文档内容
必修第二册 Unit 1 Lights，camera，action！(2)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Ten percent of the world’s species live in the Amazon Rainforest，including some of the
most interesting and unique creatures on Earth.Not only that，but some Amazon native species
directly benefit humans.If you like chocolate，and coffee，you’ve benefited from Amazonian
plants.Even more importantly，the Amazon Rainforest keeps our air clean and breathable.
Cognizant_of its great impact on the planet，activists are working to stop deforestation.A
new algorithm(算法) that predicts which areas are at most risk of habitat destruction gives Amazon
defenders a hand in their fight against deforestation.
The Trans-Amazonian highway is a road that stretches across the Amazon
Rainforest.Branching off of this official highway are around two million miles of unofficial roads，
many built illegally by loggers，miners，and residents of unauthorized settlements.Nearly half of
the rainforest has one of these roads，which Carlos Souza Jr，a researcher monitoring the
Amazon ， calls “lines of destruction” ， within six miles.Imazon ， a Brazilian research
institution published a study showing that 95 percent of deforestation occurred within three miles of
the “lines of destruction” ． Additionally,90 percent of forest fires were next to illegal
Amazonian roads.That makes finding these roads key to preventing deforestation and
damage.However ， in a two and half million square rainforest ， that’s easier said than
done.Previously activists manually( 人 工 地 ) examined over satellite images to spot these
roads.They also recorded the result of deforestation.But now，technology may help activists
become more proactive(主动出击的)．
Imazon researchers fed the manual data into an artificial intelligence algorithm to train it to
find the unauthorized roads.The program predicts where there may be roads，with about 70
percent accuracy.Its outputs are then confirmed by researchers using satellite images.
The PrevisIA map and statistics can help governments channel deforestation prevention efforts
to threatened areas.The hope is that by identifying the areas in advance，politicians and activists
can take proactive steps against the illegal roads，and prevent deforestation before it happens.
1．What does the underlined phrase “Cognizant of” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Causing. B．Realizing. C．Recalling. D．Multiplying.
2．What can we know from the third paragraph?
A．Many illegal loggers will be punished.
B．There exist many risks near the highway.
C．Forest fires did little damage to the rainforest.D．Fund is the key to constructing this highway.
3．How did Imazon researchers identify the unauthorized roads?
A．Through locals. B．Through the map. C．Through field trips. D．Through technology.
4．In which section may the text appear in a newspaper?
A．Culture. B．Travel. C．Education. D．Environment.
B
There are some things money can’t buy.Education，however，does not appear to be among
them—at least as measured by performance on international exams.A new study by Harvard
University offers strong evidence that the wealth of a country affects exam results just as much as
the wealth of a pupil’s household does.On average，pupils in wealthy countries obtain vastly
higher test scores than those in developing ones.
Evaluating test scores around the world is harder than it sounds.Although pupils in the rich
world mostly take one of a few big international exams，many developing countries rely on
regional tests，making apples-to-apples comparisons impossible.
Researchers organized an exam in 2016 for 2,314 children in India，which included both
questions from the leading tests and ones taken from smaller exams.Using answers from the same
pupils on the same day to questions from different tests，they built a statistical model they called a
“Rosetta Stone”．It can translate scores from a range of exams—such as one used only in west
Africa—into an equal mark on other common international tests.
They then used these equations(等式) to estimate how pupils in 80 different countries would
fare on the benchmark(基准) Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS)．
Their data show that the wealth of a student’s country and family have similar impacts on test
scores—meaning that big gaps in GDP per person matter more than small ones in household
income do.For example，pupils from families that are very poor by rich-world standards—those
earning $5,000 a year—are expected to score around 500 out of 1,000 on the TIMSS in America，
and 560 in Japan.In contrast，those whose parents make $10,000 a year in an upper-middle income
country can only get the equivalent(等值) of a 475.
The influence of parental earnings is not constant.Rich people tend to educate their children
privately in places where wealth is concentrated，such as Brazil.However，in countries with
relatively flat income distributions，like Croatia，pupils from different social classes are more
likely to attend the same schools.This could reduce the impact of family wealth on test scores.
5．Why is it hard to evaluate the exam scores on a global level?
A．Because the types of exams vary with countries.
B．Because many rich countries refuse regional tests.
C．Because the wealth of a country affects exam results.
D．Because no international exam is available to poor areas.
6．Why did the researchers establish a “Rosetta Stone”？A．To integrate different exams into a common one.
B．To evaluate different exams with distinct approaches.
C．To fix the standard of the exams in different countries.
D．To turn scores of different exams into an equivalent mark.
7．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A．Poor students tend to be academically superior to rich ones.
B．Students from rich families will definitely get higher grades.
C．The influence of family income on students is related to circumstances.
D．People with high social status are more likely to educate their children privately.
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．Education is something money can’t buy.
B．The wealth of a country matters for education.
C．Family income plays an important role in education.
D．A statistical model helps to evaluate the exam scores.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024·安徽百校大联考)
Ways to Cut Your Carbon Footprint
Your carbon footprint is associated with everything from powering our homes to getting
around，producing our food and making all the stuff we buy.There are dozens of things we can do
to cut our carbon footprint.
Reduce food waste.About one-third of all food gets wasted each year.Producing food that
won’t be eaten wastes valuable resources，including energy.It also creates a lot of greenhouse
gases.Someone could cut their food carbon footprint by 12 percent by not wasting purchased
food.__1__
__2__ Most U．S.electricity comes from a mix of sources，including fossil fuels.Unless a
home is fully powered by renewable sources，such as wind and solar，people will need to use less
electricity to cut their energy carbon footprint.
Jacket your home with insulation(隔热材料)．When it’s chilly out，a thick jacket holds in
our body heat to keep us warm.__3__ Thick insulation in the walls，roofs and floors keeps heat
inside in winter and outdoors in summer.Roughly four in every five U．S.homes would save
energy costs and cut greenhouse gas emissions if they added more insulation.
__4__ People who use traditional vehicles can make up the largest part of the carbon
footprint.That’s why people should walk more，ride bikes or take mass transportation.If you
need to use a car，consider an electric vehicle (EV)．
Buy less new stuff.Everything we buy also contributes to our carbon footprints.So a key way
to shrink those footprints is to buy fewer new things.Shopping for the second-hand goods cuts
much pollution.__5__ And recycle wherever you can.A．Use less energy.
B．Green your travel.
C．Eat more plant-based foods.
D．So avoid types designed to be used just once.
E．Next best is to extend the life of your products.
F．Insulating our homes does much the same thing.
G．One tip: Buy only as much food as you plan to use.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Ella Smith in California learned a lesson on an ordinary 2016 day.That is，a simple act of
kindness can make a __1__ impact on someone’s day.
The video begins with Ella，aged 6，sitting with a full plate of steak and potatoes.“Can I
just give it to him？” Ella __2__ asks her father.“Go ahead，” her father __3__.Ella quickly
hurries from the table，full of __4__，with the full plate of food and a fork outside the restaurant.
From the __5__of the restaurant window，Ella’s father proudly watches his daughter.Ella
then __6__ a homeless man sitting on a bench right outside the restaurant with the full meal and a
fork.The man __7__ accepts the meal.Ella’s father ， unable to __8__ his pride ，
repeats，“That’s my girl.” As Ella makes her way back into the restaurant，the homeless man
looks back before __9__ the hot meal.
“Good job，Ella！” her father shouts.“I think you just made his week.How does that
make you feel？” Ella responds with her face__10__，“I like it！”
Ella’s father describes the moment full of __11__： “My daughter learned a valuable
lesson by giving back to people that have less.Ella saw a homeless guy outside the restaurant and
gave him her steak and potato dinner.Proud father moment！”
It’s a(n) __12__ that shows how it just __13__ one person to make a difference.Whether a
friend or stranger，a kind act can __14__ a long way.There’s no end to acts of kindness for
kids，or anyone of any __15__，to do.As we can see from Ella’s selflessness，it just may make
someone’s day.
1．A.formal B．sympathetic C．significant D．necessary
2．A.sincerely B．intensely C．guiltily D．humorously
3．A.challenges B．designs C．distributes D．approves
4．A.motion B．motive C．entertainment D．prediction
5．A.structure B．reception C．column D．painting
6．A.assesses B．transforms C．approaches D．introduces
7．A.confidently B．happily C．curiously D．successfully
8．A.contain B．defeat C．seize D．distinguish
9．A.putting down B．breaking down C．knocking into D．digging into10．A.lifting B．pitying C．shining D．clarifying
11．A.recreation B．pride C．stimulation D．confusion
12．A.consultation B．reference C．encounter D．difficulty
13．A.anticipates B．reserves C．counts D．takes
14．A.go B．strike C．decline D．illustrate
15．A.strength B．age C．education D．tolerance
Ⅳ.语法填空
Falling around December 22nd，the winter solstice(冬至) is one of the traditional Chinese
festivals 1.____________ also one of the 24 solar terms(节气)．
The winter solstice festival originated from the Han Dynasty (202 BC －220 AD) and
2.____________(develop) well in the Tang and Song Dynasties (618－1279)．People in the old
times attached great 3.____________(important) to the festival.In the Han Dynasty，the festival
was regarded as the Winter Festival and people had one day off for the holiday.Officials organized
the ceremonies 4.______________(celebrate) the day and people visited each other with delicious
food.
Traditions and customs for the day vary 5.____________ different areas of China.In the
northern part of China，people usually eat dumplings，and mutton to observe the day.In the
southern part ， tang yuan and noodles are the festival food.The dumpling is the
6.____________(essence) food for people in northern China.After the winter solstice，it will
become colder and colder.By eating dumplings ， people think they can avoid
7.____________(they) ears from being frozen as the dumplings look like people’s ear.
Tang yuan,8.____________ is popular in southern China，is a kind of glutinous rice (糯米)
ball with different fillings.It can 9.____________(boil) or fried.People think after
10.____________(eat) it，they will age one.People also use it to present to relatives and friends.
Ⅴ.读后续写微写作
I looked around at the other patients waiting to see the doctor.Maybe they all had more
romantic plans for the evening on this Valentine’s Day，but for now the group seemed anti-
social(孤僻的)．Three people had their heads down，staring at cellphones.Another was absorbed
in a magazine.The receptionist tapped at her computer.Everyone was in their own little world.
But I couldn’t judge them for it.I would probably be buried in my cellphone too—if I
hadn’t forgotten to charge it before I left home.It would have been nice to strike up a conversation
to pass the time on this day，a day of love and friendship.Instead I sat patiently in my plastic chair
as a couple of new people took distant seats.
“Roberta? The doctor’s ready for you，” the nurse called.“At least I’ll have some
kind of human connection，” I thought.
My check-up went well，and I breezed out of the office to my little Honda in a space right out
front.I got in and turned the key.Nothing.Oh，no.Not again.I’d sent the car to the garage severaltimes already for this very problem and thought it had finally been fixed.
I reached for my cellphone to call AAA—then remembered.It was dead，like my car.I would
have to use the phone inside.A few people glanced up when I came back into the waiting room，
and then quickly went back to what they were doing.I went straight to the reception desk，but the
receptionist was not there.So I turned back to the people in the waiting room.
“I wouldn’t normally do this ， ” I said to the group ， hoping that I sounded
apologetic.Several people turned toward me to listen.“But my car won’t start...”
The nurse popped her head into the room.“You in trouble，Roberta？” she said.“I’ll go
and take a look.” I followed the nurse outside.As I passed through the door，I felt someone was
behind me.
范文补全
I turned to see all the other patients following
me.1.______________________________(有点困惑，我进到车里，溜进驾驶座上)．One of
them called “Pop your hood！” So I pressed the button.Several others bent forward，most
probably leaning in to check the engine.“The screw is loose，” one assured me.“Trust me.I
used to be a mechanic.” 2.________________________________________________(从他车里
拿来工具之后)，he began to twist it.It was not long before he straightened up to rest，rubbing his
back.Unexpectedly，the other patients just volunteered to take his turn despite their own health
condition.3.____________________________________________________(当那名“技工”竖
起大拇指的时候)，everyone called out together，“Try it now！”
I said a quick prayer and turned the key.The engine turned over
immediately.4.________________(一阵欢呼声响起)．Several hands shut the hood.“Don’t
make any stops on the way home，” the “mechanic” said.“Keep the car running till the
battery gets a good charge.” I backed my car out of the space ，
5.__________________________________(然后停下来向这一群人挥手) who’d saved the
day.My Honda never stalled again.It turns out that my waiting room team had done a better job
than my garage ever did.I guess that’s just what happens when people come together.And
6.________________________________(没有比这再好的情人节了)．
