绝密★启用前
2024年高考考前信息必刷卷（上海卷）04
英 语
（考试时间：105分钟 试卷满分：115分）
考情速递
高考·新动向：语法和词汇：如考查动词时态（“has become”）、定语从句（“which” 引导）等；选词填
空，根据语境选择合适词汇，像描述季节对身体影响时选 “searches”“adoptable” 等词。阅读理解：A 节
完形填空围绕网站优化话题，考查词汇辨析与语境理解；B 节阅读材料题材多样，如通过爬树经历阐述整
体与部分关系、介绍 MBTI 人格测试、探讨 AI 交友利弊等，考查细节理解、推理判断等能力；C 节选
句填空，根据文章逻辑选择合适句子，如关于极端高温经济影响的文章选句。注重实际应用，如语法词汇
在特定文化（油炸面包）、生活（季节健康影响）情境中考查；题目呈现结合图表、数据，如 Google 趋
势数据体现季节情感障碍搜索量变化。
高考·新考法：跨学科融合，地质学文章涉及地理、化学知识；对常规考点创新，如阅读理解考查对新研究
结论（儿童对生命价值判断）的理解。
高考·新情境：内容新颖，有未来 AI 交友、利用自然材料照明等话题；贴近生活，如网站优化、社区活动
方案等情境。
命题·大预测未来高考会更注重实际应用能力，题目将更贴近生活和科技前沿，如阅读理解可能会涉及人
工智能、环境保护等热点话题。学生要加强基础知识积累，如词汇、语法；提升阅读理解和逻辑分析能力，
多阅读不同类型文章；关注时事热点，拓宽知识面，积累相关词汇和表达，如科技、环保领域的词汇。
II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Frybread
In one version of his 1996 song “Frybread”, rock artist Keith Secola sang: “You can’t do much with sugar,
flour, lard and salt. But you can add one fundamental ingredient: love.” Since its creation in the 1800s, the subjectof Secola’s song, frybread, 1 (become) a culturally significant comfort food within local communities
across Canada and America.
The taste, colour and size of these fried dough (生面团) discs differ across the continent, with each family
and community adding their own touch. One online comment says, “Your mom’s or your aunt’s frybread 2
never be made by anyone else in the world.” 3 the variety, most versions have a few things in common. The
basic ingredients are flour, baking powder or soda, and salt, 4 are mixed together into a dough ball using
water, milk or buttermilk. After letting it rise, the ball 5 (divide) into pieces, rolled into discs and then fried
until bubbly, golden and crispy.
Even though widely loved, there is no denying that the treat is heavily loaded with calories — one piece of
500 calories and 20 grams of fat. Besides, it is also a painful symbol of survival. One origin story says the bread
was first made by the Diné. In 1864, the Diné were forced to leave their traditional homeland in eastern Arizona
and western New Mexico and walk the nearly 500-kilometre journey, 6 (know) as the Long Walk.
Hundreds of them died of starvation along the way. 7 among the cheap ingredients, was given to them by
the U.S. government as daily rations was wheat flour previously unknown to them. As the legend goes, the Diné
fried the often spoiled flour to kill off parasites (寄生虫).
Today, a food-valuing movement, 8 (aim) to bring back traditional diets, is booming. However, the
diets don’t include frybread. “There is no oral tradition 9 (teach) about frybread,” wrote Devon A．
Mihesuah, a historian as well as a professor at the University of Kansas.
10 ________ ________ the future holds for frybread, it will always stand as proof to the
adaptability of those native communities. As an enduring food, frybread has demonstrated its lasting significance.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．adoptable B．searches C． drops D．Excess E. swelling F. irritated
G. complications H. sensitivity I. rapidly J. Transitioning K. gradually
Historical Google Trend data from the previous 5 years shows that 11 for ‘seasonal affective disorder’ spike
from the end of October to mid-January. Here, Specs-cart reveals the impact the colder months has on the skin,
mind and body and 12 ways to safeguard your health. Eye
During the winter season, various eye issues can arise due to harsh weather conditions. 13 tearing andwatery eyes, often caused by cold air and city winds can lead to eye redness and inflammation. This can often be
due to dry eyes from the combination of entering exiting the cold weather and rooms that have been heated with
central heating.
Using eye 14 can be effective to help restore normal vision. Wearing sunglasses provides protection against
UV rays and helps reduce 15 and can also reduce the impact of strong winds hitting your eyes. If your eyes
are red and inflamed (发炎的), applying a cold compress over the eyes can alleviate discomfort and reduce any
16 from entering and exiting different temperatures. Skin
As the seasons shift, the cold air brings noticeable effects on our skin, often manifesting first in dry, chapped
lips and 17 , cracked skin on exposed areas like hands and fingers. This is due to the low humidity and dry air
typically associated with winter weather. Even indoors, heating systems tend to produce equally dry, hot air.
Having hot showers, while comforting, can make skin dryness and itchiness worse. 18 from the cold
outdoors to warm indoor environments can lead to skin redness and inflammation, as blood vessels 19 adapt
to the temperature change for your skin in these dry conditions.
To combat the effects, consider incorporating exfoliators (去角质) into your daily skincare routine to eliminate
dead skin, and opt for richer creams or facial oils to provide an extra layer of protection. Don’t forget to use a
suncream daily, even in poor weather conditions as the sun’s UV rays still penetrate cloud cover.
If symptoms persist, consult an optometrist as they can help prevent serious 20 or vision loss if you are
severely affected by the colder weather.
III.Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
A driving goal for most websites is for that site to be easily found by people looking for the products or
services. One of the ways people may find these sites is via a search engine. With this in mind, companies
obviously want their websites to 21 search engines as well.
First of all, website content should be unique and timely. Only quality content ensures that customers will
22 your website and also recommend it to friends via links or through social channels. This act of sharing not
only gives your site more chances of public 23 but it also helps to push up your search engine rankings,
which extends huge psychological implication to other engine users as people tend to 24 .
Now famous search engines such as Google use mobile friendliness as a ranking signal in their rankingalgorithm (算法). Therefore, if your site is not 25 for mobile devices, you are offering a less than ideal
experience to some users and as a result search engines will take the 26 into account.
Another key ranking signal that Google and other search engines 27 heavily is page speed and
overall site performance. If your site is loaded with too many high- resolution images and videos or other elements,
much viewing time will be caused. These will make sluggish, slow loading that frustrate and often drive away
visitors. It’s time to 28 the page size as all the visitors appreciate faster download. Some are even willing
to 29 better visual experiences for high viewing speed. As user preference stands on top of any search
engine’s list of priority, search engines will look very 30 upon the speed improvements of the websites.
In addition, for a hot website, appropriate update frequency is also vital. Although the content is current and
up to date when it is first launched, it will soon lose its 31 with the explosion of other various online
resources. If the content on your websites has appeared on other sites before, your website is sooner or later to be
deserted because of humans’ nature of having a low 32 threshold (门槛). In turn, your website’s search
33 will drop drastically.
Finally, don’t look down on customer experience. Too often people ignore the benefits of creating a viewing
experience that is enjoyable. When assessing your website’s user friendliness, understand that 34 of use
comes first, but do not discount the benefits of adding a bit of 35 into that experience as well.
21．A．remind of B．agree with C．appeal to D．connect with
22．A．browse B．establish C．adjust D．evaluate
23．A．specialization B．comment C．exposure D．strengthening
24．A．calm down B．follow suit C．watch out D．make progress
25．A．applicable B．superior C．temperate D．realistic
26．A．emergency B．obligation C．guidance D．disadvantage
27．A．represent B．reserve C．weigh D．revise
28．A．decorate B．undertake C．acknowledge D．reduce
29．A．trade B．eliminate C．enjoy D．prepare
30．A．necessarily B．intelligently C．favourably D．fortunately
31．A．sense B．freshness C．wisdom D．feature
32．A．boredom B．access C．value D．identity
33．A．vision B．decision C．ranking D．settlement
34．A．recovery B．direction C．opportunity D．ease
35．A．humour B．delight C．satisfaction D．sympathySection B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according
to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
When I was little, my dad would let me sit beside him while he painted. He would tell me how the cow by
itself is just a cow, and the grassland by itself is just grass and flowers, and the sunlight going through the trees is
just a beam of light, but put them all together and you’ve got magic.
I understood what he was saying, but I’ve never felt what he was saying until one day when I was up in the
sycamore tree(梧桐树) to rescue a kite stuck in the branches.
It was a long way up, but I thought I’d give it a try. I started climbing. Then I looked down. And suddenly I
got dizzy and weak. But the kite was still beyond my reach. I caught my breath and forced myself to concentrate on
the kite as I climbed up.
When I had the kite free, I needed a minute to rest. That’s when the fear began to disappear, and in its place
came the most amazing feeling that I was flying, sailing among the clouds.
Then I began to notice how wonderful the light wind smelled. I couldn’t stop breathing it in, filling my lungs
with the sweetest smell I’d ever known.
I never got over the view. I kept thinking of what it felt like to be up so high in that tree. I wanted to see it, to
feel it, again. And again!
It wasn’t long before I wasn’t afraid of being up so high and found the same spot. I could sit there for hours,
just looking out at the world. Sunsets were amazing: Some days they’d be purple and pink; some days they’d be
bright orange, setting fire to clouds across the horizon.
The view from my sycamore was more than clouds and wind and colors combined. Eventually, my father’s
belief moved from my head to my heart. I started marveling(惊奇) at how that was possible. How could I be so full
of peace and full of wonder?
It was magic.
36．Why did the author climb up the sycamore tree?
A．To play in the tree. B．To practice climbing skills.
C．To prove her courage. D．To get a trapped kite.
37．Which of the following best describes the author’s climbing experience?A．Unusual but painful. B．Competitive and imaginative.
C．Adventurous but rewarding. D．Well-planned and interesting.
38．What message does the author want to convey in the text?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．All roads lead to Rome.
C．Positive action leads to happiness.
D．The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
39．What can be the best title for the text?
A．The Last Memory B．Up in the Sycamore Tree
C．Father’s Best Suggestion D．Clouds Across the Horizon
(B)
(You may read the questions first)
Have you ever heard someone describe themselves an INTJ or an ESTP and wondered what those
mysterious-sounding letters could mean? What these people are referring to is their personality type based on the
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI).
The Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator is a self-report inventory designed to identify a person’s
personality type, strengths, and preferences. The questionnaire was developed by Isabel Myers and her mother
Katherine Briggs based on their work with Carl Jung’s theory of personality types. Today, the MBTI inventory is
one of the most widely used psychological instruments in the world.
Based on the answers to the questions, people are identified as having one of 16 personality types. No one
personality type is “best” or “better” than another. It isn’t a tool designed to look for dysfunction (机能障碍) or
abnormality. Instead, its goal is to allow people to further explore and understand their own personalities including
their strengths, weaknesses, possible career preferences, and compatibility with other people. The questionnaire
itself is made up of four different scales.
1. Are you outwardly or inwardly focused? Extroversion/Introversion
Extroverts are energized by people, enjoy a variety of masks, a quick pace, and good at multitasking while
introverts often like working alone or in small groups, prefer a more deliberate pace, and like to focus on one task
at a time.
2. How do you prefer to take in information? Sensing/Intuition
Sensors are realistic people who like to focus on the facts and details, and apply common sense and pastexperience to figure out practical solutions to problems while intuitives prefer to focus on possibilities and the big
picture, easily see patterns and seek creative solutions to problem.
3. How do you prefer to make decision? Thinking/Feeling
Thinkers tend to make decisions using logical analysis, objectively weigh pros and cons, and value honesty,
consistency, and fairness while feelers tend to be sensitive and cooperative, and decide based on their own personal
values and how others will be affected by their actions.
4. How do you prefer to live your outer life? Judging/Perceiving
Judgers tend to be organized prepared, like to make and stick to plans, and are comfortable following most
rules while perceivers prefer to keep their options open, like to be able to act spontaneously, and like to be flexible
with making plans.
40．The purpose of MBTI is to help people ________.
A．better understand their unique features B．find a topic to socialize with others
C．easily put themselves in a fixed categoryD．self-diagnose mental health issues
41．According to the passage, we can infer that ________.
A．Carl Jung is the co-founder of MBTI testB．MBTI can be used in career planning
C．Some personality types are better than others D．introverts may feel boosted at a party
42．Suppose Eric is an ISFP, his ideal occupation might be a(n) ________.
A．entrepreneur B．accountant C．programmer D．writer
(C)
In the near future there will be AI systems attempting to befriend you. AI friends offer many benefits.
They’re available any time and they never get bored. But, as convenient as an AI friend might be, it’s a friend with
more costs than benefits.
One reason to be suspicious of AI companions is that you don’t know their motives. They may be
programmed to sell products or sow conflict. And, while most of us would feel significant guilt if we hurt or
betrayed another, a machine, having no mind, has no such guilty feeling. Machines are also becoming more
persuasive than most humans. A recent study showed that pro-vaccine (支持疫苗接种的) arguments produced by
ChatGPT were more effective than those used by government agencies — an ability that could be easily redirected
to advance more immoral positions. Similarly, all aspects of artificial friend-bots can be polished based on the
effectiveness of their interactions with various users.
But what about AI friends that are created as genuine companions, not secret salesmen or undercoverdisruptors? Could they be a solution to our crisis of loneliness? Friendship is good for you: research has shown that
people with an active and engaging social life live longer and are healthier and happier. Might artificial friends be
the helpful supplements when the lively circle of great friends is unavailable?
Here the concern centres on the mind — or lack of mind — of the other. Think about the everyday
experience of seeing something that would amuse a friend and making a mental note to tell them about it. Why do
you do that? Maybe they’re feeling down and you want to cheer them up. Or, perhaps you hope to impress them
with your eye for the beautiful. In any case, your concern is with their inner experience, with how they feel or what
they think of you. If something has no mind — no inner experience, just the capacity to imitate those who can think
and feel — can it really be considered a friend?
Society is bound by our caring about what others feel. Empathy (同感) is part of this: we can feel the joy, or
sadness, that someone we care about experiences. It’s also important that we care what others think of us. Emotions
are also essential to keeping our society working — we ‘do the right thing’ and cooperate, because we care how
others perceive us. And having others think highly of us, or simply enjoy our company and care about our
friendship, can be tremendously uplifting. The key is that these others must be conscious beings, instead of an
artificial entity which doesn’t actually feel anything.
Does this mean you should avoid interacting with AIs? Not necessarily. Properly designed, they can help
people practise social skills and provide insightful feedback. But, even as we increasingly interact with ever more
sophisticated AIs, we need to embrace the complications of truly two-way relationships and to care about, and be
responsive to, the experience of living, conscious friends.
43．Why is the writer concerned about the prospect of AI befriending humans?
A．AI friends are too costly to produce. B．AI will replace human beings.
C．AI is ignorant of people’s motives. D．AI can behave immorally.
44．The underlined phrase “undercover disruptors” in paragraph 3 probably means ______.
A．cheats pretending to care about you B．people who spread disorder
C．relief of our crisis of loneliness D．supplements to social life
45．The writer probably agrees that ______.
A．we cannot manage without contact with human friends
B．both AI and humans care about others’ inner experience
C．empathy links AI friends with human friends emotionally
D．it is advisable for us to stop interaction with AIs completely
46．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A．Is Artificial Intelligence out of control? B．What Is the Nature of Real Friendship?
C．Could We Build Relationships with AI? D．How does AI Befriend Human Beings?
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each
sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A．Officials shut the site for several hours during the hottest parts of the day, after holidaymakers queuing to enter
required medical attention.
B．High temperatures go hand in hand with low productivity.
C．But the economic impact of what experts warn could be a new era of record-breaking heat goes, far beyond
tourism.
D．But those working inside factories and workshops without air conditioning are also at increasing risk as intense
heatwaves become more frequent.
E．The impact of extreme heat on workers has become an issue of human rights.
F．A study published by academics at Dartmouth last year found that heatwaves, brought on by human-caused
climate change, cost the global economy an estimated $16 trillion over a 21-year period from the 1990s.
The economic cost of extreme heat
As temperature reached 40℃ across southern Europe this month, Greece’s top tourist attraction briefly fell
victim to extreme heat. The Cerberus heatwave — named after the three-headed dog who guarded the gates to hell
in Greek mythology — has shone a spotlight on just how vulnerable the Mediterranean’s huge tourism industry is
to the heatwaves that are becoming increasingly common in Europe.
47 . Industries ranging from construction, to manufacturing, agriculture, transport and insurance are
all preparing for changes to the way they do business as high-temperature days become more routine because of
climate change.
Scientists are clear that extreme weather events, including heatwaves, will become more frequent and intense
with a degree of warming. Business leaders and policymaker are now counting the cost of shuttered companies and
decreased productivity. 48 .
Extreme heat is “pulling down our growth,” says Kathy Baughman McLeod, director of the Rockefeller
Foundation Resilience Center, “the runways are buckling (变形), metros are closing, restaurants have to shut down
because the kitchen staff are too hot.”
“Extreme heat is one of the very serious consequences of climate change,” says Dan Jorgensen, Denmark’s
climate minister. “The very tragic news is that this is probably only going to get worse.”
One of the main reasons that extreme heat poses an economic threat is because it makes it harder to work.
49 . In hot conditions, human beings typically “work slower, we take on more risk, our cognitive functiondecreases”, says Laura Kent of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.
A study by the International Labour Organization (LO), the UN agency for workers, projected that by 2030,
the equivalent of more than 2% of total working hours worldwide would be lost every year, either because it is too
hot to work or because workers have to work at a slower pace.
Yet few countries have a maximum temperature at which work must stop. In the UK, for example, where
extreme heat has not historically been a problem, there is only a recommend threshold for stopping work in cold,
not hot, temperatures.
Outdoor workers — especially those in agriculture or construction — are particularly at risk of death,
injuries, sickness and reduced productivity because of heat exposure, according to the ILO. 50 . Many
such facilities are situated in the global south, where peak temperatures are even more extreme and dangerous.
IV. Summary Writing (10分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more
than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Light the Cities of the Future
The previously unlit cycle path in the Netherlands has recently drawn our attention. It has been resurfaced
with a material that consists of shining stones in order to create a well-lit route. The Van Gogh path, so called after
the artist who lived in the town of Nuenen in 1883, combines the traditional with the contemporary in a gesture that
acknowledge Van Gogh’s masterpiece. The Starry Night, but also shows the way ahead for city lighting. The Van
Gogh path is not a single case: it’s not difficult to foresee a time when natural materials could help light the cities of
the future.
Why should we care about city lighting? What’s wrong with current electrical lighting anyway? Well, the
problem that it causes is two-fold. First, of course, electricity in most cities come from non-renewable resources.
According to the International Energy Agency, almost 20% of global electricity is consumed for lighting, which is
responsible for high levels of car emissions. But there’s also the belief that electric light itself is a form of pollution
by destroying our view of night sky.
For the above reasons, then, it seems wise to investigate other approaches. The city of Glasgow, is attempting
to use intellect street lighting, to monitor how citizen interact with the urban landscape and minimize electricity
consumption and thus emissions. This “Smart City” approach is seen by many as the way of the future, but some
designers are not convinced.
They’re pioneering the altogether more original approach of using materials from the natural world in orderto replace electric light entirely. They believe that this new “technology” can one day completely replace
microchips and digital systems as we find better ways of making use of the light-producing machines that already
exist in the natural world.
51.__________________________________________________________________________________________
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V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52．那座村庄物资匮乏因为它不通车。(inaccessible)
53．这幢大厦建成已有半个多世纪，一直是上海的城市地标。(serve)
54．对油画感兴趣的人们能够在网上得到美术馆的免费票。（available）
55．这家餐馆顾客至上，菜肴出众，人气攀升，值得学习。(where)
VI. Guided Writing （25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
56. 假如你是明启中学的学生李明，你校准备以班级为单位，在校园周边老年社区开展“爱满社区”的社
会实践活动，并在校园网公布了如下方案，征求师生意见。写一封邮件给活动组织者，内容须包括：
1）你认为方案中需要改进的地方；
2）你的修改建议及理由。
活动方案
时间 重阳节（农历九月初九）周五
时长 半天
地点 社区图书馆●组织老年人打太极
活动内容 ●组织老年人做剪纸
●学生才艺表演展示
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