文档内容
Unit 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
单元素养评估卷
第一部分 听力
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
While we are burning hot here, it is winter in South America. The Andes Mountains are
situated along the Argentina-Chile border. Once the first snow falls of early June start lo drop,
skiers are ready to enjoy the nightlife of ski towns all along the border.
Caviahue
Meaning “site of gathering and celebration”, this spot draws people with its long ski season,
natural beauty, and hot springs.
Season: June 15th to September 30th
Tel/Fax: （011）4314-8212/9180
Website: http://www.caviahue.com
Cerro Castor
The newest ski resort in Argentina, this winter playground is near Ushuaia—the world's
southernmost city. The stable and cold temperatures of Castor allow it to offer the longest ski
seasons in South America.
Season: June 17th to October 16th
Phone: 54 290-1499301
Fax: 54 290-1430680
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Website: http://www.cerrocastor com
Perito Moreno
This resort features 11 skiable kilometers divided into 9 tracks, a double 1, 000-mcter-long
chairlift line that joins the 900-meter-high and the 1,350-meter-high areas, where snow is
guaranteed throughout the winter.
Season: From June 15th to October 5th
Phone: 54 294-4409000
Fax: 54 294-4409000, int. 118
Website: http:// www.cerro-periiomoreno.com
Cerro Catedral
Cerro Catedral was one of the first ski resorts in Argentina. Cerro Catedral has continued to
gain a reputation for itself-all the while updating its facilities. The resort has 39 lifts, which allow
access to 600 hectares （公顷）of skiable surface divided into 53 well-signaled runs of various
difficulties.
Season: From June 18th to October 10th
Tel/Fax: （012） 4672-2947/7672
Website: http:" www.catedralaltapatagonia.com
21. Which number should you call if you want to take a hot spring bath?
A. 54 294-4409000 B. 54 290-1499301
C. （012）4672-2947/7672 D. （011）4314-8212/9180
22. Which of the following offers the longest ski season?
A. Caviahue B. Cerro Castor
C. Perito Moreno D. Cerro Catedral
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂23. What's the feature of Cerro Catedral?
A. Cultural appeal. B. Beauty and comfort.
C. Advanced equipment. D. Historical significance.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【分析】本文为应用文。本文介绍了在南美洲冬天，位于阿根廷——智利边境的安第斯山
脉，六月初的第一场雪落下后，滑雪者们就可享受边境沿线滑雪小镇的夜生活了。文章主
要介绍了四个地点即Caviahue、Cerro Castor、Perito Moreno和Cerro Catedral的相关信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Caviahue部分中的“this spot draws people with its long ski season, natural
beauty, and hot springs....Tel/Fax: （011）4314-8212/9180”可知， 这个地方以其漫长的滑雪
季节，自然美景和温泉吸引着人们......电话/传真：（011）4314-8212/9180。 可知，如果你
想泡温泉，应该打（011）4314-8212/9180。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Caviahue部分中的“Season: June 15th to September 30th ”可知滑雪季节长
为6月15日至9月30日。Cerro Castor部分中的“Season: June 17th to October 16th，”可知
滑雪季节为 6月17日至10月16日；Perito Moreno部分中的“Season: From June 15th to
October 5th”，可知滑雪季节长度 6月15日至10月5日；Cerro Catedral部分中的“Season:
From June 18th to October 10th ”滑雪季节：6月18日至10月10日。分析可知，Cerro Castor
的滑雪季节最长，故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Cerro Catedral部分中的Cerro Catedral has continued to gain a reputation
for itself all the while updating its facilities. The resort has 39 lifts, ......Cerro Catedral 一直以不
断更新设施而闻名。度假村共有39部电梯......。可知，Cerro Catedral的特点是有先进的设
备。故选C。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【点睛】新闻广告类材料是高考的热门考题。其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表
达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的。 此类文章主要考查学生提取信息和处理
信息的能力。既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查。题目设置
相对较易。答题时没有必要弄清每一句话，只要重点理解和题目有关的信息就可以了。做
这类题时没有必要阅读全文。宜采用“倒序法”来处理。即先看问题，后看文章内容，略
读问题和选项，带问题阅读。这样在阅读中有重点，有针对性地读，冗余无效的信息可略
读甚至是不读。如第3小题，先根据题目 What's the feature of Cerro Catedral?定位于fCerro
Catedral。根据 Cerro Catedral 部分中的 Cerro Catedral has continued to gain a reputation for
itself-all the while updating its facilities. The resort has 39 lifts, ......Cerro Catedral 一直以更新其
设施而闻名。度假村共有39部电梯......。可知，Cerro Catedral的特点是有先进的设备。故
选C。
B
Efforts to preserve the Amazon rain forest are growing ever more urgent as the
ecosystem’s destruction accelerates. A recent study shows that a new program combining on-the-
ground monitoring with satellite data and smartphone technology could help put the brakes on
Amazon deforestation (毁林)—and potentially that of forests elsewhere.
The scientists cooperated with 76 local communities, 36 of which participated in using
satellite-based “early deforestation alerts”, an early-alert system on a smartphone app, to watch
over the forest and to inspect forests and document damage. Over the next two years the
participants were paid to work as forest monitors and received monthly alerts via the app when
satellite data indicated local forest losses. Monitors investigated alerts and inspected for
deforestation in the areas. They reported confirmed losses back to their communities, which
decided whether to deal with the affairs on their own or inform state authorities.
The researchers analyzed the same forest-loss satellite data from the given time period in all
76 communities. They found the program reduced forest loss by 8.4 hectares (公顷) in the first
year—a 52 percent reduction compared with the average loss in the control communities, says
Tara Slough, an economist at New York University. “This reduction in deforestation was
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂concentrated in communities facing the largest threat of forest loss”, she adds.
Results for the program were less striking in its second year, when forest loss was reduced by
only 3.3 hectares compared with that in control communities. The researchers explain that a
Peruvian government campaign against coca planting that year may have discouraged
deforestation in both experimental and control communities, narrowing differences between the
two groups in the program.
Experts say this approach to dealing with Amazonian deforestation looks promising. Local
groups may continue the work they started in the program. “We want to apply this in other
communities. In doing so, we are making a contribution to the world,” wrote Francisco, a
community member involved in the research.
24. What can we learn about the new program?
A. It applies to all the forests. B. It adopts multiple technologies.
C. It involves no human participation. D. It solves the problem beforehand.
25. How did the researchers conduct the study?
A. By analyzing the data. B. By surveying the monitors.
C. By observing the area. D. By investigating the damage.
26. What do the researchers think of the effect of the program?
A. Stable. B. Positive. C. Unconvincing. D. Discouraging.
27. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Amazon Protecting the Rainforest B. Experts Testing Early-alert System
C. Communities Dealing With Deforestation D. Smartphone Watching Over the Forest
【答案】
24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D
【解析】
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一个新的项目，通过智能手机应用程序上的早
期警报系统，监视森林、检查森林并记录破坏情况，用这种方法减缓对亚马逊雨林的破坏。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“A recent study shows that a new program combining on-the-
ground monitoring with satellite data and smartphone technology could help put the brakes on
Amazon deforestation (毁林)—and potentially that of forests elsewhere.”（最近的一项研究表明，
一项将地面监测与卫星数据和智能手机技术相结合的新项目可能有助于遏制亚马逊地区的
森林砍伐，并可能遏制其他地区的森林砍伐。）可知，这个新项目将地面监测与卫星数据
和智能手机技术相结合，采用了多种技术，由此可知，关于新项目，我们从文中可以知道
它采用了多种技术。故选B项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“The researchers analyzed the same forest-loss satellite data
from the given time period in all 76 communities. They found the program reduced forest loss by
8.4 hectares (公顷) in the first year—a 52 percent reduction compared with the average loss in the
control communities, says Tara Slough, an economist at New York University.”（研究人员分析
了给定时间段内所有76个社区的相同的森林损失的卫星数据。纽约大学经济学家塔拉·斯
劳说，他们发现该项目在第一年将森林损失减少了8.4公顷，与被控制社区的平均损失相
比减少了52%。）可知，研究人员是通过分析卫星数据进行这项研究的，该项目在第一年
将森林损失减少了8.4公顷，由此可知，研究人员是通过分析数据进行这项研究的。故选
A项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“The researchers analyzed the same forest-loss satellite data
from the given time period in all 76 communities. They found the program reduced forest loss by
8.4 hectares (公顷) in the first year—a 52 percent reduction compared with the average loss in the
control communities, says Tara Slough, an economist at New York University.”（研究人员分析
了给定时间段内所有76个社区的相同的森林损失的卫星数据。纽约大学经济学家塔拉·斯
劳说，他们发现该项目在第一年将森林损失减少了8.4公顷，与被控制社区的平均损失相
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂比减少了52%。）和最后一段关键句“Experts say this approach to dealing with Amazonian
deforestation looks promising. Local groups may continue the work they started in the
program.”（专家表示，这种处理亚马逊森林砍伐的方法看起来很有希望。当地团体可以继
续他们在该项目中开始的工作。）可知，研究人员的数据现显示，这个项目在第一年将森
林损失减少了8.4公顷，与被控制社区的平均损失相比减少了52%，并且专家也认为这种
处理亚马逊森林砍伐的方法看起来很有希望，由此可知，研究人员认为该项目的效果是积
极乐观的。故选B项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段关键句“The scientists cooperated with 76 local
communities, 36 of which participated in using satellite-based “early deforestation alerts”, an
early-alert system on a smartphone app, to watch over the forest and to inspect forests and
document damage.”（科学家们与76个当地社区合作，其中36个社区参与使用基于卫星的
“早期毁林警报”，这是一个智能手机应用程序上的早期警报系统，用于监视森林、检查
森林并记录破坏情况。）可知，本文主要介绍了一个新的项目，将地面监测与卫星数据和
智能手机技术相结合，通过智能手机应用程序上的早期警报系统，监视森林、检查森林并
记录破坏情况，用这种方法减缓对亚马逊雨林的破坏，“Smartphone Watching Over the
Forest”意为“智能手机监视森林”，能够概括文章主要内容。故选D项。
C
Last year saw one of the poorest salmon returns on record in North America. Yet, we are
eating more fish than ever before. Aquaculture (水产养殖) production has tripled in the last two
decades to meet this need, and another historic move was made by the FDA earlier this year, when
a company received the first ever nod to sell a genetically modified salmon, a bioengineered
version of the Atlantic salmon.
US-based AquaBounty, the firm which received the go-ahead, said it would begin stocking
fish in supermarkets “as soon as possible”. The first commercial harvest is expected at the end of
2020. At the moment, Argentina, Brazil and China have also granted environmental approvals for
genetically modified fish farming trials.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂This genetically modified salmon is actually a fish injected with the DNA of two other edible
fish. The long road to the current version of the GM fish began in the 1980s when a physiologist
named Garth Fletcher read about the work being done to genetically modify mice and wondered
whether it could apply to salmon. He understood that the fish’s growth hormones are most active
in some seasons and considered changing this so that the hormones are always active. Cut to 2019,
Fletcher’s GM fish is able to reach adult size in 16 to 18 months, compared with 30 months for
natural Atlantic salmon, while consuming 25% less feed.
In the United States, Atlantic salmon is endangered, so catching it is heavily restricted. It is
currently imported from Chile, Norway and Canada. If the production and sales of AquaBounty
go as planned, this will all change. And simultaneously, the company claims that farming the fish
in their land-based hatcheries will lower the transportation cost as well as emissions associated
with importing the fish as is currently done.
This has not all been without stiff opposition, and protestors who have sent nearly 2 million
comments to the FDA have had issues on three main fronts. Health risks, being the main one, as
it has been with several other genetically modified foods in the past. The environmental group
Earth Action says no one can predict what will happen when people start eating the fish over time.
28. What can we learn about AquaBounty?
A. It is a firm located in Argentina.
B. It performs research into GM fish.
C. It deals with the production and sales of fish.
D. It is the only firm allowed to produce GM fish.
29. One of the advantages of the GM salmon is that ______.
A. it has proved to have no health risks
B. it costs 25% less than imported salmon
C. it can meet people’s ever increasing need
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂D. it grows faster than natural Atlantic salmon
30. Protestors against GM salmon worry that ______.
A. fish markets will be seriously disturbed
B. GM food has potential health problems
C. GM salmon may not be up to the standard
D. the environmental group Earth Action will not be satisfied
31. The underlined word “This” in the last paragraph probably refers to ______.
A. the nod to sell a GM salmon
B. the lower cost of GM salmon
C. the prediction about what will happen
D. the import of salmon from Chile, Norway and Canada
【答案】 28.C 29.D 30.B 31.A
【文章大意】本文是说明文, 介绍了生产和销售转基因鱼的公司状况以及人们对转基因鱼
的看法。
28.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的If the production and sales of AquaBounty
go as planned, this will all change. (如果AquaBounty的生产和销售按计划进行, 这一切都会
改变)可知, AquaBounty是一家生产和销售转基因鱼的公司。C. It deals with the production
and sales of fish. (它处理鱼的生产和销售)符合以上说法。
29.【解析】选D 。细节理解题。根据第三段的 Cut to 2019, Fletcher’s GM fish is able to
reach adult size in 16 to 18 months, compared with 30 months for natural Atlantic salmon, while
consuming 25% less feed. (2019年, 弗莱彻的转基因鱼可以在16—18个月内长到成年大小,
而天然大西洋鲑鱼则需要30个月, 同时消耗的饲料也少了25%)可知, 转基因鱼的一个优势
是比大西洋鲑鱼长得快。D. it grows faster than natural Atlantic salmon(它比大西洋鲑鱼长得
快)符合以上说法。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂30.【解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据最后一段的Health risks, being the main one, as it has
been with several other genetically modified foods in the past. (健康风险是主要原因, 就像过去
其他几种转基因食品一样)可知, 抗议者们担心转基因食品存在健康风险。B. GM food has
potential health problems(转基因食品有潜在的健康问题)符合以上说法。
31.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段的a company received the first ever nod to sell a
genetically modified salmon(一个公司首次得到销售转基因鲑鱼的许可)和画线部分所在句子
This has not all been without stiff opposition(这并非没有强烈的反对意见)可推测, this指代是
“同意销售转基因鲑鱼”。 A. the nod to sell a GM salmon(同意销售转基因鲑鱼)符合以上
说法。
D
The world’s coral reefs are in bad shape. Climate change has led to coral whitening.
Overfishing has disturbed the ecosystems that keep reefs healthy. Poisonous runoffs from human
industry are destroying the “rainforests of the sea.” A new study has highlighted another threat to
coral reefs：plastics.
Researchers analyzed corals from reefs in Southeast Asia and Australia. Almost everywhere
they looked, they saw bits of plastic, including chip wrappers, Q-tips, garbage bags.
The team estimates that at least 11 billion plastic items are trapped in coral reefs in the Asia-
Pacific and that number is increasing alarmingly. This could spell disaster for the world’s reefs.
The likelihood of the corals developing a disease jumps from 4 to 89 percent when corals come
into contact with plastics.
Further investigations are needed to determine precisely how and why plastics make coral
open to different diseases. But it seems that plastic debris（碎片）slices open the skin of the
corals, exposing them to bacteria.
“Plastic debris can cause damage to coral tissues by accelerating invasion of bacteria or by
exhausting resources for immune system function during wound-healing processes,” the authors of
the study write. Drew Harvell, co-author of the study, says that plastics also “shade the light coral
needs and cut off water flow.”
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂It is vital to preserve the health of coral reefs for a number of reasons. Many marine creatures
make their homes within the reefs. Reefs also protect coastlines from waves and tropical storms,
support fishing industries and generate billions of dollars for the worldwide tourism industry every
year.
Throughout the research, scientists noticed that the plastics problem was not evenly
distributed. Reefs near Indonesia had the highest amount of plastic rubbish, while reefs near
Australia had the lowest. This could be because Australia has the best waste removal system. It
suggests that there is a relatively easy fix to the issue.
“We can clean up the problem,” Harvell told Fears. “It’s so much easier than climate
change.”
32. What does the underlined part in the first paragraph refer to?
A. coral reefs B. ecosystems
C. runoffs from human industry D. plastics
33. How could plastics make coral reefs open to diseases?
A. By cutting off the food supply.
B. By bringing bacteria to the sea.
C. By speeding up the immune system function.
D. By hurting the facial tissue and exposing them to diseases.
34. Why are Indonesia and Australia mentioned in the 7th paragraph?
A. To advertise for the waste removal system.
B. To show optimism about solving the plastics problem.
C. To praise the efforts made by the Australian government.
D. To emphasize the importance of dealing with plastics problem.
35. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂A. Threats to Coral Reefs. B. Plastics Endangers Coral Reefs.
C. Coral Reefs and Climate Change. D. Protecting Coral Reefs for Our Future.
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了塑料垃圾对珊瑚礁的不良影响。
【32题详解】
词义猜测题。根据前文“The world’s coral reefs are in bad shape. Climate change has led to
coral whitening. Overfishing has disturbed the ecosystems that keep reefs healthy.”所述，“世界
上的珊瑚礁处于糟糕的状况。气候导致了珊瑚礁白化。过度捕捞也扰乱了保持珊瑚礁健康
的生态系统。”可知，后文中提到的“ Poisonous runoffs from human industry are destroying
the rainforests of the sea.”人类工业排放的有毒物质正在破坏的 “海洋雨林” 就是指珊瑚礁。
故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “The team estimates that at least 11 billion plastic items are
trapped in coral reefs in the Asia-Pacific and that number is increasing alarmingly. This could spell
disaster for the world’s reefs. The likelihood of the corals developing a disease jumps from 4 to 89
percent when corals come into contact with plastics.”（这个团队发现当珊瑚礁接触塑料时，他
们患病的可能性从4%升到89%）及文章第五段 ““Plastic debris can cause damage to coral
tissues by accelerating invasion of bacteria or by exhausting resources for immune system
function during wound-healing processes,” （塑料碎片会加速细菌的入侵，或者在伤口愈合
过程中耗尽免疫系统的资源，从而对珊瑚组织造成损害。）” 可知，塑料正是伤害珊瑚礁
的面部组织让他们容易感染疾病的。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段 “ Reefs near Indonesia had the highest amount of plastic rubbish,
while reefs near Australia had the lowest. This could be because Australia has the best waste
removal system. It suggests that there is a relatively easy fix to the issue.（印度尼西亚附近的珊
瑚礁有最多的塑料垃圾，而澳大利亚附近的珊瑚礁塑料垃圾最少。这可能是因为澳大利亚
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂有最好的垃圾处理系统。这表明有一个相对简单的方法来解决这个问题。）可知，文中所
述的印度尼西亚附近的珊瑚礁有最多的塑料垃圾，而澳大利亚附近的珊瑚礁塑料垃圾最少
是为了说明塑料问题是可以通过有效的垃圾处理措施解决的。故B正确。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“ A new study has highlighted another threat to coral reefs：
plastics.”一项新的研究强调了珊瑚礁面临的另一种威胁:塑料。因此，文章的标题 “塑料危
害珊瑚礁” 为短文的最佳标题。故选B。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多
余选项。
Every minute, every single day, about a truckload of plastic enters our oceans.
1. __________ And to date, only 9% of that has been recycled.
We buy a bottle of water, drink it for a few minutes, and toss its permanent packaging
“away”. We eat potato chips, finish them, then throw their permanent packaging “away”. We buy
produce, take it out of the unnecessary plastic wrap, then throw its permanent packaging “away”.
The cycle is endless, and it happens countless times every single day.
2. __________ As far as we try to toss a piece of plastic—whether it’s into a recycling bin or not
—it does not disappear. Chances are, it ends up polluting our communities, oceans or waterways
in some form.
For years, we’ve been told the problem of plastic packaging can be solved through individual
action. 3. __________ But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess.
Recycling alone will never stop the flow of plastics into our oceans; we have to get to the
source of the problem and slow down the production of all this plastic waste. Think about it: if
your home was flooding because you had left the tap on, your first step wouldn’t be to start
mopping. You’d first cut the flooding off at its source—the tap. 4. ________
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂We need corporations—those like Coca-Cola, Unilever, Starbucks and Nestlé that continue to
produce throwaway plastic bottles—to step up and take their responsibility for the mess they’ve
created. 5. __________. We will continue to do our part, but it’s time for the world’s largest
corporations to do theirs.
A. This is their problem to deal with.
B. Plastic pollution is becoming very serious.
C. But here is the problem—there is no “away”.
D. In many ways, our plastic problem is no difference.
E. We think that if we simply recycle we’re doing our part.
F. It’s impossible for us to get rid of plastic pollution completely.
G. Since the 1950s, some 8. 3 billion tons of plastic have been produced worldwide.
答案与解析：
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。塑料污染正严重破坏着我们的环境。作者认为, 除了我
们个人要养成环保习惯外, 那些制造塑料垃圾的大公司应该负起主要责任。
1. 【解析】选G。下句And to date, only 9%of that has been recycled. 中的only 9% of that
暗示上文提到了塑料的数量, 因此G项正确。
2. 【解析】选C。上段出现了三次“away”, 与C项中的there is no “away”相呼应。
3. 【解析】选E。下句But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess. 指出仅
仅靠个人循环利用塑料制品是不够的, 与E项中的“if we simply recycle we’re doing our
part”相呼应。
4. 【解析】选D。上文You’d first cut the flooding off at its source—the tap. 作者通过房子水
龙头漏水一例, 来说明解决问题应该抓住源头。当然, 解决塑料污染也是一样的道理,
故D项正确。
5. 【解析】选A。上下文作者都在呼吁企业承担自己应有的责任来解决塑料污染问题, 因
此A项符合语境。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂第三部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分40分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
[2021·日照模拟]Just a few months earlier, I would never have pictured myself acting in a
play in front of two hundred people. If not for my __1__， Mrs. Sather, I might never have found
that opportunity.
In the first and second grade, I was extremely __2__. It just wasn't in my personality to be
very outgoing. I would escape in my writing. Mrs. Sather, always __3__ me to write more. I think
she was one of the first people to see my inner __4__.
One day, she announced our class was going to __5__ a play, a takeoff on The Wizard of
Oz. “I need someone to play the lead part of Dorothy.” A few excited hands __6__. Mine, of
course, was not one of them.
After school, Mrs. Sather said to me, “Dallas, I was __7__ you didn't raise your hand. You're
great at memorizing things, and you have such a sweet personality. Perfect for Dorothy! I had you
in __8__ for Dorothy while writing the play! If you __9__ don't want to, though, I won't make
you. It's your __10__.”
I realized it was time to show the world who I really was. I __11__ the role. Fastforward
through five months of __12__， line memorizing, and costume creating, we were ready.
At the end of the play, when the audience stood and applauded, I knew they were not just
__13__ for my performance that night, but for the __14__ that they knew would come in later
years because of my newfound __15__.
1．A.partner B．teacher C．parent D．classmate
2．A.shy B．weak C．energetic D．ambitious
3．A.recommended B．allowed C．encouraged D．accompanied
4．A.drawback B．peace C．character D．strength
5．A.perform B．watch C．write D．enjoy
6．A.put down B．reached out C．shot up D．drew back
7．A.excited B．amused C．afraid D．surprised
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂8．A.store B．mind C．memory D．comparison
9．A.initially B．really C．finally D．spiritually
10．A.turn B．choice C．luck D．fault
11．A.accepted B．played C．created D．remembered
12．A.practicing B．learning C．observing D．communicating
13．A.celebrating B．chatting C．cheering D．congratulating
14．A.praises B．efforts C．beliefs D．performances
15．A.skill B．confidence C．interest D．hobby
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者在 Sather老师的鼓励下，参
与了戏剧的表演，最终演出非常成功，作者也重拾了信心。
1．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有我的老师Sather夫人，我可
能永远也找不到这样的机会。A. partner伙伴；B. teacher老师；C. parent父母；D. classmate
同学。根据第三段One day, she announced our class可推知Sather夫人是作者的老师。故选
B。
2．答案与解析：A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一年级和二年级的时候，我非常
害羞。A. shy害羞的；B. weak虚弱的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. ambitious有抱负的。
结合语境It just wasn't in my personality to be very outgoing.可知在一年级和二年级的时候，
作者非常害羞。故选A。
3．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sather老师总是鼓励我多写。A.
recommended推荐；B. allowed允许；C. encouraged鼓励；D. accompanied陪伴。结合后文
me to write more可知Sather老师总是鼓励作者多写。故选C。
4．答案与解析：D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想她是第一个看到我内心力量的人。
A. drawback缺点；B. peace和平；C. character性格；D. strength力量。结合上文Sather老
师鼓励作者多写可知Sather老师看到了作者内心的力量。其他选项不符合语境。故选D。
5．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，她宣布我们班要表演一出戏，
《绿野仙踪》。A. perform表演；B. watch看；C. write写；D. enjoy欣赏。结合下文a play,
a takeoff on The Wizard of Oz.可知是表演《绿野仙踪》。故选A。
6．答案与解析：C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：几只激动的手伸出来，我当然不在其
中。A. put down记下；B. reached out伸出；C. shot up迅速举起；D. drew back收回。结合
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂上文萨瑟夫人挑选扮演Dorothy的人，结合下文you didn't raise your hand可知是有几只激动
的手马上举起来了。故选C。
7．答案与解析：D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放学后，Sather老师对我说：“达
拉斯，我很惊讶你没有举手。”A. excited激动的；B. amused愉快的；C. afraid害怕的；D.
surprised 惊讶的。结合后文 You're great at memorizing things, and you have such a sweet
personality. Perfect for Dorothy！可知Sather老师认为作者是扮演Dorothy的最佳人选，因此
惊讶于作者没有举手。故选D。
8．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在写剧本的时候就把你想成
Dorothy了。A. store商店；B. mind思维；C. memory记忆；D. comparison对比。结合上文
Sather老师认为作者是扮演Dorothy的最佳人选，可知Sather老师在写剧本的时候就已经把
作者想成Dorothy了。短语have sb. in mind“心中想着某人”。故选B。
9．答案与解析：B 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你真的不想，我也不会逼你。A.
initially首先；B. really真的；C. finally终于；D. spiritually精神上。结合下文don't want to,
though, I won't make you可知如果作者真的不想扮演Dorothy，Sather老师也不会勉强她。
故选B。
10．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是你的选择。A. turn转弯；B.
choice选择；C. luck运气；D. fault错误。结合上文老师的话可知，要不要扮演Dorothy是
作者的选择，Sather老师不会勉强。故选B。
11．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我接受了这个角色。A. accepted接
受；B. played玩耍；C. created创造；D. remembered记住。结合上文I realized it was time to
show the world who I really was.可知作者还是接受了这个角色。故选A。
12．答案与解析：A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过五个月的练习、台词记忆和服
装制作，我们已经准备好了。A. practicing练习；B. learning学会；C. observing观察；D.
communicating交流。根据常识作者表演戏剧需要经过练习。故选A。
13．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在戏剧的最后，当观众起立鼓掌时，
我知道他们不仅仅是在为我当晚的表演喝彩，而是因为我重拾信心，他们知道以后会有更
多的表演。A. celebrating庆祝；B. chatting聊天；C. cheering欢呼；D. congratulating恭喜。
结合上文when the audience stood and applauded可知观众为作者的表演而欢呼喝彩。故选
C。
14．答案与解析：D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在戏剧的最后，当观众起立鼓掌时，
我知道他们不仅仅是在为我当晚的表演喝彩，而是因为我重拾信心，他们知道以后会有更
多的表演。A. praises赞扬；B. efforts努力；C. beliefs信念；D. performances表现。结合上
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂文when the audience stood and applauded可知作者的戏剧表演很成功，大家都为之喝彩。故
选D。
15．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在戏剧的最后，当观众起立鼓掌时，
我知道他们不仅仅是在为我当晚的表演喝彩，而是因为我重拾信心，他们知道以后会有更
多的表演。A. skill技能；B. confidence自信；C. interest兴趣；D. hobby爱好。结合上文作
者从一开始不敢举手申请扮演角色到最后演出的成功，可知作者重拾了自信。故选B。
第二节 语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个词）或括号内单词的正确形式.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists often compare coral reefs to underwater rainforests, yet unlike the leafy plant base
of a forest, corals are animals.The soft organs inside the hard parts of corals are naturally
transparent and get___23___(they) famously brilliant color from algae(藻类）living inside them.
When corals experience stress from hot temperatures or ___24___ (pollute),they end their
interdependent relationship with this algae,typically forcing them out ___25___turning white,
though one recent study indicates some corals turn a bright neon color when stressed.Corals are
still alive when they bleach( 白 化 ） ， but they're ____26____ risk-essentially
immunocompromised(免疫功能低下）－and many ___27___ (eventual) starve and die, turning a
dark brown.
People first noticed coral bleaching events in the 1980s.The problem worsened in 2016, when
an El Nino weather pattern, ___28___causes warmer waters in the Pacific Ocean, ___29___
（mix) with an already unseasonably warm ocean and killed off a third of the corals on the Great
Barrier Reef.Since then, roughly half the corals on Australia's famous reefs ___30___（die) in
following bleaching events, risking an underwater landscape 1,500 miles long.
Scientists around the world are looking for all kinds of ways to protect and maybe even
revive corals.One option is ___31___ (create) more marine protected areas-essentially national
parks in the ocean.Scientists say creating marine shelter, where fishing, mining,and recreating are
off limits, makes the reefs ___32___ (healthy), and so much stronger.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【答案】23. their
24. pollution
25. and 26. at
27. eventually
28. which 29. mixed
30. have died
31. to create/creating
32. healthier
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。当珊瑚遭受到高温或污染，他们结束和藻类的共生关系，迫使藻
类离开，珊瑚褪变成白色。许多白化后的珊瑚最终饿死和死掉，为了使珊瑚礁更健康更强
壮，科学家称创造海洋生物避难处，限制渔业、开矿和再创造。
【23题详解】
考查代词。句意：珊瑚中硬体部分中的软器官是天然透明的并且从生活在他们体内的藻类
中得到著名的绚烂颜色。根据句子结构可知，此处修饰名词 color，故使用形容词性物主代
词形式。故填their 。
【24题详解】
考查名词。句意：当珊瑚遭受到高温或污染，他们结束和藻类的共生关系，迫使藻类离开
珊瑚褪变成白色。根据并列连词or和前面的名词 temperatures可知，此处应用名词与
temperatures并列，故填其名词形式。故填pollution 。
【25题详解】
考查连词。句意：当珊瑚遭受到高温或污染，他们结束和藻类的共生关系，迫使藻类离开
珊瑚褪变成白色。连接两个并列的现在分词形式forcing和turning，且意义表顺接，应使用
并列连词and。故填and。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【26题详解】
考查介词。句意：珊瑚白化时还活着，但他们处于危险中——主要是免疫功能不全——许
多最终饿死和死掉，变成深棕色。固定搭配at risk，意为"处于危险中"。故填at 。
【27题详解】
考查副词。句意：珊瑚白化时还活着，但他们处于危险中——主要是免疫功能不全——许
多最终饿死和死掉，变成深棕色。修饰动词starve 应使用其副词形式。故填eventualy。
【28题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当额尔尼娜天气导致太平洋水域升温时，混合已经无季节的海洋暖
化杀死了大堡礁三分之一的珊瑚。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为pattern，在从句中
作主语，指物，故填which。
【29题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：当额尔尼娜天气导致太平洋水域升温时，混合已经无季节的海洋暖
化杀死了大堡礁三分之一的珊瑚。此处为谓语，与主语 El Nino weather pattern为主谓关系。
根据时间状语2016可知，此处应使用一般过去时。另外，根据并列连词 and和killed也可
推断出答案。故填mixed。
【30题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：自从那会起，澳大利亚著名的珊瑚礁上一半的珊瑚在接下来的白化
事件中死掉。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语，根据时间状语 Since then可知用现在完
成时，主语half the corals是复数，助动词用have。故填have died 。
【31题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一种选择是创造更多的海洋保护区。此处非谓动词作表语，是对
主语option的解释说明，用不定式或动名词均可。故填to create/creating 。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：科学家称创造海洋生物避难处，在那里渔业、开矿和再创造都是禁止
的，来让珊瑚礁更健康更强壮。根据并列连词and和其后的stronger可知，此处也应该使用
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂比较级形式。故填healthier 。
第四部分：写作
第一节 应用文写作(15分)
47. 假定你是李华，是第一中学的一名学生，请你就学校附近一些印染厂偷排未经处理的
废气所造成的极大影响与危害，给常熟市长写一封信反映这一污染问题。内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.排放未经处理废气的危害；
3.你的诉求。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已经给出，不包含在词数内。
参考词汇：printing and dyeing mill 印染厂
Dear Mayor,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Mayor,
I’m Li Hua, a student from No. 1 Middle School. I venture to write to complain about the air
pollution in our school area caused by some nearby printing and dyeing mills.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂These mills are illegally pumping unprocessed waste gas into the air directly, which leads to a
sharp smell filling the school area. Worse still, students’ prolonged exposure to such smelling and
poisonous air increases their risk of developing diseases and even cancer.
Thus it is my sincere hope that you can look into the case and assure us of clean and safe air.
I would appreciate it greatly if you could take my complaint seriously.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给常熟市长写一封信反映学校附近的污染问
题。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量现在进行时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 表明写信目的；
2. 介绍排放未经处理废气的危害;
3. 表明你的诉求。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
complain about; air pollution; pump…into…; unprocessed waste gas; lead to; look into; assure sb.
of…; take…seriously
第三步：连词成句
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂1. I venture to write to complain about the air pollution in our school area caused by some nearby
printing and dyeing mills.
2. These mills are illegally pumping unprocessed waste gas into the air directly, which leads to a
sharp smell filling the school area.
3. Worse still, students’ prolonged exposure to such smelling and poisonous air increases their risk
of developing diseases and even cancer.
4. Thus it is my sincere hope that you can look into the case and assure us of clean and safe air.
5. I would appreciate it greatly if you could take my complaint seriously.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：Worse still; and
2.表因果关系：Thus
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1]. These mills are illegally pumping unprocessed waste gas into the air
directly, which leads to a sharp smell filling the school area. （由关系代词which引导的非限制
性定语从句）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写
的词数应为150左右。
Winter and spring are always rainy in northwest Washington State. But this time the clouds
outdid themselves, dipping the town of Oso in twice the usual rainfall.
When the sun at last shone on Saturday, Anna's three older kids ran outside to play with
friends. Inside, Anna nursed their youngest, four-month-old Kristian. Suddenly Anna heard a
sound — like the roar of a jet. The lights began to shine in an unsteady way. She rushed outside in
time to see a half-mile-wide tsunami (海啸) of mud and sand thundering down the hill toward
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂them. Scared, Anna gathered everyone into the bedroom farthest from the falling hillside.
Kris, Anna's husband, a 31-year-old carpenter, was pulling woods with great effort when he
got a hysterical (歇斯底里的) call from Anna.
“The mountain had fallen，” she cried. Houses had been swept away. He knew it was the
landslide. The man sped back toward State Route 530 and home. But traffic on SR 530 had come
to a stop. The highway and everything on both sides of it were covered with sand, fallen trees, and
chunks of what used to be home. A roof sat in the middle of what had been the road. Kris jumped
out of the truck and ran along the highway. Almost immediately, the mud came up to his knees.
After stepping across fallen trees and pieces of walls, he heard a woman scream for help. As
he followed the sound through mud that was now waist-high, he found the river was rising. Soon
he had to climb over the house to reach the source of the cries, about 100 yards from the road.
He finally reached a dark-haired young woman buried under pieces of walls, furniture, and
trees. Her head was bloody and she was holding a baby boy. The baby wasn't looking good, and
the mother said she couldn't feel her own legs. Kris kept her talking while he pulled away the
wood, metal, and furniture springs trapping the mother and child. At last, he was able to free them.
注意：续写词数应为 150 左右。
Meanwhile, Kris heard a man letting out a cry of pain from the ruins.
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With the rescue team now taking the lead in freeing the man, Kris moved on to rushing
home.
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Meanwhile, Kris heard a man letting out a cry of pain from the ruins.
Stepping toward the house, Kris sank into mud up to his shoulders. His arms and legs were
immobilised, but finally he managed to slowly twist his way out of the mud and continued toward
the destroyed house. He spotted a man buried in the remnants of the house, whose face was
covered with blood. He was buried too deeply for Kris to free him. So Kris climbed up on the
roof, found the search and rescue team, and led them to the buried man.
With the rescue team now taking the lead in freeing the man, Kris moved on to rushing home.
Hours later, Kris finally reached home and the mud had stopped. He looked around the destroyed
house, failing to spot Anna and the kids. Desperate to find them, he checked all cars and houses
nearby and then ran back toward the rescue centre along State Route 530.
Not long after he arrived, the carpenter saw Anna's car coming down the road. Anna pulled
over, leaped out, and ran to him. He folded her in his arms close. Softly, he spoke, “Let's go home,
Anna.”
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