文档内容
主题对接教材
选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 People of achievement；Unit 5 Working the land；
人教版
选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Science and scientists
译林版 必修第三册 Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world
北师大版 必修第二册 Unit 6 The admirable
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．doctorate n．博士学位
2．artemisinin n．[药]青蒿素
3．botanical adj.植物学的
4．malaria n．疟疾
5．extract n．提取物；摘录 vt.提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出
6．substance n．物质；物品；事实根据；内容；重要性
7．patent n．专利权；专利证书 vt.获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的
8．authority n．权威；权力；官方
9．institute n．(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑
10．professor n．教授
11．mourn vt.& vi.哀悼；忧伤
12．data n．数据，资料，材料
13．numerous adj.众多的；许多的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．genius n．(pl.geniuses)天才；天资；天赋
2．flee vi.& vt.(fled，fled)迅速离开；逃跑
3．standout adj.突出的 n．突出的人(或物)
4．remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的5．crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的
6．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
7．extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的
8．warm-hearted adj.热心肠的
9．liquid n．液体 adj.液体的；液态的
10．boil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n．沸腾；沸点
11．obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得，赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行；沿袭
12．easy-going adj.随和的；温和宽容的
13．outspoken adj.直言的；坦诚的
14．circumstance n．[usually pl.]条件；环境；状况
15．found vt.创建；建立；把……建立在
16．severe adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的
17．theory n．理论；学说
18．credit n．赞扬，认可；信用 vt.存入金额；把……归功于
19．conduct vt.& vi.组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止
20．publish vt.出版，发行；发表；公布
21．charge vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n．收费；控告；
谴责；掌管
22．encounter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅；遭遇
23．draft n．草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟
24．experiment n．实验，试验；尝试，实践 vi.做试验，进行实验；尝试
25．postpone vt.延迟，延期
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．objective n．目的，目标 adj.客观的→objectively adv.客观地
2．gradual adj.逐渐的；渐进的→gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地
3．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→acknowledgement n．承认；感谢
4．apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然→apparent adj.明显的；清晰可见的；表面上的
5．infer(inferred，inferred) vt.推断，推定→inference n．推断；推理
6．hope n．& v．希望；期望→hopeful adj.怀有希望的；有希望的→hopeless adj.没有希望
的；令人绝望的
7．self n．自我；自身→selfish adj.自私的→selfless adj.无私的；忘我的→selflessness n．
无私；忘我→selfishness n．自私自利
8．commit vt.做出(错事或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等)；承诺；保证；花(钱或时间) vi.忠于(某
个人、机构等)；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信
的→commitment n．投入；奉献；承诺；忠诚9．academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj.学业的；
学术的
10．evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluation n．评价；评估
11．analyse(NAmE -ze) vt.分析→analysis(pl.analyses) n．分析
12．scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家
13．declare vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报→declaration n．宣称；公布，宣布
14．novelist n．小说家→novel n．(长篇)小说adj.新颖的；新奇的
15．politician n．政治家；从政者；政客→politics n．政治→political adj.政治的
16．responsible adj.有责任的；负责的→responsibility n．责任，负责；职责，义务
→responsibly adv.可信赖地；负责地
17．passion n．酷爱；激情→passionate adj.具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的
18．contribute vi.& vt.有助于，促成；贡献；投稿；捐助→contribution n．促成作用；贡献；
出资；捐赠；捐赠物；稿件
19．curious adj.好奇的；求知欲强的→curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲→curiously adv.好奇地
20．intend vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指→intended adj.计划的；为……设计或打算的
→intention n．打算
1．physiology n．生理学；生理机能
2．intellectual adj.脑力的；有才智的 n．知识分子；脑力劳动者
3．qualification n．资格
4．capable adj.有能力的，有才能的
5．diligent adj.勤奋的
6．straightforward adj.坦率的
7．thoughtful adj.考虑周到的
8．limited adj.有限的
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth)承诺；保证做某事
2．insist on坚决要求
3．take up 拿起；占据；开始从事；接受
4．come to power(开始)掌权；上台
5．sum up总结；概括
6．be strict with...对……严格
7．speed up(使)加速
8．through trial and error反复试验
9．with a bang很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响10．be sentenced to 被判处……(徒刑)
11．as to关于，至于
12．put forward提出，提议，建议
13．by accident偶然，意外地
14．with the objective of 带着……的目的
15．manage to do sth 设法做某事
16．have a passion for对……有强烈的爱好
17．succeed in doing...成功做……
18．be intended for/to do sth为……打算(或设计)的；旨在……；预定……用途
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．倍数表达法(be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than)
Our great designer，Mr Green，designed a new stadium which is three times larger than the
playground.
我们伟大的设计师格林先生设计了一座比操场大三倍的新体育场。
2．it作形式主语
It is indeed an honour for Tu Youyou’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be
spread around the world.
对屠呦呦的科学研究和中医药来说，走向世界确实是一种荣誉。
3．It is/was...that...强调句型
It was through the unique experience that I realized that the outstanding professor had made great
contributions to our country.
正是通过这次独特的经历，我意识到这位杰出的教授对我们的国家做出了巨大贡献。
4．the first...to do...
Neil Armstrong was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969.
1969年7月，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗成为第一个登上月球的人。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分)
1．doctorate n．博士学位
2．artemisinin n． [ 药 ] 青蒿素
3．botanical adj.植物学的
4．substance n．物质；物品；事实根据；内容；重要性
5．patent n．专利权；专利证书 vt.获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的
6．authority n．权威；权力；官方
7．institute n． ( 教育、专业等 ) 机构；机构建筑8．data n．数据，资料，材料
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共14分)
1．standout adj.突出的 n．突出的人(或物)
2．remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的
3．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的
4．extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的
5．warm-hearted adj.热心肠的
6．obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得，赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行；沿袭
7．easy-going adj.随和的；温和宽容的
8．outspoken adj.直言的；坦诚的
9．severe adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的
10．credit n．赞扬，认可；信用 vt.存入金额；把……归功于
11．conduct vt.& vi.组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止
12．charge vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n．收费；控告；
谴责；掌管
13．encounter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅；遭遇
14．postpone vt.延迟，延期
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→acknowledgement n．承认；感谢
2．evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluation n．评价；评估
3．analyse vt.分析→analysis n．分析
4．passion n．酷爱，激情→passionate adj.具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的
5．intend vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指→intended adj.计划的；为……设计或打算的→intention
n．打算
6．apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然→apparent adj.明显的；清晰可见的；表面上的
7．novelist n．小说家→novel n．(长篇)小说 adj.新颖的；新奇的
8．declare vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报→declaration n．宣称；公布，宣布
9．infer vt.推断，推定→inference n．推断；推理
10．hope n．& v．希望；期望→hopeful adj.怀有希望的；有希望的→hopeless adj.没有希
望的；令人绝望的
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．thoughtful adj.考虑周到的
2．straightforward adj.坦率的
3．intellectual adj.有才智的；脑力的 n．知识分子；脑力劳动者
4．diligent adj.勤奋的5．capable adj.有能力的，有才能的
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．by accident 偶然，意外地
2．insist on 坚决要求
3．take up 拿起；占据；开始从事；接受
4．sum up 总结；概括
5．succeed in doing...成功做……
6．speed up(使)加速
7．put forward 提出，提议，建议
8．as to 关于，至于
9．manage to do sth 设法做某事
10．have a passion for 对……有强烈的爱好
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共16分)
1．Committed to education，he committed every minute to studying and teaching，so his
commitment finally paid off.(commit)
2．He is selfless and makes great achievements.Therefore，he is elected as a role model in our
community because of his selflessness and achievements.(self)
3．Albert Einstein is considered one of the greatest scientists in modern physics and has made
numerous scientific achievements.(scientific)
4．Through my great efforts，I obtained an academic qualification at the Chinese Academy of
Sciences.(academy)
5．He shows great interest in politics and has a good knowledge of political events and
politicians at home and abroad.(politician)
6．Tu Youyou has made great contributions to the discovery of artemisinin which contributes to
the treatment for malaria.(contribute)
7．He was curious about the major in university but once he studied it curiously，he found it
couldn’t satisfy his curiosity.(curious)
8．Now that you have grown up，you should be responsible for what you are doing and it is your
responsibility to set an example to your future generation.(responsible)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．Mandela was arrested in 1962 and he was sentenced to five years’ imprisonment with hard
labour.
2．The party came to power at the last election and the majority of people supported it.
3．My parents are strict with me and don’t permit me to spend much time on computer games.4．In 1967，the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering
a new treatment for malaria，and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.
5．I think as a Communist Party member it is very important that we should be faithful and
commit ourselves to serving the people.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共12分)
1．卡尔·本茨是世界上第一个发明汽车的人。(the first...to do...)
Karl Benz was the first man to invent the car in the world.
2．经过五年的努力，他发明了一台比之前快三倍的机器。(倍数表达法)
After five years of hard work，he invented a machine which was three times faster than the
previous one.
3．正是这位杰出的科学家黄大年取得了许多技术进步。(强调句型)
It was the outstanding scientist Huang Danian who/that made many technological advances.
4．黄大年为他的研究牺牲了一切，所以让他为更多的人所熟悉至关重要。(it作形式主语)
Huang Danian sacrificed everything for his research，so it is vital to make him familiar to more
people.
Madame Curie
Being an extraordinary female genius，Madame Curie managed 1.to discover(discover)
two kinds of radioactive elements，which were vital to science.2.It was widely acknowledged
that she was born in Poland in 1867.Distinct from other girls，she had a strong passion 3.for
science and committed her whole life to 4.scientific(science) research.After
5.graduating/graduation(graduate) from high school，she took up a position as a tutor.In 1891，
she 6.was admitted(admit) to Paris University,7.where she achieved great academic performances
and became the first woman professor.Under unbearable circumstances，she and her husband
spared no effort to analyze and evaluate pitchblende(沥青铀矿) with the objective of
extracting radioactive elements.Despite numerous failures，under no circumstances 8.did(do)
the couple acknowledge defeat.Using flow charts，collecting useful data and summing up
9.what they had studied，the couple finally drew a 10.conclusion(conclude) that polonium and
radium did exist，which played crucial roles in nature.In 1911，Madame Curie obtained the
Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
In 1934，Madame Curie passed away and the whole world mourned the great loss of a
remarkable scientist.
charge v．收费；控告；充电；(向……)冲 n．收费；指控；主管•charge sb with (doing) sth＝accuse sb of (doing) sth 指控某人犯……罪
charge sb money for sth 因某事/物收某人钱
charge at向……发起冲锋，扑向
•free of charge＝for free免费
in charge of掌管(表状态)
take charge of掌管(表动作)
in the charge of被……掌管；由……负责
(1)We have enough evidence and confidence to charge you with abuse of power during your work
in this institute.
(2)The generous owner of the pub charged us only a small amount of money for wine and beer.
(3)上周我们就市民是否可以免费使用科学博物馆展开了热烈的争论。(议论文写作)
Last week we had a heated debate about whether citizens can access the Science Museum free of
charge/for free.
(4)我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍一位对我国做出杰出贡献的历史人物。
I will be in charge of/take charge of a theme class meeting designed to introduce a historical figure
who made great contributions to our country to foreigners.
acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢(acknowledgement n．承认；感谢)
acknowledge sb/sth to be/as...认为某人/物是……；承认某人/物是……
acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做了某事
acknowledge that...承认……
It is universally/widely acknowledged that...……是大家公认的。
(1)We hoped Tom would never acknowledge being defeated/having been defeated(defeat) in the
contest，and that he could settle all the problems he encountered.
(2)Yang Liwei is acknowledged as one of the greatest astronauts who have made numerous
contributions to our country.
(3)我感谢我的英语老师的指导，如果没有他的指导，我就不可能在英语方面取得这么大的
进步。(应用文写作之感谢信)
I acknowledge the guidance of my English teacher，without which I couldn’t have made such
great progress in English.
(4)大家普遍认为屠呦呦是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。
It is universally/widely acknowledged that Tu Youyou is one of the greatest scientists in the world.
commit vt.做出(错事或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等)；承诺；保证；花(钱或时间) vi.忠于
(某个人、机构等)；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)(committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的commitment n．投入；奉献；承诺；忠诚)
•commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth)承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
commit sth to (doing) sth将……(时间或精力)投入(做)某事中
•be committed to (doing) sth/commit oneself to (doing) sth 致力于(做)某事
(1)He is committed to studying on a daily basis.I deeply believe that his commitment(commit)
will pay off sooner or later.
(2)As a committed(commit) and patient scientist，she never acknowledged defeat whatever
difficulties she met.
(3)我在这么多人面前犯了一个愚蠢的错误，窘得满脸通红。(读后续写之尴尬心理描写)
I committed a silly mistake in front of so many people，my face red with embarrassment.
(4)我强烈建议你每天花一个小时读英语，这将逐渐提高你的英语口语。同时，你最好保证
经常在家练习说英语。(应用文写作之建议信)
I strongly suggest that you (should) commit one hour to reading English every day，which will
gradually improve your spoken English.Meanwhile ， you’d better commit yourself to
practise/practising speaking English regularly at home.
curious adj.好奇的；求知欲强的(curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲 curiously adv.好奇地)
•be curious about...对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth 极想做某事
•out of curiosity出于好奇
with curiosity(＝curiously)好奇地
(1)If you are curious about the scientific discovery of artemisinin，you mustn’t miss this
excellent opportunity to read the article related to Tu Youyou!
(2)“What if he doesn’t come tomorrow？” the girl asked with curiosity.
(3)Having listened to the famous artist’s speech ， he kept asking many questions out of
curiosity(curious)．
(4)我很想得到这个成为我们学校英语协会志愿者的机会。(应用文写作之申请信)
I am curious to get the chance to be a volunteer of the English Association of our school.
intend vt.& vi.打算；计划，想要；意指[intended adj.计划的；为……打算(或设计)的
intention n．目的；意图；打算]
•intend to do/doing sth 打算做某事
intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事
had intended to do sth (＝intended to have done sth)本打算做某事(但事实上没做)•be intended for专门为……准备/打算；专为……而设计
be intended to do sth 打算做某事
•with an/the intention of抱有……的目的；打算……
(1)They had intended to remove(remove) the culture gap in understanding each other by a dinner
party.
(2)The Spoken English Club is known for its colorful activities intended for excellent oral
English.Next Saturday the club intends its members to deliver(deliver) inspiring speeches in the
lecture hall.(2022·天津6月，书面表达)
(3)The association intends taking/to take(take) measures to help teenagers in mountain areas
improve their oral English.
(4)英文报Youth中的许多专栏是专门为高中生设计的，旨在丰富我们单调的校园生活。
(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
Many columns of the English newspaper Youth are specially intended for senior high school
students with an/the intention of enriching our boring campus life.
come to power(开始)掌权；上台
come across(偶然)遇见，碰见；被理解
come about发生(无被动形式)
come on加油；到来；得了吧
come out出版；结果是；(花)开放
come up走近；上来；被提及
come up with提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等)
When it comes to...当谈及……
用come短语的正确形式填空
(1)Can you explain how it came about that she heard our conversation by accident?
(2)My assistant’s first novel came out，which made me proud of him.
(3)When it comes to English learning ， I have the following practical suggestions to
share.Firstly ， when you come across unfamiliar words ， don’t always refer to the
dictionary.Furthermore，when teachers’ questions come up in class，you should try to come
up with answers.Lastly，if you fail，you must say to yourself，“Come on！”(应用文写作之
建议信)
倍数表达法 Our great designer，Mr Green，designed a new stadium which is three
times larger than the playground.我们伟大的设计师格林先生设计了一座比操场大三倍的新体育场。
常见的倍数表达法有以下四种：
•A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as＋B
•A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than＋B
•A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length...)＋of＋B
•A＋be＋倍数＋what从句，表示“A是……的多少倍”
(1)The engineer has devoted three times as much time and energy as he did before，so he
believes he is sure to succeed.
(2)The data shows that the railway is three times the length of that one.
(3)The number of students now in this school is four times what it was ten years ago.
(4)我市正在建设的新体育场将是目前这个体育场的三倍大。
The new stadium being built in our city will be three times as big as/twice bigger than/three times
the size of the present one.
Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．contribute to
(1)If you want to contribute to our newspaper，please send me your article before the deadline.
B
(2)They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.(2023·浙江
1月) C
(3)Eating too much fat contributes to heart disease and causes high blood pressure. A
2．put forward
(1)Put your watch forward；it’s five minutes slow. D
(2)I think the painter is fit for the position；therefore，I’ll put him forward as a candidate. B
(3)They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week. A
(4)During the three days several similar clues about the murder have been put forward. C
3．take up
(1)Peter will take up his post as the receiver of the travel agency at the end of next month. B
(2)This chapter takes up where the last one left off. C
(3)Standing at the door of the restaurant，we tried to find a table for seven，but they were all
taken up. D(4)I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works
online.(2023·新课标Ⅱ) A
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)Tu Youyou discovered a novel method to extract the useful substance.新颖的
(2)The invention of the industrial robot is credited to that company. 把 …… 归功于
(3)Many years have passed，and this custom still obtains in some areas of England. ( 规章、风俗
等 ) 存在，流行
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Committed(commit) to scientific research，the old professor couldn’t spare any time to go on
holiday.
2．Knowing that you have a passion for science，I’d like to invite you to participate in this
experiment.
3．I had to acknowledge being(be) anxious whenever I conducted an experiment in the lab on my
own.
4．To sum up，we can not only tackle the problem in this scientific manner but also give a report
on it.
5．They show great curiosity(curious) about what is going on in the lab.
6．It is apparent that the ability to talk is something that marks humans off from animals.
7．It was in this city that I came across the great scientist.
8．Peter had intended(intend) to be a scientist like Newton，but abandoned the plan after the
unpleasant experience in Canada last year.
9．You can master Chinese as quickly as possible only when you insist on putting what you have
learnt into use.
10．The manager decided to postpone launching(launch) the new product for some reason.
11 ． But being an ambitious ， optimistic and responsible student ， I managed to
motivate(motivate) myself to step out of my comfort zone.
12．It is crucial that he should get some reliable information before making inferences(infer)．
13．Although he is strict with me，he listens to me patiently and is willing to help when I
encounter difficulties.
14．This cafe is three times bigger(big) than that one，so it attracts a lot more customers.
2023·全国甲
你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.人物简介及事迹；2.意义或启示。
完成句子
1．在我看来，在被广泛认可的中国历史人物中，范仲淹是最具影响力的。(acknowledge)
2．范仲淹是宋代著名的文学家和政治家，他对社会做出了巨大的贡献，受到了人们的高度
评价。(politician；make contributions to)
3．他坚持建立国家学校制度，这对中国的教育制度产生了深远的影响。(insist on)
4．给我印象最深的是他著名的人生哲学：“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。” (强调
句；the first...to do...)
5．范仲淹是如此棒的一个榜样，他始终激励我致力于做一个有社会责任感的人。(commit
oneself to...)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged，Fan Zhongyan is the
most influential in my opinion.
Known as a famous writer and politician in the Song Dynasty，Fan Zhongyan was spoken
highly of by people，because he made great contributions to society.For example，he insisted on
establishing a national school system ， which had a far-reaching influence on the Chinese
educational system.Besides，it is his famous philosophy of life that impresses me most: “Be the
first to worry about the troubles across the land，the last to enjoy universal happiness.”
Fan Zhongyan is such a great role model that he always encourages me to commit myself to
being a man with a sense of social responsibility.
语料积累 外貌细节描写：身材、皮肤
skinny adj.皮包骨的 slim adj.苗条的 stout adj.肥胖的 overweight adj.超重的，
单词
过度肥胖的 well built adj.身强力壮的，体格健美的 middle-sized adj.中等身材的wrinkled adj.有皱纹的 freckled adj.有雀斑的 ruddy adj.红润的 dark adj.黝黑的
fair adj.白皙的
sunburned adj.晒得黝黑而好看的
a skinny/slim figure瘦削/苗条的身材 a handsome/striking figure仪表堂堂 a well
built person身材魁梧的人 a man with a big belly大腹便便的人 a person with an
词块 average build中等身材的人
a lady walking in grace走路优雅的女士 of medium/average height中等身高
sun-kissed skin晒黑的皮肤 weather-beaten face饱经风霜的脸
1.Before us was a gentle old lady whose wrinkled face formed a portrait of beauty.
站在我们面前的是一位温文尔雅的老太太，她那布满皱纹的脸却无比的美丽。
2．There is still a heart of loving beauty under her wrinkled face.
在她布满皱纹的脸庞下仍有一颗爱美的心。
3．She sat there，speechless and numb with shock.She remembered her mother’s
familiar face and weather-beaten hands.
她坐在那里，说不出话来，吓得麻木了。她想起母亲那张熟悉的面孔和她饱经风霜
的双手。
句型 4．She retains her slim figure and is free of wrinkles.她保持着苗条的身材，脸上也
没有皱纹。
5．He was of average height and average build，with mousy hair and a forgettable
face.
他中等身高，中等身材，留着灰褐色头发，长着一张过目即忘的脸。
6．A figure in a blue dress appeared in the doorway.一个穿着蓝色连衣裙的身影出现
在门口。
7．Jenny is pretty and of slim build，with blue eyes.珍妮非常漂亮，身材苗条，有一
双蓝色的眼睛。
语料运用 Indeed，① his sunburned face ， arms and his slim but strong body are just like those
of millions of Chinese farmers ， for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.He
②committed all his life to studying rice.He always ③insisted on his dream and wouldn’t
④acknowledge defeat whatever difficulties he encountered.⑤Acknowledged as one of the greatest
scientists(分词作状语) in agriculture，Yuan Longping passed away in Changsha on May
22,2021.It was drizzling as if ⑥it were mourning the great loss of the gentle extraordinary
scientist(虚拟条件句)．Overcome with sorrow，many Chinese people cried their hearts out，
tears flowing down cheeks uncontrollably.
事实上，他被晒黑的脸、手臂以及他瘦长而结实的身体，就像数百万中国农民一样，在过去
的50年里，他一直在为他们奋斗。他毕生致力于研究水稻。他总是坚持自己的梦想，无论遇到什么困难都不会认输。袁隆平被公认为农业界最伟大的科学家之一，于2021年5月22
日在长沙去世。细雨蒙蒙，仿佛在哀悼失去了这位温和非凡的科学家。许多中国人悲痛欲绝，
眼泪情不自禁地顺着脸颊往下流。
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Born in 1940 in Nyeri，Kenya，Wangari Maathai spent her childhood in the Kenyan
countryside and her young adult life in the United States.She studied biology at Mount
St.Scholastica College in Kansas，and then obtained a master’s degree from the University of
Pittsburgh.After returning to Kenya and pursuing her PhD at the University of Nairobi，Wangari
became the first woman in East Africa to receive a doctor’s degree.
In the 1970s ， Wangari was an active member of the National Council of Women of
Kenya.Women came to the council in part to search for solutions to the environmental problems—
deforestation and desertification had caused many of the resources women relied on for food and
clean water to decrease.
Fuelled by her knowledge of biology and her passion for helping others，Wangari decided to
take action.Wangari had two goals in mind：to help restore environmental resources and give
women the ability to support their families in a self-sufficient，sustainable way.To achieve her
goals，she came up with a practical but impactful idea：to plant trees.The trees would reduce the
effects of deforestation，in addition to providing food and firewood for local families.Wangari’s
plan inspired the formation of the Green Belt Movement in 1977，an organisation dedicated to
environmental conservation and poverty reduction in Kenya.
As the Green Belt Movement grew ，Wangari began to focus on several different but
interconnected causes：environmental conservation and human rights.In the late 1980s，she called
on her community to oppose the construction of a skyscraper(摩天大楼) in Uhuru Park，
Nairobi’s central public space.In 1999，she led a protest against the privatisation of Karura
Forest in Nairobi ， during which Green Belt Movement members were beaten by private
guards.Despite facing ongoing opposition and even danger，Wangari’s belief in her work was
never shaken.
Wangari served on the boards of countless environmental organisations ，and spoke to
members of the United Nations.Due to her tireless work，Wangari received the Nobel Peace Prize
in 2004.
语篇解读 本文是一篇人物传记。文章讲述了肯尼亚的社会活动家、“绿带运动”的发起人
旺加里·马塔伊的人生经历。1．What do we know about Wangari Maathai?
A．She had a hard childhood in Kenya.
B．She acquired an excellent education.
C．She was the first woman to get a degree.
D．She came back to Kenya due to her job.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，旺加里·马塔伊有着良好的教育背景。故
选B。
2．What contributed to the foundation of the Green Belt Movement?
A．Wangari’s family’s support.
B．Wangari’s achievements in biology.
C．Wangari’s tree-planting idea.
D．Wangari’s desire to fight world poverty.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To achieve her goals，she came up with a practical but
impactful idea：to plant trees.”和“Wangari’s plan inspired the formation of the Green Belt
Movement in 1977”可知，是旺加里种树的想法促成了“绿带运动”的创立。故选C。
3．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．Wangari’s efforts to expand her influence.
B．Wangari’s ways to fight for human rights.
C．Wangari’s strategies to establish a reputation.
D．Wangari’s plans to handle growing opposition.
答案 A
解析 段落大意题。根据第四段首句“As the Green Bell Movement grew，Wongari began to
focus on several different but interconnected causes：environmental conservation and human
rights.”并综合全段信息可知，第四段主要是讲旺加里为了扩大自己的影响力而做出的努力。
故选A。
4．Which of the following best describes Wangari Maathai?
A．Honest and hard-working.
B．Patient and unselfish.
C．Considerate and generous.
D．Determined and inspiring.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite facing ongoing opposition and even danger，
Wangari’s belief in her work was never shaken.”可知，旺加里是个意志坚定的人；综合她的各种人生经历可知，她还是个鼓舞人心的人。故选D。
B
He Zehui，a Chinese nuclear physicist，accomplished great things in physics and became an
outstanding scientist.
Her family is famous for producing three famous women scientists ，including her two
sisters.She graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936 with a degree in physics，and then went
on to study at the Technical University of Berlin ，where she was the top in her class ，
outperforming her future husband Qian Sanqiang—China’s “father of the atomic bomb”．In
1940，she earned a PhD in Engineering.
The couple made great discoveries in the field of uranium fission(铀核裂变)，which drew
global attention and earned them worldwide reputations ， also marking a milestone in the
development of China’s experimental fission physics.Many Western media called the couple the
“Marie Curie and Pierre Curie of China”．
As one of the pioneers in nuclear science and technology in China，Professor He contributed
a great deal to nuclear physics.During the 1950s，she started the research and development of
nuclear emulsions(核乳胶) in China and their research reached the advanced world level at that
time.She and her research group took the lead in building China’s first nuclear reactor and
accelerator.She was awarded the first Award of the National Prize of Natural Sciences for making
outstanding achievements in supporting the national program of nuclear weapon development.
Throughout her career，she conquered many obstacles，and was always on the front line of
China’s science-related work.She published dozens of papers yet placed little value on personal
fame.The world’s top physicists recognized her as a famous scientist，“Chinese Madame
Curie”．
She passed away in Beijing in 2011 at the age of 97，nearly 20 years after Qian Sanqiang.She
dedicated herself to science，living a simple life，always nurturing young researchers and
maintaining the highest standards that she had always valued.She loved her country and science；
to both she is now an icon.
5．What is the focus of paragraph 2 about He Zehui?
A．Identity background.
B．Character personalities.
C．Education experiences.
D．Profession competence.
答案 C
解析 段落大意题。根据第二段中的“She graduated from Tsinghua University...In 1940，she
earned a PhD in Engineering.”可知，本段主要介绍何泽慧的教育经历。故选C。6．What do we know about Qian Sanqiang?
A．He died following his wife in 1991.
B．He won the National Prize of Natural Sciences.
C．He assisted He Zehui to develop fission physics.
D．He is also a remarkable Chinese scientist.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...her future husband Qian Sanqiang—China’s
‘father of the atomic bomb’．”和第三段介绍的夫妻俩的成就可知，其丈夫钱三强也是我
国一位伟大的科学家。故选D。
7．Why is He Zehui acknowledged as “Marie Curie of China”？
A．For her great contributions to nuclear physics.
B．For her accomplishment in the atomic bomb.
C．For her continuous achievement in natural science.
D．For her research of nuclear emulsions.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句和第四段第一句可知，何泽慧因对核物理科学作出
了巨大贡献而被称为“中国的居里夫人”。故选A。
8．How can we fittingly describe He Zehui?
A．Ambitious，talented，conservative and determined.
B．Unselfish，patriotic，indifferent to fame and devoted to science.
C．Aggressive，imaginative，strong in mind and kind in heart.
D．Knowledgeable，awesome，creative and sociable.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“She published dozens of papers yet placed little
value on personal fame.”和最后一段中的“She dedicated herself to science，living a simple
life...loved her country and science...”可知，何泽慧无私、爱国、淡泊名利、献身于科学事业，
有极高的科研素养。故选B。
C
(2024·广东湛江期中)
The third-generation hybrid rice which was developed by Yuan Longping，the “father of
hybrid rice”，and his team underwent its first public yield(产量) monitoring from Monday to
Tuesday and achieved high output.The final yield of the tested variety，G3-1S/P19，came to
1046.3 kg per mu(about 667 square meters)，based on two plots of land in Qingzhu Village under
the city of Hengyang in central China’s Hunan Province.
“Some previous high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in China took 160 to even 180 days fromsowing to harvesting，while the figure was shortened to around 125 days for the new variety.This
is one of the most important characteristics of the third-generation hybrid rice that can reduce the
use of pesticides and fertilizers，thus reducing cost and improving production efficiency，” said
Qian Qian，the deputy director of the China National Rice Research Institute.
Unlike the previous two generations that required a large amount of water and fertilizers as
well as demanding growing conditions and technological support，the third-generation hybrid rice
is easier to be cultivated by ordinary farmers.So the soil，altitude and climate of the test site were
not “ideal conditions” carefully selected beforehand but were close to the paddies of ordinary
farmers.
Nowadays，China’s average yield of rice is about 500 kg per mu.Ordinary farmers can
produce 600 kg to 700 kg of rice per mu by growing some excellent second-generation hybrid rice
varieties.However，under the same planting conditions and environment，the yield of the third-
generation hybrid rice could reach 800 kg per mu.China now feeds around 20 percent of the
world’s population with less than 9 percent of the world’s arable land.
At present，Yuan’s team has nine third-generation hybrid rice combinations under trial，
which are expected to achieve commercial seed production in the following three to four years，
and hopes to apply the technology into the research of sea rice.The third-generation hybrid rice has
the comprehensive strength to promote a greener and more sustainable development of China’s
rice production with higher quality and yield.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平及其团队开发的
第三代杂交水稻经历了首次产量监测并取得了高产。
9．What feature of the new hybrid rice does Qian Qian mainly talk about?
A．It effectively conserves a substantial amount of water.
B．It successfully achieves an increased production or harvest of crops.
C．It vastly preserves a significant amount of agricultural land.
D．It has a significantly decreased duration for the cultivation process.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，第三代杂交水稻从播种到收割缩短到了 125天
左右，由此可知，第三代杂交水稻的特点是种植周期短。故选D。
10．Why is the new hybrid rice not tested in ideal areas?
A．The ordinary farmers master planting technology.
B．The researchers want to reduce the experiment cost.
C．The growing conditions the new hybrid rice needs are simple.
D．The previous rice farming provides researchers with experience.
答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，第三代杂交水稻更容易种植，所以试验点并不是事先
精心挑选的“理想条件”。由此可推出，第三代杂交水稻所需的种植条件非常简单。故选
C。
11．What does the underlined word “arable” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Cultivable. B．Unsuitable.
C．Sustainable. D．Unusable.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据上文可知，在相同的种植条件和环境下，第三代杂交水稻的产量可
以达到每亩800公斤，说明中国尽管拥有相对较少的可耕种土地，却能生产足够的粮食。故
选A。
12．Which one could be the best title of the text?
A．The Development of China’s Rice
B．The Contribution of the Great Scientist
C．The High Yield of the New Hybrid Rice
D．The Way to Feed the World’s Population
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段末句可知，本文主要介绍了由“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平及其
团队开发的第三代高产杂交水稻。C项“新型杂交水稻的高产”为短文最佳标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
The 24-year-old female commander(指挥员) Zhou Chengyu has been a heated topic on Weibo
since the Chinese state media highlighted her as one of the women involved in the successful
launch of the Chang’e 5 lunar probe(月球探测器) on 24 November.Social media users have been
referring to her as a “source of pride” for the country. 1 Several people jokingly reflected
on their own achievements，commenting how far behind in life they were in comparison.
Starting in 2004 ， the Chang’e Programme consists of three
stages：“orbiting”，“landing” and “returning”． 2 In December 2013，the goal of
China’s first soft landing on the lunar surface and ground exploration on the Moon was achieved
by the lander of Chang’e 3 and Yutu lunar rover.Last year，Chang’e 4 probe made the first-ever
soft landing on the far side of the moon.
The Chang’e 5 mission is China’s third successful moon landing in seven years. 3 If it
were successful，China would be the third country to bring lunar samples back to Earth after the
United States and the Soviet Union.
Most Chinese people know the mythological story of Chang’e，the Chinese goddess of the
moon.People can’t hear the word “Chang’e” without picturing romantic images of a moon
goddess. 4 And so pictures of Zhou Chengyu have been all over the state media，with
comments about how she is a “front-line soldier in the field of aerospace” and a “big sister”that the young Chinese can look up to.
However，the huge amount of interest in the native of Guizhou Province has not appeared to
have had much of an effect on her. 5
A．Her story in particular has inspired the public，considering her young age.
B．She refused repeated requests for interviews in order to focus on her work.
C．However，China has been trying to highlight strong female figures in the country.
D．Its aim is to gather lunar rocks and soil to help scientists learn more about the moon.
E．Despite her young age，Zhou is now working at the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center.
F．For this reason，China’s mission to the moon has been calling for a strong female figure.
G．China completed the “orbiting” stage by launching Chang’e 1 and Chang’e 2 lunar
probes in 2007 and 2010.
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了与“嫦娥五号”有关的24岁的女航天发射指
挥员周承钰的事迹，同时也介绍了我国的“嫦娥工程”。
1．答案 A
解析 根据上文可知，她被称为“中国的骄傲”。再根据下文可知，一些人开始反思自己与
周承钰的差距。A项(尤其是考虑到她如此年轻，她的故事令公众感到鼓舞)能够承上启下。
故选A。
2．答案 G
解析 根据上文提到始于2004年的嫦娥工程由三个阶段组成和下文提到 2013年12月实现
了着陆的目标可知，G项(通过2007年发射的“嫦娥一号”和2010年发射的“嫦娥二号”，
中国完成了“绕行”这个阶段)”符合语境，在时间上承接了上文的2004年，并与下文的
2013年呼应。故选G。
3．答案 D
解析 根据上文“‘嫦娥五号’任务是中国在七年内第三次成功登月”和下文“中国将成为
继美国和苏联后第三个把月球样本带回地球的国家”可知，D项(它的目标是收集月球岩石
和土壤以帮助科学家更多地了解月球)符合语境，承上启下。故选D。
4．答案 F
解析 根据上文人们对嫦娥的浪漫想象和下文提到的周承钰的照片遍及国内媒体可推知，F
项(正是这个原因，中国登月的任务一直需要一个有影响力的女性人物)符合语境，选项中的
this reason指代上文内容。故选F。
5．答案 B
解析 根据上文“人们对这位贵州本地人的巨大兴趣似乎并没有对她产生多大影响”可推知，
B项(为了专注于她的工作，她多次拒绝了采访请求)符合语境，说明了出名没有给她带来很
大影响。故选B。
