文档内容
绵阳市高中 2023 级第一次诊断性考试
数学参考答案及评分标准
一、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.
1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.C
二、选择题:本大题共3小题,每小题6分,共18分.全部选对的得6分,选对但不
全的得部分分,有选错的得0分.
9.ACD 10.AC 11.ABD
三、填空题:本题共3个小题,每小题5分,共15分.
12. ; 13.2; 14.
四、解答题:本题共5小题,第15题13分,第16、17小题15分,第18、19小题17
分,共77分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.
15.解:(1)∵ ,则 ,·······························2分
又 ,∴ ,·································································4分
;·······································································6分
∴
,
(2)由题知:
,············································7分
∴
,
∴
,···························9分
∴
数学参考答案及评分标准 第1页,共5页的单调递增区间为 ,···················11分
∵
∴
, ·············································10分
∴ , ······················································12分
函数 的单调递增区间为 .···················13分
∴
16.解:(1)∵ 为R上的奇函数,
∴必有 ,则 ,·························································2分
,同理由 ,∴ ,故 ,
∴
,对任意实数x,都满足 ,····················4分
此时,
∴ 为R上的奇函数,
;················································································6分
∴
(2)思路一:∵当 时, ,
,解得: ,·······································9分
∴
,
∴
在 上单调递增,······················································12分
易知
当 时, ,········································14分
∴
∴实数a的取值范围 .·····························································15分
: ∵ 当 时 , , 且 , 即 对 任 意 , 都 有
思 路 二
数学参考答案及评分标准 第2页,共5页恒成立,即 ,················································7分
∴
或 对任意的 恒成立 , ·······················8分
∴ 或 对任意的 恒成立,·················10分
令 ,易知 在 单调递增,························11分
,···························································12分
故
∴
,··················································································13分
令 ,易知 在 无最大值,故不满足 恒成
立,
···································································································14分
综上:
.············································································15分
17.解:(1)设公差为d,则由题意可得: ,···········3分
解得: , ,所以: ;·································6分
(2)不能构成等比数列,··································································7分
其理由如下:在数列{a}中任取三项分别为: ,
n
, ,··················································9分
若 成等比数列,则 ,
即: ,····························10分
整理得: ,······························11分
数学参考答案及评分标准 第3页,共5页因为m,n,t为正整数,所以: ··················12分
化简整理得: ,所以 与题意矛盾,··························14分
所以,在数列{a}中取三个不同的项,均不能构成等比数列.··················15分
n
18.解:(1) ,
可知有一个零点一定是0,且对于方程: , ,且0一定不
是方程 的根,
∴ 有3个相异零点;···································································3分
(2) ,其中 ,
故 是方程 的两根,················································4分
由韦达定理可得: ,故 ,······5分
,···············7分
带入得: ,解得:a=1;······9分
另解:由 , ,
令 =0,解得: ,
又 ,故函数 图像关于点( )成中心对称,又三次函
数的极值点关于对称中心对称,故 ,解得:a=1;
(3)由三次函数图象可知, = 有且仅有两根为 ,
则 ,
数学参考答案及评分标准 第4页,共5页即 ,有且仅有两根为 ,
整理得: ,
所以x 是方程 的根,·······························12分
3
又 是方程 的根,故 ,·································13分
代入上式整理得到: ,
即 =0,·······························································15分
故 ,······················································16分
故m的最大值为−1.·······································································17分
19.解:(1)证明: ,注意到 ,
, .························································2分
因为 ,则 ,
因此 在 单调递减,故 ,······························3分
故 在 单调递减,因此 ;·······························4分
( 2 ) ( i ) 证 明 : , 故 在 点 处 的 切 线 方 程 为
,
·······························································································5分
与 联立,可得 ,
令 ,则 ,
故 在 单调递减,在 单调递增,··················6分
数学参考答案及评分标准 第5页,共5页因为 ,则 > 1,且 ,
而 ,
故 在 上存在唯一零点,即为 ,故 ,······················7分
同理, 在点 处的切线方程为 ,·····················8分
与 联立,有 ,
令 , ,
则 在 单调递减,在 单调递增,
因为 ,故 ,······························································9分
.考虑 , ,
则 在(0,1)单调递增,故 ,故 ,
且 ,
故 在 存在唯一零点,即 ,故 ,
因此 ,故 ;··················································10分
(ii)由(i)知 ,因为 ,
故 ,即 ,
整理得: , ·······························································11分
由(1)知 在 恒成立,即 ,
得 ,···························································13分
结合 ,
数学参考答案及评分标准 第6页,共5页故 ,即 ,··············14分
∴ ,
即 ,因此 ,··················16分
结合 ,故 ,因此 ,
所以 .········································································17分
数学参考答案及评分标准 第7页,共5页