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【中考二轮专题训练系列】
2024中考英语压轴大题分类专题训练
专题06 阅读理解-说明文
题型训练
训练题01【2023·湖南怀化·中考真题】
In China, there are 24 solar terms (节气) in a year. And there are six solar terms in winter. They
are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice (冬至), lesser cold (小寒) and
greater cold.
Beginning of winter usually falls on November 7th or 8th. On this day, after a year of hard
work, people are happy to have a rest and spend time with the family. The northern China celebrates
beginning of winter as the “Small Spring Festival”. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup
on that day.
Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December
7th or 8th. When winter solstice comes, it brings the shortest days of the year and the longest nights.
Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather.
Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready
to welcome the Spring Festival after it. Of course, a new round of solar terms will start.
1．How many solar terms are there in winter?
A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven.
2．What do people in the northern China usually have on beginning of winter?
A．Dumplings and mutton soup.
B．Noodles and fish.
C．Rice and chicken.
3．When does heavy snow usually fall?
A．On November 22nd or 23rd.
B．On December 1st or 2nd.
C．On December 7th or 8th.
4．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Beginning of winter.
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B．The solar terms in winter.
C．Greater cold.
训练题02【2023·江苏徐州·中考真题】
You stand in a garden. A low noise reaches your ears. You see a small insect
flying near your head. You turn to look, and it flies out of sight. There it is again!
You move slowly. You can see yellow and black stripes on it.
Is it a bee? It lands on a flower, and you take a closer look.
Bees fold(折叠) their wings onto their backs when they stop flying. But this insect’s wings
reach out like a fly’s. That’s because it is a fly—a flower fly.
Many flower flies look like bees. This helps keep them safe from animals that may want to eat
them. Insects with yellow and black stripes usually have stingers(刺). Insect eaters, such as some
birds and frogs, need to get stung only once to know that stripes mean trouble. Flower flies can’t
sting, but insect eaters see the stripes and leave the flies alone.
Flower flies spend most of their time looking for food. Like bees, flower flies eat pollen(花
粉) and nectar(花蜜). This makes them easy to find in a garden full of flowers. They are helpful
garden insects just like bees. Adult flower flies move pollen from one flower to another, which helps
some flowers grow into fruit.
Flower flies can stay in one place while flying. Most insects move forward when they fly. But
flower flies can twist their wings, much like hummingbirds do. Twisting keeps them in one place,
so they can remain over flowers, leaves, or even you!
1．In which part of a magazine can we probably see this passage?
A．Nature. B．Culture. C．Fashion. D．Health.
2．In which way are bees and flower flies different?
A．The food that they eat. B．The colour of their stripes.
C．The way they help garden flowers grow.D．The shape of wings when they stop flying.
3．What does the underlined phrase “leave the flies alone” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Make friends with the flies. B．Eat the flies up.
C．Keep away from the flies. D．Invite the flies in.
4．What might the writer of the passage agree with?
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A．People usually prefer bees to flower flies.
B．People sometimes mistake flower flies for bees.
C．People should stop birds eating bees and flower flies.
D．People should have beautiful gardens in their neighbourhood.
训练题03【2023·湖北随州·中考真题】
You are always told to wash your hands before you eat. You know
you must wash your hands after going to the bathroom. You should wash
your hands many times during the day. Do you know how to wash your
hands correctly?
Always use soap to wash your hands. After turning on the tap (水
龙头) and wetting your hands, you can rub (摩擦) your hands with soap. Soap may not kill all the
germs (细菌), but it can wash away the oil on your skin. As the oil is washed away, the germs will
leave your hands and go away.
You should wash your hands for 15-20 seconds. How do you know the length (长度) of
15-20 seconds? You can sing ABC Song. By the time you get to the last note, your hands will be
clean!
Rub your hands together. You can use one hand to rub the back of the other hand and then
exchange two hands. You also need to rub between your fingers. Don’t forget to rub under and
around your fingernails.
Maybe your hands don’t look dirty, but there are germs on them. Germs are too small for you
to see. They are on your hands all the time. Many illnesses are caused by germs, so you should often
wash your hands.
1．Why does the writer mention ABC Song?
A．Because it is the most popular song in the world.
B．Because everyone can sing this song very well.
C．Because washing hands is as easy as singing ABC Song.
D．Because you can sing this song to know the length of washing hands.
2．The underlined word “note” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．音符 B．注释 C．笔记 D．便条
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3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．Using soap to wash your hands.
B．Using a clean towel (毛巾) to dry your hands.
C．Washing your hands for about 20 seconds.
D．Rubbing under and around your fingernails.
4．According to the passage, you can know ________.
A．why you should often wash hands
B．what the best soap people usually use is
C．what kind of germs there are on your hands
D．how many germs there are on your hands
5．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．How to stay healthy. B．How to protect your fingers.
C．How to wash hands correctly. D．How to keep away from germs.
训练题04【2023·山东滨州·中考真题】
Do you often ask questions? Children are known for wanting answers to many questions
because curiosity (好奇心) is part of human nature. Books and TV shows often depend on curiosity.
People keep reading or watching because they want to find out what happens.
As we all know, curiosity provides many advantages. Many of history’s greatest discoveries
were made by curious people. People wondered how things worked and how work could be done
more quickly. Thanks to their curiosity, people now know far more about the world and have useful
technology to help them. Even if you don’t plan to be an inventor or researcher, curiosity can still
help you in the classroom. If you develop the curiosity of learning, classes will become more
interesting. You will be good at them because you enjoy the process of learning. Even if you’re no
longer a student, curiosity will make you an able worker.
What will you do if you’re not already curious? Luckily, curiosity is a skill that can be improved.
Often, the more you learn about a topic, the more interesting it becomes. To improve your curiosity,
get information from as many sources (来源) as possible when you learn about a topic. At the same
time, read all kinds of books, watch or listen to speeches and ask questions. Don’t always get
information in the same way. Instead, learn to understand the facts that different people know.
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Don’t assume you already know everything. Instead, search for other possibilities and opinions.
Remember, everyone knows something that you don’t know. Find out what it is, and ask about it.
This lets you learn something and makes the other people happy by sharing their knowledge. Let’s
try to become people who are full of curiosity.
1．Children like to ask questions because ________.
A．they are born with natural curiosity
B．they don’t know about the human nature
C．they are known for reading and watching
D．they don’t want to find the answers by themselves
2．What can curiosity help you in the classroom?
A．It can make you cleverer than before.
B．It can make the classes easier for you.
C．It can help you enjoy the process of learning.
D．It can help you feel relaxed in the classroom.
3．Which can be helpful to improve your curiosity?
A．Reading only one kind of book.
B．Showing others your knowledge.
C．Getting information in the same way.
D．Getting information from as many sources as you can.
4．What does the underlined word “assume” mean?
A．Worry. B．Think. C．Wonder. D．Forget.
5．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Try to Be Curious B．Make Others Happy
C．Learn to Ask Questions D．Great Discoveries Made by Curious People
训练题05【2023·福建·中考真题】
Scientists have developed a way to read minds, translating unspoken thoughts into written
words. It’s the first time it’s been done without having to put anything into the brain. They used
artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能). It is the name given to a computer system that is able to
“think” for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence.
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Scientists used a special scanner (扫描器). The machine can see where blood runs, which
shows the parts of the brain that are most active. People taking part in the experiment (实验) listened
to the radio for 16 hours as their brains were scanned. The AI tool learned to connect certain brain
activity with words they heard. After that, each person was asked to think of a story, and the AI tool
managed to pick up these thoughts as they happened.
The results had about a 50% accuracy rate (准确率), although the AI found it hard to work out
the meaning of pronouns, such as he or she, her or him. For example, it turned “I don’t have my
driver’s license yet” into “She has not even started to learn to drive yet.” It could usually understand
the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words. The AI was personalized,
so when it had learnt from one person but it was tested on another, it couldn’t understand their
thoughts.
The scientists, who have been working on the technology for 15 years, say they understand the
risks of it being used badly. Scientist Jerry Tang told a newspaper, “We want to make sure people
only use these types of technologies when they want to, and that it helps them.” The scientists hope
it will help people with certain medical conditions, who are still awake but have lost the ability to
speak, to communicate once again.
1．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 1 refer to (指代)?
A．A way. B．Anything. C．The brain. D．AI.
2．What is the main purpose of paragraph 2?
A．To describe the process of the experiment.
B．To explain the results of the experiment.
C．To offer some opinions about the experiment.
D．To list the difficulties with the experiment.
3．What does the example in paragraph 3 show?
A．The AI is much cleverer than people.
B．The AI didn’t start the work as it was ordered.
C．The AI couldn’t understand the exact words of what people thought.
D．The AI will be well developed according to people’s special needs.
4．What can we learn from the text?
A．It is not difficult to take AI under control.
B．AI will not be used in a proper way in the future.
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C．AI is so wise that it can treat people with medical problems.
D．It’s expected that AI will help those speechless exchange ideas.
5．What can be the best title for the text?
A．High Risks of Using AI. B．Mind-Reading Development.
C．Importance of Human Brain. D．Ways of Improving Technology.
训练题06【2023·四川达州·中考真题】
Weekends, air conditioners (空调), takeouts… are all common things for modern people. Have
you ever wondered if ancient people enjoyed the same lifestyles? Let’s take a look.
No weekendsIn ancient China, there were no weekends because people did not use a weekly
calendar. But they could still relax after work. During the Han Dynasty, officers took one day off
every five days. During the Tang Dynasty, officers worked for ten days and rested for one day. There
were also many public holidays in ancient times, such as Spring Festival, winter solstice and Mid-
Autumn Festival. People like farmers and businessmen usually worked most of the year, but even
the most hard-working people would take a few days off during Spring Festival.
Smart ways of staying coolIn ancient times, though people didn’t have air conditioners, they
had their own ways to get through the hot summer. People collected ice blocks in winter and stored
them in an icehouse. When summer came, people could take the ice blocks home and use them to
make their rooms cooler.
There was a kind of pillow (枕头) made of porcelain (瓷器) that felt pleasantly cool. Ancient
people also made bamboo into bed mats (垫子) to sleep on. They’re still used today.
Takeouts not a new thingThere was takeout as far back as the Song Dynasty. In the famous
Song Dynasty painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), a takeout
worker can be seen with food in hand.
People at the time even had special meal boxes for takeout dishes. They also used warming
plates made of two layers (层) of porcelain. Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes
warm.
1．Why were there no weekends in ancient times?
A．Because ancient people were more hard-working than modern ones.
B．Because ancient people didn’t use a weekly calendar.
C．Because the emperors didn’t allow their people to have a rest.
D．Because ancient people wanted to make more money.
2．How many ways are mentioned to stay cool in ancient China in the passage?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
3．How did people in ancient times keep takeout dishes warm?
A．They put hot water between plates.
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B．They lit candles under the dishes.
C．They covered the dishes with thick cloth.
D．They walked fast to deliver (送) the dishes.
4．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．In ancient China, people like farmers and businessmen worked all year round.
B．Ancient people used bed mats made of silk to stay cool.
C．Along the River During the Qingming Festival was painted in Song Dynasty.
D．Modern people still have the same lifestyles as ancient people.
5．Where can we read this passage probably?
A．In a novel. B．In a science book.
C．In a history magazine. D．In a cooking book.
训练题07【2022·湖北荆门·中考真题】
Founded in 1987 in Shenzhen, Huawei is a leading provider of information and
communications technology(ICT) around the world. With more than 195,000 workers, the
company runs in more than 170 countries and areas, serving more than three billion people.
As we all know, there are two operating systems(操作系统) used in smartphones, Android
OS and iOS. For a very long time, most of the smartphones have been depending on Android OS,
including Huawei’s smartphones. Now things are changing. Huawei has been creating its own
operating system—HarmonyOS or Hongmeng in Chinese. Hongmeng is a word from the Chinese
mythology(神话), symbolizing(象征) the world before HarmonyOS was created. So it means
starting from the very beginning.
First known to the public in 2019, HarmonyOS is an operating system for different
devices(设备). It has already been used in Huawei watches, laptops and so on over the years. In
December 2020, a beta version(测试版) of HarmonyOS for smartphones came out. Half a year
later in June 2021, Huawei launched its self﹣developed HarmonyOS for smartphones.
Chinese tech lovers have long been looking forward to the operating system developed by
ourselves. Industries including tourism, education, home devices and sports have also welcomed
HarmonyOS.
At present, Huawei encourages people to test the system. The company expects the number
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of devices using HarmonyOS to reach 300 million by the end of the year. It’s hoped that
HarmonyOS will be a great mobile ecosystem.
1．What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A．Huawei has a history of 45 years.
B．There are 170,000 workers in Huawei.
C．Huawei was started in the capital city of China.
D．Over three billion people are using Huawei products.
2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to(指的是)?
A．The world. B．iOS. C．Android OS. D．HarmonyOS.
3．Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ________.
A．the development of HarmonyOS
B．the efforts made by the company
C．the difficulty in developing the system
D．the reasons for developing the system
4．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．The History of Huawei. B．Huawei and Its HarmonyOS.
C．HarmonyOS for Smartphones. D．Different Kinds of Operating Systems.
训练题08【2022·山东东营·中考真题】
Do you know you have more than 600 muscles (肌肉) in your body? These muscles have
different jobs. Keeping your muscles healthy will help you be able to walk, run, jump and do all
the things you love to do.
What kind of muscles do you have
When you think about your muscles, you probably think about the ones you can control.
These are your voluntary (随意的) muscles. They are connected to your bones (骨骼) and work
together with your bones to help you walk, run, pick up things or ride a bicycle. The muscles of
your mouth and throat even help you talk! But there are also muscles you can’t control. They are
your involuntary (不随意的) muscles, such as your heart muscle and smooth muscles.
Why are healthy muscles important
Healthy muscles let you move freely and keep your body strong. They also help to keep your
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joints (关节) in good shape. If the muscles around your knee, for example, get weak, you will
more probably injure (伤害) that knee. Healthy muscles also help you keep your balance, so you
less probably fall.
How do you keep your muscles healthy
·Get at least 60 minutes of physical exercise every day. There are lots of activities you can do
for your muscles. Walking, jumping, dancing and swimming are all good ways.
·Eat healthily. It will help manage your weight and provide different kinds of nutrients (营
养素) for your muscles and health. For example, if you don’t get enough iron, you may feel weak
and tired, because your muscles don’t get enough oxygen (氧气).
·Prevent injuries. There are many ways to help prevent muscle injuries. For example, doing
warm-up exercises before exercising may make the muscles warmer. Don’t try to “play through
the pain.” If something starts to hurt, STOP exercising or playing. When you lift something heavy,
keep your back straight and bend (弯曲) your knees to lift it. This will protect the muscles in
your back. Remember to drink lots of water while exercising, especially in warm weather. If your
body’s water level gets too low, you could get dizzy (晕眩的) or even pass out.
1．Which of the following muscles are involuntary muscles?
A．Leg muscles. B．Mouth muscles.
C．Throat muscles. D．Smooth muscles.
2．If the muscles around your knee are weak, you could _________.
A．pass out B．get dizzy
C．injure the joint there D．feel weak and tired
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．If your legs start to hurt, keep on exercising.
B．Eating healthily can only manage your weight.
C．Walking can give your muscles good exercise.
D．Lifting heavy things can’t injure your back muscles.
4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?
A．Different kinds of muscles. B．The way to treat injured muscles.
C．The way to have healthy muscles. D．The importance of healthy muscles.
5．We may find this passage _________.
A．in a health magazine B．on a music website
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C．in a travel newspaper D．in a geography book
训练题09【2022·重庆璧山·一模】
Pollution inside homes and other buildings kills more than 4 million people each year. Many
people die as a result of breathing smoke or from cooking over wood powered or coal powered
stoves.
One way to reduce the number of deaths is through cooking equipment (设备) powered by
the sun. Crosby Menzies, a solar power expert in a South African company, described his latest
solar cooker called the “Sol 4”. “It is four square meters of mirrors, six to eight meters in length. It
is quite a large cooker.”
The “Sol 4” works by reflecting (反射) light from the sun off large mirrors. The mirrors
direct (把……对准) the light at a cooking pan. Then the light heats the pan with solar energy.
Within two minutes, the pan is hot enough to cook sausages and onions. In just four minutes,
water can be boiled. That is as fast as cooking with natural gas or electricity.
The cooker is also much “friendlier” than other models because people do not have to stand
in the sun to use it. And people can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or spend
money on coal. Such individuals would be less likely to have breathing illnesses from harmful
smoke.
At present, the cooker only works when the sun is shining. But engineers are working on a
way to make it work without sunlight.
Each cooker costs about $2,000, which is a large amount of money for most Africans. To
solve that problem, Crosby Menzies has created a nongovernmental (非官方) organization called
Solar Cookers for Africa. It plans to raise money through donations (捐款) to provide poor people
with solar cooking equipment.
1．The writer starts the passage by ________.
A．comparing facts B．sharing experiences
C．listing numbers D．giving reasons
2．The underlined word “individuals” most probably means “________”.
A．cookers B．people C．mirrors D．experts
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3．Which of the following about the “Sol 4” is TRUE ?
A．It is six to eight square meters of mirrors.
B．It can work in any weather condition now.
C．It can also heat the pan by lighting firewood.
D．It is more environment-friendly than other cookers.
4．From the passage, we can infer that ________.
A．the “Sol 4” will be designed in a smaller size
B．more Africans can use the solar cookers in the future
C．the “Sol 4” is the first product of the South African company
D．the African government will provide poor people with solar cooker
训练题10【2022·内蒙古·模拟预测】
To prevent the spread of COVID-19, different countries take different measures. Most of
them copy China’s successful measures. It means people are not allowed to go out of their doors
without the permission (许可) from the government. Let’s see some unusual ways of locking
down and quarantining (隔离).
Panama
The central American country, which has had close to 1,000 confirmed (确诊) cases, has announced strict
quarantine measures to people. From April 1st, people will be able to be away from their homes for two
hours at a time, and on different ways. No one will be allowed to go out on Sundays.
ColombiaIn some Colombian towns, people are allowed outside based on the last number of their
national ID number. For example, people in Barrancabermeja with an ID number ending in 0, 7 or 4 are
allowed to leave the house on Mondays, while those with an ID number ending in 1,8 or 5 can go outside
on Tuesdays.
SwedenUnlike its neighbors, Sweden is pretty relaxed about COVID-19, even though there are close
to 4,500 confirmed cases in this small country. The government hopes people will behave sensibly, and
believes they will do the right things. Gatherings of more than 50 people aren’t allowed on Sundays, but
schools for children under the age of 16 remain open. Restaurants can still offer table service as usual.
根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。
1．Which country’s measures are copied by other countries according to the passage?
A．Panama’s. B．Colombia’s. C．Sweden’s. D．China’s.
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
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A．In China, the government allows people to go out whenever they want.
B．In Panama, people can be away from their homes for three hours every day.
C．In Colombia, people with an ID number ending in 5 can leave the house on Mondays.
D．In Sweden, people can eat in the restaurants as usual.
3．How many confirmed cases were there in Panama when it took strict quarantine measures?
A．Less than 16. B．More than 50.
C．Close to 1,000. D．Close to 4,500.
4．What does the underline word “sensibly” mean?
A．明智地 B．礼貌地 C．快速地 D．宽容地
5．Where is the passage probably from?
A．A game show. B．A news report.
C．A school survey. D．A family letter.
答案&解析
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训练题01【2023·湖南怀化·中考真题】
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了冬季的6个节气。
1．细节理解题。根据“And there are six solar terms in winter.”可知，冬天有六个节气，
故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the ‘Small
Spring Festival’. People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day.”可知，通常在
这一天吃饺子和羊肉汤，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow
usually falls on December 7th or 8th.”可知，大雪通常在12月7日或8日，故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据“And there are six solar terms in winter. They are beginning of winter,
light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice (冬至), lesser cold (小寒) and greater cold”可知，本文
主要介绍了冬季的6个节气，故选B。
训练题02【2023·江苏徐州·中考真题】
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了花蝇的外观、生理构造及生活习性等。
1．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了花蝇的相关知识，应该在杂志的“自
然”部分看到此文章。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Bees fold(折叠) their wings onto their backs when they stop flying.
But this insect’s wings reach out like a fly’s. That’s because it is a fly—a flower fly.”可知，蜜
蜂停止飞行时把翅膀叠在背上，但花蝇的翅膀却是伸出来。故两者的不同之处在于停止
飞行时翅膀的形状。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据“Insect eaters, such as some birds and frogs, need to get stung only once
to know that stripes mean trouble. Flower flies can’t sting, but insect eaters see the stripes and
leave the flies alone.”可知，带有黄色和黑色条纹的昆虫通常有刺，花蝇身上有黄黑条纹，
虽然它身上没有刺，但是一些以昆虫为食的动物看到花蝇身上的条纹就会远离花蝇，故
划线部分意为“远离花蝇”。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“Is it a bee? It lands on a flower, and you take a closer look.”及“Many
flower flies look like bees.”可知，花蝇的外观和生活习性与蜜蜂有些相似，所以人们有时
会把花蝇误认为蜜蜂。故选B。
训练题03【2023·湖北随州·中考真题】
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C
【导语】本文主要是介绍如何正确洗手。
1．推理判断题。根据“How do you know the length (长度) of 15-20 seconds? You can sing
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ABC Song.”可知可以通过唱歌知道洗手的时间，故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据“You can sing ABC Song. By the time you get to the last note, your
hands will be clean!”可知，唱到最后一个音符，手就洗好了，可推测“note”意为“音
符”，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“Always use soap to wash your hands.”，“You should wash your
hands for 15-20 seconds.”和“Rub your hands together.”可知，并没有提到用干净的毛巾擦
干手，故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据“Many illnesses are caused by germs, so you should often wash your
hands.”可知，细菌可以导致很多疾病，所以要勤洗手，说明我们可以知道为什么要经常
洗手，故选A。
5．主旨大意题。根据“Do you know how to wash your hands correctly?”以及下文介绍的
洗手方法可知，本文主要是介绍如何正确洗手，故选C。
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训练题04【2023·山东滨州·中考真题】
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了好奇心是人类天性的一部分，好奇心有很多优点，并介绍了如
何培养好奇心。
1．细节理解题。根据“Children are known for wanting answers to many questions because
curiosity (好奇心) is part of human nature”可知孩子喜欢问问题，因为好奇心是人类天性的
一部分。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“You will be good at them because you enjoy the process of learning.”
可知好奇心会帮助你喜欢学习的过程。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“To improve your curiosity, get information from as many sources (来
源) as possible when you learn about a topic”可知为了提高你的好奇心，当你了解一个话题
时，从尽可能多的来源获取信息。故选D。
4．词义猜测题。根据“Don’t assume you already know everything. Instead, search for other
possibilities and opinions”可知不要认为你什么都知道，相反，寻找其他可能性和看法，
故此处划线部分意为“认为”，和think意义相近。故选B。
5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了好奇心是人类天性的一部分，好奇心有很多优点，并
介绍了如何培养好奇心，故本文以“尽力保持好奇心”为标题最合适。故选A。
训练题05【2023·福建·中考真题】
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍科学家开发出一种读心的方法，将未说出口的想法转
化为书面文字。
1．代词指代题。分析“They used artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能). It is the name given
to a computer system that is able to ‘think’ for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human
intelligence.”可知，他们使用了人工智能，它是一种计算机系统的名称，它能够自己“思
考”，并执行通常需要人类智能才能完成的任务。此处It指的是AI，故选D。
2．段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍这种特殊的扫描仪的实验过程，
故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“For example, it turned ‘I don’t have my driver’s license yet’ into ‘She
has not even started to learn to drive yet.’ It could usually understand the meaning of what
someone was thinking rather than the exact words.”可知，例如，它把“我还没有驾照”变成
了“她甚至还没有开始学开车。”它通常能理解人们在想什么，而不是确切的话语。故
选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“Scientists have developed a way to read minds, translating unspoken
thoughts into written words.”和“The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical
conditions, who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak, to communicate once again.”可
知，可以将将未说出口的想法转化为书面文字，科学家们希望它能帮助那些患有某些疾
病的人，那些仍然清醒但失去了说话能力的人，再次与人交流。由此可知，预计人工智
能将帮助那些哑口无言的人交流思想。故选D。
5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍科学家开发出一种读心的方法，将未说出口的想法转化
为书面文字。选项B“读心术的发展”符合主题，故选B。
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训练题06【2023·四川达州·中考真题】
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍古代人的生活方式。
1．细节理解题。根据“In ancient China, there were no weekends because people did not use
a weekly calendar.”可知，在中国古代，没有周末，因为人们不使用周历。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“People collected ice blocks in winter and stored them in an icehouse.
When summer came, people could take the ice blocks home and use them to make their rooms
cooler. There was a kind of pillow (枕头) made of porcelain (瓷器) that felt pleasantly cool.
Ancient people also made bamboo into bed mats (垫子) to sleep on.”可知，文章提到了三种
中国古代保持凉爽的方法，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“They also used warming plates made of two layers (层) of porcelain.
Hot water could be put between them to keep dishes warm.”可知，他们还使用由两层瓷器制
成的加热板，可以在它们之间放热水来保持盘子的温暖。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据“In the famous Song Dynasty painting Along the River During the
Qingming Festival”可知，《清明上河图》绘于宋代，故选C。
5．推理判断题。本文介绍古代人的生活方式，由此推知可能在历史杂志上看到这篇文
章，故选C。
训练题07【2022·湖北荆门·中考真题】
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了华为公司自主研发的鸿蒙系统。
1．细节理解题。根据“With more than 195,000 workers, the company runs in more than 170
countries and areas, serving more than three billion people.”可知，华为公司拥有19.5万多名
员工，业务遍及170多个国家和地区，为30多亿人提供服务。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据“Hongmeng is a word from the Chinese mythology(神话),
symbolizing(象征) the world before HarmonyOS was created. So it means starting from the
very beginning.”可知，鸿蒙是中国神话中的一个词，象征着鸿蒙系统创建之前的世界，
所以这意味着从头开始。此处it指的是“鸿蒙系统”。故选D。
3．段落大意题。分析第三段内容可知，本段介绍了鸿蒙系统的发展，故选A。
4．最佳标题题。分析文章内容可知，本文主要介绍华为公司自主研发的鸿蒙系统。故
选B。
训练题08【2022·山东东营·中考真题】
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文介绍了肌肉的相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据“But there are also muscles you can’t control. They are your
involuntary (不随意的) muscles, such as your heart muscle and smooth muscles.”可知，有你
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无法控制的肌肉，它们是你的不随意肌，比如你的心脏肌肉和平滑肌，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“If the muscles around your knee, for example, get weak, you will
more probably injure (伤害) that knee.”可知，如果你膝盖周围的肌肉变得虚弱，你就更有
可能伤到膝盖，故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“Get at least 60 minutes of physical exercise every day. There are lots
of activities you can do for your muscles. Walking, jumping, dancing and swimming are all
good ways.”可知，散步也可以很好地锻炼肌肉。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“What kind of muscles do you have”；“Why are healthy muscles
important”以及“How do you keep your muscles healthy”可知，文中没有提到治疗肌肉受
伤的方法，故选B。
5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了肌肉的相关信息。结合选项，文章最可能
出现在健康杂志上。故选A。
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训练题09【2022·重庆璧山·一模】
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种可以通过太阳能来烹饪的设备及其工作原理。目前，该设
备只是在阳光灿烂的时候工作，但工程师们正在努力工作，使它在没有阳光的情况下也
能工作。
1．细节理解题。根据“Pollution inside homes and other buildings kills more than 4 million
people each year.”（家庭和其他建筑物内的污染每年导致400多万人死亡。）可知作者以
列举数字开始这篇文章。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据“And people can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or
spend money on coal.”及“would be less likely to have breathing illnesses from harmful
smoke.”可知，这里的individuals是主语，表示使用这种灶具的people“人”也不太可能因
有害烟雾而患呼吸疾病。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“The cooker is also much ‘friendlier’ than other models because
people do not have to stand in the sun to use it. And people can prepare meals without having to
collect firewood or spend money on coal. Such individuals would be less likely to have
breathing illnesses from harmful smoke.”（这种炊具也比其他型号“友好”得多，因为人
们不用站在阳光下使用它。人们可以在不必捡柴火或花钱买煤的情况下做饭。这些人不
太可能因有害烟雾而患上呼吸疾病。）可知，这种新灶具比其他炊具更环保。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据“To solve that problem, Crosby Menzies has created a
nongovernmental (非官方) organization called Solar Cookers for Africa. It plans to raise
money through donations (捐款) to provide poor people with solar cooking equipment.”（为了
解决这个问题，克罗斯比·孟基斯创建了一个名为“非洲太阳能炊具”的非官方组织。它
计划通过捐赠筹集资金，为穷人提供太阳能烹饪设备。）可以推断出未来会有更多的非
洲人用上太阳能炊具。故选B。
训练题10【2022·内蒙古·模拟预测】
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文介绍了如何防止新冠病毒的传播。
1．细节理解题。根据“Most of them copy China’s successful measures.”可知，中国的措施
被其他国家效仿了。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Restaurants can still offer table service as usual.”可知，在瑞典，人
们可以像往常一样在餐馆吃饭。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“The central American country, which has had close to 1,000
confirmed (确诊) cases, has announced strict quarantine measures to people.”可知，这个中美
洲国家已经有近1000例确诊病例，已宣布对人们采取严格的隔离措施。故选C。
4．词义猜测题。根据“and believes they will do the right things.”相信他们会做正确的事
情可知，这里的sensibly应该是“明智地”的意思。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据“Let’s see some unusual ways of locking down and quarantining (隔
离).”及下文的介绍可知，本文应该来自于新闻报道。故选B。
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