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选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 Environmental Protection
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Make the most of the pleasant weather and enjoy the best walk of the year with friends and
family.Use your 2 for 1 Entry in some of our favorite landscape gardens for a memorable day out.
Painswick Rococo Garden
Find beauty and quietness at the UK’s only complete surviving Rococo Garden.Discover
fanciful garden flowers，woodland walks，and beautifully framed views across the valley.Dogs
on short leads are permitted and the shop offers a range of seasonal and local produce.
Book at rococogarden.org.uk.
Open：closed 1－25 March，open 26－31 March,10 am－4 pm，last entry 2∶30 pm.
Nymans Garden
Walk down Spring Walk packed with seasonal flowers and pleasant smells，and enjoy the
hedge(树篱) topped with frost.Routes include those with plenty of level paths to follow around the
garden.Dogs are welcome every day from 1∶30 pm，with a festive treat provided.
Book at nationaltrust.org.uk/nymans.
Open：daily except 24 and 25 March,10 am－4 pm.
Ventnor Botanic Garden
Even in early spring，there are typically over 200 varieties of plants to be seen flowering as
you explore the 27 acres.Enjoy access to the coastal path and routes accessible for wheelchairs，
and then warm up with coffee milk in the café afterward.
Book at botanic.co.uk.
Open：daily except 25 March,9 am－4 pm.
Gibside Garden
Enjoy walking paths at this Georgian landscape garden，featuring plenty of wildlife.Follow
the winding river and turning valley for fantastic views.Warm up with hot chocolate and delicious
biscuits in the second-hand bookshop.
Book at nationaltrust.org.uk/gibside.
Open：daily except 24 and 25 March,10 am－4 pm.
1．What do Painswick Rococo Garden and Nymans Garden have in common?
A．Valley views. B．Frosty flowers.
C．Seasonal produce. D．Pet permission.
2．Which garden favors people with walking disability?
A．Painswick Rococo Garden.
B．Nymans Garden.C．Ventnor Botanic Garden.
D．Gibside Garden.
3．Where can the text be found?
A．In a research paper.
B．In a travel brochure.
C．In a science magazine.
D．In a geography textbook.
B
(2023·江苏苏州期中调研)
Lots of animals live and move in groups—elephants in herds，wolves in packs，birds in
flocks，and fish in schools.Research has shown that where an individual is located in the group can
affect the benefits it gets from hanging out in a crowd.However ， Shaun Killen ， an
ecophysiologist at the University of Glasgow in the UK says，researchers haven’t yet fully
explored the role of physiological processes such as digestion in driving animals’ collective
behavior.
Killen and his colleagues recently studied schools of Eurasian minnows(米诺鱼) swimming in
a tank against a current.Pieces of food were constantly moving past the fish ，and the team
recorded how much each minnow ate and the fishes’ positions before and after eating.After
calculating the metabolic(新陈代谢的) costs of digesting each fish’s meal and comparing it to the
fish’s position，the team observed a trend: fish that had just gulped down a big meal moved to
the back of the school，even when they’d swum at the front at most other times.
“It makes sense that feeding would influence individuals’ positions in a group，” says
Damien Farine ， who studies collective behavior in birds at the University of Konstanz in
Germany.“If a fish is hungry，it’s competing with others in the school to eat，and being at the
front gives it access to more food.But once the fish is full，it doesn’t necessarily need to be at the
front.” In addition，“being at the back of the group is less energetically costly for a range of
reasons，” Farine notes.“An individual at the back doesn’t have to contribute to navigating，
and by relaxing the brain load it saves more energy.”
Killen says he’s been thinking about the pros and cons of being at the back of the pack，
such as protection from attackers and a boost from schoolmates’ slipstream.Changes in
position ，especially during the basic trade-off between feeding and movement ，appear to
influence group leadership ， information transfer ， and group decision making.But the
consequences of the trade-offs for group power and survival are not yet understood.
4．What does Killen and his colleagues’ study focus on?
A. How behavioral traits influence position changes of individuals in fish schools.
B．How location influences nutrition states of individuals in fish schools.
C．How digestion influences distribution of individuals in fish schools.D．How location influences benefits of individuals in fish schools.
5．What do the underlined words “gulped down” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Swallowed. B．Located.
C．Witnessed. D．Missed.
6．What can we learn from paragraph 3?
A．A full fish competes to eat at the back.
B．A hungry fish has easier access to more food.
C．Being at the back saves the energy of a full fish.
D．Being at the front costs a hungry fish less energy.
7．What is Shaun Killen’s attitude to his study?
A．Cautious. B．Confident.
C．Positive. D．Disappointed.
C
At Jenner Park Primary School in Wales，pupils between the ages of seven and nine are
writing letters to residents of a local care home.The initiative sees children and their elderly pen
pals(笔友) exchange updates about their lives，helping to build relationships between generations
while also giving the children an understanding of the value of writing letters by hand—an activity
that’s becoming less and less common.
Laura Johnson，the teacher who coordinates(协调) the scheme at Jenner Park，says: “All
of our writing is for a purpose.That’s the key in getting children to value handwriting.As soon as
you put an audience there，knowing that someone out there is going to be reading it—whether
that’s parents or another group of children—there’s always the real sense of pride to go along
with it.”
The school maintains a focus on handwriting throughout the years ， from dedicated
handwriting classes in the prep school to a calligraphy club offered to the older groups.It has
created something called the pen license.It allows younger children to move from using a pencil to
pen once they’ve reached a certain standard.“There’s a lot of excitement about reaching that
pen licence stage，” says Johnson.
Johnson adds that developing students’ writing in this way matters for their life after school:
“For us，it’s important that we create citizens of the future who have a set of life skills that can
make them successful.” The dominance of technology is a challenge，she admits，but she also
believes both tools have their place.“Obviously we’re competing with technology
continuously，” she says.“And I know there are people there saying you don’t need to bother
about handwriting because tech is out there.But we don’t see it as competing.We’re trying to get
pupils to realize that there’s a place for handwriting and to know when it’s important to use
each.”
8．Why does the school launch the initiative?A．To help children to find the meaning of handwriting.
B．To encourage children to show pity for the aged.
C．To persuade children to choose proper courses.
D．To urge children to acknowledge the audience.
9．What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the school?
A．Its after-class activities.
B．Its practice in handwriting.
C．Its academic achievements.
D．Its innovation in technology.
10．What can we infer from the last paragraph about handwriting?
A．It will win against technology.
B．It will give way to technology.
C．It will co-exist with technology.
D．It will cause confusion to people.
11．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Handwriting Promotes the Pen Pal Scheme
B．Slow Communication Reduces Misunderstanding
C．Creative Ideas for Dealing with Challenges Gain Popularity
D．Putting Pen to Paper Contributes to a Love of the Written Word
Ⅱ.七选五
A persuasive speech is a speech intended to convince the audience to do something.There are
many elements that go into a successful persuasive speech. 1
Learn about your topic.It is important to know as much as you can about the topic you’ll
be speaking on.If you aren’t already familiar with the topic，do some research and learn as much
as you can. 2 You can go to the library and ask a librarian for helping find books，or just go
online and find some articles.
Know your goal.It’s important to understand exactly what you are trying to achieve with
your speech. 3 For example，if your topic is recycling，are you trying to get people to vote in
favor of a citywide recycling program，or to convince them to sort out their glass and cans and put
them in a separate bin? These will be different speeches，so having the goal spelled out early will
help you craft your message.
Understand your audience.It is important to understand your audience and their views and
knowledge about the topic. 4 An audience that knows little about your topic will need more
background information and simpler language.The audience made up of experts on the topic may
find such a simple speech boring.
5 Once you’ve chosen the best persuasive approach for your audience，brainstorm the
main points you’ll make during the speech.The number of points you can make to support yourposition will be determined by how much time you have to speak.As a rule of thumb，three to four
supporting points is usually a good number.
A．Outline your main points.
B．Choose the right persuasive approach.
C．Attracting your audience is also important.
D．This will also influence the content of your speech.
E．This way，you can tailor your content to fit your goal.
F．Spend some time reading books or articles about your topic.
G．However，with good preparations，you are likely to make a powerful speech.
