文档内容
第 06 讲 阅读理解记叙文
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】叙事型记叙文的考查
【题型二】记人型记叙文的考查
【题型三】新闻报道的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
题型一 叙事型记叙文的考查
1.（23-24高三·江苏泰州·期中）
Imagine sitting there sipping coffee when suddenly you see someone about to die. What would you do? On
Dec. 26, Gelinne, 60, was staring out of his house in Edgewater, Maryland, at frozen Beards Creek when his
daughter Aimee spotted the Piper Cherokee. “Look!” she cried. Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small
aircraft a few hundred yards away, losing altitude.
As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former Navy commander and current cybersecurity
expert realized it was going to land in the creek (小溪). He flashed on a moment from more than 20 years earlier:
Sept. 11, 2001. Gelinne was at work in the Pentago in Washington, D．C．, when terrorists crashed a jet into the
building. He fled the chaos but has always wondered if he could have stayed inside and helped. “To the right was
the crisis, and to the left was escape. I don’t even know if I could’ve gone right, but I went left,” he recalled.
On this day, Gelinned didn’t hesitate. He ran down to the waterfront. The plane had skidded (打滑) to as top
on the broad, frozen creek, far from shore. It was now sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew
from his Navy training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot. He tested the ice with his foot
and decided not to risk walking on it. Then he and his son, John J., 37, pulled out two kayaks (橡皮船).
The kayaks’ paddles (桨) proved too flimsy, so the pair tried using shovels (铲) to push the boats along. It
was exhausting. When Gelinne reached the plane, it had broken through the ice and sunk; only its tail was visible.
The pilot was standing on a tail wing, submerged (浸没) up to his chest, surrounded by open water. Gelinne nudged
(轻推) his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics? What ifI flip (翻)?”
With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the boat as if you
were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Now the three men were floating together. By now, a
police officer had arrived and radioed for help. A boat from the Maryland Department of Natural Resources
appeared, breaking through ice as it arrived. It picked up the pilot, Steve Couchman, 71, and sent him to be treated
for minor injuries. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, now exhausted to shore while John Jr. made his own
way back.
“I’m 60 years old,” Gelinne says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied he’d
gone the right way that day.
1．What does “the Piper Cherokee” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．The pilot. B．The kayak.
C．The rescue team. D．The sinking aircraft.
2．What did Gelinne regret about Sept. 11, 2001?
A．He escaped from the scene. B．He helped handle the chaos.
C．He fought against the terrorists. D．He stayed inside to save the injured.
3．Which of the following best describes Gelinne?
A．Honest and ambitious. B．Professional and dedicated.
C．Humorous and calm. D．Helpful and selfless.
4．Why Gelinne was satisfied in the last paragraph?
A．He dialed 911 immediately.
B．He didn’t hesitate to escape from the ice.
C．He decided to treat Steve for minor injuries.
D．He chose to deal with the crisis bravely.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了60岁的Gelinne在家中目睹一架小型飞机坠入冰封的胡须溪后的
英勇救援行动。
1．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文““Look!” she cried. Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small aircraft a
few hundred yards away, losing altitude. (“看“！”她叫道。Gelinne抬起头，正好看到几百码外有一架小型
飞机正在下降)”可推知，画线部分指的是这艘在下降的飞机。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He fled the chaos but has always wondered if he could have stayed inside and
helped. “To the right was the crisis, and to the left was escape. I don’t even know if I could’ve gone right, but I
went left,” he recalled. (他逃离了混乱，但一直想知道他是否可以留在里面帮忙。“向右就是危机，向左就
是逃避。我甚至不知道我能不能向右走，但我还是向左走了，”他回忆说)”可知，Gelinne对2001年9月
11日他逃离现场感到后悔。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“He tested the ice with his foot and decided not to risk walking on it. Then he
and his son, John J., 37, pulled out two kayaks (橡皮船). (他用脚试了试冰面，决定不冒险在上面走。然后，他
和37岁的儿子John J拉出了两艘皮划艇)”和第五段中“With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping thepilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the boat as if you were hugging your wife.” (儿子就在旁边，Gelinne专注于
让飞行员保持冷静，他开玩笑说：“就像抱着你的妻子一样抓紧船。”)”可知，面对需要救人的紧急情况，
Gelinne没有贸然行动，而是先评估了在冰面上行走的危险，而且他会用开玩笑的方式让飞行员保持冷静。
由此可知，他是幽默且冷静的。故选C项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Still, he was satisfied he’d gone the right way that day. (尽管如此，他还是
很满意自己那天走的是正确的路)”可知，Gelinne感到满意是因为这一天他选择勇敢地处理危机。故选D项。
2. （2024·山西临汾·三模）
Andrew McCarthy stars roles in era-defining movies such as Pretty in Pink, St. Elmo’s Fire and Less Than
Zero. But he is also an award-winning travel writer whose books include The Longest Way Home (2012) and
Walking With Sam (2021). In the new book, he looks back on an epic adventure, where he walked 500 miles across
Spain’s Camino de Santiago with his 19-year-old son, Sam.
McCarthy had hoped the trip would be a way to re-examine their evolving relationship, as Sam was just
stepping into his own manhood. “I wanted to get to know my son. Not just in the parent-child, dominant-
submissive or unruly roles, but as adults, as equals, as peers (同龄人),” he said. “The Camino gave me the greatest
luxury you have with adult children — which is time.” For McCarthy it was a chance to spend time with Sam, and
perhaps avoid repeating the history he had with his own father. “My relationship with my dad ended pretty much
when I left home at 17 years old, and I didn’t want that happen with my kids,” MeCarthy said.
The book’s structure follows the path of the Camino, with a chapter per day over the course.
It creates a pleasant rhythm of the trail. It also establishes a gradual sense of community and friendship
among the other walkers they encounter, and paints a clear picture of McCarthy as somebody extremely in touch
with his feelings.
Sometimes physical togetherness and shared experiences are the most you can ask for in a relationship, and
there are lovely examples of both here. In one scene McCarthy realizes Sam is suffering from a sugar crash, and
offers him a protein bar he’s been saving for just such a moment. “I reach out and rub his shoulder,” McCarthy
writes.“He nods softly, gratefully. We sit together as thousands upon thousands of dandelion puffs (蒲公英) float in
the air like dancing diamonds.” Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair
walk across the country and towards one another.
5．What do we know about Walking With Sam according to paragraph 1?
A．A fantasy novel. B．A travel memoir.
C．A prize-winning diary entry. D．An era-defining movie.
6．Why did McCarthy start the adventure?
A．To honor his father. B．To help his son fly the nest.
C．To bond with his son. D．To seek for writing inspiration.
7．McCarthy develops Walking with Sam by ______.
A．comparison and contrast B．cause and effect
C．facts and opinions D．sequence of events8．What does the author think of Walking With Sam?
A．Plain but functional. B．Inspiring and touching.
C．Brief but informative. D．Humorous and straightforward.
【答案】5．B 6．C 7．D 8．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位著名演员兼获奖旅行作家Andrew McCarthy与他的儿子
Sam一起徒步旅行的亲身经历，并通过这次旅程探索了父子关系的变化与深化。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Andrew McCarthy-stars roles in era-defining movies such as Pretty in Pink,
St. Elmo’s Fire and Less Than Zero. But he is also an award-winning travel writer whose books include The
Longest Way Home (2012) and Walking With Sam (2021).(安德鲁·麦卡锡在时代定义的电影中扮演过重要角色，
如《红粉佳人》、《圣艾尔摩之火》和《零度以下》。但他同时也是一位屡获殊荣的旅行作家，其著作包
括《最长的回家路》(2012年出版) 和《与萨姆同行》(2021年出版) )”可知，《与萨姆同行》这本书是由一
位获奖旅行作家所写，内容应与旅行相关，可能是一本旅行回忆录。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“McCarthy had hoped the trip would be a way to re-examine their evolving
relationship, as Sam was just stepping into his own manhood. “I wanted to get to know my son. Not just in the
parent-child, dominant-submissive or unruly roles, but as adults, as equals, as peers,” he said.(麦卡锡曾希望这次
旅行能成为重新审视他们父子关系演变的一种方式，因为萨姆正步入自己的成年期。“我想了解我的儿子。
不仅仅是在父母与子女、支配与顺从或是叛逆的角色中，而是作为成年人，作为平等的人，作为同辈。”
他如此说道)”可知，麦卡锡开始这段冒险是为了与他的儿子建立联系，作为成年人、平等的伙伴来了解彼
此。故选C项。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The book’s structure follows the path of the Camino, with a chapter per day
over the course.(这本书的结构遵循了Camino路线的进程，沿途每天都设有一章节)”可知，《与萨姆同行》
一书按照他们在Camino de Santiago行走的路径来结构化，每一天作为一个章节，这是按照事件发生的顺
序来展开叙述的。故选D项。
8．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In one scene McCarthy realizes Sam is suffering from a sugar crash, and
offers him a protein bar he’s been saving for just such a moment. “I reach out and rub his shoulder,” McCarthy
writes.“He nods softly, gratefully. We sit together as thousands upon thousands of dandelion puffs float in the air
like dancing diamonds.” Walking with Sam captures this encouraging and hopeful expedition as the pair walk
across the country and towards one another.(在一个场景中，麦卡锡意识到萨姆正遭受低血糖的困扰，于是递
给他一根之前特地保存下来的蛋白棒。“我伸出手，揉了揉他的肩膀，”麦卡锡写道，“他轻轻地点点头，
满怀感激。我们一起坐着，成千上万的蒲公英绒球在空中飘舞，如同舞动的钻石。”《与萨姆同行》记录
了这一鼓舞人心且充满希望的旅程，这对父子穿越国家，走向彼此)”可知，作者认为这本书是鼓舞人心且
感人的。故选B项。
3. （23-24高三·广东湛江·阶段练习）
My legs were shaking, my heart pounding. As we neared the edge of the cliff (悬崖), I double-checked all my
equipment to make sure it was secure. I felt anxious, and I was not eager for my turn as I waited in line with the
members of my group. Fear rose from the pit of my stomach as I realized there was no one else to let in front of me.Slowly, I lowered myself to the edge of the nearly 200-foot cliff. My skin shook like a dozen earthquakes when I
reached the person who hooked me to the belaying ropes, which kept me from falling. He hooked me up, and I
slowly lowered myself over the edge of the cliff, breathed deeply, and went into a sitting position with both feet in
front of me. I closed my eyes, took a deep breath, and began to go down.
Panic took over as I reached a point where my feet could no longer touch the rocky wall. The wall was right
there, fooling me. My foot made contact with the wall, causing me to turn around. As I slowly began to spin around
an interesting thing happened; my panic disappeared suddenly. The beautiful view of the surrounding area
overcame me. All the different-sized trees were evergreens, which seemed to blanket the hillside. The forest was
filled with life as different types of animals raced across my field of vision. As I looked upward the sky seemed to
open up into a blue vastness. A sense of excitement overtook me. I’d been waiting for this moment, night and day,
for one long month, and finally my dream had become reality. I began to feel calmer and more relaxed.
As I finally neared the bottom of the cliff, there seemed to be less animal activity. When I looked up, the cliff
did not seem so frightening. My feet were shaky when they finally touched the soft and muddy ground. My heart
swelled with pride. Traveling on the muddy road, I began the long climb upward.
9．How did the author feel when he was about to go down the cliff?
A．Excited. B．Eager. C．Frightened. D．Anxious.
10．Why did the person hook the author to the belaying ropes?
A．To let him go down faster. B．To place him over the edge.
C．To ensure his safety. D．To tie him to the tree.
11．When did the author begin to spin around?
A．When his feet couldn’t touch the rocky Wall. B．As soon as his feet touched the rocky wall again.
C．When he lowered himself down the cliff.D．After his feet touched the ground.
12．What was the author going to do after going down the cliff?
A．Climb up the cliff once more. B．Go slowly down the mountain.
C．Camp on the soft ground. D．Climb up the mountain.
【答案】9．C 10．C 11．B 12．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者一次下悬崖的经过以及在此过程中的感受。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Fear rose from the pit of my stomach as I realized there was no one else to let
in front of me.”(当我意识到在我前面没有其他人时，恐惧从我心底升起。)可知，轮到作者开始下崖的时候，
他感到害怕。故选C项。
10．推理判断题。根据第一段的“My skin shook like a dozen earthquakes when I reached the person who
hooked me to the belaying ropes. which kept me from falling. ”(当我走到那个把我绑在保护绳上的人身边时，
我的皮肤像地震一样颤抖，这让我没掉下去。)可知，他这样做是为了防止作者掉下去，也就是保证作者的
安全。故选C项。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段的“My foot made contact with the wall, causing me to turn around.”(我的脚碰到
了崖壁，使我旋转起来。)可知，作者的脚接触到了崖壁，这使他旋转了起来。故选B项。
12．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Traveling on the muddy road, I began the long climb upward.”（在泥泞的路上，我开始了漫长的向上攀登。）可知，作者继续往山上爬。故选D项。
4. （2022·江西南昌·模拟预测）
Tina Leverton was 62 when she bought her first pair of ballet shoes. She said putting her feet into the soft
leather was very emotional. She said:“I’ve waited a long time for it.”
A few days later, Leverton took her first ballet class after seeing an advertisement in a newspaper. It showed
older women dancing in a class near Leverton’s house. “As I came in the door, I found a big smile on my face.
From the minute I started, I felt like coming home.”
Leverton had longed to dance as a child. Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were first-
generation Indian immigrants, struggling to make a living in the UK. Her father was a train driver on the
underground in London and her mother held two cleaning jobs. However, she harboured her dream of being a
ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员).
At her present age, a grand plie—lowering to the floor with bent knees seemed to be out of the question. It
took her three months to master the move: leaping and landing on one foot. “I love the struggle and the challenge of
learning something new. People in their 60s have a lot of self-limiting beliefs: ‘I can’t do it,’ ‘I’m not good enough.’
And maybe they’re not good enough. But it doesn’t matter,” she said.
Ballet has been transformative. At a medical appointment a few months after Leverton’s first class, a nurse
measured her at 163cm, half an inch taller than she had thought . She attributes (归因) the difference to improved
posture. Her muscle tone has improved and her lower back pain has stopped. Dancing has also brought new friends.
She met a group of older, more independent women and worked together towards a team award with the Royal
Academy of Dance. And then, of course, there is the joyful feeling. “Ballet is all the therapy (治疗) I’ll ever need,”
said Leverton.
13．How had Leverton been feeling about taking a ballet class?
A．Confident B．Shy C．Bored D．Expectant
14．Why did Leverton fail to take a ballet class in her youth?
A．The ballet class was unaffordable for her family.
B．Her parents prevented her from doing so.
C．Her family was busy immigrating to the UK.
D．She had to hold two cleaning jobs.
15．What did dancing bring to Leverton?
A．A team award. B．Health and friendship.
C．Fame and wealth. D．A well-paid job.
16．What can be learned from Leverton’s story?
A．Never too old to pursue dreams. B．Hard work pays off.
C．Interest is the path to success. D．Actions speak louder than words.
【答案】13．D 14．A 15．B 16．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Tina Leverton在62岁时实现了她长久以来的梦想——开始学习芭蕾舞，并从中获得了许多积极的改变。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Tina Leverton was 62 when she bought her first pair of ballet shoes. She said
putting her feet into the soft leather was very emotional. She said:“I’ve waited a long time for it.” (蒂娜·莱弗顿在
62岁时买了她的第一双芭蕾舞鞋。她说把脚放进柔软的皮革里非常激动。她说：“我等这一刻已经等了很
久。”)”可知，她穿上芭蕾舞鞋时感到非常激动，这表明她对参加芭蕾舞课充满了期待。故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were first-generation
Indian immigrants, struggling to make a living in the UK. (不幸的是，她的父母无法负担芭蕾舞课的费用，因
为他们是第一代印度移民，在英国努力维持生计)”可知，她年轻时未能参加芭蕾舞课的原因是家庭经济状
况。故选A项。
15．细节理解题。根据第五段“Ballet has been transformative. At a medical appointment a few months after
Leverton’s first class, a nurse measured her at 163cm, half an inch taller than she had thought . She attributes(归
因)the difference to improved posture. Her muscle tone has improved and her lower back pain has stopped.Dancing
has also brought new friends. (芭蕾舞已经改变了她。在莱弗顿上第一节课几个月后的一次医疗预约中，一
名护士量出她的身高为163厘米，比她想象的高了半英寸。她将这种差异归因于改善了的体态。她的肌肉
张力有所提高，她的下背痛也已经停止了。跳舞也带来了新朋友。)”可知，跳舞还为她带来了新朋友，她
与一群更年长、更独立的女性一起努力，获得了皇家舞蹈学院的团队奖项。因此，跳舞给她带来了健康和
友谊。故选B项。
16．推理判断题。根据第四段“I love the struggle and the challenge of learning something new. (我热爱学习新
事物的挣扎和挑战)”和第五段“Ballet is all the therapy I’ll ever need, (芭蕾舞是我所需要的所有治疗)”可知，
追求梦想永远不嫌晚。尽管她直到62岁才开始学习芭蕾舞，但她的经历表明，无论年龄多大，只要有决心
和努力，都可以实现自己的梦想。故选A项。
5. （2024·北京朝阳·二模）
When I was nine, my best friend nearly choked to death on a gobstopper, a type of hard candy. After several
attempts, she coughed up the candy. I haven’t had a gobstopper since and I have carried with me a fear of seeing
that scene again. Sadly, as I discovered this week, lightning can strike twice.
I was getting off a tube train in London when I noticed a woman coughing. I slowed down, watching her
carefully. I had learned that coughing is rarely a sign that something is terribly wrong. Suddenly, the woman
stopped coughing, her eyes widened and she bent over.
When I went over to ask if she was OK, she looked up at me, panicked, and pointed to her back. I started
hitting her back and screaming for help. Despite having watched a few videos, I was terrified that I wouldn’t be
able to correctly perform the Heimlich, a first-aid method, and that I would have to walk away with guilt for her
death. But it was just the two of us, alone at an underground station; if I didn’t try to help, no one would.
Thankfully, much like with my friend, after a few sharp hits, whatever had been stuck in her throat came loose. She
thanked me, almost embarrassed, and walked up to the lift. I followed behind her, shaking, with tears in my eyes.
By the time we reached the lift, we had both calmed down. She took my hands and thanked me again, before
disappearing. She might have been fine without my hurried hits on her back — I may not have actually saved her
life — but at least she knew that someone, a stranger whom she would never see again, cared.This experience also taught me about the bystander effect, where people assume others assumed to be
available during an emergency, direct help from others is far less likely to will help, leading to inaction. I get it: the
fear of making things worse, especially if you have no medical training, is real. Research suggests that when a
“medically competent” person is assumed to be available during an emergency, direct help from others is far less
likely to occur. Sometimes, though, regardless of who else could be nearby, it may be useful to get involved. So it
was with the coughing woman on the tube.
17．How did the friend’s choking incident affect the author?
A．She lived with a sense of guilt.
B．She realized the importance of first aid.
C．She developed a fear of witnessing similar events.
D．She deepened her understanding of the bystander effect.
18．What did the author do to help the woman on the tube?
A．She relieved the woman’s coughing.
B．She walked the woman up to the lift.
C．She found a “medically competent” person for her.
D．She performed first aid by hitting the woman’s back.
19．Which situation can be described as the bystander effect?
A．You volunteered to help an old man carrying a heavy bag.
B．You asked your brother who is a doctor to save a dying woman.
C．You avoided involvement when seeing an injured lady on the road.
D．You walked away after the rescue men asked you to leave the scene.
20．What can we learn from this passage?
A．A good tun deserves another. B．Every cloud has a silver lining.
C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Action speaks louder than inaction.
【答案】17．C 18．D 19．C 20．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在地铁上帮助了一个被噎住的女性，虽然没帮上大忙，但
是对方还是感谢了作者，让作者认识到行动胜于无为。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段“When I was nine, my best friend nearly choked to death on a gobstopper, a type
of hard candy. After several attempts, she coughed up the candy. I haven’t had a gobstopper since and I have carried
with me a fear of seeing that scene again.(我九岁的时候，我最好的朋友差点被一种叫gobstopper的硬糖噎死。
几次尝试后，她咳出了糖果。从那以后，我再也没有吃过gobstopper，我一直害怕再次看到那一幕)”可知，
朋友的窒息事件让作者对目睹类似的事件产生了恐惧。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据第三段“I started hitting her back and screaming for help.(我开始拍打她的背部，大声
呼救)”以及“Thankfully, much like with my friend, after a few sharp hits, whatever had been stuck in her throat
came loose.(谢天谢地，就像我的朋友一样，在几次猛烈的拍打之后，卡在她喉咙里的东西松动了)”可知，
作者通过拍打女人的背部来进行急救，来帮助地铁上的女人。故选D。
19．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This experience also taught me about the bystander effect, where peopleassume others assumed to be available during an emergency, direct help from others is far less likely to will help,
leading to inaction.(这段经历也教会了我“旁观者效应”，即人们认为别人在紧急情况下可以提供帮助，而
别人的直接帮助远不太可能提供帮助，从而导致不作为)”可知，C选项“当你在路上看到一位受伤的女士
时，你避免了介入”属于旁观者效应。故选C。
20．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“She might have been fine without my hurried hits on her back—I may not
have actually saved her life—but at least she knew that someone, a stranger whom she would never see again,
cared.(如果没有我匆忙拍她的背，她可能也会没事——我可能并没有真正救了她的命——但至少她知道有
个人，一个她再也见不到的陌生人关心她)”以及最后一段“Sometimes, though, regardless of who else could
be nearby, it may be useful to get involved.(不过，有时候，不管谁在附近，参与进来可能会很有用)”可知，故
事告诉我们行动胜于无为。故选D。
6. （2024·新疆·三模）
A few inspiring clues kept the rescuers going: the remains of fruit with bitemarks made by small human teeth,
a pair of scissors and nappies (尿布) in the rainforest mud. All offered hope that four children, who come from the
Huitoto Indigenous tribe, had miraculously survived a plane crash on May I in southern Colombia. The oldest of
them was 13 and the youngest was only 11 months old. They were alive with tigers, poisonous snakes, storms and
other threats under the dense green canopy of trees and vegetation.
The remains of the Cessna light aircraft were found two weeks later, with the bodies of three adults still
inside. But there was no sign of the children. A long search through the forest began. Helicopters hovered over the
area around the crash, broadcasting message s from the children’s grandmother, telling them they hadn’t been
forgotten, urging them to stay in one place, and dropping packets of food that may have helped them survive.
“This isn’t a search for a needle in a haystack (干草堆), but a tiny flea (跳蚤) in a vast carpet, as they keep
moving,” the captain of the search team told Colombian journalists. “Their bodies haven’t appeared, and I’m sure
that we would have already found them if they were dead.”
Then on a Friday in June, army radios sounded. “Miracle, miracle, miracle, miracle”. It was the army code
for a child found alive; repeated four times meant all four had survived.
Although malnourished, and covered in insect bites, none were in a serious condition. The military posted
pictures of a group of soldiers and volunteers posing with the children, who were wrapped in blankets. The
education of survival skills the children got from their grandmother, a respected elder in the Araracuara indigenous
territory, was almost certainly vital to their survival.
“They’ve given us an example of total survival that will go down in history,” said Colombia’s president,
Gustavo Petro, calling it “a joy for the whole country”.
21．How many people were on board the plane that crashed?
A．4. B．5. C．6. D．7.
22．Why did it take about one month to find the children?
A．There was no timely rescue.
B．They were constantly in motion.
C．The accident left them badly injured.D．Wild animals became a great threat for the search.
23．What’s the captain’s attitude towards the children’s survival?
A．Optimistic. B．Doubtful. C．Subjective. D．Concerned.
24．What is the key contributor to the children’s survival?
A．The pictures taken by the soldiers. B．The messages sent by the army.
C．The tips from their grandmother. D．The encouragement of the president.
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．A 24．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一架飞机在丛林中失事后，对四个幸存的孩子的搜救过程及他
们能幸存的原因。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句中的“All offered hope that four children, who come from the Huitoto
Indigenous tribe, had miraculously survived a plane crash on May I in southern Colombia.”(所有这些都给来自
Huitoto土著部落的四个孩子带来了希望，他们在5月1日哥伦比亚南部的一次飞机失事中奇迹般地活了下
来。)以及第二段第一句中的“The remains of the Cessna light aircraft were found two weeks later, with the
bodies of three adults still inside.”(两周后，塞斯纳轻型飞机的残骸被发现，机内仍有三具成人尸体。)可知，
飞机上有四个幸存的孩子并且飞机上还有三个遇难的大人，所以，乘坐飞机的共有七人。故选D项。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段搜救队的队长所说的“This isn’t a search for a needle in a haystack, but a tiny
flea in a vast carpet, as they keep moving,”（搜索队队长告诉哥伦比亚记者：“这不是大海捞针，而是在巨大
的地毯上寻找一只小跳蚤。”。）可知，之所以花了一月之久才找着这些孩子，是因为他们在丛林中不断
的移动。故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第三段搜救队队长所说的““Their bodies haven’t appeared, and I’m sure that we
would have already found them if they were dead.””（“他们的尸体还没有出现，我相信如果他们死了，我们
早就找到了。”）可知，队长对这些孩子的幸存持有乐观态度。故选A项。
24．推理判断题。根据文章第五段的最后一句“The education of survival skills the children got from their
grandmother, a respected elder in the Araracuara indigenous territory, was almost certainly vital to their
survival.”（孩子们从祖母那里获得的生存技能教育，几乎可以肯定对他们的生存至关重要。）可知，孩子
们的祖母对孩子们生存技能的教育对他们的幸存起到了至关重要的作用。故选C项。
题型二 记人型记叙文的考查
1. （2024·广东江门·二模）
Clair Hughes first began to research money-saving ideas to get out of her £3,500 student overdraft (透支额).
The shopper started surfing the Internet for discount coupons (优惠券) and cut price offers. Revealing how she
seldom pays full price for an item, Ms Hughes says, “Discounts are always there; it’s just a matter of being
organized. Before starting this, I thought it’d be much work, but now I’m so used to this lifestyle that it’s automatic
to me. I must have easily saved over £15,000.”
Ms Hughes first focused on saving money back in 2010, when she moved in with her partner, Shane Byrne, a
phone company trainer. After turning to the web for advice, she tried out a few clever money-saving tricks like
switching her overdraft to a zero-interest account. Then, several years later, she came across an online communityfor “couponers” and decided to give it a go.
She started spending hours surfing the web for coupons, printing them all out to take with her whenever she
went shopping. Over the years, she has managed to get some impressive catches. Once, two lamps worth £140 cost
her just £35.
Two years ago, Ms Hughes also began using cashback apps where you are given money back on items
ranging from beers to toiletries. After each shop, she uploads pictures of her receipts, which are then scanned, and
money is given back on certain items.
Among her other top money-saving tips, Ms Hughes recommends taking part in paid online surveys, which
have earned her hundreds in discount coupons. She says, “I’ve heard a lot about collecting other people’s
abandoned receipts from shopping trolleys to check for missed discounts. I can’t believe how much coupons and
cashback apps have helped me. The community does benefit me a lot. There will always be someone on hand to
explain how it works.”
1．What does saving money mean to Clair Hughes?
A．It’s part of her daily life. B．It makes her shop less.
C．It’s a way to leave school. D．It keeps her work organized.
2．What can we know about Clair Hughes?
A．She always asks Shane for suggestions.
B．She likes going shopping with her friends.
C．She has bought some goods in low prices.
D．She is good at discussing prices with others.
3．What does the last paragraph mainly show?
A．Hughes’ feelings of her life. B．Hughes’ ways to get coupons.
C．Hughes’ appreciation for society. D．Hughes’ difficulty in saving money.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．A Graduate Enjoys Shopping B．A Community Collects Coupons
C．A Woman Focuses on Saving Money D．A Shopper Is Famous for Saving Money
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Clair Hughes研究省钱妙招，通过网络搜寻优惠券和返现应
用，精打细算，累积节省过万英镑，告别学生透支生活，大大受益于这一节俭生活方式。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Before starting this, I thought it’d be much work, but now I’m so used to this
lifestyle that it’s automatic to me.(在这之前，我以为这会是很繁重的工作，但现在我已经如此习惯这种生活
方式，以至于它对我而言已经成了自然而然的事情)”可知，省钱已经成为她日常生活的一部分。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Over the years, she has managed to get some impressive catches. Once, two
lamps worth £140 cost her just £35.(多年来，她设法获得了一些令人印象深刻的便宜货。有一次，她只花了
35英镑就买到了两盏价值140英镑的灯)”可知，她以低价购买了一些商品。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Among her other top money-saving tips, Ms Hughes recommends taking
part in paid online surveys, which have earned her hundreds in discount coupons.(在她的其他顶级省钱技巧中，Hughes女士推荐参与有偿在线调查，这已为她赢得了数百张折扣券)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了她获取优
惠券的方法。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Clair Hughes first began to research money-saving ideas to get out of her
£3,500 student overdraft (透支额).The shopper started surfing the Internet for discount coupons (优惠券) and cut
price offers.(Clair Hughes最初开始研究省钱的方法，以便摆脱3,500英镑的学生透支问题。这位购物者开始
上网搜寻折扣券和降价优惠)”和最后一段中“Among her other top money-saving tips, Ms Hughes recommends
taking part in paid online surveys, which have earned her hundreds in discount coupons.(在她的其他顶级省钱技
巧中，Hughes女士推荐参与有偿在线调查，这已为她赢得了数百张折扣券)”可知，全文写了Clair Hughes
如何通过各种方式在购物中最大限度地省钱的故事，所以“一个女人专注于省钱”适合作为文章标题。故
选C。
2. （2024·河北·模拟预测）
When I arrive at Falconwood Bee Farm, Kant Kaye in already deep into checking hive (蜂箱) boxes, unaware
of my presence. I overhear her chatting with the bees, their soft hum (嗡嗡声) filling the air between words of
encouragement and negotiation.
Kaye was born with extreme deafness. While Kaye is able to hear with the assistance of hearing aids she
usually removes them when she’s working. “Sounds aren’t natural to me,” she explains, “I just love the peace and
quiet. When I’m with the bees, I don’t need to hear, I can focus better when I’m not constantly disturbed.”
Equipped with only her hood (头巾), hive tool, and smoker, Kaye moves at a steady and calculated pace. I’m
overdressed, having borrowed a full protective suit for the occasion. She instructs me to remove the gloves I
brought and tells me where to stand so as to avoid stressing out the bees. Kaye’s gentle, careful style makes me feel
at ease around her insects. The more time we spend together, the more I come to appreciate Kaye’s passion for
bees, as well as the ways that being hard of hearing has influenced her unique approach to the craft.
In her practice, she emphasizes natural beekeeping techniques that employ minimal chemical interventions.
And she’s able to get all the information she needs to tend to the hives by relying on her other senses. Perhaps
above all else, what makes Kaye an exceptional beekeeper is almost philosophical. Excelling at her job has
everything to do with adaptation, managing the countless variables that arise on any given day. Is there too much
rain? Too little? When will the flowers bloom? Will they produce enough honey? She responds accordingly, making
sure not to disturb the bees’ rhythm and balance.
“There is a spiritual side to beekeeping,” she said. “You can’t fully control them, like with anything in
nature, really. Some years you get a great honey season. Some years are horrible and you lose 50 percent of your
hive. There’s a lot of heartbreak but a lot of joy, too, in just working outside with these creatures—a living super
organism.”
5．Why does Kaye work without hearing aids?
A．To feel at ease. B．To better concentrate.
C．To reduce dependence on them. D．To avoid the humming noise of the bees.
6．What can be inferred from paragraph 3?
A．Kaye knows the bees very well.B．A protective suit is necessary for Kaye.
C．Losing hearing brings trouble to Kaye’s work.
D．The author is too frightened to follow Kaye’s instructions.
7．What matters most for Kaye to become an exceptional beekeeper?
A．Her remarkable honey production.
B．Her natural beekeeping techniques.
C．Her knowledge on weather conditions.
D．Her capability of handling daily uncertainties.
8．What is Kaye like?
A．Creative and brave. B．Passionate and skilled
C．Deaf but ambitious D．Heartbroken but determined.
【答案】5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了作者访问法尔肯伍德蜜蜂农场时与养蜂人Kant Kaye的互动
和交流。通过作者的观察和Kant Kaye的自述，展现了Kant Kaye的个人经历、工作方式和对待养蜂的独特
态度。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“While Kaye is able to hear with the assistance of hearing aids she usually
removes them when she’s working. “Sounds aren’t natural to me,” she explains, “I just love the peace and quiet.
When I’m with the bees, I don’t need to hear, I can focus better when I’m not constantly disturbed.”(虽然Kaye在
助听器的帮助下能够听到声音，但她通常在工作时摘下助听器。“声音对我来说不自然，”她解释说，
“我只是喜欢和平与安静。当我和蜜蜂在一起的时候，我不需要听到什么，当我不被打扰的时候，我可以
更好地集中注意力。”)”可知，她不带助听器是为了减少外界声音的干扰，以便更好地集中注意力工作。
故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“She instructs me to remove the gloves I brought and tells me where to stand
so as to avoid stressing out the bees. Kaye’s gentle, careful style makes me feel at ease around her insects. The
more time we spend together, the more I come to appreciate Kaye’s passion for bees, as well as the ways that being
hard of hearing has influenced her unique approach to the craft.(她让我摘掉带来的手套，并告诉我应该站在哪
里，以免给蜜蜂造成压力。Kaye温柔、细心的风格让我在她的昆虫身边感到自在。我们在一起的时间越长，
我就越欣赏Kaye对蜜蜂的热情，以及听力障碍对她独特的工艺方法的影响。)”可知，作者提到，他们在一
起的时间越长，就越能欣赏到Kaye对蜜蜂的热爱，以及听力不佳对她在这一行中的独特方式的影响。这
表明Kaye对蜜蜂有深入的了解和亲密的接触。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Perhaps above all else, what makes Kaye an exceptional beekeeper is almost
philosophical. Excelling at her job has everything to do with adaptation, managing the countless variables that arise
on any given day. Is there too much rain? Too little? When will the flowers bloom? Will they produce enough
honey? She responds accordingly, making sure not to disturb the bees’ rhythm and balance.(也许最重要的是，
Kaye成为一名杰出养蜂人的原因几乎是哲学上的。她在工作上的出色表现与适应能力密切相关，需要对每
天出现的无数变数进行管理。雨水太多了吗？太少？花儿什么时候开放？它们能酿出足够的蜜吗？她做出
相应的反应，确保不扰乱蜜蜂的节奏和平衡。)”可知，Kaye能够应对日常的不确定性，如天气、花的开花时间和蜂蜜产量等，这种能力对她来说至关重要。故选D。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The more time we spend together, the more I come to appreciate Kaye’s
passion for bees, as well as the ways that being hard of hearing has influenced her unique approach to the craft.(我
们在一起的时间越长，我就越欣赏Kaye对蜜蜂的热情，以及听力障碍对她独特的工艺方法的影响。)”可知，
Kaye对养蜂有着深厚的热情。再根据文章第四段“Perhaps above all else, what makes Kaye an exceptional
beekeeper is almost philosophical. Excelling at her job has everything to do with adaptation, managing the
countless variables that arise on any given day. (也许最重要的是，Kaye成为一名杰出养蜂人的原因几乎是哲
学上的。她在工作上的出色表现与适应能力密切相关，需要对每天出现的无数变数进行管理。)”可知，她
的养蜂技艺高超。因此，可以推断出Kaye是一个既热情又技艺高超的人。故选B。
3.（2024·贵州·三模）In Telangana, southern India, a 17-year-old teenager, Hemesh Chadalavada, is
making waves with a game-changing invention that has the potential to revolutionize dementia (痴呆) care.
When Hemesh was 12､his grandmother Jayasree, then 63, accidentally left the gas on in the kitchen after
making herself a cup of tea. The incident frightened Hemesh who found himself wondering what would have
happened if he hadn’t been there.
Witnessing his grandmother suffer from dementia, Hernesh knew that he had to do something, so he turned
to the Internet. After watching robotics courses online and taking advantage of his passion for coding, Hemesh set
about creating a smart device.
He spent time in a day centre to learn more about the needs of people with dementia. And 20 failed versions
later, the Alpha Monitor was born. Using advanced machine learning technology, the device, which can be worn on
the wrist, sends an automatic alert to caregivers when any abnormal activity is detected, such as if the user falls
down, wanders off, or has an accident. While other devices rely on Wi-Fi and are therefore unable to detect
movements outside a limited range, the Alpha Monitor uses long-range technology that can detect a person’s
movements more than a mile away in cities and three miles away in the countryside.
Sadly, Jayasree passed away last year, but her death has only reinforced Hemesh’s determination to continue
his mission of improving dementia care far and wide. Dhruv Saidava, Hemesh’s mentor, said, “I first met Hemesh
in 2019 during Ideate for India... Hemesh stood out. What set him apart was his exceptional talent for thorough
research and hands-on ability.”
In future, he plans to do research at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi and improve the Alpha
Monitor so that it’s ready for market. He has made it clear that he wants the device to be sold at an affordable price
so that it’s accessible to people in less developed countries.
9．What inspired Hemesh’s invention?
A．The concern about his grandma’s security.
B．The enthusiasm for robotics development.
C．The sympathy for people suffering from dementia.
D．The desire to research into machine learning technology.
10．How is Alpha Monitor superior to other devices?
A．It goes through a series of tests.B．It can detect abnormal activities.
C．It is equipped with an alert system.
D．It monitors a person’s farther distance.
11．What does the underlined word “reinforced” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Changed. B．Illustrated. C．Strengthened. D．Restored.
12．Which of the following can best describe Hemesh?
A．Strong-willed and adventurous. B．Warm-hearted and creative.
C．Responsible and sensitive. D．Stubborn and generous.
【答案】9．A 10．D 11．C 12．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了印度17岁的青少年Hemesh Chadalavada发明了一款名为Alpha
Monitor的智能设备，该设备可以应用于痴呆症患者的监测。
9．细节理解题。由第二段“When Hemesh was 12､his grandmother Jayasree, then 63, accidentally left the gas
on in the kitchen after making herself a cup of tea. The incident frightened Hemesh who found himself wondering
what would have happened if he hadn’t been there. (Hemesh 12岁时，他63岁的祖母Jayasree在给自己泡了一
杯茶后，不小心让煤气在厨房里开着。这件事吓坏了Hemesh，他发现自己在想，如果他不在那里会发生
什么)”可知，63岁的祖母Jayasree泡茶后忘关煤气，因Hemesh对祖母安全的担心，才激发了Hemesh发明
Alpha Monitor。故选A项。
10．细节理解题。由第四段中“While other devices rely on Wi-Fi and are therefore unable to detect movements
outside a limited range, the Alpha Monitor uses long-range technology that can detect a person’s movements more
than a mile away in cities and three miles away in the countryside. (虽然其他设备依赖Wi-Fi，因此无法检测有
限范围外的运动，但Alpha Monitor使用远程技术，可以检测一英里外城市和三英里外农村的人的运动)”可
知，Alpha Monitor优于其他设备的地方在于它可以监测一个人的更远距离的运动。故选D项。
11．词句猜测题。由第五段中“Sadly, Jayasree passed away last year, but her death has only reinforced
Hemesh’s determination to continue his mission of improving dementia care far and wide. (不幸的是，Jayasree于
去年去世，但她的去世只会reinforced Hemesh继续其改善痴呆症护理使命的决心)”和最后一段中“In
future, he plans to do research at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi and improve the Alpha Monitor so
that it’s ready for market. (未来，他计划在德里印度理工学院（IIT）进行研究，并改进Alpha Monitor，使其
为市场做好准备)”可知，未来Hemesh要改进Alpha Monitor并使其进入市场，可得出祖母的去世加强了他
继续其改善痴呆症护理使命的决心，划线词意为“Strengthened (加强)”。故选C项。
12．推理判断题。由第二段中“When Hemesh was 12､his grandmother Jayasree, then 63, accidentally left the
gas on in the kitchen after making herself a cup of tea. The incident frightened Hemesh who found himself
wondering what would have happened if he hadn’t been there. (Hemesh 12岁时，他63岁的祖母Jayasree在给自
己泡了一杯茶后，不小心让煤气在厨房里开着。这件事吓坏了Hemesh，他发现自己在想，如果他不在那
里会发生什么)”和第三段中“After watching robotics courses online and taking advantage of his passion for
coding, Hemesh set about creating a smart device. (在网上观看了机器人课程后，利用他对编码的热情，
Hemesh开始创造一种智能设备)”可知，63岁的祖母Jayasree泡茶后忘关煤气，因Hemesh对祖母安全的担
心，才激发了Hemesh发明Alpha Monitor，可得出Hemesh既暖心又有创造力。故选B项。3.（2024·河北沧州·三模）
It was a common schedule for Andrew Chi-Chih Yao. First he gave a lesson in the morning to the Pilot
Computer Science class. With two foreign scholars, he conducted a seminar at 2:00 that afternoon for graduate
students. Afterward, Professor Yao exchanged ideas with the visiting Minister of Education and the Minister of
Technology, on the development of world-class disciplines in China’s universities. By late that afternoon, Professor
Yao was ready to turn to his own research. It was just a very common day for Tsinghua University’s Professor Yao.
Professor Yao, a world-renowned computer scientist, received the A．M. Turing Award in 2000 for his
fundamental contributions to the theory of computation. He once worked at such universities as MIT, Stanford, UC
Berkeley, and Princeton. He left Princeton in 2004 to become a Tsinghua University Professor of Computer
Science.
Professor Yao had a life changing experience when he met Chinese Computer Science scholars in 2002 at an
academic meeting in Shanghai. Some Tsinghua graduate students happened to attend his lectures in Shanghai. The
following year, Professor Yao accepted an invitation from Tsinghua University to help build the Chair Professor
Group of the Department of Computer Science and Technology. In 2004, Yao formally joined Tsinghua University’s
Center for Advanced Studies as Full Professor.
Professor Yao’s appearance fills a major gap in theoretical computer science research in China. As a result of
Professor Yao’s efforts to build a world class presence computer science, Tsinghua now is able to attract leading
students, scholars, and conferences in core computer science specialties. Professor Yao has also made strategic
steps to strengthen Tsinghua’s computer science and technology undergraduate education. Professor Yao’s
theoretical courses help strengthen the students’ knowledge in computer theory. It is the first time for a Chinese
university to offer such courses.
Professor Yao is trying hard to move China’s efforts in computer science and technology toward world class
standards. “If we follow the right path, Tsinghua’s efforts in computer science will lead to great scientific
breakthroughs in the coming several years,” Professor Yao confidently concludes.
13．What is the function of the first paragraph?
A．To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
B．To imply Professor Yao is devoted to work.
C．To show extreme respect for Professor Yao.
D．To tell readers more about Tsinghua University.
14．What happened before Professor Yao left Princeton?
A．He served at three universities at the same time.
B．He was interviewed by Tsinghua graduate students.
C．He applied for a full time job to Tsinghua University.
D．He got a very invitation from Tsinghua University.
15．What is the main contribution of Professor Yao?
A．He has made great efforts to open computer science major.
B．He has helped start theoretical computer science research.C．He has done research in core computer science specialties.
D．He has attracted more leading students from the world.
16．What message does the author want to convey in the passage?
A．Professor Yao is founder of computer science in China.
B．Professor Yao helps develop China’s computer science.
C．Professor Yao has contributed to the development of China.
D．Professor Yao has made great breakthroughs in science.
【答案】13．B 14．D 15．B 16．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了世界著名计算机学家姚期智努力帮助发展我国的计算机科学的事迹。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段中“It was a common schedule for Andrew Chi-Chih Yao. First he gave a lesson in
the morning to the Pilot Computer Science class. With two foreign scholars, he conducted a seminar at 2:00 that
afternoon for graduate students. Afterward, Professor Yao exchanged ideas with the visiting Minister of Education
and the Minister of Technology, on the development of world-class disciplines in China’s universities. By late that
afternoon, Professor Yao was ready to turn to his own research. It was just a very common day for Tsinghua
University’s Professor Yao. (对姚期智来说，这是一个常见的日程安排。首先，他上午给计算机科学试点班
上了一节课。当天下午2点，他和两位外国学者一起为研究生举行了研讨会。随后，姚教授与来访的教育
部部长和科技部部长就中国高校建设世界一流学科进行了交流。那天下午晚些时候，姚教授准备开始自己
的研究。)”可知，本段作用是要说明姚教授致力于工作。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He left Princeton in 2004 to become a Tsinghua University Professor of
Computer Science.(他于2004年离开普林斯顿大学，成为清华大学计算机科学教授。)”和第三段“Professor
Yao had a life changing experience when he met Chinese Computer Science scholars in 2002 at an academic
meeting in Shanghai. Some Tsinghua graduate students happened to attend his lectures in Shanghai. The following
year, Professor Yao accepted an invitation from Tsinghua University to help build the Chair Professor Group of the
Department of Computer Science and Technology. In 2004, Yao formally joined Tsinghua University’s Center for
Advanced Studies as Full Professor.( 2002年，姚教授在上海的一次学术会议上遇到了中国计算机科学学者，
这段经历改变了他的一生。一些清华的研究生碰巧在上海听了他的讲座。翌年，姚教授获清华大学邀请，
协助成立清华大学计算机科学与技术学系讲座教授小组。2004年，他正式加入清华大学高等研究中心，担
任正教授。)”可知，姚教授离开普林斯顿大学之前收到了清华大学的邀请。故选D项。
15．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Professor Yao’s appearance fills a major gap in theoretical computer science
research in China.(姚教授的出现填补了中国理论计算机科学研究的一个重大空白。)”可知，姚教授的主要贡
献是填补了我国计算机科学理论研究的一大空白。故选B项。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“Professor Yao is trying hard to move China’s efforts in
computer science and technology toward world class standards. (姚教授正在努力推动中国在计算机科学和技术
方面的努力达到世界一流水平。)”可知，本文讲述了姚教授努力帮助发展中国的计算机科学的事迹。故选
B项。
4.（2024·河北衡水·三模）Living for 97 years is an impressive achievement in and of itself. Most people hitting this milestone are
probably thankful for what health they have and the memories they’ve made. In the case of TV host and
conservationist Sir David Attenborough, he can reflect on a life of activism in service for our planet. The British
icon turned an impressive 97 on May 8, 2023. Born in 1926, Attenborough has spent most of his life on camera for
the BBC covering animals and natural history. Today, despite his age, he is still an active campaigner for our planet.
Attenborough, who received a degree in natural sciences from Cambridge University, joined the BBC full-
time in 1952. He travelled around the world with his Zoo Quest programme, highlighting different creatures.
Afterwards, he created his iconic series Life on Earth in 1979. Since then, he has created and starred in countless
programmes which have brought nature closer to viewers around the world.
His recent documentary with World Wildlife Fund, David Attenborough: A Life On Our Planet, often returns
to a theme which has predominated in Attenborough’s later work. He reflects on just how much the environment
has changed in his decades of observation and how swiftly time is running out before further serious damage can be
prevented. This programme was widely streamed and considered a “wake up call” for the world.
While Attenborough is far from the first or only voice to raise this call, his reach as a respected and powerful
figure within the BBC provides a useful platform.
Although he has received countless awards, Attenborough has used recent accolades (荣誉) as a chance to
focus once more on the planet. Shortly after winning the Champions of the Earth Lifetime Achievement Award in
2022, he sent an urgent message about the state of the planet to all viewers in Frozen Planet Ⅱ, Even after his 97th
birthday, he continues to write and speak on preserving the UK and the world for future generations.
17．What is Sir David Attenborough known for?
A．The possession of treasures. B．The memories about activities.
C．The rewards as a British icon. D．The contribution to protecting the earth.
18．How did Sir David Attenborough try to get nature and his audience closer?
A．By majoring in natural science in university,
B．By travelling throughout the world while in BBC．
C．By siting closer to viewers when hosting programmes.
D．By staring and starring in many relevant programmes.
19．What can we know about A Life Om Our Planet?
A．It features environment protection.
B．It is about how swiftly time runs out of one’s life.
C．It is received by few viewers and thought little of.
D．It provides a powerful and useful platform for BBC．
20．Which words can best describe Sir David Attenborough?
A．Dependent and curious. B．Devoted and responsible.
C．Humorous and passionate. D．Ambitious and self-centred.
【答案】17．D 18．D 19．A 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。大卫•爱登堡不仅是一位杰出的自然博物学家，还是勇敢无畏的探险家和旅行家，他被世人誉为“世界自然纪录片之父”。他自1952年进入BBC工作以后，一直参与主持、创作人
与自然的相关节目。如今97岁高龄的他早已获奖无数，却仍然为保护地球而奔走奋斗。
17．细节理解题。根据第一段“In the case of TV host and conservationist sir David Attenborough, he can reflect
on a life of activism in service for our planet.(以电视节目主持人、环保主义者大卫·阿滕伯勒爵士为例，他可
以反思为地球服务的激进主义生活)”和最后一句 “Today, despite his age, he is still an active campaigner for
our planet.(今天，尽管他年事已高，他仍然是我们星球的积极活动家)”可知，97岁高龄的 David
Attenborough 因其积极保护地球的行为而为世人熟知。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据第二段“Since then, he has created and starred in countless programmes which have
brought nature closer to viewers around the world.(从那时起，他创作并主演了无数节目，让世界各地的观众
更接近大自然)”可知，David Attenborough创办 并主演了很多能拉近自然和观众之间距离的节目。故选
D。
19．细节理解题。根据第三段“His recent documentary with world wildlife Fund, David Attenborough: A Life
on our planet, often returns to a theme which has predominated in Attenborough, s later work. He reflects on just
how much the environment has changed in his decades of observation and how swiftly time is running out before
further serious damage can be prevented.(他最近与世界野生动物基金会合作的纪录片《大卫·阿滕伯勒:我们星
球上的生命》经常回归到阿滕伯勒后期作品的主要主题。他反思了在他几十年的观察中，环境发生了多大
的变化，在防止进一步的严重破坏之前，时间是多么紧迫)”可知，David Attenborough在A Life on our
planet中反思几十年来的环境变化，感叹时间飞逝，如何抓紧时间阻止对地球的损害，可见A Life on our
planet 的特征是保护环境，故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even after his 97th birthday, he continues to write and speak on preserving the
UK and the world for future generations.(即使在他97岁生日之后，他仍在为子孙后代保护英国和世界而写作
和演讲)” 可知，过完 97岁生日的 Attenborough仍然继续为保护地球发声，为下一代付出，可见
Attenborough是一个为事业积极投入，对世界、对下一代负责的人。故选B。
5.（2024·内蒙古·三模）
From a fish and chip stall, Jenny has come to be the toast of London’s foodie scene. She has achieved a
remarkable feat by becoming a famous chef, a distinction that has been a dream coming true for her. “It’s still
sinking in,” she said, expressing her surprise at the overwhelming social media response to her accomplishment.
Her restaurant is a unique space where modern West African cuisine takes center stage, highlighting the rich
culinary (烹饪的) traditions of Nigeria’s Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo ethnic groups. “In my restaurant, I bring together
these three culinary traditions, providing an exciting journey for diners,” Jenny described. Each dish tells a story,
from a black sauce for fish, a postpartum (产后的) meal for new mothers, to a fermented tomato sauce.
Jenny’s love for food began at a young age, but she was initially guided towards a more traditional career
path. She studied biological sciences in university, where she also ran a fish and chip cart. Her move to the UK in
1999 marked the beginning of her journey towards culinary success.
As for her, her restaurant is not only a restaurant but also Jenny’s way of honoring her heritage and the food
her grandmother used to prepare. “The memory of my grandmother’s cooking inspires me every day,” she shared.Jenny’s cooking shows heartfelt respect for her roots, and her mission is to showcase the flavors of her culture.
Jenny longs to be a role model for chefs from diverse backgrounds. She recognizes the value of
representation and hopes her success can inspire other chefs in the UK. She notes that while the industry is slowly
becoming more inclusive, it’s crucial for employers, landlords, critics, and investors to expand their perspectives to
support a variety of cuisines.
Her fame is a testament (证明) to her talent and dedication, but it’s the personal connection to her dishes and
the memories of home-cooked meals that truly fuel her passion. Jenny’s story is a shining example of how one can
achieve their dreams while staying true to their cultural identity.
21．What is the character of Jenny’s restaurant?
A．It serves traditional British cuisine.
B．It is famous for postpartum meals only.
C．It is managed by a social media influencer.
D．It features West African culinary traditions.
22．What was Jenny’s initial step to her career path?
A．Being a biological sciences student.
B．Being a social media influencer.
C．Being a corporate executive.
D．Being a professional chef.
23．What can we infer about Jenny?
A．She prioritizes commercial success over culture.
B．She aims to westernize traditional Nigerian cuisine.
C．She uses her restaurant as a medium for scientific research.
D．She integrates her personal history with her professional knowledge.
24．What does Jenny desire to contribute to the culinary world?
A．Celebrity status. B．Culinary revolution.
C．Diversity in cooking. D．Profits of her restaurant.
【答案】21．D 22．A 23．D 24．C
【导语】本文是记叙文。Jenny从摆炸鱼薯条摊起家，后来成为伦敦知名厨师。她用现代西非美食向民族
文化致敬并希望自己的经历能激励不同背景的厨师。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Her restaurant is a unique space where modern West African cuisine takes center
stage, highlighting the rich culinary (烹饪的) traditions of Nigeria’s Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo ethnic groups. “In my
restaurant, I bring together these three culinary traditions, providing an exciting journey for diners,” Jenny
described. Each dish tells a story, from a black sauce for fish, a postpartum (产后的) meal for new mothers, to a
fermented tomato sauce. (她的餐厅是一个独特的空间，现代西非美食的中心舞台，突出尼日利亚的豪萨，约
鲁巴，和伊博民族丰富的烹饪传统。“在我的餐厅里，我把这三种烹饪传统结合在一起，为食客们提供了
一次令人兴奋的旅程，”珍妮描述道。每道菜都有一个故事，从鱼的黑酱，新妈妈的产后餐，到发酵番茄
酱。)”可知，Jenny的餐厅的特点是它展示了现代西非的烹饪传统。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Jenny’s love for food began at a young age, but she was initially guided
towards a more traditional career path. She studied biological sciences in university, where she also ran a fish and
chip cart. Her move to the UK in 1999 marked the beginning of her journey towards culinary success. (珍妮对食物
的热爱从很小的时候就开始了，但她最初被引导到更传统的职业道路上。她在大学里学的是生物科学，还
经营过一辆炸鱼薯条车。)”可知，Jenny职业道路的开始是成为一名生物科学的学生。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据第四段“As for her, her restaurant is not only a restaurant but also Jenny’s way of
honoring her heritage and the food her grandmother used to prepare. “The memory of my grandmother’s cooking
inspires me every day,” she shared. Jenny’s cooking shows heartfelt respect for her roots, and her mission is to
showcase the flavors of her culture. (对她来说，她的餐馆不仅是一家餐馆，也是珍妮纪念她的传统和祖母曾
经做过的食物的方式。“对祖母烹饪的记忆每天都在激励着我，”她分享道。珍妮的烹饪表现了对她的根
发自内心的尊重，她的使命是展示她的文化的味道。)”可知，Jenny将自己的个人经历和对文化根源的尊重
融入她的专业知识中。故选D。
24．推理判断题。根据第五段“Jenny longs to be a role model for chefs from diverse backgrounds. She
recognizes the value of representation and hopes her success can inspire other chefs in the UK. She notes that while
the industry is slowly becoming more inclusive, it’s crucial for employers, landlords, critics, and investors to
expand their perspectives to support a variety of cuisines. (珍妮渴望成为来自不同背景的厨师的榜样。她认识
到代表性的价值，并希望她的成功能激励英国的其他厨师。她指出，虽然这个行业正在慢慢变得更具包容
性，但对于雇主、房东、评论家和投资者来说，扩大视野以支持各种美食是至关重要的。)”可知，Jenny渴
望在烹饪界中提倡多样性，成为不同背景厨师的榜样。故选C。
6. （23-24高三·河北衡水·期末）
Growing up in suburbia, yard work was punishment. I’d take almost anything else. I didn’t like being outside,
and I especially didn’t like bugs or dirt.
When I left home at 17 with a backpack of belongings, I figured my gardening days were behind me. There
were no yards to work in—only concrete! The concrete jungle that awaited me seemed like a welcome escape from
the outdoor chores that had once felt like a sentence.
It wasn’t until my mid-20s that I, thinking it was the adult thing to do, brought home a small daisy (雏菊) in
a pot to put on my fire escape. Less than 24 hours later, a squirrel (松鼠) arrived and dragged it away, pot and all.
That’s New York for you! I took it as a sign and didn’t try any more plants in that apartment.
When I married, my wife and I bought a house in outer Brooklyn. There was enough room to have a garden
if we wanted one. We decided to see if we could grow anything, mostly for the novelty factor. Much to my surprise,
digging in the dirt felt like fun and totally not a chore! In the early mornings, I would bend down to inspect the soil
waiting for the plants to appear. Watering at dusk, I whispered to the baby plants, expecting them to keep growing.
The plants kept the neighborhood squirrels fed and provided a place for bumblebees to nap. I felt a rush of power
and excitement.
As the flowers and vegetables bloomed, I noticed something in me was growing as well. Since running away
from home as a teenager, I’ve always done my best to build a shelter for myself wherever I was living. I hung
pictures on the walls. I built new holiday traditions with friends. I painted the walls bright colors. But it always feltlike maybe that deep connection to a particular space was missing. In gardening, I finally found this new layer of
depth. I guess you could say I was putting down roots.
There is an inspiring, self-care practice in the time and energy it takes to plant, water, and wait and wait to
see if the magic happens. It’s the act of growing that I find the sweetest.
What are you growing?
25．How does the author interpret his departure at 17?
A．As a necessary step for growth. B．As a great relief.
C．As an escape from social expectations. D．As a bittersweet transition.
26．What can we learn about the author at his mid-20s?
A．There was a shift in his perspective. B．He regarded a squirrel as a bad sign.
C．He began to miss the days before 17. D．A sense of responsibility grew in him.
27．What did the author harvest from gardening?
A．A colorful life. B．Friends’ respect.
C．Creative ideas. D．A sense of belonging.
28．The question at the end is intended to stimulate the readers to consider _______.
A．their own sources of growth B．the importance of gardening
C．the output of the growing plants D．their favorite flowers and vegetables
【答案】25．B 26．A 27．D 28．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从讨厌园艺到爱上园艺的过程。
25．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Growing up in suburbia, yard work was punishment. I’d take almost
anything else. I didn’t like being outside, and I especially didn’t like bugs or dirt.(在郊区长大，在院子里干活是
一种惩罚。我几乎什么都要做。我不喜欢呆在外面，我尤其不喜欢虫子和泥土。)”可知，作者并不喜欢园
艺。再根据第二段“When I left home at 17 with a backpack of belongings, I figured my gardening days were
behind me.(当我17岁带着一背包的东西离开家时，我以为我的园艺生涯已经过去了。)”根据，作者17岁离
开家时感到非常开心，因为他可以远离讨厌的园艺生活，并从此将它抛在脑后。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“It wasn’t until my mid-20s that I, thinking it was the adult thing to do,
brought home a small daisy (雏菊) in a pot to put on my fire escape.(直到二十多岁的时候，我想到这是成年人
该做的事，于是带了一朵装在花盆里的小雏菊回家，放在我的防火梯上。)”可知，作者20多岁的时候，对
园艺的看法有了改变。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“As the flowers and vegetables bloomed, I noticed something in me was
growing as well. Since running away from home as a teenager, I’ve always done my best to build a shelter for
myself wherever I was living. I hung pictures on the walls. I built new holiday traditions with friends. I painted the
walls bright colors. But it always felt like maybe that deep connection to a particular space was missing. In
gardening, I finally found this new layer of depth. I guess you could say I was putting down roots.(随着鲜花和蔬
菜的绽放，我注意到我身上的一些东西也在成长。自从十几岁离家出走以来，无论我住在哪里，我总是尽
我最大的努力为自己建立一个庇护所。我把画挂在墙上。我和朋友们建立了新的节日传统。我把墙壁涂成
鲜艳的颜色。但我总觉得，也许与某个特定空间的深层联系缺失了。在园艺方面，我终于找到了这种新的深度。我想你可以说我是在扎根。)”可知，作者离家以后，一直在努力建立一个庇护所，而通过园艺，作
者终于感到自己扎根了，也就是有了归属感。故选D。
28．推理判断题。根据文章第六段“There is an inspiring, self-care practice in the time and energy it takes to
plant, water, and wait and wait to see if the magic happens. It’s the act of growing that I find the sweetest.(这是一
种鼓舞人心的自我护理实践，花时间和精力去种植，浇水，等待，等待，看看奇迹是否会发生。我觉得成
长的过程最甜蜜。)”可知，作者在最后的发问是为了激发读者去思考自己的成长源自哪儿。故选A。
题型三 新闻报道的考查
1.（2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·模拟预测）Giant panda Fu Bao arrived at Chengdu Shuangliu International
Airport in Sichuan province on Wednesday, returning from South Korea.
Accompanied by veterinarians (兽医) and caregivers from the China Conservation and Research Center for
the Giant Panda and Everland Park of South Korea, Fu Bao headed to the isolation and quarantine area.
In preparation for Fu Bao’s return, the giant panda center has set up a quarantine facility at the Wolong
Shenshuping Base. During the isolation and quarantine period (在隔离检疫期间), a team of experts will help it
adapt to its new living environment.
Thousands of panda lovers gathered at Everland, the country’s largest theme park in Yongin, about 40 km
south of the capital Seoul, to say goodbye to the country’s top panda celebrity.
According to the agreement on giant panda protection and research cooperation, overseas-born giant panda
cubs are to return to China between the ages of 2 and 4. Fu Bao’s return was scheduled for this year. According to
Everland Park, over 1,000 visitors came daily to bid farewell to her before the scheduled departure.
1．Where did giant panda Fu Bao return from?
A．Japan B．South Korea C．Russia D．America
2．During the isolation and quarantine period, who will help Fu Bao adapt to its new living environment?
A．A team of experts B．Veterinarians C．Panda lovers D．Visitors
3．According to the agreement on giant panda protection and research cooperation, at what age overseas-born
giant panda cubs are to return to China?
A．between 1-3 B．between 2-5 C．between 3-6 D．between 2-4
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文是新闻报道。主要报道了大熊猫“福宝”从韩国返回中国四川。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Giant panda Fu Bao arrived at Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport in
Sichuan province on Wednesday, returning from South Korea. (从韩国返回的大熊猫“福宝”于周三抵达四川成
都双流国际机场)”可知，大熊猫福宝是从韩国返回的。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“During the isolation and quarantine period (在隔离检疫期间), a team of experts
will help it adapt to its new living environment. (在隔离和检疫期间，专家团队将帮助它适应新的生活环境。)”
可知，在隔离检疫期间，一组专家会帮助福宝适应新的生活环境。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“According to the agreement on giant panda protection and research
cooperation, overseas-born giant panda cubs are to return to China between the ages of 2 and 4. (根据大熊猫保护和研究合作协议，海外出生的大熊猫幼崽将在2岁至4岁之间返回中国。)”可知，根据大熊猫保护与研究
合作协议的规定，海外出生的大熊猫幼崽应该在2至4岁之间返回中国。故选D项。
2.（2024·宁夏银川·一模）A bird thought to be extinct for about 140 years has been rediscovered in the
forests of Papua New Guinea.
The black-naped pheasant-pigeon was documented by scientists for the first and last time in 1882.
Rediscovering the bird required an expedition team to spend a month on Fergusson, an island off eastern Papua
New Guinea. The team consisted of local staff at the Papua New Guinea National Museum as well as international
scientists. Fergusson Island is covered in mountainous terrain (地形) which makes the expedition especially
challenging for the scientists.
Just two days before the team was scheduled to leave the island, a camera trap captured footage of the rare
bird. “After a month of searching, seeing those photos of the pheasant-pigeon felt like finding a unicorn (独角兽),”
said John C． Mittermeier, co-leader of the expedition team.
Insight from local residents was crucial for the scientists to track down the bird. “It wasn’t until we reached
villages on the western slope of Mt. Kilkerran that we started meeting hunters who had seen and heard the
pheasant-pigeon,” said Jason Gregg, another co-leader of the expedition team.” We became more confident about
the local name of the bird, which is ‘Auwo’, and felt like we were getting closer to the core habitat of where the
bird lives.”
The scientists placed a total of 12 camera traps on the slopes of Mt. Kilkerran, which is Fergusson’s highest
mountain. And they placed another 8 cameras in locations where local hunters reported seeing the bird in the past.
A hunter named Augustin Gregory, based in the mountain village Duda Ununa, told the team that he had seen
the bird in an area with “steep ridges and valleys”. So the team placed a camera on a 3,200-foothigh ridge near the
Kwama River above Duda Ununa. Finally, it was this camera that captured footage of the bird walking on the forest
floor.
The rediscovery was a shock for the scientists and local residents. “They were very excited when they saw
the survey results, because many of them hadn’t seen or heard of the bird until we began our project and got the
camera trap photos. They are now looking forward to working with us to protect the bird,” said Jason Gregg. “But
first we will work together to identify the population of the bird.”
And the rediscovery might provide hope that other bird species thought to be extinct are still out there
somewhere.
4．What can we infer about Fergusson from paragraph 2?
A．It is known for its biological diversity.
B．It is the largest island of Papua New Guinea.
C．It is where the bird was originally documented.
D．It is the site of the Papua New Guinea National Museum.
5．What did John C． Mittermeier show in his words in paragraph 3?
A．His despair of rediscovering the bird.
B．The unique value of studying the bird.C．The difficulty in photographing the bird.
D．His excitement of rediscovering the bird.
6．Why is Augustin Gregory particularly mentioned in the text?
A．He acted as the team’s tour guide.
B．He was quite familiar with the bird.
C．He provided the team with a key clue.
D．He told the team the bird’s local name.
7．What may the team plan to do next?
A．Look for other rare bird species.
B．Figure out the number of the bird.
C．Improve locals’ protection awareness.
D．Work with local hunters to catch the bird.
【答案】4．C 5．D 6．C 7．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了科学家在巴布亚新几内亚当地居民的帮助下，在森林中重新
发现了一种被认为已经灭绝了大约140年的鸟类，并希望能确定这种鸟的数量。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The black-naped pheasant-pigeon was documented by scientists for the first
and last time in 1882. Rediscovering the bird required an expedition team to spend a month on Fergusson, an island
off eastern Papua New Guinea (1882年，科学家们第一次也是最后一次记录了这种黑颈野鸡鸽。重新发现这
只鸟需要一支探险队在巴布亚新几内亚东部的Fergusson岛上呆上一个月)”可推知，Fergusson是这只鸟最
初被记录下来的地方。故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“After a month of searching, seeing those photos of the pheasant-pigeon felt
like finding a unicorn (独角兽) (经过一个月的搜寻，看到野鸡鸽子的照片就像找到了一只独角兽)”可知，
John C. Mittermeier在第三段的话中表明他对重新发现那只鸟感到兴奋。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“A hunter named Augustin Gregory, based in the mountain village Duda
Ununa, told the team that he had seen the bird in an area with “steep ridges and valleys”.(一位名叫Augustin
Gregory的猎人住在Duda Ununa山村，他告诉团队，他在一个“陡峭的山脊和山谷”地区看到了这只鸟)”
以及“Finally, it was this camera that captured footage of the bird walking on the forest floor.(最后，正是这台相
机拍摄到了这只鸟在森林地面上行走的画面)”可知，文章中特别提到Augustin Gregory是因为他为团队提供
了一条关键线索。故选C。
7．推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲到“But first we will work together to identify the population of the bird.
(但首先，我们将共同确定这种鸟的数量)”可推知，团队下一步计划算出那种鸟的数目。故选B。
3.（2024·河北·模拟预测）Standing on the South Pole at the start of the year with the wind blowing across
the Antarctic, travel blogger Johnny Ward felt a wave of relief.
Just a week before, in early January 2024, he’d struggled through snow and ice to climb to the top of the
Vinson Massif, Antarctica’s highest peak. Years before, in 2017, he’d become the first Irish person to visit every
country in the world.Now, after decades of traveling and mountaineering, Ward could claim another world first — the Ultimate
Explorer’s Grand Slam (大满贯), which involves reaching the highest peak on every continent, and visiting both
the North and South Poles in addition to visiting every country.
“I feel relieved,” Ward recalled as he slowly made his way back to his home in Thailand after climbing to the
top of the Vinson Massif and then setting foot on the South Pole. “But also I’m aware I’m a normal guy, not a
world-class athlete, so I guess it was more about resilience and determination more than any ability. Although I
met with lots of barriers, I overcame them one by one.”
Ward had previously devoted a decade of his life, between 2007 and 2017, to visiting every country in the
world. The incredible journey saw him hitchhike (搭便车) a ride on a container ship from Oman to Socotra in
Yemen, travel overland from Cairo to Cape Town and travel from South Korea to Australia by bus and boat.
“It had been a huge life goal, over a decade of my life, and then when I finished that I was aimless and had
no idea what to do next,” he said. “I started eating badly, drinking too much, putting on weight and I ignored my
business.”
Ward decided that the best way to overcome this was to challenge himself again. He began running
ultramarathons (超级马拉松) and climbing mountains, and soon found that with extreme purpose and direction, he
was back to loving life again.
So where will Ward go next? Space? The bottom of the Mariana Trench, the deepest point of the ocean? “All
good things come after suffering, and I want to share that with people. So that’s the next plan,” he said.
8．What did Johnny Ward achieve in early January 2024?
A．He climbed to the highest peak in Antarctica.
B．He set a new record for traveling in Antarctica.
C．He became the first person to visit the South Pole.
D．He became the first Irish person to visit every country.
9．What does the underlined word “resilience” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．The ability to bounce back from difficulties. B．The quality of being strong and honest.
C．The skill of achieving goals quickly. D．The power to control one’ s emotions.
10．How did Johnny Ward feel after achieving his life goal in 2017?
A．Relaxed. B．Satisfied. C．Lost. D．Excited.
11．Which of the following can best describe Johnny Ward?
A．Helpful and motivated. B．Athletic and generous.
C．Proud and self-centered. D．Determined and strong-willed.
【答案】8．A 9．A 10．C 11．D
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述旅行博主约翰尼·沃德（Johnny Ward）登上了南极洲最高峰文森
峰的顶峰的情况。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Just a week before, in early January 2024, he’d struggled through snow and ice to
climb to the top of the Vinson Massif, Antarctica’s highest peak. (就在一周前，也就是2024年1月初，他艰难
地穿过冰雪，登上了南极洲最高峰文森峰的顶峰。)”可知，2024年1月初，约翰尼·沃德登上了南极洲最高峰文森峰的顶峰。故选A。
9．词句猜测题。根据第四段“But also I’m aware I’m a normal guy, not a world-class athlete, so I guess it was
more about resilience and determination more than any ability. Although I met with lots of barriers, I overcame
them one by one. (但我也知道我是一个普通人，不是世界级的运动员，所以我想这更多的是关于resilience
和决心，而不是任何能力。尽管我遇到了很多障碍，但我一个接一个地克服了它们。)”可知，这里描述约
翰尼·沃德在克服一个又一个困难时具备的品质，应该是有能力一次又一次的面对并解决困难，所以
resilience的意思应该是“恢复力”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第六段““It had been a huge life goal, over a decade of my life, and then when I
finished that I was aimless and had no idea what to do next,” he said. “I started eating badly, drinking too much,
putting on weight and I ignored my business.”(他说：“这是我十多年来的一个巨大的人生目标，当我完成这
一目标时，我毫无目标，不知道下一步该做什么。我开始吃得不好，喝太多酒，体重增加，我忽视了我的
生意。”)”可知，约翰尼·沃德在2017年实现人生目标后变得没有目标了，很迷茫。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据第四段“Although I met with lots of barriers, I overcame them one by one. (尽管我遇到
了很多障碍，但我一个接一个地克服了它们。)”，第五段“Ward had previously devoted a decade of his life,
between 2007 and 2017, to visiting every country in the world. The incredible journey saw him hitchhike (搭便车)
a ride on a container ship from Oman to Socotra in Yemen, travel overland from Cairo to Cape Town and travel
from South Korea to Australia by bus and boat. (沃德之前曾在2007年至2017年期间花了十年时间访问世界上
的每一个国家。在这段不可思议的旅程中，他搭上了一艘集装箱船，从阿曼到也门的索科特拉，从开罗到
开普敦，从韩国乘公共汽车和船到澳大利亚。)”和第七段“Ward decided that the best way to overcome this
was to challenge himself again. He began running ultramarathons (超级马拉松) and climbing mountains, and soon
found that with extreme purpose and direction, he was back to loving life again. (沃德决定，克服这一问题的最
好方法是再次挑战自己。他开始跑超级马拉松和登山，很快发现，带着极端的目标和方向，他又回到了热
爱生活的状态。)”可知，约翰尼·沃德克服困难，实现目标登顶南极洲最高峰文森峰的顶峰，之前花了十年
时间访问世界上的每一个国家，可得出他是一个很有决心和意志坚强的人。故选D。
4.（2024·安徽合肥·三模）As young children went back to school across Sweden last month, many of their
teachers were putting a new emphasis on printed books, quiet reading time and handwriting practice and devoting
less time to tablets, independent online research and keyboarding skills.
The return to more traditional ways of learning is a response to experts’ doubt on the country’s over-
digitalized approach to education, which has even introduced tablets into kindergartens. They are worried that it has
already led to a decline in basic skills.
The rapid adoption of digital learning tools has also drawn concern from a United Nations’ education agency.
In a report published last month, the agency issued an urgent call for appropriate use of technology in education.
The report urges countries to speed up Internet connections at schools, but at the same time warns that technology
in education should be used in a way so that it never replaces in-person, teacher-led instruction and supports the
shared objective of quality education for all.
However, online instruction is a hotly debated subject across Europe and other parts of the West. Germany
has been famously slow in moving information of all kinds online, including education. Many students can
complete their schooling without any kind of required digital instruction, such as coding. Most parents worry theirchildren may not be able to compete in the job market with technologically better-trained young people from other
countries. “If we don’t manage to make education digital, then we will no longer be a competitive country in 20
years,” said Sascha Lobo, one of the parents interviewed last year.
However, not all teachers are convinced that Sweden’s back-to-basics push is in the best interest for students.
“Technology is just one part of a really complex network of factors in education,” said Catarina Branelius, a third
grade teacher in the Swedish capital, Stockholm. “I use tablets in math, but I don’t use tablets for writing text.
Students under age 10 need time and practice and exercise in handwriting… before you introduce them to write on
a tablet.”
12．What did Sweden stress before this new school year?
A．Printed books. B．Handwriting practice.
C．Quiet reading time. D．Independent online research.
13．Which can best describe the approach suggested by the United Nations’ agency?
A．Textbook-centered. B．Balanced.
C．Over-digitalized. D．Traditional.
14．What can be known from paragraph 4?
A．Students in Germany do not heavily rely on computers. B．The German government is pushing for online
instruction.
C．German parents are happy with their children’s education. D．Teachers in Germany are ready to make
education digital.
15．What is Catarina Branelius’s attitude to the new policy?
A．Favorable. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.
【答案】12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了瑞典在新学年推行的新政策：回归基础，避免教育过度数
字化。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“As young children went back to school across Sweden last month, many of their
teachers were putting a new emphasis on printed books, quiet reading time and handwriting practice and devoting
less time to tablets, independent online research and keyboarding skills. (上个月，随着瑞典各地的孩子们返校，
他们的许多老师开始重新强调纸质书、安静的阅读时间和书写练习，减少了在平板电脑、独立在线研究和
键盘技能上的时间)”可知，瑞典此前强调学生通过网络独立研究问题的能力。故选D项。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In a report published last month, the agency issued an urgent call for
appropriate use of technology in education. The report urges countries to speed up Internet connections at schools,
but at the same time warns that technology in education should be used in a way so that it never replaces in-person,
teacher-led instruction and supports the shared objective of quality education for all. (在上个月发布的一份报告
中，该机构紧急呼吁在教育中适当使用技术。该报告敦促各国加快学校的互联网连接，但同时警告说，教
育技术的使用方式不应取代面对面的、教师主导的教学，而应支持全民优质教育的共同目标)”可知，联合
国机构建议中适当使用技术，既敦促加快学校的互联网连接，又提醒不能让技术取代基础的教学。由此可
知，这种方法是均衡的。故选B项。14．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Germany has been famously slow in moving information of all kinds online,
including education. Many students can complete their schooling without any kind of required digital instruction,
such as coding. (众所周知，德国在将包括教育在内的各种信息转移到网上的速度很慢。许多学生可以在没
有任何必要的数字教学的情况下完成学业，比如编程)”可知，德国的学生不太依赖电脑。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Catarina Branelius所说的话“Technology is just one part of a really
complex network of factors in education (技术只是教育中一个非常复杂的因素网络的一部分)”和“I use tablets
in math, but I don’t use tablets for writing text. Students under age 10 need time and practice and exercise in
handwriting… before you introduce them to write on a tablet. (我用平板电脑做数学，但我不用它写文章。10岁
以下的学生在你教他们在平板电脑上写字之前，需要时间和练习书写)”可知，Catarina Branelius可能认为
新政策错误地高估了技术在教育中的影响力，感到新政策有点矫枉过正。由此可知，他对新政策持怀疑的
态度。故选C项。
5.（2024·河北保定·二模）Since the African Union first launched Great Green Wall in 2007, the initiative
has struggled to make headway. Made up of local efforts across 11 countries, it has reached just 16% of its overall
goal. But last month, the project, which analysts estimate will cost at least $30 billion, got a major boost: a total of
$14 billion in funding over the next 5 years from a union of international development banks and governments.
Environmental restoration and community development specialists welcomed the news. But many are also
apprehensive. In recent years, research by ecologists and social scientists has shown that many forestry projects in
Africa have failed because they didn’t adequately address fundamental social and ecological issues.
The project leaders often planted species in places where they didn’t belong, and did little to help the young
trees survive. “Tree planting is often viewed as the simple act of digging a hole,” forest scientist Karen Holl said.
“But this short-term view has resulted in large quantities of money being spent on efforts that have failed almost
entirely.”
In Africa, the adoption of one approach called Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR), is credited
with regreening a notable portion of the Sahel. The low-cost restoration technique took off in Niger in the 1980s
and has since spread to other nations. It relies on farmers to protect and nurture trees that grow from existing root
systems and seeds in the soil. Over decades, FMNR has led to greater tree cover and other ecological benefits, such
as higher soil carbon content, researchers have found.
But many efforts, particularly those not led by local communities, stumble (蹒跚而行). Newly planted trees
can die of neglect when planners don’t engage communities from the start in discussions about which species to
plant, as well as whether residents are willing and able to provide the water, fertilizer, and protection from grazing
animals that trees need. “The farmers are often busy and have their own priorities; they will not manage trees that
they do not value,” forest specialist Abayneh Derero wrote in a study.
16．What is the good news for Great Green Wall?
A．It will get more funds. B．It will be completed soon.
C．More countries will build it. D．More scientists will study it.
17．What should the forestry project leaders do to get success?
A．Address their own issues properly.
B．Help young African people survive.C．Act according to the local conditions.
D．Learn how to dig holes and plant trees.
18．Why is FMNR mentioned in the text?
A．To analyse a different reason B．To offer a practicable solution.
C．To present a social background. D．To explain a similar phenomenon.
19．What does the last paragraph stress about the forestry project?
A．It’s vital to protect trees from animals.
B．The farmers have their own priorities.
C．The residents’ abilities need developing.
D．Local people’s involvement is important.
【答案】16．A 17．C 18．B 19．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是2007年非洲联盟发起的“绿色长城”的倡议取得重大推进，
并分析了该倡议进展缓慢的原因，同时提供了一个可行的解决方案。
16．细节理解题。根据首段中的“But last month, the project, which analysts estimate will cost at least $30
billion, got a major boost: a total of $14 billion in funding over the next 5 years from a union of international
development banks and governments.(但上个月，该项目得到了重大推动：未来5年，国际开发银行和政府联
盟将提供总计140亿美元的资金。分析人士估计，该项目至少将耗资300亿美元。)”可知，国际开发银行
和政府联盟将提供总计140亿美元的资金给该项目，由此可知，对“绿色长城”倡议的好消息是会得到更
多的资金。故选A项。
17．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In recent years, research by ecologists and social scientists has shown that
many forestry projects in Africa have failed because they didn’t adequately address fundamental social and
ecological issues.(近年来，生态学家和社会科学家的研究表明，非洲的许多林业项目都失败了，因为它们没
有充分解决根本的社会和生态问题。)”可知，许多林业项目失败的原因是没有充分解决根本的社会和生态
问题，结合第三段中的“The project leaders often planted species in places where they didn’t belong, and did
little to help the young trees survive.(项目负责人经常在不属于它们的地方种植物种，对帮助幼树存活几乎没
有什么帮助。)”可知，项目负责人在不属于它们的地方种植物种，这都导致项目的失败，由此可知，要想
取得成功，项目负责人应该了解当地的实际情况，选择适合当地条件的物种种植。故选C项。
18．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In Africa, the adoption of one approach called Farmer-Managed Natural
Regeneration (FMNR), is credited with regreening a notable portion of the Sahel.(在非洲，一种被称为农民管理
的自然再生(FMNR)的方法被认为使萨赫勒地区的大部分地区重新绿化。)”可知，非洲一种农民管理的自然
再生法使得萨赫勒地区的大部分地区重新绿化，说明这种方法对重新绿化有效，结合下文中的“Over
decades, FMNR has led to greater tree cover and other ecological benefits, such as higher soil carbon content,
researchers have found.(研究人员发现，几十年来，FMNR带来了更大的树木覆盖和其他生态效益，比如更
高的土壤碳含量。)”可知，研究发现FMNR带来更大的树木覆盖和其他生态效益，FMNR带来的生态效益
与“绿色长城”项目遭到失败形成对比，所以提到FMNR的目的是提供了一个可行的解决方案。故选B
项。
19．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“But many efforts, particularly those not led by local communities, stumble (蹒跚而行). Newly planted trees can die of neglect when planners don’t engage communities from the start in
discussions about which species to plant, as well as whether residents are willing and able to provide the water,
fertilizer, and protection from grazing animals that trees need.(但许多努力，特别是那些不是由当地社区领导的
努力，都步履蹒跚。如果规划者从一开始就没有让社区参与讨论种植哪些物种，以及居民是否愿意和能够
提供树木所需的水、肥料和保护，新种植的树木可能会因忽视而死亡。)”可知，没有当地社区领导的努力
都是徒劳，没有让社区参与讨论种植哪种物种或者居民不愿参与其中，新种植的树木都会因被忽略而死
亡，由此可知，最后一段强调的是当地居民的参与对林业的发展很重要。故选D项。
题型 阅读理解
A
（2024·上海杨浦·二模）A forest in Staffordshire (in the UK) transformed into a hi-tech laboratory.
Researchers here are investigating how the trees use carbon, and it’s difficult to find out. In an unusual experiment,
extra carbon dioxide is piped to the trees, to create the kind of atmospheric conditions expected in the middle of the
century. And instruments measure how the forest reacts.
The scientist in charge says there’s still a lot to learn. And he worries that governments and companies are
rushing to plant trees as an easy answer to climate change. “If you try and use trees to tidy up the mess that we’re
making through emissions, you are putting those trees into a very rapidly changing climate and they will struggle to
adapt,” said Professor Rob MacKenzie, University of Birmingham.
This device tracks the movement of carbon dioxide. In a healthy forest, the gas is not only absorbed by the
trees but some is released as well. What scientists here are finding out is the way carbon flows into a forest and out
of it is a lot more complicated than you might think. So, if mass tree planting is meant to be a solution to tackling
climate change, the trees are going to have to be monitored and cared for, over not just decades, but may be
centuries as well.
Of all the challenges, the task of planting is the simplest. Shelby Barber from Canada can do an amazing
4,000 trees in a day. “People talking about planting millions billions of trees around the world. Is it possible do you
think, physically?” asked BBC．
“It’s definitely possible with the right amount of people, the right group of people. I’ve personally, in three
years, planted just over half a million trees.” said Professor Rob MacKenzie.
Once planted, the trees need to survive, and experts are mixing different types to minimize the risk of
disease. “It’s a bit like making sure you don’t put all your eggs in one basket, you’re spreading out your risk. And
then if one part of that woodland fails, for whatever reason, it gets a disease or it can’t tolerate future climatic
conditions, there are other parts of the forest that are healthy and able to fill in those gaps.” said Eleanor Tew ofForestry England.
Suddenly there’s momentum to plant trees on a scale never seen before. So what matters is doing it in a way
that ensures the forests thrive — so they really do help with climate change.
20．Why is extra carbon dioxide piped to the trees in the experiment?
A．To predict the future atmospheric conditions.
B．To imitate the possible air condition in the future.
C．To create an instrument to measure atmospheric conditions.
D．To investigate the quality of air condition in the future.
21．The underlined word “some” in the second paragraph refers to __________.
A．oxygen B．carbon dioxide C．mess D．purified gas
22．What will Eleanor Tew suggest concerning the survival of the forest?
A．Minimizing the area of the woodland.
B．Studying future climatic conditions.
C．Planting different types of trees.
D．Avoiding mixing different species.
23．Which statement concerning mass tree planting will Professor Rob Mackenzie mostly likely agree with?
A．It should be advocated in terms of efficiency and convenience.
B．It is the most effective solution to fighting climate changes.
C．It will do more harm than good to the health of the environment.
D．It needs to be studied further as a measure against climate change.
【答案】20．B 21．B 22．C 23．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在英国斯塔福郡的森林，研究人员利用高科技手段探究树木
如何利用碳，并通过向树木输送额外的二氧化碳模拟未来气候条件。尽管种植树木是简单的，但科学家警
告政府和公司不要过度依赖此举应对气候变化，强调需谨慎植树以确保森林的健康并适应未来气候。
20．细节理解题。根据第一段的“In an unusual experiment, extra carbon dioxide is piped to the trees, to create
the kind of atmospheric conditions expected in the middle of the century.(在一项不同寻常的实验中，额外的二
氧化碳通过管道输送到树木中，以创造出预计在本世纪中叶出现的那种大气条件。)”可知，实验中多余的
二氧化碳会通过管道输送到树木中是为了模拟未来可能出现的空气状况。故选B。
21．指代猜测题。根据第三段的“This device tracks the movement of carbon dioxide. In a healthy forest, the
gas is not only absorbed by the trees but some is released as well. What scientists here are finding out is the way
carbon flows into a forest and out of it is a lot more complicated than you might think.(这个装置追踪二氧化碳的
运动。在一个健康的森林里，气体不仅被树木吸收，而且一些也被释放出来。科学家们在这里发现的是碳
流入和流出森林的方式比你想象的要复杂得多。) ”可知，二氧化碳既被树木吸入又被排出，则some一词
指代的是二氧化碳。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的““It’s a bit like making sure you don’t put all your eggs in one basket,
you’re spreading out your risk. And then if one part of that woodland fails, for whatever reason, it gets a disease or
it can’t tolerate future climatic conditions, there are other parts of the forest that are healthy and able to fill in thosegaps.” said Eleanor Tew of Forestry England.(“这有点像确保你不要把所有的鸡蛋放在一个篮子里，你是在分
散风险。然后，如果森林的一部分因为某种原因，生病了，或者无法忍受未来的气候条件，那么森林的其
他部分是健康的，能够填补这些空白。英国林业部门的埃莉诺·图说。)”可知，关于森林的生存，埃莉诺·图
会提出了种植不同类型的树木来降低风险。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据第二段的“The scientist in charge says there’s still a lot to learn. And he worries that
governments and companies are rushing to plant trees as an easy answer to climate change. “If you try and use trees
to tidy up the mess that we’re making through emissions, you are putting those trees into a very rapidly changing
climate and they will struggle to adapt,” said Professor Rob MacKenzie, University of Birmingham.(负责这项研究
的科学家表示，还有很多东西需要学习。他还担心，政府和企业急于种树，作为应对气候变化的简单办
法。伯明翰大学的罗布·麦肯齐教授说：“如果你试图用树木来清理我们通过排放造成的混乱，你就是把这
些树木放进了一个非常迅速变化的气候中，它们将很难适应。”)”可知，罗布·麦肯齐教授认为需要进一步
研究和监测树木的种植，以确保它们真正有助于应对气候变化。因此罗伯·麦肯齐教授认为作为应对气候变
化的一项措施，需要进一步对其进行研究。故选D。
B
（2024·上海浦东新·三模）My husband and I live near San Luis Obispo, California, close to the beach. In
November 2023, during the humpback whale migration, we kayaked (划皮划艇) out to watch the wildlife. We
were in awe watching these graceful whales breach and spray through their blowholes.
At the time, my friend Liz was staying with us. Initially, she refused to join us on the water, fearing the
kayak would overturn among the whales. After some cajoling (劝说) she finally agreed to join me. The following
morning, we set out early and had our first whale sighting just past the pier: two humpbacks swimming toward us.
How amazing to be that close to a creature that size, I thought as the whales dipped under the waterline.
When whales go down after breaching, they leave what looks like an oil slick on the water. I figured if we
paddled toward that spot, we’d be safe from the whales, since they’d just left. We followed them at a distance — or
what I thought was a distance. I later found out that it’s recommended to keep 300 feet away. We were more like 60
feet away.
Suddenly, we were surrounded by jumping silverfish fleeing from the whales. Before we could react, our
kayak was lifted out of the water about six feet, bracketed by massive jaws. Liz and I slipped out of the kayak into
the whale’s mouth. As the whale’s mouth closed, I felt the creature begin to dive and had no idea how deep we’d be
dragged. Still, I didn’t panic. I just kept thinking. I’ve got to fight this. I’ve got to breathe.
Whales have enormous mouths but tiny throats. Anything they can’t swallow they spit right out. That
included us. As soon as the whale dipped underwater, it ejected us, and we popped back up onto the surface about a
foot apart. The entire ordeal lasted only about 10 seconds.
Other kayakers rushed to our aid, shocked to see us alive. But I am much more aware of the power of nature
and the ocean than I was before. Liz was shaken up, comparing the ordeal to a near-death experience, and she says
her whale-watching days are over. But even she had to laugh when she got home that afternoon and realized she’d
brought back a souvenir. When she pulled off her shirt, six silverfish flopped out.
24．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．At first, Liz was hesitant to go on the kayaking trip because she was not interested in whale watching.B．If Liz and I had maintained a distance of 300 feet from the whales, we might have avoided the subsequent
danger.
C．Liz and I slipped into the whale’s mouth because jumping silverfish overturned our kayak.
D．Liz is likely to go on another whale-watching trip someday because she found a precious souvenir from
this kayaking.
25．How did the narrator feel during the whale encounter?
A．Terrified and panicked. B．Disoriented underwater
C．Calm and focused. D．Regretful about going kayaking.
26．The underlined word “ordeal” in Paragraph 5 probably means____.
A．a challenging or difficult experience B．a thrilling experience
C．a surprising encounter D．a joyful adventure
27．What would be the best title of this passage?
A．How to Survive a Whale Attack B．Respecting the Power of Nature
C．A Day at San Luis Obispo Beach D．I Survived Being Swallowed By a Whale
【答案】24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2023年11月，作者和家人朋友划皮划艇去看鲸鱼并遇到危险的
经历。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“At the time, my friend Liz was staying with us. Initially, she refused to join us
on the water, fearing the kayak would overturn among the whales. (当时，我的朋友莉兹和我们在一起。起初，
她拒绝和我们一起下水，担心皮划艇会在鲸鱼群中倾覆。)”可知莉兹担心皮划艇会在鲸鱼群中倾覆才不去
潜水的，A选项错误；第三段“I later found out that it’s recommended to keep 300 feet away. We were more
like 60 feet away. (后来我发现，建议保持300英尺的距离。我们离得只有60英尺远。)”可知B选项正确；
第四段“Suddenly, we were surrounded by jumping silverfish fleeing from the whales. Before we could react, our
kayak was lifted out of the water about six feet, bracketed by massive jaws. Liz and I slipped out of the kayak into
the whale’s mouth. (突然，我们被一群从鲸鱼群中逃出来的跳跃的银鱼包围了。我们还没来得及反应过来，
我们的皮划艇就被抬出水面约6英尺，被巨大的下颚支撑着。莉兹和我溜出皮划艇，掉进了鲸鱼嘴里。)”
可知我们的皮划艇不是银鱼弄翻的，C选项错误；最后一段“Liz was shaken up, comparing the ordeal to a
near-death experience, and she says her whale-watching days are over. (莉兹被震撼了，她把这次磨难比作濒死
体验，她说她的观鲸生涯结束了。)”可知莉兹不会再去观鲸，D选项错误，故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据第四段“Still, I didn’t panic. I just kept thinking. I’ve got to fight this. I’ve got to breathe.
(不过，我并不惊慌。我一直在想。我必须与之抗争。我必须呼吸。)”可推断叙述者在遇到鲸鱼时是冷静的
并且还能理智的分析，说明精力比较集中，故选C。
26．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Liz was shaken up, comparing the ordeal to a near-death experience, and she
says her whale-watching days are over. (莉兹被震撼了，她把这次磨难比作濒死体验，她说她的观鲸生涯结束
了。)”可知划线词ordeal词汇复现，根据后面的death experience可知意思是“磨难”，故选A。
27．主旨大意题。根据第一段“My husband and I live near San Luis Obispo, California, close to the beach. In
November 2023, during the humpback whale migration, we kayaked (划皮划艇) out to watch the wildlife. We werein awe watching these graceful whales breach and spray through their blowholes. (我的丈夫和我住在加州的圣路
易斯奥比斯波附近，靠近海滩。2023年11月，在座头鲸迁徙期间，我们划着皮艇出去观看野生动物。我
们看着这些优雅的鲸鱼喷水，感到敬畏。)”以及下文作者和朋友掉进鲸鱼嘴里的经历，可知文章讲述的作
者和家人朋友划皮划艇去看鲸鱼并遇到危险的经历。D选项“我被鲸鱼吞下后活了下来”符合文章题意，
并且能够吸引读者，适合做标题，故选D。
1.（2024新课标II卷）
Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our
phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed.
Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least.
“You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a
three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay
Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short
story.”
It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last
March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works.
Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to
artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120
submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”
Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short
stories save transit?
Trost thinks so.
“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider
experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.
And you’ll never be without something to read.
24. Why did BART start the kiosk program?
A. To promote the local culture.
B. To discourage phone use.
C. To meet passengers’ needs.
D. To reduce its running costs.
25. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk?
A. By popularity. B. By length.
C. By theme. D. By language.26. What has Trost been doing recently?
A. Organizing a story contest.B. Doing a survey of customers.
C. Choosing a print publisher. D. Conducting interviews with artists.
27. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future?
A. It will close down. B. Its profits will decline.
C. It will expand nationwide. D. Its ridership will increase.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印
服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验，Trost认为此举措能吸引更多乘客，对BART 未来持乐观
态度，预期乘客量将会增长。
24.推理判断题。根据第三段““You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells
you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications
officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit - known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it
gives you a receipt-like short story.”(旧金山湾区捷运系统（BART）首席通讯官Alicia Trost表示：“你进入
检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的报道。你可以选择你
想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART启动信息亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过
程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。故选C项。
25.细节理解题。根据第三段“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.(你可
以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以
根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B项。
26.细节理解题。根据第五段“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit
stories for a contest,(我们想做一些事情，呼吁湾区的艺术家为比赛提交故事)”以及第六段“The winning
stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(获奖故事会进入我们的信息亭，然后你
就会成为一名出版艺术家)”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将
被放入售货亭供乘客阅读。故选A项。
27.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything
they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short
stories,” she says.(她说：“归根结底，所有的交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认
为，我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事
阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。故选D项。
2.（2023浙江1月卷）
A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public
debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa
Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documentsand prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such
wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond,
professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage
at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the
least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program
specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols
mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work
with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What
matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they
mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the
content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in
society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from
machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates
and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?
A. To explain the use of a software program.
B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
29. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences.
30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond?
A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning.
C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words.
31. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
【答案】28. B29. C30. B31. A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为Project Debater的软件程序。
28.推理判断题。根据第一段的“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called
Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.(上
周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为Project Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以
色列前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的
聪明。故选B。29.词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences
from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors
no human would make.(尽管Project Debater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提
取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“will no doubt be ironed out(毫无疑问
会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“错
误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。
30.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is
central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer
works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does
not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammond 所指的是意义的问
题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串
符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是
无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义，故选B。
31.细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation,
interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our
heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意义的产生是通过社
会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于
我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们
能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。
3.（2023新课标II卷）
Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids.
And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at
four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and
healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food
restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of
soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though
some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil
testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year,
students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say
they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that
they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming
effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,”
she says, “and they feel successful.”
4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family.
C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes.
C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens.
6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program?
A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable.
C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape
【答案】4. D5. C6. A7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，
环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生通过体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。
4.细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban
Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位
老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的
发起者。故选D。
5.推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects
are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try
something new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一
开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢
园艺工作。故选C。
6.推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so
interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the
garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional
control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划 的好处不仅仅是营
养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对 Jaramillo
的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得
成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有
情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
7.主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban
Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science
skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在
四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健
康的生活方式。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响深
远。因此推断B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
4.（2023浙江1月卷）
Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more
sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.
I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my
parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned
a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out
how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.
Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea
Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days
later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to
carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.
Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my
own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able
to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a
bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but
you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.
As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others
comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who
are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged.
So here is my advice: Lead by action.
24. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Share an apartment with you. B. Join you in what you’re doing.
C. Transform your way of living. D. Help you to make the decision.
25. What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars?
A. He disapproved of it. B. He was favorable to it.
C. He was tolerant of it. D. He didn’t care about it.
26. What can we infer about the author?
A. She is quite good at cooking. B. She respects others’ privacy.
C. She enjoys being a housewife. D. She is a determined person.
27. What is the text mainly about?
A. How to get on well with other family members.
B. How to have one’s own personal space at home.
C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.
D. How to control the budget when buying groceries.
【答案】24. B25. A26. D27. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。24.词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not
everyone around you will be ready to(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备
好)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if
you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个
过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改
变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入
这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jump on that bandwagon与Join you in what you’re doing.(加入你正在做的事
情)意思接近。故选B。
25.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and
my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.(几天
后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”
可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。
26.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was
within my own reach. (然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps your
household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make
the changes you desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可
推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。
27.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not
everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不
是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though,
which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-
always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭
中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费
的生活方式。故选C。
5.（2022浙江6月卷）
Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone who had such a lunch
was fair-skinned and spoke Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a
school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with pale
skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. The food choices were almost as diverse as the
students. In front of me was an array of foods I couldn’t even name in my native language. Fearing that I would
pick out something awful, I desperately tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a recommendation. Unfortunately,
between us stood the barrier of language.
Although my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind
forever. For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much
like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. I often had to be an interpreter for the Italian-
speaking ones. As I served the role of vital communication link, I was reminded of my desperate struggle to
converse before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to hold a conversation inItalian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me how lucky I was to be
fluent in two languages.
In New York, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance to work with a diverse
population. In my English to Italian translations, I’ve learned about social programs that I didn’t know existed. This
work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the
streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity.
21. What did the author realize after entering school in Brooklyn?
A. Time passed quickly. B. English was hard to learn.
C. The food was terrible. D. People were very different.
22. Who does “the little girl” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. An Italian teacher. B. A government official.
C. The author herself. D. The author’s classmate.
23. How did the summer job benefit the author?
A. It strengthened her love for school. B. It helped sharpen her sense of direction.
C. It opened her eyes to the real world. D. It made her childhood dream come true.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界的多样
性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。
21.细节理解题。根据第一段第三四句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class
in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. My classmates ranged from those kids with
pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿
园的午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了。我的同学中有皮肤白皙、蓝眼睛大的，也有棕色皮
肤、深色头发的)”可知，当作者去了在Brooklyn的一所学校之后，发现学校里的人不一样。故选D。
22.推理判断题。根据第二段第二三句“For the past three summers, I have worked in a government agency in
New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. (过去的三个
夏天，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队吃午餐的小女孩
一样)”以及第一段第三句“A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in
Brooklyn, I realized things were no longer that simple. (几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所幼儿园的午餐队伍里
时，我意识到事情不再那么简单了)”可知，当年的小女孩长大了，在纽约的一家政府机构工作，工作环境
让她想到当年自己在幼儿园的午餐队伍排队的情境。故选C。
23.推理判断题。根据最后一段第三四五句“This work expanded my mind in ways that are impossible inside
the four walls of a classroom. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s
sounds and smells. Instead, enjoy its diversity. (这项工作拓展了我的思维，这是在四面墙的教室里不可能做到
的。今天走在布鲁克林的街道上，我不再对这座城市的声音和气味感到困惑。 相反，我会享受它的多样
性)”可知，作者三个夏天的工作拓展了思维，开始接受真实世界的多样性。故选C。
6.（2021浙江6月卷）
Leslie Nielsen’s childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life — his uncle,
who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career（职业）in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved forward, gaining a
scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948.
However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he
landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
But even then, what he had wasn’t quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but
his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn’t until1980 - 32 years into his
career — that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second
half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie
reviewers would not rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always
felt he should do, but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role
or challenge might be just around the corner. He never stopped working, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen’s devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little
more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can
make for a remarkable life.
21. Why did Nielsen want to be an actor?
A. He enjoyed watching movies. B. He was eager to earn money.
C. He wanted to be like his uncle. D. He felt he was good at acting.
22. What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career?
A. He directed some high quality movies. B. He avoided taking on new challenges.
C. He focused on playing dramatic roles. D. He became a successful comedy actor.
23. What does Nielsen’s career story tell us?
A. Art is long, life is short. B. He who laughs last laughs longest.
C. It’s never too late to learn. D. Where there’s a will there’s a way.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Leslie Nielsen的演艺生涯。
21.细节理解题。通过文章第一段“his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle
earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting. (他的叔叔，是一位著名的演员。Nielsen的叔叔所赢得的钦
佩和尊重激励他走上了演艺事业)”可知，Nielsen想当演员的原因是想像他叔叔一样。故选C项。
22.细节理解题。通过文章第二段“That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic
presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. (这部
电影使他进入了职业生涯的后半段，即使影评人对这部电影评价不高，但仅仅凭他的喜剧表演就可以使这
部电影获得经济上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen职业生涯的后半段，他成了一个成功的喜剧演员。故选D项。
23.推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章最后一段“He built a hugely successful career with little more than
plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a
remarkable life. (他凭借平凡的努力和决心建立了一个非常成功的事业。他告诉我们，即使是只有一个愿望，永不放弃，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen的职业经历告诉我们：有志者事竟成。故选D项。
7.（2020新课标卷）
Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a
nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and
became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from
the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college,
working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After
graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her
career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau
Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year
degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received
great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills,
and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to
achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ''Some nights my
heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,'' she says. However, her
children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation
graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that's pretty powerful.
24. What did Jennifer do after high school?
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college.
D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
25. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield?
A. To take care of her kids easily.
B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents.
D. To find a well-paid job there.
26. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?
A. Her health.
B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation.
D. Her chance of promotion.
27. What can we learn from Jenifer's story?
A. Time is money.
B. Love breaks down barriers.C. Hard work pays off.
D. Education is the key to success.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C
【导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努
力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三
个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。
24. 细节理解题。根据第二段的After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her
tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地
的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自
己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C. She supported herself through college.(她自食其力读完
了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。
25. 细节理解题。根据第三段的 She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Misnistry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in
Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be
home in the evening to help with her kids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目，
因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer
选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。
A. To take care of her kids easily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。
26. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids
and missing important events to study.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在
一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。
B. Her time with family.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。
27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 Through it all, she reminded in good academic standing and graduated with
honors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和However, her children
have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and
an inspiration to her family-and that’s the pretty powerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得
到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励--这是非常强大的。)可知，
Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到
了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C. Hard work pays off.(努力会得到
回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。
8.（2022全国甲卷）
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor.
Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb
beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole
morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went
our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean?” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not
fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are
increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s,
Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she
said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that
we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a
thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me.
“What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the
Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a
drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. Sydney’s striking architecture. B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development. D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
33. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
35. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
32-35 DDAA
【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。
32. C。主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney,
Australia. The city discovered its harbor. (20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现
了它的港口) ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city. (但是是港口造就了城市)”可知，本段主要介绍了
悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选C。
33. D。细节理解题。根据第二段“Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilot Sydney ferryboats
for a living. (30岁出头的Andrew Reynolds是个快乐的小伙子，他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生)”、第三段
“I’ll miss these old boats. (我会想念这些旧船的)”以及第五段“Catamarans are faster, but they’re not soelegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. (双体船更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣)”可知，渡轮领航
员Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。故选D。
34. A。推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to
modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. (悉尼的官方
历史学家Shirley Fitzgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了
一边，包括许多最漂亮的建筑)”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。
故选A。
35. A 推理判断题 根据倒数第二段的第一句 ... being young and old at the same time has its attractions. 可
知，作者认为一个城市新旧并存是非常有魅力的。根据下文中 Anthony 的观点 ... a foundation built on
ancient cultures with a drive and dynamism of a young country. 和最后一段 He is right ... 可知，Anthony 认为
澳大利亚是一个建立在古老文化基础上并同时充满活力的年轻国家，作者认同其观点。
9.（2020北京卷）
For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-creating long-forgotten
techniques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript (手稿)
consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand.
The author's intention remains as mysterious (神秘) as his name; he may have been simply taking notes for his
own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author
described. "You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she says.
Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isn't just about playing
around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen(工匠) who lived centuries ago can reveal how
they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them. It
can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine for
eve problems could kill a drug- resistant virus.
The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how on object was made in
order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before
time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman statues. These
sculptures were painted a rainbow of striking colours. We can't appreciate these kinds of details without seeing
works of art as they originally appeared-something Smith believes you can do only when you have a road map.
Smith has put the manuscript's ideas into practice. Her final goal is to link the worlds of art and science back
together: She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights
experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving.
Back when science--then called “the new philosophy” --took shape, academics looked to craftsmen for help in
understanding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering(修补), as
craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light.
If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of
our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors.
38. How did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript?A. Confused about the technical terms.
B. Impressed with its detailed instructions.
C. Discouraged by its complex structure.
D. Shocked for her own lack of hand skills.
39. According to Smith, the reconstruction work is done mainly to ___________ .
A. restore old workshops
B. understand the craftsmen
C. improve visual effects
D. inspire the philosophers
40. Why does the author mention museums?
A. To reveal the beauty of ancient objects.
B. To present the findings of old science.
C. To highlight the importance of antiques.
D. To emphasise the values of hand skills.
41. Which would be the best title for this passage?
A. Craftsmen Set the Trends for Artists
B. Craftsmanship Leads to New Theories
C. Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists
D. Craftsmen Reshape the Future of Science
【答案】38. D 39. B 40. D 41. C
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述科学家Paula Smith致力于对古代手工技能的研究，认为科学家如果能够把古
代的手工技能和现代的科学方法结合起来，就能够创造更大成就。
38.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the
skills the author described. "You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she says.”
让史密斯震惊的主要是，她并没有真正掌握作者所描述的任何技能。她说:“你根本无法通过阅读来了解这
些手工作品。” 由此可知读完这份法国手稿，这种手工技能让史密斯感到震惊，故选D。
39.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen（工匠）who lived centuries ago
can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, ” 重建几个世纪前工匠的作品，可以揭
示他们如何看待世界，他们的家里有什么物件。由此可知，重建工作主要是为了了解工匠。故选B。
40.推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know
how on object was made in order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what
treasures looked like before time wore them down.” 史密斯说，这项工作也给博物馆带来了深刻的见解。为了
保存它，一个人必须知道一件物品是如何制成的。更重要的是，重建可能是唯一的方法，以了解宝藏磨损
之前的样子。因此可知，博物馆要想很好保存物品，必须要知道这件物品是如何制成的，也是在强调手工
技能的价值，故选D。
41.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork,
Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors. ”史密斯说，如果我
们能重新发现实践经验和工艺的价值，我们就能将现代的最好见解与我们祖先的灵巧结合起来。由此可知本文的中心思想就在于如果科学家能把古代的手工技巧同现代的理论结合起来，就能够获得更多的成就。
C选项Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists工艺造就了更好的科学家，符合文章主题，适合做标题，故选
C。
10.（2021浙江6月卷）
We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parks less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where
neighbourhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen —
any screen — and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today’s children spend an average of four and a half
hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to
counter this trend. A couple of years ago, film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and
three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say "chocolate" into his three-year-old son’s ear
without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type,
appointed himself "marketing director for Nature". He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a
brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild
Network a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
"Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference," David Bond says. "There is a lot of really interesting
evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will
be a habit for life." His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: "We just send them out into the
garden and tell them not to come back in for a while."
Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let
us get them out and let them play.
24. What is the problem with the author’s children?
A. They often annoy the neighbours. B. They are tired of doing their homework.
C. They have no friends to play with. D. They stay in front of screens for too long.
25. How did David Bond advocate his idea?
A. By making a documentary film. B. By organizing outdoor activities.
C. By advertising in London media. D. By creating a network of friends.
26. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "charts" in paragraph 2
A. records B. predicts C. delays D. confirms
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Let Children Have Fun B. Young Children Need More Free Time
C. Market Nature to Children D. David Bond: A Role Model for Children
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了电影制作人 David Bond为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的
旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。
24.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen — any
screen — and stare at it for hours. (然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它看几个小时)”可知，作者的孩子在屏幕前呆的时间太长了。故选D项。
25.细节理解题。根据第二段“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marked
to young people. (他记录了他的旅程，他开始把大自然当作一个品牌，让年轻人看到)”可知，David Bond通
过拍一个纪录片宣传他的想法。故选A项。
26．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“a film”可知，本句主语是一部电影，下文“the birth of the World
Network (世界网络的诞生)”解释了这部电影的主旨。由此推知，划线词 charts意为“记录、描绘”，与
“records”意思一致。故选A项。
27.主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be
marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World Network, a
group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature. (他把自己的旅行记录下来，开
始把自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。其结果是Project Wild Thing，一部记录了World Network (世界网
络)诞生的电影，World Network (世界网络)是以让孩子们接触大自然为共同目标的团体)”可推知，本文主要
讲述了电影制作人David Bond为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给
年轻人。由此可知，C项Market Nature to Children(把自然推销给年轻人)适合作本文标题。故选C项。
