文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．soccer n．足球；足球运动
2．stadium n．(pl.stadiums or stadia)体育场；运动场
3．boxing n．拳击(运动)
4．badminton n．羽毛球运动
5．marathon n．马拉松赛跑
6．ski adj.滑雪的 vi.滑雪
7．track and field田径
8．gymnastics n．体操(训练)
9．legend n．传奇故事(或人物)；传说
10．glory n．荣誉；光荣；赞美
11．graceful adj.优美的；优雅的
12．push-up n．(especially NAmE)俯卧撑
13．error n．错误；差错
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．event n．比赛项目；大事；公开活动
2．track n．跑道；足迹；铁路轨道 vt.& vi.追踪；跟踪
3．gym n．健身房；体育馆
4．sweat vt.使出汗；出汗弄湿 vi.出汗；流汗 n．汗水；出汗
5．athlete n．运动员；运动健儿
6．master n．高手；主人 vt.精通；掌握
7．medal n．奖章；勋章
8．apart adv.分离；分开；成碎片
9．captain n．(运动队)队长；船长；机长
10．pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮
11．million num.一百万12．cheat vi.作弊；舞弊 vt.欺骗；蒙骗 n．欺骗手段；骗子
13．audience n．观众；听众
14．positive adj.积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的
15．slim adj.苗条的；单薄的
16．diet n．规定饮食；日常饮食 vi.节食
17．rather adv.相当；有点儿
18．jog vi.慢跑 n．慢跑
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．fitness n．健康；健壮；适合→fit adj.适合的；健康的 vt.& vi.适合→unfit adj.不适合的；
不健康的
2．host vt.主办；主持 n．主人；东道主；节目主持人→hostess n．女主人；女主持人
3．honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt.尊敬，使荣幸→honourable adj.可敬的；体面的
4．championship n．锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号→champion n．冠军；优胜者
5．determination n．决心；决定→determine v．决心；决定→determined adj.坚决的
6．injure vt.使受伤；损害→injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→injury n．伤害；损伤
7．strength n．力量；体力→strengthen v．增强→strong adj.强壮的
8．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物)→fail v．失败
9．compete vi.竞争；对抗→competition n．竞争；比赛→competitor n．竞争者；对手
→competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争力的
10．stress n．压力；紧张；重音 vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安→stressful adj.造
成压力的→stressed adj.感到压力的
1．adequately /'ædIkwətli/ adv.足够地；合格地→adequate adj.足够的；合格的
2．rival /'raIvl/ vt.(rivalled，rivalled)比得上；与……相匹敌 n．竞争对手 adj.竞争的；对立
的
3．unveil /ˌʌn'veIl/ vt.拉开……的帷幔；展示
4．melody /'melədi/ n．乐曲；旋律；曲调
5．tide /taId/ n．潮水；潮汐；趋势 vt.帮助某人渡过(困难时期)
6．vanish /'vænIʃ/ vi.突然消失；消亡
7．contend /kən'tend/ vi.竞争；争夺 vt.声称；主张
8．scale /skeIl/ n．等级；刻度；规模 vt.攀登；去鳞；改变……的大小
9．strive /straIv/ vi.(strove /strəʊv/or strived，striven /'strIvn/or strived)努力；奋斗；力求
10．splash /splæʃ/ vt.把(水、泥等)泼(溅)在……上 vi.泼洒；拍打着水游 n．落水声；溅上
的液体Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．come along跟随；到达；进步；赶快
2．work out锻炼；计算出；解决
3．make it获得成功；准时到达
4．set an example树立榜样
5．fall apart破裂；破碎；崩溃
6．lose heart丧失信心；泄气
7．give up放弃；投降
8．make sense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
9．pretend to do sth 假装做某事
10．even if/though即使；虽然
11．make a difference有作用或影响
12．rather than而不是
13．cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下
14．now and then有时；偶尔
15．compare...with/to...与……比较
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others.
(who引导的定语从句)他们必须是所在运动项目上的大师，而且是他人学习的楷模。
2．The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since
1996.(现在完成进行时)他(乔丹)在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在
帮助年轻人。
3．A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.(even if引导的
让步状语从句)
足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。
4．Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight，things began to change.(once引
导的时间状语从句)
一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就有了变化。
5．Instead of saying “I want to lose three kilos”，I would say “I want to run two kilometres
in eight minutes” or “I want to be able to do 30 push-ups”．(instead of doing)我不会说“我
想减掉三千克”，我会说“我想在八分钟内跑完两千米”或“我希望能做30个俯卧撑”。
6．By being positive about myself and my body，I became both happier and healthier.(by doing
作状语)
通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐，也更加健康了。
Competitive Sports and Mass SportsIn modern times，there seem to be hundreds of sports for us，such as soccer，boxing，
badminton，marathon，skiing，gymnastics and track and field.Whatever you like，you will
find one 1.______________(suit) for you.In addition ， we can choose to work out in
stadiums，gyms，or at home.Nowadays，sports can be 2.____________(rough) divided into two
categories—competitive sports and mass sports.The former means that athletes must compete
3.____________ each other for medals in championships or events in Olympics to win
honour and glory for their country,4.____________ needs not only skills and strength but also
great determination.However，success often comes along with error，stress，failure and
5.____________(injury)．Sometimes even a master may fall apart，but he never loses
heart.Finally he makes it and becomes a champion and legend,6.____________(set) an
example to others.7.________________(compare) with competitive sports，mass sports focus
on fitness rather than 8.____________(compete)．Millions of people go jogging or do push-
ups to keep healthy or become slimmer instead of going on a diet by cutting out
fat.However，with no audience 9.______________(shout) encouragement，they may give
up.They cheat themselves into taking exercise the next day or pretend to have done it
otherwise，which doesn’t make sense.However，even if you take exercise now and then，it
will make 10.____________ difference and have positive effects，won’t it? So why not
move in and join in the mass sports?
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 v．尊敬；给予表扬；信守(承诺) (honourable adj.值得
尊重的)
•It’s an honour for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事很荣幸。
feel it an honour to do sth 做某事感到荣幸
in honour of...向……表示敬意；为纪念……
•be/feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸
(1)Michael Jordan，a master in basketball，never lost heart even if he was faced with failure，
for which he was greatly ____________(honour)．
(2)人们庆祝端午节以纪念屈原，他是中国一位伟大的诗人。(话题写作之传统节日)
People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival ________________________，who is a great Chinese
poet.
(3)能有宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲，我感到非常荣幸。(应用文写作之演讲稿)
________________________________________________________________________ to
deliver a speech here.
determination n．决心；决定(determine v．测定；决定；确定 determined adj.坚决的；有决心的)
•determine to do...决定做……(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事
•be determined to do...决心做……(表示状态)
(1)He determined ____________ facing the failure bravely rather than escaping from reality.
(2)The ____________ look on her face shows that she has strong confidence and ____________ to
win the championship in the coming gymnastics competition.(determine)
(3)就在那时我决定继续在农场工作，以便能帮助养活我的家人。(2021·浙江6月，读后续
写)
It was at that time that I ________________________________________________ so that I could
help support my family.(determine to do)
(4)我决定要策划一场以“绿色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动，因此写信向你请教一些宝贵的
建议。(2023·北京，书面表达改编)
____________________________________________________________，I am writing to ask
you for some precious advice.(形容词短语作状语)
injury n．伤害；损伤(injured adj.受伤的；有伤的 injure vt.使受伤；损害)
•do sb an injury(＝do an injury to sb)伤害某人
•the injured受伤的人；伤员
•get/be injured受伤
(1)The explosion did serious ____________ to some passers-by；fortunately，the ____________
were immediately rushed to the nearest hospital.(injure)
(2)尽管腿受了伤，他还是决心跑完马拉松。
①Though he ________________________，he was determined to finish the marathon.
②________________________，he was determined to finish the marathon.(用状语从句的省略
改写)
failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物)(fail v．失败；不及格)
•failure作可数名词，意为“失败者，失败的事”；作不可数名词，意为“失败”。类似用
法的词还有success，surprise，honour，difficulty等。
•fail to do sth 没做成某事
(1)Though he failed __________________(win) the championship，audience didn’t view him
as ____________ failure because of the real sportsmanship he showed in the event.
(2)正如一句谚语说的那样，“失败是成功之母”。努力工作，你就会取得进步。(应用文写
作之鼓励他人)As a proverb goes，“______________________________.” Work hard，and you will make
progress.
compete vi.竞争；对抗(competitive adj.竞争的，竞争心强的；有竞争力的 competitor
n．竞争者，竞争对手；参赛者 competition n．竞争；竞赛，比赛)
•compete with/against sb 和某人竞争
compete for sth 为……而竞争
compete in sth 在……中竞争
•in competition with 与……竞争
(1)Whistle going off，the ________________ began and all ____________ dashed in the track
like arrows.(compete)(读后续写之场景描写)
(2)生活是一段旅程，你必须不断地与他人竞争，超越自我。(读后续写之主旨升华)
Life is a journey ____________________________________ to go beyond yourself.
(3)尽管这是一场竞争激烈的比赛，但是真正重要的不是冠军称号，而是参与者在比赛中所
展现出来的决心。(2020·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
____________________________________ ， what really mattered was not the title of
championship but the determination that participants showed during the race.
pretend vt.& vi.假装；假扮
pretend to be假装是
pretend to do假装做某事
pretend to be doing假装正在做某事
pretend to have done假装已经做过某事
pretend that...假装……
(1)The host pretended to ________________(read) an important paper when the director came in.
(2)I pretended ________________(finish) all my homework when asked by my parents.
→______________________________________________ when asked by my parents.(pretend
that...)
(3)在学习上，你不懂装懂是不明智的。
When it comes to study，________________________________________________.
give up放弃；投降
give in (to)(向……)屈服，投降
give out分发；用光；耗尽
give away赠送；泄露
give off散发(光和热等)give way to给……让路
give sb a hand帮某人一个忙
(1)用give短语的正确形式填空
With all their energy ____________，the cyclists seemed to ____________ the bad situation；
however，when hearing the cheers from the audience along the street，nobody chose to
____________ the race.Therefore ， they finally raised enough money and ____________ it
____________ to the poor children in remote mountain areas.
(2)当我终于写完的时候，获胜的想法已经让位于写作的乐趣。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
When I finally finished it，the thought of winning ____________________________________.
(3)我们无论面临什么样的挑战，都会坚持我们的梦想，永不气馁或放弃。(读后续写之主旨
升华)
Whatever challenges we are faced with，____________________________________________.
cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下
cut across穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)
cut in插嘴
cut off中断；切掉；使隔绝
cut up切碎
cut down砍倒；削减；删节；缩小(尺寸、数量等)
用cut短语的正确形式填空
(1)To keep physically healthy，the experts strongly suggest ____________ alcohol in our daily
life.
(2)I usually ____________ the park on my way home so that I can arrive home earlier.
(3)She kept on ____________ on our conversation，which made us very annoyed.
(4)The captain ____________ the meat in his plate impatiently to show his anger.
(5)His company will ____________ its production if the water supply is ____________.
even if引导的让步状语从句 A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it
helps his /her team .足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。
even if/though意为“尽管，即使”，引导让步状语从句。其引导的状语从句常用一般现在时
表将来；当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句中含有 be动词时，从句的主语和be动
词一般可以省略。
(1)Disappointed at the competition ， the host won’t attend the event ， even if
___________(invite)．(2)尽管他陷入了困境，他仍然乐意帮助处于困境中的人。
____________________________________，he still willingly helped those in trouble.
(3)当孩子们受到表扬时，他们会表现得积极，即使仅仅是一个点头微笑。
Children will act positively when they are praised，____________________________________.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．work out
(1)With great efforts the soldier worked out the problem.________
(2)The area can be easily worked out if you know the length and the width.________
(3)To win glory for our class in the sports meeting，I have been working out in the past three
months.________
2．stress
A．n.紧张，精神压力 B．n.物理压力 C．v.强调 D．v.重读 E．v.使疲惫不堪
(1)The words with important information are normally stressed.________
(2)As a new driver，driving in such a busy street really stresses me out.________
(3)What should be stressed in school education according to Schama ？ (2021· 新 课 标
Ⅱ)________
(4)But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips.
(2020·全国Ⅰ)________
(5)But studies have shown that they can promote people’s well-being by improving their mood，
reducing stress and helping their memory.(2023·全国乙)________
3．track
A.n.轨道；铁轨 B.n.跑道；径赛 C.v.追踪；跟踪 D.n.小路，小径 E.n.动物或车辆留
下的足迹，踪迹
(1)We set off once more，over a rough mountain track.________
(2)The only evidence of pandas was their tracks in the snow.________
(3)They will be moving on the track ahead of the train，and programmed to run autonomously.
(2022·全国乙)________
(4)The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk，
which is about five miles longer than the marathon.(2020·全国Ⅰ)________
(5)The quality of grassland will be tracked by monitoring the shape，color and texture of grass.(2021·新课标Ⅱ)________
4．master
(1)However annoyed you are，you must learn to master your emotion.________
(2)Each time its master got back home，the dog would wag its tail excitedly.________
(3)Wang，who is often in dangerous situations，is also a judo(柔道) master.
(2021·新课标Ⅱ)________
(4)You are studying in a graduate program for a master’s degree.(2021·北京)________
(5)That is the only French phrase I mastered，and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
(2021·新课标Ⅰ)________
5．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)The 2008 Olympic Games is the biggest sporting event ever held in Beijing.__________
(2)Even if the architect worked hard ， he still had a slim chance of winning the
competition.__________
(3)The athlete has tested positive for doping at the ongoing sporting event.__________
(4)Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species，bringing protection to a host of plants and
animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)__________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．The soldier felt greatly honoured ____________(see) the emperor in the flesh.
2．____________(determine) to get to the destination，the athlete showed amazing willpower.
3．The architect got ____________(injure) when hiking to the castle through a narrow path.
4．When checking out at the counter，the man found his credit card lost，so he had to give
____________ the purchase.
5．The ____________(compete) was extremely fierce and at last we won the match narrowly by
74 vs 72.
6．It is requested that we should cut ____________ the intake of fat and sugar to regain fitness.
7．This type of exercise is designed to ____________(strength) the stomach muscles.
8．____________(fail) is recognised as the mother of success，so as long as we don’t lose
heart，we will succeed.
9．____________(compare) with those who are always complaining，people with a positive
attitude usually live longer.
10．I ________________________(try) to contact the official in charge of transport in the past
three hours，but I haven’t been able to get through.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter 来信询问你校学生的体育锻炼情况。请给他回信，
内容包括：
1．学校的体育场馆；
2．主要的运动项目；
3．最受欢迎的体育活动。
完成句子
1．得知你很想了解我们学校的体育锻炼情况，我很荣幸向你提供一些信息。(be honoured to
do)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
2．首先，一座新的体育场已经建成，它已经成为我们学校的新地标。(非限制性定语从句)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3．此外，随着体育场的建成，各种各样的体育赛事可以在此举行，其中乒乓球、足球和跑
步比赛非常受欢迎。(with复合结构；介词＋which引导定语从句)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
4．篮球似乎是最受欢迎的，因为它给了我们面对生活中的挑战的力量。(It seems that...；
strength)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
5．因此，即使我们忙于学习，也会抽出一些时间在新体育场打篮球。(even if/though)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________教材语料整合
[运动描写] event；gym；work out；championship；track and field；marathon
[体育精神描写] honour；sweat；make it；master；set an example；compete；
亮词
determination n．→determine v．→determined adj.；fall apart；lose heart；
give up
1.Losing two important players was a big challenge，but Lang Ping did not lose
heart.(情感描写)
2.As a player，Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country.As a coach，she
led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the
Olympics.As a person，Lang Ping is loved by fans at home and abroad.(排比)
美句 3.The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his
graceful moves and jumps.(人物描写)
4.When Michael Jordan’s feet left the ground，time seemed to stand still.(夸张)
5.By being positive about myself and my body，I became both happier and
healthier.(情感描写)
6.I almost went bananas，too.(比喻)
拓展语料积累 动作细节描写：走、跑
stride大步走；stroll散步；溜达；rush/dash冲；charge猛冲；march行军；skip蹦蹦
单
跳跳地走；pace踱步；drag拖着脚走；slip溜；hop单脚跳；stumble跌跌撞撞走；
词
flee逃跑；shamble蹒跚而行；tiptoe轻手轻脚地走
词 elbow/force one’s way to挤到……；slide/creep into/out溜进/出……；wander around
块 在……闲逛；head for/toward前往……；pace up and down来回踱步
1.After dinner，Brace left the hotel to wander the park nearby.晚饭过后，布瑞斯离开
酒店到附近的公园闲逛。
2．She angrily dashed into the office，demanding an immediate apology.她气愤地直接
冲进办公室，要求立刻向她道歉。
3．He forced a passage through the crowd.他从人群中挤过去。
句 4．Tony unlocked the back door and crept up to the yard.托尼打开后门，蹑手蹑脚地
型
来到后院。
5．Tom sneaked into the bedroom and slid into bed.汤姆悄悄地溜进卧室并钻进被窝
里。
6．He started pacing up and down，his head bent，deep in thought.他开始踱来踱去，
低着头，沉思着。
7．He stumbled forward through the darkness as if drunk.他跌跌撞撞地在黑暗中走着，喝醉了似的。
语料运用 体育比赛
①________________________________________________(形容词短语作状语)，I signed
up for the city half-marathon three weeks before.After several days of hard training，finally came
the big day.At the beginning of the competition ， I was at ease and relaxed ，
②____________________________________(比喻句)．However，the following parts began
harder and harder for me.When it comes to the last five hundred metres，my leg was as heavy as
ice-blocks，③______________________________________________(比喻句)．I almost fell
apart and completely lost heart.④____________________________________ I heard some voice
shouting my name and excitedly cheering up for me.I determined that I wouldn’t fail them.I
⑤__________________________________________________________ with everything I
had.Then came screams of excitement—⑥____________ ， tears of joy streamed down my
cheeks.From this experience I learned that just work hard and efforts will pay off in the end.
决心增强我的力量和意志力，三周前我报名参加了城市半程马拉松比赛。经过几天的艰
苦训练，重要的一天终于到来了。比赛开始时，我很放松，像箭一样冲在人群前面。然而，
接下来的部分对我来说越来越难了。当跑到最后五百米时，我的腿像冰块一样重，所以我不
得不拖着腿，跌跌撞撞地向前走，好像喝醉了一样。我几乎崩溃了，完全失去了信心。我就
要放弃的时候，突然听到有人喊着我的名字，激动地为我加油。我决定不能辜负他们。我集
中了所有的力量，用尽全力冲向终点线。接着传来了兴奋的尖叫声。我成功了，喜悦的泪水
顺着脸颊流了下来。从这段经历中，我了解到只要努力，付出总会有回报。
