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绝密★启用前
2007年全国硕士研究生招生考试
英语（一）
（科目代码:201）
☆考生注意事项众
1. 答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指
定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号，并涂写考生编号信息点。
2. 考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷
条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由
考生自负。
3. 选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须
书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在
草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。
4. 填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂
写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。
5. 考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。
（以下信息考生必须认真填写）
考生编号
考生姓名Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word( s) for each numbered blank and
mark A, B, C, or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become
independent nations. The roughly 20 million of these nations looked 2
to the future. Bom in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian colonialism, many
of the leaders of independence 3 the ideals of representative government,
careers 4 to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the 5 to private
property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. 6 there was a
belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large
enough to be economically viable and integrated by a 7 set of laws.
On the issue of 8 of religion and the position of the Church, 9 ,
there was less agreement 10 the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the
state religion and the only one 11 by the Spanish crown. 12 most leaders
sought to maintain Catholicism 13 the official religion of the new states,
some sought to end the 14 of other faiths. The defense of the Church became
a rallying 15 for the conservative forces.
The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing
equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had 16 in
return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been
abolished everywhere except Spain9s 17 colonies. Early promises to end
Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much 18 because the
new nations still needed the revenue such policies 19 . Egalitarian sentiments
were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was 20 self-rule
and democracy.
英语(一)试题.1 .(共14页)1. A. natives B, inhabitants C. peoples D. individuals
2. A. confusedly B. cheerfully C. worriedly D. hopefully
3. A. shared B. forgot r> C. attained D. rejected
4. A. related B. close C. open D. devoted
5. A. access B. succession C. right D. return
6. A. Presumably B. Incidentally C. Obviously D. Generally
7. A. unique B, common C. particular D. typical
8. A. freedom B. origin C. impact D. reform
9. A. therefore B. however C. indeed D. moreover
10. A. with B.about C. among D.by
11. A. allowed B. preached C. granted D. funded
12. A. Since B.If C. Unless D. While
13. A. as B. for C. under D. against
14. A. spread B. interference C. exclusion D. influence
15. A. support B. cry C. plea D. wish
16. A. urged B. intended C. expected D. promised
17. A. controlling B. former C. remaining D. original
18. A. slower B. faster C. easier D. tougher
19. A. created B. produced C. contributed D. preferred
20. A. puzzled by B. hostile to C. pessimistic about D. unprepared for
Section H Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing
A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
英语（ ）试题.2.（共14页）Text 1
If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006's
World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite
soccer players are more likely to have been bom in the earlier months of the year
than in the later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams
that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange
phenomenon to be even more pronounced.
What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses:
a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills； b) winter-bom babies
tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina； c) soccer-
mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak
of soccer mania； d) none of the above.
Anders Ericsson, a 5 8-year-old psychology professor at Florida State
University, says he believes strongly in u none of the above. " Ericsson grew up
in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more
opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first
experiment, nearly 30 years ago, involved memory: training a person to hear and
then repeat a random series of numbers. u With the first subject, after about 20
hours of training, his digit span had risen from 7 to 20," Ericsson recalls. "He
kept improving, and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80
numbers."
This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not
genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is
more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever
inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those
differences are swamped by how well each person "encodes” the information.
And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson
determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice
entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather, it involves setting specific
goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as
on outcome.
Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in
a wide range of pursuits, including soccer. They gather all the data they can, not
just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own
laboratory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startling
assertion: the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. Or, put another
way, expert performers—whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer
programming—are nearly always made, not bom.
英语（ ）试题.3 .（共14页）21. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned
to.
A. stress the importance of professional training
B. spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup
C. introduce the topic of what makes expert performance
D. explain why some soccer teams play better than others
22. The word "mania" (Line 5 , Paragraph 2) most probably means.
A. fun
B. craze
C. hysteria
D. excitement
23. According to Ericsson, good memory.
A. depends on meaningful processing of information
B. results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises
C. is determined by genetic rather than psychological factors
D. requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration
24. Ericsson and his colleagues believe that.
A. talent is a dominating factor for professional success
B. biographical data provide the key to excellent performance
C. the role of talent tends to be overlooked
D. high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture
25. Which of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text tries to
convey?
A. “Faith will move mountains."
B. "One reaps what one sows. ”
C. uPractice makes perfect. ”
D. “Like father, like son. ”
英语（ ）试题.4.（共14页）Text 2
For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has
featured a column called “Ask Marilyn. " People are invited to query Marilyn vos
Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years
old； that gave her an IQ of 228—the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask
you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper after it has been
folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences, among other similar tasks.
So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe
(whose IQ is 100) as, What's the difference between love and fondness? Or
what is the nature of luck and coincidence? It's not obvious how the capacity to
visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions
that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.
Clearly, intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. Just what
does it mean to be smart? How much of intelligence can be specified, and how
much can we learn about it from neurology, genetics, computer science and other
fields?
The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score,
even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. The test comes
primarily in two forms： the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler
Intelligence Scales ( both come in adult and children's version). Generally
costing several hundred dollars, they are usually given only by psychologists,
although variations of them populate bookstores and the World Wide Web.
Superhigh scores like vos Savant's are no longer possible, because scoring is now
based on a statistical population distribution among age peers, rather than simply
dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. Other
standardized tests, such as the Scholastic Assessment Test ( SAT) and the
Graduate Record Exam (GRE) , capture the main aspects of IQ tests.
Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary
to succeed in school and in life, argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article “How
Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing ?n , Sternberg notes that traditional tests best
assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical
knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success.
Moreover, IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or
situations change. Research has found that IQ predicted leadership skills when the
tests were given under low-stress conditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ
was negatively correlated with leadership—that is, it predicted the opposite.
Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters,
whether it's knowing when to guess or what questions to skip.
•英语（ ）试题.5 .（共14页）26. Which of the following may be required in an intelligence test?
A. Answering philosophical questions.
B. Folding or cutting paper into different shapes.
C. Telling the differences between certain concepts.
D. Choosing words or graphs similar to the given ones.
27. What can be inferred about intelligence testing from Paragraph 3?
A. People no longer use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.
B. More versions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.
C. The test contents and formats for adults and children may be different.
D. Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence.
28. People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scores as high as vos Savant9 s
because.
A. the scores are obtained through different computational procedures
B. creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now
C. vos Savanfs case is an extreme one that will not repeat
D. the defining characteristic of IQ tests has changed
29. We can conclude from the last paragraph that・
A. test scores may not be reliable indicators of one's ability
B. IQ scores and SAT results are highly correlated
C. testing involves a lot of guesswork
D. traditional tests are out of date
30. What is the author's attitude towards IQ tests?
A. Supportive.
B. Skeptical.
C. Impartial.
D. Biased.
英语（ ）试题.6.（共14页）Text 3
During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once
could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been
transformed by economic risk and new realities. Now a pink slip, a bad
diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class
to newly poor in a few months.
In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming
basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have
debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side
effect: family risk has risen as well. Today's families have budgeted to the limits
of their new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachute they
once had in times of financial setback—a back-up earner (usually Mom) who
could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This
u added-worker effectn could support the safety net offered by unemployment
insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a
disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an
otherwise-stay-at-home partner.
During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in
their retirement income. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the
auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates,
stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement
money. For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social
Security to a savings-account model, with retirees trading much or all of their
guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. For younger
families, the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the
share of it bome by families have risen—and newly fashionable health-savings
plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers, with much higher
deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families, future healthcare.
Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of
having a weak elderly parent—and all the attendant need for physical and financial
assistance—have jumped eightfold in just one generation.
From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably,
looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a
good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial
risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.44 The financial fallout has begun,
and the political fallout may not be far behind.
英语（一）试题.7.（共14页）31. Today's double-income families are at greater financial risk in that
A. the safety net they used to enjoy has disappeared
B. their chances of being laid off have greatly increased
C. they are more vulnerable to changes in family economics
D. they are deprived of unemployment or disability insurance
32. As a result of President Bush's reform, retired people may have
A. a higher sense of security
B. less secured payments
C. less chance to invest
D. a guaranteed future
33. According to the author, health-savings plans will.
A. help reduce the cost of healthcare
B. popularize among the middle class
C. compensate for the reduced pensions
D. increase the families, investment risk
34. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .
A. financial risks tend to outweigh political risks
B. the middle class may face greater political challenges
C. financial problems may bring about political problems
D. financial responsibility is an indicator of political status
35. Which of the following is the best title for this text?
A. The Middle Class on the Alert
B. The Middle Class on the Cliff
C. The Middle Class in Conflict
D. The Middle Class in Ruins
英语（ ）试题.8.（共14页）Text 4
It never rains but it pours. Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out
their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble
corporation governance, a new problem threatens to earn them—especially in
America—the sort of nasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the
executive suite: data insecurity. Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to
put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking,
telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss's agenda
in businesses of every variety.
Several massive leakages of customer and employee data this year—from
organizations as diverse as Time Warner, the American defense contractor
Science Applications International Corp and even the University of California,
Berkeley—have left managers hurriedly peering into their intricate IT systems and
business processes in search of potential vulnerabilities.
"Data is becoming an asset which needs to be guarded as much as any other
asset," says Haim Mendelson of Stanford University's business school. “The
ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is
responsible for on behalf of shareholdersM. Indeed, just as there is the concept of
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ( GAAP) , perhaps it is time for
GASP, Generally Accepted Security Practices, suggested Eli Noam of New
York's Columbia Business School. " Setting the proper investment level for
security, redundancy, and recovery is a management issue, not a technical one, ”
he says.
The mystery is that this should come as a surprise to any boss. Surely it
should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable of
economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore—and that
few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive
personal data get into the wrong hands.
The current state of affairs may have been encouraged—though not
justified—by the lack of legal penalty (in America, but not Europe) for data
leakage. Until California recently passed a law, American firms did not have to
tell anyone, even the victim, when data went astray. That may change fast: lots
of proposed data-security legislation is now doing the rounds in Washington, D. C.
Meanwhile, the theft of information about some 40 million credit-card accounts in
America, disclosed on June 17th, overshadowed a hugely important decision
a day earlier by America's Federal Trade Commission (FTC) that puts corporate
America on notice that regulators will act if fihns fail to provide adequate data
security.
英语（一）试题.9.（共14页）36. The statement “It never rains but it pours” is used to introduce.
A. the fierce business competition
B. the feeble boss-board relations
C. the threat from news reports
D. the severity of data leakage
37. According to Paragraph 2, some organizations check their systems to find out
A. whether there is any weak point
B. what sort of data has been stolen
C. who is responsible for the leakage
D. how the potential spies can be located
38. In bringing up the concept of GASP the author is making the point
that.
A. shareholders, interests should be properly attended to
B. information protection should be given due attention
C. businesses should enhance their level of accounting security
D. the market value of customer data should be emphasized
39. According to Paragraph 4, what puzzles the author is that some bosses fail to
A. see the link between trust and data protection
B. perceive the sensitivity of personal data
C. realize the high cost of data restoration
D. appreciate the economic value of trust
40. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that______.
A. data leakage is more severe in Europe
B. FTC's decision is essential to data security
C. California takes the lead in security legislation
D. legal penalty is a major solution to data leakage
英语（一）试题.10.（共14页）Part B
Directions:
You are going to read a list of headings and a text about what parents are
supposed to do to guide their children into adulthood. Choose a heading from the
list A-G that best fits the meaning of each numbered part of the text (41-45).
The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There are two extra
headings that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER
SHEET 1. (10 points)
A. Set a Good Example for Your Kids
B. Build Your Kids' Work Skills
C. Place Time Limits on Leisure Activities
D. Talk about the Future on a Regular Basis
E. Help Kids Develop Coping Strategies
F. Help Your Kids Figure Out Who They Are
G. Build Your Kids' Sense of Responsibility
How Can a Parent Help?
Mothers and fathers can do a lot to ensure a safe landing in early adulthood for
their kids. Even if a job's starting salary seems too small to satisfy an emerging
adult's need for rapid content, the transition from school to work can be less of a
setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move. Here are a few measures, drawn
from my book Ready or Not, Here Life Comes, that parents can take to prevent what
I call u work-life unreadinessv :
41」 —
You can start this process when they are 11 or 12. Periodically review their
emerging strengths and weaknesses with them and work together on any
shortcomings, like difficulty in communicating well or collaborating. Also, identify
the kinds of interests they keep coming back to, as these offer clues to the careers
that will fit them best.
42.
Kids need a range of authentic role models—as opposed to members of their
clique, pop stars and vaunted athletes. Have regular dinner-table discussions about
people the family knows and how they got where they are. Discuss the joys and
downsides of your own career and encourage ySur kids to form some ideas about
their own future. When asked what they want to do, they should be discouraged
英语（一）试题.11 .（共14页）from saying " I have no idea. " They can change their minds 200 times, but having
only a foggy view of the future is of little good.
43.
Teachers are responsible for teaching kids how to learn ； parents should be
responsible for teaching them how to work. Assign responsibilities around the house
and make sure homework deadlines are met. Encourage teenagers to take a part-
time job. Kids need plenty of practice delaying gratification and deploying effective
organizational skills, such as managing time and setting priorities.
44」
Playing video games encourages immediate content. And hours of watching TV
shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive
way. At the same time, listening through earphones to the same monotonous beats
for long stretches encourages kids to stay inside their bubble instead of pifrsuing
other endeavors. All these activities can prevent the growth of important
communication and thinking skills and make it difficult for kids to develop the kind
of sustained concentration they will need for most jobs.
45.
They should know how to deal with setbacks, stresses and feelings of
inadequacy. They should also learn how to solve problems and resolve conflicts,
ways to brainstorm and think critically. Discussions at home can help kids practice
doing these things and help them apply these skills to everyday life situations.
What about the son or daughter who is grown but seems to be struggling and
wandering aimlessly through early adulthood? Parents still have a major role to
play, but now it is more delicate. They have to be careful not to come across as
disappointed in their child. They should exhibit strong interest and respect for
whatever currently interests their fledging adult ( as naive or ill conceived as it may
seem) while becoming a partner in exploring options for the future. Most of all,
these new adults must feel that they are respected and supported by a family that
appreciates them.
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into
Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
(10 points)
英语（一）试题.12.（共14页）The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual
discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become
a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. (46) Traditionally,
legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of
lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated
person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is
establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun
to offer undergraduate degrees in law.
If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a
general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism
educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the
one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy
and freedom. (47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a
manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they
cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of
basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment
and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and
reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist's intellectual preparation
for his or her career.
(48 ) But the idea that the journalist most understand the law more
profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established
conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more
broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better
informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will
be. (49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear
grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on
political stories.
Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are
primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies
greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations
supplied to them by lawyers. (50) While comment and reaction from lawyers
may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of
significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-
grounded understanding of the legal system.
英语（ ）试题.13.（共14页）Section HI Writing
Part A
51. Directions: ”
Write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving
its service.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.
Do not write the address. (10 points)
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your
essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) support your view with an example/examples.
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
二 二， 2007年考研英语（一）真题答案速查表 ,：■
1 ~5 BDACC 6 ~ 10 DBABC 11-15 ADACB 16 - 20 DCABD 21 -25 CBADC
26 -30 DCAAB 31 ~35 CBDCB 36 ~40 DABAD 41 ~45 FDBCE
46. 传统上,这些院校一直把法律学习视为律师的专利，而不是受教育者知识储备的必要组成
部分。
47. 另一方面，法律将这些概念和日常实际相结合,正如新闻记者每天报道和评论新闻时的做
法一样。
48. 但是，“新闻记者必须比普通公民更深入地了解法律”这种观点，是建立在对新闻媒体既定
规约和特殊责任的理解上的。
49. 事实上，很难想象，那些对加拿大宪法的基本特征缺乏清晰理解的新闻记者如何能够胜
任政治新闻的报道工作。
50. 尽管律师提供的见解和反馈可能会提升新闻报道的质量，但是新闻记者凭借自己对其重
要性的理解做出判断则更为可取。
英语（一）试题.14.（共14页）资料不管用不用，都先存网盘!
丽丽最近千嘛呢？
成天抱着手机傻实
噗毗
我知道了
她恋爱了
默默观察
居然
下情况先.
难道..
不可能
有猫腻
考研人的心动？
就这
|考研单词，闪存不如I碉！ |
考研词汇用闪过
划重点,省时/
