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外研版 必修第一册 Unit 4 Friends forever
译林版 选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 Understanding each other
北师大版 选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 Relationships
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．friction n．争执；摩擦
2．integrate vt.& vi.(使)合并；(使)加入
3．pessimistic adj.悲观的，悲观主义的
4．extraordinary adj.令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的
5．mate n．朋友，伙伴
6．straightforward adj.坦诚的；简单的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．maintain v．保持，维持
2．partner n．伙伴，搭档
3．personality n．个性，性格
4．manner n．方式，方法
5．delay vi.& vt.推迟，延期 n．延迟；延期
6．plain adj.简单的，朴素的；清楚的 n．平原
7．handle vt.处理(难题)；应付(局面) n．把手
8．bend(bent；bent) vi.& vt.弯腰；俯身
9．somewhat adv.有点，有几分，稍微
10．chase vi.& vt.追赶；努力赢得 n．追逐，追赶
11．upset vt.(upset；upset)使心烦；扰乱；打翻 adj.心烦的；失望的 n．混乱；失望；烦闷
12．gesture n．手势，姿势；姿态，表示 vt.& vi.做手势，用手势示意
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．unfold v．(使)展开，打开→fold v．折叠；可折叠
2．reject vt.拒绝接受，不予考虑；不录用；排斥→rejection n．拒绝
3．reserved adj.含蓄的；内敛的→reserve v．预订(座位等)；保留 n．储备；(动植物)保护
区→reservation n．预订，预约
4．negotiate vt.& vi.谈判；商定，达成(协议)→negotiation n．谈判；协商
5．clarify vt.使清晰易懂，阐明→clarification n．澄清，说明；净化
6．knowledgeable adj.博学的，有见识的→knowledge n．知识，学问
7．social adj.社会的，社交的→socialize(＝socialise) vt.使社会化 vi.交际；参与社交
→sociable adj.好交际的；友善的
8．deliver v．递送，传送；分娩→delivery n．[贸易] 交付；分娩；递送
9．preference n．偏爱，偏好→prefer (preferred；preferred) vt.更喜欢；宁愿
10．stimulation n．刺激→stimulate vt.刺激；鼓舞，激励
11．demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的→demand n．要求；需求 v．强烈要求
12．rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的→rudely adv.无礼地；粗暴地→rudeness n．无礼；粗蛮
13．invitation n．邀请→invite vt.邀请，招待；招致→inviting adj.诱人的；有魅力的
14．dominate vi.& vt.主宰，支配，控制→domination n．控制；支配
15．humour(＝humor) n．幽默感→humorous adj.诙谐的，幽默的→humorously adv.幽默地；
滑稽地
16．occasionally adv.偶尔；偶然→occasion n．时机，机会；场合→occasional adj.偶然的
17．practical adj.实际的；切实可行的→practically adv.实际地；事实上→practice n．实践；
练习；惯例 v．(＝practise)练习；实习
18．distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的→distract vt.转移；分心→distraction n．分
散注意力的事；消遣；心烦意乱
19．grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的→gratefully adv.感激地；感谢地→gratitude n．感激之
情；感谢
20．depressed adj.沮丧的，抑郁的→depressing adj.令人沮丧的→depress vt.压抑；使沮丧
→depression n．沮丧
21．approval n．赞许；同意→approve vt.& vi.赞成；批准，通过(计划、要求
等)→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的→disapprove vt.& vi.不赞成
22．engagement n．参与→engage vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣) vi.参加；参与→engaged adj.忙碌
的；使用中的；已订婚的
23．appointed adj.约定的，指定的→appointment n．约定；约会→appoint vt.任命；指定；
约定
24．bitterly adv.痛苦地，愤怒地→bitter adj.苦的；痛苦的→bitterness n．苦味；苦难；怨恨
25．ashamed adj.感到羞耻的，感到惭愧的→shame n．羞耻，羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的
→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的
26．adopt vi.& vt.收养，领养；采取(某种方法、政策、态度)→adoption n．采用；收养；
选定→adopted adj.收养的，领养的
27．precisely adv.准确地，恰好地；正是，确实→precise adj.精确的；明确的；认真的
28．unmotivated adj.不积极的，不主动的→motivated adj.积极的，主动的→motivation n．
动力，积极性→motivate v．激励，使有动机，激发……的积极性
29．extreme adj.极其的；非常的 n．极端；极限→extremely adv.极其；极度
1．feedback n．反馈意见
2．trait n．特性，特征
3．correspond v．通信；相一致
4．empathy n．同感，共鸣；同情
5．interaction n．互动
6．bilingual adj.会说两种语言的
7．sympathize v．同情；赞同
8．interpersonal adj.人际的；人与人之间的
9．self-conscious adj.难为情的；刻意的
10．insult v．侮辱；辱骂；损害 n．侮辱；无礼
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．hang out闲逛，厮混
2．see sb off 给某人送行
3．show respect for尊重
4．on behalf of sb 代表某人
5．call up/ring up给……打电话
6．associate with sb 与某人来往
7．be concerned about关心，挂念
8．communicate with与……交流
9．keep company with和……结交
10．be ready to do sth准备做某事
11．turn down关小，调低；拒绝
12．conflict with 与……冲突或抵触
13．get along/on well with与……关系良好
14．open up (to sb)直抒胸臆；畅所欲言
15．share feelings and ideas with与……分享感受和观点16．put oneself in sb’s shoes 处于某人的境地，设身处地
17．lose track of不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态
18．thanks to多亏了
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．since引导的时间状语从句
I have been exposed to foreign teachers since I was five years old，so I can communicate freely
with others in English.从5岁起我就接触外教，因此，我能够用英语和其他人自由交流。
2．not...but...不是……而是……
It’s a good idea for teens to surround themselves with positive role models—people who don’t
make fun of them，but accept them and are confident themselves.
对青少年来说，让他们周围的人都是积极的榜样是个好主意——这些人不会取笑他们，而是
接受他们，对自己有信心。
3．can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事
While shopping，people sometimes can’t help being persuaded into buying something they
don’t really need.
在购物时，人们有时禁不住被说服买一些他们并不真正需要的东西。
4．do强调谓语动词
We have kept in touch with each other for ten years since we got in touch ten years ago and I do
believe that we will never lose touch with each other.
自十年前取得联系以来，我们已经保持联系十年了，我真的相信我们永远不会失去联系。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共3分)
1．pessimistic adj.悲观的，悲观主义的
2．extraordinary adj.令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的
3．straightforward adj.坦诚的；简单的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共8分)
1．maintain v．保持，维持
2．manner n．方式，方法
3．delay vi.& vt.推迟，延期 n．延迟；延期
4．handle vt.处理(难题)；应付(局面) n．把手
5．bend vi.& vt.弯腰；俯身
6．chase vi.& vt.追赶；努力赢得 n．追逐，追赶
7．upset vt.使心烦；扰乱；打翻 adj.心烦的；失望的 n．混乱；失望；烦闷
8．gesture n．手势，姿势；姿态，表示 vt.& vi.做手势，用手势示意Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共24分)
1．deliver v．递送，传送；分娩→delivery n．[贸易] 交付；分娩；递送
2．knowledgeable adj.博学的，有见识的→knowledge n．知识，学问
3．grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的→gratefully adv.感激地；感谢地→gratitude n．感激之
情；感谢
4．reject vt.拒绝接受，不予考虑；不录用；排斥→rejection n．拒绝
5．negotiate vt.& vi.谈判；商定，达成(协议)→negotiation n．谈判；协商
6．demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的→demand n．要求；需求 v．强烈要求
7．humour n．幽默感→humorous adj.诙谐的，幽默的→humorously adv.幽默地；滑稽地
8．engagement n．参与→engage vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣) vi.参加；参与→engaged adj.忙碌
的；使用中的；已订婚的
9．bitterly adv.痛苦地，愤怒地→bitter adj.苦的；痛苦的→bitterness n．苦味；苦难；怨恨
10．ashamed adj.感到羞耻的，感到惭愧的→shame n．羞耻，羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的
→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的
11．unmotivated adj.不积极的，不主动的→motivation n．动力，积极性→motivate v．激励，
使有动机，激发……的积极性
12．extreme adj.极其的；非常的 n．极端；极限→extremely adv.极其；极度
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．correspond v．通信；相一致
2．empathy n．同感，共鸣；同情
3．bilingual adj.会说两种语言的
4．interpersonal adj.人际的；人与人之间的
5．self-conscious adj.难为情的；刻意的
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．see sb off 给某人送行
2．show respect for 尊重
3．call up/ring up 给……打电话
4．associate with sb 与某人来往
5．be concerned about 关心，挂念
6．keep company with 和……结交
7．be ready to do sth 准备做某事
8．conflict with 与……冲突或抵触
9．lose track of 不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态
10．thanks to 多亏了Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分)
1．This means that if we feel depressed，we should learn to accept our feelings of depression.
(depress)
2．I went there at the invitation of my friends.The sight of the inviting melon set me watering.
(invite)
3．I must offer him an apology for my rudeness because I hung up his phone rudely yesterday.
(rude)
4．Occasionally，I read novels and on other occasions I read newspapers.(occasion)
5．The expert offered me some practical advice when my essay was practically finished.
(practice)
6．Tom，an adopted child，was adopted at the age of four and his success in life was largely due
to the adoption.(adopt)
7．To her delight，she got an appointment with the director at the appointed place.(appoint)
8．Tom had hoped to meet with the manager’s approval and from the manager’s expression，
he knew that his plan was approved.(approve)
9．When it comes to where to live，my sister prefers to live in big cities while I have a
preference for the country life.(prefer)
10．Neither of us seeks domination of the other，nor do we want to be dominated.(dominate)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2.5分，共15分)
hang out，turn down，on behalf of，communicate with，put oneself in sb’s shoes，get along
well with
1．I don’t know how to get along well with American students because we have different
cultures and it makes me very worried.
2．Always put yourself in others ’ shoes ；if you feel that it hurts you，it probably hurts other
persons too.
3．I’m sorry to turn down the invitation to go out with you this weekend，because I have just
been informed that I’ll have an important meeting to attend.
4．I’m honored to be here to extend a warm welcome to you on behalf of our school.
5．People will remember you in no time and want to talk to you and，most likely，hang out to get
to know you better.
6．I think it important to communicate with our family members face to face，which helps build
a harmonious family atmosphere.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2.5分，共10分)
1．自从我在北京旅游时遇见他，我一直和他保持着联系。(since引导的时间状语从句)
I have been/kept/stayed in touch with him since I met him when I traveled in Beijing.
2．重要的不是你说了什么，而是你是否采取了行动。(not...but...)What matters is not what you say but whether you have taken action.
3．让他高兴的是，他的朋友自愿帮助他提高数学，他的确相信他会很快取得进步。(强调谓
语动词)
To his joy，his friend volunteers to help him improve maths and he does believe that he will make
progress rapidly.
4．听到奥运赛场响起的国歌时，他禁不住流下了幸福的泪水。(can’t help doing...)
At the sound of the national anthem at the Olympic stadium， he couldn ’ t help shedding tears of
happiness.
There was a time 1.when I was upset about some small things and it’s extremely difficult
to get along well with my parents.So I should find a solution to relaxing 2.myself(I) without
delay.At the invitation of a good friend，I 3.packed(pack) my things and reserved a train ticket
to Hainan.The moment I saw my good friend，half of my worries disappeared.We went to the
beach 4.to enjoy(enjoy) the beautiful scenery and then we came into a coffee shop just for a chat.It
was 5.a pleasure to talk with him.He was so lively,6.humorous(humour) and sociable，which
made it 7.relaxing(relax) to communicate with him.My friend’s 8.optimism(optimistic)
somewhat inspired me，and my depression 9.was swept(sweep) away by his motivation.It was
because I had such a friend 10.that I wasn’t upset and didn’t feel lonely any longer.Not until
then did I really realize the value of friends.
upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；不安的；不适的 vt.(upset，upset)使不安；使心烦；打翻；
打乱
•be upset about/over/at sth 为某事心烦
be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安
•What upsets sb is...让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb to do sth/that...做某事让某人心烦/让某人心烦的是……
(1)I am quite upset to hear(hear) that his father hasn’t recovered from the operation.
(2)The author was upset about/over/at the conference because no one kept in mind his tips about
online safety.
(3)她申请公司的职位被拒绝了，这让她感到很沮丧。
①Her application for a position in the company was turned down，which made her very upset.(非
限制性定语从句；upset adj.)
②What upset her was that her application for a position in the company was turned down.(what引
导的主语从句；upset vt.)③It upset her that her application for a position in the company was turned down.(it作形式主语；
upset vt.)
deliver vt.递送，传递；发表(演说等)；分娩(delivery n．传递，递送，传送)
deliver...to...把……递送给某人/递送到某地(deliver后不跟双宾语)
be delivered of(＝give birth to)分娩，生……
(1)As long as you’ve paid in advance，you won’t be charged for delivery(deliver)．
(2)我们对西方艺术很好奇，所以想请你做一个关于西方艺术历史的演讲。(应用文写作之邀
请信)
We are curious about Western art，so we’d like you to deliver a speech about the history of it.
(3)青少年们爬上几十层楼梯，为被困在高层建筑中的老人们送去水和食物。
Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in
high-rise buildings.
grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的(gratitude n．感激之情；感谢)
be grateful that...感激……
be grateful to sb for sth 因某事而感激某人
be grateful to do sth 因做某事而感激
I would be grateful if you could do...如果你能做……，我将不胜感激。
(1)I am writing to express my gratitude(grateful) for what you have done for me.(应用文写作之感
谢信)
(2)From the learning experience，I am grateful to my grandmother，who made me fully
understand that determination，bravery and hard work can carry me through tough times.
(3)我认为我有资格成为一名志愿者。如果您能给我一次机会，我将非常感激。(应用文写作
之求职信)
I think I am qualified to be a volunteer.I would be grateful if you could give me a chance.
approval n．赞成；认可(approve vt.批准；认可；通过vi.赞成；赞同 approving adj.赞
成的；同意的)
•give one’s approval to赞同，批准
•approve of (sb/one’s) doing sth 赞同(某人)做某事
(1)After hearing the proposal，all people present rose from their chairs and applauded，nodding in
approval(approve)．
(2)The professor made no comment on the speech but gave an approving(approve) nod.
(3)如果您能批准我们筹集资金的提议，我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之建议信)
I would appreciate it if you could approve our proposal to raise money/if you could give yourapproval to our proposal to raise money.
(4)我的父亲同意我们制作一个视频来记录我们在夏令营的经历，在那里我们度过了美好的
时光。
My father approved of us/our making a video to record our experiences at the summer camp where
we had a great time.
engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用；聘请；从事(engaged adj.
忙于；从事于；已订婚的；占线的；使用中的 engagement n．订婚；婚约；约会)
•engage sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事
engage (sb) in (使某人)从事；参与
•be engaged to sb 与某人订婚
be engaged in忙于；从事于
(1)Much to our surprise，Mary will be engaged to Tom，and their engagement(engage) attracts
many people’s attention.
(2)No one can deny the fact that no one can engage children to do(do) any work.
(3)尽管你忙于你的学习，你也应该抽出一些时间来参加户外运动。
①Although you are engaged in your study，you should set aside some time to engage (yourself)
in outdoor activities.
② Although engaged in your study ， you should set aside some time to engage (yourself) in
outdoor activities.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
ashamed adj.感到羞愧的；感到惭愧的(shame n．羞耻；羞愧；让人遗憾的事
shameful adj.可耻的 shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的)
•be/feel ashamed of...为……感到羞耻
be ashamed to do sth 羞于/耻于做某事
•It’s a shame that...……真让人遗憾。
What a shame/pity！真遗憾！
(1)It is a shame that my plan to negotiate with the manager about the project hasn’t been
approved.
(2)听到他们的话，我是如此羞愧，以至于我感觉心如刀绞，眼泪模糊了我的双眼。(读后续
写之羞愧心理描写)
①Hearing what they said，I was so ashamed that I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart，
tears clouding my eyes.(用so...that...句型)
②Hearing what they said，so ashamed was I that I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart，tears
clouding my eyes.(用so...that...句型的倒装形式改写)
hang out挂出；闲逛•hang out with与……出去玩；与……闲逛
hang on to...坚持下去；握住不放
hang around闲荡；徘徊
hang up 挂断电话；搁置，拖延
•get the hang of 得知……的窍门；熟悉某物的用法
(1)用hang短语的正确形式填空
①It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
②His parents told me that he used to skip lessons and hang around the harbour with his mates.
③However，when she hung up，she regretted the way she had handled the call.
④Teaming up with his partners on the difficult problem，he soon got the hang of it and worked
out the problem.
(2)屋顶上还有一个区域，夏天的时候可以和其他游客一起出去玩。(2021·新课标Ⅰ)
There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
since引导的时间状语从句 I have been exposed to foreign teachers since I was five
years old，so I can communicate freely with others in English.从5岁起我就接触外教，因此，
我能够用英语和其他人自由交流。
•since引导的时间状语从句中，主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，since从句用一般
过去时。
•句型：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...自从……以来已经多长时间了。
(1)As far as I know，it is/has been(be) three years since we were reunited with each other last
time.
(2)自从我大学毕业后，我一直梦想着环游世界。
Since I graduated from university，I have been dreaming of traveling all over the world.
(3)自从我来到这个新学校，已经一个月了，我真的想和你们分享一些我一直在经历的问题。
It ’ s been a month since I came to this new school and I really want to share with you some of the
problems I have been experiencing.
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．handle
A.n.拉手；把手 B.v.操纵 C.v.应付；处理 D.v.触碰，拿
(1)Tea in China is traditionally drunk from cups without handles. A
(2)Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance. B(3)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.(2022·全国
甲)
D
(4)If you do，you won’t be able to handle it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant
scene and that ruins everyone’s day.(2020·全国Ⅲ) C
2．gesture
(1)Melanie nodded her head and gestured toward the boy that it was time to go. C
(2)They sent some flowers as a gesture of sympathy to the parents of the child. A
(3)I was very upset and started to make gestures，but the waiter didn’t understand me. B
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine
faced.(2023·全国乙) 从事 ( 医务工作、法律专业等 ) ，执业
(2)Rita’s husband is away for a week，so I’d go over and keep her company.陪伴
(3)Her face is plain，but she has a nice smile.相貌平平的；平常的
(4)To be honest，I will reserve my judgement until I find all the evidence.保留
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Recently，she’s been very depressed and upset about/over/at this whole situation.
2．Now that you have approved of my idea，I will introduce it to you in greater detail.
3．More than ten bridges have been built over the river in this city since it set up a new economic
zone.
4．If the owner doesn’t claim the dog in 48 hours，you can apply for adoption(adopt)．
5．We should appreciate the people who help us gratefully(grateful) in our life.
6．It is a good idea to place your order well in advance as delivery(deliver) can often take months
rather than weeks.
7．Not only I but also he has a preference(prefer) for the bar located in the south of the city.
8．There’s no doubt that your suggestion would get rejected(reject) because it was quite
impractical.
9．It is good manners to shake(shake) hands with those who you meet for the first time.
10．Like running，race walking is physically demanding(demand)，she says.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
11．When meeting with clients，you had better arrive punctually or some time earlier than the
appointed(appoint) time.
12．Dominated(dominate) by an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride at his words，I
simply stood there dumbfounded.(2023·新课标Ⅰ)2022·浙江1月
假定你是李华，在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”活动中结识了爱尔兰朋友Chris，现在他已
回国。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.回忆活动经历；2.分享个人收获；3.希望保持联系。
完成句子
1．虽然你回家已经一周了，但我仍然记得我们在一起度过的愉快时光。(since引导的时间
状语从句)
2．带着由衷的喜悦，我忍不住要和你分享我对“中国—爱尔兰文化节”的真挚感受。
(can’t help doing sth)
3．我很感激你与我分享了关于贵国的有趣的事情，通过这些我了解了很多贵国的食物、文
化和历史。(be grateful to sb for sth)
4．以两国典型文化元素为特色的文化沙龙也展现了两国深厚的历史底蕴。(unfold)
5．我真的希望我们能保持联系，我们的友谊将永远持续下去。(do强调谓语动词)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear Chris，
How is everything going? Although a week has passed since you returned home，I can still
recall the enjoyable time we spent together.With heartfelt delight，I can’t help sharing my sincere
feeling about the China-Ireland Cultural Festival with you.
I am grateful to you for the interesting things you shared with me about your country ，
through which I learned a lot about your food，culture and history.And the culture salon featuringthe typical cultural elements of the two countries also unfolded the two countries’ profound
history.What a feast!
I do hope we can keep in touch with each other and that our friendship will last forever.
Yours，
Li Hua
语料积累 情感细节描写：快乐与兴奋(二)
overjoyed adj.狂喜的 delight v．使高兴 n．高兴→delighted adj.高兴的
单词 pleasure n．高兴，快乐→pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→pleasant adj.令人愉
快的，舒适的
to one’s delight/joy/entertainment令某人高兴的是 be wild with
joy/delight/happiness欣喜若狂 dance/jump for/with joy高兴得跳起舞来/跳
词块
起来 delighted/pleased beyond description高兴得无法形容 grin from ear to
ear 咧嘴大笑
1.The thought of the moments shared with my grandpa filled me with great
joy.(无灵主语句)一想到与爷爷共度的时光，我就充满了喜悦。
2.The children were thrilled/wild with joy at the sight of...孩子们一看到……
就欣喜若狂。
3.Then came a voice far from where we were，bathing us in extreme joy.(倒装
句；现在分词作状语)那时，从远处传来一个声音，使我们沉浸在极大的欢
句型
乐中。
4.A bright smile spread across her face.(无灵主语句)她脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑
容。
5.So overjoyed were we that we danced with joy，with a bright smile
spreading across our faces.(倒装句；with复合结构)我们高兴得手舞足蹈，
脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容。
语料运用 ① The thought of last weekend ’ s activity shared with my friends filled me with great
joy(无灵主语句)．To start with，we had a picnic in the park，pouring out humorous stories and
grinning from ear to ear.Afterward，we played a fun and competitive game of football，②bathing
us in extreme joy(现在分词短语作状语)．I was wild with joy at the sight of everyone’s
enjoying the moment of get-together to their heart’s content.With the sun beginning to set，we
decided to hold a barbecue party.③With a bright smile spreading across our faces(with的复合结
构)，we were grilling and enjoying burgers and hotdogs.Then，we rose to our feet，advanced
towards the grassland and began to sing and dance to the music.We were pleased beyond
description.④So delighted were we that we would never forget this experience(倒装句)．一想到上周末与朋友们分享的活动，我就满是喜悦。首先，我们在公园野餐，滔滔不绝地讲
着幽默的故事，笑得合不拢嘴。之后，我们进行了一场有趣的足球比赛，让我们沉浸在极度
的喜悦中。看到大家尽情地享受欢聚的时刻，我欣喜若狂。随着太阳开始下山，我们决定举
行一次烧烤聚会。脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容，我们在烧烤，享用汉堡和热狗。然后，我们站起
来，向草地走去，开始随着音乐唱歌跳舞。我们高兴得无法形容。我们非常高兴，以至于我
们永远不会忘记这次经历。
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Paul O’Sullivan walked around his apartment in the US city of Baltimore one evening in
2014，feeling bored.Just for fun，he decided to try to find out how many other people on
Facebook shared his name.Moments later，dozens of Paul O’Sullivans filled his screen and he
sent friend requests to them all.
As Baltimore Paul looked through the profiles of the Paul O’Sullivans who accepted his
invitation ， he noticed something four of them had in common ： They were all
musicians.Baltimore Paul had an idea.He asked the other three musical Pauls if they’d like to
form a band called The Paul O’Sullivans.They all agreed.
Starting a band across multiple time zones proved to be nettlesome.Fortunately，Manchester
Paul，a 59-year-old former professional musician knew how to fix that.They would create a kind
of musical assembly line including online sessions.
The Band released its first original song，“Namesake”， in March 2016.But just months
after the song’s release，Baltimore Paul began experiencing health issues that forced him to take
time off from making music.The other Pauls also decided to take a break from the band.But they
didn’t press pause on their friendship.Instead，they made sure Baltimore Paul never felt alone，
even with the long distances between them.They shared family pictures and chatted online.
Finally，after a four-year break，Baltimore Paul was well enough to start making music
again.The first thing the band did was create a music video for “Namesake”，which has now
been watched on YouTube more than 50,000 times.
“It has been a lovely journey that has lasted seven years so far.A four-stop international tour
—one concert in each of our hometowns—would be great，” says Baltimore Paul.
“What are the odds，” he says，“that a random Facebook request would lead not only to
new music but to lasting friendships as well？” “Some things are just meant to be.”
语篇解读 本文为记叙文，讲述了四位名为Paul O’Sullivan的音乐家一起组建乐队，建立
友谊的故事。1．What inspired Baltimore Paul to form a band?
A．His enthusiasm for music.
B．His dream of having an international tour.
C．Four Paul O’Sullivans all being musicians.
D．Friendship among the four Paul O’Sullivans.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由第二段中的“As Baltimore Paul looked through the profiles of the Paul
O’Sullivans who accepted his invitation，he noticed something four of them had in common：
They were all musicians.Baltimore Paul had an idea.”可知，他们都是音乐家，这是启发住在
巴尔的摩的Paul组建乐队的原因。故选C项。
2．What does the underlined word “nettlesome” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Easy. B．Disappointing.
C．Troublesome. D．Interesting.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“Fortunately，Manchester Paul，a 59-year-old former
professional musician knew how to fix that.”可推知，画线词所在句表示“跨越多个时区组建
一个乐队是很麻烦的，棘手的事情。”故选C项。
3．What can be learned from paragraph 4?
A．It never rains but it pours.
B．It’s never too late to mend.
C．One is never too old to learn.
D．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Baltimore Paul began experiencing health issues...But
they didn’t press pause on their friendship.Instead，they made sure Baltimore Paul never felt
alone，even with the long distances between them.They shared family pictures and chatted
online.”可知，由于巴尔的摩的Paul出现了健康问题，他们的乐队被迫中止。但是他们的友
谊并没有暂停，为了不让他觉得孤独，他们分享了家庭照片并在网上聊天，这体现了“患难
见真情”，故选D项。
4．What’s the purpose of the text?
A．To teach how to start a band.
B．To introduce a band united by a name.
C．To show how to make friends online.
D．To introduce a popular online service.
答案 B解析 写作意图题。本文主要讲述了住在巴尔的摩的 Paul一次偶然的好友申请将其与另外
三位与之同名的音乐家聚在一起组建乐队的故事。文章的目的就是介绍一个由名字团结起来
的乐队的故事。故选B项。
B
Are you a good judge of character？Can you make an accurate judgement of someone’s
personality based only on your first impression of them？Interestingly，the answer lies as much in
them as it does in you.
One of the first people to try to identify good judges of character was US psychologist Henry
F Adams in 1927.His research led him to conclude that people fell into two groups—good judges of
themselves and good judges of others.Adams’s research has been widely criticized since then，
but he wasn’t entirely wrong about there being two clearly different types.
More on that in a moment，but first we need to define what a good judge of character is.Is it
someone who can read personality or someone who can read emotion？Those are two different
skills.Emotions such as anger or joy or sadness can generate easily identifiable physical signs.Most
of us would probably be able to accurately identify these signs，even in a stranger.As such，most
of us are probably good judges of emotion.
In order to be a good judge of personality，however，there needs to be an interaction with
the other person，and that person needs to be a “good target”．“Good targets” are people
who reveal relevant and useful signals to their personality.So this means “the good judge” will
only manifest when reading “good targets”．This is according to Rogers and Biesanz in their
2019 journal entitled “Reassessing the good judge of personality”．“We found consistent，
clear and strong evidence that the good judge does exist，” Rogers and Biesanz concluded.But
their key finding is that the good judge does not have magical gifts of perception—they are simply
able to “detect and use the information provided by the good target”．
So，are first impressions really accurate？Well，if you’re a good judge talking to a “good
target”，then it seems the answer is “yes”．And now we know that good judges probably do
exist，more research can be done into how they read personality，what kind of people they are—
and whether their skills can be taught.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，优秀的性格判断者确实存在，他们能够读懂对方
发出的信号并做出正确的判断。
5．What can we learn about Adams from paragraph 2?
A．He is a good judge of character.
B．He divided psychologists into two groups.
C．His research result has been widely accepted.
D．His research on good judges was partially right.答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Adams’s research has been widely criticized since then，
but he wasn’t entirely wrong about there being two clearly different types.”可知，对优秀判断
者的划分并非完全错误，即他的研究是部分正确的。故选D。
6．What does the author think of emotion reading?
A．Annoying. B．Joyful.
C．Simple. D．Strange.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Emotions such as anger or joy...accurately identify these
signs，even in a stranger.”可推知，作者认为情绪判断非常简单。故选C。
7．Which of the following would Rogers and Biesanz agree with?
A．A good target is necessary for personality judgement.
B．A good target needs to get his personality reassessed.
C．A good judge can provide useful signals to our personality.
D．It’s possible to be a good judge just by looking at the other person.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中“In order to be a good judge of personality，however，
there needs to be an interaction with the other person，and that person needs to be a ‘good
target’．..This is according to Rogers and Biesanz”可知，罗杰斯和比桑兹认为一个优秀的判
断者需要有与之相匹配的“好目标”才能表现出来，由此推知，他们会赞同“一个‘好目
标’是性格判断的必要条件”。故选A。
8．What does the author think future research should focus on?
A．The skills of good communicators.
B．The features of good judges.
C．The ways to read personality.
D．The accuracy of first impressions.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And now we know that good judges probably do exist，
more research can be done into how they read personality，what kind of people they are—and
whether their skills can be taught.”可推知，接下来需要研究优秀判断者的技巧、性格特点以
及他们的技巧是否可以被习得等，这些都是好的判断者的特点，也是作者认为未来研究应该
关注的。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·河北唐山期中)
“Dad，just touch the green button! The one with a little picture of a telephone on it！” I
was shouting to my father as I 1 him on how to answer it.
My father is already in his eighties and lives alone.To communicate better and 2 his later
life，I bought him an iPhone，but my father 3 resisted using it.After my repeated attempts of
persuasion，he unwillingly 4 this strange device.
It took my father about a year to learn to answer and make calls.Fortunately，my father’s
tech skills have 5 to FaceTime capability.During a FaceTime call，we had a rather 6
moment.As he couldn’t 7 me well，he held up the screen to his ear.This meant all I saw
was his large 8 .For a long time，I could still 9 Dad’s ear emerging on the screen，
which made me laugh.
Then this past summer I introduced him to Wordle—a popular word puzzle.He caught on fast
and became 10 about it.Now he looks forward to 11 the puzzle as soon as the new game
comes out after midnight.Every morning he sends me a text，telling me the 12 of the
day.This has unexpectedly strengthened our bond.
It is quite 13 that at 89，my father has mastered the iPhone to the level that he can
access and send emails and texts，and even do his banking online.
The 14 to smartphones has been blamed for damaging interpersonal
relationships.However，I can say the iPhone has 15 our relationship.
语篇解读 本文为一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者为了方便80多岁的父亲和他联系，丰富他
的老年生活，给他配备了一部 iPhone手机，并教他如何接听电话，父亲慢慢解锁更多技
能，还痴迷于字谜游戏，但这些都增进了两人之间的关系。
1．A.cheated B．asked
C．coached D．followed
答案 C
解析 根据上文“Dad，just touch the green button! The one with a little picture of a telephone
on it！” 可知，作者在教父亲如何用手机接听电话，coached“指导，教授”符合语境，故
选C项。
2．A.enrich B．fund
C．simplify D．save
答案 A
解析 根据上文“My father is already in his eighties and lives alone.To communicate better
and”可知，作者给父亲买iPhone，以方便交流，使父亲多接触外面的世界，丰富(enrich)生
活。故选A项。
3．A.slightly B．stronglyC．bravely D．successfully
答案 B
解析 根据下文“After my repeated attempts of persuasion，he unwillingly this
strange device.”可知，父亲原本对这个手机很排斥，再三劝说下还不是很情愿接受，
strongly符合语境。故选B项。
4．A.threw B．bought
C．forgot D．accepted
答案 D
解析 根据上文“To communicate better and his later life，I bought him an
iPhone，but my father resisted using it.”可知，强烈反对使用iPhone的父亲在作者
的再三劝说下，才勉强接受了(accepted)手机。故选D项。
5．A.turned B．progressed
C．replied D．contributed
答案 B
解析 根据上文“It took my father about a year to learn to answer and make calls.”可知，在解
锁使用iPhone技能的过程中，作者父亲在进步(progressed)，已经从接电话、打电话到使用
FaceTime聊天，故选B项。
6．A.humorous B．proud
C．urgent D．quiet
答案 A
解析 根据下文“For a long time，I could still Dad’s ear emerging on the screen，
which made me laugh.”可知，在通话中，父亲把耳朵贴在屏幕上聊天的样子令作者发笑，
humorous符合语境。故选A项。
7．A.understand B．see
C．hear D．treat
答案 C
解析 根据下文“he held up the screen to his ear”可知，父亲听(hear)不清，所以要把耳朵贴
近手机屏幕。故选C项。
8．A.eye B．ear
C．mouth D．hand
答案 B
解析 根据上文“As he couldn’t me well，he held up the screen to his ear.”可知，
作者在和父亲FaceTime通话时，看不到父亲的脸，只能看见他的耳朵，故选B项。
9．A.picture B．observe
C．prevent D．mind答案 A
解析 根据上文“During a FaceTime call，we had a rather moment.As he couldn’t
me well，he held up the screen to his ear.This meant all I saw was his large .”可知，
作者和父亲FaceTime通话时，看到的总是父亲的耳朵，所以想象到这个画面，作者会笑，
picture此处为熟词生义，意为“想象”，符合语境。故选A项。
10．A.angry B．cautious
C．crazy D．patient
答案 C
解析 根据下文“Now he looks forward to the puzzle as soon as the new game comes
out after midnight.Every morning he sends me a text，telling me the of the day.”可知，
作者的父亲每天等着公布新游戏，连夜解答词谜，crazy符合语境。故选C项。
11．A.searching for B．testing out
C．paying for D．figuring out
答案 D
解析 根据下文“Every morning he sends me a text，telling me the of the day.”可
知，作者的父亲能在早上发短信告知作者单词，说明他连夜解答谜题，figuring out符合语境。
故选D项。
12．A.word B．news
C．routine D．weather
答案 A
解析 根据上文“Then this past summer...after midnight.”可知，作者的父亲痴迷于字谜游戏
“文字云”，每天想着游戏里的单词，还把每次的答案分享给作者，word符合语境。故选
A项。
13．A.strange B．impressive
C．worrying D．easy
答案 B
解析 根据句中“at 89，my father has mastered the iPhone to the level that he can access and
send emails and texts，and even do his banking online”可知，作者父亲尽管89岁高龄了，但
是对 iPhone使用娴熟，能收发邮件短信，办理网上业务，令人印象深刻(impressive)。故选
B项。
14．A.reform B．resistance
C．addiction D．limitation
答案 C
解析 根据上文“Then this past summer I introduced him to Wordle...after midnight.”可知，作
者的父亲痴迷了一款字谜游戏，对iPhone里的游戏成瘾(addiction)。故选C项。15．A.complicated B．started
C．destroyed D．enhanced
答案 D
解析 根据上文“This has unexpectedly strengthened our bond.”可知，作者的父亲通过使用
手机，反而增进了(enhanced)两人的关系。故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
As is known to all，we 1. (human) are social by nature.The connections we
build with others 2. (be) critical to social，emotional，and physical health.Knowing
how to maintain interpersonal relationships can help you build a support system 3.
provides strength as you cope with life’s challenges.
Interpersonal relationships need openness.4. (maintain) strong bonds with
others，there needs to be a mutual give-and-take 5. it comes to sharing information
with one another.It is through this mutual sharing that you get to know each other.This
process,6.________ (know) as self-disclosure，strengthens bonds and deepens intimacy between
people.Consider how you might feel if someone you care about doesn’t share important
information with you about things that are happening in their life.You might be left 7._______
(feel) that they don’t trust you or that they don’t consider you as a close friend.
Being open doesn’t 8. (necessary) mean you should give others unlimited
access to your thoughts，feelings，or time.Healthy boundaries are also 9. vital
foundation of any strong relationship.It’s important that others respect your boundaries，but it is
just as important for you to respect 10. (they)．Respecting these boundaries shows
that you care about each other’s values，goals，emotions，and needs.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了良好的人际关系的重要性以及坦率和保持适当
的界限有助于维持良好的人际关系。
1．答案 humans
解析 考查名词的数。根据空处在句中作we的同位语以及空后的be动词are可知，空处应
为复数。故填humans。
2．答案 are
解析 考查时态及主谓一致。分析句子可知，本句陈述客观事实，应为一般现在时，主语为
The connections，be动词为复数。故填are。
3．答案 that/which
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，本空为定语从句的关系词，先行词为 a support
system，定语从句中少主语。故填that/which。
4．答案 To maintain
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本空为非谓语，根据句意，应为不定式表目的。空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填To maintain。
5．答案 when
解析 考查连词。when it comes to 为固定短语，意为“就……而言；当提到……时”。故
填when。
6．答案 known
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本空为非谓语作定语，know与所修饰的名词短语
this process之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填known。
7．答案 feeling
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，本空为非谓语作补足语，是leave sb doing sth结构
的被动式，leave在此是使役动词，意为“使处于某种状态”，feel与逻辑主语you之间为主
动关系，应用现在分词。故填feeling。
8．答案 necessarily
解析 考查副词。 修饰后面的动词mean应用副词，另外，“not necessarily”也是固定短
语，意为“未必”。故填necessarily。
9．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。foundation意为“基础”，为可数名词，根据句意可知本空表泛指，且
vital发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
10．答案 theirs
解析 考查代词。分析句子可知，本空为宾语，与上文的your boundaries为并列关系，应用
名词性物主代词。故填theirs。
