文档内容
上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
年 月全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
2019 6
上海 英语试卷
I. ListeningComprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
SectionA
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespoken
only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your
paper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.
1. A.Anewbookstore. B.Anewroad.
C.Goodnovels. D.Thepasthistory.
2. A.Heisadoctorofsurgery.
B.Hewashurtyesterdaybecauseofanaccident.
C.Heinjuredhisbackyesterdayjustbysneezing.
D.Hewantstolookforajobathospital.
3. A.Excited. B.Serious. C.Impatient. D.Disappointed.
4. A.Xi’an. B.Chengdu C.Athome. D.Inthecompany.
5. A.Shelivesahealthylifenow. B.Hehasahabitofdrinkingorangejuice.
C.Heistoocarefulabouthisdiet. D.Heisusedtotakingregularexercise.
6. A.Sun. B.Water. C.Fertilizer. D.Soil.
7. A.Somecoursesonreading. B.Somecoursesonwriting.
C.Thehabitofkeepingadiary. D.Herpotentialtalent.
8. A.Sheistoobusytotakeexercises. B.Shedoesn’thaveenoughmoney.
C.It'sunnecessaryforhertotakesomelessons. D.Shehasneverplannedtoplaytennis.
9. A.Theparkisfarawayfromtheirhome.
B.Hehatestowalktothepark.
C.Hewantstodrivehiscartoanotherpark.
D.Itwillbefasterforthemtodrivetotheparkratherthanwalk.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
10. A.Heisaddingandreadingthenumbers. B.Heischeckingthefinancialreport.
C.Heisrewritingthenumber. D.Heistryingtomakethebudgetlimited.
SectionB
Directions:InSectionB, youwill heartwo shortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeasked
severalquestionsoneachoftheshortpassagesandthelongerconversation.Theshortpassagesandthelonger
conversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthe
fourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.
Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
11. A.Whentheygoforthintoanareathattheyareunfamiliarwith.
B.Whentheyarequalifiedtobringthestoryback.
C.Whentheystartanurgentproject.
D.Whentheyhaveneverwrittenthesamesubject.
12. A.Becauseheisabaseballfanallhislife.
B.Becausehehasinterviewedaprofessionalathlete.
C.Becausetheyaremovedbythespeaker’ssincerity.
D.Becausethespeakerhasdonesomesportsreportingbefore.
13. A.Broadenthestorywiththeirownstrength.
B.Growuphappilyandluckily.
C.Getsomeunexpectedresults.
D.Becomeaproductivewriter.
Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
14. A.Creativityisproductionofsomethingoriginalanduseful.
B.Creativityhappensontherightsideofthebrain.
C.Creativityisrelatedtothefreedomfromconcretefacts.
D.Everyonehashisspecialcreativity.
15. A.Byfocusingonobviousfactsandfamiliarsolutionstoseeiftheanswerliesthere.
B.Byscanningremotememoriesthatcouldbevaguelyrelevant.
C.Byfocusingourattentiontosearchforawiderangeofdistantinformation.
D.Bycuttingofftheconnectionitmayhavewiththeproblembeforeitescapes.
16. A.Thecommonsenseabouttheproductionofcreativity.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
B.Thebothsidesofthebrainworkingtogethertocreativity.
C.Asenseofpleasureproducedbythecreativity.
D.Howdifficultthatwecomeupwithanewsingleidea.
Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation
17. A.Theirplanforthesummervacation. B.Thewoman’snewjob.
C.Peter’sexperienceofvolunteer. D.Thespiritofactivities.
18. A.Supervisingavolunteerprograminanon-profitartgallery.
B.Cleaningupthegalleryeveryweekend.
C.Donatingcashandotherthings.
D.Offeringsomepart-timejobstotheyoung.
19. A.Takingpartinactivitiesthatarerespected.
B.Takingpartinactivitiesthatarecreative.
C.Takingpartinactivitiesyoushowenthusiasmfor.
D.Takingpartinactivitiesyou'reresponsiblefor.
20. A.Fund B.Persistence C.Acknowledgement. D.Respect
II. GrammarandVocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
SectionA
Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the
otherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.
MillionsofBabyOliveRidleyTurtlesEmergeinOrissa
Nature is full ofwonders. In (21)__________ is one of the most breathtaking sights in nature, millions of
baby Ridley turtles broke out of their eggshells under the sand at one of their mass nesting grounds in coastal
Orissa. The baby turtles started their journey towards the Bay of Bengal (22) __________ __________
__________ they emerged from their nest in the southern district of Ganjam, about 175 km from
Bhubaneshwar.
OrissaisthehomethreemassnestingsitesoftheOliverturtles,aspecies(23)__________(threaten)with
extinction, and one of the sites, Gahirmatha, (24) __________ around 70 to 80 million turtles lay eggs on the
beacheveryyear,isconsideredoneoftheworld’slargestnestingsites.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
The female turtles drag (25) __________ up the beach from the sea, dig a nest, lay at least one hundred
eggs,coverandconcealtheireggsandnest,andthenreturntothesea.Thefemalesnevervisitthenestagainto
takecareoftheeggsthat(26)__________(deposit)inthewarmsand.
Thebabyturtles emergefrom theeggs after 45-60days, thenthebabiesgrow withouttheir mother,which
is a rare phenomenon in nature. Interestingly, it is on the same beach where they were born (27) __________
thefemaleslaytheireggs.
Intherecentyears,seaerosionhasledtomanyturtles'nest(28)__________(damage)ordestroyed.Also,
some fierce animals such as dogs and birds (29) __________ (reduce) the number of nesting turtles. And of
course man has also had a negative impact (30) __________ using engine powered fishing boats near the
turtles'nestinggrounds.
SectionB
Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox. Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Note
thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.counting B.determined C.distraction D.environmental E.focus F.moderate
G.naturally H.performing I.worsening J.comprehensively K.modified
Myopia, or short-sightedness, is a condition in which distant objects appear blurred (模糊的), but closer
object can usually be seen in sharp focus. Its biological basis is an eye that, during childhood, has grown too
long for its optical power. The focal plane for images of distant objects ends up in front of the retina, causing
out-of-_____31_____perception.
Myopia was once regarded as almost totally genetically _____32_____. But its prevalence (流行) has
increased spectacularly in urban mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, Japan and South Korea,
where 80-90% of those completing high school are now short-sighted. This is up from 20-30% only two
generationsago.Sincegenepoolsdonotchangethatfast,thesemassivechangesmustbedueto_____33_____
change. In 2005, we _____34_____ reviewed the research on myopia and found a correlation with education.
(This was not a particularly novel insight; such a link was supposed as far back as Kepler in 1604.) We found
locations with a high prevalence of myopia were all top performers in surveys of international educational
outcomes.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
Fortunately, not all high-_____35_____ locations, Australia among them, showed a high prevalence of
myopia. This shows that high educational outcomes do not necessarily lead to myopia. We also hypothesized
thatallhumanpopulation groupshadatendencyto developmyopiaunderparticularenvironmentalconditions.
Indeed, NorthAmerica and Europe have seengrowing rates of myopia, although theyare still nowherenear as
highasinEastandSoutheastAsia.
Acommoncutoffforhighmyopiais-5diopters(屈光度).Thismeansvisionisblurredbeyond20cmfrom
the eyes. Such severe or high myopia increases with age and can lead to visual impairment that can’t be
corrected. The prevalence of high myopia has now reached 20% in young adults in East and Southeast Asia,
which foreshadows major increases in visual _____36_____ and blindness as these young adults age. So
preventionofmyopiahasbecomecrucial,particularlyforEastandSoutheastAsia.
Australia has _____37_____ low levels of myopia with a lifestyle that emphasizes outdoors activities.
Young children report spending two to three hours a day outside, not _____38_____ time outdoors at school.
However,there are formidable barriers to achieving this benchmark in locations wherespendingtime outdoors
is seen as a(n) _____39_____ from study. Policy responses must therefore also aim to slow the progression of
myopia, the phenomenon in which mild to _____40_____ myopia becomes more severe during childhood.
There is currently controversy over whether time outdoors slows progression, but strong seasonal effects
progressionsuggestthatitmay.
III. ReadingComprehension
SectionA
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases markedA. B.C and
D.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext
We're told that writing is dying. Typing on keyboards and screens _____41_____ written communication
today. Learning cursive (草书), joined-up handwriting was once _____42_____ in schools. But now, not so
much. Countries such as Finland have dropped joined-up handwriting lessons in schools___43___ typing
courses.AndintheU.S.,therequirementtolearncursivehasbeenleftoutofcorestandardssince2013.Afew
U.S.statesstillplacevalueonformativecursiveeducation,suchasArizona,butthey'renotthe_____44_____.
Someexperts pointoutthatwritinglessonscanhaveindirect_____45_____.AnneTrubek,authorofThe
HistoryandUncertainFutureofHandwriting,arguesthatsuchlessonscanreinforceaskillcalledautomaticity.
That's when you've perfected a task, and can do it almost without thinking, _____46_____ you extra mental上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
bandwidth to think about or do other things while you're doing the task. In this sense, Trubek likens
handwritingto_____47_____.
“Once you have driven for a while, you don't _____48_____ think ‘Step on gas now’[or] ‘Turn the
steering wheel a bit’,” she explains. “You just do it. That's what we want children to _____49_____ when
learningto write.YouandI don't think ‘now make a loop going up for the ‘1’’— or‘nowlook for the letter ‘r'
on the keyboard’.” Trubek has written many essays and books on handwriting, and she doesn't believe it will
dieoutforaverylongtime,“ifever”.Butshebelievesstudentsarelearningautomaticityfasterwithkeyboards
than with handwriting: students are learning how to type without looking at the keys at _____50_____ ages,
and to type faster than they could write, granting them extra time to think about word choice or sentence
structure. In a piece penned (if you'll pardon the expression) for the NewYork Times last year,Trubek argued
thatduetotheimprovedautomaticityofkeyboards,today's childrenmaywellbecomebettercommunicatorsin
text as _____51_____ takes up less of their education. This is a(n) _____52_____ that has attracted both
criticismandsupport.
She explains that two of the most common arguments she hears from detractors regarding the decline of
handwritingisthatnot_____53_____itwillresultina"lossofhistory"anda“lossofpersonaltouch”.
Ontheformershe_____54_____that95%ofhandwrittenmanuscriptscan'tbereadbytheaverageperson
anyway —"that's why we have paleographers, " she explains, paleographybeing the studyof ancientstyles of
writing — while the latter refers to the warm _____55_____ we give to handwritten personal notes, such as
thank-youcards.Someeducatorsseemtoagree,atleasttoanextent.
41. A.abandons B.dominates C.enters D.absorbs
42. A.compulsory B.opposite C.crucial D.relevant
43. A.inwantof B.incaseof C.infavourof D.inadditionto
44. A.quantity B.minimum C.quality D.majority
45. A.responsibility B.benefits C.resources D.structure
46. A.granting B.getting C.bringing D.coming
47. A.sleeping B.driving C.reviewing D.operating
48. A.eventually B.constantly C.equivalently D.consciously
49. A.adopt B.reach C.acquire D.activate
50. A.slower B.later C.faster D.earlier上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
51. A.handwriting B.adding C.forming D.understanding
52. A.trust B.look C.view D.smile
53. A.containing B.spreading C.choosing D.protecting
54. A.commits B.counters C.completes D.composes
55. A.associations B.resources C.procedures D.interactions
SectionB
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best
accordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
(A)
All I had to do for the two dollars was clean her house for a few hours after school. It was a beautiful
house,too,withaplastic-coveredsofaandchairs,wall-to-wallblue-and-white carpeting,awhiteenamelstove,
awashingmachineandadryer—thingsthatwerecommoninherneighborhood,absentinmine.Inthemiddle
ofthewar,shehadbutter,sugar,steaks,andseam-up-the-backstockings.
I knew how to scrub floors on my knees and how to wash clothes in our zinc tub, but I had never seen a
Hoovervacuumcleaneroranironthatwasn'theatedbyfire.
Part of my pride in working for her was earning money I could squander (浪费) : on movies, candy,
paddleballs, jacks, ice-cream cones. But a larger part of my pride was based on the fact that I gave half my
wages to my mother, which meant that some of my earnings were used for real things — an insurance-policy
payment or what was owed to the milkman or the iceman. The pleasure of being necessary to my parents was
profound. I was not like the children in folktales: burdensome mouths to feed, nuisances to be corrected,
problemssosevere thattheywereabandonedtothe forest.Ihadastatusthatdoingroutinechoresinmy house
did not provide — and it earned me a slow smile, an approving nod from an adult. Confirmations that I was
adultlike,notchildlike.
Inthosedays,theforties,childrenwerenotjustlovedorliked;theywereneeded.Theycouldearnmoney;
they could care for children younger than themselves; they could work the farm, take care of the herd, run
errands(差事),andmuchmore.Isuspectthatchildrenaren'tneededinthatwaynow.Theyareloved,dotedon,
protected,andhelped.Fine,andyet...
Littlebylittle,Igotbetteratcleaningherhouse—goodenoughtobegivenmoretodo,muchmore.Iwas上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
ordered to carry bookcases upstairs and, once, to move a piano from one side of a room to the other. I fell
carrying the bookcases.And after pushing the piano my arms and legs hurt so badly. I wanted to refuse, or at
leastto complain,butIwas afraidshewouldfire me,andI wouldlosethe freedomthe dollargave me,aswell
as the standing I had at home — although both were slowly being eroded. She began to offer me her clothes,
for a price. Impressed by these worn things, which looked simply gorgeous to a little girl who had only two
dressestoweartoschool,Iboughtafew.UntilmymotheraskedmeifIreallywantedtoworkforcastoffs.SoI
learnedtosay"No,thankyou"toafadedsweaterofferedforaquarterofaweek'spay.
Still,Ihadtroublesummoning(鼓起)thecouragetodiscussorobjecttotheincreasingdemandsshemade.
And I knew that if I told my mother how unhappy I was she would tell me to quit. Then one day, alone in the
kitchenwithmyfather,Iletdropafewwhinesaboutthejob.Igavehimdetails,examplesofwhattroubledme,
yet although he listened intently, I saw no sympathy in his eyes. No "Oh, you poor little thing. " Perhaps he
understoodthatwhatIwantedwasasolutiontothejob,notanescapefromit.Inanycase,heputdownhiscup
ofcoffeeandsaid, “Listen.Youdon'tlivethere.Youlive here.Withyourpeople.Go towork.Getyour money.
Andcomeonhome."
Thatwaswhathesaid.ThiswaswhatIheard:
Whatevertheworkis,doitwell—notforthebossbutforyourself.
Youmakethejob;itdoesn'tmakeyou.
Yourreallifeiswithus,yourfamily.
Youarenottheworkyoudo;youarethepersonyouare.
I have worked for all sorts of people since then, geniuses and morons, quick-witted and dull, big-hearted
andnarrow.I'vehadmanykindsofjobs,butsincethatconversationwithmyfatherIhaveneverconsideredthe
level of labor to be the measure of myself, and I have never placed the security of a job above the value of
home.
56. Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorisdifferentfromotherchildren?
A.Sheneedstobesupportedlikeothers. B.Shemadeamistakeandneededtobecorrected.
C.Sheoftendoesdailychoresathome. D.She'stoochildishforcomparison.
57. Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingiscorrectaboutchildreninthe1940slikethe author?
A. Theyjustwanttobepopular,lovedandliked.
B.Theyonlytakegreatpainstoearnmoremoney.
C.Theycandoallkindsofdailywork,suchascaringforchildrenandsoon.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
D.Theyarenolongerneededexceptforbeingspoiledbyadults.
58. Whatdidtheauthor'sfathermakeherunderstand?
A. Don'tescapefromdifficultiesatwork.
B.Whateverdecisionshemade,herfatherwouldsupporther.
B. Conveyherdissatisfactionwithherwork.
D.Makeadistinctionbetweenworkandlife.
59. Whichofthefollowingcorrespondstotheauthor'sviewsonwork?
A.Don'tregardworkachievementasacriterionforevaluatingoneself.
B.Hardworkisastruggleforabetterfutureinyourlimitedlife.
C.Workistofollowthefootstepsoftheboss.
D.Worksafetyshouldbemoreimportantthanfamilyvalue.
(B)
Geographers are interested in the spatial patterns observed on earth. Bridging the natural and social
science,Geography is the disciplinary study of environments andhow people interact with the environment. It
is important to study geography because many of the world's problems require understanding the
interdependence between human activities and the environment. Geography is therefore a beneficial major for
students because its theories and methods provide them with analytical skills relevant to occupations focused
on solving social and environmental problems. The Department of Geography offers eight majors that help
studentstailortheirfocusofstudy.
The Geography—Globalization and Development major will provide students with a sophisticated
understanding of contemporary global issues and a geographical framework for analyzing key issues involved
in national and international development, especially as it relates to the global south. Reflecting the discipline
of geography as a whole, this major emphasizes an integrated approach to studying the relationship of global
change to individual and community well-being by combining the benefits of area studies with theoretical and
topicalinvestigationsinthecurriculum.
Ourdepartmentis committed toexcellencein bothteachingandadvising. Several ofourfacultymembers
have received teaching awards, and we are known across campus for the quality of our advising. As a
geography major, you will meet one-on-one with your faculty advisor every semester during advising week,
andyouare always welcome totalk with your advisoratanytimethroughoutthesemester wheneverquestions上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
may arise. In addition to advising our students about their academic programs, we provide timely information
about internships, nationally competitive awards, and other opportunities as they arise. Many of our students
complete internships and several of our students over the last few years have received nationally competitive
awards.
For more information about our program, please visit our website, or contact our Undergraduate Chair,
whoseinformationislistedabove.
AdmissionsInformation
Freshmen/First-YearAdmission
NorequirementsbeyondUniversityadmissionrequirements.
ChangeofProgramPolicy
Noselectiveorlimitedadmissionrequirements.
ExternalTransferAdmission
NorequirementsbeyondUniversityadmissionrequirements.
OpportunitiesUponGraduationstudents
With a liberal arts degree in Geography—Globalization and Development, students are prepared for
employment in a variety of fields, including non-profit and government work, particularly in the areas of
community and international development. This degree will also prepare students well to work in the private
sector in an international context. Graduates from this program will also be well situated to continue on to
graduate school or law school, with research and professional interest in academic fields, including, but not
limitedto,geography,publicaffairsandpolicy,developmentstudies,andcommunityandregionalplanning.
Browsethrough dozensofinternshipopportunities andfull-timejobpostings forOhioUniversitystudents
and alumni on Handshake, OHIO's key resource for researching jobs, employers, workshops, and professional
developmentevents.
60. Whocanbeselectedasthetargetofthegeographycourseinthepassage?
A. Afreshmanwhohasstudiedinauniversity.
B.Acollegestudentgraduatemajoringingeography.
C.Aseniorhighschoolgraduateinterestedingeography.
D.Ahighschoolgraduatewhowantstofindajob.
61. Whataretheadvantagesofchoosingthegeographymajorinthisuniversityintermsofemployment?上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
A.Acquiringskillstosolvesocialandenvironmentalproblems.
B.Understandingcontemporaryglobalissues.
C.Gettingone—on—oneinformationongeographyteaching.
D.Achievingmoreinternationalopportunities.
62. Whereisthemostlikelyplacetoreadthispassage?
A.Inamagazine. B.Ontheuniversitywebsite.
C.Inageographicjournal. D.Ontheenrollmentinformationnetwork.
(C)
Artificial light is often seen as a sign of progress: the march of civilization shines a light in the dark; it
takes back the night; it illuminates. But a chorus of scientists and advocates argues that unnaturally bright
nightsarebadnotjustforastronomersbutalsofornocturnal(夜间活动的)animalsandevenforhumanhealth.
Now research shows the night is getting even brighter. From 2012 to 2016 the earth’s artificially lit area
expanded by an estimated 2.2 percent a year (map), according to a study published last November in Science
Advances. Even that increase may understate the problem, however. The measurement excludes light from
mostoftheenergy-efficientLEDlampsthathavebeenreplacingsodium-vaportechnologyincitiesalloverthe
world, says lead study author Christopher Kyba, a postdoctoral researcher at the German Research Center for
GeosciencesinPotsdam.
The new data came from a NASA satellite instrument called the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer
Suite (VIIRS). It can measure long --- wavelengths of light, such as those produced by traditional
yellow-and-orange sodium-vapor street lamps. But VIIRS cannot see the short - wavelength blue light
produced by white LEDs. This light has been shown to disrupt human sleep cycles and nocturnal animals’
behavior.
Credit:MappingSpecialists;Source:“ArtificiallyLitSurfaceofEarthatNightIncreasinginRadianceand
Extent,” by Christopher C. M. Kyba et al., in Science Advances, Vol. 3 , No. 11, Article No. E1701528;
November22,2017.
The team believes the ongoing switch to LEDs caused already bright countries such as Italy, the
Netherlands, Spain and the U. S. to register as having stable levels of illumination in the VIERS data. In
contrast, most nations in South America, Africa and Asia brightened, suggesting increases in the use of
traditionallighting.Australiaactuallyappearedtoloselitarea—buttheresearcherssaythatisbecausewildfires上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
skewedthedata.
“ThefactthatVIIRSfindsanincrease(inmanycountries),despiteitsblindnessinthepartofthespectrum
that increased more, is very sad,” says FabioFalchi, a researcher at Italy’s Light Pollution Science and
Technology Institute, who did not participate in the study. In 2016 Falchi, along with Kyba and several other
membersofhisresearchteam,publishedaglobalatlasofartificiallightingthatshowedonethirdoftheworld’s
populationcurrentlylivesunderskiestoobrighttoseetheMilkyWayatnight.
The data also cast doubt on the idea that the LED lighting revolution will lead to energy cost savings.
Between 2012 and 2016 the median nation pumped out 15 percent more long-wavelength light as its GDP
increasedby13percent.Andoverall,countries’totallightproductioncorrelatedwiththeirGDP.Inotherwords,
Kybasays,“webuyasmuchlightaswearewillingtospendmoneyon.”
63. Whichisnottrueaboutthespreadoflitareas?
A.Litareaexpandedbyanestimated2.2percentayear.
B.Artificiallightisoftenseenasasignofprogress.
C.TheincreaseinGDPisduetotheincreaseinlight.
D.Itisbadfornocturnalanimalsandevenforhumanhealth.
64. WhatisthefunctionofVIIRSaccordingtothearticle?
A.ItcantakingpicturesoftheEarthtosolveproblems.
B.Itcanrecordandanalyselongwavelengthsoflight.
C.ItisaNASAsatellitearoundtheearth.
D.Itcanfindthelightthatisbadforhumansleepcycles.
65. Accordingtothearticle,whatwecanknowabouttheLEDs?
A.UnnaturallyLEDlightsarebadforpeople.
B.Itisasignofcivilizationinmodernsociety.
C.VIIRScanseethelightproducedbywhiteLEDs.
D.ArtificiallylitsurfaceofEarthincreasingbecauseofLEDs.
66. Theauthorwritesthisarticleto__________.
A.showthenightisgettingevenbrighter
B.tellpeoplethatVIIRSmeasurelongwavelengthsoflight
C.complainthattheMilkyWayisnotvisibleatnight
D.attempttoarousepeople’sawarenessoflightpollution上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
SectionC
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used
once.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.
A.Imeansthatdifferentteamisaccessibletoyou.
B.Belongingtoyourfavoriteteamstimulatesyourconfidence.
C.Thatidentityisfirstandforemost.
D.Themorewefollowateam,thedeeperthebondbecomes.
E.In that sense, your favorite team can serve the same purpose as church and family: Fostering a sense of
belonging.
F.Thisreferstotheinclinationbyfanstodistancethemselvesfromtheirteamafteradefeat.
“OurresearchhasshownthattheNo.1reasonpeoplebecomefansisthatit’syourconnectiontoyourfirst
community,” said Adam Earnhardt, chairman of the communications department at Youngstown State
University and co-author of “Sports Fans, Identity and Socialization: Exploring the Fandemonium.” “I don’t
careif a Seattle fan moves to China, he or she carries with them their love for the sports teams,” he said. “___
(67)___”
___ (68) ___And when a team begins to catch fire, as with, say, the Mariners in ’95 or the Seahawks of
recentvintage,well,it’seasytogetsweptupinthewave.
“It’s phenomenal,” said Simons. “Wehave this ability to understand other people so remarkably that their
victoriesliterallybecomeours.Ourtestosterone(睾酮)literallyrespondstotheirvictory.___(69)___They’re
us,andcompetingonaliterallevelasus—alittleextensionofus.”
ProfessorRobertCialdiniatArizonaStateUniversitycameupwiththetermBIRG—BaskingInReflected
Glory—to describe the intense pride fans feel when their teams succeed. It can be used as averb, as in,
“Seahawks’fans are currently BIRGing up a storm.” The counterpoint, as coined by researches C. R. Snyder,
MarAnne Lassergard and Carol E. Ford, is the concept of CORFing—Cutting Off Reflected Failure. ___ (70)
___We’veallhearditinaction:Wewon,buttheylost.
Thisleadsintoanotherconcept,thatofcognitivebias,alsoknownasconfirmationbias,whichcausesfans
to help explain away defeats by blaming outside factors, such as referees. I’m sure it would also help explain上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
why Seahawks fans rallied around Richard Sherman after his postgame interview, rationalizing behavior that
was widely criticized by many fans with no vested interest. I could also explain the notion of “eustress”,
invented by endocrinologist Hans Selye to refer to a combination of euphoria (极度愉快的心情) and stress,
suchasthatresultingfromwatchingtensesportingevents.Indeed,it’smuchoftheappeal.
IV.SummaryWriting
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no
morethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.
It's undeniable: Being among the first to try outa new piece of technology is cool.There's the excitement
ofdoingwhathasneverbeendonebefore—thefeelingthatyou'relivinginthefuture.Andwhenyou'rethesole
member of your social circle with the latest hot gadget, people stare in fascination. They ask you questions.
They see you as the holder of powerful, secret knowledge—for a little while, until the next big thing comes
along.Peopletendtounderestimatethecostsofthistemporarycoolness,whichtheypayinmorewaysthanone.
Don't fall into the early adopter trap. Don't join the first wave of consumers who invest in the latest
media-hypedhardware;instead,waitandsee.
To put it frankly, early adoption is a bad investment. First, the earliest versions of devices are not only
expensive, they are also the most expensive that those devices will ever be. Companies are presumably
attemptingtorecoverthecostofproductionasfastastheycan,andtheyknowthatthereareserioustech-lovers
whowillpayagreatdealtobefirst.Oncetherevenuesfromearlyadopters'purchasesaresafelyintheirhands,
they can cut the price and shift to the next marketing phase: selling the product to everyone else. This is why
the cost of the original iPhone dropped about U. S. $200 only eight months after its release. Plus, electronics
hardly ever become more expensive because intense competition in the industry puts downward pressure on
prices over time. Prices of gadgets will fall shortly after release, and they will likely keep falling. Many new
TV models drop significantly in price as little as ten days after hitting the market. Further, electronics rapidly
depreciate because they become obsolete (废弃的) so quickly. This means that early adopters pay the
maximumpriceforanitemthatdoesnotholdontoitsvalue.Theresalepriceofacellphoneorlaptopcandrop
byfiftypercentwithinjustafewmonths.
Speaking ofbecomingobsolete,thosewhoare firsttoleapinto anew technology riskwasting moneyand
time on something that will never catch on.Another good reason to resist the early-adoption temptation is that
the first version of a product typically has defects that cost a lot in time and frustration. Such problems are so上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
common with new technology that early adopters are basically unpaid beta testers and troubleshooters. Unless
this sounds to you like a fun way to spend your time, don’t be among the first users. If you wait to learn what
the problems are with a new electronic gadget, you can look forward to a smoother experience—or choose a
lesstroublesomeproduct.
71._______________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
__
V.Translation(共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets
72.爷爷有点耳背，对他耐心一点。(patient)
73.和学生时代的他相比，那名士兵简直判若两人。(How)
74.随着体力逐渐恢复正常，那名业余自行车手的夺冠之梦不再遥不可及。(normal)
75.值得一提的是，在王老师影响下，她的同事们更关注孩子们的努力，而不是他们的成绩。(as…as…)
VI.GuidedWriting (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
Chinese
假如你是李敏，在一本英文旅游杂志上，你发现了这样一条信息：某古城景区对当地人收费5美元，对
外国人收费15美元，针对这一情况，请你以李敏的口吻给该杂志编辑写一封信，具体要求如下：
1. 介绍一下你在杂志上看到的内容；
2. 针对此事自己的态度以及理由。
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
