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Unit 3 Diverse Cultures
1．It is probably not all that surprising to find out that the Big Apple(俚语，指的是“纽约城”)
is one of the most global cities in the world.
2．You can hear over 800 languages in New York City being spoken(hear的复合结构：hear
＋宾语＋宾补) on a daily basis(每天)．
3．So，you are sure to meet large communities of permanent(adj.永久的，长期的) residents
who are foreign-born.
4．If you’ve ever emerged(从……出现) from the shower or returned from your walk with a
clever idea or a solution to a problem you had been struggling with(省略关系代词的定语从句)，
it may not be a surprise.
5．“People always get surprised when they realize they get interesting，novel(熟词生义：新颖
的) ideas at unexpected times，” says Kalina Christoff，a scientist at the University of British
Columbia in Vancouver，“because our culture tells us that we should do it through hard work.”
6．“Simply put(简单来说，简言之)，it is a state that(引导定语从句) your brain returns to
when you’re relaxed，” explains Christoff.
7．“By contrast(相比之下)，when you’re working on a demanding(adj.费时费力的) task，
the brain’s executive control(EC) systems keep your thinking focused，analytical，and
logical(keep＋宾语＋宾补的复合结构)．”
demanding adj.费时费力的，要求高的
The picking activity is physically demanding，but we all felt excited.
demand v．强烈要求；需要，需求
demand to do sth要求做某事；demand＋that宾语从句(常用should 表虚拟，should可省略)。
I demanded to see her immediately，but got turned down.
Our teacher demanded that all the entries(should) be submitted by Friday.
n．要求；需求，需求量
demand and supply需求与供应；be in demand需求大的；on demand 一经要求
meet/satisfy one’s demands满足某人的要求
8.“A cautionary note：While(引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”) the DM network plays a
key role in(在……中起着关键作用) the creative process，it is the EC systems that(强调句：It
is＋被强调部分＋that/who...) help you to evaluate and apply the creative ideas effectively
to(将……运用到) your problems in the real world，” Christoff says.
9．I couldn’t not tip(v.付小费) him，so I was stuck between a rock and a hard place(进退两
难的境地)．10．I handed in the note at last，controlling the urge(n.冲动) to ask for change(n.零钱)．
11．And nobody can work out(解决，想出) the reasons for this difference.
12．Wu Liren has been maintaining(现在完成进行时) such a “diary” of the Grand Canal
since 1978.(“since＋时间点”作状语，主句谓语常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时)
