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必修第一册 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The days of staring at the computer screen pretending to be interested in an assignment even
though you are bored out of your mind may soon be coming to an end.That’s because if Dr Harry
Witchel，Discipline Leader in Physiology at England’s Brighton and Sussex Medical School，
has his way，computers of the future will be able to detect boredom and even react to it real-time.
But before you get concerned，the machine is not reading your mind.It is just keeping track of
the constant involuntary(无意识的)movements that people exhibit when in front of a computer or
even a television.These are not the bigger instrumental actions like moving a mouse or using the
remote，but barely noticeable movements like scratching，fidgeting，or stretching.Witchel says
the level of movement is directly linked to how absorbed the person is in what he or she is reading
or watching.The higher the interest level，the less the movement!
To test the theory，Witchel and his team invited 27 people and exposed them to a variety of
digital contents for three minutes at a time.The activities ranged from playing online games to
reading documents like the banking regulations that most people would find boring.
A video motion tracker monitored their movements as they powered through each
assignment.Just as the researchers had expected，the involuntary actions decreased dramatically，
by as much as 42%，when the participants were totally absorbed in what they were reading or
seeing.
Fortunately，the scientists are not planning to use the findings to create machines that report
students who are not focusing at school.Instead，they believe that combining the motion-detecting
technology with future computers will help enhance the digital learning experience.
The scientists say that being able to measure the students’interest level will enable educators
to adjust the materials real-time and re-engage the students.Witchel also believes that the
technology can provide filmmakers with honest audience opinions.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种未来的计算机，这种计算机可以记录人们在电
脑甚至电视前所表现出的持续的无意识动作，探测出人们何时感到厌烦，注意力减退，甚至
还可以做出实时反应。
1．According to Dr Harry，what will future computers be able to do?A．Keep a learner from distraction.
B．Help a learner with his assignments.
C．Read a learner’s mind exactly real-time.
D．Identify dullness of a learner and respond to it.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段末句可知，根据Harry博士的研究，未来的电脑将能够探测
无聊感，甚至做出实时反应。故选D。
2．How does an absorbed learner tend to behave?
A．Laugh and shout excitedly.
B．Use less energy in an assignment.
C．Perform fewer involuntary actions.
D．Show noticeable movements constantly.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，一个专注的学习者常常会减少无意识动作。故
选C。
3．What is the value of this technology for educators?
A．Bettering their digital learning experience.
B．Introducing more computers into class.
C．Finding the absent-minded students in class.
D．Detecting what interests the students most.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段首句可知，这项科技对于教育工作者的价值是能够发现学
生们最感兴趣的东西。故选D。
4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To introduce an upcoming technology.
B．To update educators’teaching concept.
C．To show what learning will be like in the future.
D．To explain how life will be shaped by technology.
答案 A
解析 写作意图题。通读全文内容可知，文章介绍了一种未来的计算机，这种计算机可以记
录人们在电脑甚至电视前所表现出的持续的无意识动作，探测出人们何时感到厌烦，注意力
减退，甚至还可以做出实时反应。因此推断作者的写作目的是介绍一种未来的科技。故选
A。
B
A NASA-funded study used satellite to search for penguin poops(粪便) in Antarctica：funnyat first sight though，it resulted in unique insights on the Adelie penguin’s diet and its future as
the climate changes.The findings published recently unlocked the secrets about the species that can
provide an early-warning of threats to Antarctica’s delicate ecosystem.
Researchers from Stony Brook University used satellite images to see if the Adelie penguin’s
diet has been changing in response to Antarctica’s changing climate.Adelie penguin population
has dropped greatly in some areas even as the global population increases.The satellite images
cannot show the penguins individually，but their presence can be detected by the stain(污渍) left
on the ice by their waste，called guano.
Male and female penguins take turns incubating(孵化) in the nest.The guano builds up in the
same areas occupied by the nests.Heather Lynch，associate professor at Stony Brook，along with
his team，used the area of the colony as defined by the guano stain to work back to the number of
pairs.A global survey for Adelie penguins turned up 3.8 million breeding pairs.Also，the satellite
data can detect the color of the penguin guano，ranging from white to pink to dark red.White
guano is from eating mostly fish；pink and red would be from eating mostly krill(磷虾)．The
team found that while the Adelie penguin’s diet did show changes from year to year，no
consistent pattern was obvious.
“This was a big surprise，since the abundance and distribution of Adelie penguins has
changed dramatically over the last 40 years and scientists had assumed that a change in diet might
have played a role，”said Casey Youngflesh，a graduate student from the university.However，
continued changes in the physical environment and a growing krill fishery in the region are likely
to have an influence on penguin prey(猎物) and penguin population itself.“Tools like these will be
important for the management of the Antarctic ecosystem，which is often considered among the
most primitive areas in the world，”said Youngflesh.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家对南极企鹅物种生态的研究，展现了
近年来其物种数量、饮食结构等各方面的变化。
5．What concerned scientists most according to paragraph 1?
A．The climate change.
B．The Adelie penguin’s diet.
C．The Antarctica’s ecosystem.
D．The secret of penguin poops.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The findings published recently unlocked the secrets
about the species that can provide an early-warning of threats to Antarctica’s delicate
ecosystem.”可知，这些物种可以为南极洲脆弱的生态系统提供风险预警。由此可知，科学
家们最关心的是南极洲的生态系统。故选C。6．How did scientists carry out the study?
A．By doing experiments.
B．By conducting surveys.
C．By making observations.
D．By collecting documents.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers from Stony Brook University used satellite
images to see...by their waste，called guano.”和第三段倒数第三句内容可知，科学家们是通
过观察卫星图像进行研究的，因此他们使用的是观察法。故选C。
7．Which of the following would Lynch agree with?
A．The Adelie penguin population was 3.8 million worldwide.
B．Guano colors reflected the health condition of the penguin.
C．The Adelie penguin’s diet stayed the same most of the time.
D．Adelie penguin waste helped estimate the penguin population.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第三句可知，D项“阿德利企鹅的排泄物帮助(科学家)估计
企鹅数量”与Lynch的做法一致。故选D。
8．What did Youngflesh’s words suggest?
A．More Adelie penguins have appeared over the last 40 years.
B．There was not an obvious changing pattern of penguin’s diet.
C．Diet changes didn’t actually affect penguin population as assumed.
D．Fishery was important for the management of the Antarctic ecosystem.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，在过去40年企鹅数量和分布发生急剧变化，科学
家原来已经假设是饮食的变化发挥作用，然而，外部物理环境的变化和这一地区不断扩张的
磷虾养殖很可能对企鹅的猎物(数量)产生影响，进而影响到企鹅自身的数量。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2023·湖南长沙期中)
Mary was always dreaming of graduating from college in cap and gown， 1 her diploma
and ready to start a career.Since Mary came from a low-income family，her dream seemed out of
2 .There would never be enough money to send Mary to college. 3 ，no member of her
family had ever gone to college.But Mary 4 that thought.In secondary school she studied
hard，and spoke freely of her dream to teachers and friends.When her 5 day at school
came，her principal called her into his office.
“I have a(n) 6 for you，”he said.
It contained a scholarship to a nearby college.The power of a thought had 7 its firstbonus.But the scholarship could 8 only part of her college 9 .Mary looked for every
part-time job she could find.
Mary’s dream came true when she graduated from college.Then she took a course in
insurance.When she 10 herself to a local insurance company for a job，she was 11 .She
applied again，but in vain.She kept going back 12 the manager accepted her.
Twenty-five years later Mary Crowe’s associates in that company 13 at a special dinner
in her honor，recognizing her for her outstanding achievements as an insurance saleswoman.
“Each of us is constantly in a state of becoming，”she said，giving her formula for
success.“ 14 enthusiasm and faith you can become what you think.Not that your life will be
without problems，but along the way problems will be 15 .Ask and believe；dream and
believe；work and believe.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自贫困家庭的玛丽凭借着自己对梦想的坚持和
努力上了大学，并且在25年后作为一名保险人员取得了杰出成就。玛丽认为通过热情和信
念，你可以成为你想成为的人。
1．A.embracing B．rejecting
C．occupying D．eliminating
答案 A
解析 embrace 拥抱，欣然接受；reject 拒绝；occupy 占据；eliminate 去除。由后文的
“ready to start a career”可知，玛丽只有获得毕业证书，才能准备开始她的职业生涯。故选
A。
2．A.control B．question
C．sight D．curiosity
答案 C
解析 control控制；question问题；sight视野；curiosity好奇心。由后文的“There would
never be enough money to send Mary to college.”可知，玛丽的梦想不太可能实现，因为家里
没多少钱，也就是她根本看不见梦想，out of sight意为“看不见”。故选C。
3．A.Nevertheless B．Regardless
C．Ultimately D．Additionally
答案 D
解析 nevertheless但是；regardless不管；ultimately最后；additionally此外。后文的“no
member of her family had ever gone to college”是对前面“There would never be enough money
to send Mary to college.”的补充说明，因此空格处是“此外”。故选D。
4．A.held on to B．came across
C．made up for D．came up with答案 A
解析 hold on to坚持；come across偶遇；make up for弥补；come up with提出。由后文的
“In secondary school she studied hard，and spoke freely of her dream to teachers and friends.”
可知，她坚持自己的理想。故选A。
5．A.first B．formal
C．final D．unique
答案 C
解析 first第一的；formal正式的；final最后的；unique独特的。由后文的“It contained a
scholarship to a nearby college.”可知，那是玛丽在学校的最后一天，校长给了她一个信封，
里面是用来上大学的奖学金，故选C。
6．A.gown B．envelope
C．souvenir D．book
答案 B
解析 gown 礼服；envelope 信封；souvenir 纪念品；book 书。由后文的“It contained a
scholarship to a nearby college.”和常识可知，奖学金装在信封里，故选B。
7．A.concluded B．seized
C．consumed D．generated
答案 D
解析 conclude总结；seize抓住；consume消耗；generate产生。由上文校长给了她奖学金
可知，此处表示“想法的力量(上大学的梦想)产生了它的第一个收获”。故选D。
8．A.donate B．cover
C．relieve D．ensure
答案 B
解析 donate捐赠；cover足以支付；relieve减轻；ensure确保。由后文的“Mary looked for
every part-time job she could find.”可知，玛丽需要找兼职，是因为奖学金只能支付她上大学
的一部分费用。故选B。
9．A.expenses B．secrets
C．incomes D．ambitions
答案 A
解析 expense费用；secret秘密；income收入；ambition雄心。解析同上。
10．A.dedicated B．related
C．accustomed D．presented
答案 D
解析 dedicate致力于；relate联系；accustom使习惯；present展现。由后文的“for a job”
可知，她是去当地一家保险公司求职，也就是在向保险公司展现自己，故选D。11．A.turned out B．put aside
C．turned down D．taken in
答案 C
解析 turn out结果是；put aside把……放在一边；turn down拒绝；take in吸收。由后文的
“She applied again”可知，她是被保险公司拒绝了，故选C。
12．A.unless B．though
C．until D．if
答案 C
解析 unless除非；though虽然；until直到；if如果。由后文的“the manager accepted her”
可知，她一直去那个保险公司求职，直到经理接受她，故选C。
13．A.gathered B．declared
C．resigned D．parted
答案 A
解析 gather聚集；declare声明；resign辞职；part分开。由后文的“at a special dinner”可
知，他们是聚集在晚宴上，故选A。
14．A.Without B．Despite
C．Upon D．Through
答案 D
解析 without 没有；despite 尽管；upon 在……上；through 通过。由后文的“you can
become what you think”可知，句子表示“通过热情和信念，你可以成为你想成为的人”，
故选D。
15．A.strengthened B．overcome
C．omitted D．collected
答案 B
解析 strengthen加强；overcome克服；omit省略；collect收集。由上文的“Not that your
life will be without problems”可知，不是说你的生活没有困难，而是困难会被克服，故选
B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
The art of sugar painting in China may date back 1. the Ming Dynasty，when
sugar figures 2. (make) in molds(模具) as part of a sacrifice in religion.In the Qing
Dynasty，sugar painting gained more 3. (popular)．The molds were also replaced
with a small bronze spoon.
As time passed by，the contemporary form of sugar painting has gradually evolved，4.
_______(range) from animals to cartoon characters.The sugar painter，5. melts the
sugar，concentrates on drawing with a spoon.In a few seconds ，all kinds of images 6.(vivid) appear on the board.After the sugar becomes solid，you can use 7. bamboo
stick to hold it.With a piece of sugar painting 8. (appreciate) and consumed as well，
it’s particularly popular with young children in China.
9． the number of sugar painters has decreased，this special folk art of sugar
painting，due to 10. (it) unique charm，has drawn more and more attention from
people in China.Hopefully，the art of sugar painting will continue to last for many generations.
1．答案 to
解析 考查介词。date back to为固定短语，意为“追溯到”，后跟时间点。故填to。
2．答案 were made
解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，陈述过去的事情用一般过去时，
sugar figures 与make之间为被动关系，使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，
故填were made。
3．答案 popularity
解析 考查名词。此处作gained的宾语，应用名词形式，popularity“人气，受欢迎”，为
不可数名词。故填popularity。
4．答案 ranging
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已含有谓语动词且没有连接词，此处需要
使用非谓语动词；逻辑主语the contemporary form of sugar painting与range之间为主动关系，
要使用现在分词作状语，故填ranging。
5．答案 who
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The
sugar painter，指人并在从句中作主语。故填who。
6．答案 vividly
解析 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处要使用副词作状语修饰动词 appear，故填
vividly。
7．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。分析句子可知，stick“棍”为可数名词单数，这里表泛指，应用不定冠词，
bamboo发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
8．答案 appreciated
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，sugar
painting与appreciate之间为被动关系，应使用过去分词作宾补，故填appreciated。
9．答案 Although/Though/While
解析 考查连词。结合上下文句意可知，此处使用连词引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”，
位于句首注意首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。10．答案 its
解析 考查代词。此处要使用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词charm，故填its。
