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Unit 2 Wildlife protection
Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures
培优层级一 基础多维巩固
维度一 单句语法填空
1．They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house is being rebuilt
(rebuild)．
2．The flowers in the garden are being looked (look) after by an old man now.
3．The boy is being punished (punish) for fighting with his deskmate at the moment.
4．The life of the panda is being studied (study) by researchers at present.
5．Some wild animals are in danger now because their habitats are being destroyed (destroy).
6．The life of the panda is being studied (study) by researchers at present.
7．A lecture on how to learn English is being given(give) by Professor Wang from Shandong University
now.
8．Wait a minute.The dishes for the dinner are being cooked (cook) in the kitchen.
9．He is being punished (punish) by our teacher at the moment.
10．So many things are being done (do) here to prevent air pollution.
维度二 语法与写作
1．夏令营的计划正在讨论中。
The plan of the summer camp is under discussion/being discussed ．
2．目前，我的山地车正在被修理，我不得不步行去上学。
At the moment，my mountain bike is being repaired and I have to go to school on foot.
3．现在，孩子们期待的晚会正在楼下举行。
The evening party the children are looking forward to is being held downstairs now.
4．工人们不被允许进入会议室，因为它正在被装修。
The workers aren't allowed to go into the meeting room because it is being decorated ．
5．目前，饮用水正在被一些化工厂污染。
The drinking water is being polluted by many chemical factories at present.
维度三 短文填空
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm writing to give some suggestions to protect the wildlife that 1. are being thre atened (正在被威胁)
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂by human activities. As we know, many species of wildlife are in danger of extinction. This is because the
environment that they are living in 2. i s bein g destroye d (正在被毁坏) greatly.
With the development of cities, water and air 3.are being seriously polluted (正在被严重污染). Their
living areas are becoming smaller and smaller. They not only have little to eat, but also 4. are being hunted (正
在被猎杀) by human beings. These species of wildlife are important parts of our life. Although measures 5.are
being taken (正在被采用) to protect them from being hurt, much more is needed. Firstly, more laws must be
made to stop people from cutting down trees.Secondly, more natural reserves should be set up so that
they can live safely.
I hope my suggestions are helpful.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
培优层级二 多维训练提能
Ⅰ.阅读理解
主题语境：人与自然 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8 min
Fans of the movie Finding Nemo may remember the terrifying fish that scares Dory and Marlin at the
bottom of a trench.
But in reality this “monster”， a black seadevil, is only about 9 cm long, which would make it
about a third of the size of Dory and potentially smaller than Marlin or Nemo.
While this inaccuracy may seem harmless, it could cause problems for future conservation efforts, as
people are more likely to support conservation of adorable rather than scarylooking animals.
The black seadevil is just one of the mysterious “monsters”. From 2000 to 2010, scientists
described about 1 ， 200 new species in the Census of Marine Life.While this figure may seem
astonishing, a further 5，000 individual dead creatures are in specimen (标本) jars, waiting to be
described.
Specimens must be methodically collected, identified, and then the identity of new deepwater species
must be confirmed.
If we call unusual deepsea animals monsters, then we may harm their conservation as people are
unlikely to be connected with them or care about saving them.
On the other hand, their rarity clearly makes them popular on social media sites.For other species,
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂this has already resulted in increases in illegal trading for unusual pets.Deepsea species may potentially
become illegally obtained specimens or food.Humans may end up eating these animals of the deep sea to
extinction before their species are even known to science.
Every habitat on earth is interconnected, and whatever we as humans do has an influence on marine
ecosystems.In reality, about 80% of our oxygen is produced by microorganisms (微生物) in the oceans.This
makes our oceans both the lungs and lifeblood of our planet and we must all try harder to save them.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。本文主要从电影《海底总动员》里对深海物种的不准确认识，谈到了
保护深海物种的重要性。
1．What can we know about the black seadevil?
A．People benefit greatly from the oxygen produced by it.
B．Its body size is a big threat to fish like Dory and Nemo.
C．Its scary appearance will cause problems for conservation.
D．People didn't know much about it when filming Finding Nemo.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段“While this inaccuracy ... rather than scarylooking animals.”可知，
“the black seadevil”的可怕外表会使人们对它的保护产生影响，故选C。
2．What does the author think of the progress of describing new species?
A．Acceptable. B．Surprising.
C．Unsatisfying. D．Hopeless.
解析：选C 观点态度题。根据第四段的最后一句“While this figure may seem astonishing, a further
5，000 individual dead creatures are in specimen (标本) jars, waiting to be described.”可推知，作者认为
科学家对海洋新物种的研究不能令人满意，故选C。
3．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 7 probably refer to?
A．Their popularity on social media sites.
B．Their rarity among sea creatures.
C．Their conservation being harmed.
D．Their importance being ignored.
解析：选A 代词指代题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“On the other hand, their rarity clearly makes
them popular on social media sites.”可推知，此处的this指代上文稀有物种在社交媒体网站上受青睐的状
况，故选A。
4．What can we infer about those unusual sea animals?
A．They are the lungs and lifeblood of our planet.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂B．Confirming their identity is very urgent for protection.
C．Most of them are becoming illegally obtained specimens.
D．Adorable ones are more likely to be posted on social media sites.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“If we call unusual deepsea animals monsters ... care about
saving them.”可推知，科学地认知稀有物种对于对这些物种的保护很紧迫，故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
主题语境：人与自然 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：12 min
I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organisation at Bailey Arboretum in Locust
Valley. Trying to help 1 ， displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; 2 is never certain.
However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰)on the ground.
When I arrived, I saw a 2to 3weekold owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for 3 ．
I 4 the chick (雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it
5 ， but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor (使固定) it in a tree.
The homeowner was very 6 . A wire basket was found. I put some pine 7 into the basket to make
this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly 8 down.
Now all that was needed were the 9 but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the
10 screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick
to start calling 11 ．I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the
night might bring.
A 12 night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature 13 on us all! The homeowner called
to say that the parents had 14 to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and
active. And it was 15 by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would
probably continue to do so.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在作为野生动物救助志愿者的过程中救助了一只小猫头鹰，通过
小猫头鹰叫声的录音帮助它找回了它的父母。
1．A.damaged B．injured
C．spoiled D．destroyed
解析：选B 根据“I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organisation at Bailey
Arboretum in Locust Valley.”可知，作者是野生动物救助志愿者，志愿者的工作就是帮助一些小动物，
“救助受伤的、流离失所的以及生病的野生动物”。故选B。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂2．A.death B．survival
C．assistance D．removal
解析：选B 虽然作者会帮助一些野生动物，但在自然的情况下生存情况难以保证。故选B。
3．A.growth B．service
C．safety D．advice
解析：选C 因为这只小猫头鹰是需要被救助的，所以需要保证它的安全。故选C。
4．A.admired B．laid
C．treated D．examined
解析：选D 作者是野生动物救助志愿者，为了保证野生动物的安全，需要检查动物的情况。故选
D。
5．A.away B．off
C．back D．down
解析：选C 作者如果帮小猫头鹰找到鸟巢的话，就可以把小猫头鹰放回原处了。故选C。
6．A.respectful B．helpful
C．hopeful D．regretful
解析：选B 根据下文“A wire basket was found.”很快就找到了一个铁丝筐，由此可以判断没有房主
的帮忙，作者是无法在野外找到铁丝筐的，说明房主在救助小猫头鹰的过程中也帮了很多忙，是个乐于助
人的人。故选B。
7．A.nuts B．trunks
C．weeds D．branches
解析：选D 作者是给小猫头鹰做巢，因此需要用到树枝，故选D。
8．A.slowed B．broke
C．tore D．calmed
解析：选D 根据上文“safe and comfortable安全且舒适的”，小猫头鹰在一个安全舒适的环境里很
快就平静下来。故选D。
9．A.parents B．owners
C．enemies D．relatives
解析：选A 根据下文“The homeowner called to say that the parents ...房主打电话来说它的父母……”，
说明小猫头鹰的父母不在它的身边，故选A。
10．A.delight B．hunger
C．violence D．anger
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂解析：选B 作者给房主小猫头鹰饥饿时的叫声录音，一方面播放录音以告知成年猫头鹰，小猫头鹰
还活着；另一方面，也会鼓励小猫头鹰自己发出叫声。故选B。
11．A.in all B．at length
C．as well D．on end
解析：选C 参见上题解析。
12．A.relaxed B．tentative
C．nervous D．peaceful
解析：选C 根据上文“see what news the night might bring”，作者不知道夜晚会带来什么消息，这种
不确定性会让人产生紧张的感觉。故选C。
13．A.fix B．smile
C．take D．look
解析：选B 根据下文“The homeowner called to say that the parents had 14 to the recordings.”，房
主打电话给作者说小猫头鹰的父母有回应了，说明是个好消息，这是自然对我们的眷顾。故选B。
14．A.responded B．corresponded
C．related D．connected
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
15．A.covered B．occupied
C．accompanied D．placed
解析：选C 根据上文“I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.”作者开车过
去看到经过一晚后，小猫头鹰看着非常的健康活泼，说明猫头鹰父母为小猫头鹰带来了食物，并且得到了
很好的照顾。故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空
主题语境：人与自然 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8 min
Since 2012, Suy Senglim, a Cambodian (柬埔寨的) man, has used his love of photography for a good
cause: protecting wildlife.
As more and more animal species began to disappear, he grew worried.So he created a photo project,
1 will bring more attention to the loss of natural habitat in Cambodia.
Suy Senglim 2 (careful) documents each species he photographs. He records the common name of each
creature, its scientific name and identifying qualities, and whether or not the species is endangered.
He hopes 3 (educate) Cambodians about the importance of bird species and the effect that 4
(develop) has on nature.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂The Giant Ibis is Cambodia's national bird.It 5 (consider) endangered now, with its population
decreasing every year.His photography work has shown him how lack 6 education and law enforcement
makes the problem worse.
“Hunting is at the root of Cambodian culture，” he said.But he notes that centuries ago, there
were 7 (many) animals and fewer people.Therefore, educating Cambodians about the need for saving
wildlife resources 8 (be) very important.
Suy Senglim is working on a book on 100 bird species from among the 400 species he has
photographed.He hopes to publish 9 book in early 2018.He also looks forward to 10 (influence) the
new generation of naturelovers in high schools and colleges.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一位柬埔寨摄影爱好者试图通过摄影出书的方式唤醒本国人保护野生
动物的意识。
1．which 考查定语从句。先行词为a photo project，后面的定语从句中缺少主语，所以用which引导。
2．carefully 考查词性转换。此处为副词修饰动词documents作状语。
3．to educate 考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth希望做某事。
4．development 考查词性转换。空格处以及后面的部分是先行词effect的定语从句，而从句中又缺少
主语，所以用develop的名词形式development。
5．is considered 考查动词的语态和主谓一致。主语it与consider之间存在被动关系，时态为一般现
在时，主语为第三人称单数形式，所以用is considered。
6．of 考查介词。lack作名词时，用词组(the) lack of sth表示缺乏某物。
7．more 考查形容词的比较级。根据前后语境，尤其是“and fewer people”可知这里需要用many的
比较级形式，强调过去和现在情况的对比。
8．is 考查主谓一致。此处所述是一般情况，动名词短语作主语，后面动词用单数形式。
9．the 考查冠词。前一句已经提到了这本书，此处为第二次提到，故用定冠词the，表示特指。
10．influencing 考查非谓语动词。look forward to意为“盼望”，to为介词，用动词ing形式。
培优层级三 真题滚动训练
一、阅读理解
A
主题语境：人与自然 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8 min
（2022·全国·高考真题）Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the
birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a
box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given
five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another
year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a
shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In
the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition
alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that
Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to
two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual
clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
1．How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?
A．By following instructions. B．By using a tool.
C．By turning the box around. D．By removing the lid.
2．Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?
A．Using a key to unlock a door. B．Telling parrots from other birds.
C．Putting a ball into a round hole. D．Grouping toys of different shapes.
3．What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?
A．How far they are able to see. B．How they track moving objects.
C．Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D．Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
4．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers B．Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C．Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers D．Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种原产于澳大拉西亚的会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at
tool use while kept in the cage. ”（虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，它们在关在笼子
里时就能熟练地使用工具）根据第二段第三句“In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the
right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. ”(在实验中，戈芬的鹦鹉能够在大多数情况下
仅通过视觉识别来选择合适的工具。)可知，凤头鹦鹉在实验中用工具从盒子里取坚果。故选B。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂2．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around
one year of age ”(在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里)可知，一岁
儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether
the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.”(根据研究
人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择形状)可知，后续
测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Coffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been
shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. ”(戈芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于大洋
洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相似)可知，文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。故
选D。
B
主题语境：人与自然 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：8 min
（2021·全国·高考真题）If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or
annoyed, you may be onto something. Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human
faces, according to a new study.
Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images (图像) of the same person making either
a happy or an angry face. During the training stage, each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the
person’s face. The researchers then tested the dogs’ ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by
showing them the other half of the person’s face on images totally different from the ones used in training. The
researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses
more often than one would expect by random chance.
The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during
training to new faces in the testing stage. “We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures
based on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth,” said study author Corsin Muller. “Instead, our results suggest that
the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies
to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes.”
“With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human
facial expressions,” Muller told Live Science.
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂expressions in humans. “To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with
humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions, and this exposure has provided them with
many chances to learn to distinguish between them,” Muller said.
5．The new study focused on whether dogs can_________.
A．distinguish shapes B．make sense of human faces
C．feel happy or angry D．communicate with each other
6．What can we learn about the study from paragraph 2?
A．Researchers tested the dogs in random order.
B．Diverse methods were adopted during training.
C．Pictures used in the two stages were different
D．The dogs were photographed before the lest.
7．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．A suggestion for future studies. B．A possible reason for the study findings.
C．A major limitation of the study D．An explanation of the research method.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项研究证明狗能够识别人类的面部表情，但目前还不清楚它们为什么有这种
能力，可能的原因是它们长时间与人类共同生活。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images (图像) of
the same person making either a happy or an angry face. (研究人员训练了11只狗来区分同一个人脸上的表情
是高兴还是愤怒)”可知，该新研究的关注点是狗是否能够区分人的面部表情。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段的“During the training stage, each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower
half of the person’s face. The researchers then tested the dogs’ ability to distinguish between human facial
expressions by showing them the other half of the person’s face or images totally different from the ones used in
training.(在训练阶段，每只狗只看到人脸的上半部分或下半部分。研究人员随后测试了狗辨别人类面部表
情的能力，向狗展示了人的另一半面部或与训练中使用的完全不同的图像)”可知，在训练和测试阶段，狗
看的照片是不一样的。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段的““To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their
living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions, and this exposure has
provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them,” Muller said.(“对我们来说，最可能的解
释似乎是，基于它们与人类生活在一起，这让它们有很多机会接触人类的面部表情，而这种接触为它们提
供了很多机会，让它们学会区分它们，”Muller说)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了狗能够辨别人类面部表情
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂的可能原因。故选B。
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