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专题 09 特殊句式和情景交际(解析版)
全国各地历年高考真题全收录
一、2023 年高考真题
1. 2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the
stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting
the hot soup explode on your tongue.
【答案】 37.to bite
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤
汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,
用不定式作宾语,空处与后面to put并列作宾语,故填to bite。
【答案】 38. or
【解析】考查连词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还
是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”,固定
搭配,根据句意,故填or。
2.2022年新高考1卷
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so
I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time.
【答案】 wanting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪
心了,所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知,此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”,本句
是被动语态,want是主语补足语,根据句意,I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系,用现在分
词wanting。故填wanting。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺:向阳百分百】3. 2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷
Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of
the steamer basket ...
【答案】to be lifted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的,可以让它们从
蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做
某事”可知,空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语,补足语 lift out与宾语them(指代小笼
包)是逻辑上的动宾关系,空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
4. 2023全国甲卷
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on
wisdom.
【答案】 to teach
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:几千年来,人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根
据句意可知,此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”,所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
5. 2023全国乙卷
As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___48___ (record) everything I
discovered.
【答案】recording
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一名摄影师,我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。
spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语,用动名词形式。故
填recording。
6. 2023年2月四省联考
One agency, based in Woodbridge, is expected ____38____(receive) $1. 5 million.
【答案】to receive
【解析】考查不定式。句意同上。be expected to do sth.“被预计……”,用不定式作主语补
足语,故填to receive。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺:向阳百分百】二、2022 年高考真题
1.(2022.6全国乙卷 语法填空)
___68___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public
promotional activities on social media,
【答案】To strengthen
【解析】考查非谓语动词。考察to do sth在句子中目的状语。句意:为了加强与年轻人的
联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的 29名茶叶专
业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,
需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。
2.(2022年新高考2卷)
He saved my son's life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him. ”
【答案】 how
【解析】考查特殊疑问词。句意:我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构,设空处填写的
是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意,how意为“如何”,符合句意。故填
how。
三、2021 年高考真题
1.(2021.3 天津卷 单选)—How's the project going?
— . All we have to do is finish the last bit of work.
A. Easy come easy go B. Far from it C. By all means D. So far
so good
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:—这个项目进展的如何?—到目前为止,一直都还不错。
我们要做的就是完成最后一项工作。A.Easy come easy go 来得容易去得也快;B.Far from it
远非如此;C.By all means 绝不;D.So far so good到目前为止,一直都还不错。根据下半
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺:向阳百分百】句可知,目前进展还不错。故选D。
2.(2021.6全国甲卷 语法填空)
It is possible 3 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
【答案】 to walk
【解析】考查形式主语句,本句是典型的It is adj. + to do的形式。非谓语动词to do做真正
主语,it做形式主语。故填 to walk 。
3.(2021.3 天津卷 单选)—Are you done with the book I gave you?
— . I'm still reading the last chapter.
A. Hard to say B. Not quite C. Of course D. It all depends
【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:—我给你的书你看完了吗?—不完全是。我还在读最后一
章。A.Hard to say很难说;B.Not quite不完全是;C.Of course当然;D.It all depends这要看
情况了。根据语境可知,本空应填 "Not quite" 。故选:B。
4.2021·天津卷6月)—I was trying to place an order on your website, but I failed.
________ .I can take your order over the phone.
A. That’s fine B. No way
C. My pleasure D. Of course
【答案】A
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——我想在你们的网站上下订单,但是我失败了。——我
可以通过电话帮您点餐。A. That’s fine没关系;B. No way不行,没门;C. My pleasure不客
气;D. Of course当然。根据“I can take your order over the phone”可知,此处表示没有关系。
故选A。
6.(2021·天津卷6月) I told you! I really am ranked the lowest. Number 25 out of 25 players.
________ You've got nowhere to go but up.
A. Tell me a bit more. B. I'm not so sure about that.
C. Look on the bright side! D. That is absolute nonsense!
【答案】C
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺:向阳百分百】【解析】考查交际用语。句意:——我告诉过你!我真的是排名最低的。25名球员中的第
25名。——抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。A.Tell me a bit more再多告诉我一些;B.I'm
not so sure about that 对此我不确定;C.Look on the bright side!抱乐观态度;D.That is
absolute nonsense!这完全是胡说八道。根据“You've got nowhere to go but up. ”可知,此处是
指抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。故选C项。
四、2020 年高考真题
1.(2020·江苏卷) Building such a bridge over the bay was ______ but the local government
made it within two years.
A. a wet blanket B. a piece of cake C. a dark horse D. a hard nut to crack
【答案】D
【解析】考查习惯用语辨析。句意:在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情,但当地政
府在两年内完成了。A. a wet blanket一件扫兴的事情;B. a piece of cake小菜一碟;C. a
dark horse 出人意外的获胜者;D. a hard nut to crack 很难解决的问题。根据空前such a
bridge over the bay及空后but the local government made it within two years可知,在海湾上建
造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情。故选D。
2. (2020·江苏卷)—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?
—______ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
A. How come? B. So what? C. By all means. D. With pleasure.
【答案】C
【解析】考查日常交际用语。句意:-你知道关于张仲景的事情吗?-当然。 自东汉以来,他
被尊为医学大师。A. How come?怎么会?B. So what?那又怎样?C. By all means.当然;D.
With pleasure.很愿效劳。根据空后 He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern
Han Dynasty.可知,后者对张仲景非常了解。所以他“当然”知道关于张仲景的事情。C选
项符合语境。故选C。
3.(2020·(天津卷)英语笔试(第一次))—Tim has difficulty in making decisions.
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺:向阳百分百】—__________. He's still hesitating about whether to take the job.
A.That’s it B.Give it a try C.It's settled D.You're kidding me
【答案】A
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:—Tim做决定有困难。—就是。他还在犹豫是否接受那份
工作。 A.That's it就是;B. Give it a try试一试:C. It's settled那就决定了;D.You're kidding me
你在跟我开玩笑吧。此处是对上句情况的肯定,故选A。
4.(2020·(天津卷)英语笔试(第二次))
—Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.
—______. I will.
A.My pleasure B.No wonder C.Good point D.Never mind
【答案】C
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:--下次你去拜访Bob的时候,记得提前给他打个电话。--好
主意。我会的。A. My pleasure 我很荣幸,别客气;B. No wonder难怪;C. Good point好主
意;D. Never mind没有关系。根据”I will”可知,第二个人对第一个人的提议非常赞同。
故C选项符合语境。故选C。
5.(2020·(天津卷)英语笔试(第二次)
—Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight?
—______. I’ll drive her there.
A.Have a try B.Don’t mention it C.Don’t bother D.Go ahead
【答案】C
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:--今晚我为莎拉叫一辆出租车去机场好吗?--不用麻烦了。
我开车送她去。A. Have a try试一试吧;B. Don’t mention it别客气,不用谢;C. Don’t
bother不用麻烦了;D. Go ahead走吧,干吧。根据“I will drive her there”可知,第二个人
会送莎拉去机场,因此他让第一个人“不用麻烦叫出租车”。故选C。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺:向阳百分百】五、2019 年高考真题
1.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】12.The professor warned tie students that on no account
_____________ use mobile phones in his class.
A. should they B. they should
C. dare they D. they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意:这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机
on no account决不,否定词放在句首,句子使用部分倒装,应该做 should do,敢于做dare
do,根据句意表示”应该“,故选A。
2.(2019·江苏卷) —Let's take a coffee break.
— __________ We' ve been working for hours.
A. Why bother? B. What for?
C. You got me there. D. You said it.
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景对话。—句意:我们休息一下喝杯咖啡吧。—你算说对了。我们已经工
作好几个小时了。下文说“我们已经工作好几个小时了”,上文应该是赞同这个建议。
why bother没有必要;what for为什么;You got me there你把我搞糊涂了;You said it你算
说对了,故选D。
3.2019·天津卷)—I guess you want to go play tennis.
—__________. That's exactly what I was thinking too.
A. I didn't get it B. It's up to you
C. You never know D. You read my mind
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——我猜你想去打网球。——你猜透了我的心思。那就是
我正在想着的事情。从回答的后半句可知,听话人同意说话人的意思。而 A(不明白,不
认同某人的说法)、B(决于你)和C(很难说,不可预知)都不符合语境。“you read my
mind”意为你知我心,符合语境,故选D。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺:向阳百分百】4.2019·天津卷———My son got a full scholarship to his dream university!
—Wow, ___________! What's he going to study?
A. good for him B. go for it
C. what a coincidence D. all the best
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查情景对话。句意:——我的儿子得了他梦想大学的全额奖学金。——噢,
对他有好处!他打算学习什么呢? good for him“对他有好处” ;go for it“努力争取”; what
a coincidence“多么巧合”; all the best“祝一切顺利(祝酒告别时说)”。故选A。
2018年高考真题
1.【2018·天津】14. It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we
saw Lily in the passenger seat.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查强调句。句意:只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉
莉。这里考查强调句,强调句型结构为:It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状
语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语only when the car
pulled up in front of our house。故选B。
点睛:本题考查强调句,要求有学生掌握好强调句的常用句型以及相关知识的能力。分析
句子时首先要看清楚结构,It is / was…开头而后面跟句子时就要看它是不是强调句了。强
调句有一个特点:拿掉It was/is…that…后不影响整个句子的完整性,则是强调句。判断完
是不是强调句后再根据强调的部分是人还是物来选择连接词that或者是who。
2.【2018·北京】8. In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained
agent will get you the help you need.
A. press B. to press C. pressing D.
pressed
【答案】A
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺:向阳百分百】【解析】考查祈使句。句意:在任何不安全的情况下,仅仅摁一下这个按钮,一个训练有
素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词,连接并列结构,and后面是一个句子,
那么,前面也应是句子,选项中。
只有动词原形可以构成祈使句,其余的都是非谓语动词,无法构成句子。故A选项正确。
点睛:祈使句+and/or+陈述句是一种常见结构。当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前
后意思为相反关系时,用or。该句式中的陈述句部分常用一般将来时态。
3.【2018·新高考 II 卷·语法填空】China's approach to protecting its environment while
___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers
worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【答案】feeding
【解析】考查省略句。句意:中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全
世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作,while后
面省略掉了China is,省略句的原则:在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中,
如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时,那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。
故填feeding。
4.(2018·天津)—I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.
—___________. Just let me know when, and I'll be there.
A. You bet B. It depends
C. Forget it D. No kidding
【答案】A
【解析】考查交际用语。句意:——我在几天内会搬家,我想知道你是否能帮忙。——没
问题,只需要让我知道什么时候,我就会到那儿。A. You bet没问题;B. It depends看情况
而定;C. Forget it算了吧;D. No kidding别开玩笑。根据答句中的Just let me know when,
and I’ll be there.可以判断:他/她一定会帮忙。故选A。
5.(2018·天津) —Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now?
一_________. She will be here in about twenty minutes.
A. All right B. Don't worry
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺:向阳百分百】C. No wonder D. Enjoy yourself
【答案】B
【解析】考查交际用语。句意:——琼现在不是应该在这儿吗?——不用担心,在大约20
分钟内她将会到这儿的。A. all right好,行;B. Don’t worry别担心;C. No wonder难怪;
D. Enjoy yourself玩得开心。根据答句中的She will be there in about twenty minutes.可以判断:
不需要担心琼,她一会儿就到。故选B。
6.(2018·江苏)—What happened? Your boss seems to _______.
—Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?
A. be over the moon B. laugh his head off
C. be all ears D. fly off the handle
【答案】D
【解析】考查习惯用语。句意:——发生什么了?你老板看起来勃然大怒。——你难道不
知道他的秘书把秘密报告泄露给新闻界了吗?A. be over the moon非常高兴;B. laugh his
head off 笑的要死;C. be all ears洗耳恭听;D. fly off the handle勃然大怒。故选D。
7.(2018·江苏) —You know what? I’ve got a New Year concert ticket.
—Oh, _______ You’re kidding.
A. so what? B. go ahead.
C. come on. D. what for?
【答案】C
【解析】考查交际用语。句意:——你知道是什么吗?我已经得到一张新年音乐会的票了。
——哦,得了吧,你开玩笑的吧。A. so what?那又怎么样?B. go ahead.去吧。C. come on.
得了吧。D. what for?为什么?交际用语中come on表示“得了吧!算了吧!”,用来指责
别人或表示不耐烦。故选C。
2017年高考真题
1.【2017·江苏卷】22. _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not
overcome her difficulty.
A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was
it
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺:向阳百分百】【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中,be动词统一用were;虚拟语气的
省略形式主要是把if省略,同时把were/should/had提前,即Were /Should/ Had I...,故选
B。句意:要不是老师们的支持,该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。
【名师点睛】在虚拟语气中,be动词只能用were;虚拟条件句省去连词if时,从句主谓部
分倒装:Were/Had/Should+主语+谓语动词……
e.g. Were I Tom, I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆,我会拒绝。
I will go, should it be necessary. 假若有必要,我会去的。
Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived in time. 若不是天气坏,我们就准时
到达了。
若条件从句为否定句,否定词not应置于主语之后,而不能与were, should, had 等缩略成
Weren’t, Shouldn’t, Hadn’t置于句首。
考点:考查虚拟语气和倒装
2.【2017·天津卷】11. It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my
new neighbors.
A. who B. where C. which D. that
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析:句意:当我回到我的公寓的时候,我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关
键词It was开头,后面连词首选that,构成强调句型,但需要验证,本句中去掉It was 和
that,句意完整,所以确定是强调句型。故选D。
考点:考查强调句型。
【名师点睛】判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调结构,如果这句话还能够成
立就是强调句,例如这道题,去掉强调结构是:when I got back to my apartment ______ I
first came across my new neighbors..这句话是成立的,所以是强调句。除了强调句的陈述句,
还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问词的结构,还有强调句做名词性从句的语序问
题。
资料收集整理【淘宝店铺:向阳百分百】