ARTICLE · 1253878
小学英语语法体系 · 语法归纳 08——连词篇

连 词
20 个常见连词 · 一个方框一个用法
— · —
单词认识一堆,句子连不起来?缺的是连词。它是句与句之间的"桥",量少但考试必考——尤其 and/or、if/whether、although 不搭 but 这几个坑,一篇全说清。
第一节|定义与常见连词
一、定义
连词是连接单词、短语或句子的一种词。(连词不能独立担当任何句子成分,而只起连接作用。)
二、常见连词
andboth...andnot only...but alsoneither...nororeither...orbutforsowhenwhileasafterbeforeas soon asifalthough/thoughbecauseuntilnot...untilso…thatso that
【注意】1. 在并列结构中,or 通常用于否定句,and 用于肯定句。如:I don't like coffee or tea. 我既不喜欢喝咖啡也不喜欢喝茶。I like coffee and tea. 我喜欢喝咖啡和茶。2. 双重否定也要用 and。如:We can't live without air and water.
第二节|并列与选择
and(和)— 表并列和对称
I like basketball, football and table tennis.
or(或者,还是)— 表示选择
Do you come to school by bike or by bus?
or(否则)— 表示转折
Hurry up, or you will be late.
both...and...(两者都......)— 加强和明确 and 的连接作用
Both Tom and Jimmy are interested in computer.
not only...but (also)... / not only…but…as well(不但......而且)— 表示并列
Not only you but also Jenny often comes late.
neither...nor...(既不......也不......)— 表示并列
Neither you nor I am right. = Neither I nor you are right.
either...or...(或者......或者......)— 表示选择
Either you or I am right. = Either I or you are right.
第三节|转折与因果
but(但是)— 表示转折
The skirt is nice, but it's too expensive.
so(因此,所以)— 表示原因
My mother is waiting for me, so I must be off now.
第四节|时间连词
when(当......的时候)— 表示时间
Please come and play with me when you are free.
while(当......的时候)— 表示时间,其后的时间状语一般为进行时态,也可以连接两个同时进行的动作。
While I was eating breakfast, the telephone rang.
as(当......的时候)— 表示时间,侧重于"一边…….一边……."
As Mary walked, she sang songs.
after(在......之后)— 表示事情发生的先后顺序
I will invite all of you to dinner after my new house is completed.
before(在......之前)— 与 after 构成反义词
You must clean the room before you leave.
as soon as(一......就......)— 表示时间,符合主将从现原则。
You should go home as soon as it stops raining.
until(直到)— 通常用于 not…until 的句型中,表"直到…….才……."
I didn't go to bed until eleven o'clock last night.
第五节|条件与让步
if(如果......)— 表示条件,符合主将从现原则。
If she comes back, I will tell you.
If you have any question, please let me know.(主将从祈)
If you have enough time, you can look after our little brother.(主将从情)
if(是否)= whether— 常用于宾语从句中,表询问。
I want to know if she will come back.
although / though(尽管/虽然......)— 表示让步。在中文里我们常常说"虽然......但是......",而在英文里,although/though 和 but 不能用在同一个句子中,要单独使用。
Although he has never been to America, he has some American friends.
第六节|原因与结果
because(因为......)— 表示原因,用于回答 why 的提问。
They were sad because they lost their football match.
for(因为)— 表示原因,用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释。
They must be at home now, for it's raining.
since(既然)— 表示原因,指双方已知晓,无须加以说明的原因或事实。
Since everyone is here, let's start.
在中文里我们常常说"因为......所以......",而在英语里 because 和 so 都表示原因,不能够用在同一个句子中,要单独使用。
so…that(如此……以至于……)— 表示结果。
= such a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + thatsuch + adj. + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 + that
My sister is so young that she can't go to school now.
= My sister is such a young girl that she can't go to school now.
so that(结果是…….)— 表示结果。
It was raining heavily, so that we stayed at home all the morning.
连词三不 · 最爱考① although/though 与 but 不能同句(中文"虽然…但是…",英文二选一)② because 与 so 不能同句(中文"因为…所以…",英文二选一)③ 并列结构中 or 用于否定句、and 用于肯定句;双重否定也用 and
连词 · 通关自查① and 表并列/or 表选择,or 还有"否则"的转折用法② both...and / not only...but also / neither...nor / either...or 四组连词对③ when / while / as 都表"当……的时候",while 后常接进行时④ as soon as / if 从句——主将从现⑤ not...until 表"直到……才……"⑥ if 还能表"是否",用于宾语从句⑦ so…that 可换成 such…that:such a/an + adj. + 单数名词 + that⑧ 三不口诀:although 不搭 but,because 不搭 so,否定并列用 or
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