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2021年1月浙江省普通高校招生学考科目考试 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
英语试题及答案
A. Husband and wife. B. Hostess and guest. C. Chef and customer.
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
7. What is the man most likely to have for dinner?
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题 A. French fries. B. Ham sandwiches. C. Fish and vegetables.
纸上。 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 8. Where will George go after the business trip?
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在 A. Milan. B. Rome. C. Florence.
9. What is banned in Florence?
试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对
A. Eating in the street.
话仅读一遍。
B. Dressing up as soldiers.
例：How much is the shirt?
C. Singing on public transport.
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
10. What does George think of the new rules?
答案是C。
A They're effective. B. They're timely. C. They're reasonable.
1. What did the woman do yesterday?
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
A. She played football.
11. Why does Ms. McDaniel talk to Frank?
B. She watched a game.
A. He missed a speech.
C She worked in the lab.
B. He failed to pass a test.
2. What will the weather be like tomorrow evening?
C. He wanted to drop a class.
A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Windy.
12. How would Ms. McDaniel's students react if a speaker made a mistake?
3. What will Jack do this weekend?
A. laugh at the speaker.
A. Go on a school trip.
B. Sympathize with the speaker.
B. Have a family picnic.
C. Persuade the speaker to try again.
C. Prepare for an exam.
13. How does Ms. McDaniel sound?
4. Why does the man make the call?
A. Optimistic. B. Humorous. C. Encouraging.
A. To arrange a meeting.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
B. To cancel a visit.
14. What makes the man surprised?
C. To ask for assistance.
A. The number of job applicants.
5. How does the man feel now?
B. The experience of employees.
A. Refreshed. B. Anxious. C. Sleepy.
C. The candidates' language skills.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
15. How many candidates are the speakers going to meet?
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳
A. 2. B. 12. C. 20.
选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；
16. What do the speakers talk about at the end of the conversation?
听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
A. Job description.B. Interview procedure. Everything just started to match.
C. Candidates' background. When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 the entrance. "There's something about me, " he thought—and it took him a few seconds but he
17. What did Gallo receive yesterday? finally remembered what she used to look like.
A. A call from her sister. In an interview Brierley says, "My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she
B. A bottle from her aunt. came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the
C. A letter from a stranger. chemical in my brain, you know, it was like a nuclear fusion（核聚变）. I just didn't know
18. Where did the fisherman find the bottle? what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am,
A. On Monhegan Island. standing in front of her. ”
B. At Cumberland. 1. Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago?
C. In Spain. A. He got on a train by mistake.
19. How old was Gallo when she threw out the bottle? B. He got lost while playing in the street.
A Fight. B. Eleven. C. Fourteen. C. He was taken away by a foreigner.
20. Where is the bottle now? D. He was adopted by an Australian family.
A. In the ocean. B. At Gallo's home. C. With the fisherman. 2. How did Brierley find his hometown?
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） A. By analyzing old pictures.
B. By travelling all around India.
第一节（共10小题；每小题2. 5分，满分25分）
C. By studying digital maps
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和ID四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂
D. By spreading his story via his book.
黑。
3. What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview?
A
A. His love for his mother.
More than 25 years ago, Saroo Brierley lived in rural（农村）India. One day, he played with
B. His reunion with his mother.
his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found himself alone, the
C. His long way back home.
4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.
D. His memory of his hometown.
That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
on the streets, and then in an orphanage（孤儿院）. There, he was adopted by an Australian
【解析】
family and flown to Tasmania.
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了布尔利小时候意外走失，长大后通过自己努力找回家人的故事。
As he writes in his new book, A Long Way Home, Brierley couldn't help but wonder about his
【1题详解】
hometown back in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn't know his town's name,
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“When he woke up and found himself alone: the 4-year-old
finding a small neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible.
decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.(当他醒来发现自
Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the
己一个人时：4岁的孩子判断他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火车上，所以他上了车)”以及第二段中“That
program's satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and
train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city.(那列火车把他带到
realized he was looking at a town's central business district from a bird's-eye view. He
了一个千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布尔利在25年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A项。
thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the three-platform train station”—and
【2题详解】
there it was. "And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain"-and there it was.细节理解题。通过文章第四段“Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching made the night before, umbrellas on rainy days and hats on hot ones-but it's certainly worth
for his hometown in the program’s satellite pictures.(然后他找到了一个数字地图程序。他花了数 trying.
年时间在该节目的卫星图片中寻找家乡)”以及“Everything just started to match.(一切都开始匹配 4. Why does the author mention Watkins' predictions in the first paragraph?
了）”可知，布尔利是通过研究数字地图找到家乡的。故选C项。 A. To make comparisons. B. To introduce the topic.
【3题详解】 C. To support her argument. D. To provide examples.
细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“In an interview Brierley says: “My mother looked so much 5. What has caused the decrease in Australian children's physical activity?
shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my A. Plain laziness. B. Health problems.
feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know: it was like nuclear fusion（核聚 C. Lack of time. D. Security concerns.
变）. just didn’t know what to say: because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come 6. Why does the author find walking with her son worthwhile?
true. And here I am, standing in front of her.(在一次采访中，布尔利说：“我妈妈看起来比我记忆 A. She can get relaxed after work. B. She can keep physically fit.
中矮多了。但是她走了出来，朝我走来，我也向着她走去，我的感情、眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道 C. She can help with her son's study. D. She can know her son better.
的：就像发生了核聚变。只是不知道该说些什么：因为我从没想过见到我母亲会成为现实。我就在这里，站 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D
在她面前。)”可知，作者在采访中讲述了他和母亲的团聚。故选B项。 【解析】
B 这是一篇说明文。文章通过否定沃特金斯的预言，进而提出现在人们时间的紧缺和陪伴的重要性。
At the start of the 20th century, an American engineer named John Elfreth Watkins made 【4题详解】
predictions about life today. His predictions about slowing population growth, mobile phones 推理判断题。通过文章第二段“Today: in Australia: most children on average fall 2: 000 steps
and increasing height were close to the mark. But he was wrong in one prediction: that short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40
everybody would walk 10 miles a day. percent of children walked to school while in 2010, it was as low as15 percent.(今天：在澳大利
Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2, 000 steps short of the physical 亚：大多数孩子平均比避免超重所需的体力活动少了2000步。在上世纪70年代初，40%的孩子步行上学，而
activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 per cent of children 在2010年，这一比例降至15%)”说明作者根据沃特金斯的预言做了相关调查，并且写下了这篇文章。通读全
walked to school, while in 2010, it was as low as 15 per cent. 文得知作者在第一段提到沃特金斯的预言，是为了介绍文章主题。故选B项。
The decline is not because we have all become lazy. Families are pressed for time, many 【5题详解】
with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, 细节理解题。通过文章第三段中“Families are pressed for time: many with both parents working to
living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport. pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent
The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and well-being, as well as neighborhoods with limited public transport.(家庭时间紧迫：许多家庭的父母都在为房子买单而工
lost opportunities（机会）for children to get to know their local surroundings. And for 作，工作时间往往不是他们自己选择的，他们住在公共交通有限的依赖汽车的社区)”可知，导致澳大利亚
parents there are lost opportunities to walk and talk with their young scholar about their day. 儿童体育活动的减少的原因是时间不够。故选C项。
Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their day, only to meet with a 【6题详解】
“good”, quickly followed by "I'm hungry". This is also my experience as a mother. But 细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段中“But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son’s day
somewhere over the daily walk more about my son's day comes out. I hear him making sense of comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and
friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more. rare parental opportunity to hear more.(但是，在每天散步的某个地方，更多关于我儿子日常的事情出
Many primary schools support walking school-bus routes（路线）, with days of regular, 现了。我听到他在理解友谊及其局限性。这是一个意想不到的难得的机会，家长听到更多)”说明作者觉得
parent-accompanied walks. Doing just one of these a few times a week is better than nothing. 和儿子一起散步能让她更了解她的儿子。故选D项。
It can be tough to begin and takes a little planning-running shoes by the front door, lunches CResearchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) 9. What does the underlined word "gulf" in the last paragraph mean?
use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with A. Difference. B. Conflict. C. Balance. D. Connection.
a "vocabulary" of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups 10. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges. A. Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough
Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of B. Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills
intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she C. Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdom
said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group D. Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated
member. 【答案】7. D 8. B 9. A 10. D
"That's what's so amazing about chimp gestures," she said. "They're the only thing that 【解析】
looks like human language in that respect. ” 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家们通过跟踪和拍摄乌干达的黑猩猩群，翻译出了黑猩猩用来交流的手势
Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex 含义。
information from another animal's call, the animals do not appear to use their voices 【7题详解】
intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication
gestures, Dr Hobaiter said. where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.（她说，只有人类和黑猩猩有一个
Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to 交流系统，他们故意向其他成员发送信息）”可知，根据Dr Hobaiter，黑猩猩和人类的共同点在于故意传
communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling:" Climb on 递信息，故选D。
me. " The youngster immediately jumps on to its mothers back and they travel off together. 【8题详解】
"The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there. that is 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University
meaningful in its communication, so that's not unique to humans," said Dr Hobaiter. of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the
Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were“a little disappointing”（曼彻
study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. 斯特大学的进化生物学家苏珊娜·舒尔茨博士说，这项研究是值得称赞的，它试图丰富我们对人类语言进化
But, she added, the results were "a little disappointing". 的知识。但是，她补充说，结果“有点令人失望”）”可知，这项研究是一个好的尝试，但是发现的结果是
"The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to 有限的。故选B。
communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and 【9题详解】
actions," she said. "Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animal convey 词义猜测题。首先根据第三段中的“They’re the only thing that looks like human language in that
with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains. " respect.（在这方面，它们是唯一看起来像人类语言的东西）”可知，黑猩猩的手势交流很像我们人类语言
7. What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter? 的交流方式。但是根据最后一段中的“Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other
A. Memorizing specific words. B. Understanding complex information. animals convey with non-verbal communications.（此外，这些含义似乎并不超越其他动物通过非语言交
C. Using voices to communicate. D. Communicating messages on purpose. 流所传达的信息）”可知，黑猩猩手势的交流方式还是和我们语言的交流方式存在不同的，也就是“So, it
8. What did Dr Shultz think of the study? seems the gulf remains.（所以，看来差异依然存在）”，故gulf的意思是difference，故选A。
A. It was well designed but poorly conducted. 【10题详解】
B. It was a good try but the findings were limited. 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that
C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable. wild chimpanzees use to communicate.（研究人员表示，他们已经翻译出了野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的
D. It was a failure but the methods deserved praise. 含义）”以及文章对这方面的讨论可知，文章主要讲科学家们对黑猩猩手势的研究及一些成果，所以D项：黑猩猩语言：翻译出来的交流手势，这一题目涵盖文章的内容。故选D。 faster. （原来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。）”解释了上文“You chose
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） wrong.(你选错了)”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，故选A项。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 【12题详解】
上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head
through with minimum delay.（杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结
to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
账。）”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked
customer -can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.（任何一个小小的中断，一个价
out and off to the parking lot. ___11___
格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线。）”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本
It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is
空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，故选G项。
faster.
【13题详解】
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through
根据上文“If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different
with minimum delay. ___12___Any small interruption - a price check, a chatty customer-can have
registers. （如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。）”联系下文“So it's not
downstream effects, holding up an entire line.
just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers.
队伍可能移动得更快。）”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有
Think about the probability:____13____So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is
三分之一。故选D项。
moving faster.
【14题详解】
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long,
根据“上文Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的
snaking line- called a serpentine line - and serve each person at the front with the next
方法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants.
available register. ___14___This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With
With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who
a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up
lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone little bit but speed up checkout
behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
overall.（这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不
____15____It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't
公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结帐速度。）”说明这个新方案迅
afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。故选F项。
A. Why does this always seem to happen to you?
【15题详解】
B. So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
结合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't
C. Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
afford the space or manpower.（要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担
D. The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
不起空间和人力。）”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many
E. How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
registers to keep one line moving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇
F. With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
形队伍的原因。故选B项。
G. But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
【答案】11. A 12. G 13. D 14. F 15. B
【解析】 第一节（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并
【11题详解】 在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
下文“It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to____16____on the Internet anddiscovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I____17____myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. 33. A. By the way B. Regardless of that C. Needless to say D. In either ease
I was____18____at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, 34. A. survived B. resisted C. escaped D. recovered
within fifteen minutes of____19____, my worries had gone. Everyone was so____20____and like- 35. A. smarter B. stronger C. happier D. busier
minded that it was very____21____to feel at home. 【答案】16. D 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day____22____. We had 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B
to____23____everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like 【解析】
a____24____way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire. 【分析】
My job was to____25____a stairway out of rock. This____26____climbing up and down the side 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者去年通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽
of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only 然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，仍然感谢这个经历让自己
heard,never____27____ . 变得更坚强。
【16题详解】
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The____28____of knowing that
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A. calculate计算；B. negotiate
my____29____will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
协商；C. advertise登广告；D. research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some
But on the last night we were____30____in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a
volunteer work.”可知，作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。故选D项。
swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to____31____. I had to spend the rest of
【17题详解】
the night trembling in the only____32____part of my tent.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagined想象；B.
____33____, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and
introduced介绍；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. found发现。根据前文的“I began to_1_on the Internet…”可
I____34____. I think I am much____35____for having taken part in the project.
知，作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。故选D项。
16. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research
【18题详解】
17. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A. annoyed烦恼的；B.
18. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared D. excited
surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后面的“my worries had gone.”可知，我
19. A. arriving B. sleeping C. thinking D. walking
一开始很担忧。故选C项。
20. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious
【19题详解】
21. A. funny B. good C. lucky D. easy
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A. arriving到达；B. sleeping睡觉；
22. A. tour B. project C. campaign D. course
C. thinking思考；D. walking行走。根据“feel at home”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。故选A
23. A. drop B. make C. carry D. buy
项。
24. A. nice B. safe C. long D. quick
【20题详解】
25. A. build B. test C. clean D. guard
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. confident
26. A. helped B. ended C. allowed D. meant
自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. energetic活力的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded”可
27. A. hunted B. trained C. seen D. fed
推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。故选B项。
28. A. satisfaction B. ambition C. expectation D. intention
【21题详解】
29. A. work B. memory C. record D. story
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. funny搞笑
30. A. left B. caught C. attacked D. separated
的；B. good好的；C. lucky幸运的；D. easy容易的。根据 “that like-minded”和“feel at home”得
31. A. boiling B. average C. normal D. freezing
知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。故选D项。
32. A. tidy B. dry C. new D. soft【22题详解】 attacked袭击；D. separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目。A. tour游览；B. project项目； tent”可知，作者他们被困在雷雨中。故选B项。
C. campaign活动；D. course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知，这是在说 【31题详解】
当志愿者的项目，原词复现。故选B项。 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：温度接近零度。A. boiling煮沸的的；B. average平均的；C. normal正常
【23题详解】 的；D. freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。故选D项。
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop掉下；B. make 【32题详解】
制作；C. carry携带；D. buy购买。根据下文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A. tidy干净的；B. dry干的；C.
故选C项。 new新的；D. soft软的。根据上文的“thunderstorm”和后文的“part of my tent”可知，帐篷里进了
【24题详解】 水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。故选B项。
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿像是着了火。 【33题详解】
A. nice好的；B. safe安全的；C. long长的；D. quick快的。根据前文“walk three miles”可知，作者 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下；B. Regardless of that
他们走的路程不远。故选C项。 尽管这样；C. Needless to say 不用说；D. In either case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造
【25题详解】 台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。故选C项。
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造；B. test测试；C. clean清洁；D. 【34题详解】
guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一 考查动词辨析。句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A. survived生存；B.
个阶梯供狮子攀爬。故选A项。 resisted反抗；C. escaped逃离，抓牢；D. recovered恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to
【26题详解】 face in my life I was there.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。故选A项。
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A. helped帮助；B. ended结 【35题详解】
束；C. allowed允许；D. meant意味。根据“climbing up and down”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬 考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A. smarter更聪明的；B.
上爬下。故选D项。 stronger更强壮的；C. happier更快乐的；D. busier更忙碌的。根据前文“But I know whatever I have
【27题详解】 to face in my life I was there.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。故选B项。
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎；B. trained 【点睛】
训练；C. seen看到；D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
者以前没有见过。故选C项。 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
【28题详解】 In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the
考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier ____36____ that most of the rise is
satisfaction满意；B. ambition雄心；C. expectation期待；D. intention意图。根据上文的“a due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
beautiful stairway came into being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。故选A项。 BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ____37____ gives an indication of
【29题详解】 whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a ____38____ (person) weight
考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ____39____ (consider)
work工作，作品；B. memory回忆；C. record记录；D. story故事。根据上文的“My job was to”“a healthy.
beautiful stairway came into being”可知，修台阶是我的工作。故选A项。 The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased ____40____ 2. 1 in
【30题详解】 women and men. In cities, however, the gain ____41____ (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A. left离开；B. caught捉住；C. researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men andwomen in more than three quarters of the countries ____42____ (study) had higher BMIs than men 考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increase by表示
and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural “增加了”；increase to表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9）可知，increase by符合
people in many countries had narrowed ____43____(sharp). 语境，故填by。
This may be due to some disadvantages for people ____44____ (live) in the countryside, 【41题详解】
including ____45____ (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and 考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，
fewer sports facilities. 句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。
【答案】36. and 【42题详解】
37. that/which 考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区
38. person’s 的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是
39. is considered countries，表被动关系，故填studied。
40. by 41. was 【43题详解】
42. Studied 考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知，sharp是要
43. sharply 修饰动词narrow，用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。
44. living 45. lower 【44题详解】
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标，主要是由于农村地区的体重指数（BMI） 的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词may be，故live用非谓语形
增加了，并分析了其中的原因。 式，它的逻辑主语是people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。
【36题详解】 【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越 考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较
来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are 高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，including说明的是一些不利条件，且后面
getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾 有higher和fewer，是并列关系，所以low也应该用比较级形式，故填lower。
语从句，是并列关系，故填and。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
【37题详解】 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析
46. 假定你是李华，下周有新西兰学生访问你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。请为此写一篇 发言稿，内
句子结构可知，tool是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。
容包括：
【38题详解】
1. 表示欢迎；
考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被
2. 介绍活动安排；
认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，person是修饰weight的，用 person的名词所有格person’s。故填
3. 表达祝愿。
person’s。
注意：
【39题详解】
1. 词数80左右；
考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a BMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语
【答案】Distinguished guests:
和consider是表被动关系，故填is considered。
On behalf of our school, I would like to convey my sincere welcome for your visiting.
【40题详解】
At first, it is of significance to fully understand the school. As scheduled, all of youwill visit the museum, which contains the splendid history of our school. Furthermore, our 5. After that, it is at canteen that you can have a special lunch with our students.
classes are worthy of being attended, because you can appreciate the differences between
6. As mentioned above, I extremely expect your coming.
Chinese and western teaching methods. After that, it is at canteen that you can have a special
7. May you have an unforgettable experience.
lunch with our students.
As mentioned above, I extremely expect your coming. May you have an unforgettable 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
experience.
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
【解析】
1.表文章结构顺序：at first
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文，要求考生写一篇发言稿，向即将到校的新西兰学生致欢迎辞。 2.表并列补充关系：Furthermore
【详解】第一步：审题
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
体裁：应用文
【点睛】[高分句型1] As scheduled, all of you will visit the museum, which contains the
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。 splendid history of our school. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
结构：总分法 [高分句型2] After that, it is at canteen that you can have a special lunch with our students.
(运用了强调句型)
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
第二节 读后续写(满分25分）
要求：
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
1．表示欢迎；
Pumpkin (南瓜) carving at Halloween is a family tradition. We visit a local farm every
October. In the pumpkin field, I compete with my three brothers and sister to seek out the
2．介绍活动安排；
biggest pumpkin. My dad has a rule that we have to carry our pumpkins back home, and as the
3．表达祝愿。
eldest child I have an advantage-I carried an 85-pounder back last year.
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） This year, it was hard to tell whether my prize or the one chosen by my 14-year-old brother,
Jason, was the winner. Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides,
on behalf of; would like to; convey; sincere welcome; be of significance; splendid; be worthy
but I was determined to prove my point. All of us were hard at work at the kitchen table, with
of; appreciate; teaching methods; canteen; extremely expect; unforgettable
my mom filming the annual event. I’m unsure now why I thought forcing my head inside the
第三步：连词成句
pumpkin would settle the matter, but it seemed to make perfect sense at the time.
1. On behalf of our school, I would like to convey my sincere welcome for your visiting. With the pumpkin resting on the table, hole uppermost, I bent over and pressed my head
against the opening. At first I got jammed just above my eyes and then, as I went on with my
2. At first, it is of significance to fully understand the school.
task, unwilling to quit, my nose briefly prevented entry. Finally I managed to put my whole
3. As scheduled, all of you will visit the museum, which contains the splendid history of our
head into it, like a cork (软木塞) forced into a bottle. I was able to straighten up with the
school.
huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders.
4. Furthermore, our classes are worthy of being attended, because you can appreciate the My excitement was short-lived. The pumpkin was heavy. “I’m going to set it down, now,” I
differences between Chinese and western teaching methods. said,and with Jason helping to support its weight，I bent back over the table to give it
somewhere to rest. It was only when I tried to remove my head that I realized getting out wasgoing to be less straightforward than getting in. When I pulled hard, my nose got in the way. 始获得数十万的点击量。
I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to 【详解】1.段落续写：
find the right angle, but it was no use. “I can’t get it out!” I shouted, my voice sounding ①由第一段首句内容“虽然时间只过去了五、六分钟，但还是感觉要长得多。”可知，第一段可描写作者是
unnaturally loud in the enclosed space. 如何在爸爸的帮助下得救的。
注意： ②由第二段首句内容“这段视频是在万圣节前的周一发布的。”可知，第二段可描写作者头被卡在南瓜里这
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 段视频在网上的走红情况，以及视频走红对作者家和作者的影响。
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 2.续写线索：爸爸被喊来帮忙——妈妈拍下了全过程——作者得救——视频被上传——视频走红——视频对
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 作者家和作者的影响
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 3.词汇激活
Paragraph 1 行为类
It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer. 确保：make sure / guarantee
Paragraph 2 打算做某事：be going to do sth./ intend to do sth.
The video was posted the Monday before Halloween. 出来：emerge / come out
情绪类
【答案】Paragraph 1 实际：practical / useful
It was five or six minutes though it felt much longer. Dad was summoned – less, it seemed, 出名：become a minor celebrity / be famous
in expectation of practical help than to make sure he didn’t miss out on the spectacle. I 【点睛】[高分句型1] When I went on a youth camp, I was recognized by children I’d never met.
heard him propose calling the fire department. “Stay tuned,” said Mom; she’d mentioned she (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
was going to upload the video to Facebook, but it was only then I realized she’d been filming [高分句型2]Passersby and trick-or-treaters would knock and ask, “Which is Rachel’s
the whole time. The video cuts before my rescue —Dad got me to push my head farther into the pumpkin?” before taking selfies with it. (运用了动名词作宾语)
pumpkin so Mom could reach in and undo the rubber band round my ponytail. I emerged with
squash-conditioned hair, a sore chin and my nose plugged with pulp.
Paragraph 2
The video was posted the Monday before Halloween. By the end of that day, it had over 1,000
views. People asked Mom to put it on YouTube, and by Wednesday morning we were getting 5:00 am
calls from TV breakfast shows and then the international media – the video started racking up
hundreds of thousands of views. When I went on a youth camp, I was recognized by children I’d
never met. The pumpkin also became a minor celebrity. Passersby and trick-or-treaters would
knock and ask, “Which is Rachel’s pumpkin?” before taking selfies with it.
【解析】
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者家有在万圣节雕刻南瓜的传统，今年也不例外，家里所有人都在厨房的
餐桌上辛勤地工作着，而作者的妈妈则在拍摄一年一度的活动。结果作者将头伸进了南瓜里，被卡住了，无
论如何也无法挣脱出来，妈妈却趁机拍下了这一幕，后来作者得救，视频也被上传到网上走红，这段视频开
