文档内容
【高频考点解密】2023年高考英语二轮复习讲义
阅读理解
解密02 推理判断的复习要点
【构建知识体系】
考点1 引申推断题
考点2文章来源题
考点3读者对象题
推理判断题
考点4观点态度题
考点5预测推断题
考点6目的意图题
【英语学科素养解读】
命题 素养解读
题型解读
要求
要求考生阅读 4篇短 主旨大意题包括精确归纳标题、概括文章大意
文，从每题所给的4个选 考查 和总结段落大意，主要考查考生能否分辨主题和细
项中选出最佳选项。题材 主旨大 节，是否具备提纲挈领的能力，也就是能否在理解
广泛，包括科普、社会、 意、细节 全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑
文化、政治、经济等多方 理解、推 方法对文章进行高度概括和总结，做这类题目时要
面内容。体裁多样，以记 理判断、 高瞻远瞩，不可以以偏概全。
叙文、议论文、说明文为 词义猜
主。 测、篇章
结构等。
【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向
2023年命题解读和近年考点再现推理判断题 考点1 引申推断题
1.D【2022·新高考I卷】
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to
the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common
than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led
to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called
labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer
foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland,
has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned
(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the
upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce
such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture
in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do
as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound
of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably
during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many
hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when
human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. ”The set of speech sounds we use has not
necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of
speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological
change and cultural evolution,“ said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
15. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?
A. It is key to effective communication. B. It contributes much to cultural
diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system. D. It drives the evolution of human
beings.
2.B【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of
a rare black rhino calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the
40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the
new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity (圈养).
Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: “Obviously we're all absolutelydelighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She's healthy, strong and already
eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job.
It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I
have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.”
The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too
early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild.
The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and
weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve
and still live there.
According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low
as 5500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.
7．What can be inferred about Porn Lympne Reserve?
A．The rhino section will be open to the public.
B．It aims to control the number of the animals.
C．It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.
D．Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.
3.C【2021·英语全国甲卷】
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a
gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my
beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a
discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the
continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the
local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello.
It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto
the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A
few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe!
Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals
were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending
hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was
cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the
kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a
baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice
the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I
told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”8．What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?
A．He felt disappointed. B．He gave up his hobby.
C．He liked the weather there. D．He had disagreements with his family.
4.D【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for
genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that
some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European
origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those
victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by
geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were
unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely
than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the
study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for
children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become
discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all
positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will
see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius.
As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅
力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
13．What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?
A．They think themselves smart.
B．They look up to great thinkers.
C．They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D．They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
5.B【2021·全国高考乙卷】
When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still
paying for a landline（座机）?
These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t
own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone
can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter
（29%） rely only on their smartphones according to a survey （调查）. Of those Australians
who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as asecurity blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of
emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is
naturally a factor（因素）— only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then,
compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50
years. Age isn’t the only factor; I’d say it’s also to do with the makeup of your household.
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a
home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be
honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point
where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID
would take the fun out of it）.
How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps
and morning milk deliveries?
27．What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?
A．It remains a family necessity.
B．It will fall out of use some day.
C．It may increase daily expenses.
D．It is as important as the gas light.
6.D【2021·全国高考乙卷】
During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about
often. Annoyed by the level of distraction（干扰）in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have
a membership at the co-working space across the street — so I can focus”. His comment struck me
as strange. After all, co-working spaces also typically use an open office layout（布局）. But I
recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of
creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise
levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels（分贝）, 70 decibels, and 85 decibels.
The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the
participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise similar to background
chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were
small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total
silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right
level of background noise — not too loud and not total silence — may actually improve one’s
creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of
thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus.
This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, wecan’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus.
Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative
process, and yet a co-working space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also
providing freedom from interruptions.
35．What can we infer about the author from the text?
A．He’s a news reporter.
B．He’s an office manager.
C．He’s a professional designer.
D．He’s a published writer.
7.C【2021·全国新高考I卷】
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands
were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these
precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who
followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (
水 禽 ) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.
Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly
reducing waterfowl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly
concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory ( 迁徙的) waterfowl and
the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and
over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp
was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that
time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological
Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird
Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National
Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all
generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to
purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has
been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.291
30．What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?
A．The stamp price has gone down. B．The migratory birds have flown away.
C．The hunters have stopped hunting. D．The government has collected money.
8. B【2020·全国新高考II山东卷】
Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal
of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of
Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked ata job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer
attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition（学费）, because there was no extra
money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and
brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college
to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves:
nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield
because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be
home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received great support from her family as she
worked to car her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old
mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer
sacrificed（牺牲）to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing
important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids
and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned an important
lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an
inspiration to her family-and that's pretty powerful.
7. What can we learn from Jenifer's story? （ ）
A. Time is money. B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off. D. Education is the key to success.
9. D【2020·全国新高考II山东卷】
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and
consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to
existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large
portions(份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two
experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to
ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each
woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food
first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially
designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants
followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly
more when the actor was thin.
For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls.
In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants
followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're makingdecisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I’ll have what she's
having” effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large
portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a
lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?
14．Why did the researchers hire the actor?
A．To see how she would affect the participants.
B．To test if the participants could recognize her.
C．To find out what she would do in the two tests.
D．To study why she could keep her weight down.
15．On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph?
A．How hungry we are. B．How slim we want to be.
C．How we perceive others. D．How we feel about the food.
10. B【2020·全国新课标I】
Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There’s a
welcome familiarity - but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and
thus the relationship. But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of
rereading so rich and transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present
mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all
about the present. It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a
give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually The first, which I take to reading every spring is
Emest Hemningway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s
Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an
ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随
笔) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected
Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which might add to
the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary,
rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the
ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread
in order to better understand your friends.
24．Why does the author like rereading?
A．It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.
B．It’s a window to a whole new world.
C．It’s a substitute for drinking with a friend.
D．It extends the understanding of oneself.25．What do we know about the book A Moveable Feas!?
A．It’s a brief account of a trip.
B．It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man.
C．It’s a record of a historic event.
D．It’s about Hemingway’s friends in Paris.
27．What can we infer about the author from the text?
A．He loves poetry.
B．He’s an editor.
C．He’s very ambitious.
D．He teaches reading.
11. C【2020·全国新课标II】
When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list,
fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装)enthusiasts are trying
to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have(showcased)nutria fur made into
clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that
the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of
Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of
the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The
ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment.
It’s them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the
late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not
easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in
more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Morgan says，”To give people a guilt-
free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-1 think that’s going to be
a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while
to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She
trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.318
31．What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?
A．It’s formal. B．It’s risky. C．It’s harmful. D．It’s traditional.
12. B【2020·全国新课标III】
When "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public last month, a group ofexcited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren’t there to throw red
paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had
arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: "Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!"
The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create
digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actor’s
performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this
case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals
lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed
entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of
films, including "Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part Ⅱ" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the
anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.
In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has
activists worried; it’s the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there
are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as
closely as productions filmed in the Sates.241
27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?
A. They may be badly treated.
B. They should take further training.
C. They could be traded illegally
D. They would lose popularity.
推理判断题 考点2 文章来源题
1.A【2022·新高考I卷】
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay
1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the
assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and
course management system.
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-
class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class'
lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to
time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed athome, both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it
is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments
not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence
will be accepted.
1. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An
academic article.
3. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?
A. You will receive a zero. B. You will lose a letter grade.
C. You will be given a test. D. You will have to rewrite it.
2.B【2022·全国高考乙卷】
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.—Dorothy Woodruff
and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-
room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for
them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string
was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected
Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and
Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter.
Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they
realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare
baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings,
Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the
cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which
of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the
building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding
snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the
people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse,
looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all
around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes,
mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
7. What is the text?
A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary
entry.3.A【2021·英语全国甲卷】
A Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of
Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard
of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best
photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for
photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.
Mike It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I
Shepherd(2011) climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few
Skiddaw in feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it
Winter and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I
Cumbria, used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into
England Photoshop, to achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
Timothy
I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.
Smith(2014)
Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe. a local high point, I came
Macclesfield
across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against
Forest
the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take
Cheshire,
the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
England
3．Where can the text be found?
A．In a history book. B．In a novel. C．In an art magazine. D．In a biography.
4.【2022年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）】
The United States rose to global power on the strength of its technology, and the lifeblood
that technology has long been electricity. By providing long-distance communication and energy,
electricity created the modem world. Yet properly understood, the age of electricity is merely the
second stage in the age of steam, which began a century earlier.
"It is curious that no one has put together a history of both the steam and electric
revolutions." writes Maury Klein in his book The Power Makers, Steam, Electricity, and the Men
Invented Modem America. Klein, a noted historian of technology, spins a narrative so lively that at
times it reads like a novel.
The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, where Watt perfected "the
machine that changed the world". Klein writes, "America did not invent the steam engine, but
once they grasped its passwords they put it to more uses than anyone else. "
Meanwhile, over the course of 19th century, electricity went from mere curiosity to a basic
necessity. Morse invented a code for sending messages over an electromagnetic circuit. Bell then
gave the telegraph a voice. Edison perfected an incandescent bulls that brought electric light into
the American home.
Most importantly, Edison realized that success depended on mass electrification, which heshowed in New York City. With help from Tesla, Westinghouse's firm developed a system using
alternating current, which soon became the major forms of power delivery.
To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress
brought about by the steams and electric revolutions in America during one man's lifetime. It's a
technique that helps turn a long narrative into an interesting one.
6．What is the text?
A．A biography. B．A book review. C．A short story. D．A science report.
推理判断题 考点3 读者对象题
【广东惠州市2023届高三第三次调研】
Home delivery meal kits have been one of the bits of the pandemic: they have enabled diners
to carry on getting a taste of restaurant-quality food, while helping restaurants to stay in business,
and even make you an excellent chef. Here are four of the best offering delivery in our region:
Berenjak (berenjakbazaar.com)
“The kabab kits from this London-based Iranian restaurant — which range in price from £25
to £45 — are a ‘class act’,” says Jay Rayner in The Observer. “My kit even included a pair of
plastic gloves for me to wear while dealing with the raw meat. This is the best kind of meal kit —
the cooking is fun, and the finished product is utterly delicious.”
Gujarati Rasoi (gujaratirasoi.co.uk)
“I love this vegetarian restaurant,” says Marina O’Loughlin in The Sunday Times. “And its
meal boxes are ‘electrifyingly good’ too. Family boxes for four cost £65, and I especially love the
starter (£15.50). The dishes were complicated, yet quite easy to cook.”
Lyle’s (lylesprovisions.com)
“This Michelin-starred London restaurant delivers its ‘exquisitely delicious’ menu boxes each
Friday,” says Xanthe Clay in The Daily Telegraph. “At £140 for two, they aren’t cheap, and with
multiple courses, they do take a bit of work and concentration to cook.”
Santo Remedio (santoremedio.co.uk)
“Order a Remedy kit from Santo Remedio and what you will get is an incredibly generous,
sharing-style Mexican feast for two,” says Anna Lawson on BBC’s “Good Food”. “The kits come
with a choice of slow-cooked meat, accompanied by all the ingredients to make your own
pancake. Preparation is simple, thanks to a colour-coded instruction.”
3．Who are the potential target readers of the text?
A．Restaurant cooks. B．Trainee chefs .
C．Ordinary housewives. D．Hotel managers.
推理判断题 考点4 观点态度题
1.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】B
We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many
young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring
Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures
— a perfect match for his age.
Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the
pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and
continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there
something wrong with this kid?
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father
frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that
come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.
Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An
antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally
speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front
of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me
last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and
Hebei province.
Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to
my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.
6．What does the author think of himself?
A．Socially ambitious. B．Physically attractive.
C．Financially independent. D．Digitally competent.
7．What can we learn about the author as a journalist?
A．He lacks experience in his job. B．He seldom appears on television.
C．He manages a video department. D．He often interviews internet stars.
2.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】D
As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it
used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who
don’t exercise, the changes can start even sooner.
“Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years
and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University
of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that
even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your
aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not
exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups.
The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise—balance training andweight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under
the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw
remarkable improvements in heart health.
“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,”
says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now
fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who
participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says.
“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven’t already, is in late middle age when
the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. “We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong
exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.”
Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s
findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups
of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
13．In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?
A．Diet plan. B．Professional background.
C．Exercise type. D．Previous physical condition.
15．What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest?
A．Making use of the findings. B．Interviewing the study participants.
C．Conducting further research. D．Clarifying the purpose of the study.
3.B【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of
a rare black rhino calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the
40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the
new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity (圈养).
Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: “Obviously we're all absolutely
delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She's healthy, strong and already
eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job.
It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I
have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.”
The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too
early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild.
The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and
weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve
and still live there.
According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low
as 5500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.
4．Which of the following best describes the breeding programme?
A．Costly. B．Controversial. C．Ambitious. D．Successful.4.C【2021·英语全国甲卷】
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a
gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my
beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a
discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the
continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the
local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello.
It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto
the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A
few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe!
Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals
were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending
hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was
cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the
kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a
baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice
the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I
told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
11．What message does the author seem to convey in the text?
A．Children should learn a second language.
B．Sport is necessary for children's health.
C．Children need a sense of belonging
D．Seeing the world is a must for children.
5.D【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for
genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that
some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European
origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those
victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by
geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were
unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likelythan boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the
study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for
children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become
discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all
positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will
see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius.
As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅
力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
12．What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?
A．They're unfair. B．They're conservative.
C．They're objective. D．They're strict.
6.B【2021·全国高考乙卷】
When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still
paying for a landline（座机）?
These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t
own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone
can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter
（29%） rely only on their smartphones according to a survey （调查）. Of those Australians
who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a
security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of
emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is
naturally a factor（因素）— only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then,
compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50
years. Age isn’t the only factor; I’d say it’s also to do with the makeup of your household.
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a
home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be
honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point
where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID
would take the fun out of it）.
How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps
and morning milk deliveries?
26．What can we say about Baby Boomers?
A．They like smartphone games. B．They enjoy guessing callers’ identity.
C．They keep using landline phones. D．They are attached to their family.7.C【2021·全国高考乙卷】
You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter
ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist
Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic
garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-
foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several
volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping
center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source
（来源）of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t
need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.
Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for
only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明） a specific statistic: Every 60
seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of
Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which
were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped（倾倒） from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic
footprint.
30．What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?
A．Calming. B．Disturbing.
C．Refreshing. D．Challenging.
8.B【2021·全国新高考I卷】
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova —
not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music
so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner
for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the
musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just
as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at
once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right
spot.” Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes
and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage
communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn
which they need to practise with their page turner.But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page
to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off
the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms
Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling
every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire
life.”323
25．Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage?
A．Boring. B．Well-paid.
C．Demanding. D．Dangerous.
9.D【2021·全国新高考I卷】
Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的)
intellingence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything
desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character,
motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that
emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond
skill-based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for
either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be
used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control
potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can
reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.
The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on
emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The
popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the
functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that
such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is
our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from
which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head
and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
35．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?
A．Its appeal to the public. B．Expectations for future studies.
C．Its practical application. D．Scientists with new perspectives.
10.B【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】
I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the firsttiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it
to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers
arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I
wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They
weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk.
As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but
when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief.
We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking
like a zoo.
Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them.
There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was
there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing
baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.
When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump
fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them.
For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.
I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very
fondly on the time that we had them.
6．What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home?
A．Boring. B．Tiring. C．Costly. D．Risky.
11.C【2021·全国新高考II卷】
A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher
will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.
Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a
classroom revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a project to
promote the teaching of the arts in our schools.”
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort -
whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and
inspire children.
Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School, her place of work for the past
twelve years. “I've seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are
inspired by - their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . more than
ever in our schools."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields
into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being
downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education inschools was not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and
creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over
will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness,that has been
our strength for centuries."
9．What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools?
A．It is particularly difficult. B．It increases artists' income.
C．It opens children's mind. D．It deserves greater attention.
推理判断题 考点5 预测推断题
1.B【2022·全国甲卷】
Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have
similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in
the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment,
cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a
“keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose
from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it
will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes.
This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit
is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to
select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error
was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin’s
cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space,
similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely
entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
26. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?
A. How far they are able to see. B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D. Whether they use a sense of touch in
the test.
2.【2023·广东省茂名市五校联盟第二次联考】
"Hello!" You type into the chat box. There's a slight feeling of excitement flowing through
your fingers, and you can't wait for a reply. You think, "There's probably nothing more exciting
than this."
With communication from all corners of the world possible at the ease of your fingers, we are
now witness to an advanced form of the hand shake and physical conversations: online
friendships.
Alarmingly, according to Internet Safety 101, almost half of young adult users have receivedupsetting messages, with 92 percent posting their own real names and identification online and 58
percent thinking it doesn't cause concern. And though some parents may be biting their fingernails
in fear right now, more than half of the youth have admitted to making their friends online and a
good majority regularly text them.
Though the statistics are daunting, we hope, we haven't scared you off! Researchers actually
found that pursuing online friendships could be beneficial. Penn State University reported that this
was especially the case for those with social anxiety, as they might form a stronger comfort bond
with their peers through the screen rather than a face-to-face meeting.
Additionally, online interaction may increase your self-confidence. In our current situation of
isolation, perhaps that perfect connection from the safety of our homes is all it takes to make
things just a little more bearable.
In the end, it all depends on you. Whether or not your search for a friend bears fruit lies in
your approach, and though I'm not a great relationship master, I have some tips that will aid you in
your exploration for the "BFF" of your dreams.
4．What do you think the text will talk about next?
A．How to get on well with online friends. B．How to find online best friends.
C．How to keep in touch with online friends. D．How to benefit from dream online friends.
推理判断题 考点6 目的意图题
1.B【2022·新高考I卷】
Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was to
make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then
friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the
arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six
salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the
moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much
perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by
grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it.
That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a
country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my
refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 bones
of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in
Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered
more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的)produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash,
cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in
reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or
by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.
4. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?
A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at
times.
C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting
food.
2.C【2022·新高考I卷】
The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to
stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve
elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious
illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where
hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep
hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.
”
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out
and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the
hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it
feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and
the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the
project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are
looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the
project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
8. What is the purpose of the project?
A. To ensure harmony in care homes. B. To provide part-time jobs for the
aged.
C. To raise money for medical research. D. To promote the elderly people’s
welfare.
11. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results.
3.D【2022·全国甲卷】
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city
discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort
of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor
that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I
spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew
shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean?” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so
elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and
traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its
rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest
buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds
whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better
at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this
when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack
culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to
Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more
still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young
country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
35. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
4.C【2021·英语全国甲卷】
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a
gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without mybeloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a
discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the
continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the
local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello.
It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto
the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A
few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe!
Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals
were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending
hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was
cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the
kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a
baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice
the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I
told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
10．Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?
A．To join the skateboarding. B．To make new friends.
C．To learn more tricks. D．To relive his childhood days
5.C【2021·全国高考乙卷】
You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter
ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist
Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic
garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-
foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several
volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping
center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source
（来源）of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t
need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.
Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for
only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明） a specific statistic: Every 60
seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload ofPlastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which
were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped（倾倒） from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic
footprint.
28．What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for?
A．Beautifying the city he lives in. B．Introducing eco-friendly products.
C．Drawing public attention to plastic waste. D．Reducing garbage on the beach.
29．Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B．To explain why they are useful.
C．To voice his views on modern art.
D．To find a substitute for them.
6.D【2021·全国新高考I卷】
Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的)
intellingence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything
desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character,
motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that
emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond
skill-based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for
either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be
used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control
potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can
reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.
The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on
emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The
popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the
functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that
such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is
our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from
which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head
and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
33．Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?
A．To explain a rule. B．To clarify a concept.
C．To present a fact. D．To make a prediction.34．What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?
A．Favorable. B．Intolerant.
C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
7.D【2021·全国新高考II卷】
An Australian professor is developing a robot to monitor the health of grazing cattle, a
development that could bring big changes to a profession that's relied largely on a low-tech
approach for decades but is facing a labor shortage.
Salah Sukkarieh, a professor at the University of Sydney, sees robots as necessary given how
cattlemen are aging. He is building a four-wheeled robot that will run on solar and electric power.
It will use cameras and sensors to monitor the animals. A computer system will analyze the video
to determine whether a cow is sick. Radio tags (标签) on the animals will measure temperature
changes. The quality of grassland will be tracked by monitoring the shape, color and texture (质
地) of grass. That way, cattlemen will know whether they need to move their cattle to another field
for nutrition purposes.
Machines have largely taken over planting, watering and harvesting crops such as com and
wheat, but the monitoring of cattle has gone through fewer changes.
For Texas cattleman Pete Bonds, it's increasingly difficult to find workers interested in
watching cattle. But Bonds doesn't believe a robot is right for the job. Years of experience in the
industry - and failed attempts to use technology - have convinced him that the best way to check
cattle is with a man on a horse. Bonds, who bought his first cattle almost 50 years ago, still has
each of his cowboys inspect 300 or 400 cattle daily and look for signs that an animal is getting
sick.
Other cattlemen see more promise in robots. Michael Kelsey Paris, vice president of the
Oklahoma Cattlemen's Association, said a robot could be extremely useful given rising concerns
about cattle theft. Cattle tend to be kept in remote places and their value has risen, making them
appealing targets.
14．Why does Pete Bonds still hire cowboys to watch cattle?
A．He wants to help them earn a living. B．He thinks men can do the job better.
C．He is inexperienced in using robots. D．He enjoys the traditional way of life.
8. C【2020·全国新高考I山东卷】
In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after
seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the
country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the
Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from
Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of
the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on
his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English inCalifornia, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.
This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker
side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to
Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends
a mountain funeral(葬礼)followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is
saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a
well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are
decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel
nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid
description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
11．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To introduce a book. B．To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C．To remember a writer. D．To recommend a travel destination.
【高考预测】
纵观近几年全国高考试题，预测2023年全国高考试题还会
①Ⅰ卷在选材上继续保持知识性和趣味性，语篇长度适中，题材与体裁广泛，彰显文化特
色，重点考查考生快速获取、处理、分析信息的能力。细节理解题占总量的60%左右，难
度与上年持平，预计难度系数0.6。
②Ⅱ卷文章体裁继续延续记叙文和说明文占主体的局面，另有一篇议论文和一篇广告类说
明文。题型以细节理解题为主，推理判断题略有所增加，词义猜测题1题左右。
【解密考场】——课堂讲解突破关键能力
推理判断
解密① 如何解决引申推断题？
【解题中发现规律】
【陕西省宝鸡教育联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期教学质量检测（四）】
A slower walk as you age has always been a warning sign of increasing weakness that could
lead to falls and other disabilities, experts say. Recent research in small groups of elderly subjects
has also found that a slower walk from year to year may be an early sign of cognitive(认
知)decline. That may be due to shrinking in the right hippocampus(海马体), which is the part of
the brain connected with memory, according to studies.
Now, a new study, published in the journal JAMA Network Open, finds people who walk
about 5% slower or more each year while also exhibiting signs of slower mental processing were
most likely to develop dementia(痴呆).
The study followed a group of Americans over 65 and Australians over 70, nearly 17, 000
seniors in total, for seven years. Every other year, people in the study were asked to take cognitivetests that measured overall cognitive decline, memory, processing speed and verbal fluency.
Subjects were also asked to walk three metres twice to determine the person’s typical walking
speed.
At the end of the study, researchers found the highest risk of dementia was for “dual
decliners“, or people who not only walked more slowly but also showed some signs of cognitive
decline, said Dr. Joe Verghese, a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in Bronx,
New York, who was not involved in the study.
There are things we can do as we age to reverse(逆转) the brain shrinkage that comes along
with typical aging. Aerobic(有氧的) exercise training increased the volume of the right front
hippocampus by 2%, thus reversing age-related loss in the organ by one to two years in a 2011
clinical trial. Aerobic exercise means “with air”, and is a type of workout where heart rate and
breathing increase, but not so much that you cannot continue to function. Types of aerobic
exercise can include quick walking, swimming, biking and dancing. Non aerobic exercise includes
weightlifting, high jump, long jump, throwing, etc.
10．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Everyone should take aerobic exercise.
B．Aerobic exercise is the best way to keep healthy.
C．Aerobic exercise is most suitable for old people.
D．Taking aerobic exercise is useful to reverse age-related loss.
【我的发现】规律方法： 如何解决引申推断题？
引申推断题属于深层理解题，要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节。做此类题目关键是
要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，要忠实于原文，千万不能主观臆断，
随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。此类题目的题干一般包括六个动词：
infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)，assume(假定，设想)和
conclude(推断，做出结论)。
解密②如何解决文章来源题?
【解题中发现规律】
【山东省百校联盟大联考2022-2023学年高三上学期12月月考】
Mount Qingyuan Tourist Attraction is located in Quanzhou city, Fujian province, and is
renowned for its quiet scenery and ancient cultural landscapes.
The mountain features granite rocks(花岗岩) with the summit at 618 meters. The annual
average temperature is between 17℃ and 21.3℃, making it an ideal getaway at any time of the
year.
According to historical records, the mountain was developed as early as the Qin Dynasty
(221-206 BC). After centuries of development, there are still nine statues from the Song (960-
1279) and Yuan (1271-1368) dynasties, about 700 ruins of stone carvings and many stonestructures dating back to the Yuan and Ming (1644-1911) dynasties.
The most representative highlight of the tourist attraction is the statue of Laozi, which is
renowned for being the largest stone carving made during the Song Dynasty. Laozi is the author of
the Tao Te Ching, the founder of philosophical Taoism. The statue is a Major Historical and
Cultural Site protected at the National Level. It measures 8 meters in length, 6.85 meters in width,
and 5.63 meters in height, occupying 55 square meters.
Scenic Spot Level: AAAAA
Ideal Sightseeing Season: all year
Recommended Duration For A Visit: Half a day
Opening Hours: 5:00-18:00
Ticket Price: 70 yuan
Free admission for children under 6 years or 1.2 meters; Quanzhou residents between 60 and
70 years old; visitors over 70 years old; the military; retired public servants; and the disabled with
valid certificates (ID, passport, etc)
50 percent off ticket prices for visitors between 6 and 18 years old; full-time students;
teachers; visitors between 60 and 70 years old with valid certificates
Address: Fengze district, Quanzhou, Fujian province
Bus Routes: 3, 10, 15, 28, 30, 45, 202, 209, 601, K1
Note: Some scenic spots might close due to landslides.
3．Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A．a research report B．a local newspaper C．a nature magazine D．a travel brochure
【我的发现】规律方法：如何解决文章来源题?
做此类题目要求读者具备一定的常识，这样文章的内容才能与读者本身已具备的常识
结合起来。做此类题目应从文章的内容和结构来判断其出处。如果来源于报纸，前面一般
会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称；如果是广告，其格式很容易辨认；产品说明和药品说明
也很容易辨认。
解密③如何解决读者对象题？
【解题中发现规律】
【浙江省强基联盟2023届高三上学期12月统测】
With international travel again on the table, picking a destination for your school trip abroad
is exciting and probably a little daunting. Here we have selected a few of our top destinations to
inspire you and help you narrow down your options. Through exposure to different cultures,
students will gain a more comprehensive understanding of the world and an appreciation for other
peoples’ ways of life, not to mention that traveling with your students can be one of the most
rewarding and memorable experiences you can have.
Discover the many wonders of Prague
Known for its diverse architecture and world-class museums, Prague is consistently ranked as
one of the most beautiful cities in the world. Unfolding among well-preserved castles, Baroqueand Gothic cathedrals, medieval squares, and captivating bridges, a visit to Prague is guaranteed to
be an eye opening and enriching school trip.
Be charmed by the many sides of Edinburgh
Edinburgh’s unique architectural charm is the perfect setting to engage students in history and
culture. With a spectacular Gothic UNESCO-listed old town playing host to some of the most
dynamic and varied art schools and community projects in the world, you can discover the ancient
art of Scottish storytelling, visit unique local arts projects, dance the night way in a traditional
Ceilidh (同乐会), and get involved with some fantastic charities.
Soak up the spirit of Liston
For students, Lisbon is the perfect setting for an exciting adventure that includes authentic
Portuguese culture, fascinating architecture, and astonishing UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The
Portugoese people love sharing their unique homeland, so be prepared to be greeted by a friendly
smile from a local.
Get sustainability inspiration in Copenhagen
Well-known for being a multicultural center, Copemhagen ls across the globe for the
innovative approach to sustainable living — from growing organic produce in many urban
greenhouses to promoting cycling culture. This fascinating school trip destination is filled with the
newest technologies, sustainable solutions, and symbolic architecture.
3．Who is the text intended for?
A．Educators. B．Students.
C．Parents. D．Visitors.
【我的发现】规律方法：如何解决读者对象题？
做此类题目通常从文章内容入手，明确所谈话题及具体内容，体会作者使用的语言适合于
哪一群体，这样才能根据文章的特点对号入座，从而得出正确判断。
解密④如何解决观点态度题？
12.【2020·全国I】
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely
contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer
Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But
the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and
one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes
race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of
exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most
calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800
calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking,
although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says.
According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per
step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body
weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are
uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the
ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the
sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or
experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.306
Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?
A．Skeptical. B．Objective.
C．Tolerant. D．Conservative.
规律方法：如何解决观点态度题？
做此类题目必须透过文章的字面意义去理解。作者的态度和观点无非也就是三种：支
持、赞同、乐观；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观；中立、客观。作者的态度和观点常用一些形
容词、副词和不定意义的动词来表达，如possible, impossible, seem, strange等。这时需要
注意的是：一定要理清作者所列举的事例与其观点、态度是一致的还是相反的。有些文章
作者的观点态度隐含在文章的字里行间，需要通读全文，才能做出正确的判断。注意熟悉
一些常见的有关作者情感、态度的词语。
褒义词有：supportive(支持的)；positive(积极的)；optimistic(乐观的)；enthusiastic(热
情的)等。
贬义词有：negative(否定的，消极的)；ironic(讽刺的)；critical(批评的)；disgusted(厌
恶的)；disappointed(失望的)等。
中性词有：indifferent(漠不关心的)；uninterested(不感兴趣的)；objective(客观的)；
neutral(中立的)等。
解密⑤如何解决预测推断题？
【四川省内江市重点中学2022-2023学年高三上学期一诊】
Nine years ago, a few days before Christmas, I was a director at a company in San Francisco,
and I was called into a meeting that was already in progress. That meeting turned out to be my exit
interview. I was 64 years old at the time. It wasn’t completely unexpected. I signed a pile of papers
and left the company.
So, 40 plus years of employment was over. I had a good reputation and background.
Retirement was not a choice for me. I wanted to do something. And then an idea came into my
mind, born from my concern for our environment. I wanted to build my own business, designing
and producing biodegradable(可生物降解的)packaging from waste. This is called clean
technology, and it was really meaningful to me. It could help reduce billions of pounds of single-
use plastic packaging wasted each year.Five years later, I’m delighted and proud to share with you that our income has doubled every
year and we have no debt. Meanwhile, I have a wonderful partner, and we’ve won more than 20
awards for the work that we’ve done.
And I am doing the most rewarding and meaningful work of my life right now. But what I
really long for is to find other first-time entrepreneurs(企业家)who are my age. I want to connect
with them.
So I want to do something about that in a few years. I want us to start talking more about
people who don’t become entrepreneurs until they are seniors. And then connecting all of them
across industries, regions and countries—building a community.
35．What is the author’s attitude to the development of his own company?
A．Cautious. B．Disappointed. C．Ambiguous. D．Positive.
36．What does the author plan to do in the future?
A．To do something else about environment.
B．To help people who want to become successful.
C．To meet more people from different backgrounds.
D．To build a community for senior entrepreneurs.
规律方法：如何解决预测推断题？
有些题目要求根据语篇，对事件可能的结局或下一段可能涉及的内容等进行猜测推理。
做此类题目时，务必把握作者的写作思路，如文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按
因果关系、对比关系来叙述，从而做出比较科学的、合情合理的预测判断。特别要注意文
章最后一段的内容及最后几句话。
解密⑥如何解决目的意图题？
【解题中发现规律】
【四川省内江市重点中学2022-2023学年高三上学期一诊】
Known as GC-1, the drug reportedly speeds up metabolism（新陈代谢）, or burning off, of
fat cells. “GC-1 dramatically increases the metabolic rate, essentially transforming white fat,
which stores extra calories and is associated with obesity and metabolic disease, into a fat like
calorie-burning brown fat,” said Kevin Phillips, a researcher in Houston.
Until several years ago, scientists thought that only animals and human babies have energy-
burning, "good" brown fat. “It is now clear,” Phillips said, “that human adults do have brown fat,
but appear to lose its calorie-burning activity over time.” White fat has a bad effect on people
when the body has too much of it. Some published research shows that people who have more
brown fat have a reduced risk of obesity. Researchers are now working on ways to “brown” white
fat, or change it into brown fat.
GC-1 works, according to Phillips. He said he and other researchers have tested the drug in
hundreds of mice. Obese mice, both genetically obese and those with diet-induced obesity,
received GC-1 treatment daily. Genetically obese mice lost weight and more than 50 percent oftheir fat mass in approximately two weeks, Phillips reported. He said mice with diet-induced
obesity experienced similar improvements. The drug also caused adaptive thermogenes（适应性
发热）in fat cells from mice. Cells grown in a dish, as well as tissue samples taken from obese
mice, showed evidence of white-fat browning. “Our data prove that GC-1 is a novel fat-browning
agent that may have use in the treatment of obesity and metabolic disease,”Phillips said.
The drug has not yet been tested for weight loss in humans. However, Phillips said it
wouldn’t be long before it was used as a way of losing weight.
21．What is the writer's purpose of writing this passage?
A．To prove the harm of a new drug.
B．To introduce a new drug to people.
C．To explain the development of a new drug.
D．To inform people of some health knowledge.
【我的发现】规律方法：如何解决目的意图题？
常见的设问方式：
What is the main purpose of the author writing the text?
The purpose of the text is to get more people to _______.
The writer of the story wants to tell us that________.
The fact…is mentioned by the author to show________.
The author writers the last paragraph in order to ________.
写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作
手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读
者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者
阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。
一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语
气来推断出作者的写作意图。
