文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．forehead n．额，前额
2．chairwoman n．女主席；女会长
3．sunrise n．日出(时分)；黎明；拂晓
4．bug n．突然的兴趣，迷恋
5．input n．投入(物)
6．phase n．阶段，时期
7．manufacturer n．制造商；制造公司，制造厂
8．cosmetics n．化妆品，美容品
9．bonus n．奖金；红利
10．entrepreneurial adj.创业的，具有创业精神的
11．equator n．赤道
12．estate n．庄园
13．calorie n．卡(路里)
14．freshman n．(高中或大学的)一年级学生
15．afloat adj.经济上周转得开的；不欠债的
16．rational adj.(想法、决定等)合理的，基于理性的
17．toddler n．学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩
18．designer clothes名牌服装
19．thereby adv.因此，由此
20．supervision n．监督；管理
21．theft n．偷窃，偷盗
22．purse n．(女式)钱包
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．blank adj.无表情的，木然的
2．potential n．(事物的)潜力，可能性3．obstacle n．障碍，阻碍，妨碍
4．purchase v．购买
5．superior adj.质量上乘的，优质的
6．mild adj.不浓烈的，淡的
7．subjective adj.主观的
8．interfere v．介入；干涉
9．exceed v．超过，超出
10．hire v．(短期的)租用，租借
11．expense n．费用，花费
12．abuse n．滥用
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．dizzy adj.头晕目眩的→dizzily adv.眩晕地→dizziness n．头昏眼花
2．enterprising adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的→enterprise n．企业；事业；
进取心
3．distribution n．(商品的)分销，经销→distribute vt.分销；分发→distributor n．经销商；
分销商
4．guidance n．指导，引导→guide v．指导；带领 n．向导；导游
5．consultant n．顾问→consult v．咨询；商量；查阅
6．conventional adj.传统的，常规的→convention n．习俗；常规；惯例
7．discriminate v．不公正地区别对待，歧视→discrimination n．歧视
8．financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的→finance n．财政；金融
9．accumulate v．积累，积聚→accumulation n．积累
10．automatically adv.自动地→automatic adj.自动的→automate v．使自动化
11．sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸→sorrowful adj.使人伤心的；悲伤的
12．frustration n．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧→frustrate vt.使沮丧→frustrated adj.沮丧的
→frustrating adj.令人沮丧的
1．snatch /snætʃ/ vt.强夺；攫取；偷窃
2．ample /'æmpl/ adj.充足的；丰裕的
3．robbery /'rɒbəri/ n．抢劫；掠夺
4．queue /kjuː/ n．(人、汽车等的)队、行列 vi.排队(等候)
5．scheme /skiːm/ n．方案；体系；阴谋 vi.& vt.密谋；图谋
6．weird /wIəd/ adj.古怪的；不寻常的；怪诞的
7．debut (also début) /'deIbjuː/ n．& vi.(演员、运动员的)首次亮相；初次登台make one’s debut首次亮相
8．refine /rI'faIn/ vt.完善；改进；提炼
9．adhere /əd'hIə(r)/ vi.黏附；附着
adhere to遵循；信守
10．trivial /'trIviəl/ adj.琐碎的；微不足道的
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．make ends meet使收支仅能相抵
2．interfere with妨碍，阻止
3．go into debt陷入债务之中，负债
4．rent out出租(房屋、房间、土地等)
5．at the expense of以损害……为代价
6．as to至于，关于
7．a world away from与……相差甚远；完全不同
8．row upon row鳞次栉比
9．be bitten by the...bug爱上……；对……迷恋
10．response to对……的反应
11．at rock-bottom prices以最低价
12．do a further favour再帮个忙
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spirit，she advises that people be realistic
and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things.[advise that sb (should) do]
尽管她希望看到新的创业精神的涌现，但她也建议人们要现实一些，在仓促行事之前先寻求
专业顾问的指导。
2．What really matters is a sound business plan，access to capital，and good management and
negotiating skills.(what matters is...)
真正重要的是一个合理的商业计划，获得资金的渠道，以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。
3．What’s more，sharing encourages us to reuse items，thereby cutting down on waste.(doing
作结果状语)
不仅如此，共享方式鼓励我们将物品再次利用，从而减少浪费。
4．But the sharing economy is not without its problems.(双重否定表示肯定)
但共享经济并非没有问题。
5．As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic activity，the sharing
economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing supervision.(as引导定语从句)
正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度过快，而现有法
规和持续监管还未跟上。
6．It is expanding at such a rate that we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future.(such...that...)
它扩张的速度如此之快，以至于我们只能想象它将来会包含什么。
Mary，chairwoman of a cosmetics manufacturer，is 1.____________ enterprising and
entrepreneurial person.The other day，she suddenly felt dizzy during a meeting，fell to the
ground，and got a bump on her forehead,2.____________(make) her colleagues go blank.Since
her being hired by the company，the company has grown 3.____________(rapid)．Under her
guidance ， the company has abandoned the conventional production process ， adopted
international rational cutting-edge technology ， and produced superior
cosmetics,4.____________ distribution is all over the world.More and more people have
purchased her cosmetics.The company’s financial situation continues to improve ， and
workers’ wages and bonuses are also rising.She has also reformed the employment
mechanism ， refused 5.____________(discriminate) against others ， put
6.____________(competence) people in the leading positions ，and 7.____________(win) the
support and love of the staff.During the most difficult phase ， she overcame many
8.____________(obstacle) ． Every day she got up before sunrise and she worked hard
9.____________ the expense of her physical health and her health was put in potential
danger.Thereby，from that day on，she decided to care 10.____________(much) about herself.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
guidance n．引导；指导[guide n．指南；指导的事物；导游，向导 vt.给某人领路；指
引；指导，影响(某人的行为)；(向某人)解释，阐明]
· under the guidance of sb＝under sb’s guidance在某人的指导下
·guide sb to...领某人去……(to为介词)
(1)He guided the chairwoman ____________ the hall to attend the great wedding.
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)在老师的指导下，我的文章得到了所有评委的认可，我冲到
老师办公室表示衷心的感谢。
____________________________________________，I had my article recognised by all the
judges and I rushed to the teachers’ office to offer my heartfelt gratitude.
consultant n．顾问(consult v．咨询；请教；商量；查阅；参看)
consult sb about/on sth向某人咨询/请教某事
consult with sb about/on sth就某事与某人商量
(1)(应用文写作之建议信)为什么不向你的学校顾问咨询你遇到的困难呢？Why not ________________________________________________ you come across?
(2)你最好不要每次遇到生词就查字典。
You’d better not ________________________ every time you come across a new word.
(3)我写信是想和你商量一下我们周末的约会。
I’m writing to ____________________________________ scheduled for the weekend.
用法点拨 (1)consult作“请教；咨询；查阅”解时，多用作及物动词；作“商量”解时，
多用作不及物动词，后跟with sb，意为“和某人商量”。
(2)关于“查字典”的表达有consult a dictionary，refer to a dictionary，look up...in a dictionary
等。
expense n．费用，花费；花销，开支
cut down on one’s expenses 节省开支
cover one’s daily expenses 支付某人的日常开支
at one’s expense 由某人付费/负担费用
at the expense of 以损害……为代价
(1)This printer you purchased yesterday is of good quality.If it should break down within the first
year，we would repair it ____________ our expense.
(2)If he didn’t cut down on his ____________(expense)，he would not make ends meet.
(3)(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)即使我的父母以牺牲自己的健康为代价工作，他们也难以负
担我们的日常开支。于是，我冲回家去，愿意把我挣的钱交上去。
Even if my parents worked ____________________________________ ， they had trouble
________________________.Hence，I dashed to my home，willing to hand in what I had earned.
make ends meet 使收支仅能相抵
come to an end结束
put/bring an end to结束……
end up with...以……结束/告终
end up doing sth最终做了某事
end up as...最后成为……
(1)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)虽然他们制作爆米花的尝试以失败告终，但他们并没有感到
沮丧，相反，他们会想出好主意，这样他们最终会赚到一些额外的钱。
Although their attempt to make popcorn ____________________，they didn’t feel depressed and
instead，they would come up with good ideas so that they would __________________.
(2)我发现在这样一个大城市很难维持生计，我觉得好像世界末日到了。我几乎想结束我的
职业生涯，但是经理的鼓励使我坚持了下来。I found it difficult to ________________________________ and I felt as if the world
________________________.I almost had the intention of _______________________ but my
manager’s encouraging words enabled me to insist.
go into debt 陷入债务之中，负债
fall/get/run into debt 借债；负债
pay off one’s debts 还清债务
be in/out of debt欠/不欠债
owe a debt of gratitude to sb欠某人的情
(1)I’m heavily __________ debt at the moment，but hope to be _________ of debt when I get
paid.
(2)I owe a debt of gratitude ____________ my father，who has always supported me.
(3)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)人们开始关注这个卖爆米花的小男孩。每周他都有至少50分
的收入带回家，通常比这更多。很快他家还清了所有的欠款。
People began to pay attention to the little popcorn boy，and every week he had at least fifty cents
to take home，and often more.Soon，his family ________________________.
as 引导定语从句 As is often the case all over the world with new areas of economic
activity，the sharing economy is developing faster than existing regulations or ongoing
supervision.正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度过
快，而现有法规和持续监管还未跟上。
as引导非限制性定语从句时常见的结构有：
as is often the case情况常常如此
as is known to us all/as we all know众所周知
as is said above如上所述
as often happens这种情况常常发生
as you can see正如你所看到的
as has been said before如前所述
(1)(2023·全国甲，书面表达)我们能够从历史中找到一些问题的解决方法，这是常有的事。
________________________，we can probably find solutions to some problems from history.
(2)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)众所周知，实施切实可行的措施对海洋保护有重大作用。
①________________________________________，performing practical measures makes a great
difference to ocean protection.(as引导的非限制性定语从句)
②________________________ is that performing practical measures makes a great difference to
ocean protection.(what引导的主语从句)
③________________________ performing practical measures makes a great difference to oceanprotection.(it作形式主语)
(3)(2022·天津6月，书面表达)正如你在短视频中所看到的，英语口语俱乐部的成员不仅可
以担当外国游客的导游，而且他们还可以参加全国英语演讲比赛。
________________ in the short video，not only can members of the Spoken English Club serve as
tourist guides for foreign tourists but they can also engage in the National English Speech Contest.
(4)正如所报道的，越来越多的青少年转向在线学习，在线学习既可以使他们接触最新的知
识又可以节省时间。
More and more teenagers turn to online learning，____________，which can save time as well as
enable them to be exposed to the latest knowledge.
用法点拨 (1)as引导非限制性定语从句时是关系代词，用来指代整个句子的内容，有“正
如”之意，常放于主句之前，有时也可放在主句之后或主句之中。
(2)which也可以引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代整个句子的内容，但它只能放在主句后，
表示前面这句话带来的某种结果。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．blank
(1)If you can’t answer the question，leave a blank.________
(2)(2022·新课标Ⅱ)As a result，these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks(大块)
of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space.________
(3)I had a few blank faces and blank eyes when I was delivering a speech.________
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)The king of the kingdom can’t accept even mild criticism of his
work.____________________
(2)When her deal is done，the client emerges with her purchase.____________________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．It might be hard to make ____________(end) meet if you spend enormous amount of money
on cosmetics especially when your salary is not high.
2．____________ was expected，the genius stood out thanks to his intelligence，hard work and
perseverance.
3．The historian knows how to give proper __________(guide) to students in his teaching，
contributing a lot to their improvement.
4．As ____________ how to strengthen cooperation among the employees，he didn’t give
any explanation.
5．I have some doubt whether the ____________(consult) can give me rational suggestions.6．To be honest，I owed a debt of gratitude __________ the scholar of my institute because it
was because of his help that I made great progress.
7．According to our present performance，we have the potential ____________(climb) to the
peak of the mountain.
8．What’s your response ____________ the stratagems we talked about just now?
9.Prior to coming here ， all the clothes and blankets ________________(distribute) to the
earthquake victims.
10．My best friend was chosen to introduce the ancient mural to foreigners because she was far
superior ____________ any other candidates.
假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Lucy对于中国的无现金支付cashless payment非常感兴
趣，请你回信告知以下内容：
1.你在日常生活中使用无现金支付的情况；
2.无现金支付带来的好处；
3.你的看法。
完成句子
1．在上封信中，你向我咨询了中国的无现金支付，我愿意告诉你一些相关的事情。
(consult)
_______________________________________________________________________________
2．如今，约86%的中国人通过移动支付支付日常花销，无论是支付日常账单、长途旅行或
短途旅行，还是去杂货店购物。(cover one’s daily expenses；whether...or...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
3．众所周知，用智能手机支付账单节省了人们的时间。(as引导的定语从句)
_______________________________________________________________________________
4．在过去，人们有时最后会得到假现金，但现在他们不必为此担心。(end up doing)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5．在我看来，当你用智能手机或信用卡付款时，你一定要确保你在截止日期内还清你的债
务，否则你会陷入困境。(pay off one’s debts；when doing)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。教材语料整合
[情感描写] blank；dizzy；sorrow；frustration
亮词
[品质描写] enterprising；entrepreneurial
As she spoke，Zhang Yue put her hands behind her back to hide that they were
shaking.She couldn’t，however，hide the line of sweat running down her forehead，
which was caused partly by the heat of the television studio，but more by fear of the four
美句
people seated in front of her.They stared back，their blank faces giving no clue as to what
they would say next.Feeling dizzy，Zhang Yue took a deep breath as she struggled to
finish her presentation...(人物描写)
拓展语料积累 主题语境结尾升华技巧：善举助人
善行义举是读后续写中常见的故事类型，故事构造是：第一步，困难描写；第二步，助人过
程呈现；第三步，皆大欢喜结局。常见的主题升华如下：
I held the paper bag tightly，tears rolling down without control.It is love that makes the world go
round and I felt it deep in my little heart.我紧紧地抓着纸袋，眼泪不由自主地滚了下来。是爱
使世界转动，我在我小小的心灵深处感受到了爱。
I made up my mind to pass on “love” to others.Just as the saying goes，“Roses given，
fragrance in hand.”我下定决心要把“爱”传递给别人。俗话说：“送人玫瑰，手有余
香。”
Sometimes，a small act of kindness may be powerful enough to make a huge difference.有时候，
一个小小的善举可能足以产生巨大的影响。
From then on，I made up my mind to try my best to help somebody.Only in this way could more
and more people help each other in the future.从那时起，我就下定决心尽我最大的努力去帮助
别人。只有这样，将来才会有越来越多的人互相帮助。
语料运用 理财
①________________________ ， I ran out of money for lack of money management
skills.②_____________________，“What should I do？” It was at that time that my school
consultant patted me on the shoulder，patiently saying，“Not only should you seek help from
money management software or keep accounts by yourself but you also should try seasonal
discount and stick to basics instead of trendy fashion in clothing.” So moved was I that tears
streamed down my cheeks uncontrollably.③_____________________________(主题升华句)．
令我非常悲伤的是，由于缺乏理财技巧，我把钱花光了。我沮丧地低声说：“我该怎么
办？”就在那个时候，我的学校顾问耐心地拍着我的肩膀说：“你不仅要求助于理财软件或
自己记账，而且要尝试季节性折扣，在服装上坚持基本款而不是时髦款。”我太感动了，眼泪无法控制地顺着脸颊流下来。从那时起，我就下定决心尽我最大的努力帮助那些面临理财
问题的人。只有这样，将来才会有越来越多的人互相帮助。
