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必修第三册 Unit 3 Diverse Cultures
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
Four Multicultural Cities
New York City
It is probably not all that surprising to find out that the Big Apple is one of the most global
cities in the world.It has the largest population of immigrants on the planet.Over 35% of its
residents are born outside the USA.You can hear over 800 languages in New York City being
spoken on a daily basis.Which is the most multicultural district in the city? Queens is the largest
and also the most multiracial urban area in the world!
London
London may come in second place behind New York City for the percentage of the immigrant
population.But it is easily the most international city in all of Europe.Bangladeshis，Pakistanis，
and Indians are a few of the larger immigrant groups and a walk around the city will uncover that
they have definitely brought their cultures with them.People from around the world are drawn to
London and over 30% of its residents are born outside the UK.
Singapore
This city-state is not just the main financial center of Southeast Asia，but also one of the most
multicultural places on the planet.Singapore has four official languages：Mandarin Chinese，
English，Malay，and Tamil.It is also a center for international residents and their cultures.So，
you are sure to meet large communities of permanent residents who are foreign-born.
Sydney
Following World War Ⅱ，Sydney saw a huge inflow of immigrants.This trend has continued
into the present day，making Sydney one of the most multicultural cities in the world.Although
English is the official language spoken in Sydney ， this city is home to more than 250
languages.Immigrants from places such as Vietnam，India，and South America have made this
city their home and brought their cultures with them.You will be spoilt for choice when it comes to
Sydney’s cultural variety!
1．Where can you find the largest multiracial district?
A．In Singapore. B．In Sydney. C．In New York City. D．In London.
2．What do London and Singapore have in common?
A．They are suitable for minorities to earn a living.
B．They make it their mission to attract immigrants.
C．They both have over 30% foreign-born populations.
D．They both have different races and cultures mixed together.3．What makes Sydney one of the most multicultural cities?
A．World War Ⅱ. B．Immigration. C．Economy. D．Education.
B
If you’ve ever emerged from the shower or returned from your walk with a clever idea or a
solution to a problem you had been struggling with ，it may not be a surprise.Rather than
constantly concentrating on a problem，research from the last 15 years suggests that people may
be more likely to have creative breakthroughs when they’re doing a habitual task that doesn’t
require much thought.
“People always get surprised when they realize they get interesting ， novel ideas at
unexpected times，” says Kalina Christoff，a scientist at the University of British Columbia in
Vancouver，“because our culture tells us that we should do it through hard work.”
Now researchers begin to understand why these clever thoughts occur during more passive
activities and what’s happening in the brain.They have found that the key is a series of brain
activities—within what’s called the default mode(DM) network—that occur while an individual
is resting or performing habitual tasks that don’t require much attention.
“Simply put，it is a state that your brain returns to when you’re relaxed，” explains
Christoff.“By contrast，when you’re working on a demanding task，the brain’s executive
control(EC) systems keep your thinking focused，analytical，and logical.”
Researchers find that the DM network is also involved in the early stages of idea generation，
drawing from past experiences and knowledge about the world.When your mind wanders ，
you’re allowing thoughts to playfully cross your mind，which helps you combine information
and ideas in new ways and something clicks.
“A cautionary note：While the DM network plays a key role in the creative process，it is
the EC systems that help you to evaluate and apply the creative ideas effectively to your problems
in the real world，” Christoff says.“So it’s unwise to place blind faith in the discovery that
creative ideas can be generated in the shower or during any other kinds of mind
wandering.Instead，you have to do the work to set the groundwork for creative ideas to emerge in
the first place.”
4．What is the most unlikely function of the EC systems?
A．To start your thinking process. B．To help you analyze.
C．To let you get novel ideas. D．To keep you focused.
5．What does the underlined part “something clicks” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．A clever idea occurs. B．Something drops down.
C．A memory disappears. D．A funny thought happens.
6．What is Kalina Christoff’s attitude to the culture of hard work?
A．Disapproving. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.
7．Which statement might the author agree with?A．Practice makes perfect.
B．Where there is a will，there is a way.
C．Everything comes to him who waits.
D．All work and no break makes Jack a dull boy.
Ⅱ.完形填空(★)
I recently attended a wedding in Canada，in the countryside.When the taxi driver sent us back
at midnight，I was 1 worried all the way home about tipping him since I was not rich.I 2
nervously in my purse and realized that all I had was a $100 note，which I was keeping for a(n)
3 ，nothing else but two chocolates from the wedding.I couldn’t not tip him，so I was 4
between a rock and a hard place.I handed in the note at last，controlling the urge to ask for 5 .
Tipping has long been a source of 6 interactions throughout the world.Tipping customs
7 wildly from country to country，which generates no small amount of 8 .Norwegians，
who come from a culture where wages are high and tips are low，could 9 people in Las
Vegas with their tiny offerings. 10 ，high-tipping Americans might anger people in Tokyo
because good service in Japan is a 11 of honour.
Such an embarrassed mess often occurs because there’s no 12 logic to any of
this.None! Similarly，a 2016 study from Cornell University 13 that people are twice as likely
to tip a supermarket delivery person than a supermarket store worker.Why is that？And nobody can
work out the reasons for this 14 .
Perhaps，tipping one and not the other only 15 in terms of what has become customary.
1．A.helplessly B．curiously C．secretly D．strangely
2．A.selected B．fished C．weighed D．calculated
3．A.emergency B．tip C．award D．deal
4．A.buried B．lost C．stuck D．locked
5．A.gratitude B．permission C．help D．change
6．A.common B．awkward C．necessary D．active
7．A.vary B．spread C．grow D．work
8．A.panic B．harm C．bond D．confusion
9．A.amuse B．astonish C．annoy D．satisfy
10．A.Therefore B．Likewise C．Otherwise D．Furthermore
11．A.matter B．choice C．way D．trick
12．A.official B．convenient C．practical D．consistent
13．A.found B．ensured C．confirmed D．witnessed
14．A.assumption B．concept C．difference D．accident
15．A.pays off B．takes place C．takes effect D．makes sense
Ⅲ.语法填空(2024·浙江湖州联考)
“Painting is just another way of keeping a diary，” said Spanish artist Pablo Picasso.Wu
Liren has been maintaining such a “diary” of the Grand Canal 1. 1978.
The 65-year-old painter from Hangzhou City，Zhejiang Province，has been using ink and
brush for more than 40 years 2. (record) the beauty of the arterial(干线的)
waterway，the hospitality of local residents and the richness of culture 3. flows all
the way.
Wu says memories and emotions run deep in his paintings ， and these are far
4._______(important) than any technical perfection.“My art has always been about the Grand
Canal.Sometimes I paint what I 5. (see) in the past and sometimes I reproduce what I
heard about people who lived by the canal，” he says.
Wu believes the Grand Canal is often compared with the West Lake，one of the most famous
scenic 6. (attraction) in Hangzhou.“The West Lake is seen as a beautiful treasure that
needs to be cared for.But the Grand Canal is like our mother，who has watched us grow up，earn
a living along her busy banks，leave her in search of a better future 7. return to her
embrace later on，” he says.
Recently，Wu completed a 100-meter-long scroll(卷轴) painting of the canal’s Tangxi-
Xixing stretch in Hangzhou.“I have actually painted the entire Grand Canal in Hangzhou,8.
(borrow) historical anecdotes from every dynasty，” Wu 9. (proud) says.“The
story of the canal needs to be told and the culture it represents must 10. (pass)
down.”
