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未得到监考教师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册！
2023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）
Part ⅠⅠ Writing (30 minutes)
（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “Today
there is a growing awareness that mental well-being needs to be given as much attention as
physical health.” You can make comments, cite examples or use your personal experiences to
develop your essay. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
Part ⅡⅡ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: I n this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will
hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you
hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. A) She is drawn to its integration of design and engineering.
B)She is influenced by her father who teaches architecture.
C)She is preoccupied with her dream to be an architect.
D)She is attracted to the beauty of modern buildings.
2. A) By taking prerequisite courses. C)With the professor’s help.
B)By studying the subject online. D)Through hard work.
3. A) It is immortal. C)It is long-lasting.
B)It is immaterial. D)It is groundbreaking.
4. A) Computer science. C)Economics.
B) Philosophy. D) Westernart.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5. A) He is a famous football coach.
B)He is well known to the public.
C)He has been guarded by a discreet assistant.
1大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
D) He has occasionally been harassed by his fans.
6. A) Help promote Mr. Sanchez’s public profile. C) Play a key role in Real Madrid.
B) Run common daily chores for the woman. D) Serve as a personal assistant.
7. A) He once worked part-time in university.
B) He is honest and always tells the truth.
C) He cares little about his working hours.
D) He has little previous work experience.
8. A) He has a natural capacity to cooperate with others.
B) He has a sound knowledge of sports consultancy.
C) He has a high proficiency in several languages.
D) He has a strong ability to connect with people.
Section B
Directions: I n this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or
four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then
mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. A) They have fewer rules and pressures.
B) They require less supervision and training.
C) They are more suitable to young people.
D) They bring more benefits to young people.
10. A) They prevent kids from enjoying adventure sports.
B) They rob kids of the chance to cultivate their courage.
C) They help kids guard against any possible injuries.
D) They deprive kids of the opportunity to develop team spirit.
11. A) Introduce them to these sports step by step.
B) Ask them to try some forms of indoor sports.
C) Let them participate in some less risky outdoor activities.
D) Help them take up these sports when they are more mature.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
12. A) Manufacturers use effective strategies to promote fancier products.
B) Tech firms intentionally design products to have short lifespans.
C) Such products tend to comprise parts that are irreplaceable.
D) Consumers often have a craving for the latest model.
13. A) Detail the life cycle of their products.
B) Specify the major parts of their products.
C) List a repairability score of their products.
D) Indicate the competitiveness of their products.
22023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）
14. A) Take due caution in upgrading their products.
B) Substitute all toxic substances with non-toxic ones.
C) Invest in constructing more recycling facilities.
D) Take the initiative to reduce electronic waste.
15. A) It can be solved. C) It is unavoidable in the long run.
B) It is certain to worsen. D) It will be fixed by tech companies.
Section C
Directions: I n this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four
questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose
the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16. A) How internet monitoring can be implemented.
B) How to prevent employees from cyberloafing.
C) How cyberloafing affects overall productivity.
D) How to encourage productive internet surfing.
17. A) Overuse of social media may lead to decline in productivity.
B) Employee engagement is closely related to job satisfaction.
C) Cyberloafing may relieve employees of stress.
D) Cyberloafing is a sign of workers’ laziness.
18. A) Taking mini-breaks means better job performance.
B) Cyberloafing generally does more harm than good.
C) Employees who indulge in internet surfing are most likely to quit.
D) Worker turnover is linked to the time allowed for cyberloafing.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.
19. A) There were environmental problems. C) There were few settlers.
B) There were no wooden buildings. D) There were no trees.
20. A) He urged the state to start the Nebraska State Gardening Society.
B) He founded a newspaper and used it to promote his ideas.
C) He engaged himself in a large number of aesthetic projects.
D) He served as chairman of the Nebraska State Board of Agriculture.
21. A) Nebraska earned the nickname “the Tree Planters State”.
B) The state government declared it the official Arbor Day.
C) One million trees were planted throughout Nebraska.
D) A special prize was awarded to Julius Morton.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
22. A) They lived mostly in Africa for about 200,000 years.
3大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
B) They moved out of Africa about 60,000 years ago.
C) They preferred to live in Europe rather than in Asia.
D) They spread across Europe and Asia in a few decades.
23. A) The Luna cave in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
B) The human fossils discovered most recently in Africa.
C) The traces of human migration out of Africa to Asia.
D) The discovery of two modern human teeth in China.
24. A) There must have been some reason for human migration.
B) Humans had access to abundant food sources there.
C) Humans adapted themselves to the environment there.
D) There have been changes in animals’ living conditions.
25. A) When modern humans started to disperse out of Africa.
B) How humans settled down on the Arabian Peninsula.
C) Why fresh water is so important for human survival.
D) What path modern humans took to migrate out of Africa.
Part ⅢⅢ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: I n this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each
blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage
through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.
Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through
the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
You might not know yourself as well as you think. According to a new study, people are 26 accurate
judges of only some of their behaviors. While most previous studies on how well people know themselves
have been done on long-term personality traits, this new study 27 how well people understand how
they are acting from one moment to the next. Researchers asked participants to wear audio recorders that
automatically 28 every 9.5 minutes between 7 a.m. and 2 a.m. to record 30 seconds of audio. These
participants were then emailed surveys four times a day asking them to 29 how outgoing, agreeable, or
conscientious they were during a particular hour of the day. The study used data from 248 participants, all of
whom answered questions about their behavior for two 30 weeks and wore the audio device for one of
those weeks.
Six laboratory assistants rated each participant’s audio clips to see how their observations compared
with people’s 31 of themselves. The six assistants were generally in agreement with one another about
how the people they were observing acted. Further, participants’ ratings of their own behaviors agreed
with observers’ for how outgoing and how conscientious they were being. But the agreement between
participants and outside observers was much smaller for agreeableness. Some of this 32 could be
42023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）
because the observers used only audio clips, and thus could not read 33 like body language, but there are
34 other explanations, as people should be able to hear when a participant is being kind versus being
rude. The weak agreement between how participants thought they were acting and what observers heard
could be because people would rather 35 rude behavior.
A) activated I) probes
B) articulates J) random
C) assessment K) recall
D) consecutive L) relatively
E) cues M) saturated
F) deny N) symptoms
G) discrepancy O) terminate
H) probably
Section B
Directions: I n this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement
contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the
information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked
with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Why we need tiny colleges
[A] We’re experiencing the rebirth of smallness. Farmers markets, tiny homes, and brew pubs all exemplify
our love of smallness. So do charter schools, coffee shops, and local bookstores. Small is often (but not
always) more affordable, healthier, and sustainable, but its finest characteristic, the one that turns charm
into love, is that going small allows us to be more fully who we are.
[B] In higher education the trend is mostly in the opposite direction: Universities with 20,000 or 30,000
students are considered “mid-sized”. The nation’s largest university, Arizona State University, has 80,000
students on campus and aims to enroll another 100,000 students online. At the other end of the spectrum
is a handful of colleges that have fewer than a hundred students on campus and no online courses:
colleges such as Sterling College, Thomas More College of Liberal Arts, and Deep Springs College.
These colleges are so small that they can only be called “tiny.”
[C] Tiny colleges focus not just on a young person’s intellect, but on the young person as a whole. Equally
important, tiny colleges ask, “How can education contribute to human flourishing and the well-being of
the world?” And they shape a college experience to address that question. They replace concerns about
institutional growth with attention to the growth of students as fully developed participants in their
communities.
[D] I’ve had the privilege of teaching at three different institutions of higher learning during my career—a
small liberal arts college and two mid-sized public universities. I’ve also been profoundly disappointed
in each of these institutions, and in many of my colleagues, especially when it comes to helping students
5大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
and preparing them for the many responsibilities of adulthood. Administrators focus on the business
of running a university, and most faculty focus on their scholarship and teaching their discipline. Little
deliberate attention is given to how students mature as individuals and social beings.
[E] Having just retired from teaching at a public university, I’m now returning to my hometown of Flagstaff,
Arizona, to establish a tiny college—Flagstaff College. I’m convinced there’s a need for another type
of education, one devoted to helping students come into their own and into this beautiful and troubled
world. Young people need an education that will provide them with meaning, hope, courage, and passion,
as well as information and skills. Large institutions, I believe, are particularly ill-suited to this type of
education.
[F] There’s no “best of” list when it comes to tiny colleges, at least not yet. But around the country
people are creating new colleges that provide an alternative to small liberal arts colleges, large public
universities, and online education.
[G] With only 26 students, Deep Springs is the smallest college in the country and, quite likely, the most
atypical (非典型的). Located on a working cattle ranch on the California-Nevada border, Deep
Springs is a private, residential, two-year college for men, committed to educating students for “a life
of service to humanity.” Founded by the electricity tycoon (大亨) L. L. Nunn in 1917, Deep Springs’
“curriculum” revolves around academics, labor, and self-governance. In addition to their courses,
students are charged with running the 155-acre ranch and overseeing the functioning of the college.
Students chair both the admissions and the curriculum committees.
[H] “ Living in close community with one’s teachers and fellow students, and being forced to take on adult
responsibilities, makes for one’s growth as a person,” says William Hunt, who graduated last year.
“To exist for very long in a community like that, you have to get over the question of whether you’re
sufficiently talented or principled and get started worrying about how you can stretch yourself and your
peers, how much you can manage to learn with them.”
[I] Sterling College, in Craftsbury Common, Vermont, is also very small—fewer than 100 students. Unlike
Deep Springs, Sterling focuses its curriculum on environmental and social justice issues, but like Deep
Springs it places a high value on personal responsibility and manual labor. According to its catalog, a
college education at Sterling combines “rigorous academics, roll-up-your-sleeves challenges, and good
old hard work.”
[J] The average tuition at a small liberal-arts college is $30,000 to $40,000 a year, not including the cost
of living on campus, as compared to $8,000 to $10,000 a year for tuition alone at a public university.
Of the tiny colleges, only Deep Springs doesn’t charge tuition or room and board; students pay only for
books and the cost of traveling to and from college. If tiny schools are to become a player on the higher
education scene, they will need to find a way to be truly affordable.
[K] Doing so may not be that difficult so long as they do not pattern themselves too closely on existing
norms. We’ve come to believe that a good college should have many academic programs and excellent
facilities, posh (豪华的) dorms, an array of athletic programs, and a world-class student activity
center. Imagine a good college without a climbing wall! We also have accepted the idea that college
presidents, and their many vice-presidents, should be paid like their counterparts in the business world
62023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）
and that higher education requires an elaborate, up-to-date technology infrastructure. All of this drives up
the cost of education.
[L] The “trick” to making tiny colleges affordable, if that’s the right word, is simplicity. At its core, education
is a human-to-human interaction. Reflecting on his own college education, President Garfield once
commented that an ideal college would consist of nothing more than the legendary teacher Mark Hopkins
on one end of a log and a student on the other. The economics of a tiny college, in other words, might
be similar to that of a tiny house. Because it is small, a tiny house costs less to build and less to furnish,
insure, and maintain. But the economic benefits of a small house don’t end there. Tiny homes discourage
homeowners from buying stuff that they really don’t need, because there’s no place to put it.
[M] I’m a late convert to the idea of tiny colleges, and I fully understand the need for many diverse types of
educational institutions. Academic research and job training are important, but tiny colleges aren’t suited
for either. The educational needs of a complex society are themselves complex, and no single model
can meet all of these needs. But I’m now convinced there’s an educational need that’s now going almost
completely unmet: namely, the need to help young people transition into adulthood. Tiny colleges can do
this better than any other type of educational institution.
[N] The ultimate justification for a tiny college is the conviction that each of us comes into our full humanity
by close interaction with those who know and care for us, and that one of the basic purposes of higher
education is social. Although we give lip service to the idea that a college education will make us better
people, when all’s said and done, we think of higher education primarily in economic terms. We’ve come
to think of higher education as a means to make a living rather than make a life. We’ve also come to see
higher education as a private good rather than a public one. Tiny colleges are not the answer to all of our
educational requirements, but they’re an answer to one of our most basic educational necessities: the
need to produce thoughtful, engaged, and compassionate human beings.
36. One tiny American college situated on a cattle farm is devoted to educating students to serve mankind
throughout their lives.
37. Much to the author’s disappointment, the three institutions of higher learning where she taught largely
ignore students’ growth as social beings.
38. Tiny colleges must be made affordable in order to play a role in higher education.
39. According to a recent graduate from a tiny college, living together with faculty and fellow students is
conducive to a student’s growth as a person.
40. Rather than going small, most American universities are trying to go big.
41. In a certain tiny college, rigorous academic work and traditional manual labor are integrated.
42. Tiny colleges focus on educating students to become well-rounded citizens instead of seeking their own
expansion.
43. The essence of education lies in the interaction between people.
44. After her retirement, the author has decided to set up a tiny college in her hometown.
45. Tiny colleges are justified as it is believed that our growth into full humanity comes through interaction
with people near and dear to us.
7大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide
on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
If you’re someone who has turned to snacking on junk food more in the pandemic (大流行病), you’re
not alone. Investigative reporter Michael Moss says processed food is engineered to hook you, not unlike
alcohol, cigarettes, or other harmful substances. His 2013 book, Salt Sugar Fat, explored food companies’
aggressive marketing of those products and their impact on our health. In his new book, Hooked, Moss
updates the food giants’ efforts to keep us eating what they serve, and how they’re responding to complaints
from consumers and health advocates.
Processed food is inexpensive, it’s legal, and it’s everywhere. Companies’ advertising is cueing us to
remember those products and we want those products constantly. So the food environment is one of those key
things that makes food even more problematic for so many people. Memory, nostalgia (怀旧) in particular,
plays a big role in the foods we crave. Soda companies discovered that if they put a soda in the hands of a
child when they’re at a ball game with their parents, that soda will forever be associated with that joyous
moment. Later in life, when that child wants to experience a joyous moment, they’re going to think of soda.
Many people seek comfort in the snacks they remember from childhood.
Moss examines the way companies capitalize on our memories, cravings and brain chemistry to keep us
snacking.
One of the reasons I came to think that some of these food products are even more powerful, more
troublesome than drugs can be is memory. What we eat is all about memory. And we begin forming memories
for food at a really early age. And we keep those memories for a lifetime. Knowing this, the food industry
spends lots of time trying to shape the memories that we have for their products. One of the features of
addiction that scientists studying drug addiction discovered back in the 1990s was that the faster a substance
hits the brain, the more apt we are as a result to act impulsively. There’s nothing faster than food in its ability
to hit the brain. For Moss, this puts the notion of “fast food” in an entirely new light as this isn’t limited
to fast food chains—almost 90% of food products in grocery stores are processed foods. Everything in the
industry is about speed, from manufacturing to packaging.
Overall, Moss outlines the industry’s dependence on making their products inexpensive, super delicious,
and incredibly convenient for consumers. Now that more and more people care about what they put in
their bodies and are wanting to eat healthier, these companies are finding it really difficult to meet that new
demand because of their own addiction to making these convenience foods.
46. In what way does Michael Moss think processed food is comparable to alcohol and cigarettes?
A) They are all addictive. C) They are all engineered to be enjoyed.
82023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）
B) They are all necessary evils. D) They are all in increasingly great demand.
47. What does the author say plays a key role in the foods we crave?
A) The food environment. C) Convenience.
B) Aggressive marketing. D) Memory.
48. What do food companies do to capitalize on consumers’ association with their food products?
A) They strive to influence how consumers remember their products.
B) They attempt to use consumers’ long-term memories to promote addiction.
C) They try to exploit consumers’ memories for their products as early as possible.
D) They endeavor to find what consumers remember about their products.
49. How does the food industry operate from manufacturing to packaging, according to Moss?
A) Placing the idea of fast food in an entirely new light.
B) Setting no limit to the number of fast food chains.
C) Focusing on how quickly the work is done.
D) Prioritizing the quality of their products.
50.Why are companies finding it difficult to satisfy consumers’ demand for healthier food products?
A) They think speed of production outweighs consumers’ health.
B) They believe their industry would perish without fast foods.
C) They have to strike a balance between taste and nutrition.
D) They are hooked on manufacturing convenience foods.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Chimpanzees ( 黑猩猩 ), human beings’ closest animal relatives, share up to 98% of our genes. Yet
humans and chimpanzees lead very different lives. Fewer than 300,000 wild chimpanzees live in a few
forested corners of Africa today, while humans have colonized every corner of the globe. At more than 7
billion, human population dwarfs that of nearly all other mammals—despite our physical weaknesses.
What could account for our species’ incredible evolutionary successes?
One obvious answer is our big brains. It could be that our raw intelligence gave us an unprecedented
ability to think outside the box, innovating solutions to thorny problems as people migrated across the globe.
But a growing number of cognitive scientists and anthropologists ( 人类学家 ) are rejecting that
explanation. They think that, rather than making our living as innovators, we survive and thrive precisely
because we don’t think for ourselves. Instead, people cope with challenging climates and ecological contexts
by carefully copying others.
In a famous study, psychologists Victoria Horner and Andrew Whiten showed two groups of test
subjects—children and chimpanzees—a mechanical box with a treat inside. In one condition, the box was
opaque, while in the other it was transparent. The experimenters demonstrated how to open the box to retrieve
the treat, but they also included the irrelevant step of tapping on the box with a stick.
Oddly, the children carefully copied all the steps to open the box, even when they could see that the stick
had no practical effect. That is, they copied irrationally: Instead of doing only what was necessary to get their
9大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
reward, children slavishly imitated every action they’d witnessed.
Of course, that study only included three- and four-year-olds. But additional research has shown that
older children and adults are even more likely to mindlessly copy others’ actions, and infants are less likely to
over-imitate—that is, to precisely copy even impractical actions.
By contrast, chimpanzees in the study only over-imitated in the opaque condition. In the transparent
condition—where they saw that the stick was mechanically useless—they ignored that step entirely. Other
research has since supported these findings.
When it comes to copying, chimpanzees are more rational than human children or adults.
Where does the seemingly irrational human preference for over-imitation come from? Anthropologist
Joseph Henrich points out that people around the world rely on technologies that are often so complex that no
one can learn them rationally. Instead, people must learn them step by step, trusting in the wisdom of more
experienced elders and peers.
So the next time you hear someone arguing passionately that everyone should embrace nonconformity
and avoid imitating others, you might laugh a little bit. We’re not chimpanzees, after all.
51. What might explain humans’ having the largest population of almost all mammals?
A) They are equipped with raw strength for solving the most challenging problems.
B) They cope with the outside world more effectively than their animal relatives.
C) They possess the most outstanding ability to think.
D) They know how to survive everywhere on earth.
52. What accounts for humans’ evolutionary successes according to a growing number of cognitive scientists
and anthropologists?
A) They are better at innovating solutions.
B) They thrive through creative strategies.
C) They are naturally adaptive to ecological contexts.
D) They meet challenges by imitating others carefully.
53. What does the author think is odd about the findings of the study by Victoria Horner and Andrew Whiten?
A) Children irrationally imitated every action of the experimenters.
B) Chimpanzees could tell the transparent box from the opaque one.
C) Chimpanzees could retrieve the treat more quickly than children did.
D) Children omitted the step of tapping on the box with a stick to open it.
54. What is anthropologist Joseph Henrich’s explanation for the human preference for copying?
A) It originates in the rationality of people around the world.
B) It stems from the way people learn complex technologies.
C) It results from people distrusting their own wisdom.
D) It derives from the desire to acquire knowledge step by step.
55. What point does the author want to emphasize when he says “We’re not chimpanzees”?
A) It is arguable whether everyone should avoid imitation.
B) It is characteristic of human beings to copy others.
102023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第一套）
C) It is desirable to trust in more knowledgeable peers.
D) It is naive to laugh at someone embracing nonconformity.
Part ⅣⅣ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: F or this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You
should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
随着中国经济的快速发展和人们生活水平的稳步提高，城市居民对环境和生活品质的要求越来
越高。中国地方政府更加注重公共设施的建设和改进，以更好地满足人们的需求。通过兴建新的广场、
公园和公共绿地或对原有公共场地重新加以规划改造，许多城市为市民提供了更多休闲和社交的场
所。如今，政府出资购置的健身器械和铺设的健身步道在不少城市随处可见，既明显改善了市民户
外活动的条件，又使城市更加美丽。
11大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
答案速查
Part Ⅰ Writing
Today there is a growing awareness that mental well-being needs to be given as much attention as
physical health. Indeed, mental health is vital to both individuals and society.
Firstly, mental well-being can promote the continuous progress of individuals. For example, with healthy
mental states, no matter what kind of difficulties we face, we can deal with them positively. Only by keeping
mental state and personal development in a virtuous cycle, can we ensure that we are moving in a better
direction. Secondly, mental well-being will affect the development of the whole society. A healthy mental
state is not only beneficial to individuals, but also has a positive impact on those around us, and conversely,
it will have a negative impact. Therefore, a healthy mental state can create a good atmosphere for families,
groups, and even society.
To sum up, everyone of us should bear in mind that mental well-being, with the same importance as
physical health, is a matter of personal and social development, which should not be underestimated.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
Section A 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D 8. C
Section B 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
Section C 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Section A 26. L 27. I 28. A 29. K 30. D 31. C 32. G 33. E 34. H 35. F
Section B 36. G 37. D 38. J 39. H 40. B 41. I 42. C 43. L 44. E 45. N
Section C 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. B
Part Ⅳ Translation
With the rapid development of China’s economy and the steady improvement of people’s living
standards, urban residents have increasingly high requirements for the environment and quality of life.
Chinese local governments are paying more attention to the construction and improvement of public facilities
to better meet people’s needs. By building new squares, parks, and public green spaces, or replanning and
reinventing existing public spaces, many cities have provided more places for citizens to relax and socialize.
Today, government-funded fitness equipment and fitness trails can be seen everywhere in many cities, which
not only significantly improves the conditions of outdoor activities for citizens, but also makes the city more
beautiful.
12未得到监考教师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册！
2023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第二套）
Part ⅠⅠ Writing (30 minutes)
（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “It is
widely accepted that an important goal of education is to help students learn how to learn.”
You can make comments, cite examples or use your personal experiences to develop your essay.
You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
Part ⅡⅡ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: I n this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will
hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you
hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. A) It was spacious and tranquil. C) It was shabby and solitary.
B) It was warm and comfortable. D) It was tiny and noisy.
2. A) She no longer hates people talking loudly in the dorm.
B) She misses her roommates she used to complain about.
C) She begins to enjoy the movies she once found irritating.
D) She finds the crowded dorm as cozy as her new apartment.
3. A) He found the apartment perfectly furnished. C) He had a similar feeling to the woman’s.
B) He had a feeling of despair and frustration. D) He felt the new place was like paradise.
4. A) Go to see the woman’s apartment. C) Buy some furniture for the woman.
B) Make a phone call to his parents. D) Decorate the woman’s apartment.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5. A) He works as a literary critic. C) He has initiated a university reform.
B) He hosts an educational program. D) He has published a book recently.
6. A) It fails to keep up with the radical changes of society.
B) It fails to ensure universities get sufficient resources.
13大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
C) It has not prepared young people for the job market.
D) It has not fostered the growth of the arts disciplines.
7. A) More of the budget should go to science and technology.
B) The underfunded music discipline should be prioritized.
C) Subdisciplines like sculpture should get more funding.
D) Literature should get as much funding as engineering.
8. A) Build a prosperous nation. C) Create ingenious artists.
B) Make skilled professionals. D) Cultivate better citizens.
Section B
Directions: I n this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or
four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then
mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. A) It is quite common. C) It seldom annoys people.
B) It is rarely noticed. D) It occurs when one is alone.
10. A) Seeing things in black and white.
B) Engaging in regular contemplation.
C) Having a special understanding of creativity.
D) Knowing how to make their mental batteries work.
11. A) Engaging in intense activity. C) Working on a particular project.
B) Fantasizing in one’s down time. D) Reflecting during one’s relaxation.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
12. A) Farmers helped Native Americans grow crops. C) There existed post offices.
B) There were expansive university campuses. D) Migrants found gold there.
13. A) It helped to boost the economy in the American West.
B) It provided job opportunities for many gold seekers.
C) It extended the influence of the federal government.
D) It kept people in the deserts and plains connected.
14. A) It employed Native Americans to work as postmen.
B) It commissioned private wagons to carry the mail.
C) It subsidized the locals who acted as postmasters.
D) It centralized postal services in its remote areas.
15. A) He analyzed interactive maps of mail routes.
B) He read a large collection of books on the topic.
C) He examined its historical trends with data science.
D) He collected data about its impact on local business.
142023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第二套）
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four
questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose
the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16. A) Higher levels of anxiety may improve people’s memory.
B) Some experiences are easier to remember than others.
C) Most people tend to remember things selectively.
D) Simple things may leave a deep impression on one’s memory.
17. A) They classified the participants’ mindset.
B) They showed some photos to the participants.
C) They measured the participants’ anxiety levels.
D) They tested the size of the participants’ vocabulary.
18. A) Anxiety has become a serious problem for an increasing number of people.
B) Extreme levels of anxiety can adversely affect cognitive performance.
C) People diagnosed with anxiety disorder may forget things selectively.
D) There is no direct correlation between memory and levels of anxiety.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.
19. A) They compare products from different companies before making a choice.
B) They get information from other consumers’ postings and comments.
C) They lose patience when their phone call is no promptly answered.
D) They expect to get instantaneous responses to their inquiry.
20. A) Giving them rewards on the spot.
B) Broadening their scope of interest.
C) Speaking directly to their emotions.
D) Focusing on the details of the product.
21. A) Change the rules of the game in the market every year.
B) Keep up with the latest technological developments.
C) Learn from technological innovators to do business.
D) Make greater efforts to build up consumers’ confidence.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
22. A) People have only one social engagement per week.
B) Working together enhances friendship.
C) Few people have devoted friends.
D) Friendships benefit work.
23. A) The impact of friends on people’s self-esteem.
B) How supportive friends can be in the workplace.
15大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
C) How to boost one’s sense of value and worthiness.
D) The role of family ties in people’s mental well-being.
24. A) They show little interest in their friends’ work.
B) They tend to be much more difficult to make.
C) They are more trustworthy and reliable.
D) They increase people’s job satisfaction.
25. A) Allow employees to have a flexible work schedule.
B) Encourage employees to be friends with colleagues.
C) Help employees balance work and family responsibilities.
D) Organize activities to nourish friendships outside of work.
Part ⅢⅢ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: I n this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each
blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage
through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.
Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through
the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Imagine sitting down to a big dinner: a massive steak, a large portion of fried potatoes, and cake for
dessert. After eating so much, you should be too full to eat another bite. But some people experience a
powerful urge to keep eating, even after 26 in a huge meal, a behavior that makes little sense, as most
adults are well-versed in the dangers of obesity, which researchers have shown correlates with 27 health
issues and is even linked to increased 28 risk. But some people still keep eating long after they should
stop, a phenomenon Dr. Susan Thompson calls “insatiable (永不满足的) hunger.” It is characterized by two
main 29 : not being satisfied by eating, and having a desire to stay sedentary (久坐不动的).
This is at 30 with how humans are biologically programmed. When there was a great deal of food available,
ancient people would gorge on calories; this massive calorie intake was accompanied by an urge to get active.
Humans were also programmed for something called “compensation,” which is the brain’s 31 mechanism
for preventing the accumulation of excess weight. With compensation, if you eat one large meal in the
morning, you are naturally 32 to eat less for the rest of the day.
But recent studies show that 70% of American adults have lost the ability to naturally compensate for the
calories they consume; worse 33 , a significant number of them report 34 hunger halfway through
an eating session, but, by the end of the meal, they feel the same or higher levels of hunger than when they sat
down. Dr. Thompson argues that the main cause of this phenomenon is the modern diet, which is 35 of
food high in sugar, carbohydrates and calories.
162023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第二套）
A) attributes I) innumerable
B) comprised J) mortality
C) conceded K) odds
D) conservation L) plights
E) diminishing M) regulatory
F) far N) still
G) inclined O) unmatchable
H) indulging
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement
contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the
information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked
with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The problem with being perfect
[A] When psychologist Jessica Pryor lived near an internationally renowned university, she once saw a
student walking into a library holding a sleeping bag and a coffee maker. She has heard of graduate
students spending 12 to 18 hours at a time in the lab. Their schedules are meant to be literally punishing:
If they are scientists-in-training, they won’t allow themselves to watch Netflix until their experiments
start generating results. “Relationships become estranged (疏远的)—people stop inviting them to social
gatherings or dinner parties, which leads them to spend even more time in the lab,” Pryor told me.
[B] A long with other therapists, Pryor, who is now with the Family Institute at Northwestern University,
is trying to sound the alarm about a tendency among young adults and college students to strive for
perfection in their work—sometimes at any cost. Though it is often portrayed as a positive trait, Pryor
and others say extreme perfectionism can lead to depression, anxiety, and even suicide.
[C] What’s more, perfectionism seems to be on the rise. In a study of thousands of American, Canadian, and
British college students published earlier this year, Thomas Curran of the University of Bath and Andrew
Hill of York St. John University found that today’s college students report higher levels of perfectionism
than college students did during the 1990s or early 2000s. They measured three types of perfectionism:
self-oriented, or a desire to be perfect; socially prescribed, or a desire to live up to others’ expectations;
and other-oriented, or holding others to unrealistic standards. From 1989 to 2016, they found, self-
oriented perfectionism scores increased by 10 percent, socially prescribed scores rose by 33 percent, and
other-oriented perfectionism increased by 16 percent.
[D] A person living with an other-oriented perfectionist might feel criticized by the perfectionist spouse for not
doing household chores exactly the “right” way. “One of the most common things couples argue about is the
proper way of loading the dishwasher,” says Amy Bach, a psychologist in Providence, Rhode Island.
[E] Curran describes socially prescribed perfectionism as “My self-esteem is contingent on what other people
17大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
think.” His study didn’t examine the causal reasons for its rise, but he assumes that the rise of both
standardized testing and social media might play a role. These days, LinkedIn alerts us when our rival
gets a new job, and Instagram can let us know how well “liked” our lives are compared with a friend’s. In
an opinion piece earlier this year, Curran and Hill argue that society has also become more dog-eat-dog.
“Over the last 50 years, public interest and civic responsibility have been progressively eroded,” they
write, “replaced by a focus on self-interest and competition in a supposedly free and open marketplace.”
We strive for perfection, it seems, because we feel we must in order to get ahead. Michael Brustein, a
clinical psychologist in Manhattan, says when he first began practicing in 2007, he was surprised by how
prevalent perfectionism was among his clients, despite how little his graduate training had focused on
the phenomenon. He sees perfectionism in, among others, clients who are entrepreneurs, artists, and tech
employees. “You’re in New York because you’re ambitious, you have this need to strive,” he says. “But
then your whole identity gets wrapped into a goal.”
[F] Perfectionism can, of course, be a positive force. Think of professional athletes, who train aggressively
for ever-higher levels of competition. In well-adjusted perfectionism, someone who doesn’t get the gold
is able to forget the setback and move on. In maladaptive (不当的) perfectionism, meanwhile, people
make an archive of all their failures. They revisit these archives constantly, thinking, as Pryor puts
it, “I need to make myself feel terrible so I don’t do this again.” Then they double down, “raising the
expectation bar even higher, which increases the likelihood of defeat, which makes you self-critical, so
you raise the bar higher, work even harder,” she says. Next comes failure, shame, and pushing yourself
even harder toward even higher and more impossible goals. Meeting them becomes an “all or nothing”
premise. Pryor offered this example: “Even if I’m an incredible attorney, if I don’t make partner in the
same pacing as one of my colleagues, clearly that means I’m a failure.”
[G] Brustein says his perfectionist clients tend to devalue their accomplishments, so that every time a goal
is achieved, the high lasts only a short time, like “a gas tank with a hole in it.” If the boss says you did a
great job, it’s because he doesn’t know anything. If the audience likes your work, that’s because it’s too
stupid to know what good art actually is. But, therapists say, there are also different ways perfectionism
manifests. Some perfectionists are always pushing themselves forward. But others actually fall behind
on work, unable to complete assignments unless they are, well, perfect. Or they might handicap their
performance ahead of time. They’re the ones partying until 2 a.m. the night before the final, so that when
the grade C rolls in, there’s a ready excuse.
[H] While educators and parents have successfully convinced students of the need to be high performing
and diligent, the experts told me, they haven’t adequately prepared them for the inevitability of failure.
Instead of praises like “You’re so smart,” parents and educators should say things like “You really stuck
with it,” Pryor says, to emphasize the value of perseverance over intrinsic talent. Pryor notes that many
of her clients are wary she’ll “turn them into some degenerate couch potato and teach them to be okay
with it.” Instead, she tries to help them think through the parts of their perfectionism they’d like to keep,
and to lose the parts that are ruining their lives.
[I] Bach, who sees many students from Brown University, says some of them don’t even go out on
weekends, let alone weekdays. She tells them, “Aim high, but get comfortable with good enough.” When
182023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第二套）
they don’t get some award, she encourages them to remember that “one outcome is not a basis for a
broad conclusion about the person’s intelligence, qualifications, or potential for the future.”
[J] The treatment for perfectionism might be as simple as having patients keep logs of things they can be
proud of, or having them behave imperfectly in small ways, just to see how it feels. “We might have them
hang the towels crooked (不正的) or wear some clothing inside out,” says Martin Antony, a professor in
the department of psychology at Ryerson University in Toronto.
[K] Brustein likes to get his perfectionist clients to create values that are important to them, then try to shift
their focus to living according to those values rather than achieving specific goals. It’s a play on the “You
really stuck with it” message for kids. In other words, it isn’t about doing a headstand in yoga class; it’s
about going to yoga class in the first place, because you like to be the kind of person who takes care of
herself. But he warns that some people go into therapy expecting too much—an instant transformation of
themselves from a pathological (病态的) perfectionist to a (still high-achieving) non-perfectionist. They
try to be perfect, in other words, at no longer being perfect.
36. Socially prescribed perfectionism is described as one’s self-esteem depending on other people’s opinion.
37. Jessica Pryor has learned that some graduate students work such long hours in the lab that they have little
time for entertainment or socializing.
38. The author believes perfectionism may sometimes be constructive.
39. It is found that perfectionism is getting more and more prevalent among college students.
40. Some experts suggest parents and educators should prepare students for failures.
41. Some therapists warn that young adults tend to pursue perfection in their work.
42. Psychologist Amy Bach encourages her students to aim high but be content with something less than perfect.
43. A clinical psychologist finds perfectionism is widespread among his clients.
44. In trying to overcome perfectionism, some people are still pursuing perfection.
45. In pursuing perfection, some perfectionists fail to complete their tasks on time.
Section C
Directions: T here are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide
on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
How on earth did we come to this? We protect our children obsessively from every harm; we scrutinize
every carer, teacher or doctor with whom they come into contact. Yet despite all this, one group, which in no
way has their best interests at heart, has almost unconstrained access.
We seem to take it for granted that advertisers and marketers are allowed to condition even the youngest
children. Before children have even developed a proper sense of their own identity, or learned to handle
19大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
money, they’re encouraged to associate status and self-worth with stuff, and to look to external things such as
fame and wealth for validation. We’re turning out little consumers rather than young citizens who will value
themselves for what they contribute to the society in which they live.
We’ve reached this point so gradually that many of us have never questioned it. It’s crept up on us in the
60 years since advertisers started to target the young and found that they could recruit them to a commercial
assault on their parents. We’ve come to know it as “pester power” or the ability of children to pressure parents
to make certain purchases.
Many psychologists, child development experts and educators point to research suggesting that this
emerging cradle-to-grave consumerism is contributing to growing rates of low self-esteem, depression and
other forms of mental illness.
Not all psychologists agree. There’re plenty working hand in glove with a￡ 12bn-a-year industry that
has turned the manipulation of adult emotions and desires into an art form—often literally. It’s also one
that’s forever developing new ways to persuade our children to desire material possessions, and because of
advertisements’ viral effect they only need to infect a few to reach the many. Advertising and marketing can
serve a useful purpose for children. Marketing may help socialize children as consumers, inform them about
products, and help them carve out unique identities as they reach adulthood.
Then, should we ban all advertising aimed at young children? I say yes.
Of course there’ll be plenty of objections to an outright ban on advertising to the under-11s. There’ll
be those who argue that would be a breach of freedom of speech and infringe the rights of corporations to
brainwash little children into demanding their products.
Most parents hate what advertising does to their children, but we do have the power to end it and let
our children grow up free from many of the pressures of consumerism until they’re old enough to make their own
decisions. And though advertising is only part of an all-pervasive (无处不在的) marketing culture we
need to make a start somewhere. Let’s ban all advertising targeting children of primary school age and younger
now.
46. Which group of people does the author say has almost unrestricted access to children?
A) Advertisers. B) Carers. C) Teachers. D) Doctors.
47. What kind of people should we enable children to become according to the author?
A) Those who look to fame and wealth for external and ultimate validation.
B) Those who value themselves because of their contribution to society.
C) Those who associate self-worth with the ability to handle money.
D) Those who have developed a proper sense of their own identity.
48. Many child development experts and educators call attention to research that suggests .
A) life-long consumerism is causing more and more cases of psychological problems
B) increasing commercialization of education is eroding many children’s self-esteem
C) the growing desire for wealth is contributing to a rising rate of depression
D) the craving for purchasing material things is nurtured throughout one’s life
202023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第二套）
49. What does the author imply about the impact of advertising?
A) It is actually infectious to many rather than a few.
B) It is rooted in our desire for material possessions.
C) It is comparable to that of virus.
D) It is literally limited to children.
50. What is the opponents’ argument against a complete ban on advertising to young children?
A) It would deprive them of the chance to learn about products.
B) It would render them unable to carve out unique identities.
C) It would breach their freedom as would-be consumers.
D) It would violate the rights endowed upon advertisers.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Many oppose workplace surveillance, because of the inherent dehumanizing effect it has and the
relentless pressure it brings. But it’s on the rise around the world as firms look to become more efficient by
squeezing more productivity from their workers. More than half of companies with over $750m in annual
revenue used “non-traditional” monitoring techniques on staff last year.
Monitoring employee performance gives firms the ability to assess how their staff are performing and
interacting, which can be good for both the firm and employees themselves. A growing number of analytics
companies offer this service. They gather “data exhaust” left by employees’ email and instant messaging
apps, and use name badges equipped with radio-frequency identification devices and microphones. These
can check how much time you spend talking, your volume and tone of voice, even if you do not dominate
conversations. While this may sound intrusive, exponents argue that it can also protect employees against
bullying and sexual harassment.
Some of this data analysis can produce unexpected results. For example, it was found that people who
sat at 12-person lunch tables tended to interact, share ideas more and outperform those who regularly sat at
four-person tables, a fact that would probably have gone undetected without such data analysis.
Over the last few years a Stockholm co-working space called Epicenter has gone much further and holds
popular “chipping parties”, where people can have microchips implanted in their hands. They can use the implants
to access electronically-controlled doors, or monitor how typing speed correlates with heart rate. Implanted chips
may seem extreme, but it is a relatively small step from ID cards and biometrics to such devices.
As long as such schemes are voluntary, there will probably be a growing number of convenience-
oriented uses so that a substantial number of workers would opt to have a chip inserted. But if implanted
chips are used to reduce slack time or rest breaks, that could prove to be detrimental. And if surveillance
tools take away autonomy, that’s when they prove most unpopular. A lot depends on how such monitoring
initiatives are communicated and this could prevent possible revolts being staged.
If bosses don’t communicate effectively, employees assume the worst. But if they’re open about the
information they’re collecting and what they’re doing with it, research suggests 46% of employees are
generally okay with it. Although many such monitoring schemes use anonymised data and participation is
21大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
voluntary, many staffers remain sceptical and fear an erosion of their civil liberties.
So workplace surveillance could be empowering for staff and useful for companies looking to become
more efficient and profitable. But implemented in the wrong way, it could also become an unpopular tool of
oppression that proves counterproductive.
51. Why are many people opposed to monitoring employee performance?
A) It puts workers under constant pressure.
B) It is universally deemed anti-human by nature.
C) It does both mental and physical harm to employees monitored.
D) It enables firms to squeeze maximal productivity from employees.
52. What is the supporters’ argument for workplace surveillance?
A) It enables employees to refrain from dominating conversations.
B) It enhances employees’ identification with firms they work in.
C) It can alert employees to intrusion into their privacy.
D) It can protect employees against aggressive behavior.
53. What does the author want to show by the example of different numbers of people interacting at lunch tables?
A) Data analysis is key to the successful implementation of workplace surveillance.
B) Analyzing data gathered from workers can yield something unexpected.
C) More workmates sitting at a lunch table tend to facilitate interaction and idea sharing.
D) It is hard to decide on how many people to sit at a lunch table without data analysis.
54. What does much of the positive effect of monitoring initiatives depend on?
A) How frequently employees are to be monitored.
B) What specific personal information is being excluded.
C) What steps are taken to minimize their detrimental impact.
D) How well bosses make known their purpose of monitoring.
55. What concern do monitoring initiatives cause among many staffers?
A) They may empower employers excessively.
B) They may erode the workplace environment.
C) They may infringe upon staffers’ entitled freedom.
D) They may become counterproductive in the long run.
Part ⅣⅣ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: F or this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You
should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
近年来，越来越多的中国文化产品走向全球市场，日益受到海外消费者的青睐。随着中国对外文
化贸易的快速发展，中国文化产品出口额已持续多年位居世界前列，形成了一批具有国际影响力的
文化企业、产品和品牌。数据显示，中国的出版物、影视作品、网络文学与动漫作品等在海外的销
售量连年攀升。中国政府出台了一系列政策鼓励和支持更多具有中国元素的优秀文化产品走出国门，
扩大海外市场份额，进一步提升中国文化的世界影响力。
222023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第二套）
答案速查
Part Ⅰ Writing
It is widely accepted that an important goal of education is to help students learn how to learn. As
the saying goes, “Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish and you feed him for
a lifetime”. This means that education is not only about imparting knowledge but more importantly, about
teaching students how to learn.
However, some people have a narrow understanding of education, which they see as the dissemination
of knowledge and exam results. To help students learn how to learn, schools and teachers should start with
the following points. First, cultivate the ability to think independently. Independent thinking allows us to
get rid of external distractions and look at problems rationally. Second, develop critical thinking. Group
discussions can be organized in class to give students more opportunities to express themselves freely. Third,
obtain correct learning methods. We should arrange our time reasonably and develop good study habits.
The traditional educational misconception has been that education is only the life of an ascetic in a
serious classroom, and neglects self-education that is more meaningful to people. We must promote quality
education and teach students to educate themselves.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
Section A 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. D
Section B 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C
Section C 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. A
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Section A 26. H 27. I 28. J 29. A 30. K 31. M 32. G 33. N 34. E 35. B
Section B 36. E 37. A 38. F 39. C 40. H 41. B 42. I 43. E 44. K 45. G
Section C 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. C
Part Ⅳ Translation
In recent years, a growing number of Chinese cultural products, which increasingly gain popularity
among overseas consumers, have moved towards the global market. As China’s foreign cultural trade rapidly
grows, it has been leading the world with its export volumes of cultural products for consecutive years,
forming a group of cultural enterprises, products and brands with international influence. Data show that
the foreign sales in publication, film and television works, online literature and animation have been rising
in successive years. A series of policies have been introduced by the Chinese government to encourage and
support the export of a greater number of high-quality products with Chinese elements, expand market share
abroad and further promote the global influence of Chinese culture.
23未得到监考教师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册！
2023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
Part ⅠⅠ Writing (30 minutes)
（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “When
faced with differing opinions, we should try to reach agreement through friendly discussion
and reasonable argument.” You can make comments, cite examples or use your personal
experiences to develop your essay. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200
words.
Part ⅡⅡ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
说明：由于 2023年6月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前两套内容相同，只是选
项顺序不一样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part ⅢⅢ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each
blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage
through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.
Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through
the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Scientists recently examined studies on dog intelligence and compared them with research into
the minds of other intelligent animals. The researchers found that dogs are among the more intelligent
carnivores (食肉动物), social hunters and domestic animals, but that their intelligence does not 26 other
intelligent animals in any of those categories. Though a significant body of research has examined dog
cognition 27 , the authors of this new study found little to warrant the 28 of work that has been
devoted to the topic.
Stephen Lea, lead author of the new study, argues that many researchers seem to have designed their
studies to 29 how clever dogs are, rather than simply to study dogs’ brains. Lea and a colleague
examined more than 300 studies of dog cognition, comparing the studies’ results with those from research
242023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
into other animals. The researchers made specific comparisons between the different species in different
categories of intelligence. These comparisons 30 that dogs are intelligent, but their intelligence is not
as 31 as some researchers might have believed.
In many areas, though, comparisons were not possible. For example, the researchers noted that both
dogs and cats are known to be able to recognize and 32 human voices. But the investigators could not
find any data to indicate which species can remember a greater number of 33 human voices, so it was
impossible to compare the two on that front. However, not all researchers agree 34 with the findings of
this study. Zachary Silver, an American researcher, believes the authors of the new study 35 the idea that
an excessive amount of research has been devoted to dogs, as the field of dog cognition is young, and there is
much to be learned about how dogs think.
A) affirmed I) overstated
B) approximately J) pledge
C) completely K) previously
D) differentiate L) prospective
E) distinct M) prove
F) domain N) surpass
G) formidable O) volume
H) outperformed
Section B
Directions: I n this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each
statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph
from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each
paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter
on Answer Sheet 2.
The lifesaving power of gratitude
[A] Gratitude may be more beneficial than we commonly suppose. One recent study asked participants to
write a note of thanks to someone and then estimate how surprised and happy the recipient would feel—
an impact that they consistently underestimated. Another study assessed the health benefits of writing
thank-you notes. The researchers found that writing as few as three weekly thank-you notes over the
course of three weeks improved life satisfaction, increased happy feelings and reduced symptoms of
depression.
[B] While this research into gratitude is relatively new, the principles involved are anything but.
Students of mine in a political philosophy course at Indiana University are reading Daniel Defoe’s
300-year-old Robinson Crusoe, often regarded as the first novel published in English. Left alone on
an unknown island with no apparent prospect of rescue or escape, Crusoe has much to lament (悲叹).
But instead of giving in to despair, he makes a list of things for which he is grateful, including the fact
25大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
that he is the sole survivor from the shipwreck (海难) and has been able to salvage many useful items
from the wreckage.
[C] Defoe’s masterpiece, which is often ranked as one of the world’s greatest novels, provides a portrait
of gratitude in action that is as timely and relevant today as it has ever been. It is also one with which
contemporary psychology and medicine are just beginning to catch up. Simply put, for most of us, it is
far more helpful to focus on the things in life for which we can express gratitude than those that incline
us toward resentment and lamentation.
[D] When we focus on the things we regret, such as failed relationships, family disputes, and setbacks in
career and finance, we tend to become more regretful. Conversely, when we focus on the things we are
grateful for, a greater sense of happiness tends to spread through our lives. And while no one would argue
for cultivating a false sense of blessedness, there is mounting evidence that counting our blessings is one
of the best habits we can develop to promote mental and physical health.
[E] Gratitude has long enjoyed a privileged position in many of the world’s cultural traditions. For example,
some ancient Western philosophers counsel gratitude that is both enduring and complete, and some
Eastern thinkers portray it as not merely an attitude but a virtue to be put into practice.
[F] R ecent scientific studies support these ancient teachings. Individuals who regularly engage in gratitude
exercises, such as counting their blessings or expressing gratitude to others, exhibit increased satisfaction
with relationships and fewer symptoms of physical illness. And the benefits are not only psychological
and physical. They may also be moral—those who practice gratitude also view their lives less
materialistically and suffer from less envy.
[G] There are multiple explanations for such benefits of gratefulness. One is the fact that expressing
gratitude encourages others to continue being generous, thus promoting a virtuous cycle of goodness
in relationships. Similarly, grateful people may be more likely to reciprocate ( 回报 ) with acts of
kindness of their own. Broadly speaking, a community in which people feel grateful to one another is
likely to be a more pleasant place to live than one characterized by mutual suspicion and resentment. The
beneficial effects of gratitude may extend even further. For example, when many people feel good about
what someone else has done for them, they experience a sense of being lifted up, with a corresponding
enhancement of their regard for humanity. Some are inspired to attempt to become better people
themselves, doing more to help bring out the best in others and bringing more goodness into the world
around them.
[H] Gratitude also tends to strengthen a sense of connection with others. When people want to do good things
that inspire gratitude, the level of dedication in relationships tends to grow and relationships seem to last
longer. And when people feel more connected, they are more likely to choose to spend their time with
one another and demonstrate their feelings of affection in daily acts.
[I] O f course, acts of kindness can also foster discomfort. For example, if people feel they are not worthy
of kindness or suspect that some ulterior (别有用心的) motive lies behind it, the benefits of gratitude
will not be realized. Likewise, receiving a kindness can give rise to a sense of indebtedness, leaving
beneficiaries feeling that they must now pay back whatever good they have received. Gratitude can
flourish only if people are secure enough in themselves and sufficiently trusting to allow it to do so.
262023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
Another obstacle to gratitude is often called a sense of entitlement. Instead of experiencing a benefaction
(善行) as a good turn, people sometimes regard it as a mere payment of what they are owed, for which
no one deserves any moral credit.
[J] There are a number of practical steps anyone can take to promote a sense of gratitude. One is
simply spending time on a regular basis thinking about someone who has made a difference, or
perhaps writing a thank-you note or expressing such gratitude in person. Others are found in ancient
religious disciplines, such as reflecting on benefactions received from another person or actually
praying for the health and happiness of a benefactor. In addition to benefactions received, it is also
possible to focus on opportunities to do good oneself, whether those acted on in the past or hoped for in
the future. Some people are most grateful not for what others have done for them but for chances they
enjoyed to help others. In regularly reflecting on the things in his life he is grateful for, Defoe’s Crusoe
believes that he becomes a far better person than he would have been had he remained in the society from
which he originally set out on his voyage.
[K] Reflecting on generosity and gratitude, the great basketball coach John Wooden once offered two
counsels to his players and students. First, he said, “It is impossible to have a perfect day unless you have
done something for someone who will never be able to repay you.” In saying this, Wooden sought to
promote purely generous acts, as opposed to those performed with an expectation of reward. Second, he
said, “Give thanks for your blessings every day.”
[L] Some faith traditions incorporate such practices into the rhythm of daily life. For example, adherents of
some religions offer prayers of thanksgiving every morning before rising and every night before lying
down to sleep. Others offer thanks throughout the day, such as before meals. Other less frequent special
events, such as births, deaths and marriages, may also be heralded by such prayers.
[M] When Defoe depicted Robinson Crusoe making thanksgiving a daily part of his island life, he
was anticipating findings in social science and medicine that would not appear for hundreds of
years. Yet he was also reflecting the wisdom of religious and philosophical traditions that extend
back thousands of years. Gratitude is one of the healthiest and most nourishing of all states of mind,
and those who adopt it as a habit are enriching not only their own lives but also the lives of those
around them.
36. It does us far more good to focus on things we can be grateful for than what makes us sad and resentful.
37. The beneficial impacts of gratitude can extend from individuals to their community and to the wider
society.
38. The participants in a recent study repeatedly underestimated the positive effect on those who received
thank-you notes.
39. Good deeds can sometimes make people feel uncomfortable.
40. People who regularly express gratitude can benefit in moral terms.
41. A basketball coach advocated performing generous acts without expecting anything in return.
42. More and more evidence shows it makes us mentally and physically healthier to routinely count our
blessings.
27大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
43. Of all states of mind, feeling grateful is considered one of the most healthy and beneficial.
44. The principles underlying the research into gratitude are nothing new at all.
45. Gratitude is likely to enhance one’s sense of being connected with other people.
Section C
Directions: T here are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide
on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Technology is never a neutral tool for achieving human ends. Technological innovations reshape people
as they use these innovations to control their environment. Artificial intelligence, for example, is altering
humanity.
While the term AI conjures up anxieties about killer robots or catastrophic levels of unemployment, there
are other, deeper implications. As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what
it means to be human? Central to the problem is a person’s capacity to make choices, particularly judgments
that have moral implications.
Aristotle argued that the capacity for making practical judgments depends on regularly making them—
on habit and practice. We see the emergence of machines as substitute judges in a variety of everyday
contexts as a potential threat to people learning how to effectively exercise judgment themselves.
In the workplace, managers routinely make decisions about who to hire or fire and which loan to approve, to
name a few. These are areas where algorithmic (算法的) prescription is replacing human judgment, and so people
who might have had the chance to develop practical judgment in these areas no longer will.
Recommendation engines, which are increasingly prevalent intermediaries in people’s consumption
of culture, may serve to constrain choice and minimize luck. By presenting consumers with algorithmically
selected choices of what to watch, read, stream and visit next, companies are replacing human taste with
machine taste. In one sense, this is helpful. After all, machines can survey a wider range of choices than any
individual is likely to have the time or energy to do on their own.
At the same time, though, this selection is optimizing for what people are likely to prefer based on what
they’ve preferred in the past. We think there is some risk that people’s options will be constrained by their
past in a new and unanticipated way.
As machine learning algorithms improve and as they train on more extensive data sets, larger parts of
everyday life are likely to become utterly predictable. The predictions are going to get better and better, and
they will ultimately make common experiences more efficient and pleasant.
Algorithms could soon—if they don’t already—have a better idea about which show you’d like to
watch next and which job candidate you should hire than you do. One day, humans may even find a way for
machines to make these decisions without some of the biases that humans typically display.
282023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what
people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become
more and more predictable, the creatures inhabiting the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and
less like us.
46. What do we learn about the deeper implications of AI?
A) It is causing catastrophic levels of unemployment. C) It is altering moral judgments.
B) It is doing physical harm to human operators. D) It is reshaping humanity.
47. What is the consequence of algorithmic prescription replacing human judgment?
A) People lose the chance to cultivate the ability to make practical judgments.
B) People are prevented from participating in making major decisions in the workplace.
C) Managers no longer have the chance to decide which loan to approve.
D) Managers do not need to take the trouble to determine who to hire or fire.
48. What may result from increasing application of recommendation engines in our consumption of culture?
A) Consumers will have much limited choice.
B) Consumers will actually enjoy better luck.
C) It will be easier to decide on what to enjoy.
D) Humans will develop tastes similar to machines’.
49. What is likely to happen to larger parts of our daily life as machine learning algorithms improve?
A) They will turn out to be more pleasant. C) They can be completely anticipated.
B) They will repeat our past experience. D) They may become better and better.
50. Why does the author say the creatures living in the more and more AI-mediated world will become
increasingly unlike us?
A) They will have lost the most significant human element of being intelligent.
B) They will no longer possess the human characteristic of being unpredictable.
C) They will not be able to understand themselves as we can do today.
D) They will be deprived of what their predecessors were proud of about themselves.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Phonics, which involves sounding out words syllable ( 音节 ) by syllable, is the best way to teach
children to read. But in many classrooms, this can be a dirty word. So much so that some teachers have had to
sneak phonics teaching materials into the classroom. Most American children are taught to read in a way that
study after study has found to be wrong.
The consequences of this are striking. Less than half of all American adults were proficient readers in
2017. American fourth graders rank 15th on the Progress in International Literacy Study, an international
exam.
America is stuck in a debate about teaching children to read that has been going on for decades. Some
advocate teaching symbol-sound relationships (the sound k can be spelled as c, k, ck, or ch), known as
29大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
phonics. Others support an immersive approach (using pictures of a cat to learn the word cat), known as “whole
language”. Most teachers today, almost three out of four according to a survey by the EdWeek Research
Centre in 2019, use a mix called “balanced literacy”. This combination of methods is ineffective. “You can’t
sprinkle in a little phonics,” says Tenette Smith, executive director of elementary education and reading at
Mississippi’s education department. “It has to be systematic and explicitly taught.”
Mississippi, often behind in social policy, has set an example here. In a state once notorious for its low
reading scores, the Mississippi state legislature passed new literacy standards in 2013. Since then Mississippi
has seen remarkable gains. Its fourth graders have moved from 49th (out of 50 states) to 29th on the National
Assessment of Educational Progress, a nationwide exam. In 2019 it was the only state to improve its scores.
For the first time since measurement began, Mississippi’s pupils are now average readers, a remarkable
achievement in such a poor state.
Mississippi’s success is attributed to implementing reading methods supported by a body of research
known as the science of reading. In 1997 Congress requested the National Institute of Child Health and
Human Development and the Department of Education to convene a National Reading Panel to end the
“reading wars” and synthesize the evidence. The panel found that phonics, along with explicit instruction in
phonemic (音位的) awareness, fluency and comprehension, worked best.
Yet over two decades on, “balanced literacy” is still being taught in classrooms. But advances in
statistics and brain imaging have disproved the whole-language method. To the teacher who is a proficient
reader, literacy seems like a natural process that requires educated guessing, rather than the deliberate process
emphasized by phonics. Teachers can imagine that they learned to read through osmosis (潜移默化) when
they were children. Without proper training, they bring this to classrooms.
51.What do we learn about phonics in many American classrooms?
A) It is ill reputed. C) It is arbitrarily excluded.
B) It is mostly misapplied. D) It is misrepresented.
52. What has America been witnessing for decades?
A) An obsession with innovating teaching methodologies of reading.
B) An enduring debate over the approach to teaching children to read.
C) An increasing concern with many children’s inadequacy in literacy.
D) An ever-forceful advocacy of a combined method for teaching reading.
53. Why does Tenette Smith think a combination of teaching methods is ineffective?
A) Elementary school children will be frustrated when taught with several methods combined.
B) Phonics has to be systematically applied and clearly taught to achieve the desired effect.
C) Sprinkling in a little phonics deters the progress of even adequately motivated children.
D) Balanced literacy fails to sustain children’s interest in developing a good reading habit.
54. What does the author say Mississippi’s success is attributed to?
A) Convening a National Reading Panel to synthesize research evidence.
B) Placing sufficient emphasis upon both fluency and comprehension.
C) Adopting scientifically grounded approaches to teaching reading.
302023年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
D) Obtaining support from Congress to upgrade teaching methods.
55. What have advances in statistics and brain imaging proved ineffective?
A) The teaching of symbol-sound relationships. C) Efforts to end the reading wars.
B) Explicit instruction in phonemic awareness. D) The immersive approach.
Part ⅣⅣ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: F or this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You
should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
近年来，中国城市加快发展，城市人居环境得到显著改善。许多城市努力探索中国特色的城市
高质量发展之路，城市功能不断完善，治理水平明显提高。中国持续开展城市生态修复和功能修补，
全面实施城镇老旧小区改造，大力推进城市园林绿化，消除污染；同时大力推进城市基础设施体系
化建设，开展房屋建筑和市政设施普查以及安全隐患排查整治，努力为市民创造高品质的生活环境，
让城市更美丽、更安全、更宜居。
31大学英语6级真题详解及速刷狂练
答案速查
Part Ⅰ Writing
When faced with differing opinions, we should try to reach agreement through friendly discussion
and reasonable argument. I can not agree with this statement anymore. Friendly discussion and reasonable
argument are important factors to contribute to effective idea exchange or a high-quality dialogue.
Firstly, friendly discussion can lead to improvement in decision-making and problem-solving. Sometimes
we bounce ideas off others to help clarify our thinking. It is in a more comfortable and harmonious
environment that all parties involved have an opportunity to share, exchange and embrace different opinions,
thus gaining a deeper understanding of the current problem. Secondly, reasonable arguments can help to
avoid misunderstanding and division, and convince others. Everyone has their own views even on the same
issue, but logical reasoning can provide us with more support.
To sum up, friendly discussion and reasonable argument to a large extent may after all be accepted
as an ideal solution to reach disagreement, though sometimes a little compromise is also necessary to give
satisfaction to those involved.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension （ 略）
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Section A 26. N 27. K 28. O 29. M 30. A 31. G 32. D 33. E 34. C 35. I
Section B 36. C 37. G 38. A 39. I 40. F 41. K 42. D 43. M 44. B 45. H
Section C 46. D 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. B 54. C 55. D
Part Ⅳ Translation
In recent years, Chinese cities have accelerated their development, and the urban living environment
has been significantly improved. Many cities have made huge efforts to explore a way of high-quality urban
development with Chinese characteristics, and they have continuously improved urban function and have
remarkably enhanced the level of governance. China continually carries out ecological restoration and
functional repair in cities, comprehensively renovating the old urban residential communities, and actively
promoting urban landscaping to abate pollution. At the same time, the systematic construction of urban
infrastructure is vigorously facilitated, and surveys of housing construction and municipal facilities, as well
as the investigation and rectification of hidden safety hazards, are carried out with an effort to create a high-
quality living environment for citizens and make cities more beautiful, safer and habitable.
32
