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关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
专 题 一
语法知识
语法知语法知识识
第⑤讲 数词
要点归纳思维导图
考向及母题典例
考向1 基数词
基数词的构成
(1)0—12单独记。
(2)13—19的词尾都是teen。
(3)20以上的整十的基数词均以ty结尾。
(4) ＂几十几＂要加连字符号＂-＂。
(5) ＂几百几十＂或者＂几百几十几＂在＂百＂后加and。
(6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律：用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读作
thousand(千)，第二个逗号读作million(百万)，第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。
高考频考点
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用法速记口诀： 有无无，无有有
注释：
有无无：当hundred,thousand,million前有确切数字时，其后无s无of;
无有有：当hundred,thousand,million 前无确切数字时，其后有s有of,表示“成······上······”。
口诀使用范例
We need people to finish the job.
A.hundreds of B. hundred of C. three hundreds D.three hundreds of
选项中涉及hundred/thousand/million后是否加s,后面是否有of时，用此口诀解题。
答案解析：题干无具体数字，根据大招“有无无，无有有”可知，A选项正确，意为“好几百”。
解题坑点
1.审题时不仅要看选项，而且要注意题干的空格前是否有确切的数字。
2.具体数字后有时会加“the+名词复数”，表示有具体范围，如three hundred of the students“这群学生中
的300个人”，此时此大招不适用。
母题 1
（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）Dongjiang Lake is a good place to have fun and ________ tourists go camping
there in summer.
A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundreds of
【答案】C
【详解】句意：东江湖是一个好玩的地方，成百上千的游客夏天去那里露营。
考查大数表达。hundred“百”，可用“基数词+hundred”指具体的数量，也可用hundreds of“数百”表示约数，
空前无具体数字，用hundreds of。故选C。
考向2 序数词
序数词的构成
(1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分别是first, second, third。
(2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth是特殊的拼写外，其余的都在相应基数词后面加
＂th＂构成。如：fourth。
(3)20以上的整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y为i，再加＂-eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth; fifty→fiftieth。
(4)第一百hundredth; 第一千thousandth; 第一百万millionth。
(5)20以上的非整十的基数词变序数词时，只变化个位数。
高考频考点
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用法速记口诀：
基数词变序数词记忆口诀
基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th。
一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t，d，d。
八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，ty将y变成i，th前面有个e。
若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。
整十基数变序数，先把ty变成tie，要是遇上两位数，十位基数，个位序，th最后加上去。
母题 2
（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考中考真题）— This will be my ________ visit to the Sun Island. I’m really
excited.
— Really? I can’t believe it. You’ve been in Harbin for a year.
A．first B．second C．third
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——这将是我第一次访问太阳岛。我真的很兴奋。——真的吗？我简直不敢相信。你来哈
尔滨已经一年了。
考查序数词。first第一；second第二；third第三。根据“I’m really excited”可知因为是第一次去，所以很兴
奋。故选A。
考向3 分数的表达
序数词的构成
分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。
【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法：
►a half 二分之一 a quarter =one fourth 四分之一 three quarters=three fourth 四分之三
英语分数巧记
英语分数不费事，＂母序子基＂四个字。
分子若是大于一，分母还须加-s。
高考频考点
用法速记口诀：子基母序，分子大于1,分母加s.
注释：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分母数大于1时要加s
口诀使用范例
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of the students in our class are going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.
A.Two fifths B.Second fifths C.Two five D.Second five
选项出现基数词、序数词，且题干有分数的表达含义时，用此口诀解题。本题选项出现基数词、序数词混
合，且题干翻译成“五分之二的学生”。
答案解析：根据大招可知，此处分子用基数词two,分母用序数词fifth,由于分子大于1,所以分母加s,故选A.
解题坑点
“分数＋名词”作主语时，注意后面的谓语动词的单复数形式和分数后面的名词保持一致。
母题 3
（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）Nowadays, ________ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ________
of them are adults.
A．the number of; four fifths
B．a number of; four fifths
C．a number of; four fifth
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如今，许多人更喜欢华为手机，其中约五分之四是成年人。
考查形容词短语以及分数表达。the number of……的数量；a number of大量。根据“people like...”可知此处
应指很多人更喜欢华为，用a number of；表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母
用复数，故五分之四表达为four fifths。故选B。
考向4 时间表达法
时刻读法
用法速记口诀：顺读方法最常见，先读小时再分钟；逆读方法分两类，过半用to不到past.
口诀使用范例
－How do you say “6:30” in English?
－ 。
A.Half past six B.Half six C.Six past thirty D.Six half
题干中出现时间类的提示时，用此大招解题。
答案解析：6:30用顺读法表示，为six thirty;逆读法表示，为thirty past six或 half past six,故选A.
解题坑点
1.过了半点可用公式：60-分钟to小时＋1,例如3:40读作twenty to four;半点以内要用
公式：分钟past小时，例如3:20读作 twenty past three.
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2.时刻前的介词用at.
母题 4
（2020·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）—What time is it? —It's half __________ seven.
A．past B．to C．at
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——现在几点了？——七点半了。
考查介词及时间的表达。past过；to到；at指具体的时刻。表示“几点半”用“half + past + 小时”。故选
A。
名校新优子题高分必刷
一、单项选择
名校新优子题必刷 1
（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第十七中学校校考三模）—Do you know July 1st of 2023 is the ________
birthday of the CPC（中国共产党）?
—Of course. Thanks to it, Chinese are pulling together to achieve the second centenary goals.
A．one hundred and two B．one hundredth and second C．one hundred and second
名校新优子题必刷 2
（2023·福建宁德·统考二模）—Do you know that China has its ________ national breakdancing(霹雳舞) team?
—Yes. For the new team, several important competitions are waiting for it in the future.
A．first B．second C．third
名校新优子题必刷 3
（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模）Many people like to shop online because of the lower price. According to the
information in the form, Hatti can save ________ yuan if she buys all the things below on the website.
Things to buy Price in the store Price online
900 yuan (20%
A pair of sports shoes 40% off
off)
A pen bag 50 yuan (10% off) 20% off
A 20-yuan voucher (代金券) online
A．185 B．165 C．205
名校新优子题必刷 4
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（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模）—Can you name one of the wonders in China?
—Certainly! The Great Wall. It is ________ long and it was built by hand.
A．6,400 kilometers’ B．6,400 kilometers C．6,400-kilometer
名校新优子题必刷 5
（2023·福建龙岩·统考一模）Bob is going to be an elder brother. His parents are planning to have their ________
child.
A．first B．second C．two
名校新优子题必刷 6
（2023·黑龙江绥化·校考三模）There are ________ floors in this building and I live on the ________ floor.
A．thirty; twenty-second B．thirty; twenty-two C．thirtieth; twenty-two
名校新优子题必刷 7
（2023·福建龙岩·统考二模）— Shall we go to see The Wandering Earth Ⅱ tonight?
— I have seen it twice but I don’t mind seeing it a ________ time.
A．second B．third C．fourth
名校新优子题必刷 8
（2023·黑龙江鸡西·统考一模）The river is ________ deep. It is dangerous for young kids to play or swim in it.
A．two and half meter B．two and one half meters C．two and a half meters
名校新优子题必刷 9
（2023·吉林长春·吉林省实验校考三模）I failed the first jump in the competition and the coach let me have a
________ try.
A．twice B．second C．two D．once
名校新优子题必刷 10
（2023·甘肃白银·统考三模）About ________ of the students in our class took part in the sports meeting last
week. That means more than half of the students joined in the sports meeting.
A．one third B．two fifths C．three fifths D．three eighths
名校新优子题必刷 11
（2023·甘肃白银·统考三模）At a quarter to five, I met Gina in the library.
A．4:15 B．4:45 C．5:15 D．5:45
名校新优子题必刷 12
（2023·海南省直辖县级单位·统考二模）Today a number of people like HUAWEI phones better, and about
________ of them are young people.
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A．two fifth B．two fifths C．fifths two
名校新优子题必刷 13
（2023·福建宁德·统考一模）After the aircraft carrier（航空母舰）Liaoning and Shandong, China launched its
________ one on June 17, 2022.
A．second B．third C．fourth
名校新优子题必刷 14
（2023·甘肃庆阳·统考一模）________ visitors came to visit Hong Ya Cave, Chongqing on May Day last year.
A．Thousand B．Thousands C．Thousand of D．Thousands of
名校新优子题必刷 15
（2023·黑龙江绥化·校考一模）If you want to change for a double room, you’ll have to pay ________ 10 dollars.
A．another B．other C．more
名校新优子题必刷 16
（2023·甘肃定西·统考一模）—Would you like another cup of tea, Linda?
—Thank you anyway. I’ve already had one cup, and I’m drinking the ________ cup.
A．first B．second C．third D．fourth
名校新优子题必刷 17
（2023·吉林·校联考三模）—People in our town planted trees on Tree Planting Day.
—Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener.
A．hundred B．hundred of C．hundreds of
名校新优子题必刷 18
（2023·甘肃定西·统考一模）What can we know from the chart on the right?
A．20% of students exercise every day.
B．All the students love to exercise.
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C．15% of students exercise one to three times a week.
D．45% of students exercise four to six times a week.
名校新优子题必刷 19
（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考一模）—I like the number “9” best, because I think it stands for “long lasting”.
—Me, too. So I choose ________ floor to live on.
A．nine B．ninth C．the ninth
名校新优子题必刷 20
（2023·吉林松原·统考一模）My grandfather’s home is about _________ kilometers from our home.
A．hundreds of B．two hundreds
C．hundred of D．two hundreds of
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
名校新优子题必刷 21
（2023·黑龙江鸡西·统考一模）My mom gave this computer as my (fourteen) birthday present.
名校新优子题必刷 22
（2023·甘肃定西·统考二模）Mary has moved out since her (twenty) birthday.
名校新优子题必刷 23
（2023·江苏南京·校考一模）I gave my lovely son a comic book as his (nine) birthday present.
名校新优子题必刷 24
（2023·云南昭通·统考二模）You can find this beautiful picture on the page of this book. (twelve)
名校新优子题必刷 25
（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）Tan Dun, a composer, won an Oscar for his music in his (forty).
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