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版权息 书名：专作范 篇 100 作者东试研究中 版社：浙江育版社 版⽇期 2019-09-01 ： ISBN 978-7-5536-8429-1⽬录 CONTENTS 前⾔ 第⼀部分 命题分析与写作指导 ⼀、专⼋作⽂命题分析 ⼆、专⼋写作指导 第⼆部分 ⾼分范⽂ 篇 100 教育学习篇 ⼤学教育应该以职业为导向吗？ Essay 001 ⼤学教育的必要性 Essay 002 关于学校考试 Essay 003 ⼤学⽣该不该穿校服？ Essay 004 ⽹络教学之我⻅ Essay 005 留学之我⻅ Essay 006 是否应限制参观⼤学校园？ Essay 007 教育是否拉⼤了贫富差距？ Essay 008 学校应不应该⼲涉⼤学⽣谈恋爱？ Essay 009 证霸 之我⻅ Essay 010 “ ” 家⻓应该给孩⼦⽴规矩吗？ Essay 011 我对加⼊⼤学学⽣会的看法 Essay 012 关于单性别教育 Essay 013 关于⼤学课堂点名 Essay 014 关于⼤学⽣的假期 Essay 015 补课之我⻅ Essay 016 孩⼦应不应该早上学？ Essay 017专注专业还是⼴泛涉猎？ Essay 018 关于⼤学出现的新专业 Essay 019 我对中式英语的看法 Essay 020 互联⽹时代练字的重要性 Essay 021 关于⼉童 性教育 Essay 022 “ ” 我对 在家接受教育 的看法 Essay 023 “ ” 关于成功学 Essay 024 买书还是借书？ Essay 025 师⽣关系 Essay 026 关于语法学习 Essay 027 求职就业篇 远程办公 Essay 028 关于实习 Essay 029 我对延迟就业的看法 Essay 030 关于延迟退休 Essay 031 ⼤学⽣兼职 Essay 032 关于跳槽 Essay 033 点⼦ 执⾏⼒ Essay 034 vs. 我对⼤学⽣创业的看法 Essay 035 ⽂化现象篇 ⽂化⼊侵还是融合？ Essay 036 关于⼤众媒体 Essay 037 关于涂鸦 Essay 038 传统⽂化是否应成为必修课？ Essay 039 历史对于现代⼈的意义 Essay 040 ⼤学⽣追剧之我⻅ Essay 041 ⽅⾔ 普通话 Essay 042 vs. 道德绑架之我⻅ Essay 043 选秀节⽬之我⻅ Essay 044关于极简主义 Essay 045 关于追星 Essay 046 跟团游 ⾃助游 Essay 047 vs. 关于图书馆的未来 Essay 048 关于红包 Essay 049 ⾦钱之⽤ Essay 050 ⽂物古迹有⽆重建的必要性？ Essay 051 ⼴告的影响 Essay 052 ⽂学性 可读性 Essay 053 vs. 关于艺术 Essay 054 科技发展篇 ⼈⼯智能是否会取代⼈类劳动？ Essay 055 ⼿机的利弊 Essay 056 我对⽹络交流的看法 Essay 057 我对⺠间科学的看法 Essay 058 我对共享单⻋的看法 Essay 059 表情包 Essay 060 电⼦书 纸质书 Essay 061 vs. 电⼦⽀付 现⾦⽀付 Essay 062 vs. ⽴⾝处世篇 顺境 逆境 Essay 063 vs. 追求梦想还是安于现状？ Essay 064 内向性格 外向性格 Essay 065 vs. 要不要将⾃⼰与他⼈⽐较？ Essay 066 关于成熟 Essay 067 我对运⽓的看法 Essay 068 我对⾃由的看法 Essay 069 天赋 选择 Essay 070 vs. 独处 社交 Essay 071 vs.成功之我⻅ Essay 072 关于友谊 Essay 073 关于⾼敏感⼈群 Essay 074 经济⺠⽣篇 ⼀带⼀路 倡议 Essay 075 “ ” ⼤学⽣信⽤卡消费 Essay 076 关于⽹上购物 Essay 077 我对外卖⾷物的看法 Essay 078 商品包装之我⻅ Essay 079 经济发展 环境保护 Essay 080 vs. 形⾊社会篇 应不应该追求时尚？ Essay 081 ⾯包与爱情 Essay 082 我对⽣活节奏的看法 Essay 083 关于 毕婚族 Essay 084 “ ” 关于性别 Essay 085 关于 ⽉光族 Essay 086 “ ” ⼤城市 ⼩城市 Essay 087 vs. ⼴场舞 Essay 088 集体运动与个⼈运动 Essay 089 我对电⼦游戏的看法 Essay 090 关于 协助⾃杀 的争议 Essay 091 “ ” 我对⽹络交友的看法 Essay 092 我对⼥性化妆的看法 Essay 093 买房 租房 Essay 094 vs. 仪式感之我⻅ Essay 095 外出旅游 宅在家⾥ Essay 096 vs. 关于整容 Essay 097 关于减肥 Essay 098我对⼤学⽣做直播的看法 Essay 099 朋友圈 之我⻅ Essay 100 “ ”频下载链接： http://download.dogwood.com.cn/guonei/zbxzgf100.zip前⾔ 古⼈云 汝果欲学诗，⼯夫在诗外 ，这虽然是针对中⽂作诗⽽⾔ “ ” 的，但同样适⽤于英⽂写作。⽂章⽴意、⾏⽂组织、语⾔表达等⽅⾯ 都能体现⼀篇作⽂的好坏，考⽣要想在专⼋考试中获得理想的作⽂成 绩，就必须在平时从上述⼏个⽅⾯多下功夫。英语写作各⽅⾯的能⼒ 储备达到⼀定⽔准之后，写作才能得⼼应⼿、游刃有余。 《专⼋写作⾼分范⽂ 篇》适⽤于备战专⼋新题型写作考试。本 100 书根据全国外语专业教学测试专家委员会发布的英语专业⼋级考试 （ ）题型调整说明和英语专业⼋级考试新题型写作真题的命题 TEM8 ⽅式编写⽽成，全书详细阐述了专⼋考试写作题型的命题特点，并在 此基础上为专⼋考⽣提供了切实有效的写作指导，最重要的是，本书 为考⽣精⼼编写了 篇专⼋作⽂，供考⽣学习、研读，学以致⽤，从 100 ⽽提升专⼋写作能⼒。 本书具有如下特⾊： 七类话题囊括作⽂考点，百篇作⽂涵盖丰富素材 本书在深⼊研究历年真题，尤其是题型调整之后的专⼋写作真题 的基础上，将专⼋写作常考话题划分为教育学习、求职就业、⽂化现 象、科技发展、⽴⾝处世、经济⺠⽣和形⾊社会七⼤类，并根据每类 话题考查的频次，为每类话题精⼼设计和编写若⼲篇⾼质量的作⽂， 总共 篇专⼋新题型作⽂，供考⽣有针对性地进⾏写作训练。 篇 100 100 作⽂提供了丰富多样的话题素材，其内容包罗万象，鲜活⽣动，从总体上来说，既具有经典的⼈⽂视⾓，⼜兼具强烈的时代⽓息，相信考 ⽣通过认真学习之后，⼀定能够做到触类旁通、举⼀反三。 写作栏⽬编排精⼼巧妙，⾼分范⽂创作字斟句酌 本书精⼼设计了 篇专⼋作⽂，同时， 本着有的放⽮、⾼效训 100 练的原则，为每篇范⽂都精⼼设置了 审题⽴意 写作框架 精彩范 “ ”“ ” “ ⽂ 主题词汇 亮点句式 五⼤栏⽬，讲解实⽤、细致，⼒求展现⽂ ” “ ” “ ” 章写作的全过程，全⽅位破解写作难点，全⾯训练考⽣的写作思维， 帮助考⽣运⽤有效的写作技巧快速搭建作⽂框架，落笔成⽂。其 中， 审题⽴意 重在解读作⽂题⽬，⽤推导性的语⾔点出⽂章的论点 “ ” 或抽象概括出⽂章的总体思路。 写作框架 从具体段落⼊⼿，分析⾏ “ ” ⽂结构，搭建写作框架，让作⽂思路清晰，有章可循。 精彩范⽂ 顺 “ ” 承审题⽴意和写作框架，将构思付诸实践，所给范⽂观点公允，论证 充分，⾏⽂条理清晰，字斟句酌，堪称典范。 主题词汇 列出⽂中所 “ ” 使⽤的核⼼词汇、难点词汇、固定搭配和实⽤短语或谚语，⽅便考⽣ 学习运⽤和积累。 亮点句式 重点介绍写作常⽤句式、特殊句式及复 “ ” 杂句式，培养考⽣使⽤实⽤句型、实⽤表达⽅式、⾼级句式写作的习 惯，增强写作能⼒。 外教朗读范⽂纯正地道，随时随地聆听⽅便诵记 为⽅便考⽣背诵吟记 篇精彩范⽂，本书特别邀请专业外教为每 100 篇范⽂朗读录⾳，制作了发⾳标准、语⾳地道的⾳频⽂件。考⽣可登 录相关⽹站下载使⽤，也可直接扫描每篇⽂章标题旁的⼆维码，在线 收听范⽂⾳频。考⽣通过听⾳的⽅式，⼀定能更好地诵记这 篇⾼分 100 范⽂。 我们常说⼈⽣是⼀场 会当凌绝顶，⼀览众⼭⼩ 的旅程，写作也 “ ” 是这样⼀个过程。如果从⾸段算起，全篇⽂章是在跋⼭涉⽔，那么结 尾就要登⾼望远。⽽在这个过程中，我们需要⼀步⼀个脚印，清晰地 引领⾃⼰⾛到最后的结论。此外，我们在练习写作的时候也要多多去输⼊。写作是⼀种输出，写作的过程不仅是各种句⼦的堆砌，它更是 ⼀场思想的升华。在写作的过程中，我们阐述⾃⼰的观点，表达⾃⼰ 的感情，从⽽能够针对作⽂的题⽬做出⼀场精彩的论述。写作的过 程，是不断以他⼭之⽯攻⽟的过程，在平时的学习⽣活中，我们要多 多浏览各种英⽂⽹站，⼴泛阅读各类英⽂材料。专⼋的英语作⽂涉及 ⺠⽣百态的各个⽅⾯，我们只有对社会有⼀定的了解，对各种问题有 着⾃⼰的⻅解，再凭借扎实的语⾔功底，才有可能在考场上⽤精练、 准确、恰当的语⾔表达⾃⼰的想法。 本书能够顺利完成，最终与⼴⼤考⽣⻅⾯，要特别感谢孙英萍⽼ 师和美国外教 所做的贡献。 Paul Ryan Mills 编者第⼀部分 命题分析与写作指导 ⼀、专⼋作⽂命题分析 前⼏年，全国⾼校外语专业教学测试办公室发布了《关于英语专 业⼋级考试 题型调整说明》，此后，专⼋的作⽂题型发⽣了变 (TEM8) 化，调整后的专⼋写作要求如下： 写作 V. (Part V: Writing) ．测试要求 1 能根据所给阅读材料和要求撰写各类体裁的⽂章，⽂章⻓度 约 个单词；能做到内容切题、充实，条理清楚、结构严谨、 300 语法正确、语⾔通顺、表达得体。考试时间 分钟。 45 ．测试形式 2 本部分为作答题，采⽤材料作⽂形式。考试时间 分钟。 45 ．测试⽬的 3 测试学⽣的书⾯表达能⼒。下⾯，我们以 年专⼋的作⽂真题为例来分析⼀下专⼋作⽂命 2019 题的变化和出题特点。 PART V WRITING [45 MIN] Read carefully the following two excerpts on consumption, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. comment on the role of consumption in human society, especially on whether consumption may lead to desirable or undesirable results. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for conotent relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Consequences of Consumerism In Human Development Report 1998 Overview by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), “World consumption has expanded at an unprecedented pace over the 20th century, with private and public consumption expenditures reaching $24 trillion in 1998, twice the level of 1975 and six times that of 1950. In 1900 real consumption expenditure was barely $1.5 trillion.” In September 2001, the BBC aired a documentary called “Shopology,” where psychologists looked into the psychology of shopping and consumerism in countries like Britain, USA and Japan and asked if it was healthy for consumers. Of the many points they raised, they observed that: ● Consumption now helps to define who we are; ● We essentially “buy” a lifestyle; ● Consumerism can increase stress for various reasons; ● To deal with social and consumerism pressures and their effects, people may on occasion consume even more to feel better;● Rising consumer debt puts pressure on families. Two years later, the BBC aired another documentary called “Spend, Spend, Spend.” It looked at the issues of whether or not the increased wealth and consumerism had led to more content and satisfied individuals. The documentary observed that research evidence seemed to suggest that increased wealth did not necessarily lead to more satisfaction in Britain. When interviewed in the program, Professor Andrew Oswald of Warwick University said that the key reason for this was because as we get wealthier there is often a tendency to compare more with others, which contributes to more anxiety. The “keeping up with the Joneses” syndrome. The implications of this are profound. As Oswald suggested, it is “hard to make society happier as they get richer and richer because human beings look constantly over their shoulders. That's the curse of human beings; making comparisons.” Excerpt 2 Consumption as a Path to Cultivation Consumption, for George Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher, lies at the heart of the process through which people become cultivated, that is, grow to become participating, reflective members of society. This is because consumption provides an excellent site for the interaction between subject and object, which Simmel believed to be the key to cultivation. Subjectivity, the uniquely human capacity for self- reflection, which allows for the self-conscious construction of action and identity, is not naturally endowed; it only develops through the creative tension provided by interaction with objects (including people) existing in the world. For Simmel, consumption provides a vital forum for this subject- object interaction. Through consumption, people come to understand, instill meaning in, and act upon objects encountered in the world. Consumption provides people with the opportunity to refine themselves through interaction with objects in the world. In addition, by confronting, adapting, and integrating various world-views directly or indirectly demonstrated in consumption objects, people not only realize their potential as unique human beings, they also become well-socialized members of a society.由上⾯的真题作⽂可知，专⼋写作考试要求考⽣根据所提供的关 于某⼀共同话题的两则材料写⼀篇不少于 词的作⽂。题⽬要求考⽣ 300 ⾸先应仔细阅读这两则材料，然后总结两则材料的主要信息，最后就 材料所涉及的某个问题发表⾃⼰的看法或评论。 最近⼏年，专⼋考试写作真题的命题都采取了这种根据材料写作 ⽂的模式，这就要求我们备考时应熟悉这⼀题型，并多加练习，提升 英语专⼋写作考试成绩。 关于专⼋考试的作⽂话题，我们统计了最近⼗年的真题作⽂，以 下是最近⼗年专⼋作⽂真题涉及的话题。 续表从所统计的最近⼗年专⼋作⽂话题中，我们可以看到专⼋作⽂真 题话题涉及职业、教育、科技、经济、道德、社会问题以及⼈⽣哲理 等⽅⾯。在专⼋的作⽂话题中，鲜⻅专业性很强的话题，如⽂学、政 治、医疗等⽅⾯。这样的话题设定符合⼤学⽣的认知特点，确保了专 ⼋考试的合理性和科学性，同时希望⼤学⽣能以主⼈公的姿态去分析 社会问题并给出合理建议。 下⾯，我们进⼀步分析题型调整前后专⼋作⽂命题特点的变化。 ⾸先，出题形式⽅⾯有了较为显著的变化。 题型调整之前，专⼋考试写作真题总体上为命题类作⽂，或为直 接命题或简单介绍某个话题，要求考⽣根据该话题发表⾃⼰的看法， ⽆论是哪⼀种，都会明确点出⽂章⽴意，要求考⽣根据⽂章⽴意进⾏ 写作。题型调整后的专⼋写作是给出两则节选材料（两则材料的观点 ⼀般针锋相对或⼤相径庭），要求考⽣在阅读材料后对两则材料进⾏ 总结，⾃⾏选取⾓度（可以⽀持⼀则材料的观点，反对另外⼀则材料 的观点，也可以提出第三种观点），⽴意作⽂。这⼀变化⽆疑为专⼋ 考试写作增加了⼀定的难度。⼀⽅⾯，新专⼋考试写作对考⽣的阅读 能⼒和归纳总结能⼒进⾏了考查（所提供的两则材料有⼀定的难度， 需要考⽣具备⼀定的阅读理解能⼒，能够读懂材料，并对材料观点或 主要信息进⾏归纳总结）；另⼀⽅⾯，新专⼋考试写作的命题形式为 开放性的，考⽣可以根据⾃⼰对材料的理解和观点倾向性，⾃⾏选择 写作⾓度，根据⾃⼰的理解和⽴场来写作，这给考⽣留下了更⼤的发 挥空间，增加了专⼋作⽂命题的灵活性。 其次，词数要求⽅⾯发⽣了变化。 专⼋写作题型调整之前的要求是 Write an essay about 400 words on ，即写 词左右即可，⽽题型调整之后，专⼋写作 the following topic 400 对词数的要求变为 write your response in NO LESS THAN 300，即词数不少于 个。由此可知，考⽣写专⼋作⽂时字数超 WORDS 300 过 词即可，这实际上降低了难度。 300 最后，作⽂评分参考依据⽅⾯有相应变化。 由于题型调整，专⼋写作真题评分依据⽅⾯的措辞有相应变化， 对⽐ 年与 年专⼋写作真题所列评分参考依据即可知。 2010 2019 年专⼋写作真题评分参考依据表述为： 2010 Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness. ⽽ 年专⼋写作真题评分参考依据表述为： 2019 Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 前者参考的依据是：内容、组织结构、语⾔、得体性，⽽后者参 考的依据是：内容相关性、内容充分性、组织结构、语⾔质量。 ⼆、专⼋写作指导 关于专⼋考试写作题型的答题步骤 1. 前⾯提到，题型调整之后的专⼋写作为材料作⽂形式，需要考⽣ 先阅读材料（最近⼏年⼀直为观点或⾓度不同的两则材料，每则材料 词左右），再总结两则材料各⾃的观点或⾓度，根据⾃⼰对材料所 200 涉及的话题的理解，选取⽀持某⼀⽅、反对另⼀⽅，或者提出第三种 观点或⾓度，并加以阐述，写⼀篇不少于 词的作⽂。 300 由此可知，在考场上，考⽣完成专⼋写作题型需要经历以下四个 主要的步骤。 第⼀步：审题写作⽂之前，考⽣务必先仔细阅读题⽬，看清楚写作的要求。专 ⼋写作题⽬会明确告知考⽣仔细阅读两则关于某⼀话题的材料，考⽣ 务必抓住这⼀信息，知道两则材料是关于什么话题的。其次，题⽬还 会要求考⽣先总结两则材料，再就材料所涉及的话题，尤其是该话题 的某个⽅⾯，发表⾃⼰的看法。 第⼆步：阅读材料 在审清题⽬之后，要根据题⽬的要求阅读两则材料。阅读材料有 ⼀定的窍门，⼀般⽽⾔，两则材料的观点会针锋相对，或者⾓度⼤相 径庭，所以，我们⾸先要根据题⽬提供的话题并结合两则材料各⾃的 标题，预判两则材料的核⼼观点是什么。两则材料⽆⾮是⼀则⽀持某 ⼀观点，⽽另⼀则⽀持相反的观点，我们阅读的⽬的就是要证实⾃⼰ 的预判。这样做的⽬的是为后⾯的步骤节省宝贵的时间。 第三步：谋篇布局 谋篇布局就是构思和搭建写作框架。审题并阅读材料后，考⽣要 确定⽂章该分⼏个段落，每个段落该写什么，应该采⽤哪些材料来论 证和阐述⾃⼰的观点。这个过程可以通过列提纲和头脑⻛暴的形式来 实现，最好是在草稿纸上先列出提纲，⾄少把论点及各段的主题句以 及⽂章的结论列出，形象地说，也就是搭建⽂章的⾻架。当然，如果 觉得时间不够⽤，也可以在⼼⾥进⾏，即打腹稿。 第四步：下笔成⽂ ⾛完了前⾯三个步骤，就该下笔成⽂了。下笔成⽂依赖于考⽣平 时的写作功底，包括语⾔⽂字功底、逻辑思考能⼒以及论述阐述能 ⼒。在⾏⽂的过程中，考⽣可以参考两则材料，甚⾄转述两则材料的 内容，但切忌直接摘抄。写完⽂章后，如果时间允许，需要检查⼀ 遍，纠正拼写和语法错误。 关于专⼋写作的⼏点注意事项 2.如何总结材料 ※ 对于当前的专⼋材料作⽂，考⽣可以采⽤两种⽅式对材料进⾏总 结。第⼀种是直截了当式，⽐如， （两则材料所涉及的共同话 As for... 题） , some people believe that... However, many others hold the idea ；第⼆种是隐含式总结，⽐如， that... With the international cooperation and globalization, the cultural communication is more frequent than ever in （⾃然引⼊话题） our history ... So many Chinese young people are obsessed with... However, despite the influence of foreign culture, our 两种⽅式只要运⽤得当，都可 culture has also influenced other cultures. 以作为专⼋写作开篇的材料归纳总结模式。 如何搭建写作框架 ※ 关于⽂章框架， 词的专⼋作⽂，有两种模式可以推荐给各位考 300 ⽣。 ⼀种是三段式。⽐如⾸段 词，中间段落 词左右，尾段 词 100 140 60 左右。 以话题 （你如何看待完美？）为例， How do you view perfection? 我们在写作过程中，⾸段先总结两则材料的观点，然后提出⾃⼰对 完 “ 美 的界定，如 第⼆段就可以针对 ” Perfection is actually a state of mind. 该观点进⾏阐述，如就作者个⼈⽽⾔， The conventional standard for perfection is way too strict and boring under which life would become tedious. However, we shall be happier when we view perfection as the 那么如何正确审视完美呢？接下来可以列举 satisfaction from ourselves. ⼀些做法和建议，如： To truly get a satisfying and happy personality, we need to reduce the comparisons with others. And also, we need to 以上关于完美的两点论述是紧密相连 appreciate our own advantages. 的，因此在⼀段中叙述。结尾段需要明确结论，可以是重申论点，或 者进⾏升华。另⼀种是四段式，也是⼀种常⻅的写作模式。⽐如⾸段 词，两 100 个中间段各 词左右，尾段 词即可。也可以是⾸段 词，两个中 80 40-50 80 间段各 词左右，尾段 词。⼤概⽤⼀段作为⽂章的开头，引出观 90 40-50 点，展开论述。⽤两段的⽂字的数量去论述⾃⼰的观点，每⼀段的开 头点出本段想要论述的分论点，⼀整段的内容才能围绕⾃⼰的论点展 开。最后⼀段是结尾段，⾔有尽，意⽆穷，考⽣应该在结尾处呼应⾃ ⼰的开头处。若是话题较为宽泛，最好做到阐述清楚⼊世的观点，表 达出世的情怀。⽐如作⽂题⽬是 ，那么，⾸段 Technology and Our Life 我们就可以提出观点 。第 Technology influences our life in many aspects ⼆段我们阐述科技对⽣活的积极影响 Technology provides numerous 。第三段我们阐述科技对⽣活的负⾯影响 convenience for our life 。尾段进⾏结论 Technology actually impacts human relationships We as the inventors of various technologies should make them build a better 。 society and also avoid its bad influence as much as possible ⼀般来讲，四段式的作⽂结构⽐三段式的更加清晰，⾸段提出论 点，第⼆、三段论证，第四段总结，这样的模式也更容易掌握。 如何做到论述条理清晰 ※ 对于具体段落的论述，要做到条理清晰，⽽条理清晰体现在分点 论述⽅⾯。对于专⼋写作⽽⾔，具体段落的论述可以分两点或三点， 当然，特殊情况下，还可以分更多点。分两点论述，⼀般可采⽤ On 的⽅式来展开，⽽分三点论述，则 the one hand, ... On the other hand, ... 可以采⽤ 或 Firstly, ... Furthermore, ... Besides, ... First, ... Second, .... Third, 等⽅式引出。分点表述的⽅法还有很多，在这⾥不⼀⼀列举。分点 ... 表述的⽬的就是为了保证论证或阐述的条理性，让⼈⼀⽬了然。 如何收尾 ※ ⽂章的结论，也不容忽视，⼀般采取⾸尾呼应或升华的⽅式。⾸ 尾呼应，就是结尾再次重申论点，强调⼀遍⾃⼰的论点，当然，表述形式要和开头的⽅式有所区别；升华，⼀般有多种形式，可以是提出 建议或意⻅，还可以是启发读者做更多的思考等。结尾时常⽤的表达 形式为 等。 To conclude, In conclusion, To sum, In a word, In general 如何增加作⽂亮点 ※ 要获得⾼分，语⾔必须通顺流畅，⽽且要有亮点，即有出彩的地 ⽅。平时应注意积累⾼级表达⽅式，熟练掌握⾼级句式，能⽤更为准 确和多样化的词和句式来表达，只有这样才能提升作⽂的档次，让阅 卷者眼前⼀亮，对你的作⽂⻘睐有加。第⼆部分 ⾼分范⽂ 篇 100 教育学习篇 Essay 001 ⼤学教育应该以职业为导向吗？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on college education, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. comment on college education, especially on the future of it. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Career-Oriented Education Prepares Us for Our Future Nowadays, many graduates are facing difficulties in finding a job. The competitive market is fierce for these fresh faces in society. It seems that the hardship in beginning a career keeps pace with the rising number ofgraduates. The surprising phenomenon is that while so many college students are struggling to find a job, many companies are also making great efforts to find employees. The two seemingly similar needs of college students and companies cause much confusion about the deeper reason accounting for the situation. College education content has been doubted nowadays. Considering that universities are not doing enough to prepare students for their future jobs, many people maintain that college education should be career-oriented to solve the problem. “I graduated from college three years ago. I was panicked when I first began my work. I learned most of the practical skills in my work. Sometimes it makes me wonder the meaning of going to college. I think it is not a personal issue. Many graduates have the same thoughts as me. I think more career-oriented education is needed in universities,” said an employee. Excerpt 2 College Is the Paradise for the Mind With the proposal of adding more career education in college to help students find good jobs, the opposite voice is heard. From the birth of college, it is always a place full of the admiration of great minds and rich knowledge. It is in the spirit of caring less about pay. Many great people are groomed in the campus. “If someone is expecting to use what he or she has learned to find a better job, I think two choices are available. The first is to be the best in his or her own major and be a strong employee in the competitive market. The second is to go to a vocational school. I mean, that is the place for career training and also a better place for the people who study only for finding a job,” says a college student. No one can deny that every college graduate will eventually serve society. The point is skills are the frame of a picture. The infinite knowledge of the world is the picture that we need to paint carefully, for it is the part where we can get appreciation. So college education should not be career-oriented.审题⽴意 ⼤学⽣就业⼀直是社会所关注的重点问题之⼀，考⽣需要在阅读 两则材料的基础上，分析⼤学教育倾向职业教育的利与弊，并给出⾃ ⼰的观点。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点。考虑到⼤学⽣的就业问题，许多 ⼈表⽰⼤学的教育应该倾向于职业教育。另⼀⽅⾯，很多⼈表⽰⼤学 应该注重学⽣的知识培养、素质教育。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⼤学教育的⽅向对于学⽣的未来影响深远， 不应该以就业为导向，但是学校应该给学⽣们提供或推荐多样的平 台，让他们有锻炼⾃⼰的机会。 总结观点，⼤学旨在培养全⽅⾯发展的学⽣，若是过于偏向职 业教育，恐怕会本末倒置。 精彩范⽂ Find the Right Niche for Ourselves With the hardship students have confronted in finding jobs, they have been given the advice of receiving more career-oriented education in college. Some of them are holding on to the idea that school knowledge is not useful. That practical skills are mostly learned after graduation, while college doesn't play a role well in paving the way for their future career. However, this is perverting the truth. Considering that going to college is the opportunity for us to reshape our souls and characteristics, many people loath the idea of turning colleges into career-oriented ones. As far as I am concerned, various platforms are necessary, but colleges should never find their bearings in career-training orientation. (Viewpoint) On the one hand, it is widely accepted that students need to face a strong competitive market after graduation. (Topic sentence) So careercourses in college are necessary. Many students are complaining about the estrangement between them and society. Therefore, despite the regular career-related courses, the various practical activities that manipulate the real working situation are helpful to make students fret less about the future. But on the other hand, education in college can be overwhelming if you're constantly worried about jobs. (Topic sentence) Personally speaking, the true meaning of studying in college is the exploration of human society; the pursuing of truth; the improving of one's soul and being a noble person. If we turn colleges into career-oriented ones, then we are detracting from the merit of college. Digressing from the point of a higher education, college may fail to cultivate masterminds for society. While college is not a new version of vocational school or training school, it doesn't mean universities have no duty for the students' future career development. (Conclusion) Focusing on assisting students being elites in their own majors and morality, college should also supply them with multiple platforms. 主题词汇 合适的职位 the right niche 颠倒是⾮ pervert the truth 重塑 reshape vt. 憎恨；厌恶 loath vt. 找到位置，认清⽅向 find one's bearings 疏远 estrangement n. 为 烦恼 fret about …… 贬低 的功绩 detract from the merit of …… 离开要点 digress from the point 亮点句式Focusing on assisting students being elites in their own majors and morality, college should also supply them with multiple platforms. 【译⽂】 专注于帮助学⽣们成为专业精英与道德模范，⼤学还应 该为学⽣们提供多样的平台。 【分析】 意为 为某⼈提供某物 ，此短语也可 supply sb. with sth. “ ” 表达抽象语义，如 为信念献上我的灵魂 可以表达为 “ ” supply my belief 。 with my soulEssay 002 ⼤学教育的必要性 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the importance of going to college, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the necessity of going to college, especially in modern society. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 A Hero May Rise from Nowhere Considering the high cost of higher education and the difficulties in finding jobs after college graduation, many people began to doubt the necessity of receiving a higher education. It seems that a bachelor degree is neither a guarantee of good employment nor the essential condition for success nowadays. According to the report published by the Hurun Research Institute, half of the 2,000 Chinese billionaires have no further education degree. The fact is that many of them were graduates from vocational schools or middle schools. If any inspiration can be attained from the report, then it must be the weighing of social practice and theoretical knowledge.In the past, young people may be told that they need to attend college to get a good job, but not today. Besides the trend that college students are no longer the representation of talent, there are many jobs that require specialized training which cannot be learnt in college, and thus an early dedication to a job is the best choice. For instance, many positions only require high school diplomas as long as the candidate has excellent working abilities. Without higher education, we can still earn a living in a decent way. Excerpt 2 A Lifelong Awakening in College Colleges as the specialized institutions of higher learning and scientific research are important in our society. It's in college that we receive the systematic knowledge of a certain field. It's also in college that we transform ourselves. It's in college that we learn the power of thinking. As Albert Einstein said, “The value of a college education is not the learning of many facts but the training of the mind to think.” Life is a long journey that requires the ability to think. With higher qualifications needed at the working place, a bachelor degree is a prerequisite. If you don't have a college degree, then you may not even get a job interview. And as a miniature view of society, college also cultivates our interpersonal abilities and the skills that are conductive to our future. For the poor kids in remote areas, college may be a guarantee which gets them out of poverty. For the whole nation, the civilized level will be greatly improved if the bulk of the citizens have received college education. It's hard to measure the exact value of college, for its profound meaning isn't the simple collection of the lessons. 审题⽴意 在当今的社会环境下，很多⼈提出了社会经验⽐理论知识更有利 于个⼈发展的观点。他们认为，年轻⼈不上⼤学直接步⼊社会可以积累更多的实践经验，反⽽是受过⼤学教育的⼤学⽣毕业之后⽆处可就 业的现象屡⻅不鲜。与之截然相反的观点是，⼤学是培养学⽣独⽴精 神与思考能⼒的殿堂，不仅⼤学学历在很多职业招聘中是基本条件， 对于很多贫困家庭出⾝的孩⼦来说，上⼤学或许是他们摆脱贫困的最 佳⽅式之⼀。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，很多⼈不需要⼤学学 历也能成功；另⼀⽅⾯，读⼤学是⼈⽣中⼗分必要的经历。 发表⾃⼰的观点。读⼤学对于孩⼦们来讲是⼗分必要的。 知 “ 识就是⼒量 这⼀信念永远不会过时。 ” 总结观点。那些看似没有读⼤学⽽成功的⼈所付出的努⼒是我 们望尘莫及的。在⼤学期间好好学习，培养独⽴⼈格会使我们更顺利 地⾯对⽣活与⼯作。 精彩范⽂ The Eureka Moments on Campus Seeing the hard employment situation for college graduates and the successful life without college degree, many people begin to doubt if college education is as important as we have always believed. Some refer to the example of celebrities who don't have college experience and consider a bachelor diploma no longer the prerequisite to success. Others insist that college is not only a place of instructing knowledge but also a place where young people can shape their souls and minds. I believe that college has a sacred existence in our society. The pure pursuit of truth and the ardent support for knowledge in college should never be sullied. College education is definitely important for one's life. (Viewpoint) In the first place, the knowledge we gain from college is valuable. (Topic sentence) Actually, what matters most is not the paper that shows your educational background. The courses we take and the affections we getfrom classmates and teachers shall all become the invisible knowledge that reshapes us. We have internalized these experiences over time. And we can understand new things more easily in life with our knowledge learned from college. Surely the knowledge can be learned in many ways. But if a plane can take you to your destination in a faster and safer way, then why bother considering going by foot? In the second place, there's no better way to implement poverty alleviation than giving higher education to young people from poor families. (Topic sentence) We have all witnessed the change in employment qualifications in the past decades. A conservative conclusion is that we will lose our ideal career because of the absence of a college degree. A serious inference is that we may find it hard to find a job without college experience. Under such circumstances, only by receiving a college education can we expect success in job hunting. Although we cannot say college education is the panacea in our life, the majority of society is having recourse to college education for a better life. (Conclusion) The figures who become successful without college degrees are the strong soldiers that survived in the fierce battle in which most of others who did not receive a higher education fail. 主题词汇 顿悟时刻 eureka moment 先决条件 prerequisite n. 神圣的 sacred adj. 玷污 sully vt. 扶贫 poverty alleviation 推论 inference n. 万灵丹，万能药 panacea n. 求助于 have recourse to亮点句式 But if a plane can take you to your destination in a faster and safer way, then why bother considering going by foot? 【译⽂】 如果⻜机能让你更快更安全地到达⽬的地，那为什么还 烦恼要不要步⾏呢？ 【分析】 该句运⽤⽐喻⼿法，其深层含义是⼤学能够更快、更⾼ 效地传授给我们知识，我们⼜何必⾮要通过社会经历去曲折地学习这 些知识呢。在英语作⽂中，适当使⽤修辞⼿法，可以使⽂章语⾔更加 ⽣动、形象，说理更加透彻。Essay 003 关于学校考试 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about examinations in school, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards examinations, especially your opinion on its necessity. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Knowing Students Better Through Tests Taking a test is one of the most important activities in school. A test or examination, or sometimes called the exam and evaluations, is the assessment that measures the knowledge, the skills, the aptitude or the physical aspects of the participants. To have a smooth graduation, a student has to go through various forms of tests that include verbal or nonverbal ones, and the ones on paper or on computer to meet the requirements for their studies. Although testing in school is not welcomed by every student, it is a good way to examine their knowledge level and academic aptitude. From primary school to universities, exams are necessary for the teachers to know the level of skills and knowledge of their students. Besides, the process oftesting will train students' ability to manage their time, express their thought in a proper way and even use punctuality appropriately. Without examinations, it is hard for teachers to evaluate a student's level. A test result is relatively scientific and objective since it goes beyond the abstract description of a student's daily performance and shows us a direct score. Moreover, the students' motivation towards study can be strengthened with a test. With proper guidance, the tension brought by the examinations will help students to concentrate on their studies in class. Excerpt 2 A Nightmare for Students Although many people consider examinations as feedback on students' knowledge level, they are often nightmares for some of the participants. For students, examinations mean intense preparation and strained output within limited time. What is worse is that the grades they get from the tests usually influence their life a lot later. The high pressure that exams have brought has exerted a bad influence on some students' life. Sometimes, a terrible test result cannot give us any hint about a participant's true ability. For students who live in a grade- oriented environment, an unsatisfying score can be a devastating disaster to their emotions. In addition, for students who are not good at taking examinations, a low score in the test may make them lose interest in the subject since a poor performance on an examination is usually considered as a low ability in the subject. At the same time, considering the general truth that many students cram for an examination, test as a short and concentrated form cannot reflect a student's long-term memory of the knowledge. In such cases, the major content in the examinations can be forgotten much sooner than we expect. What is worse, many students perform really well in an examination but fail to acquire any long-term thinking ability. 审题⽴意当今社会，⼈们对于学校考试的看法众说纷纭。⻓久以来，考试 是社会进⾏⼈才选拔的重要⼿段之⼀。对于学校考试⽽⾔，它是教师 ⽤来检测学⽣掌握知识情况的有效⽅式，也是督促学⽣集中精⼒学习 的⼀种⼿段，但是由于考试会给学⽣造成压⼒，它对⼀些学⽣的⾝⼼ 发展具有⼀定的负⾯影响，因此，有不少⼈质疑考试的必要性。对于 考试的利弊之争，考⽣可结合⾃⾝体会发表看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，考试成绩是学⽣学习 效果的⼀个反馈，通过这种⼿段，学⽣在学习过程中的薄弱环节得以 被发现。另⼀⽅⾯，考试成绩⾄上的学校氛围也给学⽣造成了⼼理压 ⼒，⽽且，考试前短期内⾼强度的复习通常⽆助于知识的牢固掌握。 发表⾃⼰的观点。考试作为⼀种考评⼿段在学校教学中的作⽤ 是不可忽视的，也是必要的，但是以成绩评判⼀切的⻛⽓应该遭到批 判。学⽣们应正视考试存在的意义，保持良好的⼼态。 总结观点。学校考试是考查学⽣学习状况的有效⼿段，考试所 带来的负⾯作⽤的根源在于我们对考试成绩投⼊过多的关注，从⽽使 考试的积极作⽤⼤打折扣。 精彩范⽂ School Exams Are Necessary Examination results in schools are always discussed by students and teachers. On the one hand, exams are used to check students' knowledge level at one stage so that the following teaching can cater to their needs; on the other hand, exams are burdens on students' shoulders, making them constantly feel under pressure. In my opinion, exams are necessary in daily teaching and learning. Yet nowadays we have paid too much attention to grades. (Viewpoint)Firstly, the functions of exams cannot be denied. (Topic sentence) The test paper is actually the collection of the important knowledge points learned. Therefore, through examination, students will have an overview on what they have studied recently and the clear awareness of their weakness after the examination. The grades are not only the feedback for the teachers to receive from students; they can also cause students to have some reflections. Secondly, efforts should be made to reduce students' stress. (Topic sentence) It is undeniable that the whole society has clapped eyes on the grades all the time. Students under excessive pressure of getting a high score in exams will possibly perform even worse. The stifling atmosphere in their school could ruin their interest in studying and even cause psychic traumas. Surely, scores are the obvious evidences of students' academic performance, but letting the scores do the talking for the students is really a cruel pattern. In all, exams as a teaching tool and a learning method should be used properly so that students shall not fall prey to the scores. (Conclusion) It does not mean that we should cancel examinations but we just cannot turn them into a one and only task. After all, scores are provisional but the sound development of the students benefits them for life. 主题词汇 处于压⼒之下 under pressure 沉思，反思；反映 reflection n. 注视 clap eyes on 沉闷的 stifling adj. 精神创伤 psychic trauma 成为 的牺牲品 fall prey to …… 暂时的 provisional adj. 健全的 sound adj.亮点句式 Surely, scores are the obvious evidences of students' academic performance, but letting the scores do the talking for the students is really a cruel pattern. 【译⽂】 当然，成绩是学⽣学业表现的直接体现，但是⽤分数说 话的模式实在残酷。 【分析】 意为 讲话；做代⾔⼈ ，也就是以 let sth. do the talking “ ” 某事作为评判标准，是⼀种形象的表达，考⽣在写作⽂时可以借鉴使 ⽤，令作⽂的语⾔更加⽣动。Essay 004 ⼤学⽣该不该穿校服？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on college uniform, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards college uniform, especially your opinion on the necessity or unnecessity of it. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Uniform for Students Many social groups and organizations have their unified suits as one of the symbols for their members to identify where they belong. For the students, school uniforms are unique. But compared with younger students, college students are mostly not asked to wear uniforms nowadays. A uniform is the direct representation of a school. From the designing idea to the selection of the color, every detail of the uniform is supposed to indicate the educational concept of the school. For the students who wear these uniforms, being surrounded by the same clothes shall make them more comfortable. Having a natural sense of belonging and group consciousness, the students will have a stronger sense of honor which is the fountain of self-discipline.In addition, a uniform helps create a more study-friendly campus. Wearing the same clothes, the comparison between clothes is unobvious among these young people and more attention can be paid to their study. And another evident advantage of a uniform is the increasing of security assurance in the school. With students all in their uniforms, any outsider in the school is well-marked. Excerpt 2 A Liberticidal Regulation With the updating and modernization of society, college students are recognized as the fresh power in the social construction. The future social development depends on these young people to a certain degree. In the era of technology and information, the innovative and creative abilities of the college students are especially important. Yet the regulation of wearing a uniform doesn't contribute to the cultivation of characteristics. On the contrary, students are becoming more and more docile. As time goes by, the ability to think independently and critically is decreased. And college students are not so enthusiastic about wearing school uniforms. According to a survey conducted by Sina, about 44.6% of the interviewees considered school uniforms as ugly. The data is actually not surprising. Uniforms have become the dictator in many children's wardrobe from the day they entered school. For these students, uniforms are the representation of rules and limitations. College should be the place where young people break the restrains of mind and gradually be an independent citizen, and therefore uniforms are not necessary. 审题⽴意 ⼤学⽣应不应该穿校服是很多⼈经常讨论的话题。基础教育阶段 的学⽣⼤都有校服，有些学校还要求学⽣在校期间必须穿校服，在⼤ 学却没有这样的规定。有⼈提出校服是⼀所学校⻛貌的体现，⼤学⽣ 穿校服会增加集体感和荣誉感，减少不良的攀⽐；但是另⼀⽅⾯，也有⼈认为⼤学⽣已经⻓⼤成⼈，有个性的需求，应该⿎励他们发展个 性，不必再穿校服了。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点。 结合校园⽣活的实际，表达个⼈观点。观点应该联系⼤学的校 园⻛⽓，⼤学⽣的良性发展等⽅向。 总结观点：校园的良好⻛⽓是学⽣健康成⻓必不可少的条件。 校服在校园的⻛⽓建设中可能起着很⼤的作⽤。 精彩范⽂ The Connotation of Uniforms Recently, whether students should wear uniforms in college has triggered hot discussion. Some people believe that a uniform is the representation of a school and students can have a stronger sense of belonging in uniforms. For a student, a uniform is the evident symbol to identify who they are. But others insist that universities are not like kindergartens in which students are too young to be independent or do not need to form their personal traits. Therefore, uniforms are not needed in college. As a college student, I think uniforms are necessary. (Viewpoint) On the one hand, a fine school atmosphere needs uniforms. (Topic sentence) The spirit behind the uniforms is group recognition. And active restraints of personal behaviors are related with uniforms. Many people worry that students can be infertile in imagination because of wearing the same uniform as others. But in my opinion, the worry is actually unnecessary. The time they saved from considering which clothes are trendy can be spent on learning. On the other hand, the characteristics of students are not strangled by uniforms. (Topic sentence) Surely there is nothing wrong for college students to challenge tradition and add new color to the world. Butthe point is, the breakthroughs are not about appearances. The real change lies in mind and thought. Being mentally abundant is the true spirit. Wearing uniforms is not the limitation; on the contrary, it is minimizing distinctions like being fashionable and obsolete. The orthodoxy in the uniforms means a lot for college students, especially in our era which paces faster than ever. (Conclusion) Uniforms remind college students of their identity so that they can focus more on studying in college which is the real task for them but has been forgotten by many young people for a long time. 主题词汇 涵义 connotation n. 个性特点 personal trait 缺乏的 infertile adj. 时髦的 trendy adj. 开发；利⽤ exploitation n. 过时的 obsolete adj. 正统的观念 orthodoxy n. 亮点句式 The time they saved from considering which clothes are trendy can be spent on learning. 【译⽂】 他们考虑最近流⾏什么服饰的时间可以省下来去学习。 【分析】 该句论述的是相⽐于将时间花费在打扮外表上，不如花 时间⽤知识武装头脑。这样的句式可以⽤在很多作⽂话题中。Essay 005 ⽹络教学之我⻅ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on online teaching, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the new education approach, especially your opinion on the relationship between school education and online courses. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Online Teaching Is Flexible With the access of Internet, online courses have become a trendy way to learn. The new form of teaching is getting more and more popular, for it provides the convenience of having lectures and courses whenever and wherever we want. Breaking through the limits of time and space, online teaching also balances educational resources. By studying online, students are free to choose the teachers they like which can greatly motivate their interest in studying. Thus, the spirit of self-study is cultivated and the consciousness of choosing a suitable learning style is formed. What's attractive about online courses can also include its ideal model of learning. With the help of theinfinite knowledge storage, we can do an instant online search when we are puzzled. Normally in school, the teachers may spare no time for us to figure out what we don't understand, for they have to take care of all the students, or at least the majority of the class. Online courses are available for both students and citizens. For the working class, taking online courses is a wonderful choice. The online courses are flexible. No matter what your occupation is and when your work ends, you can always have classes after work or in your free time with the abundant online courses available. Excerpt 2 Face to Face Teaching is More Effective Although online courses are going viral with the advantages of flexibility and convenience, traditional school education is more influential on students' learning and personalities. School education provides the opportunity for teachers and students to be really intimate with each other, which is quite helpful for teaching and learning. The school education can proceed without demanding facilities. For the realistic causes and emotional reasons, school education is still the main way for students to acquire knowledge nowadays. Taken in fixed classrooms and dominated by certain teachers, classes in school are more effective. Like the profound role Ms Sullivan played in Helen Keller's life, a teacher's company means a lot to a child. A good teacher can always lift the students' interest with his or her charisma. And the influence is beyond the imparting of knowledge to them. Despite the above, certain subjects cannot be finished through online courses. If we want to teach a little girl paper folding, it's better to correct the procedures face to face so that you can show where she went wrong. Through online teaching, however, the correction may take several minutes or even longer to be clear. 审题⽴意⽹络教学利⽤互联⽹和计算机，⽇益成为⼀种重要的教学⼿段。 相⽐于传统的课堂教学，⽹络教学更加灵活⽅便，也更能培养学⽣的 ⾃主学习能⼒。同时，⽹络教学打破了时空的限制，对于时间⽐较紧 张，尤其是已经⼯作的⼈来说，想要进⼀步学习提升⾃⼰，⽹络学习 是⼀种⼗分便捷的⽅式。虽然⽹络教学有其优势，但是传统的教学所 包含的不仅仅是知识的传授，它更饱含着师⽣之间的良好感情，⽽对 于个⼈的发展⽽⾔，⽼师对学⽣的影响是⼗分深远的。考⽣可以在阅 读两则材料的基础上，结合⽬前的社会趋势，发表⾃⼰对于传统的教 学⽅式和⽹络教学的⻅解。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的⽹络教学与传统教学的利弊分析。 发表⾃⼰的观点。此观点应该是关于⽬前的学习⽅式的探讨。 观点的灵活性很⼤。可以从学习主体⼊⼿，对于⼤部分学⽣来说，在 学校接受课堂学习是主要的学习⼿段，⽽在课余时间，⽹络教学是⼀ 种辅助⼿段；对于⼯作的⼈来说，可以通过⽹络教学来进⾏⾃我提 升。 总结观点。随着科技的发展，学习⽅式会越来越多样。在林林 总总的学习⽅法中，我们要学会选择适合⾃⼰的⽅法。 精彩范⽂ Be the Cult of Knowledge With the development of the Internet, online courses have gained spontaneous growth and enthralled many learners these years. As is commonly acknowledged, online teaching is not limited by time and space. On the pros and cons of online teaching, different people have different opinions. Some admire the flexibility and accessibility of online teaching and propose it is a trendy way in learning, while others stick to the point that traditional school education is more complete and systematic. Frommy point of view, the using of two methods depends on individual choices, and the cooperation of two types of education may maximize the learning efficiency to zenith. (Viewpoint) First of all, online teaching provides many learning resources and adjustable class time. (Topic sentence) The convenience of online courses provides the possibility of lifelong study for all citizens. For people who have already started the occupational life, online courses can solve the dilemma of time management and self-improvement. On the other hand, however, school education is what we call formal education. It can be more effective. (Topic sentence) Teachers and students are spending more time together and the class time is regular so that every student can settle into a study routine. The bond between the teacher and the students can be a huge power to help students become better people. From the statement above, we can get the idea that each of the methods has its advantages and the selection depends on the study needs. (Conclusion) For the students and children, surely the school education should be the staple food and online courses are the desserts, for they may not be ready for a self-reliant study model. For the grown-ups, online study may be the perfect choice. As college students who are both students and adults, we can try to make the two ways join hands to promote our study. 主题词汇 狂热信徒 cult n. 迷住，使着迷 enthrall vt. 利弊，优缺点 pros and cons 顶峰；顶点 zenith n. 可调节的 adjustable adj. 困境；进退两难 dilemma n. 纽带 bond n.主⾷ staple food 亮点句式 As is commonly acknowledged, online teaching is not limited by time and space. 【译⽂】 公认的是，⽹络教学不受时空的限制。 【分析】 意为 ⼤家都认同的 As is commonly acknowledged “ 是 。该句型可以⽤在作⽂的⾸段，⽤来引出观点。 ……”Essay 006 留学之我⻅ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about studying abroad, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards studying in foreign countries, especially on its influence on the students. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Be Enlivened by Life Abroad Whether it's for a short time or a long period, studying abroad can be a very rewarding experience in a person's life. It may be a dream of many young people to fly to another country and have a totally different life. Leading a life abroad means getting in touch with different cultures and environments as well as being open to new things to enhance the acceptance and tolerance ability. By studying abroad, we have the opportunity to see new natural sceneries and wonders, get in touch with different cultures and customs and also make new friends from all over the world. For most people, studying abroad is a chance to acquire different knowledge of their majors that theymay not have been exposed to when they are home. Also, acquiring a new language is definitely an extra benefit of studying abroad. There is so much to be gained from a foreign study experience. We witness a complete new way of life, face new challenges and open our mind to a whole new world. Such an experience has the power of changing personalities and lives. Excerpt 2 Adverse Situations for Overseas Students Studying abroad is exciting, yet life abroad might not always be filled with rainbows and flowers. The environments are different from region to region, not to mention between countries. Some of the differences like the weather and architecture are obvious, while other differences like the cultures are subtle. Culture shock is the first challenge one might meet while abroad. It is an experience we have when we move to a new cultural environment. The unfamiliar or even totally strange way of life, the changing of social atmosphere, and being far from friends and family are all the causes of culture shock. Another obstacle for studying abroad is the fees. Although the fees vary from countries and universities, studying abroad can always cost a lot. And the number can be a challenge that breaks the study plan. Finally, assuming that one has smoothly gone through the adaptation and the study period, a reverse culture shock can appear when one gets back to his or her motherland which suggests that it's hard for them to fit in the original environment. 审题⽴意 出国留学者除了得到专业上的提升以外，留学者通过接触国外的 社会⽂化环境，了解国外的⺠俗⻛情，能进⼀步拓宽⾃⼰的⻅识，让 ⾃⼰得到提升。此外，出国的经历也被视作 镀⾦ 的过程，因此受到 “ ” 追捧。然⽽，出国留学也有其弊端。⾸先，留学费⽤较⾼，⾮普通家庭所能承受，许多家⻓不惜倾尽所有，为孩⼦留学做准备；另⼀⽅ ⾯，国外的学校也分三六九等；再者，对于留学的⼈来说，从出国到 回国要经历两次⽂化冲击，也是对适应能⼒的⼀个挑战。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，出国留学促进个⼈发 展；另⼀⽅⾯，留学也并⾮是⼀个简单的过程，需要考虑很多因素。 发表⾃⼰的观点。能够拥有⼀段留学经历是很好的，但是我们 也不能盲⽬跟⻛ 留学热 ，要审慎对待。 “ ” 总结观点。 读万卷书，⾏万⾥路 ，接触新环境与不同⽂化是 “ ” 个⼈进步的助⼒，只是增⻓⻅识、加强专业技能并⾮出国留学独有的 优势，我们在保持开放⼼态的同时也应了解 外国的⽉亮并不⽐中国 “ 圆 。 ” 精彩范⽂ My Opinion on Studying Abroad A discussion is always to be had on the issue of studying abroad. The exhilarating experience of studying in a foreign country is attractive to most people. Studying abroad broadens our horizons and even changes our outlooks on life. Yet studying abroad is not without blemish. The cost and the cultural handicap have always dragged the overseas students into a trying situation. After musing upon the issue, I assume that for different people the choice of studying abroad is different. (Viewpoint) Personal situations should be taken into account firstly before we decide to study abroad. (Topic sentence) By personal situations, we mean both the financial condition and the personalities. It's definitely unwise to burden our family with our personal desire to get a graduation certification from a foreign university. We need to consider the balance of cost and revenue. Also, personal characteristics should be considered. The studyresult wouldn't be satisfied if someone couldn't fit in the foreign life. And this could be caused by many reasons like age, characteristics, etc. The second opinion I would like to illustrate here is the intention of studying abroad. (Topic sentence) People who study abroad may have different purposes. Some would really look forward to a fulfilled life in another country which is tense but with expectancy, while others would just follow the trend blindly assuming that they would be more competitive in the future job market only if they got a diploma from abroad. For the latter, things may go contrary to their wishes in the end. There is no doubt that studying abroad is a great opportunity to improve ourselves, yet it is not the only way. For different people, the meaning of studying abroad differs. The fad of studying abroad and the blind worship of foreign education should not be supported in our society. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 令⼈愉快的 exhilarating adj. 视野 horizon n. ⼈⽣观 outlook on life ⼩缺点 blemish n. ⽂化障碍 cultural handicap 艰难的 trying adj. 仔细思考 muse upon 成本与收益 cost and revenue ⼀时的狂热 fad n. 亮点句式 A discussion is always to be had on the issue of studying abroad.【译⽂】 关于留学的问题总是被讨论。 【分析】 句中的 意为 关于 a discussion is always to be had on... “ …… 的问题经常被讨论 ，这⼀句型考⽣可⽤在作⽂开头部分，⽤来引出作 ” ⽂主题。Essay 007 是否应限制参观⼤学校园？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on the necessity to restrict tourists visiting college campus, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion on the necessity to restrict tourists visiting college campus. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Public Influence of Colleges “Very quietly I take my leave, as quietly as I came here; quietly I wave goodbye, to the rosy clouds in the western sky.” As Xu Zhimo wrote to express his love to Cambridge, we all have deep feelings towards our alma mater as well as the respect to the great universities. Possessing an ancient history and a profound cultural value in the social progress, the brilliant campuses are attractive. Nowadays, with the higher tourism demand, more and more people are pursuing head trips. Thus they have taken visiting universities into their plan. This is definitely a good trend for the social ethos. Visiting a campus can inoculate people with knowledge. For the parents and children whovisit the campus, they can get to know the college better and it'll be helpful to make a decision in the future. The visiting of campuses is a free advertisement for the universities, too. For the universities, being visited can extend their publicity. And it'll be more convenient for the universities to introduce their culture and motto to the public. What's more, we know that tourism is a long-term industry for the economy. The attraction of the universities can be a supportive power in the local tourism development. Excerpt 2 Unpleasant Experiences in Opening up College The visiting to the campus itself is no doubt a good thing for both the tourism and the social civilization. The point is that with the coming of the tourists, many problems have been created. So some universities are considering placing limitations on the visiting activities and the number of tourists. From the problems of littering to the disturbing of the universities' order, the whole thing of visiting campuses has given us the impression of chaos. On the one hand, the universities are not public places. It's nothing like a park or a scenic spot for people to have fun. The campus is a place for college students to focus and study. On the other hand, there's no guarantee for the students' safety. The tourists are from every corner of the world. The security should be firstly taken into account when there are tourists on campus. “Sometimes I walked in the campus, and then someone would come to me and ask how many students are there in my campus. I think it is quite weird for us students. Also, sometimes there are tourists who look at us outside the window when we're having classes.” says a college student. 审题⽴意 本作⽂话题是关于参观⼤学校园的问题的，两则材料分析了允许 游客参观⼤学校园的利与弊，考⽣应在阅读材料的基础上，给出⾃⼰关于是否应该限制游客参观⼤学的看法。⼀⽅⾯，材料中提到开放⼤ 学校园对公众的⽂化与知识的熏陶是有利于社会进步的；另⼀⽅⾯， ⼤量游客的进⼊可能破坏了校园的宁静与秩序，打扰了在校师⽣正常 的学习和⽣活。考⽣应该注意考虑两⽅⾯的因素。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯的观点，开放⼤学校园给公众带来的 益处及参观给学⽣带来的困扰，然后表明⾃⼰的观点。 阐述⾃⼰的论点：⼀⽅⾯，开放校园供游⼈参观有其必要性； 另⼀⽅⾯，有必要加以限制。 总结观点，重申限制参观⼤学校园的必要性，即开放⼤学校园 供参观对公众⽽⾔是⼗分有利的事情，但是游客也应该注意不要打扰 学⽣的正常学习与校园⽣活。 精彩范⽂ A Win-Win Visiting With education being one of the most significant issues in our society, more and more people are interested in visiting colleges. The trend has showed the higher pursuit of citizens, for colleges are places for acquiring advanced knowledge or skills. The admiration we hold towards these great universities is a good sign of social progress. However, many people have proposed that the constant visiting of the tourists is disrupting the running of the universities. As far as I am concerned, proper measures must be taken to limit the number of tourists and great efforts should be made to maintain the order and the environment of universities. Campuses can be available for visiting on the condition of restriction. (Viewpoint) Basically, universities have historical significance and cultural value. The influence of colleges enlivens the whole social atmosphere. (Topic sentence) At the same time, the visiting effect can be mutual, for it is also a good chance to increase publicity of the universities. On the other hand,visiting the campus can encourage prospective students to study harder to go to an ideal university. Therefore, college campuses' being open to visitors has a positive effect on society. Although the opening is necessary, restrictions on visiting are essential, too. (Topic sentence) In view of the impact of opening college, the restrictions can be set from the following aspects. Firstly, the average number of the visitors should be limited. Before the visiting, an advanced booking call is needed. Secondly, the visiting areas should be restricted. The teaching sections should not be open from Monday to Friday. This method can ensure a quiet learning environment for students. What's more, the relevant regulations should be considered as well, such as those on littering. In conclusion, the campuses should be available for tourists as long as the regular life of college students is not interrupted. (Conclusion) After all, universities are places to study and a quiet environment is predominant. 主题词汇 双赢的 win-win adj. 破坏 disrupt vt. 激活；使有⽣⽓ enliven vt. 未来的 prospective adj. 关键的 essential adj. 确保 ensure vt. 乱扔废弃物 littering n. 主导的，处于⽀配地位 predominant adj. 亮点句式As far as I am concerned, proper measures must be taken to limit the number of tourists and great efforts should be made to maintain the order and the environment of universities. 【译⽂】 我认为，应该采取适当的措施限制参观游客的数量，也 应该努⼒去维护⼤学的秩序与环境。 【分析】 该句为两个并列形式的被动句，通常⽤来表述个⼈观点 或提出倡议等。Essay 008 教育是否拉⼤了贫富差距？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on education's influence, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards education's influence, especially on whether education widens the gap between the poor and the rich. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Opportunity to Change Fate As is globally recognized, education lays the foundation for a country's future, for it grooms talents for our society. Ever since ancient times, education has been highlighted as an integral part in both social development and in an individual's life. For those who came from poor families, learning through education was one of the most efficient ways to gain the same social status with those who were born with a gold spoon. Francis Bacon once said, “Knowledge is power”. This tremendous power has changed numerous people's fates. Nowadays, education has been endowed with richer contents and new forms. Despite the academic education, the vocational education which trains students' working skills has also made them more useful in society.Keeping pace with the social progress, education can also be accomplished on the Internet which is great news for the balancing of education resources. From Mooc (Massive Open Online Courses) to the applications in our mobile phones, which can even supervise our study, we can literally search for anything we want online. Knowledge is available for everyone and educational opportunities are far more abundant than ever. Excerpt 2 Behind the Education Pierre Bourdieu was a French sociologist who has written numerous books and proposed insightful theories towards social issues. Among his theories, he proposed that the number of people who have received advanced education is different in different social strata. The education level of a child is influenced by his/her background. In other words, among all the different factors that influence the future development of a child, family is a significant one. The reasons are multi-faceted. First, the economic inequality can be a very important reason. For the children who were born in comparatively rich families, they are nearer to the better education resources. For example, the families can afford fees of good schools and hire experienced tutors for their children. Also, environment is vital for one's growth. The richer couple has the ability to spare more time to do parenting. However, for those parents who need to struggle hard in life, they couldn't spare enough time to communicate with their children even if they want to. Besides, the social circle of the parents influences the thoughts of children. Aleksandr Pushkin was a genius in poetry. The talent was born in a noble family in which he was surrounded by the great minds in his age he grew up. Therefore, it's destined that children from better families shall get a better education and are more likely to be brilliant citizens. Thus the gap between the rich and the poor is widened gradually. 审题⽴意教育是⼈类社会进步和发展的保障，也是每个⼈成⻓中不可或缺 的过程。教育问题⼀直受到社会的普遍关注。其中，教育拉⼤了贫富 差距还是缩⼩了贫富差距⼀直饱受争议。有⼈认为，古往今来，教育 就是许多寒门学⼦打破阶级壁垒的有⼒⼯具，他们通过教育去学习知 识，从⽽改变命运，⾐锦还乡。⽽另⼀⽅⾯，有⼈认为，出⽣的环境 会极⼤地影响⼀个孩⼦可能接受的教育，富裕的家庭⾃然会给孩⼦提 供更优质的教育资源，同时还有更良好的家庭熏陶，如我们常说的书 ⾹门第等，⽽这样的循环，永远不会缩⼩社会的贫富差距。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点：教育的社会⼒量以及家庭对于教 育的影响。 发表⾃⼰的观点。针对此话题，考⽣可以灵活给出⾃⼰的观 点。是赞同教育改变命运，缩⼩社会贫富差距；还是认为良好的成⻓ 背景会提供更好的教育，从⽽使得孩⼦更出⾊，所以不同家庭的贫富 差距是不会因此缩⼩的。 总结观点。家庭环境与成⻓背景确实会极⼤地影响孩⼦们所接 受的教育的质量。但是教育本⾝就是改变与塑造的过程，寒门之⼦常 常更加珍惜所接受的教育。教育能不能缩⼩贫富差距很⼤程度上也取 决于个⼈的意志。 精彩范⽂ Education Is the Stair No one can deny the fact that education is the most important part in the shaping of one's life. Yet whether education has widened the social gap or not has aroused hot debate. Tracing back the history, some people proposed many people did change their fates and improved their social positions through education. However, others consider the differences between families are greatly influencing the children's education quality.Therefore, the gap between rich families and poor families widens, not narrows after education. From my perspective, education has narrowed the gap between the poor and the rich. (Viewpoint) The first point which is also the most important one is that in the era we are living in, we respect knowledge and education. (Topic sentence) Generally speaking, the 21st century is an era of continuous innovative knowledge economy. The person who has culture predominance will possess the advantages of competition and development. Education provides everyone with the opportunity to learn knowledge and increase personal values. In other words, the willpower you apply to your learning makes you more competitive in society. Secondly, due to the common use of the Internet, the knowledge resources and study materials are available for more students. (Topic sentence) Affiliated with famous universities, many online courses are really attractive. The household income may impact one's material life. But the aspiration of studying more can always be satisfied in modern time. Without exaggeration, the power of education is immense insomuch that it reshapes character and recognition and then changes one's destiny. (Conclusion) The differences between families are not what we can decide at the very beginning. But we can always choose the way to fend for ourselves in life. And we can say with delight that education can be a firm shield for us to fight. 主题词汇 总的来说 generally speaking 知识经济 knowledge economy 优势；主导地位 predominance n. 意志⼒ willpower n. 与 有关系 be affiliated with …… 家庭收⼊ household income 渴望 aspiration n.不夸张地 without exaggeration 照顾⾃⼰，独⽴⽣活 fend for oneself 亮点句式 And we can say with delight that education can be a firm shield. 【译⽂】 并且我们可以⾼兴地说教育就是⼀块坚固的盾牌。 【分析】 意为 ⾼兴地说某事 。作⽂中 say something with delight “ ” 常可以⽤来表达积极的观点。例如： We can say with delight that society （我们可以⾼兴地 is no longer fettered by a benighted age of superstition. 说社会早已摆脱了充满迷信的愚昧时代的桎梏了。）Essay 009 学校应不应该⼲涉⼤学⽣谈恋爱？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on the romantic relationship on campus, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards these arguments, especially your opinion on the relationship. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Pure Love on Campus The increasing number of college students devoting their time and energy to romantic relationships has caught the attention of many parents and teachers. Different opinions are held by different people. From the perspective of college students, falling in love with someone can be one of the most important memories in their college period. It is natural for young people to have a crush on someone and also they have the right to pursue love in their life. The undeniable fact is that college students today are mostly born after the millennium. They possess many different values compared with their parents. The social environment has changed a lot in their generation, thus college students today are more open and bold in pursuing love. Besides,college students are already adults. They are legally independent at this time. As we all know, the unexpected gap between two generations is influencing their relationship. Whether to refrain from dating someone at college or not is the students' choice to make. Parents and teachers should not lay their fingers on it. College students are supposed to live a life with privacy. Excerpt 2 Inappropriate Behavior in the Name of Freedom The number of college couples is increasing. With the idea that one shall be extremely regretful if he fails to have a romantic relationship in college, many college students are so into dating. Although the students' feelings are not controllable by others, many universities have tried various forces to intervene in college love, for the behaviors of these college couples are inappropriate in etiquette. “You have no idea. Literally everywhere I go, I get to see couples hugging and kissing. I feel like there's no corner for me to sit down and read books quietly. They can see only each other, sparing no room to care about others.” Says a college student who claims himself “a pathetic single dog.” Despite the uncivilized behaviors, college students are not actually mature in mind. With limited energy, they are struggling to allocate time reasonably for dating, part-time jobs and other activities. The major task in college should be studying. Besides, most college relationships end in sorrow. Graduation can change one's life tractor a lot. There are many cases that long distance separates true lovers. 审题⽴意 本作⽂题⽬为⼤学应不应该⼲涉学⽣的恋爱问题。校园恋情本应 纯净、美好，但是校园中频频出现的情侣不雅⾏为给校园正常、健康 的学习环境带来了不良影响。考⽣可以结合⾃⼰的实际⽣活体会，对 此发表看法。写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种现象，学校不应该⼲涉美好的校园恋 爱，另⼀⽅⾯，也不应该对校园中的情侣不雅⾏为不闻不问。 发表⾃⼰的观点。你是如何看待校园中的恋情的，以及学校⼲ 涉校园恋情是否合适。 总结观点，即校园恋情不应该受到学校的⼲扰，校园中出现的 情侣不雅⾏为归根结底是学⽣的道德问题，正常的恋爱不应该被⼲ 涉，道德问题需要加强重视。 精彩范⽂ Love Is not to Be Heckled, Behaviors Are The fierce debate on whether the college should intervene in the romantic relationship is a tricky issue. On the one hand, college students are adults and they have the right to have a date and love someone. They have their own luscious and vivid description of love. Their private life should not be interrupted, while on the other hand, many colleges have their reasons to be the bad ones. The common situation is that many college romances are accompanied with uncivilized behaviors which can disturb the study atmosphere of campus. I think we need to consider the two different opinions. Falling in love on campus is normal and beautiful; the point is the students will not ignore study and not disturb public order. (Viewpoint) Surely we cannot look to the students to be tractable horses and finally go on a blind date. (Topic sentence) Although many parents and teachers have proposed that college students are not mature enough to choose the right one and have a lasting relationship, the students themselves are holding the exact opposite opinions. They believe they have the absolute right to pursue their love and lead a happy life on campus. On the flip side, college students should harvest the positive energy in their love. (Topic sentence) First of all, the inappropriate behaviors should be avoided. The campus is the place for all the students, and thus wecall it a public place. The romantic relationship should cause no inconvenience to other people. Also, the best result is that college couples are cleaving the water together and promoting each other to be a better person. In conclusion, the romantic relationships in colleges are definitely available. The colleges should not take them as adverse circumstances for their students. Instead of intervening in the romantic relationships, universities need to put emphasis on moral education for their students. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 诘问；质问 heckle v. ⼲涉 intervene vi. 赏⼼悦⽬的⽣动描述 luscious and vivid description 听话的⻢ tractable horses 乘⻛破浪 be cleaving the water 不利情况 adverse circumstances 亮点句式 Instead of intervening in the romantic relationships, universities need to put emphasis on moral education for their students. 【译⽂】 ⼤学应当重视学⽣的道德教育，⽽不是去⼲涉（校园） 恋情。 【分析】 本句使⽤了三个重要表达，即 （⽽不 instead of 是 ）、 （⼲涉，⼲预）和 （重视，强 …… intervene in put emphasis on 调）。写作中适当使⽤固定表达会为作⽂增⾊，使⾏⽂更流畅，语⾔ 更⽣动。Essay 010 证霸 之我⻅ “ ” ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about getting certifications in college, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards certifications, especially your opinion on whether we should get as many certifications as we could in college. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Let Your Certifications Do the Talking Certifications given by formal organizations and government agencies define the title and the scope of a professional practice. For individuals, the certifications are the recognition to demonstrate that one has passed the standard assessment to meet the qualification of a job. The certifications have guaranteed that the person who holds the credential has satisfied the basic working standard and the basic ethical request. For young adults in college, the push to gain certifications can be the job-hunting pressures or the satisfaction of personal interest. After graduation, certifications are the direct reflections of the students' professional background. More certifications mean more advantages. Therefore, the students who have already possessed the relevantcertifications are more likely to be hired. Therefore, certifications have become powerful representations of competence which means competitive advantages and more opportunities, and may also be the stake of a higher salary after graduation. The process of getting certifications is the process of learning and improving professional abilities. The certification we get is not only a piece of paper or a simple recognition, but also the evidence that suggests our capacity in a certain area. Excerpt 2 Jack of All Trades, Master of None The craze for obtaining certifications has not faded among college students. College students believe in the convincing power of these certifications. Seeing that the majority of their peers are making an effort to get the various certifications, most young adults in college strive to be the “king” of certifications. Being immersed in the preparation for various certification examinations, college students barely have time to digest what they have acquired. Test-oriented knowledge acquisition has totally different features from the knowledge absorbing process. To gain certifications, college students usually need to have short but intensive learning sessions which is efficient but usually last for a short time. To further consider the real meaning of certifications, a question may rise about the equivalence matching degree between the credentials and the practical capacities. And the conclusion is not as optimistic as we have always believed. The enhancement of the major and the assurance of employment can surely be increased by gaining certifications. However, the magic of the certification lies in its value and persuasion. Spending a great deal of time in gaining various certifications is not better than increasing one's actual professional abilities. 审题⽴意⼤学⽣的考证热情持续⾼涨。⼤学⽣们为了增加就业筹码，在校 期间不惜⽇夜奋战，考取各种各样的证书。但是随着 证霸 就业受挫 “ ” 现象频发，⼈们开始反思证书的实际意义所在。且不论各种证书的价 值⼤⼩，很多同学在⼤学期间将有限的精⼒投⼊到各种不同证书的备 考中，看起来收获甚丰，实则专业不精，证书在就业时也⽆⽤。同 时，针对证书考试的学习多是短期且⾼强度的，多为记忆性知识⽽不 是消化性的知识。考⽣可结合⾃⼰的经历， 阐述⾃⼰对于考证的看 法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，证书是个⼈某⽅⾯专 业⽔平的体现；另⼀⽅⾯，证书繁杂多样，⽽⼤学⽣精⼒有限，考证 的学习效果并不尽如⼈意。 发表⾃⼰的观点。考取证书本⾝是⼀种积极的⾏为，应该得到 ⽀持，但是⼤学⽣应当注意不要跟⻛，要选取真正适合⾃⼰的去考， 证书在于精，不在于多。 总结观点。证书⽆疑是帮助我们就业的有⼒武器之⼀，但是盲 ⽬考证反⽽是对未来定位不清的反映。⼤学⽣应该静⼼分析⾃⼰的职 业倾向，将精⼒⽤在考取与⾃⼰职业规划相关的证书上。 精彩范⽂ Don't Be an Imprudent Learner A certification is always considered as one of the powerful proofs of one's professional knowledge and abilities. For college students who are preparing for a future career, obtaining certifications is absolutely on the list of study tasks. Yet recently, gaining certifications has been doubted even though the agreement on the necessity of the certifications has been achieved; some people worry that the fever towards certifications on campus can be meaningless. In my opinion, what counts most is not thenumber of the certifications but the actual improvement we earned in the process of gaining these credential papers. (Viewpoint) On the one hand, certifications as the evidence that tells one's knowledge and ability in a certain area are the glittering parts of our resume. (Topic sentence) There is no doubt that preparing for the certification examinations will benefit us if the study environment is relatively loose and self-dependent in college. Also, since no direct evidence can show our abilities after graduation, the credentials and grades can naturally be the representations of our effort and experiences. But on the other hand, we need to hold clear understandings of these certifications before we put effort into gaining them and also we need to ensure the equivalence between credentials and abilities. (Topic sentence) The value of a certification is the capacity behind it which suggests our advantages in a certain field. Therefore, it's really important for college students to set career goals and make an effort to get the relevant certifications. Don't take credentials as capital. Rather, consider them as the reminders of improving your expertise constantly. In conclusion, a prolific person can be an excellent one when he or she is focused. (Conclusion) Personal aims should never give way to the trend like getting as many certifications as you can. To have a fulfilled college time, students should figure out what is their future plan as early as they can and do not afflict themselves with the certifications which are beyond their grasp. 主题词汇 不理智的；轻率的 imprudent adj. 闪闪发光的 glittering adj. 专业知识 expertise n. 多产的 prolific adj. 给 让路；为 所替代 give way to …… …… 某⼈⼒量达不到；鞭⻓莫及 beyond one's grasp亮点句式 To have a fulfilled college time, students should figure out what is their future plan as early as they can and do not afflict themselves with the certifications which are beyond their grasp. 【译⽂】 要度过⼀段充实的⼤学时光，⼤学⽣们应该尽早弄清楚 他们的未来计划，不要⽤那些超出⾃⾝能⼒范围的证书来折磨⾃⼰。 【分析】 该句使⽤了固定短语 ，意为 某⼈⼒量 beyond one's grasp “ 达不到；鞭⻓莫及 ，可以经常⽤在类似的话题作⽂中。 ”Essay 011 家⻓应该给孩⼦⽴规矩吗？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on family education, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the way parents educate their children, especially your opinion on whether rules and restrictions should be made in a family to limit the children. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Lay a Good Foundation for Kids The argumentation of whether a strict family education is needed has been a popular issue in a child's education. Generally speaking, parents are trying their best to create a bright future for their children. And numerous cases have shown us how significant family education can be in one's growth. In the family, we learn how to love, respect and be a good future citizen. And it's also in the family, we learn how to stand in the line of order and civilization. Structures and disciplines are essential to a child's growth. In the upbringing process of a child, parents are shaping their character and habits.Try to imagine children as not supervised by their parents, they would do whatever they want to do, good or bad. Rules are definitely needed in a family to raise children. It's not that the rules are limiting the children in every aspect. They are the basic requirements for good behavior. As children grow up, their personalities will be changed and adjusted by other environments. But all the growth is based on one's primary recognitions. Thus, parental guidance is like the base of the pyramid. Excerpt 2 Rules Limit Characteristics Recently, words like “Tiger Mother” and “Wolf Father” have been quoted frequently. In the past, when we were talking about parents, the atmosphere was always full of love and warmth. So why do people now compare fathers and mothers to tigers and wolves? The problem is family education. Usually, we believe that strict teachers produce outstanding students and strict parents nurture good children. However, research shows that disciplining a child too often and harshly may produce kids with lower self- esteem who behave worse than other kids and get punished more often than other kids. What's more, kids in a strict family tend to be more rebellious, growing up under clear boundaries of what can be done and what can't. Children are forced to behave according to their parents' will all the time, thus anxiety and depression can often occupy these innocent hearts. Another problem resulting from rules and disciplines is the depriving of the critical thinking of these children. With so many restrictions, they will get used to obeying the authorities and gradually losing their own insightful thoughts. They may easily be lost in controlling themselves in adulthood. 审题⽴意虎妈狼爸 的产⽣使得更多的⼈开始思考家庭教育的模式。有⼈ “ ” 提出严格的家庭教育，是有利于孩⼦的成⻓的，⼀个⼈性格的塑造就 是在原⽣家庭中进⾏的；但是另⼀⽅⾯，也有⼈提出，严格的家庭教 育也可能会使孩⼦⾛向极端，要么孩⼦⼗分乖巧，乖巧到奴性⼗⾜， 屈服于权威；要么孩⼦⼗分叛逆，最后家庭教育的效果适得其反。考 ⽣可以结合⾃⾝的成⻓经历，结合所给材料发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，关于应不应该给孩⼦⽴规矩，换 种说法，也就是应不应该严格要求孩⼦，进⾏严格的家庭教育。 发表⾃⼰的观点。观点可以是：正确的指引是必要的，但是过 于沉重的家庭氛围是不利于孩⼦成⻓的。 总结观点。孩⼦的成⻓应该是⾃由、快乐的。与其给孩⼦定下 明⽂规定，压抑其天性，不如⾔传⾝教，⼤⼈以⾃⾝为榜样去感染孩 ⼦，让他们健康成⻓。 精彩范⽂ Don't Repress the Lovely Sprout We always hear: As we sowed, so we reaped. Family education plays an important role in one's life. Some parents are strict when setting rules for their children, while other parents disagree about the disciplinary family environment and consider the rules and restrictions in the family will bring pressure to the kids and it may turn them into a tractable person but not a creative one. As far as I am concerned, there's no need to set rules for kids, the guidance should be natural and tender; and above all, parents should set good examples for their children. (Viewpoint) Surely, education is nothing like indulging kids. (Topic sentence) Basically, we shall not allow our children to do whatever they want. Because when compared with adults' rules, their decisions and styles about doing things can be really immature and obtrusive. Thus reasonable and faircorrections are necessary. But these corrections cannot be the limitations or the forbiddance for the kids. Authoritarian parenting undermines the harmonious family atmosphere and probably produces rebellious children. As we know, while there is oppression, there is resistance. On the other hand, kids who grew up under strict rules and restrictions can be a tame person when they become adults. (Topic sentence) They have learned the importance of power since they were children. The habit of obeying has existed from their formative years and that can sabotage their critical thinking ability. In conclusion, the time we spend with families should be full of joy and pleasure. Instead of setting rules for these pure hearts, maybe it's better for the parents to set examples for their children. Successful parenting consists of warmth and support. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 萌芽 sprout n. 种⽠得⽠， As we sowed, so we reaped. 种⾖得⾖。 纵容 indulge vt. 不成熟的 immature adj. 冒失的 obtrusive adj. 独裁主义的 authoritarian adj. 破坏（渐渐破坏） undermine vt. 反抗的 rebellious adj. 驯服的 tame adj. 破坏 sabotage vt. 亮点句式Instead of setting rules for these pure hearts, maybe it's better for the parents to set examples for their children. 【译⽂】 与其给这些纯净的⼼灵定规矩，家⻓们以⾝作则会更 好。 【分析】 表⽰与其做某 instead of doing sth., it's better to do sth. 事，不如做某事效果更佳。可以⽤在作⽂中进⾏两种观点或者⾏为的 对⽐。Essay 012 我对加⼊⼤学学⽣会的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on joining the Students' Union in college, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion, especially on the significance of joining the Students' Union in college. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Much Work, Much Ado Released from the pressure of the college entrance examination, a lot of college students finally get in touch with the world outside textbooks. As fresh faces to both the campus and society, they don't want to lag behind. Therefore, many of them decide to join the Students' Union in college. Joining the Students' Union is ubiquitous on campus though it has made many students busy all the time. Occupying all the spare time of these students, the work needs in the Students' Union even force some students to skip classes. Many young people strive to manage the work in Students' Union and study. Under such circumstances, these immature fresh faces on campus can be frustrated and even begin to forget the main task in college to study.They spend too much time and energy doing the job and put their study in second place. Besides, dealing with various people in the Students' Union has had negative influence on some college students. The blind worship of social skills is a common problem among young adults. Excerpt 2 Much Effort, More Experiences As we always hear, college is the epitome of society. So the attempt to associate themselves with social affairs in college is necessary. Knowledge, no matter what kind, is cumulated from piece to piece. And joining the Students' Union is a kind of learning experience. First of all, a comfortable life in college cannot bring us the ability to make full use of college years. Only when we are busy in all kinds of tasks can we realize that time is limited and we are not capable of finishing everything at the same time. Students can learn to get their priorities right in the struggle. Many excellent student leaders are more likely to become the elites in society, for they master the ability to manage time and tasks in college much earlier than those who will have to struggle several years after graduation. Also, joining the Students' Union means meeting more people and cooperating with them. This is a good training course that a college student can get at their young age. And also it is a good thing to make many friends at the beginning of their social life. From another perspective, the Students' Union takes students' spare time with abundant activities that greatly reduced their time. The work in Students' Union always turns them into the ones to be quick on the trigger. 审题⽴意 本作⽂的话题是⼤学⽣群体经常会讨论的问题之⼀，即初⼊⼤学 的新⽣是否应该加⼊学⽣会。有些⼈认为在⼤学期间的锻炼就是在为 未来做准备，⽽且，对于⼤学⽣来讲，如果不把课余时间⽤在有意义 的事情上，他们就有可能去做⼀些放纵的事情，更加⽆益；但是另⼀⽅⾯，许多⼈提出，学⽣会活动会占⽤学⽣们太多时间，有些甚⾄会 影响学业，⽽且，很多的学⽣群体中出现的⼈际关系问题，可能会影 响这些并不⼗分成熟的⼤学⽣对⼈⽣与社会的看法。 写作框架 概述材料中给出的两种关于加⼊⼤学学⽣会的观点。概述应该 简洁恰当。 发表⾃⼰的观点。在承认两⽅观点的基础上，提出⾃⼰的主 张，可以结合⾃⼰的⼤学⽣活经历，对学⽣平衡学习与课余⼯作的问 题展开论述。 总结观点。加⼊⼤学学⽣会对于学⽣来讲是⼀种必要的锻炼。 在成⻓的过程中，学⽣们需要具备协调时间与⼈际关系的能⼒，⽽加 ⼊学⽣会就是⾮常好的机会。 精彩范⽂ Pave the Way for the Future Facing the intriguing life, the fresh students in college are sometimes puzzled whether to join the Students' Union or not. People who agree to do so propose that joining the Students' Union is a good opportunity for these young people to prepare for their future social life and spend their spare time doing meaningful things, while some people think the work in the Students' Union will occupy too much of their time and get them into the trouble of dealing with complicated relationships. Weighing the pros and cons of joining the Students' Union, I think it is worthwhile for college students to join it. (Viewpoint) First of all, as the old saying goes, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. College life consists of not only the knowledge from textbooks but also the experiences from colorful activities. (Topic sentence) Proper participation in activities gives students the chance to drink to the dregs of college life. It is generally recognized that the lessons cannot teach studentseverything they need by the time they graduate. And college students should seek the opportunities to learn more on campus. Second, no one can deny that the main task in college is study. But we'll meet the challenge of balancing time and dealing with relationships sooner or later. (Topic sentence) The reason why many students are going into raptures about entering college is the access to the autonomy of life. Learning to handle the problems in college life is way better than learning from tears in society. Besides, it doesn't necessarily place students in a dilemma if they join the Students' Union. Always get our priorities right and life shall not be messy. Only experiencing more can we grow up and joining the students' union is definitely a beautiful memory. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 为 铺平道路 pave the way for …… 有趣的；引⼈⼊胜的 intriguing adj. drink to the dregs of 淋漓尽致；享尽快乐（痛苦） 迟早 sooner or later 因 ⽽欣喜若狂 go into raptures about …… ⽣活的⾃主权 life autonomy place... into dilemma 将 置于进退两难的境地 …… 凌乱的，脏的 messy adj. 亮点句式 It is generally recognized that the lessons cannot teach students everything they need by the time they graduate.【译⽂】 ⼀般认为，课堂的教学⽆法在学⽣毕业时教会他们所需 的⼀切。 【分析】 是 ⼀般认为 的意 It is generally recognized that... “ ……” 思。通常可以在表达观点的时候加以使⽤。Essay 013 关于单性别教育 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on single-sex education, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards single-sex education, especially on whether it is good for children's development. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Single-Sex Education Provides Relaxed Environment Nowadays, single-sex schools have a strong momentum in some metro cities in China. It is a special type of school where boys and girls do not have classes together. The driving force behind the establishment of single- sex schools is the difference between boys and girls. Some research and reports from educators suggest that single-sex education can actually enrich the career prospects of little girls and boys. The supporters of single-sex schools advocate that when boys and girls are in the same classroom, gender stereotypes are easily reinforced. In single- sex schools, boys feel free to pursue dancing and painting without being afraid of looking like a girl. Girls, on the other hand, are free of the pressureto be eminent students in math and science which are usually considered as the subjects of boys. “In a single-sex environment girls enjoy being leaders. They offer help to others and also ask for help when they need it. For example, if they don't understand a math or science concept, they'll ask for clarification. But when girls are in the same classroom with boys, they often lose their self-esteem.” A teacher in a girls-only school shared her experience. Excerpt 2 No Complete Education Can Be Given in a Single-Sex School While many people believe that these shy boys and girls can seek sanctuary in single-sex schools to focus on their study better, some strongly argue that all the social skills are learned from practical experience and imitation. But single-sex schools can make little of that possible, which means we cannot expect a boy being so interactive and confident in front of a girl after graduating from a boy-only school. Actually, it might be worse. Students in single-sex classrooms will one day live and work side-by-side with members of the opposite sex. Educating students in single-sex schools limits their opportunities to work cooperatively and co-exist successfully with members of the opposite sex. One study found that the higher the percentage of girls in a classroom, the better the academic performance for all students (both male and female). As girls' nature, they are often kind and cooperative, rather than competitive. So the warm environment in a co-ed classroom is good for both boys and girls. Besides, few educators are formally trained to use gender-specific teaching techniques. Based on the present situation, it's hard for these experienced teachers of co-ed classrooms to give specific education for single-sex classrooms. 审题⽴意本作⽂题⽬涉及单性别教育的话题。两则材料分别阐述了单性别 教育的利与弊，考⽣应该在总结其利弊的基础上，结合材料，针对单 性别教育发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，即关于单性别教育的利与弊。 发表⾃⼰的观点，客观评价单性别教育的利弊，同时阐明针对 不同的孩⼦，单性别教育有着截然不同的影响。 总结观点，提出教育的核⼼是孩⼦，单性别教育好坏与否事实 上取决于孩⼦的成⻓需求。 精彩范⽂ Different Education for Different Students Nowadays, the single-sex school has aroused the attention of many educators and parents. On the one hand, the innate abilities and study preference are different between boys and girls. And also, adolescents are likely to be distracted by an opposite sex to hinder their study. So the separated education means a more concentrated study environment. On the other hand, many people hold the idea that the separation of sexes may result in a deviation from the social skills students need in the future. As far as I am concerned, whether the single-sex school fits a child or not depends on the individual student. (Viewpoint) It is understandable that there are dissenting voices against a single-sex school, for boys and girls have less chances of developing the ability to interact with the opposite sex. (Topic sentence) They can't learn how to get along or how to compete with the opposite sex. With these problems, parents are worried that their children cannot have a smooth transition from students into adults. Yet the stake of a deficient sociality was substantial from the get-go. Even in co-ed schools, there are shy boys who seldom talk to the girls in their classroom. Therefore, the root reason is nothow many girls or boys the kids have met. It is about their basic recognition towards the genders and social activities. On the other hand, the single-sex school may help some children to go through the immature period. (Topic sentence) For kids who are not comfortable getting along with the opposite gender, a single-sex school is a perfect period of transfer. It is of great necessity to have single-sex schools in our society. In all, schools and parents should know the child's personality first before they can decide what kind of schools is suitable for the child. (Conclusion) And attention should always be paid to the students' personalities. Knowing the emotional needs in the kid's growth is the duty of both the parents and the schools. 主题词汇 先天的，与⽣俱来的 innate adj. 阻碍 hinder v. 偏离 deviation n. 顺利的 smooth adj. ⻛险 stake n. ⼤量的；很⼤程度的 substantial adj. 从⼀开始 from the get-go 适合的 suitable adj. 亮点句式 Even in co-ed schools, there are shy boys who seldom talk to the girls in their classroom. 【译⽂】 即便是在男⼥同校的学校⾥，也有害羞的男孩很少和同 班⼥⽣说话。【分析】 意为 即便是 ，也会 。常常 Even..., there be..., “ …… ……” 可以⽤来表⽰转折。Essay 014 关于⼤学课堂点名 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about college teachers checking class attendance, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards checking class attendance by calling names, especially your opinion on whether it's a reasonable rule. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Ensure Class Order Class attendance is taken as the reference in grading in many colleges. It is often called the daily performance of a student. Originally, checking class attendance can be seen as a way of knowing students by their names. Gradually, teachers usually check the class attendance by calling the students' names at the beginning of a class to ensure an efficient class. It is of great importance to check the attendance in class since college courses are relatively decentralized. That is to say, the whereabouts of the students are hard to know except in class. Therefore, checking the class attendance is also a means of assuring the safety of the students. Rather than going to class as expected, many students wouldn't mind skipping classes to do things they are interested in. Supervision should begiven to these young adults to push them forward in studying. After all, the self-control ability of these college boys and girls should not be overestimated. At the same time, checking class attendance is important for the teachers and it's irresponsible for a teacher to go on with class anyway despite the poor attendance rate. Excerpt 2 A Mechanical Rule Though checking class attendance is a common rule on campus, it is strongly opposed by many students. A teacher who's keen on checking class attendance is usually considered not charming enough to keep students. That indicates that the teacher is impotent in teaching tasks and the students can only be kept in class by rules. Checking class attendance is seen as kidnapping learning. It forces students to attend the class despite the students' willingness or their aptitude in the subject. The study process therefore becomes passive. And because of the unwillingness towards the class, the class time is wasted by many students by playing with phones or daydreaming. The disapproval of the class and the compulsive requirement of class attendance are conflicted. At the same time, checking class attendance is also criticized, for it costs a lot of time to keep track of one's attendance that has reduced the lecture time. The study in college can only be deeper when supported by the students' personal interest. We cannot expect a student who is forced to sit in class to concentrate on their studies. 审题⽴意 ⼤学课堂是否应该点名查出勤成为师⽣争论的焦点问题之⼀。学 校与⽼师作为⼤学⽣在校期间学习与安全的负责⼈，通过检查出勤的 ⽅式可确保学⽣⽇常的学习⽣活，也间接保障了学⽣在校的安全。⽽ 从学⽣的⾓度来讲，课堂查出勤是⼀种绑架式的学习。期末成绩与出 勤率直接挂钩，迫使学⽣不得不按时出席。针对⼤学课堂点名来查出勤的规定，考⽣可结合⾃⼰的切⾝体会，通过阅读两则材料发表⾃⼰ 的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，从学校的⾓度来说， 查出勤是对学⽣的学习与⽣活负责的表现。另⼀⽅⾯，从学⽣的⾓度 来说，勉强其出席某堂课，可能会导致其丧失学习兴趣；另外，查出 勤浪费了很多课堂的时间。 发表⾃⼰的观点。课堂的出勤检查是必要的，⼤学⽣尚处于不 成熟的阶段，对很多知识的⻓远⽤处并不了解，如果确实不能出席课 堂可以请假，觉得⽼师讲课不精彩可以提意⻅，这些不能作为逃课的 借⼝。 总结观点。没有规矩不成⽅圆，学校应将学⽣意⻅与实际情况 结合考虑，但是综合看来，对学⽣进⾏出勤管理是必要的。 精彩范⽂ Checking Class Attendance Is Necessary Whether college teachers should check class attendance or not has always been disputed. And the opinions are diverged among the teachers and the students. While schools and teachers see it as an efficacious way to guarantee a normal campus order as well as the students' safety, the students are at odds with checking class attendance by claiming that forcing them to attend classes shows no respect for their interests. As far as I am concerned, checking class attendance is of great importance to both the college order and the development of college students. (Viewpoint) The most convincing reason for keeping the rule of checking class attendance is that college students are not all assiduous in their study. (Topic sentence) If they really have the freedom of not attending classes, many of them are probably going to choose an aberrant way to spend timeor even worse, they may just wallow in the mud. It will finally result in a regretful college time. On the other side, students should not be reticent about their opinions on the teachings. (Topic sentence) We cannot succumb to all the arrangements in life. Nevertheless, if we want to break rules, we break them in a grand manner. Escaping classes is not the right way to solve problems, not to mention that many students are not realizing the value of knowledge. Therefore, the real conflicts are not the class attendance checking. It is the attitude a student hold towards the lessons. Last but not least, schools should listen to the voice of their students and improve the class qualities. (Conclusion) The students are supposed to attend classes with the whoops of delight, and not have to be forced. After all, efficient teaching and learning is based on a harmonious relationship between the teachers and their students. 主题词汇 有效的 efficacious adj. 与 意⻅不合 有冲突 at odds with …… , 刻苦于 be assiduous in …… 偏离轨道的 aberrant adj. 过堕落的⽇⼦ wallow in the mud 有保留意⻅ be reticent about one's opinion 屈服于 succumb to ⾼贵的⽅式 grand manner 欢呼 whoops of delight 亮点句式 The most convincing reason for keeping the rule of checking class attendance is that college students are not all assiduous in their study.【译⽂】 对于保留检查课堂出勤最有⼒的理由，就是并不是所有 的⼤学⽣都在刻苦学习。 【分析】 句型 意为 能 The most convincing reason for sth. is that... “ 够解释某事的最有⼒的原因是 ，⽤于作⽂的分论点段落⼗分适 ……” 合。Essay 015 关于⼤学⽣的假期 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about college holidays, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards college holidays, especially your opinion on the length of them. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Recuperation Brings Energy Although seen as the unexpected guests in the working days, holidays are always welcomed by all the social members, for it provides us with relaxation and rest. The tensions and pressures that we have to bear in the working days are all blown away in holidays. With the rapid social development, stress has become one of the biggest problems that most people suffer in life. As stress is endangering our life from a large extent, the clamour for mental relaxation is growing higher at the same time. For the young adults in college, having the stereotyped schedule and the fixed model in school for a long time can be a major cause of the mental and physical stress. To reduce the harmful changes stress bring to college students and also to ensure the students havea better status for further study, the schools should give adequate time for the students to enjoy themselves. Freeing the students from the chains, the holidays are also a great time for them to fulfill their personal interests. They get to do things that are normally restrained by the tense time schedule in school. Personal hobbies and innate potentials are developed during the holidays. Excerpt 2 Long Holidays Breed Laziness No query can be given on the absolute right of holidays for college students, yet the holidays might be questioned as too long nowadays. Holidays provide an environment totally different from school. A long separation from the campus may result in the problem of looseness. When the students are accustomed to the holiday pattern, it is usually hard for them to re-enter the classes and studies. The time assignment of the holidays is not clear for most of the students. Without the proper guidance, holidays are the epitome of binge. From the study aspect, these young adults may run wild in studying without the regular schedule in school. Therefore, the common status of the holidays is usually indolent and vacuous. The dropout rate is also closely linked with the attachment that students have with their schools. A long time departure from school causes the loss of the sense of belonging which is relatively hard to reestablish. For students, the knowledge acquisition is beyond any other affairs. With no mature mindset, their enthusiasm could be frayed in the long and aimless holidays. 审题⽴意 假期作为⽣活中的放松时光⼀直受到社会关注。假期让我们放松 ⾝⼼，重寻 悠然⻅南⼭ 之感，对于⼤学⽣来讲，更是如此。但是， “ ” 如今⼤学假期时间的⻓短也饱受争议，对于这个问题，⼤家的⻅解不 同。从学⽣的⾓度来讲，假期是⼀年之中最值得期盼的时光，终于可以摆脱学业负担，做⾃⼰喜欢的事情；但是另⼀⽅⾯，过⻓的假期可 能会导致学⽣的思想状态与学习脱轨，假期内的⽣活模式与学校的⽣ 活模式的差异也使得很多学⽣开学后难以快速进⼊学习状态，同时， 假期的时光能否有效利⽤也成了争论要点之⼀。考⽣作为⼤学⽣，对 这个问题最有发⾔权，可结合⾃⼰的经历发表观点。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，假期是学⽣们养精蓄 锐、继续前⾏的保障；另⼀⽅⾯⼤学⽣假期时间过⻓，会导致学⽣学 习受到影响。 发表⾃⼰的观点。假期的重要性与必要性⾃然是⽆须争论的， 只是为了避免假期成为⽆意义的时光，家⻓、学校与学⽣⾃⼰都应该 做出努⼒。 总结观点。假期的有效利⽤有利于学⽣们的⻓期发展，⽆论假 期⻓短，都应该是⼀段有意义的时光。 精彩范⽂ A Proper Holiday Arrangement Is Needed Whether college students are having an overlong holiday nowadays has been disputed. Admitting the necessity of holidays, some people are still considering that college students are having more time off than they need. In my opinion, the true argument is not in the length of the holidays but in how college students spend the holiday time. Actually, whether the time is spent under the name of school days or holidays, it should be meaningful and fulfilled. (Viewpoint) First of all, holidays are definitely the requisites for college studies. (Topic sentence) Or to be more accurate, holidays are the requisites for every social member. The holidays free us from the restrained model in school and give us chance to regain identities in a social surrounding which is normally far from us during the school days. That is to say, as collegestudents, social practices like internships are more likely to be accessible to us on holidays. Secondly, the holiday time can be flexible as long as not impacting the curriculum arrangement. (Topic sentence) The arrangement of holidays can differ according to the characteristics of different majors. In other words, the length of the holidays is relevant to the practical needs of the major. A long holiday is not necessarily the equivalence of an undisciplined way of life. It can affect the students' development from various aspects in a good way. Thus, it should be arranged scientifically for college students. The adult influence which includes parents, schools and society has a significant influence on the richness of college students' holiday life. (Topic sentence) How to help the students spend their holiday time properly would be a question that needs consideration. Yet the basic principle is that under the siege of a positive environment, the students will naturally refuse the mundane or the languishing life during holidays. Students who have been rapt in their study for a whole semester cherish the valuable holiday time. For these aspirant young adults, the holiday time is not only the brief respite from their work, it is also the chance to improve. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 争论 dispute vt. 以 的名义 under the name of …… 在 的包围下 under the siege of …… 碌碌⽆为的 mundane adj. ⽇渐衰弱的 languishing adj. 上进的 aspirant adj. 喘息；休息 respite n. 亮点句式Students who have been rapt in their study for a whole semester cherish the valuable holiday time. 【译⽂】 对于专⼼投⼊学习⼀整个学期的学⽣来说，假期时光尤 为珍贵。 【分析】 意为 醉⼼于；专⼼于 。如： be rapt in “ ” He is rapt in （他陷于沉思之 contemplation, to others he may appear dumb or mad. 中，对于其他⼈来说，他或许显得愚蠢或疯狂。）Essay 016 补课之我⻅ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about students taking extra classes, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards taking extra classes, especially on its influence on students. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 A Way of Keeping Improving The love of parents is the most selfless power which can motivate them to give all they have to their children to ensure that they have good education resources. Caring not only about the school life of their kids, parents also want their kids to have a meaningful and inspiring spare time to improve themselves. Sending kids to various institutions to take extra classes is the first option for many parents. For the kids who are leading a free life after school, the timetable in tutoring classes is cruel but good for learning. Kids at different levels shall be taught by different mentors. Unlike the model of a school in which a class consists of dozens of students, kids in tutoringclasses can get one-to-one service, by which they can catch up with what they haven't mastered in school classes. Scores are important for students who want to enter a good college. And a higher score in the test is the result of constant efforts. Sharing the equal class time at school, one who uses spare time better probably gains the upper hand. Sending kids to tutoring classes is a trend nowadays. When all the other kids are spending more time in studying, the kid who doesn't is left behind. Excerpt 2 A Wanton Disregard of Child's Nature In the eyes of many parents around China, it is necessary for their kids to satisfy their study needs by taking extra classes. And a view of countries worldwide shows us that extracurricular studies are popular in literally every country. Surely there's nothing wrong with the good expectations and the attention to the children's growth, but the nature and right of these kids cannot be deprived. Textbooks in schools are the wisdom of all the experts and professors in education who master the learning ability and acceptance level of kids at different ages. Needless to say, textbooks contain all the knowledge points a kid needs to learn. We can say for sure that a good devotion to the class time and the regular management of the semester are enough to absorb the knowledge. Whether it's by law or from the consideration of the kids' nature, their weekends and holidays should be guaranteed for relaxing. The kids who earn high scores but are impotent in life are the presentation of how the heavy pressure of study is influencing our kids. Since we are in a world which is updating all the time, maybe letting our kids see the innovations in society personally is a good idea to groom them to be innovative persons. 审题⽴意学⽣补课在我们的社会中实属平常现象。然⽽，有许多⼈认为， 补课最终的结局很可能是失了东隅也会错失桑榆，结果往往并不如⼈ 意。但也有许多家⻓和⽼师出于应试考虑，仍然把补课作为救命稻 草，深信其⼒量之神奇。补课的效果因⼈⽽异，⼈们对于补课也褒贬 不⼀，考⽣应结合⾃⼰的经验，发表看法。 写作框架 总结两则材料的观点。⼀则认为学⽣通过补课能够弥补平时学 习的不⾜之处；另⼀则认为，补课占⽤学⽣的课余时间，剥夺其玩耍 的权利，不利于其全⾯发展。 发表⾃⼰的观点。学⽣的学习⽣活应该是快乐的⽽不是压抑 的，个⼈观点是不赞同补课。 总结观点。补课的初衷是希望孩⼦们在学业上取得⻓⾜进步， 为以后的⼈⽣道路增加筹码。本意虽好，可是孩⼦的⼈⽣该由⾃⼰做 主，家⻓只能引导。 精彩范⽂ Good Intentions, Wrong Direction Whether students should take extra classes is a problem many parents are concerned about. Numerous pieces of advice on how to raise a good kid are always attracting the attention of adults, be them scientific or not. Many parents are invoking the help of extra classes to improve their kids' study. Others hold an opposing view that pressing children with various courses are incongruous with the purpose of holidays. In my opinion, it's hard for the kids to be engrossed in their study if they are pushed or even forced to. (Viewpoint) Firstly, problems of unbalanced abilities and scores are worrisome in our society. (Topic sentence) We can always see kids with high scores yet terrible living abilities or fragile hearts. The complaints that our kids are doing slavish imitations in study are always heard. Extrapolating from thisphenomenon, we can see there's no coincidence. Rather, they are the ulcers of our education which are closely associated with the overemphasis on scores. Secondly, it would be brutal to ignore the thoughts of kids who have to lead an after-school life as adults expect. (Topic sentence) Students are not the couriers for scores, but the owner of their life. No one can deny the power of knowledge. We will not cease learning until the day we cease breathing. However, learning doesn't mean a merciless elimination of personalities. On the contrary, a true comprehension of knowledge is based on various life experiences and the passion for life. Instead of pushing kids to take extra classes on holidays, we should encourage them to attend more outdoor activities rather than to study all the time. The ruling principle in parenting should be guiding instead of forcing. (Conclusion) After all, seeing their Jack become a dull boy is the last thing parents want. 主题词汇 求助于 invoke the help of 不⼀致的 incongruous adj. 专⼼于 be engrossed in ⽆创新的模仿 slavish imitation 推断 extrapolate vi. 溃疡，腐烂物 ulcer n. 不讲理的；残忍的 brutal adj. 快递员 courier n. 消除 elimination n. ⽀配原则 ruling principle 亮点句式On the contrary, a true comprehension of knowledge is based on various life experiences and the passion for life. 【译⽂】 相反，对于知识的彻底理解应该建⽴在丰富的⼈⽣阅历 和对⽣活的热情的基础之上。 【分析】 该句想要表达的意思是：与补课相⽐，孩⼦们应该多增 ⻓⻅识。读万卷书，也要⾏万⾥路，这样，孩⼦们才能活学活⽤所学 知识。这句话不仅适⽤于补课的孩⼦们，也适⽤于每⼀个⼈。Essay 017 孩⼦应不应该早上学？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about kids entering school as early as they can, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the appropriate time of schooling. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Early Start, Early Adaptation As we always hear: he who strikes first gains the advantage. Moms begin to sketch their babies' pictures about the world soon after they were born. To let their children be more adaptive to the world, parents would like to provide them with educational resources as much as they can. And many of them try to prepare a brighter future for their children by sending them to school earlier. Sending kids to school earlier is attractive because the atmosphere in school is friendly to study. That is to say, the knowledge acquisition in school outnumbers that at home. In a group environment, the time schedule is fixed. Thus kids learn to rest and study on a regular basis. But at home, the children with capricious nature would probably bully these merciful parents and make them finally compromise on the study issues. Since Romewas not built in one day, the study habit of innocent children is easier to form with the earlier assistance of the disciplines in school. Also, sending kids to school earlier is beneficial for adaptation. Based on the assumption that almost every kid would spend about a quarter of their lifetime in school, an earlier start in school is better for the adaptation to group life. Excerpt 2 Better Preparation, Better Result School education is quite a strong power that influences a kid throughout his or her life. Yet to start a school life earlier may not be a judicious move. Generally, children go to school at the age of six. Before this, kids spend a happy childhood with families and various games. Kids who are sent to school too early are not well prepared, for they are not competent in understanding things fully. With the marching of grades, these smaller kids can be left behind. And the direct result of this situation is the loss of confidence. Kids will ascribe their failure in study to intelligence instead of physiology. What's more, if a child is used to the position of being a smaller one in a group, he or she may define themselves as weak in the future. The most attracting line “do not let your kids lose at the starting line” has once convinced many parents. But actually, an early start doesn't necessarily mean a good future. With children being too young to focus in class, the study effect is not as good as we expect. Rather, giving these pure minds more time with their beloved families to feel the embrace of love which will support them in life and make them be well prepared for the starting of education is never a wrong plan. 审题⽴意 孩⼦应不应该早早上学是社会和家庭所共同关注的问题。许多家 ⻓都望⼦成⻰，望⼥成凤。⼉童的普遍⼊学年龄是 岁左右，但是很多 6 家⻓希望⾃⼰的孩⼦能尽早⼊学接受⼩学教育。对于这种想法，很多⼈认为尽早开始，就能尽早适应。⽽且学校使得孩⼦的学习更有规 律、更系统化；另⼀⽅⾯，也有很多⼈认为事实并⾮如此。孩⼦们太 ⼩的话，在班级中，认知能⼒与理解能⼒会⼀直处于下⻛，这并不利 于孩⼦的成⻓，甚⾄会影响其对个⼈能⼒的信⼼。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点：孩⼦是应该尽早上学还是正常⼊ 学。 发表⾃⼰的观点。观点的出发点应该是肯定家⻓对于孩⼦接受 教育的初衷，但是揠苗助⻓，结果未必如意。 总结观点。孩⼦们最好的成⻓状态应该是⽔到渠成。与其让他 们早早地接受学校教育，不如让孩⼦们尽情玩耍，拥有⼀个⼀⽣受益 的欢乐童年。 精彩范⽂ More Haste, Less Speed The argument on the starting time of a kid's school education is a hot one. Parents are always trying their best to provide the best for their children. Some parents would like to send their kids to school as early as they can, for school provides better study environment and helps children form good habits. Others doubt that an early schooling helps kids, for they are neither physiologically ready nor psychologically prepared. In my opinion, children should not be sent to school early. (Viewpoint) The very basic reason is that children ought to have a happy childhood. (Topic sentence) Sending kids to school too early is strangling the verdure of childhood. The pure laughter is replaced by the heavy schoolbag, and a susceptible temperament is formed for the direct result of early schooling is the weak position in a class with a younger age. Whether they are used to being bullied by other students or to being helped all thetime, they are not treating themselves fairly or viewing themselves objectively. Another important reason is schooling is the watershed in a kid's life to a certain extent. (Topic sentence) The moment he or she goes to school, a relatively mature period begins. The original wish of sending kids to school is violated. So instead of making kids suffer in school, we may rather provide them with a positive warm-up at home. And for children, a premature beginning makes it hard for them to make heads or tails of education. Everything in this world has its own rules and we'd better not change it just at will. The sense can also be applied to a kid's growth. (Conclusion) It's not easy to ensure excellent parenting. The implicit trust from children can be both the motivation and the source of pressure for parenting. But to make sure that the children have a lovely nature which is not repressed, parents should be cautious about making the decision of starting their school life early. 主题词汇 童年时期的朝⽓ the verdure of childhood 敏感的性格 susceptible temperament 分⽔岭 watershed n. 理解 make heads or tails of 绝对信任 implicit trust 过早的 premature adj. 谨慎对待 be cautious about 抑制；压抑 repress vi. 亮点句式The pure laughter is replaced by the heavy schoolbag, and a susceptible temperament is formed for the direct result of early schooling is the weak position in a class with a younger age. 【译⽂】 纯真的笑声被沉重的书包所取代，早早上学的直接结果 就是由于年龄⼩很容易在班级⾥⾯处于弱势地位，因此孩⼦们的性情 变得敏感脆弱。 【分析】 该句描述孩⼦们早早上学可能带来的负⾯影响。句⼦ 中，⽤ 来指代孩⼦们的欢声笑语，即快乐；⽤ pure laughter heavy 来指代沉重的学业，即在学校的压⼒。这是⼀种⽐喻的修辞 schoolbag ⼿法，⽐如 代表王权⼀样，考⽣在作⽂表述中可以采⽤。 crownEssay 018 专注专业还是⼴泛涉猎？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about two learning models in college, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the two models, especially your opinion on the allocation of study time in college. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Adroitness Comes from Concentration College as a brand new stage is different from the fundamental education we have received. In college, multiple subjects and activities are beckoning us every day. Since a student's energy is definitely not able to cover all the knowledge, focusing on one's major is the best choice. Though college time sounds long, it is not enough for us to become an expert in a field. Malcolm Gladwell has proposed a practical way to be experts in a certain field in his book Outliers . He said that anyone who wants to be really great in a field needs 10,000 hours of practice. And someone has done the math that if we spend eight hours a day, the 10,000 hours can be finished in four years. According to that, even a full devotionto a major in college can hardly turn us into an expert. Not to mention other various distracting factors on campus. In college, students not only learn knowledge but also develop personalities. Effort and concentration are decided by personal will. Frequent shifts of the attention do not help a student shape the quality of perseverance. And the changeable interest can jeopardize a student's future. Excerpt 2 Explore Dormant Talents Being focused is certainly good, but only staring at the moon can cause the neglect of the stars all over the sky. College is a collection of various resources and students should value these convenient resources to improve themselves. New knowledge excites us and a person with abundant knowledge is never a dull one. This new knowledge and information promotes a person's growth. At the same time, it helps one boost confidence to solve problems and pluck up courage to face challenges. College students have to face work-related issues sooner or later. Current employment market needs comprehensive talents. Career options can be narrowed if they simply rely on the knowledge of their major. On the contrary, having various skills is never the reason for letting your bosses down. And the most intriguing part of absorbing different knowledge is discovering your interests. Only by attempting new things by themselves will college students know what they are really interested in. To learn as much as they can is actually to discover more about themselves, or in other words, to discover their dormant talents. 审题⽴意 作⽂的话题围绕⼤学⽣的学习问题展开。短短的四年⼤学时光， ⼤学⽣们应该如何分配⾃⼰的学习时间，究竟⼤学期间应该多多涉猎 各种知识还是专注于⾃⼰的专业知识是很多学⽣⾯临的困惑。⼀⽅ ⾯，要想在专业⽅向有所成就，就要全⾝⼼地投⼊，这样才能学精⾃⼰选择的专业。但是另⼀⽅⾯，很多⼤学⽣认为应该通过涉猎各种知 识去多多挖掘⾃⼰的潜能。只有拥有丰富的知识，才能满⾜未来就业 的需求。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点。⼀⽅⾯是术业专攻的好处；⼀⽅ ⾯是多多学习的好处。 发表⾃⼰的观点。两种观点皆有其道理，把两种观点应⽤到学 习中也都有其好处。每个⼈的选择应该取决于⾃⼰的未来规划以及个 ⼈精⼒，但是最佳的选择是以专业为主，以其他知识为辅。 总结观点。⼤学⽣对⾃⼰的⼈⽣应该早做打算。⽆论是专注于 专业还是获取多种多样的知识，都要保持学习的习惯，不断进步。 精彩范⽂ One Thing at a Time As we step into college, knowledge acquisition is no longer the same as in high school, for we are given more rights to choose what we want to learn. Yet given the right to decide what is important and what is trivial, some students feel it's hard to make a choice between majors and extensive learning. Some people think college students need to focus on their majors on campus. For only by having a rigorous scholarship can college students possess the chance to be experts in the field. And a good personality comes from the pursuit of the acme of perfection. However, others maintain an argument that attempting is intrinsic to a student's development. Also, having more knowledge is helpful for their future career. In my opinion, the best choice would be giving the majority of your attention to your major and have a brief foray into other things that you are interested in. (Viewpoint) On the one hand, failing to be a loyal follower in his or her own major, the student would encounter problems in finding jobs. (Topicsentence) After all, college majors were chosen by ourselves before we entered college. What's more important is that you have spent four years listening to the lessons and reading the books on your major in other people's eyes. It's not completely convincing to say that your proficiency is not in your major just because of lacking interest. On the other hand, it is good for us to get acquainted with some knowledge outside our majors, which will broaden our horizon. (Topic sentence) Absorbing fresh things are favorable to form the good habits of study. And it's good to plan our future in college so that we can make our extracurricular learning contribute to our future development. All in all, we need to make full use of the college life and not loiter our time away. (Conclusion) We can always choose to learn something new when our major dulls our mind or makes us downright tired. But just remember that no knowledge is left to be torso, for that will make us no good. 主题词汇 严谨的 rigorous adj. 顶点 acme n. 本质的 intrinsic adj. 涉⾜ foray n. 虚度 loiter vi. 完全地 downright adv. 未完成的作品 torso n. 亮点句式 It's not completely convincing to say that your proficiency is not in your major just because of lacking interest.【译⽂】 将专业上的不⾜完全归因于缺乏兴趣是不能完全让⼈信 服的。 【分析】 意为 说 是不 It is not completely convincing to say... “ …… 能让⼈完全信服的 ，作⽂中常常可以⽤到。 ”Essay 019 关于⼤学出现的新专业 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about opening up less common majors in college, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards these majors, especially your opinion on the necessity of setting them in college. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 From Vocational School to College In recent years, many colleges have introduced new material to their curriculums. Quite different from the regular and traditional courses in college that usually require solid theoretical foundations, the newly-set majors are mostly practice-oriented, or in other words, they are more likely to be categorized as the type that teaches students practical skills. The opening up of those majors has more or less diminished the distinction between colleges and vocational schools. Since the ambiguity between the new majors in college and the trainings of practical skills arises, many consider that the opening up of these majors is a kind of recruiting method for colleges to make up their shortages in catering to employment needs.For the sake of being practical and specific, the majors need an internship and practice in the actual workplace more than the obscure explanation in class. To fetter these skills with the educational credentials is definitely not the wise move. For the comprehensive colleges, the academic campus atmosphere might be disrupted in a more intense pursuit of the practical use of the subjects. One may wonder if the blurred boundaries between colleges and vocational schools are a good sign for future education. Excerpt 2 Be Motivated by Multiple Needs Although the appearance of these new majors in college has not been welcomed by all, the necessities of setting them are undeniable. Generally speaking, no exquisite or deeper study of a subject can be separated from the theoretical basis since it is the source from which we extract the laws of a certain discipline. The needs for developing local industries are the primary causes of setting these new majors. College is the front line of social development. By combining education with the social development demand, we get a win-win result that can not only satisfy the needs of different industries, but also solve the job-hunting problems for college graduates. In addition, the cultivation of top talents is achieved by opening those majors, which brings advantages to the transformation of industries and therefore ensures the sustainable development of economy. Applause should be given to the colleges who make the bold attempt to add these new majors. They place the role of education in the real society and combine the knowledge learning with its actual use. 审题⽴意 近些年，很多新专业在⼤学中崭露头⾓，如 ⼩⻰虾专业 瑜伽专 “ ”“ 业 ⾼尔夫管理专业 等。对于在⼤学⾥开设这些冷门甚⾄闻所未闻的 ”“ ” 专业，不同的⼈有不同的观点。有⼈认为，这是为国家发展与地⽅产业升级培养专才的努⼒，社会应该给予⽀持；但是也有⼈认为，这样 的技术类专业还是⽐较适合于职业技术学校或者是专门的学校，⽽不 应该在综合类的⼤学中开设。考⽣对于这些专业的设置是如何看待的 呢？结合材料发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，这些看似冷门的专业 背后是市场的需求和社会发展对⼈才的需要。另⼀⽅⾯，在⼤学中开 设这些技术类导向的专业，混淆综合教育与技术类教育的界限不免给 ⼈以茫然之感。 发表⾃⼰的观点。个⼈认为，这些新专业的开设会为未来社会 的发展提供新助⼒。 总结观点。教育与社会之间的关系是紧密的，教育是社会发展 的反映，社会发展是教育的成果。我们不能固守传统的教育模式，要 随着社会的发展⽽不断发展教育。 精彩范⽂ The Audacious Vision on Education The argumentation on whether colleges should set up practice-oriented majors is getting fiercer these days. Some say that putting the practical skills under the academic curriculum is blurring the distinction between different educational forms. Yet others agree with the idea that these new majors in college play a positive role in satisfying both the needs of local industries and the demand for a deeper study of these subjects. As far as I am concerned, the majors in college are as close as lips and teeth to our social development. Therefore, the setting up of these new majors should be advocated. (Viewpoint) Firstly, to cultivate top talents in various majors is to energize the industries. (Topic sentence) There is a growing need for professionals with expertise in the process of industrial upgrading. For the regions withaffluent resources, they are trying to keep the equilibrium of talents between demand and supply by opening new majors in college. With the development of society, the past labor-intensive model has been changed. More and more professional talents are needed for the innovative and transformative development. Yet on the other hand, a thorough evaluation must be given before a new major is opened in college. (Topic sentence) How to balance the skill training and the theoretical teaching is also an important issue. The opening of a new major may be driven by the market needs. Yet the curriculum details must be carefully examined by educators since the learning experience in college is closely associated with one's life. Although there are still many teaching problems that remain to be discussed, the appearance of these new majors is a good sign that suggests bold attempts in education. (Conclusion) College is always taking the lead in cultivating numerous talents for various industries in our society. 主题词汇 ⼤胆的；⽆畏的 audacious adj. 凶猛的；激烈的 fierce adj. 学术课程 academic curriculum 使变模糊 blur vt. 使活跃 energize vt. 丰富的 affluent adj. the equilibrium between demand and supply 供求均衡 劳动密集型的 labor-intensive adj. 亮点句式As far as I am concerned, the majors in college are as close as lips and teeth to our social development. 【译⽂】 依我看来，⼤学中的专业与社会的发展是唇⻮相依的。 【分析】 意为 唇⻮相依 ，经常可以⽤来 as close as lips and teeth “ ” 表达两者联系紧密。⼜如： The soft power of a country is as close as lips ⼀个国家的 and teeth to the innovative consciousness of social members. ( 软实⼒与社会成员的创新意识唇⻮相依。 )Essay 020 我对中式英语的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about Chinglish, a linguistic phenomenon which refers to the variations of English in China, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards Chinglish, especially your opinion on its rationality. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Full of Awkwardness With the progress of globalization, we are now in touch with more foreign languages in our daily life. From advertisements to the announcement on the plane, from sign boards to menu cards, we are surrounded by foreign words, especially English words. However, the Chinglish phenomenon often occurs around us. Many expressions we use are strange in a foreigner's eyes. For instance, “Good good study, day day up” is a very famous motto among students. And other interesting expressions like “Long time no see”, “People mountain, people sea” are all commonly quoted. Mixed with Chinese sentence order, these expressions are definitely violating English grammar. Saying them all daylong, many English learners have taken them for granted, especially those beginners. With more and more exchanges between China and other countries, an increasing number of foreign friends have come to China. The Chinglish signs in the public transportation, scenic spots and many other places can be awkward, like “Don't forget to carry your thing.” in the bus broadcast which is actually aimed to remind the passengers to carry their personal stuff with them. Many consider that Chinglish disrespects the original English language. And the international image of China can be ruined by these Chinglish expressions. Excerpt 2 Language Is Evolving All the Time While many people are objecting to the popularity of Chinglish, others are holding totally different opinions towards the issue. Since language is evolving all the time, many people think it is very natural to have Chinglish. In the development of languages, the appearance of lingua franca, a type of language combining two languages, is very common. And they have also pointed out that the birth of Chinglish is not a matter of incompetent English. More often, it is carrying Chinese notions and understandings as well as the Chinese way of thinking. While many are viewing the lingua franca negatively, some are quite optimistic about it and suggest the true meaning of language is to deliver meanings. It's natural to break grammar rules from time to time. The localization of English in China has been bred for a long time. For example, we always hear the English names of people and places translated directly from its Chinese pronunciations. And the doing has saved a lot of trouble for us in communications. The Chinglish expressions have absorbed the language habits and vocabularies in Chinese and that has made English more acceptable in China. 审题⽴意本作⽂的题⽬围绕中式英语这⼀语⾔现象展开。随着经济全球化 的进程，英语在中国被⼴泛学习与使⽤。越来越多的外国友⼈来到中 国，许多公共场所也增添了英语提⽰语。然⽽，在使⽤英⽂的过程 中，我们不可避免地为其添加了中⽂的因素， 产⽣了具有汉语特点的 不符合英⽂表达的中式英语。许多⼈认为这⼀现象是蹩脚的英⽂的暴 露，⽽另⼀些⼈认为这是正常的语⾔融合过程。考⽣在阅读两则材料 的基础上，给出⾃⼰的⻅解。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点。中式英语是影响了中国国际形象 的错误英语，以及中式英语是汉语内涵与英⽂单词的良好结合。 发表⾃⼰的观点。观点可以是语⾔的存在与使⽤旨在进⾏良好 的沟通，是否是中式英语并⽆伤⼤雅。 总结观点。对于英语的学习，我们应该学习正确的语法与表 达。对于中式英语的使⽤区分场合、地点等。 精彩范⽂ No Need to Put Grammar on a Pedestal Nowadays, Chinglish has become popular in our country. Alongside the economic communications, English has flooded into our culture. But just as we always hear: When in Rome, do as Romans do. It seems that English has been reshaped a little in China. On the Chinglish phenomenon, some people think it is inappropriate to speak or write something that violates English language rules or habits, especially these palpable mistakes in public signs and advertisements. On the other hand, many people are holding different thoughts. Considering that we cannot belittle the importance of language merging, they have proposed that it is a common situation to have language variations in the cultural communications. It seems to me that English learning should absolutely be standard while the existence of Chinglish is doing no harm. (Viewpoint)First, the attention towards Chinglish may be different depending on circumstances. (Topic sentence) When it comes to the official documents or company documents, shoddy translation should be avoided. But on other informal occasions, the using of Chinglish is acceptable. The adapted version of English has actually added something new to the original version. That is to say, the Chinglish phenomenon has helped to enrich English with Chinese cultural elements. Second, it is not fair to compare the usage of English in China and on its home turf, like in North America and Britain. (Topic sentence) Every language has some borrowed words from other languages. But at last, we'll find out that the surviving ones are the practical ones which have combined different cultural connotations of two cultures and have been accepted by the people. Chinglish is reasonable to exist in China, just like we are not hearing standard mandarin from every foreigner. We never know which Chinglish word will be included in English dictionaries in the future. In conclusion, the most important thing is to communicate. To deny the dynamism of language is to hinder the process of our civilizations. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 以 为标榜，放在⾼⾼的位置上 put... on a pedestal …… ⼊乡随俗 When in Rome, do as Romans do 明显的错误 palpable mistake 轻视 belittle vt. 合并，融合 merge vt. 语⾔变体（如各地⽅⾔等） language variation ⽆妨，不伤害 do no harm 劣质的，粗制滥造的 shoddy adj. 在⾃⼰的领地上 on its home turf阻碍，妨碍 hinder vt. 亮点句式 Second, it is not fair to compare the usage of English in China and on its home turf, like in North America and Britain. 【译⽂】 第⼆，去对⽐中国的英语使⽤情况及其本⼟的使⽤情 况，如与北美和英国相⽐是不公平的。 【分析】 是固定句型，表⽰ 做某事是不公平 It's not fair to do sth. “ 的 。有时也可以在前⾯加上 这样的单词，如： ” granted Granted, it is not （诚然，去⽐较汤姆和伦纳德是不公 fair to compare Tom and Leonard. 平的。）Essay 021 互联⽹时代练字的重要性 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about handwriting in the Internet era, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the Chinese character, especially on the importance of good handwriting in modern society. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Glorious Chinese Handwriting Ever since the age of the Yellow Emperor, Chinese characters have been invented. According to the legends in China, Cangjie was the one who invented the characters based on the animals in the world, the landscape of the earth, and the stars in the sky. Handwriting as a unique art in our country is closely linked to Chinese characters just like the exquisite decoration on a crown. Over thousands of years, Chinese handwriting has gone through the changes of dynasties and the invasions of foreign cultures. But all the vicissitudes have only turned Chinese handwriting into a refined version. Handwriting is the direct representation of our cultures and personal habits.In fundamental education, calligraphy has become a compulsory lesson which has shown us that the handwriting is not left out in modern society. The writing process is a practice of concentration. And the whole process is a concordant movement of the brain and the hand which needs us to be flexible in the writing. Chinese people believe handwriting can represent a man, for it can both cultivate one's temperament and reflect one's personalities. A person who writes well is said to be more patient than those who have bad handwriting. Excerpt 2 The Convenient Digital Era With the development of technology and science, modern life is filled with digital tools. Instead of the traditional way to record things by hand, our pens have been replaced by computers; the dictionaries are no longer heavy books, but pages online which can be searched easily. Compared with human work, computers are more efficient and accurate. And with the popularity of the Internet, online text input is increasingly replacing handwriting. With the constant improvement of word-inputting software, we can literally type anything with computers and keyboards. And the tools like Microsoft Office are applied in nearly every modern working place. A good command of computer skills has even become one of the qualifications in employment. Therefore, the requirement of one's handwriting is not strict nowadays. The updating technology is probably ushering us into the era in which our thoughts can directly be printed into words. And by that time, the basic needs would be the recognition of the characters and we may officially bid farewell to handwriting to free our hands. 审题⽴意 随着电脑科技与⽂字输⼊软件的不断发展升级，令⼈眼前⼀亮的 书法已经越来越少⻅了。以往，我们⽤ 遒劲有⼒ ⾏云流⽔ 这样的 “ ”“ ”词语来赞美⼀个⼈的书法⽔平⾼超。⽽现在，取⽽代之的是⽤ ⼗指⽣ “ ⻛ 这样的词语来夸奖某⼈⾼超的打字⽔平。在互联⽹时代，练字是否 ” 还有必要？考⽣结合以上两段材料，发表⾃⼰的观点。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，书法是我们⽂化中宝 贵的财富；另⼀⽅⾯，数字技术⽇新⽉异，我们的⼤多数⼯作⽤电脑 就能⾼效地完成，⽽不需要⼿写。 发表⾃⼰的观点。汉字的书写对于我们⽽⾔是必须要注意的问 题，尽管时代⻜速发展，我们不再像以前⼀样频繁写字，但是作为中 国⼈，练字是弘扬⽂化的必要之举。 总结观点。⽇新⽉异的⽣活常常使⼈将很多传统的因素抛诸脑 后。练字与读书⼀样，是怡情养性的活动，写⼀⼿好字是⼗分有必要 的。 精彩范⽂ Utilitarianism Should Not Dominate Our Culture Nowadays, there is a growing awareness of practicing handwriting. Many people consider handwriting as not important, for it is no longer the only tool for human beings to record things. Or in other words, we have found a more convenient and practical tool in our society and that is typing. Others are thinking Chinese handwriting possesses a long history and it is the treasure in our culture. Therefore, good handwriting is necessary for everyone. In my opinion, we may judge the acquisition of a skill according to its practical use, but we shall never measure our handwriting in such way, for culture is priceless. (Viewpoint) First of all, the pursuit of technology is not an excuse to ignore our handwriting quality. (Topic sentence) Surely the development of advanced technology is delightful, for computers have released and will continue to release us from the redundant work. But we can't be furtherfrom the truth if we think it's natural for handwriting to be on the brink of doom nowadays. Characters are the foundation of our literacy abilities. Though typing gives us the convenience of picking words from the list that computers provide, without writing these characters, our reading abilities shall be derided along with our ugly handwriting. And that's what we call the practical force of habit. Also, the precipitous drop in good handwriting quality is a concern about our culture. (Topic sentence) As Chinese, not a single one of us wants to state in a pathetic tone that our cultures were nice, but they are wilting now. Being insolent to the way we write Chinese characters which is imprinted on us for a long time is to leave our culture behind. The Chinese characters are of great significance in the history of our culture. They are not only the representation of the language we speak, but also the specific signs that suggest who we are in a world of various nations. It would be both pitiful and absurd that we Chinese should have no ability to write our own characters well. (Conclusion) Whether it's in the Internet era today or in an era with more advanced technology tomorrow, practicing our handwriting is always the right choice. 主题词汇 功利主义 utilitarianism ⼤错特错 can't be further from the truth 在 的边缘 on the brink of …… 读写能⼒ literacy ability 嘲笑 deride vt. 习惯的⼒量 force of habit 急剧下降 precipitous drop 可悲的 pathetic adj. 枯萎 wilt vi.对 ⽆礼 be insolent to …… 亮点句式 As Chinese, not a single one of us wants to state in a pathetic tone that our cultures were nice, but they are wilting now. 【译⽂】 作为中国⼈，我们中没有⼀个⼈愿意可怜兮兮地说我们 的⽂化曾经很美，但是现在它们正在枯萎。 【分析】 这句话旨在表达每⼀个中国⼈都不想看到⾃⼰的⽂化衰 落沉寂的景象，我们对于⺠族⽂化的保护应该从现在开始，⽽对于汉 字书写的重视便是保护⽂化的重要⾏动。Essay 022 关于⼉童 性教育 “ ” ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on sex education for kids, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards sex education, especially on whether it's necessary for kids. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 An Implicit Way Would Be Better Recently, a post on Weibo complaining about the illustrations in an elementary school textbook on sex education has attracted many netizens. According to the post, there are not only the depictions of reproductive organs on the book, but also the process of having sex which aims to describe sexual harassment to the pupils. For a great number of parents, this explicit way of teaching sex is doubted, for they are worried about a negative psychological impact on their kids. The elementary school students have never been exposed to much physiological knowledge until they receive the sex education in school. Such a sudden and detailed illustration of sex may be unacceptable to many of them. Considering the totally different characteristics between childhoodand adolescence, the thought of postponing sex education to teenage period to balance the physical growth and recognition is proposed by many people. Also, compared with teaching sexual knowledge in public, guidance from the family is an ideal way according to many parents. They think the traditional model of sex education that mothers teach the girls and fathers explain to the boys is more scientific. Excerpt 2 No Need to Be Furtive Sex education as an important part in a child's growth has been expected in our society for a long time. Because of cultural influences, any topics about sex were seen as taboo subjects in the past. However, schools and parents found it hard to explain to children about their birth. Thus many kids were told that they were presents from the shopping malls or the bonus of some games. People may consider that though the deficiency in sex knowledge results in the ignorance of physiology, it does no substantial harm to a kid's life. Yet the fact is that sex education is closely related with the health and safety of the kids. According to China Social Assistance Foundation, over 500 child sex abuse cases were reported by the media in 2014. Without the basic awareness of self protection, the kids can be easily harmed. The sex education to children is natural and necessary. Therefore, there's no need for adults to take a nudge-and-a-wink attitude every time they are talking about it. And with the strict scrutiny of textbooks, schools will do well in sex education. 审题⽴意 关于孩⼦的性教育问题最近在社会中引起了⼴泛讨论。缘由在于 家⻓认为性教育教科书上的内容尺度过⼤。⼀直以来，孩⼦的性知识 缺乏是因为他们很少学习过相关知识。不仅是⼩孩⼦，很多成年⼈也 谈性⾊变。事实上，在孩⼦⾯前遮遮掩掩，反⽽使得正常问题的解决 变得⼗分怪异。反之，我们应该以客观的态度去对待这些⽣理知识，然后去传授给孩⼦们，让他们提⾼⾃我保护意识，正视⾃⼰的⾝体成 ⻓情况。学校对未成年⼈展开的正式的性教育也可以极⼤程度上避免 孩⼦们受到不良⽂化的影响。考⽣在阅读两则材料的基础上，发表⾃ ⼰对于性教育以及教育⽅式的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，即应该隐晦地进⾏性教育还是光 明正⼤地教育。 发表⾃⼰的观点。对于⼩学⽣的性教育是⼗分必要的，也是正 常的，不必躲闪。 总结观点。孩⼦们只有掌握了必要的知识，才不会过分好奇， 才不会在遇到侵害的时候不知所措。 精彩范⽂ The Unnecessary Enigma Sex as an unavoidable topic has been obscure in our society for a long time. Therefore sex education has lagged behind even though the problem caused by it has existed for a long time. And under such situations, sex education in school has stirred up a heated discussion. Many people are supporting sex education in elementary school. They think sex education in our society has been in an awkward predicament for a long time and it's time to put it on the table. But others are more conservative, proposing that sex education in elementary schools have added many bare details and may be unacceptable to kids. In my opinion, a proper understanding of sex is not an ignominious behavior and the sex education in school is definitely necessary. (Viewpoint) Many problems arise from the lack of sex knowledge. (Topic sentence) Young people are increasingly having sex before marriage nowadays and girl students becoming pregnant is not a rare case in China.Besides, it's the adults' fault that more and more child abuse cases are hitting the headlines. On the other hand, there's no need for us to elude the objective knowledge. (Topic sentence) Sex education is nothing different from teaching knowledge. The knowledge can be hard to explain sometimes, but a systematic and scientific acquisition of sex knowledge is not embarrassing. In addition, being evasive about sex problems before a kid would invariably lead the kid to be more confused about such problems. Above all, the adults should not be secretive about sex knowledge. (Conclusion) Sex education is important, for it is closely related with the health and safety issues of the kids, both physically and mentally. And there's nothing mysterious about sex education except for the veil we cast over it. 主题词汇 不解之谜 enigma n. 激起 stir up 窘境 predicament n. 保守的 conservative adj. 不光彩的，下流的 ignominious adj. 摧残⼉童 child abuse 逃避 elude vt. 避⽽不谈的 evasive adj. 对 遮遮掩掩 be secretive about …… ⾯纱 veil n. 亮点句式And there's nothing mysterious about sex education except for the veil we cast over it. 【译⽂】 性教育的问题没有什么神秘的，只是我们给它蒙上了⼀ 层⾯纱。 【分析】 本句为全⽂结尾句，使⽤了 there's nothing mysterious 这⼀句式，意为 并没有什么神秘的 ，表⽰强调，可以突 about... “…… ” 出⽂章的主旨； 是介词短语，意为 除了 之外 ，表⽰ except for... “ …… ” 补充说明； 中 是先⾏词，被省略关系代词 the veil we cast over it the veil 的定语从句 所修饰，这是⼀种⽐喻的说法，让⽂章语 that we cast over it ⾔显得更加形象、⽣动。Essay 023 我对 在家接受教育 的看法 “ ” ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about homeschooling, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards homeschooling, especially your opinion on the pros and cons of it. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Real Personalized Education Homeschooling is a kind of education that is conducted at home by parents or tutors. Compared with schooling in a normal sense, homeschooling is less formal but more flexible and efficient. Influenced by alternative educational philosophies, the reasons that parents cite for homeschooling their kids are various which include mainly the dissatisfaction with schools and the interest in increasing involvement in their children's learning and development. The dissatisfactions that parents hold towards schools are usually the education quality, the curriculum arrangement, the bullying problem and the lack of patience in looking after the kids' emotional needs. Besides doubting the school environment, parentsare also trying to get involved in their children's education by giving them more space and care to develop their aptitude and ability. Homeschooling can be especially helpful, for it assures the consistency of education and also a consistent teaching style for kids, because a homeschooling teacher is with the child for many years and thus becomes more intimately acquainted with the child. Also, the class schedule and time of the homeschooling are more flexible. From every perspective, homeschooling realizes student-oriented education. Excerpt 2 The Utopian Dream in Education Although homeschooling is seen as a satisfying education way, to construct a successful homeschooling program is nothing easy. Keeping the kids at home means parents shall take on all the duties in a kid's growth which are relatively complex and difficult. To play the role of teachers well, parents need to become qualified educators firstly in not just one single subject. Besides, parents are required to invest massive amounts of time as well as dedication to educate the children. In other words, a regular timetable of the adults' work may not be harmonious with homeschooling. And it is challenging not only to the patience and ability of the parents but also to the financial condition of a family. The social life of the kids is the biggest loophole of homeschooling. Parents who simply put their children in a room with a lot of books will definitely meet failure with homeschooling. Homeschooled children will face social difficulties in their future since their social settings are narrowed compared with the kids who go to school. And for parents who want to homeschool their children, it's tricky to provide a necessary social life the kids need. 审题⽴意教育关系到个⼈未来的发展，也与社会的进步紧密相连，⽽教育 ⽅式的选择直接影响教育效果。 在家接受教育 是⼀种在家庭环境内 “ ” 进⾏的教育⽅式，孩⼦们不需要去学校，⽽直接由⽗⺟或者家庭教师 进⾏教育。这种教育⽅式从某种意义上来说真正实现了 因材施教 的 “ ” 教育理念，对孩⼦的个⼈学习能⼒、潜能以及情感因素都能实现最⼤ 程度的考虑。但是另⼀⽅⾯，由于 在家接受教育 没有如学校教育⼀ “ ” 样科学编排的教材，也没有固定的课程时间安排，全部的教学重担就 都落在了家⻓肩上，家⻓要直接为孩⼦的⼀切负责。这对于家庭的⽂ 化⽔平以及经济状况都有⼀定的要求。因此， 在家接受教育 对于很 “ ” 多家庭来讲在现阶段是不现实的。考⽣可凭借个⼈学习经历及感悟， 对 在家接受教育 提出⾃⼰的看法。 “ ” 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯， 在家接受教育 在很 “ ” 多⽅⾯具有优势，能满⾜孩⼦的个性发展需求；另⼀⽅⾯， 在家接受 “ 教育 对客观条件要求较⾼，不易实现。 ” 发表⾃⼰的观点。 在家接受教育 的最⼤优势就在于对孩⼦个 “ ” 性的关注与满⾜，在其⽆法实现的情况下，家⻓们也应该努⼒掌握孩 ⼦的学习情况，尽最⼤努⼒来关注其⾝⼼发展，这样才会产⽣良好的 教育效果。 总结观点。对于教育的关注永远没有终点。家庭与学校都应该 不断努⼒，最终所有的教育都能如 在家接受教育 ⼀般对每⼀个孩⼦ “ ” 都给予充分关注的话，相信会有令⼈满意的结果。 精彩范⽂ No Seeds Germinate without Water Nowadays, homeschooling has attracted many people's attention, for it puts the kids' personal traits and needs in first place. But on the other hand,its practicability is also doubted since the realization of homeschooling is far more difficult than school education. In my opinion, although homeschooling is hard to be realized for most families nowadays, it has great implication for parenting. (Viewpoint) One thing that is crystal clear in homeschooling is that the kids' needs are always the primary concern. (Topic sentence) Homeschooling provides the environment in which the kids are surrounded by the people who love them enough to accept all their potentials and weaknesses in both studies and life. And for the parents, they are accessible to the kids' likes and dislikes in such an education setting. The full understanding of kids in a home-schooling environment can turn unruly kids and the vexed parents into great partners in knowledge acquisition. Therefore, even though homeschooling is not popular in our society because of realistic reasons nowadays, we should have great faith in its future. Second, parents need to give as much attention as they can to their kids from all aspects even if they are not homeschooling them. (Topic sentence) Relying on the school education, some parents seem to have forgotten that the future development of the naive faces also hinge on their devotion. To harp on the little human beings who are driven by the endless verdure of childhood is not the wise choice. Many parents are devoid of the concern for their children nowadays. Thus, homeschooling can be a supplemental form of education. At all events, the care and guidance from the parents are significant in a kid's growth. (Conclusion) And that's why we are confident in the future popularity of homeschooling. 主题词汇 发芽 germinate vi. 性格特征 personal traits 叛逆的 unruly adj. 烦恼的 vexed adj. 取决于 hinge on喋喋不休 harp on 缺乏 be devoid of ⽆论如何 at all events 亮点句式 Therefore, even though homeschooling is not popular in our society because of realistic reasons nowadays, we should have great faith in its future. 【译⽂】 因此，尽管 在家接受教育 如今因为现实原因还未在我 “ ” 们的社会中盛⾏，我们也应该对其未来抱有信⼼。 【分析】 句中的 意为 对 有信⼼ ，属于固定搭 have faith in “ …… ” 配，等同于 或 等。 feel confident of have confidence inEssay 024 关于成功学 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the way to success, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards success, especially your opinion on whether success could be taught through lessons. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Learn from the Best What's booming with the rapid development of society and economy nowadays is the ambitions of modern people. In the age of information and resources, we yearn more for success than past generations. Seminars and lessons on success are emerging in response to the needs. The lectures on success provide us with experiences of giants in a certain industry. Analyzing the opportunities and challenges on their way to success is helpful for starters. The analysis of successful experiences lead the learners to go through different phases of a business by presenting them with details of every step and raising their precautionary awareness towards their own career.In addition, various seminars or workshops of success inspire young people to be adventurous and simultaneously encourage them to develop their potential to the utmost. These lessons bring out the best in people by providing them with actual and referential guidance. At the same time, such courses on success help the learners get to know more about their own advantages and shortages. Knowing about ourselves fully is the first and the fundamental task in achieving great works. In a word, courses about success will no doubt benefit us a lot. Excerpt 2 Haste Makes Waste Once the great Hindu philosopher Swami Vivekananda pointed out for us that the way to success is to take up one idea and make that one idea your life. Yet nowadays, with various lessons and lectures on how to achieve success, the philosophy on success seems not only about one idea but also about the collection of ideas. It brings us such an illusion that if we take one such lesson we will make a change in our life. However, the question here is whether several lectures are all we need to reach the peak of greatness. Even within the same industry, every successful case is different. With the changes of social conditions, it's absolutely impossible to copy others' success stories. Not to mention the different individual conditions. In addition, it's reasonable for us to question whether the secrets of success are substantial. Would anyone be willing to share them with a huge number of people at a commonly accepted price? Meanwhile, a person can never know himself from others. Needless to say, it's our own task and our own unique talent to figure out who we are and what we are capable of. The confidence you get from the professional speakers in a training class on success cannot last long enough to help you through the real difficulties. 审题⽴意随着社会经济的快速发展，我们对于成功的渴望也变得愈发强 烈。成功学及其培训课程也因此蓬勃发展。针对这⼀社会现象，不同 的⼈有不同的看法。有⼈认为，成功学的课程剖析成功实例，能为学 习者提供真实的经验与教训；同时，这些课程也能为学习者分析个⼈ 的优劣势所在，从⽽帮助他们科学地决定⾃⼰未来发展的道路。但也 有⼈认为， 纸上得来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬⾏。 学习他⼈的成功经 “ ” 验固然重要，但是能否实践还是在于⾃⼰，若是凭借三⾔两语便能参 透成功的诀窍，那么⼜何必努⼒呢？成功学及其相关课程舍本逐末， 将成功的鸡汤喂⾷给学习者，对成功过程中的努⼒轻描淡写。⾯对这 样的争论，考⽣如何看待成功学呢？结合材料，发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，有⼈认为，成功学及 其相关课程可以帮助学习者完善⾃我，提供信念与⾏动上的双重指 导。另⼀⽅⾯，还有⼈认为，在如⽕如荼的成功学课程背后是⽆数颗 渴望快速成功的⼼，成功学华⽽不实，效果堪忧。 发表⾃⼰的观点。成功学有⼀定作⽤，但真正的成功需要我们 脚踏实地⼀步⼀个脚印地努⼒，凭借实⼲，积累经验，最终有所成 就。 总结观点。⼀分耕耘⼀分收获。我们要相信努⼒的⼒量，不畏 艰难，不断进步。 精彩范⽂ Resist the Temptation to Take a Shortcut With a stronger belief in experience and information, more and more people who aspire to succeed have begun to take various courses and lectures on how to achieve success recently. Although sharing the same goal of chasing success, different people have different opinions on coursesand lectures on success. Some believe that the lessons on success perfect us since they provide us with guidance on our personal development. Others doubt that these lessons and lectures are merely like fast food that can only satisfy our stomach but has inadequate nutrition. As far as I'm concerned, it's beneficial to learn from the successful cases in a certain industry. However, success requires hard work and our meticulous accumulations. (Viewpoint) Firstly, using various available resources to help us become a better person is definitely a right move in pursuing success. (Topic sentence) The path of exploring a career is usually full of uncertainties and it's hard for individuals to solve all the problems themselves. The lessons and lectures on success provide us with guidance on self-management and offer us feasible suggestions to help us reach our goal. However, taking lessons on success is a small step in winning success. Challenges and obstacles are unavoidable for everyone who wants to be successful. (Topic sentence) Many organizations that launch the lessons and lectures on success are just taking advantage of people's eagerness to succeed. They try to play up the success of other people and leave those who hunger for success with the impression that success is easy to come by. It should be made very clear that we cannot replace the efforts we need to make to obtain success with something as simple as several speeches. Otherwise, these lectures can only be the drawbacks to success. The group behind various success-training lessons is typically the frustrated people who want to be successful as quickly as they can. Just as good dishes take time, extraordinary work needs time to be done. We may take the success lessons as tips in life but never the key to success. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 抵制诱惑 resist the temptation ⾛捷径 take a shortcut 追逐 chase v. 只不过；仅仅 merely adv.缺乏的，不⾜的 inadequate adj. ⼀丝不苟的，认真的 meticulous adj. 可⾏的，可做的 feasible adj. 缺点，不利条件 drawback n. 亮点句式 Although sharing the same goal of chasing success, different people have different opinions on courses and lectures on success. 【译⽂】 尽管有追求成功的相同⽬标，不同的⼈对于成功学课程 有不同的看法。 【分析】 这样的句式适合⽤在作⽂的⾸段中，进⾏铺垫，随后阐 述不同的观点。⼜如： Although sharing the same wish towards a better （虽然对美好的社会有 society, different people have different proposals. 相同的期盼，不同的⼈主张不同。）Essay 025 买书还是借书？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about borrowing books and buying books, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards buying books and borrowing books, especially your opinion on which way is better for our reading. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Borrowing Books Is Recycling Resources Reading is one of the great powers that promote the progress of human society. As a means of knowledge acquisition and sharing, books are always considered to be the bridge of talking to great minds and therefore become the apple in many people's eyes. The purpose of reading lies in understanding and perceiving, but not in possessing books. Therefore borrowing books from available resources is a convenient way for us to enjoy the pleasure of reading. Borrowing books is an environmentally friendly way to read. It saves us both money and space. One book can be read by various readers for numerous times if it could be borrowed. Yet a personal book which is bought is only for one reader.At the same time, owning a book brings the feeling of having endless time to finish reading, which will make reading less efficient. In addition, borrowing books means that we can get to know whether a book is worth reading without financial losses, while buying books is actually taking the risk of keeping the books that we do not like or that are not valuable. Excerpt 2 Read as You Like Books as the collection of human wisdom are not only the carriers of knowledge and cultures but also the great works of art. Providing guidance when we are confused and bringing peace when we are in the hustle and bustle of large crowds, books are the best friends of human beings. Surrounded by books, we will subconsciously pick up one and read. Once we turn over the last page and put the book back our shelves, the feeling of satisfaction and joyfulness arise. Owning a book makes us not hurry in reading and thus we can get enjoyment from reading and digesting it. Books, especially the classics, should not be read quickly. We need time to read them repeatedly and dig into them. However, borrowing books is accompanied with the deadline for returning which is not favorable for a deep reading. On the other hand, as the palest ink is better than the best memory, it's necessary to take notes when we are reading. To take notes freely and clearly, we need to have the right to use the book. After all, it is definitely not proper to write on the borrowed books. 审题⽴意 ⾼尔基说： 书是⼈类进步的阶梯。 培根说： 读书⾜以怡情，⾜ “ ” “ 以博彩，⾜以⻓才。 从古⾄今，书籍⼀直是⼈类传递智慧、汲取智慧 ” 的重要⼿段和重要源泉。读书之乐，回味⽆穷。可以说，书籍是⼈类 最好的朋友。然⽽，在崇尚知识的同时，不同的⼈对于买书来读和借 书来读的意⻅却不相同。⼀⽅⾯，借书环保且节约资源，⼀本书的印 刷有益于不计其数的读者，⽽且借来的书会给我们以时间限制，督促阅读，所谓 书⾮借不能读也 ；但是另⼀⽅⾯，买书使⼈不必因为时 “ ” 间问题⽽仓促阅读，可以随时写下⾃⼰的阅读感悟，体会 ⾏到⽔穷 “ 处，坐看云起时 的悠然阅读之感。不同的阅读习惯造就了不同的阅读 ” 偏好。那么就读书⽅⾯⽽⾔，考⽣是哪种类型的读者呢？结合材料， 发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，借书节省资源⽽且可 以督促阅读；另⼀⽅⾯，买书使⼈安⼼且可以任意做笔记。 发表⾃⼰的观点。借书和买书都是必需的读书⽅式，在我们的 ⽣活中，应该两种⽅式结合使⽤，根据书籍类型及其实⽤性来决定是 借阅还是买来保存。 总结观点。作为读书过程中的细节问题，借书阅读还是买书阅 读对于很多读者⽽⾔是截然不同的两种体验，适合⾃⼰的阅读⽅式才 是最好的。 精彩范⽂ On Reading Always keeping an amicable relation with the development of human society, books are the sanctum for us. We exult in reading and grow into a complete person with the help of it. While the value of reading is appreciated by everyone, divergent opinions are roused with regard to borrowing books and buying books. Some say that borrowing books is about resource sharing. It's an expedient way to select the books we like without costing anything. Yet people who espouse buying books acclaim that by buying books, we are more likely to spend a joyful time with slow reading. As far as I'm concerned, no stark denial should be given to each way. The choice can be flexibly made according to the types of a book and the frequency we use the book. (Viewpoint)Firstly, the essence of reading is the passion inside us, be it through the borrowed books or the bought ones. (Topic sentence) Reading brings the tonic to our hearts. And the reading experience varies from person to person. Therefore, when it comes to borrowing books and buying books, the main criterion is our own reading preference. If a borrowed book could bring the peaceful mind an efficient reading, then borrowing books is a good choice. If the calm and devoted reading only comes from our total possession of a book, and then we should really ignore the cost and buy the book we want. Secondly, an objective reason for deciding to buy a book or to borrow it may depend upon the type of the book. (Topic sentence) As Francis Bacon has pointed out for us, “Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.” For us, the books that only need to be tasted and swallowed are the ones that we borrow. As for the ones that need to be chewed and digested, we should buy them and keep reading them all through our life. At the same time, reference books like dictionaries and writing handbooks may be well welcomed in our home since we will need them all the time. In all, different people have different reading habits. What suits us best is the best choice. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 友好的， amicable adj. 圣地，圣所 sanctum n. 因 ⽽欢欣⿎舞 exult in …… 权宜之计的 expedient adj. ⽀持 espouse vt. 完全的；绝对的；鲜明的 stark adj. 补药 tonic n. 亮点句式What suits us best is the best choice. 【译⽂】 适合我们的就是最好的选择。 【分析】 此处 是整个句⼦的主语，是由 引导 What suits us best what 的⼀个主语从句。这样的句式可以经常⽤在英⽂写作中，⼜如： What （毁不了你的只会使你更强⼤。） doesn't kill you makes you stronger.Essay 026 师⽣关系 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on the relationships between teachers and students, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the relationships between teachers and students, especially on the ideal relationship in your mind. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Take Students as Friends The importance of establishing a harmonious and strong relationship between students and teachers can never be overemphasized. As the two active factors in the process of education, teachers and students have different duties. To complete the education better, great teachers usually focus on the connections with their students rather than the students' compliance. Education is such an interactive task that it is impossible to fulfill if either side breaks the law of interaction. Therefore, mutual understanding between students and teachers is of great significance. Teaching and learning is a process that go hand in hand with the participants knowing clearly about their requirements. A friendly communication betweenteachers and students is the precondition of efficient knowledge transmission. A good education starts from the frank and equal exchange of each other's expectations. If a sense of distance is created because of the ideology barriers in positions, then it is hard for teachers to approach their students. In order to make education fruitful, teachers should play the role of not only a mentor but also a friend and give more proper encouragement and guidance to their students. Excerpt 2 Stamp the Authority of a Teacher Surely, the scenery of students and teachers smiling at each other is warm and beautiful, yet the close relationship between teachers and students is not always appropriate in the actual process of education. The ultimate task of a teacher is to bring out the best of the students' ability to master knowledge. A teacher can be friendly to a student, but they cannot be friends. The identity of a friend is conflicted with the status of a teacher. A teacher must be someone who points out the misdoings of their students and supervises the correction process. People tend to set unrealistic high standards and labels on teachers to make them be friends with their students when no one has ever considered the difficulty in scolding a friend face to face. A teacher's authority is absolutely to be maintained. Even if the relationship between teachers and students should be based on trust and respect, students must treat their teachers seriously. All students are fond of amicable and knowledgeable teachers. Yet this lovely image of a teacher should not be at the expense of a teacher's authority. Teachers and their students can become true or even best friends after the students' graduation, but not during the period when one side is still under the supervision of the other. 审题⽴意师⽣关系即教师和学⽣之间的关系。尊师重道、良师益友等都是 我们⽿熟能详的能够体现师⽣关系的词语。可以说，和谐的师⽣关系 是提⾼教育质量不可或缺的要素。现代教育强调教师的主导作⽤以及 学⽣的主体作⽤。⽽在这个过程中，⽼师到底要扮演⼀个什么样的⾓ ⾊呢？有⼈说，师者如友，教育应该是春⻛化⾬般柔和。有⼈说，师 者需威严，这样才能保证教育活动的顺利进⾏。考⽣如何看待师⽣关 系，结合两则作⽂材料发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，教师要了解学⽣动 态，要乐于并善于以朋友的⾓度让学⽣敞开⼼扉，促使教育达成预期 效果。另⼀⽅⾯，教师与学⽣过于亲密必然导致其权威丧失，⽆助于 教师教育⾏为的顺利进⾏。 发表⾃⼰的观点。师⽣关系既不能针锋相对，也不能过于亲 密。只有掌握好这个度，才能保证教育活动的顺利进⾏。 总结观点。师⽣关系在教育过程中举⾜轻重，关系到孩⼦未来 的发展，应着⼒建⽴起和谐、融洽的师⽣关系。 精彩范⽂ A Good Teacher-Student Relationship In the process of education, teachers are the engineers who need to finish various herculean tasks. Traditionally, teachers are considered as gardeners, whereas today it is harder for them to find a clear role due to the rapid social and economic development. Considering the intricacy of the relationships between teachers and students, different people provide varied suggestions. Some prod teachers into becoming friends with their students so that they can make sincere communication and gain mutual understanding. Others argue that teachers should assert their authority to promise the powerful role in education. In my opinion, teachers andstudents should establish a sound and proper relationship through mutual respect and understanding. (Viewpoint) Firstly, it is necessary for teachers and students to be forthright and friendly to each other. However, the relationship is way different from intimacy. (Topic sentence) A friendly relationship with students helps a teacher win the trust of students and make his or her teaching easier to be accepted. However, the teacher-student relationship should never be the same as the one between two close friends. The reason is obvious. If a student made a big mistake that had a bad impact, how could the teacher treat him or her like a friend? Needless to say if the student challenged the teacher's authority in public it would not be a good situation. Teachers can communicate with their students the same way as friends do, but the relationship between them should firstly be that between teachers and students. On the other hand, the construction of authority is not based on impetuous hegemony. (Topic sentence) A great teacher must be someone who teaches students by his or her actions. The words and deeds of the teacher are like the bricks for building the teacher's image. Therefore, to earn the respect of the students and thus form an education-oriented relationship, teachers should improve themselves all the time. Education is never an easy job. Though every teacher loves their students, they must love them in a right way. Ideally, a teacher should be both a good mentor and a helpful friend to his or her students, and above all, a teacher should be an instructor who is responsible for their students. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 困难的，艰巨的 herculean adj. 复杂性 intricacy n. 劝说 prod... into doing... ⾔⾏坦诚的 forthright adj. 远远地，⾮常，⼤⼤地 way adv.轻率的；鲁莽的；冲动的 impetuous adj. ⽀配权；霸权 hegemony n. 导师 mentor n. 亮点句式 Considering the intricacy of the relationships between teachers and students, different people provide varied suggestions. 【译⽂】 考虑到师⽣关系的复杂性，不同的⼈给出了不同的建 议。 【分析】 ， Considering the intricacy of... different people provide 这个句式可以⽤在作⽂的开头部分，⽤以阐述材料 varied suggestions. 的两种观点。Essay 027 关于语法学习 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the role of grammar in language learning, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the role of grammar in language learning, especially your opinion on whether it is necessary to learn grammar. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Context Determines Language The debate on what's the right way to master a certain kind of language is always fierce in the field of language education. Numerous teaching and learning methods are proposed to guide the real learning process. Nowadays with the development of the Internet and online language learning resources, many people speak highly of soaking in language context. For most language learners, the ultimate function of a language is to exchange thoughts and ideas in social settings. Context is to the language what the flower is to the bee. Language would make a continuous sound like a bee without the nurture of context. What's more, languages are the production of social practices. It changes and evolves with the progress ofthe human world which is both rapid and unpredictable. Therefore, language learning should be a constant practice in a real communicating environment. Many language experts deify grammar in language learning. But monotonous grammar learning usually discounts learning enthusiasm. Instead of using target language flexibly and accurately, students encounter fossilization in memorizing endless grammar rules which turns language learning into a nightmare. Excerpt 2 Language Is Organized by Rules Although more language learning resources are available due to the help of the Internet, grammar as the foundation and the basic rules of using a language is of great importance in language learning. Language is a complicated and complete system with its own operating mechanism. Grammar is its core controller that ensures the organization of a sentence as well as the acceptability of a language. The reason why language is able to connect people is that language users respect the common language phenomena. They don't organize the sentence by themselves or cause confusion in communication. On the contrary, they use what's conventionally accepted. In other words, they respect grammar. Grammar represents the logic and style of a language. The language activities such as reading, writing, listening and speaking are all closely related with grammar. It runs through the whole language learning process as it appears at the beginning of language learning and understand the scientificity of a language. And that's exactly why grammar learning is placed first in language learning. 审题⽴意 随着科学技术的快速发展，我们可以通过⽹络寻求越来越多的语 ⾔学习资源。很多⼈提出，基于便捷的资源，我们完全可以通过沉浸式的语⾔学习⽅式掌握⼀门语⾔。通过创造良好的语⾔环境，在⽬标 语语境中⾃然地完成语⾔习得⽽⽆须传统地学习枯燥的语法知识。另 ⼀⽅⾯，很多⼈强调语⾔学习必须从语法开始。语法是⼀种语⾔的组 织规则，也是⼀门语⾔不同于其他语⾔的最显著的特征之⼀。没有语 法，遑论语⾔。沟通中，语⾔使⽤者如果不尊重语法规则，⾃说⾃ 话，那么必将导致沟通出现障碍。⾯对两种不同的语⾔学习观点，考 ⽣如何判断呢？结合材料，发表⾃⼰对于语⾔学习的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，掌握语法使得语⾔学 习的过程变得枯燥且漫⻓，⽽语境式的学习带给学习者更多成就感。 另⼀⽅⾯，语法学习是语⾔学习的基础，只有掌握语法，语⾔学习者 才能顺畅地听说读写。 发表⾃⼰的观点。语法在语⾔学习中的地位是不可撼动的，是 我们⼊门⼀种语⾔的必经之路。万丈⾼楼平地起，没有⼀个良好的语 法基础，整个语⾔学习的过程都将是摇摇晃晃的。 总结观点。语⾔学习同其他任何⼀门学问⼀样，没有捷径可 ⾛。学习语法知识是基础⼯程。 精彩范⽂ Grammar Cannot Be Deposed For such a long time, grammar learning has been the center task of language acquisition. Language learners took grammar learning as the natural entry of being adroit at a language. But recently the sovereign position of grammar has been doubted. While many scholars and teachers are ardently supporting the importance of grammar, other people propose the good mastery of a language is possible to parry the hard work on grammar. From my personal learning experience, grammar learning isthe foundation of learning a language and it is indispensable in language learning. (Viewpoint) The first thing of learning a language would be the construction of sentences which cannot be done without grammar. (Topic sentence) As the beginners of a language, words come after letters and sentences come after words. In the two periods, phonetics and morphology help the letters become words and syntax help the words become sentences. That's the fixed rules in a language. And that is exactly what we call grammar. On the other hand, a sentence without grammatical reasons can hardly be understood. No gestures can be in lieu of grammar. An arrogant demeanor towards grammar would destroy successful communication. The soaking period would be better if it occurred after the grammar learning phase. (Topic sentence) With a solid grammar basis, we are more capable of soaking into a language environment. We wouldn't be confused by the different forms of the same word nor would we confuse others with haphazard sentence organizations. Grammar is like the land where plants and animals live. It is solid and reliable. With years passing by, the sceneries have changed a lot but the land is still there. That is to say, language phenomena may change with the social process, but grammar rules are chronically there to support it. Therefore, grammar learning can never be ignored; otherwise it'll endanger the whole language learning process. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 罢免 depose vt. 熟练 be adroit at 不可缺少的 indispensable adj. ⻓期地 chronically adv. 傲慢的态度 arrogant demeanor 杂乱⽆章的 haphazard adj. 危及 endanger vt.回避 parry vt. 代替 in lieu of 亮点句式 With years passing by, the sceneries have changed a lot but the land is still there. 【译⽂】 随着时间的推移，景观会不断变化，但是⼟地还会在那 ⾥。 【分析】 这样的句式适合⽤在各种话题的作⽂中，⼜如： With （随着时间 years passing by, society changes but the history is still there. 的推移，社会变化，但是历史就在那⾥。）求职就业篇 Essay 028 远程办公 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on telecommuting, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards telecommuting especially on how to apply it in the working field. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Multiple Working Places Bring Higher Efficiency Telecommuting refers to a new working way in which work can be finished outside the office to reduce commuting time. Employees get to choose the best working place which include the office, their homes or even cafes. Connected by broadband devices, computers or other electronic media, distance is no longer a killer of our time anymore. The free working style has become popular nowadays. A broad range of benefits brought by telecommuting has a proven track record forindividuals, employers and society. Telecommuting promotes the substantial productivity of employees as well as improves efficiencies. Also, telecommuting is not only a better way for employees to work, but also an environment-friendly contribution. By reducing the frequency of going to the office, we are at the same time reducing our carbon footprint to support the environment. The flexible working choice has provided us more room to balance our domestic life and working life. And if we consider telecommuting work in a bigger picture, it even makes more sense for disabled people. Excerpt 2 Long Distance Does Separate Colleagues While telecommuting has brought so many conveniences to employees, it has also caused many problems at work. As we know, face-to- face interactions increase personal contact and trust. But telecommuting cannot provide the chance of daily interaction with colleagues, which will directly bring estrangement or even misunderstandings. According to a survey in 2012, more than 50% of people among the telecommuting team thought they were deficient in social interactions and professional interactions. Despite interpersonal relationships and professional communications, the relationship between telecommuter and telecommuter-supervisor is also not optimistic. Potential problems like losing control of the employees and the amount of working efficiencies are substantial in telecommuting. That is to say, the job quality is greatly decided by the willpower and self-restraint of the employees. Corporate culture as the walking stick for the further development of a company is also facing more challenge with the new working way. Ultimately, all the emotional problems that a telecommuting worker may encounter in their working process will hinder their effort in work. The limited skills for work and the lack of teamwork may whittle down their inner motivation towards their work. 审题⽴意本作⽂题⽬属于观点选择型，需要考⽣在阅读题⽬给出的两种关 于远程办公的观点的基础上，总结远程办公这种新型的办公⽅式的利 弊，并结合⽬前⼯作的需求与特点，提出⾃⼰关于远程办公的看法， 可结合企业发展与个⼈的需求来谈。 写作框架 归纳材料中给出的两种关于远程办公的观点，总结远程办公的 利弊，并表明⾃⼰的观点。 结合远程办公的利弊，根据⾃⼰的视⾓，表达⾃⼰关于远程办 公的使⽤以及发展的看法。 总结观点：应该结合传统的办公⽅式和远程办公⽅式。 精彩范⽂ New Working Style Brings Better Life Nowadays, telecommuting has gained great popularity among employees. The new working way has forced the advent of a new working style. Apart from saving time and promoting working efficiency, telecommuting also gives a balance to the strained relation between an employee's domestic life and career life. Saving a trip to office, employees could reduce their carbon footprint which is good for the environment. But the trendy working style has heard some groans and hisses. Being accused of lacking chances for colleague interactions, telecommuting is impotent in establishing corporate culture. And I assume a thorough assessment is needed before generalizing telecommuting. (Viewpoint) First, telecommuting is definitely an ideal choice for specific social groups. (Topic sentence) For instance, as for pregnant women, the disabled and someone who lives in a remote area with thorny traffic difficulties, they can still be the eminent employees in their companies with telecommuting. Also, the versatility of telecommuting improves a company's service capacity as well as expands its service scope. All these pros of telecommuting would bring our society great convenience.However, the cons of telecommuting should not be ignored. (Topic sentence) Lacking the interaction, the teamwork spirit cannot be strengthened. Under such circumstances, the company activities and regular meetings are necessary. By decreasing the occurrence of aloofness, the regular group activity has undeniable advantages in the bonding between colleagues. Also, the sense of belonging which can be largely obtained through frequent contacts with other members of the company is greatly affiliated with the telecommuting employees' working motivations. Finally, the adoption of telecommuting should be discreet. (Conclusion) Considering the job prospects, skills requirements and personality is the most fundamental part in making the decision. Mostly, we'd better take telecommuting as a second string to our bow. 主题词汇 受到极⼤欢迎 gain great popularity 除了 apart from 家庭⽣活 domestic life ⼆氧化碳排放量 carbon footprint ⽆能的 impotent adj. 多功能性 versatility n. 冷漠；⾼傲；超然离群 aloofness n. 不可否认的，⽆可争辩的 undeniable adj. 形成的密切关系的过程 bonding n. 与 有关系 be affiliated with …… 谨慎的 discreet adj. 备选的⽅案 a second string to our bow 亮点句式Apart from saving time and promoting working efficiency, telecommuting also gives a balance to the strained relation between an employee's domestic life and career life. 【译⽂】 除了节省时间和提⾼⼯作效率，远程办公也平衡了职员 的家庭⽣活和⼯作之间的紧张关系。 【分析】 在这个句⼦中， 是整个句⼦的主语，拥有 telecommuting 前后所说的两个优点。该句式适⽤于阐述某事物的多种特性，即 apart 。 from..., ...also...Essay 029 关于实习 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about internships, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards internships, especially your opinion on its necessity for college students. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 A Necessary Warming-Up For college students, an internship is the final task of the campus life and it is the last thing that students do in their studies. As an early attempt of the students' professions, an internship is a great chance for college students to practice what they have acquired during their college years. Different from the theoretical learning of knowledge in college, internships can help students to determine whether they are truly suitable for a certain field or not. The change of scenery from schools to workplace, like companies, is the most evident characteristic of an internship. It helps students improve the ability to communicate with different people as well as learn about social etiquette naturally. All the working experience they have cumulatedfrom an internship and the working trainings they receive from a company is helping themselves prepare for their future career. For most college graduates, an internship is an opportunity to build a network of acquaintance in the field which they are going to start their career in. The internship experience also enriches their resume. For the lucky few, the company they choose to have an internship may become the place where their career begins. Excerpt 2 An Internship Isn't Welcomed by Everyone An internship is a compulsory section for college students before their graduation. Usually, the internship refers to students spending a few months doing a job in companies, schools or many other working places. Finally, students need to hand in the internship certificate to the college. An internship as the drills for the future employment is a job-oriented practice. While an internship is always considered as a good practice, many students are not interested in internships. Part of these students are aiming to get a post-graduate degree and further study their major. Thus working experience is not attractive for these students and they find the request of internship certificate a burden. There is also a bulk of college young people who consider an internship is not flawless. The wage during an internship is usually meager for a college student, and even some students get no salary sometimes in order to work in their internship companies. Recently, many college students are buying the internship certificates from online shops to avoid doing the internship. The dishonesty of these young people has evoked not only the criticism but also the curiosity of reasons behind. Maybe it's time for not only the students, but also the universities and the internship places to make responses. 审题⽴意 实习是⼤学⽣毕业之前的必经阶段。学⽣们到不同的单位去⼯ 作，实践⾃⼰在⼤学期间所学到的技能与知识。实习是学⽣实现⾝份转化的过渡阶段，是⼀个学⽣提前适应社会和积累经验的过程。实习 的初衷是积极的，不过现在出现了⼤学⽣购买假的实习证明来逃避实 习的现象。这样的情况⼀⽅⾯是学⽣不诚信的表现，但是另⼀⽅⾯， 这种现象也引起⼈们的好奇 学⽣对于实习的态度为什么不如我们 —— 所想的那样乐观。考⽣结合⾃⼰的感悟，发表⾃⼰对实习的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点：⼀⽅⾯是实习的积极作⽤；另⼀ ⽅⾯是部分学⽣不想实习的原因。 发表⾃⼰的观点。实习是⼤学阶段最后的任务，是使我们顺利 ⾛出校园的过渡阶段，⼤学⽣应该实习。 总结观点。实习中遇到的问题很可能就是以后实际就业中会出 现的问题。我们作为社会的成员，早⼀些从实习中积累经验有利⽆ 害。 精彩范⽂ At the Completion of Your Graduation An Internship as the necessary experience for college students to adapt to the social life is an essential part in college. For young adults who are about to go out of the campus, a rehearsal of the future career life and a chance to pre-empt the later problems are definitely valuable. Yet as practical as an internship, it is still doubted. Despite the people who totally go for an internship and consider it as a feasible way to prepare themselves for the forthcoming social life, there are a bevy of students who are not intrigued by an internship, for they do not see the internship as a valuable one. In my opinion, an internship is necessary. But it should be supported in a way that does not curb students' will. (Viewpoint) On the one hand, an internship is an opportunity to test our reliability in real work. (Topic sentence) For students who have long been living in school, they lack the practical experience and a clear knowing oftheir abilities. To have an internship before they really devote to a job is helpful for them to figure out what's harmonious with their aptitude. As we all know, someone who has rich knowledge but no ability to practice can still be an imbecile in work. On the other hand, the internship arrangement should include students' opinion firstly. (Topic sentence) With a lot of students getting the internship certificate after working hard, some students also hand in the internship certificate to school without any internship experience. The authenticity problem of the internship certificate is concerning, for we not only see the dishonesty of our students, but also their aversion to the internship. Thus, the universities should know about the students' thought and give them necessary internship instructions so that they can see the advantages of the internship. Also, the rights of students must be assured during their internship. To sum up, what follows the word “internship” should not be a question mark, but an exclamation mark. (Conclusion) And we college students should hold a positive attitude towards it. 主题词汇 在 结束之际 at the completion of …… 抢占先机 pre-empt vi. 可⾏的 feasible adj. 即将来临的 forthcoming adj. 控制；勒住 curb vt. 可靠性 reliability n. 天资 aptitude n. 低能的 imbecile adj. 真实性 authenticity n. 亮点句式For young adults who are about to go out of the campus, a rehearsal of the future career life and a chance to pre-empt the later problems are definitely valuable. 【译⽂】 对于即将⾛出校园的年轻⼈来说，实习作为未来职业⽣ 涯的演练和对⽇后问题的预知⽆疑是弥⾜珍贵的。 【分析】 这句话不仅可以⽤于实习话题的作⽂之中，对于⼤部分 与⼤学⽣就业相关的话题，它都是适⽤的，考⽣可以灵活运⽤。Essay 030 我对延迟就业的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on employment, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the pros and cons of delaying employment. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Wait for the Right Time Nowadays, many university graduates choose not to work directly after college. Instead, they delay their employment. According to a survey released by an online recruiter, about 9.8 percent of the 93,420 graduates who participated in a written survey said they would not begin working right after graduation. The data turned the traditional impression on its head that college students were eager to devote themselves into working after graduation. And as many college students have agreed, the difficulty in job hunting is the fuel to the postponing of working after graduation. According to the statistics provided by the Ministry of Education, there are about 7.95 million new university graduates in 2017, which is a record breaker. Withso many competitors, the graduates are probably delaying their career life unwillingly. While many graduates are facing fierce competition, a bulk of these young people are trying to solve the employment problem by improving themselves. Getting a post-graduate degree is an ideal choice for many college students. They believe the tensions in job hunting can be relieved after they have obtained more professional knowledge. Also, they can enjoy more campus time which is valuable. Excerpt 2 Experience Is the Best Teacher Although many people admit that delaying employment is not the worst idea after graduation, they encourage the youngsters to work after college, because only by experiencing the real career life, can one grow up to be a person who is adaptable in working places. Students have been seen as representatives of book worms by many people for a long time. We learn almost everything from our books. However, we are not equally good at putting them into practice. But considering that we are the ones who are responsible for our life and eventually we are going to earn our living with our knowledge and ability, the lack of practical capacities is not great news. Rejecting working challenges after graduation is just parrying the problems which we need to address sooner or later. Every year, there are millions of graduates leaving their alma mater. For a college graduate, the best time to start working is right after graduation. For many people, the longer you delay your employment, the harder it is to find a job. More and more college graduates are becoming your competitors. And their knowledge is relatively newer than yours, for their knowledge structure is updated based on yours. 审题⽴意本作⽂的话题为⼤学⽣是否应该延迟就业。对于许多应届⼤学毕 业⽣来说，就业的竞争⼗分激烈。在⼤多数情况下，竞争的激烈程度 远远超过了很多学⽣的想象。由此，很多学⽣选择延迟⾃⼰的职业⽣ 涯开始的时间，在毕业之后，以读研究⽣以及⾃我学习的⽅式先提升 ⾃我，然后再⼯作。但是这种做法也遭到质疑，很多⼈认为实践才能 出真知。学⽣延迟就业只是在逃避迟早都要⾯对的问题，毕业之后应 该⽴即投⼊到⼯作中去。对于这个话题，考⽣根据⾃⼰的倾向进⾏阐 述，⾔之有理即可。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点。⼀⽅⾯，延迟就业去提升⾃我能 够减⼩就业压⼒；另⼀⽅⾯，早些就业能增加个⼈阅历和⼯作经验。 发表⾃⼰的观点。两则材料中持有的观点皆有其可取之处。考 ⽣可以任选其⼀。 总结观点。⽆论是采取两种⽅式中的哪⼀种，考⽣都应该持有 积极的就业态度。也就是说，即便延迟就业，其理由也应该是为了更 好的就业选择，⽽⾮出于对就业的逃避。 精彩范⽂ Make Sure You Are Ready Nowadays, many fresh graduates choose to delay their employment. Since college students are going to be the mainstay in society after their study life, their employment has triggered hot discussion. People who support the delaying of working propose that it's necessary for college graduates to acquire more knowledge so that they can have less job hunting pressure; yet people who advocate that college students should get a job after graduation claim we all learn from experience. And in my opinion, the above two pieces of advice both make sense. But if a graduate feelslike he or she is not ready, the delaying of employment can be a good choice. (Viewpoint) Firstly, starting a career is an important juncture in a man's life. Thus a cautious preparation is requisite. (Topic sentence) If the youngsters think they are not qualified enough to exploit their talents on the social stage, then a reluctant employment is a prison which is hard to wiggle out and also cannot enliven them. Rather, the graduates should have a thorough consideration before they begin to work. What's more, a further study after college would be a wise move to enhance our professional knowledge. (Topic sentence) And with an outstanding professional capacity, we can vindicate our rights of choosing the job related to our personal interest and avoid intense competition in finding a job. And the truth is that postgraduates can have a relatively higher starting point than the college graduates do. Whether there are flowers or thorns on our way to a happy life, we never lose the faith of keeping the flag flying. One thing that the graduates should be aware of is that the delaying of employment can be a reason to prepare for better options but never the excuse of shunning the difficulties in working. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 中流砥柱 mainstay n. 节⾻眼，重要时刻 juncture n. 发掘 exploit vt. 挣脱，摆脱 wiggle out 使活泼，使有⽣⽓ enliven vt. 提⾼；加强 enhance vt. 维护⾃⼰的权利 vindicate one's rights 坚持战⽃ keep the flag flying 逃避 shun vt.亮点句式 Whether there are flowers or thorns on our way to a happy life, we never lose the faith of keeping the flag flying. 【译⽂】 ⽆论通往幸福⼈⽣的路上是荆棘密布还是花团锦簇，我 们都不会放弃坚持⾃我的信念。 【分析】 该句运⽤⽐喻的修辞⼿法，⽤以表达信念与决⼼。写作 ⽂时恰当地使⽤修辞⼿法可以使⽂章具有⽂采，增加亮点。Essay 031 关于延迟退休 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about retirement, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the policy to delay retirement, especially on how to make the policy benefit the majority of our society. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Later Retirement, Bigger Contribution China's mandatory retirement policy enacted in 1978 regulated: men retire at 60, while women retire at 55 if they are public servants or 50 if they are blue-collar workers. But now, some people say it's time to postpone the present retirement because things are different. According to the WHO (World Health Organization) data published in 2015, the life expectancy in China is: Male 74.6, female 77.6, which is much longer than that in 1978 when the male was 66.9 and the female was 69. So it's reasonable to say that people should postpone their retirement age, for they are enjoying a longer life. Except for the rising average life expectancy, workers are more experienced in their 50s and 60s after decades of work. Meanwhile, the datashows that every two taxpayers would have to pay the social security expenses of one retired person by 2035. So the postponement of retirement is also a good way for the government to deal with the population aging as well as the tension in pension funds. What's more, facing higher working demand, more and more students prefer to pursue a higher degree before their careers begin, which means they'll start their career at the age of about 30 and be forced to retire after only 30 years for a man or 25 years if she's a woman. Excerpt 2 Early Retirement, Better Life The retirement age has always been a controversial issue in our society, for it's complicated to consider the needs, situations and the employment of different social groups. While many people find the resonance in the proposal of extending the retirement age, there are opinions in stark contrast. Many laborers and non-government employees are less intrigued by the prospect of working longer. They are tired of the tough and repetitive work and are looking forward to enjoying a leisure life after retirement. Besides, they are not as energetic as they once were. They have to face many health problems as they age. On the other hand, university graduates also fear that any rise in the retirement age could bring limit in their employment opportunities. With the postponement of retirement, the graduates are likely to face higher employment pressure in the future. As many people pointed out, later retirement means we need to put society under the operation of most middle- aged people. There's no doubt in everyone's mind that they are more experienced, but we also know that the prime creative and innovative period is in one's 20s and 30s. 审题⽴意 本作⽂题⽬属于观点选择型，需要考⽣在阅读题⽬给出的两则关 于延迟退休的材料的基础上，根据⾃⼰的观点倾向就 延迟退休 发表 “ ”看法。题⽬中提到的两种观点涵盖了延迟退休的⽀持与反对的不同理 由，考⽣应先简要总结关于 延迟退休 的利弊，然后发表⾃⼰的看 “ ” 法，重点在于协调⼀种合理的退休政策，有利于社会的发展进步。 写作框架 简要总结材料中给出的两种观点，结合材料说明延迟退休的利 与弊。 表明⾃⼰的观点，在 延迟退休 的这个问题上，个⼈观点应该 “ ” 是辩证的，因为 延迟退休 基本上涉及社会的⼤部分成员，可以从社 “ ” 会与个⼈两个⾓度去阐述⾃⼰的看法。 总结⾃⼰的观点，指出良好的退休政策应该是结合个⼈与社会 的需要制定的。 精彩范⽂ There's No One-Size-Fits-All Retirement Age People in our society are holding different ideas on the hot topic about whether to extend the retirement age or not. Some people have proposed that we need to postpone retirement because of the rising average life expectancy. On the flip side, people who are against the later retirement claim they are exhausted after decades of hard work. Meanwhile, the concerns about graduates' employment pressure and the deficiency of creation and innovation in our society have begun to show. As far as I am concerned, the one-size-fits-all policy is not scientific enough to keep pace with social development. Based on the current retirement situation, a flexible system is required. (Viewpoint) Different methods should be adopted for different people. (Topic sentence) The employees could negotiate with the company to discuss whether to retire or continue working when the retirement age comes. Moreover, the characteristics of the job should be considered. In thetechnique-oriented field, the later retirement may be better. But people who do heavy physical work should definitely be given the right to retire early. In making the decision about when someone should retire, personal ability and willingness should also be taken into account. (Topic sentence) An extension of working life means a bigger contribution to society while an earlier retirement can also bring a leisure life. In all, the retirement age should take both the personal ability and willingness into account. The retirement issue has caused widespread public debate because it is associated with nearly all the social members. As we were often told, happiness is always the rebound from hard work. However, now, we should put the sentence as: Happiness is always the rebound of your wise choice. And a flexible retirement plan is needed in our society to ensure people's welfare. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 对某事持有不同观点 hold different ideas on 把某事向后推 push back 推迟，延期 postpone vt. 平均预期寿命 average life expectancy 反过来 on the flip side 并驾⻬驱，保持同步 keep pace with 考虑到 take... into account …… 延⻓，延期 extension n. ⼴泛的公开讨论 widespread public debate 亮点句式 As we were often told, happiness is always the rebound from hard work.【译⽂】 我们时常听说，幸福总是努⼒⼯作的结果。 【分析】 意为 经常有⼈告诉我们，我们时常 as we were often told “ 听说 ，类似的表达还有 （众所周知） ” as we all know , as is known to all （众所周知），常⽤来引出某个观点； happiness is always the rebound 是⼀种形象的说法， 本义为 弹回，反弹 ，⽤在 from hard work rebound “ ” 此处表⽰ 造成的结果、后果 。 “ ”Essay 032 ⼤学⽣兼职 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on college students' part- time jobs, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the necessity or the insignificance of doing a part-time job. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Practice Is the Best Teacher Although many students consider it's valid to take college years for studying, they don't take it as the whole picture. For many college students, a clear picture of the future life has been sketched in their college period. Besides study, these young people are yearning for the life outside the textbook. Thus many of them take part-time jobs in their spare time. Among many reasons for taking a part-time job, financial issues are the most pressing one. Some students try to reduce the pressure of their family by doing part-time jobs. With the salary of part-time jobs, many college students have realized the goal of financial independence. Yet a part-time job is also an opportunity to gain experience in the chosen field. In the process, college students have the chance to putknowledge into practice to strengthen their skills and abilities. The lucky ones also get to meet new people who will become their good friends later. For many college students, the following procedure of college is their occupational life. Therefore, a part-time job in college is a good way for them to adapt to the working life and prepare for their future. Excerpt 2 Make Your Major a Priority The skills and knowledge they acquire in college lay a solid foundation for these young people to realize the expectations towards life. And college students should concentrate on their knowledge acquisition to be a good one in a certain field. As we all know, concentration brings the best out of a person. In the limited years of college, students should make use of their time to study. A long vision towards future development is important. Compared with earning money, the improvement in major is more significant to secure a happy life. Also, universities provide generous bursaries for students so that they can protect students from being forced into jobs which would compromise their time in studying and discount their academic achievement. Besides, the main types of college students' part-time jobs are not relevant to their majors. And even though the job is major-related, these college students are not in the front line of the field because of their relatively incomplete knowledge system. There is no doubt that we can always learn something by doing a kind of part-time job. The point is that college time is limited and the result can be totally different between a hundred percent of focusing and partial devotion to the major learning. 审题⽴意 ⼤学⽣在校期间做兼职的现象很普遍。学⽣们在⾃⼰的课余时间 做⼀些兼职，不仅使得他们⾃⼰得到了锻炼，也可以为家庭减轻经济 压⼒。同时，⼤学⽣做兼职也可以提前为以后的⼯作打下基础，更早地适应⼯作模式。但是针对这样的现象，很多⼈认为学⽣们在⼤学期 间应该把精⼒投⼊到学习之上。⼤学的时光⼗分有限，只有全⾝⼼地 投⼊专业学习，学⽣们才有可能在⾃⼰的专业领域有所建树，⽇后专 业知识才能成为安⾝⽴命的资本。且不说做兼职会耗费他们⼤量时间 与精⼒，⽽且⼤学⽣所做的兼职⼯作很⼤⼀部分都与⾃⼰的专业知识 ⽆关，这并不是能够提⾼他们专业⽔准的锻炼。 写作框架 总结材料中的两种观点，即⼤学⽣做兼职的利弊之争。 发表⾃⼰的观点：⼤学⽣还是应该以学习为主，但并不是要否 定兼职的意义，⼤学⽣若是想做兼职，应该选择与学习相辅相成的兼 职岗位；另⼀⽅⾯学⽣可以选择在假期做兼职，不耽误学习。 总结观点。⼤学⽣的校园⽣活应该是丰富多彩的。但从⻓远来 看，每⼀位⼤学⽣都应该在专业上尽⾃⼰最⼤的努⼒，以专业学习为 主，以兼职为辅，以便在⽇后的就业竞争中脱颖⽽出。 精彩范⽂ Be a Student Firstly Nowadays, the attitudes toward college students doing a part-time job vary from person to person. The tumultuous applause for part-time jobs is from the discussion on what we should acquire in college. Some view that a part-time job would not impact college students. They believe a proper part- time job provides students with more experiences and practical skills which are necessary in their future career, while others argue that the college time is limited and a complete dedication to study is required for the mastery of an excellent professional skill. Personally speaking, I think it's necessary for college students to do some part-time jobs, but they need to focus more on study. (Viewpoint) Firstly, doing a part-time job is one of the best ways that teaches us the tact in solving working problems. (Topic sentence) It isabundantly attested by the job hunting experiences that skills and abilities will never be burdens for us. By taking a part-time job, we get acquainted with new people, new skills and new inspirations. With these experiences, we have more advantages when finding an enviable job after graduation. While on the other hand, a proper part-time job does not necessarily compel our life in a clutter, but it usually ensnares us in the struggle between spending time on studying and working. (Topic sentence) The improvement in our major is needed in college. Therefore, a preference for study or work must be thought thoroughly. Maybe the ideal time of the part-time job is on holidays but not within the semester. Besides, if there is a conflict between the study and the part-time job, we will definitely sacrifice the job time. Doing part-time jobs is surely beneficial to students. However, only by focusing on study more can we be capable of doing work well in a certain area in the future. (Conclusion) College life is an amazing period that turns a youngster into a real citizen. What we get from college shall be the deciding element in what we can do for our society. And we need outstanding professional skills to contribute more to our society. 主题词汇 嘈杂的；喧闹的 tumultuous adj. 献⾝；尽⼼ dedication n. 机智；⽼练 tact n. 被 充分证明 be abundantly attested by …… 与 熟悉 be acquainted with …… 令⼈羡慕的 enviable adj. 强迫 compel vt. 乱七⼋糟的 in a clutter 诱⼊陷阱 ensnare vt.亮点句式 It is abundantly attested by the job hunting experiences that skills and abilities will never be burdens for us. 【译⽂】 ⼈们求职的经历充分证明了 技多不压⾝ 。 “ ” 【分析】 意为 被充分证明过， It is abundantly attested that... “…… 是有着经验基础的 ；后⾯的 ” skills and abilities will never be burdens for 指的是技能和能⼒永远不会成为我们的累赘，即 技多不压⾝ 。 us “ ”Essay 033 关于跳槽 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about job hopping, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards job hopping, especially your opinion on whether it should be encouraged. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Keep Changing, Keep Growing The word “career” encompasses the beautiful expectations towards the future job and also the constant effort of being a better person who's capable of doing bigger things. Starting a career is always exciting for the young people who are full of ambitions and energy. And clever as they are, they never stop seeking a better growing platform. The job hopping phenomenon is commonly seen nowadays. The changing of jobs provides the new drive and new experience for working people. The possibility of changing jobs is beneficial for the young people who are eager to see more and learn more. Job hopping makes them get in touch with more people and more businesses models which are valuable enough to change their career plan. Also, the different job attemptsprovide the direct job experiences which would help them to find out the most suitable work. What's more, a bigger stage is necessary for people who have outgrown his current position. If a certain job was no longer able to provide nutrition for us, then we know it's time to go. Or if we cannot appreciate the meaning of a certain job and are unable to have a sense of achievement in the current job, job hopping is definitely the optimal option. Excerpt 2 Persistence Makes Expertise Though job hopping has been the choice of many young people, the criticism on it is no less than the supporting voices. After all, we can only be successful and skillful in a certain field through a long time dedication. However, job hopping could strangle the possible achievement. Frequent job hopping brings trust issues on someone's integrity and loyalty. Changeability in a job can be both positive and negative. To change is to be unsteady. And this is definitely not one of the attractive aspects in our resume. Starting a career is like getting married as devotions and commitments are the points to keep it longer. For individuals, taking the thoughts of job hopping in mind is likely to compromise the courage and effort for the current one. Many people choose job hopping because they are encountering obstacles in the present job. Without considering the methods to solve problems, these young people surrender to difficulties by changing their job. Yet these problems would still haunt them in the new job. Therefore, job hopping is never a backup plan for those who are incapable of the current job. 审题⽴意 跳槽 已经成为职场上的常⻅现象。对上班族来说，当现有⼯作 “ ” 失去其吸引⼒的时候，他们多半会选择寻找⼀份新的⼯作，以求在⼯ 作环境或收⼊等⽅⾯发⽣改变。⼯作上变动的可能性给了⼈们⾃主选 择职业以及规划职业前景的权利。然⽽， 跳槽 现象也时常引起争 “ ”议。这些争议多半是由 跳槽 的动机引发的。有些⼈换⼯作是为了寻 “ ” 求更⼴阔的发展空间；⽽有些⼈找新⼯作则是因为在⽬前的⼯作中受 阻，知难⽽退。两种不同的⼼态⾃然会带来截然不同的结果，由此⼈ 们对 跳槽 现象褒贬不⼀。考⽣如何看待 跳槽 呢？结合材料，发表 “ ” “ ” ⾃⼰的观点。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯， 跳槽 为我们的职业 “ ” 发展提供了更多的机会。另⼀⽅⾯，频繁 跳槽 显⽰了个⼈的不稳定 “ ” 性，是个⼈在⼯作中取得成就的阻碍。 发表⾃⼰的观点。 跳槽 应该是为了追寻更⼴阔的发展平台， “ ” ⽽不应成为躲避当前⼯作中困难的借⼝。 总结观点。个⼈在⼯作过程中要有攻坚克难的精神，不断积累 经验与能⼒，适时⽽变才能更好地发展。 精彩范⽂ A Congenial Job Comes from Time Nowadays, the job hopping phenomenon is prevalent, especially among the young workers who have just started their career. Yet there are growing doubts about the job hopping phenomena. Some view job hopping as a chance to change since it helps them have new working experiences and also improve themselves. Others propose that job hopping is actually an infamous excuse to escape from the current job. Many quit their current jobs to find the ideal job. As far as I'm concerned, job hopping would benefit us most when it's a qualitative change based on the quantitative accumulation in one's career. (Viewpoint) To consider job hopping at the incipient period of a career is not a wise move. It's usually hard for young people to distinguish between what they like and what they are good at. (Topic sentence) It'll cost a lot if they learn about the truth that the perfect job only exists in theimagination after the constant job changing experience. Therefore, we need to contend for the present job we have and see what happens. And only in this way can we find out what we are capable of. Yet job hopping is definitely necessary under some certain situations where some sorts of jobs are beyond our physical ability. Meanwhile, we are not opposed to changing jobs. (Topic sentence) Once we've mastered the skills for our current job, we get to predict what's important and new in an industry. After dedication and devotion to a certain job, we acquire better skills and abilities. Then it's time to change. We pursue broader development space by job hopping. In all, job hopping is a good chance for us to choose a new job. For individuals, it should be a key to opening a new world but not the excuse to cover up the deficiencies in work. (Conclusion) Before the job hopping, we should try to devote ourselves to our work for some time and we may get a totally different thought towards the present job. 主题词汇 称⼼如意的⼯作 a congenial job 不光彩的 infamous adj. 初期阶段 incipient period 奋⽃ contend for 亮点句式 To consider job hopping at the incipient period of a career is not a wise move. 【译⽂】 在⼯作初期考虑跳槽不是明智之举。 【分析】 该句中 意为 在 to consider sth. at the incipient period of sth. “ 某事开始之初去考虑某事 ，这个句式很实⽤，⼜如： ” To consider the result at the incipient period of our life is to compromise the beauty of the（在⼈⽣刚刚起步的时候就考虑结果未免煞⻛景。）另外 path. a wise 可以⽤来表⽰ 明智之举 。 move “ ”Essay 034 点⼦ 执⾏⼒ vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about ideas and execution abilities, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the ideas in our head and the execution abilities in our hands, especially your opinion on which one is more important. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Inexhaustible Source of Creativity As the main activities of our brain, ideas are the recognition we hold towards the world. The availability of ideas is the motivation of the social progress and revolutions. Showing the wit of human beings, ideas are the very first seed in our mind of depicting a better world. They are the insightful pioneers in our life who are brave enough to challenge the traditions and ready to make breakthroughs at any moment. Even in the least idealism sense, our ideas are the primary causes of our life status. Since ideas are the original assumptions on a problem, the shift of view or a second thought can change the hypothesis and eliminate problems completely. When giving an overview on the science world, weshall find out that every big step in the process is the realization of a brilliant idea and even those seemingly impossible ideas could turn out to be the treasures for future generations. Social development is driven by the unyielding ideas in great minds. Through the thinking of streamlining things and simplifying human labor, our civilizations and industries have made huge progress. Nowadays we are living in a world in which creativity and ideas rest upon each other. Excerpt 2 Actions Speak Louder Surely ideas are significantly active in human civilizations and the quality of constantly bringing up new ideas to the world is predominant. However, once the problem is crystal clear, we have to transfer our attention to the solution part which is actually decided by our execution ability. This means you have to make sure that you are leading your ideas in a right direction. Only by applying ideas can we know about the reliability and feasibility of them. What's more, the refinement of an idea comes from the feedback from the result. In the process, we gradually learn about the deficiencies of our ideas and come up with better plans. Ideas solely are not power. An idea that can be executed well is the fountainhead of power. Without practice as the performer, a pretty good idea can be worthless. Essentially, an idea itself has nothing different from a reverie. Everyone can have numerous new ideas every day. Yet in real life, only the practical and realistic ones have amazed the world. An idea may become the starting point, but the lack of execution could abolish your whole plan from the very beginning. 审题⽴意 社会的进步与发展离不开创新与创造⼒。⽽这⼀切的源头都在于 我们⼤脑中的想法。本着对世界的好奇，我们开始质疑，开始思考， 在这个过程中产⽣许许多多新的想法与⻅解，⽽这些想法就成了我们建设美好社会的起始。承认这些精妙的想法固然重要，但很多⼈认 为，相⽐于新奇的想法，执⾏⼒更加重要。因为只有通过实践，我们 脑中的设想才能真正地实现其价值，出⾊的执⾏能⼒是⼀切事业的必 备品质。关于该论点考⽣应结合⾃⼰的⽣活体会，发表对⼆者之间关 系的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给的两个观点。⼀⽅⾯，那些绝妙的新想法、新主 意是创造⼒的源泉；另⼀⽅⾯，如果没有执⾏能⼒，那么⼀切都是空 谈。 发表⾃⼰的观点。作者认为，⼆者同等重要，不过，好想法易 得，让其开花结果则不易。 总结观点。我们提倡⾃由思考，但不提倡纸上谈兵；我们提倡 勇敢作为，但不提倡匹夫之勇。在实践中不断产⽣新思路才是我们进 步的正确⽅式。 精彩范⽂ Dare to Think, Able to Do The voices on the ranking of the ideas and the execution abilities are different. While some people consider that all the junctures in our history are the fruits of the fantastic ideas, others assume that the fruits spring out of our execution abilities. In my opinion, the social progress and the personal development are all the comprehensive result of both brilliant ideas and excellent execution. (Viewpoint) Although ideas are the relatively immature model of a great plan, their importance can never be neglected. (Topic sentence) Ideas play the dominant role in our life. Without the ability of creative thinking and critical thinking, we are like machines. They perform the labor we are incapable of, but they are still controlled to serve our life. Besides, ideas arealways the fountainhead of creativity. We owe credit to the great thoughts which have constantly updated the world with new inventions. No one can deny the value of great conceptions, but we cannot glut ourselves with thinking but show tepid interest in doing. (Topic sentence) A great idea is important, but as we see that it is not the only thing that matters. As we always hear, practice is the sole criterion for testing truth. Only by enhancing our execution ability can we achieve goals. The world we live in is not the Wonderland where Alice has adventured. As real as our world, no great cause can be finished by imaginations only. Great ideas and wonderful execution abilities are actually closely intertwined with each other. (Conclusion) To give fresh blood to our society, we need ideas which are practical enough to endure the test of applying. To make breakthroughs, we need to act on these ideas logically after a thorough plan. And always remember that practice and thinking are giving impetus to each other. 主题词汇 连接点；节⾻眼 juncture n. 涌现出 spring out 忽视，忽略 neglect vt. 本源 fountainhead n. 使 充斥着 glut... with... …… …… 不太浓厚的兴趣 tepid interest 实践是检验真理的唯⼀ practice is the sole criterion for testing truth 标准 纠缠；缠绕 intertwine vi. 促进 give impetus to... …… 亮点句式No one can deny the value of great conceptions, but we cannot glut ourselves with thinking but show tepid interest in doing. 【译⽂】 没有⼈能够否认伟⼤设想的价值，但是我们不能做思想 上的巨⼈，⾏动上的矮⼦。 【分析】 句中⽤ 过度思考 与 在⾏动⽅⾯不热情 作对⽐，表⽰ “ ” “ ” 我们不能只思考，不⾏动。Essay 035 我对⼤学⽣创业的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on college students starting an enterprise, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards whether college students should attempt to start a business while they are still in school. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Entrepreneurship in College The new generation has witnessed the hardship for many of the last generations to make the ends meet due to limited salary. Refusing to follow the footprint of their parents, some college students are trying to be the master of not only their knowledge but also their career life. The idea that students acquire skills in college so that they can get satisfying employment after graduation seems obsolete to some extent nowadays. For those young people who would like to start their business in college, men like Mark Zuckerberg have set models. The brilliant young man successfully launched Facebook which is a popular network worldwide now. And that has put him on the list of the success. Inspired by numeroussuccessful cases like this, students are more confident in trying innovative subjects in college. According to the newly-amended regulation by Ministry of Education, college students can also apply for gap years which refer to leaving school for several semesters if they want to start their own business. And when they are ready to return to studies, they have the right to change their majors. The regulation aims to encourage college students to start a business. Considering college students are facing severe competition in job hunting, this regulation is definitely a pressure reducer. Excerpt 2 The Lack of Capital Although a startup in college is supported, hesitations still remain among many college students. According to a report by a human resources website, only 3.1 percent of students are willing to start their business after graduation in 2016 which is lower than 6.3 percent in 2015. And the reason can be the high opportunity cost in startups. Lacking experience, college students have a very limited sense in what they are trying to do. To start a business means investing a relatively large number of capitals, for a successful startup is a system of money, human resources, marketing strategies and management etc. And this capital is the fruit of practical accumulation that we cannot expect a fresh graduate to acquire, not to mention the students in college. Also, many people consider the startups in college as putting the cart before a horse. It is disordering to students' lives. College students should have spent their time on knowledge acquisition so that they can be well- prepared for their future life while the immature ideas of startups can be time-consuming and risky. And the ultimate confirmatory factor of running a business is the economic benefit which is different from the tenets of college life. 审题⽴意本作⽂的题⽬是⼤学⽣是否应该尝试创业。现代社会，很多⼤学 ⽣开始尝试创业项⽬，在国家和学校政策的帮助下，很多⼈实现了⾃ ⼰的创业梦想。同时，像脸书创始⼈扎克伯格这样的成功案例也激励 着许多⼤学⽣。但是另⼀⽅⾯，尽管创业的举动得到多⽅的⽀持，对 ⼤学⽣，尤其是在校⼤学⽣来讲，各⽅⾯的资本缺乏是⼀个很⼤的问 题，缺少经验，缺少资源，很多时候甚⾄不能坚定⾃⼰的⽅向。⽽ 且，创业所花费的⼤量时间与精⼒本应该⽤来加强专业知识，提⾼⾃ 我，所以这样⼀来，许多学⽣产⽣了本末倒置的感觉。 写作框架 总结两则材料的两种观点，即关于⼤学⽣创业的有利⽅⾯和不 利⽅⾯。 发表⾃⼰的观点。肯定⼤学⽣创业的积极意义，指出⼤学⽣应 该勇于尝试。⽬前⾯对严峻的就业形势，部分⼤学⽣选择⾃主创业， 既能积累经验⼜能为社会减轻就业压⼒；另⼀⽅⾯，学校⽅⾯也应该 仔细筛选⼤学⽣的项⽬，开展⼤学⽣创业培训，帮助他们避免失败的 尝试。 总结全⽂，虽然⼤学⽣的创业精神值得⿎励，但是⼤学⽣应平 衡创业和专业课学习，绝对不能厚此薄彼。多多尝试有益⽆害，不过 要尽量考虑周全。 精彩范⽂ Harmonize Goals with Conditions Nowadays, college students starting a business while in school is not uncommon. Besides the study life, these young people have found other ways to flex their muscles. Some people consider the early attempt in school is meaningful since college students should let their innovative ideas boom with the help of policies and organizations. Others hold the opinion that college students are lacking in experience in managing a business andshould not do vain attempts. As far as I am concerned, the startups in college should definitely be supported and mentored. (Viewpoint) Firstly, the competition in job hunting is fierce nowadays. (Topic sentence) A good number of college students are not willing to follow the traditional way of making money by working for others to support a steady life any more. Instead, they are trying to discard the fixed career life and struggle for their own ambitions. If a college student can start a business successfully, then he or she will not only solve their personal employment, but also provide more opportunities for other college students. Secondly, with the development of society, new industries are developing rapidly which are generally dominated by innovative young people. (Topic sentence) With the outstanding innovative abilities, college graduates become the backbone in fields like information technology, new energy, biology, etc. Therefore, their startups in college can be great motivations to these new industries in our society. Last but not least, the advice on the feasibility of these college startups should be given. (Topic sentence) Universities and relevant departments are the buoys that save college students from drowning. Effort and guidance should be given to assist adventurous college students with their startups. In the foreseeable future, starting a business in college will be a trend and one of the most popular occurrences in our society. (Conclusion) The entrepreneurship in college shows the wish of making a difference to both individuals and society. 主题词汇 将 与 相协调 harmonize... with... …… …… 伸展拳脚 flex one's muscles 迅速发展，兴盛 boom v. 徒劳的尝试 vain attempt 指导 mentor vt.抛弃 discard vt. 创业 startup n. 可⾏性 feasibility n. 企业家精神 entrepreneurship n. 亮点句式 Firstly, the competition in job hunting is fierce nowadays. 【译⽂】 ⾸先，现在求职竞争激烈。 【分析】 意为 求职 。就业形势严峻是⽬前⼤学⽣普 job hunting “ ” 遍⾯临的问题，写英语作⽂时，若描述就业问题，可以引⽤这⼀句 ⼦。⽂化现象篇 Essay 036 ⽂化⼊侵还是融合？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on foreign cultures, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards these arguments, especially your thoughts on foreign cultures in China. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Bombarded by Foreign Culture Through the process of globalization, foreign cultures have entered China. Nowadays, one may be considered old-fashioned if he failed to see the latest American shows or has no plans for the coming Christmas. Although we do not admit that the moon in western countries is bigger than ours, too much attention has been paid to foreign cultures. According to the Merriam-Webster's Learner's Dictionary: culture can be defined as the beliefs, customs, art, etc, of a particular society, group,place, or time; or a way of thinking, behaving, or working that exists in a place or an organization (such as a business). Based on our present life situation and the definition of culture, it is fair to say that we Chinese nowadays are surrounded by foreign cultures. With a deeper exploration of foreign culture invasion, we may find foreign cultures are not only changing our lifestyles but also influencing our thinking patterns. With a lot of people celebrating foreign festivals, the predominant position of traditional culture is threatened. The influence is especially evident in young people. The ignorance of traditional Chinese culture and the familiarity with foreign movies and popular elements have made a striking contrast. Excerpt 2 The Mutual Influence Between Different Cultures While so many voices about the foreign culture invasion are heard, there are melodious notes. Nowadays, Chinese culture is playing an important role in other countries, too. Therefore, many people have pointed that the so-called culture invasion is not true. The cultural influence is mutual and it is actually a culture fusion. If we pay attention to different languages, we'll find the lexical borrowing is everywhere. Or, in other words, the process of borrowing words from foreign languages is common. In Korean, nearly 15% of the words are borrowed from English. The Oxford English Dictionary has over 1,000 words of Chinese origin. Also, in August 2013, The Wall Street Journal used the term Dama to describe middle-aged Chinese women. Many experts have pointed Chinese will continue its influence on other languages throughout the 21st century. On May 19, 2017, Chinese Culture & Tourism Festival was held at Nathan Phillips Square in Toronto, Canada. Aiming to promote cultural exchanges between the two countries, the festival has introduced the Chinese folk culture to Canadians. In addition, “Chinese Culture Year” is held in many other countries annually. Encountering other cultures is common for modern people. With the further cooperation in economy and politics, etc, the culture communication will welcome its booming era.审题⽴意 中外⽂化的碰撞经常会引起⼈们的讨论。对于这样的⽂化现象， 众说纷纭，观点不⼀。有⼈认为外国⽂化在中国的⻛⾏是对我们本⼟ ⽂化的冲击，是⼀种⽂化⼊侵现象。⽽另⼀⽅⾯，也有⼈提出，⽂化 间的往来是相互的，并⾮单⽅⾯的⼊侵，如中国⽂化也在外国越来越 流⾏，这是⼀种正常的⽂化融合现象。考⽣应该总结两种观点，提出 ⾃⼰对于这种⽂化现象的看法。 写作框架 总结两则材料的观点，⼀⽅⾯是⽂化⼊侵的观点，另⼀⽅⾯是 ⽂化融合的观点。 发表⾃⼰的观点：在承认两种观点的基础上，提出⾃⼰对不同 ⽂化间的交流的看法，尤其是外国⽂化对于中国⽂化的影响。观点可 以是这种⽂化现象并⾮⽂化⼊侵，⽽是不同⽂化的正常交流与融合。 总结观点：我们应该善于学习其他⽂化的精华，最终的⽬的是 要让我们的⽂化更加强⼤。 精彩范⽂ Live and Let Live With more international cooperation and globalization, cultural communication is more frequent than ever in our history. We are ensnared in the cultures which have traveled overseas to China. So many Chinese young people are obsessed with Christmas, but complain about the boring activities during the Spring Festival. The masterpiece of Byron may be rehearsed over and over again while reciting a few lines of Li Bai is rare. However, despite the influence of the western culture, our culture has also influenced other cultures. Therefore, as far as I am concerned, the communication between cultures is positive by all means. This is a natural fusion rather than a cultural invasion. (Viewpoint)To talk about the influence of a certain culture, we cannot bypass the reasons accounting for its popularity. (Topic sentence) Firstly, it can be the rising strength of a nation. Or in other words, it's the rapid economic development that motivates the cultural prosperity. Against the backdrop of globalization, international activities are essential to a country's development. So the mutual cultural influences are unavoidable. Based on this condition, we should treat the foreign cultures objectively. On the other hand, foreign cultures are not impacting our society in a negative way. (Topic sentence) Compared with the single cultural edifying atmosphere, various cultural environments add zest to our life. Instead of bemoaning the fading of our traditional culture, trying to replenish it with fresh elements is a wise way to enhance it. What's more, the abundant Chinese cultural activities are of great help to paving the way for our culture's going global. Through these interesting activities, more and more foreign friends can be turned into diehard fans of our culture. Above all, we need to be an open-minded learner with patriotism. (Conclusion) That is to say, when facing foreign cultures, we need to have the ability to distinguish which part is worthwhile to absorb and ultimately realize the goal of strengthening our own culture. 主题词汇 落⼊陷阱 be ensnared in 痴迷于 be obsessed with …… 背诵；彩排 rehearse vt. 绕过 bypass vt. 熏陶；教化 edify v. 惋惜 bemoan vt. 褪⾊；衰弱 fade vi. 补充 replenish vt. 为 做准备 pave the way for ……顽固分⼦，死忠粉 diehard fans 亮点句式 With more international cooperation and globalization, cultural communication is more frequent than ever in our history. 【译⽂】 随着国际合作和全球化的深⼊，⽂化的交流⽐历史上的 任何时期都频繁。 【分析】 句⼦中的 是⼀种最⾼级说法的表 more frequent than ever 达， 是指⽐以往任何时候程度都深。⼜如： more... than ever/any time （我们⽐历史上任 We are closer to prosperity than any time in our history. 何时候都更接近繁荣。）Essay 037 关于⼤众媒体 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on mass media, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should:: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards mass media, especially on the way it influences the public. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Spokesman of Social Issues Thanks to the development of mass media, information is easily acquired in modern society. With its abundant information collecting channels and multiple information spreading forms like the Internet, newspapers, television, etc., mass media is becoming the essential vitamin for the construction of our knowledge cells. Various forms of mass media have gained popularity because of their many functions. The present information updating speed is way faster than that in the past. Our ancestors got to know this world mostly by books and verbal messages while we know the world mostly by the Internet nowadays. Unlike the old times, today the large amount of information and thecontinuously advancing technologies in our society create the needs of media and mass media emerges at the right time to do the job. Mass media satisfies the entertainment need of the public. Even if a person stays at home all day long, he or she can be expert in what is happening around the world with the Internet and an television. Mass media provides us with information in a way that breaks the limitation of time and space. Also, mass media promotes the democracy in a country and gives the public more chances to express themselves. Excerpt 2 The Information Processing Is Audience-Oriented Neil Postman, a famous American media theorist and cultural critic, has shown his concern that the quality of information has been undermined to realize the entertainment effect in his 1985 book: Amusing Ourselves to Death . Recently, a news report has aroused great attention. According to an online rumor, a famous Chinese basketball player was seen to be arrested for taking drugs because the video showed that he was in his casual look and was surrounded by “cops”, while the truth was that he was leaving a match with the security personnel around him. Nowadays, online fake news has become a serious problem in information spreading. To be eye-catching, the information processing has been audience-oriented and no credible evidence can guarantee its authenticity. On the other hand, people who are used to the interactions in virtual networking sites are normally not that passionate in real life, for most of their attention has been absorbed in the virtual world. 审题⽴意 包括电视、⼴播、⽹络等多种媒体形式在内的⼤众媒体以其巨⼤ 的信息量以及多样的信息传播渠道吸引着公众的⽬光。媒体为⼈们提 供了紧跟社会发展的各类信息，也为⼈们提供了多样乐趣。但是⽬前 各式的信息传播也带来了负⾯效应。虚假的⽹络新闻误导了很多⼈，影响了社会的舆论导向。可以说，我们可以在媒体上找到我们需要的 各样信息，但是也容易迷失在这个充斥着虚假声⾳的信息海洋中。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点：⼤众媒体⼀⽅⾯对于时代的发 展有促进作⽤，⼀⽅⾯也因其信息的⻥⻰混杂⽽容易误导公众。 发表⾃⼰的观点：肯定⼤众媒体的积极作⽤，但是其信息传播 的真实性与规范性需要提升。 总结观点：⼤众媒体的流⾏是社会发展的必然趋势，其在不断 成熟的过程中必然会出现问题，我们要学会在形形⾊⾊的信息中去伪 求真，⽽社会⼒量应规范媒体的运⾏。 精彩范⽂ The Controversial Media Culture Providing the audience with fresh news via different ways, mass media is receiving both praise and criticism in our society. On the one hand, mass media is greatly welcomed by the public because it makes people's life more convenient and enjoyable. We can have a great time with mass media like reading news, having entertainment and engaging in educational activities. But on the other hand, mass media is always criticized as being controversial and provocative. A plain statement can be quite boring and thus the content of the news is delicately written to cater for audiences' tastes, which has caused doubts on its credibility. Reviewing the pros and cons of mass media, I assume mass media can keep gaining popularity by taking refinement and improvement into account. (Viewpoint) With the development of human civilization, we have witnessed the process of oral culture to charactery culture. Nowadays, the stage belongs to the media culture. (Topic sentence) Mass media has the charisma to let us be obsessed with it voluntarily. With numerous platforms, mass media is also providing us with more resources. Multiple functions of mass media have greatly facilitated our life.On the flip side, the misguidance of the mainstream opinions is generated in a plethora of information. (Topic sentence) Trying to attract more readers, a large amount of mass media news is perverting the truth. Although there aren't always offensive remarks in the news, personal rights can still be infringed. A blur on someone's good fame would constantly occupy the headlines of the news nowadays. It is irrefutable that mass media needs to be supervised more strictly. What's truly worrisome is not the information from mass media, but that we may have forgotten how to think independently in the era of mass media. (Conclusion) Our extensive and profound culture has survived the dictatorship and we cannot let it be ruined by today's boundless freedom of online information. 主题词汇 过多的，超量的 a plethora of 颠倒是⾮ pervert the truth 冒犯的话 offensive remark 侵害 infringe vt. 污点 blur n. 不可辩驳的 irrefutable adj. 独裁 dictatorship n. 亮点句式 A blur on someone's good fame would constantly occupy the headlines of the news nowadays. 【译⽂】 如今，新闻的头条经常充斥着有损他⼈名誉的信息。 【分析】 意为 污点 ，此处 意为 给 blur “ ” a blur on one's good fame “ 某⼈抹⿊ ，即 损害其名誉 。 ” “ ”Essay 038 关于涂鸦 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about graffiti, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards graffiti, especially your opinion on whether it is an art or a kind of vandalism. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Manifestation of Creativity The question of the artistic value of a certain work is often heard in museums and galleries. Yet few people would propose the same question on graffiti works which are the brilliant exhibition of creativity and modern artistic consciousness. Graffiti has broken the limitations of traditional art forms and locations to extend its artistic value spiritually. Graffiti saves the dull sceneries with its breathtaking pictures and amazing ideas. It beautifies the environment of a region with extraordinary artworks that cost the least compared with other artistic projects. Naturally, a city with graffiti can never impress people with a boring image. The graffiti shows the free and open atmosphere of a city.The spirit behind the graffiti is bold and fresh. It caters to the essence of art that art encourages people to think critically about the artistic forms and content. It provides a bigger canvas for people, especially the young, to express their ideas on society. From a certain point, graffiti is seen as one of the social identities of the young. Excerpt 2 A Social Disorder Problem Graffiti is commonly seen nowadays. However, its existence can be quite troubling sometimes since this kind of free creation is usually performed on public property without any permission. The painters leave their great works on the walls despite the inappropriateness. Graffiti affects the residents and the community a lot. Both the graffiti painting and the removing processes have an impact on the health of the residents since aerosol and chemicals are used. Meanwhile, the exhausting removal of graffiti costs the money supposed to be used on projects which are more meaningful. For most of the time, the content of graffiti can be very annoying. Some of them are even not suitable on public occasions. With such paintings around the neighbourhood, residents find it hard to control their anger. Also, such pictures have a bad influence on the children within the community. Graffiti can also bring unsafe feelings to the residents. The random and illegal paintings ruin the tranquil atmosphere that is built upon order and rules. 审题⽴意 涂鸦现象在我们的社会中引起了热烈的争论。⼀⽅⾯，涂鸦是我 们社会多元⽂化的反应。这实质上是⼀种艺术创作，在很多时候丰富 了城市景观。另⼀⽅⾯，涂鸦现象⼀般出现在公共空间，⽽市⺠们对 于不同涂鸦作品的欣赏与接受程度不尽相同，因此很多时候涂鸦现象 引起⼈们的反感。另外还有很多涂鸦作品，其内容绝对称不上赏⼼悦⽬。综上，⼈们对于涂鸦现象观点不⼀，争论纷纷。关于涂鸦现象， 考⽣持有什么样的看法呢？结合所给材料，发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，涂鸦为我们的居住环 境增添了⾊彩，是⼀种独具创意的艺术作品。另⼀⽅⾯，涂鸦⾏为未 经允许，会污染公共建筑，为居⺠与城市管理带来困扰。 发表⾃⼰的观点。涂鸦作品是艺术才能的展现，也是城市多元 ⽂化的重要组成部分，值得⿎励，但是其创作内容与创作地点应符合 城市⽂化需求。 总结观点。涂鸦本⾝是⼀种艺术，就其内容以及创作场合来 讲，更需要公众的共同努⼒，使其既不影响他⼈与社会，⼜能彰显独 特的艺术魅⼒。 精彩范⽂ Make Graffiti More Valuable Recently, the raging debate about whether graffiti is art or vandalism has arisen. Some people think graffiti is the natural product of the development of social culture and it reflects the diversity of our culture. What's more, graffiti beautifies the landscape with the stunning paintings. However, others argue that graffiti is an act that defaces the public premises and properties without permission. Hearing the above voices, I assume we should appreciate the creativity and artistic value of graffiti. But at the same time, some limitations are necessary. (Viewpoint) Firstly, to solve the problem of damaging public buildings, we can assign a graffiti zone for the street artists. (Topic sentence) As we commonly see, graffiti works are genuine creations that deserve to be appreciated by the citizens. They are endowed with aesthetic talents. Therefore, a graffiti zone would finely preserve these art pieces and alsoprovide people with a place to entertain and relax. On the other hand, a graffiti zone would reduce the chances of unscrupulous paintings. What's more, the content of graffiti works should be devoid of offensiveness. (Topic sentence) I believe most of the street artists are trying to express their ideas about the society by making graffiti artworks. And it should be done in meaningful and more acceptable ways. Otherwise, they're only turning their talents in painting into vulgar and crude works. Anyone who hopes to make a difference to society should find the right way. Generally speaking, the world is becoming more and more tolerable towards graffiti. The graffiti art would be more valuable with the above two types of limitations. Therefore, let's try to appreciate the value of these street pieces and make joint efforts to help this kind of art develop soundly, making it more creative and less vulgar. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 激烈的，持续的 raging adj. 故意破坏的⾏为 vandalism n. 景观 landscape n. 迷⼈的 stunning adj. 毁坏 的外观 deface vt. …… 公司、餐馆等各类场所⼟地 premises n. 天⽣具有 be endowed with 粗俗的 vulgar adj. 粗糙的 crude adj. 亮点句式 Generally speaking, the world is becoming more and more tolerable towards graffiti.【译⽂】 总的来说，世界对于涂鸦现象变得越来越宽容。 【分析】 本句中 意为 总的来说 ，是作⽂中经 generally speaking “ ” 常使⽤的表达，常⽤来总结观点；后⾯ 意为 世界 the world is becoming “ 正变得 也是⼗分实⽤的表达。 ……”Essay 039 传统⽂化是否应成为必修课？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the traditional Chinese culture in college, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the traditional Chinese culture, especially on the necessity of making it a required course in college. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Traditional Culture Needs a Renaissance Usually, we have a systematic study of Chinese which starts from the day we enter the primary school and generally ends on the day of our College Entrance Examination. Finishing the task of using Chinese knowledge to take examinations, many college students begin to lose their interest in making more effort to learn Chinese culture, especially the traditional culture. The guidelines that have been issued by the Chinese central government at the beginning of this year says that by 2025, major achievements will be registered in traditional culture-related research, education, protection, inheritance, innovation and exchanges. The international influence of Chinese culture should register a “marked boost”.To realize these goals, it's really necessary for us to take traditional culture into the college curriculum. Traditional Chinese culture is the origin of our national spirit and the ground of our values toward the world. As Chinese citizens, we are supposed to know our traditional culture well. Also, with globalization, western culture has rushed into our society. With society filled with foreign languages and products nowadays, a large number of college students have limited knowledge related to traditional Chinese culture, which can even embarrass them in front of foreigners. Excerpt 2 A Compulsory Request Is Unnecessary The emphasis we put on traditional Chinese culture can never be too much. Every citizen has a responsibility to protect and develop our traditional culture. But Chinese culture for Chinese students is unlike other subjects which we probably do not have a clue about. Chinese is the language that we use every day and Chinese culture is the social environment that we grow up in. Therefore, a compulsory course of traditional Chinese culture in college is not necessary. “The first time I saw paper-cutting, I fell in love with it. I have this strong feeling that traditional Chinese culture is so amazing and fantastic. This traditional art form shows us not only splendid craft skills but also the richness of our culture reflected in the patterns,” said a college student who has got great fun in the spontaneous and natural learning of our own culture. Actually, the acquiring of the traditional culture should be out of interest and pleasure. The motive for learning our traditional culture is the love we hold to our country and the strong passion to spread it. However, if listed as a compulsory course in college, the traditional Chinese culture shall be learned by students with a totally different attitude. And students shall fall back into the situation of studying for scoring, which deprives them of all interest. 审题⽴意本作⽂题⽬涉及中国传统⽂化的问题。中国的传统⽂化是数千年 的历史积淀的产物。作为当代⼤学⽣，学习传统⽂化不仅让我们更加 了解本⼟⽂化的精华，更能增加我们的⺠族⾃豪感和荣誉感。但是在 匆匆忙忙的⽣活中，许多⼈似乎忘记了去珍惜我们的传统⽂化。这其 中，尤以受外来⽂化影响较⼤的年轻⼈为主。因此，很多⼈主张将传 统⽂化的学习作为⼤学的必修课。但是另⼀⽅⾯，虽然很多⼈认为对 于传统⽂化的强调确实是⼗分必要的，但⼤部分⼤学⽣成⻓于⼀个汉 语⽂化中，对于传统⽂化的学习与了解应该是⾃发的，强制学习反⽽ 适得其反。考⽣可以结合⾃⼰的观点，对此发表看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，即传统⽂化是否应该被列⼊⼤学 的必修课程中。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⾸先要肯定传统⽂化的意义与地位，然后提 出传统⽂化是否应该纳⼊必修课。 总结观点。⽂化对⼀个⼈、⼀个⺠族都有着不可代替的作⽤。 ⽂化使我们有归属感，使我们骄傲。传统⽂化的复兴与发展，创新与 弘扬，我们年轻⼈应该积极参与。 精彩范⽂ A New Literacy Campaign With the rapid development of our society, the importance of traditional culture is diminishing. It seems that we need to walk as fast as we can in this era and that we must let go of the “burden” like the traditional Chinese culture which has no instant use for our present life. The ignorance of the traditional culture is especially obvious among young people. Therefore, many people have proposed to put traditional Chinese culture into the curriculum of colleges so that students can pay more attention to it. However, others argue that students are usually disgustedwith a subject that needs to be tested. Rather, they should learn about Chinese culture with great joy. As a college student, I think it is necessary to list traditional Chinese culture as a required course in college. (Viewpoint) Nowadays, the nonchalant attitude toward traditional Chinese culture is serious insomuch that a foreigner may beat a Chinese person. Our culture is in imminent danger on its home turf. (Topic sentence) An extraneous force is needed to tell college students that traditional culture is indispensable in our knowledge system. Learning a subject while coupled with tests can be more efficient and effective, and students would not put the learning of traditional Chinese culture on a future plan which will be postponed, forever. What's more urgent is that our culture is being threatened by the western culture right now. (Topic sentence) It is not an exaggeration. With the crush of foreign cultures, we are giving less and less attention to our own culture. And if we didn't take any serious measures, our culture would suffer relentless persecution. College students as a fresh power of the country are responsible for the protection and the development of traditional Chinese culture. (Conclusion) And listing traditional Chinese culture in our curriculum would remind us of the mission all the time. The new literacy campaign with the topic of traditional culture is necessary. 主题词汇 扫盲运动 literacy campaign 减少；减弱 diminish v. 厌烦的 be disgusted with 漠不关⼼的 nonchalant adj. 如此 以⾄于 insomuch that …… …… 迫切的；即将来临的 imminent adj. 在⾃⼰的地盘上 on one's home turf外⼒的；外部的 extraneous adj. ⽆情的 relentless adj. 迫害 persecution n. 亮点句式 An extraneous force is needed to tell college students that traditional culture is indispensable in our knowledge system. 【译⽂】 我们需要⼀个外部⼒量来告诉⼤学⽣，传统⽂化在我们 的知识体系中是必不可少的。 【分析】 传统⽂化是我们的宝贵财富，也是我们作为中国⼈的必 备素养。 外部⼒量 在此处即指将传统⽂化的学习纳⼊必修课中。 “ ”Essay 040 历史对于现代⼈的意义 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the relationship between history and modern life, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the history, especially your opinion on how much the history influences our life today. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Learn from the Past As Francis Bacon has illustrated for us in his masterpiece Of Studies : Histories make men wise. In the long process of the development of civilization, history has always played an important role in our life. Among all the available subjects we learn nowadays, history is the most profound one. The acquirement of historical knowledge is necessary if we want to learn from the past and accumulate our wisdom. History helps us to understand the operation of society. The vicissitudes of the dynasties, the ups and downs in the life of those historical celebrities are all the valuable experience for modern people. Also, the past teaches us to ask why with data instead of guessing. Based on what happened before our time, we can have ready-made studies asevidence and statistic materials. No matter which field you are in, history can provide lively cases which are played like TV dramas. History is also the carrier of all the significant elements that construct a society. Our cultural origins, the evolution of species, the crustal movement etc. are all recorded by the history. Without history, we will be confused about the root of human beings. We would not be confident enough to welcome a bright future. Excerpt 2 Focus on the Present No denial can be given to the statement that history is important for us. However, different eras have their distinguishable characteristics. Surely the basic historical knowledge must be learned. But history is not the dominating power in the modern society. Instead of looking through history books for answers, the new age needs us to be innovative in problem solving and be critical in thinking. We are living in a world in which information updating is faster than ever. For the social progress, what's in yesterday is obsolete and what's for tomorrow means more to our success. If we fix our eyes on the past only, we may never get to create new things for our society. We live in the present and we live for future development. It's not the ignorance of history; rather it's a respect to what we have got from history. It's because we are going to manage to have a better tomorrow with the things we already have. A bright future of a country must involve drawing upon the experience from the past. However, it will never be enough to learn from history only. Instead, it's a combination of the learning of the past, the emphasis on the present and the scientific prediction of the future. And for most of the time, learning from the past is just a beginning but not the main content. 审题⽴意 本作⽂的话题涉及历史在当今社会的重要性这⼀问题。历史是⼈ 类⽂明的记录，是⼈类社会发展⾄今的基础与写照。我们⼀切⽂明的发展都离不开历史的启⽰。历史也是我们⼀切⽂明的起源，只有铭记 历史，才能寻根溯源，不断向前。⼀⽅⾯，从历史中获得经验与指引 是必要且必需的。但是另⼀⽅⾯，当今社会发展迅猛，科技与经济发 展⽇新⽉异。因此，有⼈说当今社会更需要的是⼀种突破与创新。学 习历史经验只是⼀个开端，真正的发展需要我们勾勒出⼀个对于未来 的蓝图。考⽣在阅读两则材料的基础上，思考历史在我们的社会发展 中扮演着⼀个什么样的⾓⾊。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点。历史在⼈类社会的重要地位和社 会发展的新需求。 发表⾃⼰的观点。承认历史在⼈类社会中的作⽤，也要结合时 代发展，论述在了解历史的基础上我们更需要关注现在，放眼未来。 总结观点。社会的发展是多种因素共同作⽤的结果。我们的⽂ 明进步离不开历史的经验，我们必须要肯定历史在社会发展中的重要 地位。但同时，也要根据不同时期社会的不同问题，灵活应对，培养 突破历史的创新精神。 精彩范⽂ History in the New Era Ever since ancient times, history has always been a diligent recorder of our civilization. History has always played an important role in our society. However, there are diverging opinions about how important history is in modern society. Some say history and our development are entwined with each other so closely that as modern people, we see history as the encyclopedia of the genesis of our society. Others agree with the saying, but add that besides looking back on history, we need to focus more on the present and the future. In my opinion, I prefer the latter one. We are standing in the present to plan a prosperous future. (Viewpoint)First of all, there's no doubt that we should always stand in awesome silence before the ancient history. (Topic sentence) History has nurtured the national spirit. Belittling history is the beginning of egotism and ignorance. Surely history is a required course for all the citizens and it's a great source of reference for the solving of many problems. History shall never be ignored and forgotten. While on the other hand, dwelling on the past is not enough for our future development. (Topic sentence) In the era of technology and information, the spirit of innovation can never be over highlighted. And sometimes, we really need to get rid of some traditional recognition to make breakthroughs. The recurring of history should never be the propaganda for hackneyed phrase, nor should focusing on the future be the excuse of forgetting the past. Simultaneously, we should try our best to seize the present and spare no effort to make breakthroughs to embrace a brighter future. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 与 密切相关 be entwined with …… 起源 genesis n. 对 充满敬畏 stand in awesome silence …… 轻视 belittle vt. ⾃⼤，⾃负 egotism n. 陈腐之词 hackneyed phrase 再现，重演 recur v. 沉溺于过去 dwell on the past 亮点句式The recurring of history should never be the propaganda for hackneyed phrase, nor should focusing on the future be the excuse of forgetting the past. 【译⽂】 重提历史并⾮是陈腐之词的上演，放眼未来也不是忘记 过去的理由。 【分析】 位于句⾸，句⼦谓语要采⽤部分倒装的形式，即将 nor 谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词提前，如在本句中， 的分句 nor 的主语是动名词短语 ，⽽其谓语 中的情 focusing on the future should be 态动词 提⾄ 主语之前。该句⼦也可以⽤在其 should focusing on the future 他话题的作⽂中，⽐如传统与现代的交汇问题等。Essay 041 ⼤学⽣追剧之我⻅ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about college students and TV shows, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the topic, especially your opinion on whether college students should spend time on TV dramas. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 A Great Way to Relax Ever since the last century, we have had access to the Internet and the television. As the new entertainment ways, their appearance has greatly enriched our spare time. And also, they have helped us realize the goal of acquiring information without experiencing it personally. With time passing by, the Internet and television have become the integral part of our life. College students as the young generation who have grown up with the surrounding of television and the Internet have a deeper bond with them. And as the big audience group of screens, college students are taking various TV dramas as their leisure activities. Various genres of TV dramas contain abundant content which is greatly associated with the social affairs. And they have provided collegestudents with a brand new aspect to view their life. Since college students are spending most of their time on campus, watching television can be one of the convenient ways for them to know about society. Other charisma of TV dramas is the carefully designed scenes that reflect the culture and history of a country in a certain period. For language learners, the foreign TV episodes are natural and native language environment that rarely exists in our daily life. Excerpt 2 The Murderer of Time While catching up on TV dramas has released college students from the tedious life, it also discounts the students' efficiency on study. For many college students who are watching the teleplays, they would not go to sleep until they are too tired to support their eyes. And not only in their resting time, college students also find it hard to resist watching the latest shows even when there are unfinished study tasks. We may hold an open mind if the addiction to TV dramas is only a waste of time. But the truth is that it is also a threat to our eyes. According to a report released by the World Health Organization in 2017, the nearsightedness rate among Chinese young adults ranks first in the world. Surely study has frayed our eyes more or less, yet facing the screens all day long is another important reason accounting for the nearsightedness. College life is the first time that students have been free enough to manage their life. With the temptation of TV, college students may have to squeeze time from the already tense timetable. The very normal situation is that college students tend to watch TV whenever they want. They spend less time on study and fall into the bad habit of procrastination. 审题⽴意 追剧 已经成为年轻的⼤学⽣群体中的普遍现象。很多⼤学⽣通 “ ” 过观看电视剧来拓宽⾃⼰的知识⾯，在电视剧中也能从另⼀个⾓度去 融⼊社会。尤其对于很多学语⾔与⽂化的学⽣来讲，观看外国的电视剧等于是把⾃⼰浸泡在了地道的语⾔环境之中，这对学习⼤有裨益。 但是另⼀⽅⾯，凡事皆应有度。很多学⽣熬夜看电视剧，不顾休息与 学习的时间分配，⼀股脑地投⼊到剧情中不能⾃拔。既损伤了视⼒， ⼜浪费了很多时间。考⽣根据⾃⼰的亲⾝体会，对⼤学⽣追剧现象发 表⾃⼰的⻅解。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，看电视剧是⼤学⽣的 ⼀种休闲放松、开拓视野的⽅式。另⼀⽅⾯，很多学⽣看剧丧志，废 寝忘⾷。 发表⾃⼰的观点。看剧⽆错，过度有错。放松与放纵的区别在 于⾃制⼒。 总结观点。⼤学⽣在校期间应该树⽴⾃⼰的⽬标与志向，将⽣ 活的重⼼放在对美好⽣活的追求上。 精彩范⽂ Overcome TV Drama Addiction Catching the latest episodes of a TV drama is a routine for nearly every social group. And college students are no exceptions. Yet different people hold diverging opinions on the college students following the TV dramas. Some people agree that watching TV can provide fresh experiences for college students. But seeing college students neglect their study because of TV dramas, many people consider it should not be supported. In my opinion, watching TV dramas can unleash the stress of study. However, college students should really have the self control to avoid derailing from the main task in college. (Viewpoint) First of all, watching TV can bring relaxation and socialization. (Topic sentence) Watching TV dramas, many college students get to allay the study anxiety from time to time. Living on the campus all day long, college students need some fresh air. And an appropriate TV drama can be avery good choice. What's more, giving comments on the drama plots with friends is a process of socialization which can deepen the knowing of each other. However, the need of being refreshed cannot put a good spin on the pernicious habit of indolence. (Topic sentence) Watching TV dramas serves various purposes for the college students like the relaxation, entertainment and expansion of the view. But it's common to see college students being perturbed by the dramas. They are so devoted to it that it's hard for them to focus on study. And for college students, they need to set clear goals for college life and manage time efficiently. As we always say, one man's meat is another man's poison. The TV dramas can be both the meat and the poison. (Conclusion) The deciding power lies in college students' attitudes towards entertainment and the study as well as their willpower to master time. 主题词汇 宣泄；释放 unleash vt. 脱轨；偏离 derail vi. 减轻 allay vt. 对 进⾏评论 give comments on …… 美化 put a good spin on... 有害的 pernicious adj. 被 烦扰 be perturbed by …… 亮点句式 As we always say, one man's meat is another man's poison. 【译⽂】 正如我们常说的⼀样，甲之蜜糖，⼄之砒霜。【分析】 该句旨在表达对⼀⼈有利的事情不⼀定对另⼀个⼈有 利。在作⽂中指的是追剧这件事情对部分⼤学⽣是有益的，但是对于 不加节制的⼈来说就可能成为 毒药 。 “ ”Essay 042 ⽅⾔ 普通话 vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about dialects and mandarin, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards dialects, especially on the relationship between dialects and Putonghua. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 A Bridge Between Regions Language as the significant part in a culture can always provide clues about nationalities, or even identities. Every country has its own standard language and concrete language polices. With a complete language system, Putonghua is commonly accepted to facilitate the communications between different regions in China. Nowadays the majority of the Chinese population is speaking Putonghua and the number is still expected to rise in the near future. In a country like China which is the motherland of over 50 ethnic groups, a common language has a profound meaning in narrowing the economic gaps as well as diminishing the cultural estrangement between different regions.From a certain point, it is the prerequisite of building a stronger country with citizens holding hands. The meaning of a unified language is vital in the spreading of our culture. In an era of globalization, the interactions between nations are more frequent and deeper than ever. Chinese is becoming an international language with an increasing number of users. In this process, Putonghua is the launching pad for our brilliant culture rocket. For without it, we cannot expect a forceful and convincible cultural influence. Excerpt 2 Kaleidoscope of Culture Every place has its own regional characteristics which are the quintessence of not only its historic development, but also cultural heritage. Among all the unique features, dialects as the languages that differ from place to place are the treasures in local cultures. They are more than the mere tools for the communication, but the direct reflection of their respective regional attribute. Spoken by a certain group of people, the dialect can be the epitome of hometown as well as an important part in one's life. A multitude of dialects and language variations have long existed due to geographical separations within the country. Although all the dialects are the indispensable forces in thriving Chinese culture, the difficulties in understanding each other are evident and various dialects are not completely intelligible to Mandarin speakers. Thus, the sphere of dialect application is actually limited. With the popularity of Putonghua, the dialects are gradually becoming the marginal power in our society. Since most of the dialects are not taught formally and systematically nowadays, there's no other ways for them to survive except for orally and casually. That is to say, the best way to get in touch with the different local cultures and dialects is exposure to real communications which is usually hard to realize. 审题⽴意我国作为⼀个⺠族众多、语⾔多样的国家，⼤⼒推⼴普通话是克 服各⺠族各地区之间语⾔障碍与⽂化隔阂的有⼒⼿段；同时，对于社 会发展来讲，普通话的推⼴服务于社会沟通。⽽另⼀⽅⾯，由于使⽤ ⼈数和使⽤范围的限制，各地区的⽅⾔正⾯临着萎缩消亡的困境。⽅ ⾔作为⼀种⾮物质⽂化遗产，体现着地域特⾊与⽂化多样性，应该得 到尊重与传承。对于推⼴普通话与保护各地区⽅⾔之间的关系，不同 的⼈有不同的看法。考⽣结合⾃⼰的⽣活体会，发表对⼆者之间关系 的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，推⼴普通话是社会发 展的必经之路；另⼀⽅⾯，对于各地区⽅⾔的保护是⽂化繁荣的基本 要素。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⾸先，推⼴普通话与保护⽅⾔都是⽏庸置疑 的正确⾏动。问题的关键是，两者的脚步与努⼒应该是同步的。 总结观点。中国作为⼀个幅员辽阔、⼈⼝众多的国家，普通话 的推⼴意义深远。但与此同时，保持中国⽂化的多样性也是我们应该 思考的问题。在中国⽂化的⼤花园中，⼀花独放不是春，百花⻬放春 满园。 精彩范⽂ The Egalitarianism in Utterances Catering to the developmental needs, Putonghua is proficient in raising social efficiencies. And we have made great efforts to promote Putonghua in order to facilitate the communications within our country. Yet admitting the advantages in promoting Putonghua, some people are also concerned about the marginal position of dialects nowadays. Because of the geographical variations and historical vicissitudes, people speak diverse languages in different regions which cannot be easily understood by othersocial members. And it seems that with increasing users of our national dialects, the local dialects are fading. In fact, the preservation and the development of dialects are not in collision with the promotion of Putonghua. (Viewpoint) Firstly, there is no doubt that the promotion of Putonghua is necessary. (Topic sentence) The appearance of a unified language to make the public interaction more convenient is the demand of our social development. Instead of calling the promotion of Putonghua as a language policy, it may be more accurate to call it a natural course. In our society, Putonghua plays a vital role in breaking through the estrangement between different regions and cultures. On the other hand, as highlighted all the time, to promote Putonghua is definitely not wiping out the dialects. Dialects as the representations of the regional characteristics should be preserved. (Topic sentence) What's more, we should realize that although these different languages are called dialects in our society, local people prefer to call them their native accent which would remain the same even after years have passed. Thus the use of dialects should never be limited so that its longevity can be kept from generation to generation. It is neither practical to foist a language on someone nor reasonable to deprive a language from someone. The cultural merge is a natural process and we need to be patient. The using of Putonghua is unstoppable in our society. At the same time, the dialects are the inexhaustible sources of Chinese. Therefore, promoting Putonghua and protecting dialects should be at the same pace. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 平等主义 egalitarianism n. 迎合 cater to 历史变迁 historical vicissitude 与 冲突 in collision with …… ⾃然进程 natural course消灭 wipe out ⻓寿 longevity n. 把 强加给 foist... on... …… …… 不竭的 inexhaustible adj. 亮点句式 Instead of calling the promotion of Putonghua as a language policy, it may be more accurate to call it a natural course. 【译⽂】 称推⼴普通话为⼀项语⾔政策，不如称之为⼀种⾃然的 进程来的准确。 【分析】 该句旨在表明普通话的推⼴顺应时代发展，符合⾏业沟 通的需求，是我们社会发展的必然产物。Essay 043 道德绑架之我⻅ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about moral kidnappings, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards moral constraints and moral kidnappings, especially your opinion on their differences. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Public Opinions Promote the Moral Construction Ever since we abandoned primitive lifestyles, morality has become the focus in our society. For a civilized and orderly world, morality and laws are the two most important powers. Unlike the laws whose contents are specifically listed and clearly illustrated, the definition of morality is relatively vague. Morality contains so many aspects in our world which include not only proper behavior, but also manners and values. Also, the practice of morality depends on self-restraints and public supervision. In a general sense, morality can be seen as the watershed, or in other words, a judge for the actions that we distinguish as proper and improper. It represents the respect towards the common value from every social member. And it is also a representation of the social contract spirit.Morality is derived from a specific culture or religion. Therefore, the definition and the significance of morality only exist in a group environment. Accepted and practiced by individuals, morality is actually the codes of conduct and morals provided by society. Therefore, the moral rules are more possible to be applied in social settings. That is to say, individual morality is greatly influenced by public opinions. Excerpt 2 Public Opinions Sometimes Bring Moral Kidnappings Public opinions are a kind of invisible, but overwhelming power in our society that is closely associated with the stream of consciousness. While positive public opinions promote the ethical constructions, negative public opinions bring moral kidnapping. Moral kidnapping usually refers to the behavior of forcing the individuals or groups to do good things under the name of morality. This kind of force usually measures people as moral or immoral with a saint's standard which means sacrificing personal interests in some cases. The discussions about donations and offering seats to others on a bus or a metro are very common in the recent news. Along with the praise for people who have taken care of others, there are criticisms towards the ones who didn't do so. Without considering the actual situations or personal unsaid reasons, the censure from the “justice power” in our society just bombarded these people directly. Although moral kidnapping may arise from good intentions, it is not one's duty to sacrifice. Public opinions have the extremely powerful influence that is enough to destroy someone's good name. Moral coercion is an intruder to free wills and personal rights. The direct result of such phenomena is not the confrontation with immoral behaviors, but the resentment against those innocent people. 审题⽴意道德作为社会成员共同接受且默契践⾏的价值观念，深⼊⼈⼼， 影响深远。在社会道德理念的维护与发展中，个⼈的⾃觉意识与公众 的监督都起到决定性作⽤。⽽近年来， 明星不捐款 地铁⾥不让座 “ ”“ 位 等消息频繁曝出，看似是⼈们在对不道德的⾏为进⾏谴责，实际上 ” 是 道德绑架 ⼤⾏其道。顾名思义， 道德绑架 即部分⼈站在道德的 “ ” “ ” 制⾼点上，要求某个⼈或者某集体为他⼈利益⽽牺牲个⼈利益。⽽促 成 道德绑架 的⼒量也正是公众舆论，可谓 成也萧何，败也萧何 。 “ ” “ ” 考⽣针对社会舆论以及 道德绑架 与 道德约束 ⼆者之间的关系，发 “ ” “ ” 表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，公众的监督与舆论促 进道德事业的建设；另⼀⽅⾯，对于个⼈过⾼的道德要求已经出现 了 道德绑架 现象，⽽这其中也是公众舆论的⼒量在作祟。 “ ” 发表⾃⼰的观点。公众舆论的⼒量是巨⼤的，问题的关键所在 是舆论的⾛向。公众应该善于辨别是⾮，不要盲⽬跟⻛，很多⼈怀着 正义之⼼最后反⽽为虎作伥。 总结观点。道德是社会上永恒的话题，道德建设是社会中的每 位成员都应该努⼒的事业。我们提倡促进道德建设，但是不能强⼈所 难，要学会换位思考，辨别正误。 精彩范⽂ The Absurd Moral Intimidation Morality issues are the eternal topics in human society. Recently, the argumentation between moral constraints and moral kidnappings has been fierce. While public opinions are doing a great job in moral constraints, they are giving no less contribution to moral kidnappings. As the constituent part of public opinions, I think morality should not be aliability and individual interests should be considered when it comes to moral issues. (Viewpoint) First of all, it's necessary to distinguish moral kidnapping from moral promotion. (Topic sentence) Morality is not a forcing power; rather it is a voluntary strength. That is to say, one should be proud of being virtuous and be ashamed of being immoral. And in this process, the public plays the role of encouraging and condemning, but not sanctioning. Moral constraints are giving people the right guidance, but moral kidnapping is full of parochial and opinionated factors and under such conditions we can never expect individuals to be moral of their own accord. Secondly, we cannot be brainwashed easily. (Topic sentence) The reason why moral kidnapping can prevail is the blind support for justice. Many people are just following the so-called mainstream voice without realizing that they are infringing others' rights. And sometimes, people with an ulterior motive will mislead public opinions intentionally. Therefore, many people who are less discriminating would follow blindly such misled public opinions. Most social members are expecting to see a civilized society. However, we need to figure out what's right to do. Moral standards can be different from person to person. It's better to think rationally before judging; show some empathy to others' situation before being harsh when moral issues are associated. It's good to see that social members care about moral forces, but the boundaries between the moral constraints and moral kidnapping are really ambiguous. To advocate refusing moral kidnapping is not to give way to egoism and selfishness; rather, it is to call for the ability to tell right from wrong and the basic respect for each social member's personal rights. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 威胁 intimidation n. 道德绑架 moral kidnapping 组成部分 constituent part 责任；义务 liability n.处罚；制裁 sanction vt. 狭隘的 parochial adj. ⾃以为是的 opinionated adj. 洗脑 brainwash vt. 利⼰主义 egoism n. 亮点句式 Moral constraints are giving people the right guidance, but moral kidnapping is full of parochial and opinionated factors and under such conditions we can never expect individuals to be moral of their own accord. 【译⽂】 道德约束给予⼈们正确的引领，⽽道德绑架却充满了狭 隘与⾃以为是的⽓息，⽽在这样的氛围下，我们永远也⻅不到⼈们⾃ 发的道德⾏为。 【分析】 该句中 意为 ⾃愿地做某事 ，考⽣可 of one's own accord “ ” 记忆该⽤法，⽤在其他作⽂中。Essay 044 选秀节⽬之我⻅ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about TV talent shows, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards TV talent shows, especially your opinion on their social impact. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Alluring Limelight Nowadays, TV talent shows have become a notable genre of television shows. They burst onto our screen and earn huge popularity for not only their large monetary prize, but also the critical role they have played in starting the career of amateur artists. Usually, a talent show is an event in which the participants get to show their talents for singing and dancing, etc. Over the past couple of years, the entertainment programs of this kind have suddenly become very popular. Different talents and charms of the participants have caught the eyes of the audience and produced a profound positive social impact. With contestants motivated by the trophies and audiences obsessed with the talent feast, the talent shows have become a unique culture in oursociety. Despite being the stage for passionate participants, the talent shows are also a public power to boost self-esteem and confidence in our society. An army of people today are fond of TV talent shows. They believe the programs offer ordinary people the opportunity to present and develop various talents. Excerpt 2 A Stage for Talents or the Plot of Shows? Although the TV talent shows have received great popularity in our society for both their star cultivating roles and the inspiring social influences, there are also doubts about their judging criteria. Under the name of finding the real talented people despite their current conditions, many talent shows focus more on individual stories rather than their talents purely. Much personal footage has been added to the shows, for instance, one's miserable life experience, illness, etc. Surely a person cannot be separated from his or her personal life. Yet the judging criteria have subconsciously changed since mostly the personal circumstances rather than the talents of the participants have influenced the audience. Therefore, these talent shows are inclined to be made with stunts. Or in other words, whether the contestant's story can capture the audience's heart is an important point in the result of the shows. Deliberate designs can be cleverly used to influence public opinions on any contestant, for good or bad. Also, the sudden arising fame of the participants is also argued. The traditional way of gaining success has been tumbled with the fever towards talent shows. It seems that one can kick-start their career or even get to the zenith of the field directly simply by being the winner in the show without a long and dedicated struggle. 审题⽴意 近年来，电视选秀节⽬⻛靡屏幕 以其搜罗⺠间达⼈⽽受到观众的 , 追捧。对于很多⼈来说，选秀节⽬是⼀次展现才能的机会，是梦想的竞技场。但是另⼀⽅⾯，众多电视选秀节⽬为博观众眼球，刻意强调 选⼿的个⼈情况，甚⾄出现捏造虚构现象，从⽽违背选秀节⽬的初 衷，同时也影响了⼤众对于媒体及电视的信任度。另外，很多选⼿因 参加电视选秀节⽬⽽⼀夜⾛红， 不经⼀番彻⾻寒，便得梅花扑⿐ “ ⾹ 的成名之路也受到⼈们的质疑。 ” 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，选秀节⽬以其⼤众性 和娱乐性的特点在社会中受到欢迎，为⺠间达⼈提供了展现⾃我的舞 台，也为社会带来了正能量的⽂化；但是另⼀⽅⾯，许多节⽬中对于 选⼿个⼈经历的炒作也引起了⼤家的争论。 发表⾃⼰的观点。选秀节⽬的兴起是社会⽂化包容性的体现， ⿎励社会成员突破社会⾓⾊，勇敢展现⾃我；另⼀⽅⾯，电视选秀节 ⽬应该正视众多⾮议之声，良性发展。 总结观点。选秀节⽬得以产⽣的根本原因是社会⽂化的多元性 与包容性，是⼤众对于社会成员才华的⿎励与⽀持，若是作为噱头来 炒作，不仅⽆助于 英雄不问出处 的良好⻛⽓，甚⾄会造成反⾯效 “ ” 果。 精彩范⽂ Applause for the Real Talents Nowadays, TV talent shows have become the synonym for the stages that are available to everyone. It has provided the talented people with a chance to show themselves and to realize their dreams. However, although TV talent shows have received great popularity with a vengeance, they are also criticized for the sensationalist plots and the designed personality of the participants. In my opinion, the boom of TV talent shows is the reflection of our inclusive culture and they can have a better long-term development with some improvement. (Viewpoint)First of all, the popularity of the TV talent shows is a great helper to an open social atmosphere. (Topic sentence) It implies that the public has shifted the attention on identity and background to potentials and talents. It is very much a progressive step for our society. What's more, the contestants have the stage to exhibit their talents to show that the upward force in our society shall always find the way out. Nevertheless, the overemphasizing of personal situations has hindered the advantage of TV talent shows. (Topic sentence) It invisibly bring the feeling to the audience that gimmicks and fame are outshining the true talents. In addition, rising to stardom will make the participants the center of attention overnight while they are not prepared at all and they have to deal with the excessive media attention before they get to learn more about professional knowledge. In all, TV talent shows are only popular because of the recognition that the audience holds toward the talents. (Conclusion) Therefore, the deliberate designs should focus on the full presentation of the participants' talents, but not on the vulgar plots to exaggerate the effects of the show. If not, I suppose the crosscurrent towards TV talent shows shall be stronger. 主题词汇 猛烈地 with a vengeance 哗众取宠的情节 sensationalist plots 花招；噱头 gimmicks n. 胜过 outshine vt. 明星⾝份 stardom n. 粗俗的 vulgar adj. 横流；反对意⻅ crosscurrent n. 亮点句式What's more, the contestants have the stage to exhibit their talents to show that the upward force in our society shall always find the way out. 【译⽂】 同时，选⼿们有了展⽰才华的舞台并得以向社会证明积 极向上的⼒量总会开花结果。 【分析】 句中 指 向上的⼒量 ，此处可以指我们社会 upward force “ ” 中的正能量。Essay 045 关于极简主义 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the minimalist lifestyle, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the simple living, especially your opinion on different lifestyles. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Less Is More The minimalist lifestyle, encompassing various efforts and practices to simplify lifestyles, has become popular for many people nowadays. Different from a life forced into poverty, simple living is a voluntary choice of reducing possessions as much as we can while keeping just the necessities. Such a simple life is all about the personal satisfaction of what we have rather than the ambitions of getting more. Although in the philosophical sense, the minimalist lifestyle may more or less reflect the Stoicism that advocates refusing to be controlled by our desires or beaten by the fear of pain, it is still practiced by a huge number of adherents because of its great contribution to improving life quality.Away from frequent expenditures, the time and the money saved can be used to pursue other interests. Also, simple living saves us from indulgence and redundant work, which will bring us higher efficiency in actions and better concentration on thinking. Like Diogenes settled in a clay wine jar and spoke nothing but the truth, a simplified living environment provides us with more energy to focus on real important courses in life. Excerpt 2 The Other Side of a Simple Life Indeed the simplicity that the minimalist lifestyle brings us has made our life easy and efficient. Yet getting rid of things may subconsciously become a habit and invisibly influence our character. Since we try to be accustomed to detachments in the process of leading a simple life, the emotional bond we have with this old stuff is abandoned, too. As time passes by, it's hard to hold off the invasion of loneliness without these bonds. From a bigger picture, while simple living can minimize our material needs in life and therefore provide us with more space and time, it is not a welcomed guest in the social development. With everything tossed out by the owner, the attachment between emotions and the materials has gone. Therefore, if the minimalist lifestyle gained significant popularity in our society, then the consumption would probably start to decrease exponentially. By then, the social production may encounter an awkward situation. One thing that may be ignored about the minimalist lifestyle is its practicability in our real life. This seemingly simple living is actually based on a clear and convenient life model, which by no means fits everyone. 审题⽴意 极简主义是崇尚⾃由的⽣活⽅式。追求低调朴素的物质享受，将 主要精⼒集中于特定⽅向，⽽不会被复杂的⽣活环境所扰乱。极简主 义的⽣活⽅式表现在⽣活中的⽅⽅⾯⾯，其推崇者认为通过简单的⽣活，我们能够节省精⼒，从⽽获得更⼤精神上的⾃由。然⽽，有⼈指 出，这种美好的⽣活愿景也不免给⼈以避世之感，不断简化物质的同 时也在缩⼩⼼灵的容量。另外，若是极简主义⽣活⽅式在我们社会中 流⾏开来，对于社会发展也会产⽣影响。对于极简主义⽣活⽅式，考 ⽣持有什么样的态度呢？你是否会选择这样的⽣活⽅式呢？结合材 料，发表⾃⼰的观点。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，极简主义的⽣活⽅式 能提⾼我们的⽣活质量，使我们精⼒集中地应对⽣活中的主要任务； 另⼀⽅⾯，极简主义的⽣活⽅式虽然听起来有清⻛拂⾯之感，但是其 在社会中的可⾏性未必很强。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⽣活本⾝是复杂的，能从纷繁复杂的⽣活中 找到⾃⼰的中⼼，这便是极简⽣活的真谛。 总结观点。极简主义⽣活只是⼀个名词，⽽我们真正的⽣活每 分每秒都是真实的。选择⽣活⽅式是⼀种⾃由，也应该是结合⾃⼰现 实⽣活情况做出的审慎决定。 精彩范⽂ Lead an Abundant Simple Life Recently, the minimalist lifestyle has gained popularity in our society. There are a bunch of reasons that account for it which include the rapid development of society and a flood of various social activities with the advanced network technology, and so on. Many people are trying to escape from the complex living environment by leading a simple life. While a minimalist lifestyle is to keep us from the unnecessary activities, it is not as practical as we wish because of our social attributes. As far as I am concerned, the minimalist lifestyle is a very good life model. Yet it issupposed to be more of a spiritual status than a material condition. (Viewpoint) Firstly, a minimalist lifestyle is valuable in the modern era. (Topic sentence) Leading a tense and quick life, many modern people find it hard to announce the endorsement of their own intentions in life. A minimalist lifestyle helps us focus upon the important tasks in our life and protects us from being pestered by incongruous mixtures. Living a simple life is creating a wonderland for our mind. Secondly, we shouldn't be trapped in the minimalist idea when trying to live a simple life. (Topic sentence) A minimalist lifestyle is not a competition. The purpose of leading a simple life is to make ourselves relaxed in life. Therefore, the center issue of the minimalist lifestyle should not be how many items we have thrown away or whether we have really achieved the ultimate simplicity, which would digress from the true meaning of a minimalist lifestyle. Be you an adherent of minimalists or hoarders, a comfortable life in which your heart can be soothed is the most important point. The minimalist lifestyle is well worth trying. (Conclusion) The effort to make life simpler and more concentrated is never futile. Surely, no way of living can reach the acme of perfection, yet compared with life in a muddle, the minimalist lifestyle is a good choice. 主题词汇 极简主义者 minimalist n. ⼀束；⼀群；⼀堆 a bunch of 表达对 的⽀持 announce the endorsement of …… 纠缠；烦扰 pester vt. 不协调的 incongruous adj. 偏离 digress from 安慰 soothe vt.⽆⽤的；徒劳的 futile adj. ⼗全⼗美 the acme of perfection ⼀塌糊涂 in a muddle 亮点句式 There are a bunch of reasons that account for it which include the rapid development of society and a flood of various social activities with the advanced network technology, and so on. 【译⽂】 （极简⽣活主义受到欢迎）原因有很多，其中包括社会 的快速发展以及由先进的⽹络技术所带来的泛滥的社交活动等。 【分析】 句中的 意 there are a bunch of reasons that account for... 为 的产⽣有很多原因 ，该句型属于常⽤句型，适合⽤于作⽂的 “…… ” 开头部分阐述某种情况的原因。Essay 046 关于追星 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about idolaters in our society, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the idolaters, especially your opinion on the influence of an idol. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Power of Icon Worship Nearly in everyone's life, there's someone who is special even though this one has never really got involved in our life. The idols are playing such roles in common people's life. Despite the weal and woe in life, we are not lonely since there's always someone we can follow and get energy from. Idolaters are a group of people who give huge attention to a certain celebrity. The synonyms for idolaters like fans or even diehard fans are very common in modern society, especially in the teenage groups and college groups. They focus on their idols' life and career closely and always try to know more about them. The great power of icon worship has been shown clearly in our society nowadays.For these young and innocent students who have very limited life experiences, the idols are their models. Seeing the vigorous images of their idols and learning about their idols' legendary life, the young people are inspired to improve themselves to be better persons. Also, the various obstacles and setbacks these stars have been through are of great educational meaning to young people. Learning from the idols, the idolaters become stronger. Excerpt 2 Be Lost and Unrealistic Having an idol does have a positive influence on one's life. Yet being obsessed with the idols and losing oneself is miserable. The sad stories of diehard fans are not fresh in our society. It's common to get excited when thinking of meeting our idols. But it's not normal to think about the idols all the time or immerse in the endless illusions. Worshipping idols may also increase the risk of losing confidence. Focusing on the idols' life on screen which is usually gorgeous and attractive, idolaters are easy to be dissatisfied with real life circumstances and begin to doubt their own abilities and fate. And when their negative emotions arise, confusions towards life emerge. With time passing by, these idolaters will easily become frustrated by their real and plain life. The worst part is that many people are worshipping their icons so blindly that they imitate their idols. The celebrities are also human beings. They are not saints and morally blameless. Therefore, it's totally absurd when someone's trying to follow every step of his or her idols. 审题⽴意 随着娱乐产业的迅猛发展，偶像艺⼈如⾬后春笋⼀般出现。追星 也成为我们社会中⼗分普遍的现象。但是社会上对追星的⾏为⼀直是 褒贬不⼀。总体来讲，是批判⼤于认可。在追星的群体中，年轻⼈， 尤其是学⽣居多。这些正处在纯真年纪的孩⼦们沉醉于⾃⼰对偶像的 美好幻想中。⼀⽅⾯，有了榜样的⼒量，他们希望⾃⼰能变得更好；但是另⼀⽅⾯，许多年轻⼈追星狂热，导致⾃⼰沉迷幻想⽽脱离现 实，这样的追星⾏为严重影响了他们的学习与⽣活。每个⼈都有⾃⼰ ⼼中的偶像，也会或多或少地在⽣活中受到偶像的影响。对于追星， 考⽣持有什么态度呢？结合材料，表达⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，追星的积极影响使我 们更加开朗，我们也能够以偶像为榜样，从⽽不断提升⾃⼰；另⼀⽅ ⾯，盲⽬追星会沉迷幻想，迷失⾃我。 发表⾃⼰的观点。对偶像的喜欢与崇拜是⼈⼈都会有的正常情 感，但是，我们的喜欢应该是略带深度且有所节制的。 总结观点。追星本⾝⽆可厚⾮，不过，盲⽬追星不值得提倡。 追星族应该正视明星本⾝也是⼀份职业，明星也是普通⼈，不要将其 ⽆限美化，甚⾄神化。 精彩范⽂ To Be a Rational Fan The controversy about whether the icon worship influences one's life in a positive way or in a negative way has been around for a long time in our society. Supporters claim that the celebrities are not only the icons on screen, but also the spiritual light that shines on us inside. Yet the opponents have witnessed the blind worship towards stars and they consider that idolaters are easy to focus on the glamorous things and gripe about their real life. From my opinion, having an idol is nothing worth a controversy. But chasing blindly after idols does impact our life. (Viewpoint) The very first thing about icon worshipping is not to put your idols on pedestals or to admire them blindly. (Topic sentence) Never ever be someone who can be deceived by appearance. The influence of an idol is only positive when your idol is not only glamorous, but also a person ofintegrity. We shall not flip our lid when we are following our idols. The passion we give to the icons is in exchange with the power of self- improving. Secondly, temperance is necessary in all kinds of emotions. (Topic sentence) The energy and time in life are limited for everyone. And if too much attention has been paid to the idols, less shall be paid to leading our own life. Idols are like the fitful gleam of stars. They come to our life at night sometimes to soothe us, but we ourselves are the sun that shines in our life. In all, the influence of icons may vary from person to person. Yet no matter how much we worship a person, we still have a life which needs our own effort to lead. After all, we are unique and we have to be ourselves. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 理性的 rational adj. 争议 controversy n. 偶像；象征物 icon n. 精神上的 spiritual adj. 追星者，偶像崇拜者 idolater n. 富有魅⼒的 glamorous adj. 抱怨 gripe about 将某⼈奉若神明 put/place sb. on a pedestal 失去⾃制⼒ flip one's lid ⼀阵阵的 fitful adj. 微光 gleam n. 亮点句式The very first thing about icon worshipping is not to put your idols on pedestals or to admire them blindly. 【译⽂】 关于偶像崇拜，需要注意的第⼀件事就是不要把你的偶 像奉若神明，盲⽬地去崇拜。 【分析】 为固定短语，本意为 将某⼈放 put/place sb. on a pedestal “ 在（神像的）基座上 ，也就是说将某⼈视作理想⼈物，奉若神明。该 ” 句也可以灵活使⽤，⽐如 表达梦想⾄上之意 put dreams on a pedestal 等。Essay 047 跟团游 ⾃助游 vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the self-service tour and the package tour, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the two types of tours, especially your opinion on which one is better. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Package Tour Saves Trouble With the great improvement of life conditions and the rapid development of social economy, travelling has become one of the most popular activities in our society. People arrange their tour plans with different methods to enjoy a good holiday time. A package tour that is organized by the travel agencies and in which a tourist travels with a group of other tourists is one of the best ways. Many people today choose the package tour to save troubles that they may get into when travelling on their own. Travel agencies, as the professional organizations that arrange travelling affairs, have complete knowledge about the destinations, the accommodations, the traffics, etc. in the travelling. Therefore, for individual tourists, choosing a package touravoids unnecessary troubles and time wasting. In addition, the experienced tour guide will deliver the detailed introduction of the tourist destinations to us as well as take care of our wellbeing during the trip. Moreover, a package tour means you are going to travel with a group of people who are also looking forward to enjoying and exploring new cultures just like you, which will not only add fun to the trip but also provide chances for you to make more friends. Excerpt 2 Self-Service Tour Brings Best Views Self-service tour, or the private tour, has become a hot travelling way recently. Individual tourist plans the journey and begins sightseeing all by himself or herself. They design their own travel routes and spend as much time as they can at a spot without being urged by the tour guide. With the good infrastructure, tourists can literally make plans for any destination. A self-service tour has totally realized free explorations and sightseeing. Compared with a package tour, the private tour satisfies the preference of the tourists most. We get to make our own travel itinerary and set priorities on where to spend time and money. However, a tour group will try to cover as many sites as possible in their route to attract tourists, which will naturally bring the feeling of hurry. An individual tour has become one of the biggest trends in tourism industry. Nowadays, the private tour represents the pursuit of personal space and complete relaxation. And we can travel in the way we like without being disturbed by others. It can protect both privacy and tranquility. 审题⽴意 旅⾏作为当代社会的重要活动，已经呈现出多样发展的趋势。跟 团游和⾃助游都已经成为主要的旅⾏⽅式，各⾃以其优势吸引着众多 游客。跟团旅⾏的时候，游客不必⾃⼰制订出⾏计划或是费⼼安排⾷ 宿，也能在旅游过程中受到保护与照顾。个⼈出游的时候，游客可以获得更⼤的⾃由空间，随⼼安排时间与路线。综合说来，两种出游⽅ 式各有千秋。考⽣可结合材料，表达⾃⼰的观点。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，跟团旅游为我们提供 便捷舒适的旅⾏体验。另⼀⽅⾯，个⼈出游⾃由⾃在，不必担⼼时间 的安排。 发表⾃⼰的观点。两种旅⾏⽅式各有其利弊。选择哪种⽅式旅 游，取决于旅⾏⽬的地的情况以及我们的个⼈情况。 总结观点。两种旅⾏⽅式可以交替使⽤。根据旅⾏过程中的实 际情况，灵活选择即可。 精彩范⽂ Make Your Own Holiday Brochure With fast economic growth in our society, travelling has become increasingly popular during holidays. More and more people choose to travel to spend their holiday time. Yet whether to travel in a package tour or manage a private tour has triggered different responses. Some people see the package tour as a prefect way to travel since it prepares everything for tourists and saves troubles in the journey. Other people are inclined to think that a private tour gives them the freedom in time arrangement and money distributions. In my opinion, which way is better for having a great holiday time depends on the personal abilities and the conditions of the destination. (Viewpoint) Firstly, both a package tour and a private tour have their own advantages and disadvantages. (Topic sentence) Package tour serves tourists carefully and thoroughly. What's more, with the tour guide who has kissed the blarney stone introducing the sites, tourists will definitely learn more knowledge. For a private tour, the tourists get to make their own schedule and set priorities according to their own preference for different tourist sites. Yet on the other hand, the package tour is limited in visitingtime while the private tour is easy for the tourists to encounter troubles caused by oversight. A terse suggestion on how to choose the best travelling way is to delve into the tourist destinations in advance. (Topic sentence) The decision of setting our own pace in travelling is made on the condition that we are confident in handling the troubles that will inevitably occur in a trip. If we are not sure if we can manage by ourselves, then it is better to book a package tour. In all, the pursuit of pleasure and comfort in human society is eternal. For travelling, a careful plan should be made beforehand in case of going on a sleeveless errand. (Conclusion) Therefore, research as much as you can before you make a travel plan next time. 主题词汇 假期⼿册 holiday brochure 快速的经济增⻓ fast economic growth （巧⾔⽯）相传吻此⽯头后会变得花⾔巧语 the blarney stone 由于疏忽 by oversight 深⼊研究 delve into 不可避免地 inevitably adv. ⽩⽩受累 go on a sleeveless errand 亮点句式 Other people are inclined to think that a private tour gives them the freedom in time arrangement and money distributions. 【译⽂】 其他⼈则倾向于认为，个⼈出游在时间安排和⾦钱分配 上都更加⾃由。【分析】 意为 倾向于做某事 ，该结构可以⽤ be inclined to do sth. “ ” 在作⽂的开头部分，阐述材料中所给的观点。Essay 048 关于图书馆的未来 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the future of libraries, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards libraries, especially your opinion on what the libraries will be like in the future. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Immense Online Library Getting rid of the heavy paper carriers, information nowadays can be accessible to everyone via the Internet. Thanks to highly developed technology, human society has officially entered a new era in which booming knowledge is spreading widely and quickly every day. Searching for online resources is both convenient and fast. Libraries may have lost the dominating role in the public information system. People brought paper notebooks to libraries in the old days to write down the information they want, whereas nowadays more and more people are turning to computers, smart phones or any mobile devices with network and searching engines for help when they need to get some information.Even the smallest device with a web browser can bring a reserve of knowledge that is vast and diverse enough to rival that of a whole library. With the world going digital, libraries are constantly evolving. It was unthinkable to see a library without books in the past. However, the trend seems unstoppable and inevitable nowadays. During the process, we cannot help but wondering if the existence of libraries is still necessary when it turns into another collection of online resources. Excerpt 2 The Irreplaceable Habitat of Mind The bricks-and-mortar libraries have always been the symbols of the cultural level of a certain place. The library is not only the storage of books and resources. It has been regarded as the brilliant presentation of public benefits, as a place for citizens to focus on learning. Sitting in a corner of a library and surrounded by the whole shelves of books, the readers get to enjoy the peaceful and tranquil reading time. The quietness and calmness in the library imperceptibly alleviates the mental stress of those who read there. Being in the library is a totally different experience than searching for online resources which is usually accompanied with distractions that keep the readers away from their original searching intentions. The library is going to become the sanctuary in which modern people get to escape from the turmoil in the fast paced society and enjoy the reading time. Surely, libraries will change with the emerging needs of the readers. Nevertheless, the paper books and the substantial existence of a library will still maintain its significant position in the future. 审题⽴意 随着⽹络技术的不断发展，在线资源的获取既⽅便⼜快捷，与过 去图书馆⼈潮汹涌相⽐，现在越来越多的⼈开始转向⽹络资源。在这 种社会形势下，很多⼈认为，如果图书馆最终成为另⼀个在线资源 库，那么公共资⾦是否有必要继续⽀持其实体存在是值得我们思考的问题。但是另⼀⽅⾯，图书馆不仅仅是图书的天堂，它更是⼀个城市 历史⽂化的地标性建筑。对公众来说，随着⽣活被⽹络的纷扰所环 绕，图书馆更是成了难得的宁静之地。对于图书馆的未来，考⽣是如 何看待的呢？结合材料发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，有⼈认为图书馆会随 着⽹络资源的不断冲击⽽衰落。另⼀⽅⾯，还有⼈认为，不论⽹络如 何发展，图书馆的坚固地位不会受到影响。 发表⾃⼰的观点。图书馆⼀直会在社会中拥有⼀席之地，但是 为了保持吸引⼒，未来的图书馆也势必要与时俱进。 总结观点。不同时代发展有其不同的趋势，图书馆当然也要做 出⼀些改变以适应读者需求。但是图书馆代表着⼀种社会情怀，这使 得它的存在意义重⼤。 精彩范⽂ My Opinion on the Future of Libraries Nowadays, the Internet has exerted a huge influence over the life of modern people, bringing dramatic changes to our life from almost every aspect. Inevitably, libraries as the basic public places are not immune from the influence of the Internet. People are divided on the future of libraries against a backdrop of highly developed technology. Some are panicky with the threatening of Internet and consider libraries will face the recession in the future since knowledge resources are easier to be found online. Others argue that the library is a quiet and serious place that is elegant and shall never lose its social position. To my mind, the future of libraries is bright. (Viewpoint) Firstly, the development of information technology would not be a threat to the libraries, but a helping hand instead. (Topic sentence) Although the function of the library seems to be challenged by the risingpower of Internet, it has also penetrated the mystery of a future library. To satisfy the readers' need maximally, the libraries are supposed to provide both online and off line resources. Being complementary to the existing function of a traditional library, the digital function that the Internet has been endowed with would make the library become the most comprehensive and authoritative knowledge vault. Secondly, a library means a lot to a real reader. It serves not only as a place to enjoy a quiet and delightful reading time, but also as a spiritual home to him or her. (Topic sentence) One can definitely browse a reading website and read a book online, but he or she will be deprived of the comfort of roaming the stacks in a spacious, cozy library room. In modern times, knowledge without Internet technology can be impotent. However, we human beings will not become barbarous readers in the turbulent Internet era. No matter how the technology develops, the library resembles a mental tour that is carefully ordered, pleasant and powerful. Based on the above reasons, I believe that libraries are going to embrace another acme with the help of the Internet instead of being withered. (Conclusion) Library is important for society since it has already been the representation of not only knowledge, but also ethos. 主题词汇 在 背景之下 against a backdrop of …… 惊慌的 panicky adj. 衰退 recession n. 揭⽰ 的秘密 penetrate the mystery of …… 知识库 knowledge vault 野蛮的；粗俗的 barbarous adj. 类似；像 resemble vt. 亮点句式In modern times, knowledge without Internet technology can be impotent. 【译⽂】 如今，没有⽹络科技⽀持的知识是⽆⼒的。 【分析】 ⽹络作为当今社会中的重要⼒量，与众多话题息息相 关。可以说，没有⽹络技术的⽀持，任何信息、观点都是⽆⼒的。因 此， 这⼀表达可以常⽤。 ...without technology can be impotentEssay 049 关于红包 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the red envelope money, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the ownership of the red envelope money, especially your opinion on whether parents should keep it for their children. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Good Wishes for Kids Although referred to by many different names, the substance of red envelope money is about an envelope filled with cash. Sponsored by adults and received by children, red envelope money has long been a traditional activity during the Spring Festival in China. The Spring Festival is especially attractive to children because they get to receive the red envelope money. The money they get can be freely used to meet their wishes. Red is a symbol of prosperity in Chinese culture. The money in the red envelope aims to pass the wealth and affection to the kids. As the tokens of good fortune and blessings for the coming year, theamount of money in the red envelope is not strictly limited, but only to show the sincere wish of a happy and healthy growth to the kids. As the intended recipients, the children now get to break the normal supervision of their parents to manage the lucky money. By managing the red envelope money themselves, the kids can not only feel respected, but also have a genuine knowledge of what they can do with money, and therefore form the primary outlook on money. Excerpt 2 Good Use of the Money Every lunar year, numerous children receive the good wishes from adults and usually get their red envelope money. Although legally the red envelope money is the personal property of the kids, the immature children who usually lack the ability to manage their money can fail to be a good money keeper and user. Adults give red envelope money to kids in the hope that they become better in every way. However, lots of kids have failed it. In addition, if we explore the red envelope money to its intrinsic meaning, the red envelope is actually the reciprocation activity between adults under many circumstances since they are the direct payers. What's more, they give other people's children the red envelope money in return based on how much their kids receive. In fact, the money paid by the adults is where the red envelope money begins. Moreover, parents pay for the education and life of their kids that include not only the basic food and shelter, but also the allowances. It's reasonable to say that parents pay everything for the kids. Therefore, the red envelope money that a kid receives should be kept by their parents and of course, parents will make good use of it for the sake of their kid. 审题⽴意 红包，通常也被称为压岁钱，是新春时节⻓辈们给⼩孩的钱。红 包象征着美好的祝愿，通常是代表⾝体健康、⼀切顺利的祝福。如 今，春节期间⼤⼈依然给孩⼦发红包。但是，在孩⼦收到的红包应该归家⻓所有还是孩⼦所有的问题上，⼤家众说纷纭。有⼈认为孩⼦对 红包有直接使⽤权；还有⼈认为家⻓才是真正为红包买单的⼈，⽽且 家⻓要负责孩⼦⽣活中的花销，所以红包都应该归家⻓所有。考⽣作 为当事⼈，如何看待这个问题呢？结合材料，发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，有⼈认为，红包既然 赠给孩⼦们，就应该归孩⼦所有。另⼀⽅⾯，还有⼈认为，很多孩⼦ 不能合理利⽤⾦钱，同时家⻓们负责孩⼦的⽇常花销，因此红包应该 归家⻓所有。 发表⾃⼰的观点。个⼈认为，红包应该归孩⼦所有。即便孩⼦ 年幼，家⻓们也要征得孩⼦的同意，才能为其保管。 总结观点。红包的所属权问题在⼀定程度上也反映着家⻓对孩 ⼦的尊重程度，家⻓们不能独断专⾏。 精彩范⽂ The Controversy about the Ownership of the Red Envelope Money The ownership of the red envelope money has aroused hot discussion among the public. Generally, there are two different views. When one side considers the children should be entitled to the money since they are the reason why the red envelope money exists, the other side assumes that parents are supposed to have the money because they are paying for not only the reciprocal red envelope money, but also the kids' life. So far as I am concerned, the red envelope money belongs to the kids. (Viewpoint) Firstly, good wishes and respect should be given to the kids. (Topic sentence) Not being allowed to have their gifts will push the kids to a servile condition in which they may begin to bear resentment against their parents. The divergences on the red envelope money may be just the little rift within the lute, yet the inherent contradiction is about respect and thefinancial autonomy. If parents become the repugnant character in the kid's life, no great family education can be expected. Secondly, deliberations with kids are necessary on the use of the red envelope money. (Topic sentence) Even if the kids are not capable of making good use of the money for now, parents need to keep the money and give it back to the kids in the future. For instance, some parents would choose to deposit the money into a bank account and save it as the education fees for the kids. Or if the parents are afraid that their kids cannot use the money properly, they can help their kids make good use of it. In all, there's no reason for parents to keep the money at their own will. (Conclusion) Equality and respect is urgently needed in families, especially in Chinese families. No matter how much parents love their kids, they should realize that the kids are independent human beings with their own emotions and rights. 主题词汇 被奴役的状态 servile condition 怨恨 bear resentment against 最初的分歧 little rift within the lute 内在⽭盾 inherent contradiction 财政独⽴ financial autonomy 令⼈讨厌的 repugnant adj. 亮点句式 The ownership of the red envelope money has aroused hot discussion among the public. 【译⽂】 红包的所属权问题引发了公众的热烈讨论。 【分析】 是常⽤句式，⽤ ...has aroused hot discussion among public 在句⾸引出话题，意为 引发了公众的热烈讨论 。 “…… ”Essay 050 ⾦钱之⽤ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the value of money, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards money, especially your opinion on its role in our life. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Assurance for Life Money is an elusive topic yet always has alluring magic in our society. Usually, money as the reward for hard work and excellent ability is always linked with success. Also, the acknowledgement on its importance and influence is quite clear in our society. Money frees us from worrying about basic needs and therefore plays an essential role for a good living. No one can deny that money is a major incentive in most occupations nowadays. It's hard to imagine a man with no food and shelter being able to fully devote to the progress of society. Furthermore, money influences manners. Leading a life with endless poverty and always struggling to meet the basic needs is painful. Weakfinancial conditions for life are like smaller clothes for a man, no matter how hard he tries, he just cannot put them on. Among the many elements that contribute to the sense of safety in life, money is a significant one. Whether we admit it or not, mental activities are based on the satisfaction of biological needs. Without money, dreams are easily becoming unrealistic illusions. Excerpt 2 The Source of Evil It is tacitly assumed that money plays a very important role in our society. However, the influence of money can not only be positive, but also be quite shocking and worrisome. Money is the most tempting illusion which leads people to believe that the true meaning of life can only be found with the help of wealth. Sometimes money confuses us so much that we forget that human beings are the collection of a series of factors like health, affections, as well as love rather than only material needs. Money is supposed to free us from suffering. Yet people get fettered by the fondness of money. Some lose their relaxations in life to be the ardent follower of money; some sacrifice their consciousness to pursue money; some cease their spiritual aspirations to seek the comfortable material life that is brought by money. Moreover, many acclaim that the pursuit of making more money actually keeps them energetic and aspired. People who only focus on money can easily receive wrong signals about their own value and abilities. With or without money, they are not after their hearts. And when a sudden realization is evoked, they shall see money is not strong enough to make up the loophole of what they lose in pursuing money. Except for our basic needs to maintain a living, life is not shaped by the external conditions as much as by the inner pursuit. 审题⽴意 钱 ，总是带给我们太多的思考。⾦钱作为在物资与服务交换中 “ ” 充当等价物的特殊存在，能保证我们的⽣活需求，是我们⽣活的基础。我们经常能听到 有钱能使⿁推磨 贫穷限制了我的想象 之类的 “ ”“ ” 话语。这些话听起来虽然有些荒诞，却也引⼈深思。⾦钱在我们的⽣ 活中⾄关重要，不可或缺。但是另⼀⽅⾯，⼀⼼追求⾦钱的⼈⽣是没 有乐趣的。很多⼈在追逐财富的过程中迷失了⽅向，虽然家财万贯， 但仍觉空虚，⼈⽣的意义变得模糊不清。正如培根所说： ⾦钱是善 “ 仆，也是恶主。 考⽣对于⾦钱持有什么看法呢？结合材料，发表⾃⼰ ” 的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，⾦钱对于我们的重要 性不可否认。另⼀⽅⾯，很多⼈在对⾦钱的追求中迷失了⾃我。 发表⾃⼰的观点。我们要善于成为⾦钱的主⼈，⽽不能被其蒙 蔽双眼，我们要不断提升⾃⼰，贡献社会。 总结观点。⽣活中的⼀切追求都应该为我们的幸福服务，⾝外 之物，够⽤即可。 精彩范⽂ Not to Be a Slave of Money Money is an eternal topic in human society and has made so many people prostrate themselves before it and become a slave to it. While some treasure money and take it as an angel, others see it with a look of disdain. On the one hand, money as the means of payment for goods and service is of fundamental importance to our life. However, money also bewitches human beings and turns life into a huge abyss. Personally speaking, money is supposed to refine our life, not define us. In fact, our attitude towards money reflects who we are. (Viewpoint) Firstly, there is nothing wrong with our intention to seek fame and fortune. Yet such motivation should not be the ultimate power that supports us in a whole lifetime. (Topic sentence) Money as the guarantee of the livelihood is needed by everyone. No one can brag about how greathis spiritual pursuits are without satisfying the basic biological needs. Yet as time elapses, the gold we hoard will become less valuable than the nourishment for minds. Cliché as it is, the meaning of life is far more than money. As Henry David Thoreau has pointed out for us, “Most of the luxuries and many of the so-called comforts of life are not only not indispensable, but positive hindrances to the elevation of mankind.” Secondly, what we are talking about is human nature when we talk about money. It's absurd to blame gold or currency. (Topic sentence) Money is not responsible for our internal makeup. We are only fooled by ourselves. Nothing's nobler in the hypocrisy of a pretend simple life. Nothing's proud about not giving a sod to money. All we are talking about is pursuing more besides money. Do wrestle with the temptations of endless self-enjoyment and contribute some to society that protects your wellbeing. Money serves our higher pursuit. (Conclusion) After all the worldly experience and adventures, we will finally realize that money makes us delighted only when our spiritual needs are satisfied. 主题词汇 俯伏在地；拜倒 prostrate oneself 对 施魔法；蛊惑 bewitch vt. …… 深渊 abyss n. 役使，使 成为奴⾪ enslave vt. …… 追求名利 seek fame and fortune （时间）流逝 elapse vi. 积蓄 hoard vt. 陈词滥调 cliché n. 伪善；虚伪 hypocrisy n. 毫不在乎；漠不关⼼ not give a sod 抵挡，全⼒对付 wrestle with亮点句式 Personally speaking, money is supposed to refine our life, not define us. 【译⽂】 个⼈认为，⾦钱应该提升我们的⽣活，⽽⾮限定我们。 【分析】 此句改编⾃美国作家陆可铎的名句 Let your failures refine 意为 让失败磨练你，⽽⾮限定你 ，在写作中，我 you, not define you. “ ” 们经常可以改写这句话，如： Let others' voices refine you, not define 等，考⽣可以根据作⽂话题，灵活运⽤。 you.Essay 051 ⽂物古迹有⽆重建的必要性？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on cultural relics, and then write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the reconstruction of cultural relics, especially your opinion on its necessity and feasibility. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Continuation of Civilization Recently, the intense fire at Notre Dame de Paris has grieved the world. It has not only destroyed the historical wealth of French people, but also caused great damage to world civilization. Cultural relics as the reservation of history possess significant position in the human world. Therefore, the reconstruction of cultural relics is always an important topic all around the world. To give reconstruction to cultural relics refers to the material reappearance of the cultural relics and historical sites whose original existence was lost. With earthquakes, wars and even many unexpected threats, a number of cultural relics worldwide have been damaged. And we have lost some of them permanently. The duties are ours to rebuild these cultural relics since we are closer to these lost relics than future generations.Reconstructing the cultural relics with modern technology is of great significance to the continuation of human civilization. Besides the valuable historical meaning, the reconstruction of cultural relics is also vital for the regional economy. In an era with strong tourism enthusiasm, the historical resources like cultural relics are equivalent to a gold mine. Excerpt 2 Reconstruction or New Construction? Although all the social members cherish the unique cultural relics, not everyone agrees on the reconstruction projects of cultural relics. The skeptical voices are mainly about the level of similarity between the original construction and the reconstructed one. Technically speaking, the reconstruction process of cultural relics would definitely cover various factors that may include the reference from the historical materials, the understanding of the designer, and the limitations of current technology and so on. With all these changing and uncertain factors, it's very hard to ensure a high resemblance between the old building and the reconstructed one. And if the reconstruction had finally turned out to be the new construction that follows the pattern of old cultural relics, how can we expect to attach more historical value to it than the pictures or models. With the doubts and uncertainties, many people begin to question if the large amount of money and labor for these reconstructed projects are really necessary. After all, there are tons of public projects awaiting in line for the money. 审题⽴意 ⽂物古迹作为⼈类历史的⻅证有着极强的⽂化意义和社会意义。 ⽽如今，随着天灾⼈祸等多种因素的影响，很多⽂物古迹遭到破坏， 有些甚⾄已经消失。针对这⼀现象，⽂物古迹的重建问题就成为热点 话题。有⼈认为⽂物古迹的重建是很有必要的，这是对我们历史财产的重现，也是⽂明的存续。反对之声则主要来源于对重建成品的质 疑，认为照着葫芦画瓢⽆法真正达到理想的⽂物古迹重现效果，同 时，在重建⽅⾯所消耗的⼤量⼈⼒、物⼒本可以⽤来建设更多的⺠⽣ ⼯程。针对这些不同的观点，考⽣如何看待⽂物古迹重建的问题呢？ 结合材料，发表观点。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，⽂物古迹重建是历史 ⽂明的存续。另⼀⽅⾯，重建效果是否能够达标也是主要问题。 发表⾃⼰的观点。对于⼈类⽂化遗产的保存与延续是我们义不 容辞的责任。个⼈认为，重建的意图绝对⽆可厚⾮，⽽重建的技术以 及⽬的是需要我们努⼒和思考的问题。 总结观点。⼈类⽂明的发展与延续过程中本就存在诸多挑战， 我们应该积极努⼒，克服问题，尽全⼒为⼦孙后代留存历史财富。 精彩范⽂ The Necessity of Reconstructing a Cultural Relic Being the victims of natural and man-made disasters, today many cultural relics have been damaged seriously and some have even vanished from our society forever. Facing the problems of the reconstruction of cultural relics has become a hot debate issue. Some agree to the suggestion of reconstructing cultural relics by acclaiming that it's the efficient way to reserve civilization and should be done without even momentary delays, while others propose that the reconstruction costs a huge number of money and there's no guarantee for the reconstructed product. Based on the above opinions, the reconstruction of cultural relics is definitely necessary in modern society and we must pay more attention to the reconstruction technology and its reconstruction purposes. (Viewpoint) On the one hand, our behaviors in protecting the historical wealth directly influence the future generation. (Topic sentence) The difficultiesand obstacles are commonly seen in the whole developing process of human civilization and our generation cannot just skip the problems by giving up the reconstructions. The problems are not stop signs but the guidelines. The reconstruction of cultural relics is no doubt the tonic on restoring the historical sites we have lost for good. On the other hand, we must treat the reconstruction projects and the reconstruction plan discreetly. (Topic sentence) To avoid the waste of money, we must comprehensively evaluate the reconstruction of a certain cultural relic. Also, it's necessary to learn about the history of a reconstructing project before rebuilding and be aware that the reconstruction is not a temporary expedient. What's more, the tourism purpose and the historical purpose must be balanced in a reconstruction project. It's the duty of both the government and the social members to give as much effort as we can to ensure a successful reconstruction. In all, cultural relics are able to convulse the national history. The potency of cultural relics is big enough to reflect history and carry history. To deplete our strength in protecting and reconstructing the cultural relics is a basic tenet in keeping history alive. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 短暂耽搁 momentary delay 补药 tonic n. 谨慎地 discreetly adv. 权宜之计 expedient n. 撼动；震动 convulse vt. 影响⼒；效⼒ potency n. 竭尽全⼒ deplete one's strength 基本原则 basic tenet 亮点句式The problems are not stop signs but the guidelines. 【译⽂】 问题不是休⽌符，⽽是⻛向标。 【分析】 这句话的应⽤范围很⼴，在各种题材的作⽂中都可以使 ⽤，可以⽤来表明眼前遇到的困难和阻碍并不能阻⽌我们的前进，这 些问题应该成为我们下⼀步发展的铺垫。Essay 052 ⼴告的影响 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the advertisement in our daily life, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards advertisement, especially your opinion on its influence over our life. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Pamphlets in the New Era Typically adopted by businesses to promote their products or services, advertisements are the most efficient ways to spread product or service information nowadays. Ingenious advertisements are attracting numerous audiences through various mass media like newspapers, televisions, websites, etc. To fully illustrate the functions of advertisements, we may describe them as the bridge that conveys the intentions of the advertisers to the audiences. Specifically, commercial advertisements as the most significant marketing way have helped producers to attract potential customers and at the same time helped customers see different products for them to make better choices. Except for the commercial purpose, the advertisements havealso contributed a lot in the construction of public spirit. Numerous charity advertisements evoke noble sentiments in humanities and bring the positive social atmosphere. Besides their immense influence, advertisements have earned their positions in modern culture. Along with the social process, the advertising culture reflects the social changes by coordinating the designs and the underlying aesthetic needs of the public. Excerpt 2 Breathe the Air Full of Advertisements Although advertisements are playing an important role in helping the public to know about products or services that we need, they have negative impact on our life. To speak without exaggeration, nearly every social member is suffering from the flooding of huge amount of advertising information unconsciously every day. One of the most common problems about advertising is the gap between a real product and its beautiful presentation in the advertisements. Sometimes, the comparison between huge number of money spent on advertising and the lousy quality of the products can be an object of universal derision. Also, some advertising designs deliberately add the distorted adaption of our culture to the advertisements to impress audiences. The subconscious influence of such advertisements is worrisome considering their frequent appearance in our life. Nowadays, you might often think yourself almost drowned in advertisements and commercials. The abducting type of advertising is forcing audiences to spend time on the advertisements despite their own unwillingness. The flooding advertisements are also impacting the public taste. By catering to our aesthetic needs, the advertisements are actually imposing on us the intentions of different advertisers. 审题⽴意⼴告，指⾯向⼤众群体进⾏的宣传活动。⼴告有多种多样的类型 和形式。⼴告商通过别出⼼裁的设计将各种各样的信息透过视觉、听 觉等多种形式传播给观众，以达到其宣传效果。如今，⼴告的存在已 经不仅仅是⼀种⼿段。它甚⾄已经成为⼀种社会⽂化，影响着我们的 意识形态。有⼈曾经略带夸张地说我们每天呼吸的是空⽓和⼴告。由 此，有⼈认为，⼴告⽆形中给我们灌输着消费、享乐等快餐类的⽂ 化。考⽣对于⼴告是如何看待的呢？结合材料，发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，⼴告作为当今社会重 要的宣传⼿段和经济营销途径，不可或缺。另⼀⽅⾯，⼴告铺天盖 地，⻥⻰混杂，⼈们深受其扰，再加上有些⼴告与实物不符，给消费 者带来了不愉快的购物体验。 发表⾃⼰的观点。鉴于⼴告对社会的重要影响，我们不能⼀概 否认其存在与发展，但是社会要对⼴告的质量进⾏把控，以期在最⼤ 程度上发挥其正⾯作⽤。 总结观点。⼴告是当今媒体⽂化的⼀种典型代表，充斥于我们 的⽣活中。由于其影响巨⼤，应加以规范。 精彩范⽂ My View on the Gratifying Advertisements Thanks to the booming development of various industries and organizations in our society, advertisements as the most effective way to publicize have found their own bearings in the modern world. We can see endless advertisements simply on television at the flick of a switch or just by picking up our smartphone and opening an app or a website. Yet those riveting advertisements divide people. On the one hand, some appreciate advertising a lot and acknowledge that we owe credit to the various forms of advertisements. On the other hand, many assume that the advertisementstry to inculcate not only the products, but also the values onto the audiences, which usually annoys them. From my point of view, the advertisements are of great importance in modern world and we should make a concerted effort to ensure their good qualities. (Viewpoint) What we need to mention firstly is the power of advertisements. (Topic sentence) Nothing in our history has invaded our life or brain with such a high frequency as advertisements have. Advertisements are greatly influencing people's aesthetic faculties and therefore influencing our culture. If properly designed, advertisements can be the wave that excites the ocean of society. However, the influence of advertisements can be positive as well as negative. (Topic sentence) For example, some advertisements are actually spoiling our culture by writing the character wrongly on purpose to attract the audience. And some embezzle the original meaning of the word in order to impress the viewers with the products or services. Surely, we encourage the creative ideas in advertising. Yet, creative advertising should never be done at the expense of culture. It is not realistic to have a referendum to make a perfect model for advertisements. As one of the most influential media methods, however, advertisements should follow the spirit of upward culture and decrease the adverse impact on the public. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 满意的；令⼈愉悦的 gratifying adj. 找到⾃⼰的定位 find one's own bearings 轻按开关 at the flick of a switch 吸引⼈的 riveting adj. 归功于 owe credit to 反复灌输 inculcate vt. 盗⽤ embezzle vt.以 为代价 at the expense of …… 全⺠公投 referendum n. 亮点句式 Advertisements are greatly influencing people's aesthetic faculties and therefore influencing our culture. 【译⽂】 ⼴告在很⼤程度上影响着⼈们的审美能⼒，进⽽影响着 我们的⽂化。 【分析】 句中的 指 审美能⼒ ，考⽣可以背诵， aesthetic faculties “ ” ⽤在相关话题作⽂中。Essay 053 ⽂学性 可读性 vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on literariness and readability, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards books, especially your opinion on what's the important factor of a good book. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Readability Brings Popularity The question of whether it's the readability or the literary merit of a book that attracts readers may have different answers according to different people. But for most people who don't major in literature, classical style is seldom the first choice. The dense and hard language will definitely set barriers for the readers who want to be immersed into the story. Thus the fun in reading can be easily deprived. According to Amazon, the sales boom of the novel In the Name of the People is the result of its TV adaption. Three months after the TV show, the e-version sales of the novel increased 24 times and the printed copies sales were 12 times more than before. TV adaption as one of the ways to add readability to books is greatly welcomed nowadays.Reading is one of the means of communication. By reading the lines in the book, we get in touch with the authors. We put our feet in their shoes to get a different system of knowledge, experiences, and ideas toward the world and culture. And readability is the primary factor in the reading for it guarantees that we have basic understanding of the text. Excerpt 2 Taste the Original Lines Introduced by the Russian Formalist Roman Jacobson, the term “literariness” was born in 1921. As the great linguist pointed out for us: “The object of a science of literature is not literature, but literariness—that is, that which makes a given work a work of literature.” The literariness is the spirit of art and culture. Just like an ardent reader is willing to pay more to get the hardback edition of a book instead of a paperback, the real appreciation highlights the raw material and the original literariness of a book. Rejecting the disturbing extrinsic influences, the literary appreciation is irrelevant to utilitarianism. The real fun of reading lies in the profound expressions and the just appropriate words. Classics are called real art because their literary merit is not restrained by time or space. And for a masterpiece, even a loss of punctuation can ruin its original tone. Not to mention the version with the intentions of adaptations. Reading is the process of digesting. The real fun in reading is the analysis of language, the taste of figures of speech and the hidden ideas of the author. Time flies, but the great books remain unchanged to show us the light of these great minds. 审题⽴意 本作⽂材料针对⽂学作品的可读性与⽂学性展开。随着社会的发 展，⼈们对于读书的重视程度不断增强。通过读书来怡情养性，对话 先知。可读性较强的书籍能够使⼈轻松代⼊，减少阅读障碍，缩短阅 读时间从⽽加⼤阅读量。⽂学性较强的作品读来犹如⽔穷处看云起，意境悠远。关于这两种书籍的特点，考⽣可以结合⾃⼰的阅读体会， 发表看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点。书籍的可读性与⽂学性。 发表⾃⼰的观点。观点可以是：以肯定阅读为基调，针对不同 的阅读需求去判断可读性和⽂学性哪个更重要。 总结观点。书籍是智慧的源泉之⼀，是伟⼤思想的汇总与展 ⽰。在读书的过程中，我们体会作者的思想与情感，易读的书籍也 好，经典的名著也好，都是我们进步的阶梯。 精彩范⽂ Be an Avid Reader Reading as the great boon to our growth is always advocated. It is basically the main way for us to learn about the world. And from childhood to adulthood, we have read numerous books. Some of them are easily to be comprehended, and some are obscure. The types of the book are always a key point in reading. A lot of readers have a predilection for the readability of a book. They'd like to read for fun and for a clear understanding of the book. But some readers feel to be intrigued by the literariness of a book like the allusions. For me, the preference for readability or literariness is changing according to the specific genres and topics of the book. (Viewpoint) First, we all have the feeling that the sophistication lies in simplicity. For books like novels, allegories and plays, the readability is important. (Topic sentence) These are the books that we can read in daily life. And there's no need for us to spend all the leisure time in figuring out the meanings of the books. And also, the adapted versions of the books on screen are quite suitable for readers like me. I believe the enjoyable process is the source of enthusiasm for reading.Second, the fondness of literariness is the homage to classics and traditions. (Topic sentence) Usually, the literariness is the representation of traditional culture and professional pieces. The copious vocabularies and the rhetorical expressions bring us to the world of art. And the beautiful poems and prose which are the collection of literariness should be recited. Actually, the conflict between readability and literariness is the balance issue between readers and the literary works. (Conclusion) For readers, we can always benefit from a devoted reading. All we need to do is to pick the right type according to our different reading needs. 主题词汇 热切的，渴望的 avid adj. 晦涩的 obscure adj. 偏好 predilection n. 激起 的兴趣 intrigue vt. …… 典故 allusion n. 复杂 sophistication n. 敬意 homage n. 丰富的 copious adj. 亮点句式 First, we all have the feeling that the sophistication lies in simplicity. 【译⽂】 ⾸先，我们都有⼀种感觉：复杂藏于简练之中。 【分析】 这句话想要表达的意思是⽣活之中很多知识都是深⼊浅 出的，该句放在⽂中意为可读性较强的书⾥⾯也可能包含深意。Essay 054 关于艺术 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about art, and write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards art, especially your opinion on its role in our society. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Supreme Human Activity Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory or performing artifacts (artworks), expressing the author's imaginative or technical skill. It's intended to be appreciated for its beauty or emotional power. Throughout human history, art as the most elegant and exquisite existence in our world has been created for various unique reasons. Whether it's the natural revelation without certain purpose or the designed expressions with a specific intention, art is always paramount in human mental activities. The essence of art lies in sensing rather than touching. To associate art with utility is to erase its distinction with normal production activities. The creativity in art is transcendent enough to stir our thoughts, feelings or even beliefs.The philosophy of art is associated with the nature of aesthetics. Artists use the fabulous gorgeousness of their art pieces to engage the audience's interest in appreciating the beauty of art. The artistic works are always pushing the frontier of our imaginations forward by breaking the boundaries of time and space. Maybe that is why the boom of art does not usually hold hands with the development of human society. Excerpt 2 Enjoyment in Life Simply considering art as the collection of elegance and delicacy narrows the artistic world. To embed art in the finely carved frame and hang it on the museum wall is to disobey the original purpose of artistic creations. Instead of seeing art as something beyond our life, it is better to regard it as a garden full of fun and pleasure that is supposed to serve human beings. Art as the reflection of thoughts and emotions is not mysterious thanks to its material carriers. For both artists and audiences, the manifestation of art must be very directive, specific and conceivable so that emotions can be expressed and felt. Otherwise, art would only be the personal perceptions. Also, the long lasting development of art also demands the enthusiasm of the public. Different views and free explanations are the foundation of a prosperous art age. The course of art is a continuous task for the whole human society and the artistic activities are the general needs in society and the source of enjoyment. 审题⽴意 有⼈说，艺术是⾼级的⼈类活动，艺术创作是超越我们的现实⽣ 活的。由此，艺术升华⽣活，张扬思想，是为了艺术⽽艺术地存在。 另⼀⽅⾯，有⼈说艺术是⽣活中的乐趣和享受，不应该把艺术的范围 只局限在 阳春⽩雪 的层次， 下⾥巴⼈ 才是真正的艺术需求和体 “ ” “ ” 现，艺术应该是与⼤众审美需求相融合的。考⽣对艺术有什么样的看 法呢？你认为艺术离我们遥远吗？结合材料，发表⾃⼰的看法。写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，艺术⾃⾝的特性是超 脱于社会存在的。另⼀⽅⾯，艺术服务于⽣活，是⼈类社会的乐趣之 ⼀。 发表⾃⼰的观点。艺术与社会的关系是辩证的。正如阿多诺指 出，艺术既有⾃律性，也必然有其社会性，这样才能保持⾃⾝的⽣ 机。 总结观点。虽然只有⼀少部分社会成员承担着艺术创作的责 任，但是艺术本⾝也不是镜中花、⽔中⽉⼀样的存在，万事万物都是 艺术。 精彩范⽂ Art Needs No Frills Though the definition of art has changed over time, people's enthusiasm towards it has never faded in our society. Yet opinions on the positioning of art in our society differ from person to person. Some confer the badge of art on the transcendent and splendid creations. Others, on the contrary, argue that art is around us in the unobtrusive daily life. I think we should listen to both points of views and not be partisan. Various forms of art are vital for human society and at the same time art is considered as unique treasure because it is closely attached with society. (Viewpoint) As we all know, artistic creations are inseparable from real life. (Topic sentence) Abstract and obscure as some artistic works, they are all produced by the authors who are living in human world. Just as realism was born in turbulent periods and romanticism was brought out in reformations, social beings determine the consciousness. To illustrate concisely, art is abstracted from society. While absolute respect must be given to the pure artistic pieces, we should never make a mockery of the graffiti. (Topic sentence) The point is we do not standardize art. The meaning and connotation of art vary fromindividual to individual. It seems like everyone is holding a different flower seed while society needs to let them blossom. Only in this way can we finally harvest the beautiful scenery of art as well as protect the uniqueness of art. We need to make a mountain out of a molehill when it comes to art. A sandwich may remind us of the paintings of Picasso yet a summer's day can fail to evoke the lyrics of Sonnet 18. No certain rules can be found in the different emotional affections. Therefore, letting the appreciation of art chum up with our life naturally will be the best. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 虚饰 frills n. 授予 confer vt. 不显眼的 unobtrusive adj. 动荡的 turbulent adj. 嘲笑，讥笑 make a mockery of 涂鸦；乱画 graffiti n. ⼩题⼤做 make a mountain out of a molehill 与 友好相处 chum up with …… 亮点句式 I think we should listen to both points of views and not be partisan. 【译⽂】 我认为我们应该兼听双⽅的观点，做到不偏不倚。 【分析】 该句式表⽰总结，适合⽤在⽂章的开头部分，引出⾃⼰ 的观点。科技发展篇 Essay 055 ⼈⼯智能是否会取代⼈类劳动？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on AI technology, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards AI technology, especially your opinion on whether AI technology would replace human labor in the future. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Liberate Human Labor With great momentum, technology develops by leaps and bounds nowadays. It's fair to say that human beings create technology and technology relieves human labor in return. Seeing the tremendous progress in technology, some people believe that human labor will eventually be replaced by artificial intelligence in future years. The birth of the most prolific “poet” has made the debate on human labor and artificial intelligence hotter. Highlighting the real emotions ofhuman beings, the book Sunshine Misses Windows was written by an AI. Writing over 10,000 poems in 2760 hours, AI could've been the most brilliant laureate in our literature history. As the artificial intelligence has proved to be smarter and more efficient than human beings, the confidence that AI would definitely contribute to our society has been inoculated to many people. Since we are already living in a world that technology shares work with human beings, it is reasonable to predict that more work shall be shared in the future with the birth of more artificial products. Excerpt 2 AI Is Not Omnipotent Seeing the whole society exult over the progress of technologies is exciting. The development of AI is definitely one of the significant signs that suggest the advancement of our civilization. Although great possibilities are there to tell us that the content of work might be changed in the future, it seems the idea that AI would replace human labor in the future is not accepted by all the social members. There are many careers that AI will never do better than human beings. For example, we may fall desperate if we knock the door of our psychotherapist and hear an answer with a sound just like a machine. Although AI can achieve as high intelligence as human beings, it is still deficient in emotional reactions. Therefore, there's no way that AI can be applied in such social industries. Also, a view on the metafunction of AI brings us clear understanding of technology. They are supposed to serve people but not to deprive us of the fun of being a real person who can experience anything both emotionally and physically in social settings. 审题⽴意 在现代社会，关于科技的探讨已经屡⻅不鲜。⼈⼯智能的发展⼜ 将这⼀话题引向了⾼潮。科技的发展是否预⽰着⼈类的劳动终将被取代，考⽣需要在认真阅读两则材料的基础上，结合⼈⼯智能的发展形 势，发表⾃⼰关于⼈⼯智能会不会最终取代⼈类劳动的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯的观点。⼀⽅⾯，鉴于⼈⼯智能的惊 ⼈发展，有⼈认为，⼈⼯智能会在未来代替⼈类劳动。另⼀⽅⾯，还 有⼈认为，⼈⼯智能是冰冷的机器，在情感、美学等诸多⽅⾯永远⽆ 法赶超⼈类。 发表⾃⼰的观点，即你是否认为⼈⼯智能会在未来取代⼈类的 劳动。两种看法各有道理，陈述清楚理由即可。 总结观点。若是认为⼈⼯智能会取代⼈类劳动，那么应该说明 在未来，⼈类社会与⼈⼯智能密不可分，随着科技的发展，会有越来 越多的⼈⼯智能产品；若是认为⼈⼯智能不会取代⼈类劳动，可以从 ⼈类的情感需求，以及⼈类最终需要去操控这些智能产品的⾓度出发 得出结论。 精彩范⽂ My Opinion of AI Nowadays, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence, we can outsource many jobs to machines and robots. Thus the discussion about whether one day AI will replace human labor has been aroused. First, it is abundantly attested that AI can be as agile as human brains or even beyond our brains. So some believe that in the near future more and more AI products will be created and applied in our daily life and probably replace human work. However, many others considered that no matter how advanced AI could be, it will never replace humankind. As far as I am concerned, the intelligence of AI may surpass human beings in many aspects, but it will never gain the same status in emotional awareness, thus it will not replace human beings. (Viewpoint)On the one hand, we must admit that the birth of AI makes our society filled with an ecstasy of delight. (Topic sentence) The advancement in technology can always bring a lot of convenience to our society. For example, in terms of complicated calculation, AI would be an excellent assistant. But on the other hand, AI has its own limitations. (Topic sentence) Let's say we replace the waiter in a KFC with a robot. You may get your order smoothly, but you cannot expect this cool waiter to reconfirm your choice according to the hesitation on your face if this is not designed in its program. Designed by human beings, the programs and settings of an AI will never be good at meeting emotional needs as human beings. A human society is made up of human beings with complicated feelings, and there will always be some changing situations. At this point, AI cannot be compared with human beings. (Conclusion) And that's the biggest difference between human beings and machine. After all, no matter how excellent an online lesson is, many people still prefer a teacher who can scold us loudly face to face. 主题词汇 将 外包 outsource vt. …… 被充分证实 be abundantly attested 敏捷的，机敏的 agile adj. 超越 surpass vt. 获得同等地位 gain the same status 情感认识，情绪觉察 emotional awareness 狂喜 an ecstasy of delight 顺利地 smoothly adv. 训斥 scold vt. 亮点句式After all, no matter how excellent an online lesson is, many people still prefer a teacher who can scold us loudly face to face. 【译⽂】 毕竟，不论⼀堂⽹课有多精彩，许多⼈还是更喜欢⼀个 能当⾯训斥我们的⽼师。 【分析】 的句式表⽰让步转折关系，⽤来表 no matter how... still... ⽰强调，意为 不论 还是 。 “ ……, ……”Essay 056 ⼿机的利弊 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on mobile phones, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards mobile phones, especially your opinion on the way they have changed our life. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 A Smart Friend Nowadays, mobile phones have become our intimate friends. And for some people, mobile phones are more than their friends. An American artist Aaron Chervenak married to his phone with the thought that his mobile phone is with him all the time and gives solace to him. It's his longest relationship. The news seems weird to the public yet it has vividly exemplified the role a mobile phone plays in modern society. Mobile phones are necessary for modern people because of their strong functions. Besides the basic ones like calling someone, texting, taking photos, or listening to music; mobile phones have become all- purpose with the Internet and various applications. Ordering food, finishingan electronic payment when running out of cash, paying the bills etc. are all the things that we can do through a mobile phone. There's no doubt that mobile phones are the excellent assistants in our life and the importance of them is going to increase in the future with its constantly enhanced functions. With the development of technology, we have every reason to believe that mobile phones will be smarter and do more things for us. Excerpt 2 An Invisible Cage With mobile phones' multiple functions, we are definitely leading a more convenient life than before. But there are also negative influences. With the habit of checking phones all the time, many people feel it unbearable to be separated from their mobile phones, not even for a short time. In fact, mobile phones are affecting us not only physically, but also emotionally. It turns out that heavy cell phone use can be linked to the sleeping problems, stress and eyesight problems. Living in an age of technology, many young people feel like they can only earn security with their cell phones around them. The unanswered message brings guilt to them and they are always terribly busy with various social interaction applications. Research has shown that maybe our mobile phones are stressing us out instead of calming us down. According to Stefan Hofmann, professor of psychology at Boston University and an expert on emotion research, pulling away from social media can create anxiety and the urgency to log back on. Also, he said that long-term, negative feelings around personal use of social media and failures to cut back can add depression. 审题⽴意 ⼿机的出现改变了我们的⽣活。⼀⽅⾯，⼿机为我们的⽣活带来 了极⼤的便利，尤其是智能⼿机时代的到来以及⼿机移动应⽤程序⽇新⽉异的发展，使得⼿机更加神通⼴⼤。现在⼿机不仅可以为我们提 供基础的联络功能，还可以通过⽹络实现更多娱乐、购物、出⾏等⽅ ⾯的功能。但是另⼀⽅⾯， 低头族 的出现也引起了⼈们对⼿机的思 “ ” 考。许多⼈似乎已经成为⼿机的奴⾪，频繁地使⽤⼿机渐渐地让我们 远离了现实世界，成为虚拟世界中的 ⾏⼫⾛⾁ 。 “ ” 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，即对于⼿机的利弊的论述。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⼿机已经成为每个⼈⽣活中的必需品。彻底 摒弃⼿机的使⽤在当今社会是不现实的，唯⼀的趋利避害的⽅式就是 个⼈的⾃我约束。 总结观点。⼿机也好，电脑也罢，都是科技带给我们的便利⼯ 具。既然是⼯具，我们就⼀定要分清主次，不要因为使⽤⼿机⽽影响 了我们正常的⽣活模式。 精彩范⽂ Use Your Phone Temperately Nowadays, we are inundated by Internet technology. Every day we thrust ourselves into the enormous online world and become reluctant to leave. Therefore, we are fond of mobile phones, for they are not only the communicational devices, but also the surfboards for us to surf online. While some people are viewing mobile phones as the vital company to make our life colorful and convenient, others are concerned that the addiction of mobile phones are actually agonizing. In my opinion, the craze for mobile phones will not fade in our society. The key to solving the addiction problem of mobile phones is self-restraint. (Viewpoint) First and foremost, smart phones are an integral part of our life nowadays. (Topic sentence) There's no need for us to list all the details and functions of mobile phones to show that we can hardly fit in the social lifewithout it. Also, they have become the easiest way for us to relax and entertain ourselves. However, the motley influences of mobile phones cannot be ignored. (Topic sentence) Focusing on our phones often leads us to take a flippant attitude towards others although we are not inclined to do that. Besides, excessive use of mobile phones will greatly damage our eyes, spines and skins, etc. Actually, countless lonely faces behind the screens are not soothed by their phone. Last but not least, what role a mobile phone plays in our life varies from person to person. (Conclusion) Some people use their phone applications efficiently and master a foreign language in several months; some people are bogged down in the virtual world and have no idea that they are amusing themselves to death. We should consider the problems of mobile phones carefully and figure out whether we can still manage our time with free will. 主题词汇 有节制地 temperately adv. 被 淹没 be inundated by …… 沉浸在 thrust in 狂热 craze n. 苦恼的 agonizing adj. 混杂的；多种多样的 motley adj. 漫不经⼼的态度 flippant attitude 陷⼊ be bogged down 亮点句式 First and foremost, smart phones are an integral part of our life nowadays.【译⽂】 ⾸先，智能⼿机如今是我们⽣活中不可或缺的⼀部分。 【分析】 意为 ⾸先，最重要的⼀点 ，分点论述 first and foremost “ ” 观点时可以使⽤。Essay 057 我对⽹络交流的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on cyber communication, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards cyber communication, especially on how to make it contribute more to our life. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Cyber Communications Go Viral in Daily life The great power of cyber communication brings surprise to the world. Recently, a Chinese college girl has raised over 100,000 RMB through Weibo and WeChat in 12 hours. “I was desperate. My father suffered from 急性脑出⾎ Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage ( ) while our family couldn't afford the operation fees. These kind people have saved his life.” The girl expressed her gratitude to the media with tears in her eyes. In today's digital age, cyber communications have become an integral part of our daily life. Instant short messaging has become a new means of communication. It helps us to speed up the communication and also expanded the scale of interaction. Various platforms like QQ, WeChat,microblogs, Tieba, etc. provide us the chance to share our daily life and give comments on public affairs. Despite approaching a friend who's located far away from us is no longer difficult nowadays, great facilitation in learning and working is also given by cyber communication. For instance, the MOOC (Massive Online Open Course) has already become a fashionable learning way. And such conveniences have literally increased the balance of education resources. Excerpt 2 Convenience Breeds Distractions While cyber communication has brought convenience to our life, it has also brought concerns. It is not only changing the way of our communication, but also affecting our life in many other aspects. A recent study has revealed that we mindlessly touch and use our phones 2,617 times a day and that's just the average—more heavy users can handle their phones up to 5,427 times a day. Doing online chatting takes up the bulk of these touches. Yet how much of such communication is necessary is definitely another issue. We are living with these online chatting. Whether we're at work, at home or on vacation, it's hard to get away from digital distractions. The alert sounds of the phone ring constantly to remind you that the net is everywhere. What's more, we have changed our reading and writing habits gradually and subliminally when surrounded by such a large number of information and messages. Many people find it has become harder to write something in a satisfied length. They are actually not familiar with the words as they thought. 审题⽴意 本作⽂题⽬属于观点选择型，需要考⽣在阅读题⽬给出的两种关 于⽹络交流的观点的基础上，谈谈⾃⼰的看法。尤其应注意阐述⽹络 对我们⽣活的影响，以及我们如何更好地去使⽤⽹络交流。写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种 声⾳ ，即⽹络的积极意义以及它对我 “ ” 们⽣活的负⾯影响。 发表⾃⼰的观点，结合⽹络交流的优缺点进⾏综合阐述。 总结观点，提⾼⾃⾝的控制⼒，更好地享受科技带给我们的便 捷⽣活。 精彩范⽂ Do Not Turn Cyber Communication into Pandora's Box “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, ...” as Charles Dickens said in A Tale of Two Cities . Nowadays, we are holding the same contradictory opinion towards cyber communication. While we are enjoying the great pleasure brought by online communication, we are trapped by it, too. On the one hand, cyber communication does realize the real time talk and facilitates our daily life. On the other hand, we are addicted to it, more or less. As far as I am concerned, it's time for us to exert self-restraint to reduce the complexity of our life. In other words, we need to reduce the frequency of online chatting. (Viewpoint) From the very onset, cyber communication pulls the trigger of our interactions. (Topic sentence) We can talk with each other wherever we are and whenever we want. Through different apps, we can always express our opinions and share them with others. The quick spread of information and messages have made the world smaller and closer. But as time passes by, we feel like we're addicted to cyber communication. (Topic sentence) The most supportive evidence is that a short time separation with our smart phones can cause the feeling of being secluded. What's more, being used to the fragmented information has gradually eroded our ability to concentrate which includes long term writing and reading ability. Last but not least, it is harmful for our eyes to stare at the smart phone all the time.As we all know, to be captivated by cyber communication's advantages without considering its possible disadvantages or to banish it out of our life for fear of its underlying threats are neither the wise way. The best posture is using it without being dominated by it. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 潘多拉的魔盒（代指有吸引⼒但是有害的事物） Pandora's box 被某事困住 be trapped by 从⼀开始 from the very onset 引起 pull the trigger 被迷惑 be captivated by 驱逐，流放 banish v. 潜在的威胁 underlying threats 被⽀配，被控制 be dominated by 亮点句式 The best posture is using it without being dominated by it. 【译⽂】 最好的姿态就是能合理利⽤它⽽不是受其控制。 【分析】 为固定句式，意 The best way/posture/situation/result is... 为 最好的⽅式 姿态 情况 结果 就是 。这样的句式经常可以⽤来 “ / / / ……” 作为作⽂的总结句式。Essay 058 我对⺠间科学的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about folk science, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards folk science, especially on how to make it serve the public better. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Support Science but Not Silence Often compared with standard science research, folk science is an important power for the progress. As the rainbow is attractive for containing different hues, the science world is thriving because of both the formal scientific researches and the intriguing folk findings. Referring to the studies on all the existence in the universe, the word “science” means “knowledge” in Latin. As the pronoun of boundless collection, knowledge can be learned through many ways. Based on the real surroundings, the folk science has the advantage of touching first-hand science materials and observing phenomena in real life. The folk science should be given enough support and space.The world of science needs a variety of voices. Folk science is the great stage for imagination which possesses much more power than knowledge itself. Nowadays, to the chagrin of many Chinese experts, more and more Chinese students seem to be losing interest in the idea of taking science as a career. We need to let the children know that science is not some mysterious existence that is far away from our life; on the contrary, it is so real that it surrounds us in daily life. Through this, a better scientific atmosphere shall be constructed and more kids can be encouraged to devote into the world of science. Excerpt 2 Folk Science or Fake Science Normally, folk science describes the ways of understanding and predicting the natural and social world without the use of rigorous methodologies or scientific method. Thus its influence and validity are often questioned. It's weird to see that such scientific findings were actually concluded without proper research and data. And when it turns out to be false, the pseudoscience came into being. Mistakes can always be corrected. Yet the cost we pay for the mistake is not always easy. For most of the people, the external information input is quite influential. Without the confirmation, many people are easily misguided by the fake science rumors. The pseudoscience misleads the public and it even cost lives to learn the lesson. The group of folk science researchers is mostly made up of members without solid knowledge and fine scientific literacy. The identity of the researcher is the least important element in a scientific finding. However, their proposition must stand up to close scrutiny. What's more, the results and effects of the folk science are hard to be detected. Therefore, the adoption of the folk science findings is relatively difficult. And for most of the time, the folk science starts from personal interest and ends with limitation. 审题⽴意近年来，有关⺠间科学的争论始终吸引着⼈们的眼球。⼀⽅⾯， 科学的发展需要我们打破权威，勇敢参与，⽽且，⺠间科学的兴起能 够促进科学的⼤众化与丰富性；但是另⼀⽅⾯，⺠间科学由于缺乏科 学的研究⼿段和⾼素质的研究⼈员⽽时常遭到诟病，许多⼈视其为伪 科学。在推⼴⺠间科学与科学的去伪存真⽅⾯，考⽣有着怎样的⻅解 呢？阅读两则材料，发表⾃⼰的观点。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，⺠间科学的兴起是科 学在平⺠中得到关注的良好体现；另⼀⽅⾯，许多⺠间发现毫⽆依 据，甚⾄匪夷所思，混淆⼤众视听。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⺠间科学的兴起是值得⽀持的，只是在科学 的世界⾥，虽不分研究者的⾝份⾼低，却要求真凭实据。 总结观点。⽆论是科学研究还是我们的学习与⽣活，我们都应 该秉承着科学的精神，既勇于提出观点，也要求真务实。 精彩范⽂ A Blossom of Hundreds of Schools As we know, the social development would be retarded without the support of science. In the world of science, despite the major contribution of the mainstream sciences to our society, the folk science is often accepted as the common wisdom in our society and has played an important role of being a great source of creative ideas in the course of human civilization. Yet it has been doubted in recent days. On the one hand, folk science is the supplement of the formal science discoveries and a distinguished contribution to the progress of human society. On the other hand, this free verse of science is always labeled as pseudoscience because of its deficiency in scientific data and researches. From my perspective, I believe the advancing of our society is sustained by both the standard science exploration and the broad attempts. (Viewpoint)Firstly, the folk science sparks the enthusiasm of ordinary people towards the science world. (Topic sentence) Only by constructing a fiery academic atmosphere in our society can we expect to harvest the contentions and the unveiling of truth. The folk discoveries are extracted from the real life. Therefore, the folk science is possible to be the right hand for the science discoveries. But the encouragement of the booming of exploring science doesn't mean the allowing of groundless or unscrupulous conjectures. (Topic sentence) It is no good making illogical or even ridiculous guesses in the world of science. Sometimes the lie outwits itself and misleads public opinion. The influence of such folk science is impeding the progress of science. For all intents and purposes, folk science and standard science are both valuable and they are not holding hostility to each other. One thing that matters is the scientific spirit. (Conclusion) The first principle is never to proclaim baseless findings as breakthroughs. The principle is so important that it can be applied in literally every aspect in our life. We may consider some findings as ridiculous nowadays, but time is the best judge. After the development of science and technology, truth shall survive. For scientific researchers, they can keep a low profile in fame, but should never pay less attention to the strictness of a research. 主题词汇 百家争鸣 blossom of hundreds of schools ⾃由诗体（不受格律约束的） free verse 伪科学 pseudoscience n. 热烈的 fiery adj. 推测 conjecture n. 提取 extract vt. 敌意 hostility n. 欺瞒 outwit vt.保持低调 keep a low profile 亮点句式 For all intents and purposes, folk science and standard science are both valuable and they are not holding hostility to each other. 【译⽂】 总之，⺠间科学和标准科学都是宝贵的，他们之间并⾮ 是⽔⽕不容的。 【分析】 意为 实际上，事实上 可以经 for all intents and purposes “ ” 常⽤在作⽂结尾处。Essay 059 我对共享单⻋的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about bike-sharing, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards bike-sharing. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Facilitating the Citizens Recently, a large number of colorful sharing bikes have enriched the transportation services of our campuses and cities. As the representation of sharing economy, bike-sharing has earned great popularity since the day it was born. Getting rid of the specific parking positions, the sharing bikes are unlocked through electronic operations. The procedures of renting are easy since it's just the downloading of the application and the payment of the deposit (and now, you can simply use your Wechat app or Alipay app to borrow the bike). After the payment, we're free to ride it and park it anywhere convenient. Pictures of college students riding the sharing bikes are quite common these days. Compared with other transportation, bikes are the mostconvenient one for college students. While personal bikes got broken or stolen from time to time, bike-sharing has reduced a lot of trouble for students. Outside of the campus, the bike-sharing plays important roles in our cities. For many citizens, being busy with work all day long has deprived them the rights of exercise. By pedaling, they get to list riding as a routine. What's more, bike-sharing is cheaper than other public transportation. Also, when cars are stuck in lines in rush hours, bike riders are chasing after wind. Excerpt 2 Disorder in the City While bike-sharing has been the apple in the eye of a green city transportation system, it has also caused some problems to the order of the city. Just as a coin has two sides, the fact is that free parking has brought great convenience to citizens as well as setting barriers to the road. Grab the bike whenever you need and drop it wherever you want has been the portrait of many people's doing. Because of the random parking of these bikes, the tidiness and order of a city has been destroyed. Some streets which were neat are now becoming hard to get through. Recently, the news that shared bikes are thrown into rivers has astonished the public. The convenience brought by the sharing bikes turned out to provide the opportunity of pranks or even sabotage. Also, despite the obstacles to public road, a great number of bikes are impaired. With a subconscious thought of not owing the bike, many people do not pay attention to riding the bike in a proper way and finally make the bike wear out quickly. In view of the runnability and safety problems, riding bicycles can be greatly influenced by weather conditions. We may manage riding a bike on a rainy day, but not on a stormy day. 审题⽴意共享单⻋的出现，在⼀定程度上影响了⼈们的出⾏⽅式。从有桩 到⽆桩，共享单⻋进⼊了另⼀个阶段。⼀⽅⾯，公共交通的共享，使 得校园中的学⽣以及城市市⺠的出⾏更加⽅便，也使得出⾏⽅式更加 绿⾊环保。但是⼈们在享受着共享单⻋所带来的便利的同时，也发现 了使⽤中出现的⼀些问题。由于⽆桩停⻋，许多公⺠随地占道停⻋； 由于并⾮个⼈财产，许多⼈肆意使⽤，不顾其损毁。更有甚者，恶意 破坏，种种新闻听来令⼈难以置信，不禁让⼈对部分公⺠的道德问题 进⾏思考。考⽣在思考作⽂时，应该考虑到共享经济的极⼤好处，也 应该思考如何更好地维护共享型⽣活。 写作框架 总结两则材料，指出共享单⻋存在的利弊。 发表⾃⼰的观点。承认共享单⻋对于社会的积极作⽤，如⽅便 出⾏、环保、使⼈得到锻炼等，然后提出⾃⼰关于所出现的问题的看 法，如政府与个⼈两⽅⾯都应该做出努⼒。 总结观点，任何事物出现之初都会显现出⼀些问题，即便是如 共享单⻋这样的能促进社会发展的创意，也会遭遇⼀些意外的问题， 我们要解决这些问题，继续努⼒推动共享单⻋的发展。 精彩范⽂ Riding Brings a Better World Recently, cities are inundated by the fresh colors of shared bikes. The track that consists of the pedaling has presented a bright belt on the ground for us. However, despite the great acclaim for the convenience brought by the public bike sharing, the chaos that is caused by bike-sharing has generated discussions. Many citizens consider the sharing model has its own shortages for they have heard the hissing at the disorder problem arising from unscrupulous parking and the damage to shared bikes due to careless usage. As far as I'm concerned, the problems that appeared inthe bike-sharing system are actually not pertinent to the sharing model itself. Rather, society needs to take actions to solve the problems. (Viewpoint) On the one hand, bike-sharing has a profound meaning for future social development. (Topic sentence) It helps to relieve air pollution and reduce the stress of public trans-portation. Also, for individuals, it can provide more chances for us to exercise. Bike-sharing will continue its trending position in both metropolises and small towns. On the other hand, solving the problem is a mission for both the government and the individual. (Topic sentence) The relevant regulations and rules are necessary for us to supervise the mess of bike-sharing. For instance, the recent proposal of real name registration is a very insightful way to control the immoral parking problem. And when it comes to the penury of morality, the citizens who benefit from the convenience of bike- sharing should really be careful in using the public facility if they do not want to be labeled as immoral. In conclusion, just like it is legitimate to ask whether it is reasonable to deny a person just because he has a mole on his face, it is natural to see bike-sharing as not flawless for now. (Conclusion) Considering the reasons accounting for the problems and solving them as soon as possible is the wise move for us. 主题词汇 引起讨论 generate a discussion 与 ⽆关 be not pertinent to …… 肆⽆忌惮的 unscrupulous adj. 减轻 relieve vt. 明智之举 wise move 有深刻⻅解的，有远⻅的 insightful adj. 对 发出嘘声 hiss at ……道德贫乏 penury of morality 亮点句式 And when it comes to the penury of morality, the citizens who benefit from the convenience of bike-sharing should really be careful in using the public facility if they do not want to be labeled as immoral. 【译⽂】 谈及道德贫乏的问题，若不想被认为是缺少道德的话， 受益于共享单⻋便利的公⺠的确应该⼩⼼使⽤公共设施。 【分析】 此句中， 是作⽂中经常⽤到的句型， when it comes to... 表⽰提到某话题；⽽ 意为 被贴上 的标签 ，延伸意 be labeled as... “ …… ” 义可以是 被认为，被评判为 。 “ ……”Essay 060 表情包 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on emojis, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message about using emojis, and then 2. express your opinion towards emojis; especially your opinion on their functions in online communication. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Boosting Engine of Communication Born in 1999, emoji was created in Japan. Nowadays, it has walked out of its home turf to the world and earned great popularity as a tool for us to engage in online chatting and also become a special language we all approve of. According to a survey, over 92% of Internet users use emojis, and six billion emojis are sent every day. Sharing the duties of words, these vivid emojis have promoted the online communication with telling effect. The emojis are usually used to express feelings via various electronic devices. In 2014, Oxford Dictionaries Online listed “emoji” as a new word. A year after that, the interesting pictograph, the ‘Face with Tears of Joy’ emoji, which was sometimes used to express one's reaction to something hilarious, for the first time was chosen as the “Word of the Year”.“These tiny little emojis are so cute. With the presentation of emotions, we can effectively express the feelings which are not easy to be stated in word, especially for those who are not good at speaking. Also, if we send each other emojis, that means we are in a relatively close relationship.” says an emoji user. Excerpt 2 The Blur in Understanding As a common accepted online sign, the proper use of emojis is conducive to an effective conversation and also a friendly relationship. But just like a coin has two sides, the misunderstandings from these emojis happen from time to time. Anger, disappointment and sadness may appear in the use of these lovely emoticons. Just as Hamlet is different in different readers' eyes, the most important reason of the misunderstanding is people interpreting the same emoji in different ways due to different cultural, educational backgrounds and personalities. Therefore, both the convenience and confusion are caused by using emojis. “The emojis are delivering very complicated meaning and they are used in different ways. One of my friends only sends it when he has nothing else to say but has to be polite. But the other one is totally opposite. He sends you these lovely emojis because he's enjoying the conversation and trying to engage more into it.” said a netizen. With the adherent informality, the usage of emoji needs to be extra careful. 审题⽴意 随着⽹络聊天的盛⾏，我们越来越多地开始使⽤表情聊天。有⼈ 说聊天发表情是因为关系亲密，表情有时可以表达语⾔⽆法传达的信 息。但是也有⼈表⽰，不同的⼈对同⼀个表情的理解不同，所以常常 会产⽣误会。对于这样的争议，考⽣应兼顾双⽅对使⽤聊天表情利弊 的论述，并在此基础上对表情在⽹络聊天中的使⽤提出⾃⼰的⻅解。写作框架 总结材料中的论述，分别概述使⽤聊天表情的利弊。 发表⾃⼰的观点。这些表情的创造和使⽤极⼤地丰富了我们的 交流，但是表情的使⽤应该注意区分对象，也需要考虑表情可能带来 的误解。 总结观点。表情的使⽤需要谨慎，沟通的⽅式多种多样，但是 关键是实现沟通的意义，避免误解的产⽣。 精彩范⽂ Be a Clever Emoji User Nowadays, emojis have become an integral part of our online chatting and our culture. Love them or not, we cannot avoid them in the age of the Internet. The emojis can be a smiley face to indicate one's positive emotions or it can be a red face to show someone's anger. However, many people have claimed that despite the pleasing enjoyment emojis have brought to online communication, the use of emojis can cause misunderstandings. From my own experience, I assume we should reduce the use of emojis when talking with others online. (Viewpoint) For the first reason, words are the main parts in a normal communication while the emojis are just an assistant tool. (Topic sentence) Often, the informality will be produced when we are trying to express thoughts with emojis. Clear expressions and concise words are needed when we are discussing official or important issues. Emojis are handy to use in the online communications, yet efficient communication can be disrupted by these ambiguous cartoon faces. What's more, online chatting has already given many people uncertain feelings. (Topic sentence) Without seeing the other's face and instant action, it is hard to judge his or her real reaction or emotion. No matter how instant online message is, the reaction of the users is still filtered before thoughts are expressed. To be exempt from the strains andtensions of misunderstanding, the best way is to reduce the use of emojis and state our thoughts and emotions with words. To use emojis or not is a personal choice. Everyone has the right to choose the way to express their emotions and social codes. But it is crucial to consider about the appropriateness of the emojis. After all, the primary intention of communication is a maximized understanding. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 必不可少的部分 an integral part 笑脸 smiley face 表明 indicate vt. 简明扼要的 concise adj. 免除 be exempt from 压⼒ strains and tensions ⾄关重要的 crucial adj. 社会礼仪 social code 主要的；最重要的 primary adj. 亮点句式 Love them or not, we cannot avoid them in the age of the Internet. 【译⽂】 不论喜欢与否，在互联⽹时代，我们都难免会碰到它们 （表情符号）。 【分析】 通常⽤来表⽰ 喜欢与否、喜爱与否 这样的 love or not “ ” 情感，也可以⽤来描述某种⽆奈感。类似 这样的⽤法还有很 or not 多，⽐如 等。 like it or not, believe it or notEssay 061 电⼦书 纸质书 vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about E-books and paper books, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards E-books and paper books, especially on how to use them to promote our reading. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 E-books Possess the Great Magnetism April 23th is World Book Day, which is an annual event, organized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, to promote reading, publishing and copyright rules. Nowadays, China is playing an active role on World Book Day with an average rising reading population. With advanced Internet access, we have naturally seen the rapid growth in digital reading. Despite the huge book resources on the Internet, there are various reading applications to supervise us to promote our reading. According to the survey of Chinese Academy of Press and Publication, in 2016, adults reading paper books is 58.8%, adults' reading digital books is 68.2%. The growth rate of mobile reading has increased fastfrom 2011 to 2016. The online reading has contributed greatly to the total reading number in China. “The E-books are usually very easy to carry. You can read whenever you like without costing too much because the electronic books are usually cheaper. Sometimes, when I cannot find the book I want to read in physical library, I can find it online. I think the digital reading has greatly promoted my reading and learning.” A college student claimed. Excerpt 2 Paper Reading Is in the Temple of Fame Many physical bookstores are out of business because of the popularity of E-books, which makes the readers quite sad. Despite the convenient and practical advantages of E-books, there are still a large number of people who are diehard fans of paper books. They are yearning for a better reading experience. And so as they considered, E-books are prepared for quick and rough reading. Digital readings are not competitive enough in a high-quality reading enjoyment. As the world is operating rapidly with the information and technology, paper reading is especially advocated in our society since it brings the best reading experience with no distractions. A large number of people are obsessed with the feeling of safety brought by paper books. Paper pages are convenient for recording the notes and comments we made of the book. Also, paper books are always preserved for a long time. Yet online reading is easily to be forgotten with time passing by since the readers don't value the E-books too much with the infinite online resources. The calm and profound feeling reading brings to us is hard to be found in digital reading. 审题⽴意 本篇作⽂的题⽬是电⼦书与纸质书的优缺点对⽐。考⽣需要在阅 读题⽬给出的关于电⼦书和纸质书的对⽴观点的基础上，结合⾃⼰的经验对读书的⽅式以及利弊给出⾃⼰的看法。考⽣可以先简单总结材 料中两种书的特点，再发表⾃⼰对如何进⾏良好阅读的⻅解。 写作框架 总结材料中电⼦书与纸质书的利弊以及它们对阅读的影响。 结合双⽅的论述，发表⾃⼰的观点，表达⾃⼰对阅读⽅式的看 法。 总结观点，指出阅读的⽅式可以根据不同的时间和场合⽽定， 学会结合两种⽅法可能更有利于我们进⾏良好的阅读。 精彩范⽂ E-Books Stand Neck to Neck with Paper Reading Recently, the digital reading and the paper reading styles have been hotly debated. Nowadays it's beyond controversy that there is the ubiquitous trend in our society to read digital books for the benefits of convenience and lower price. Yet that is not the whole picture. There are resolutions for paper reading that cannot be unsettled. The passionate readers have a predilection for a high-quality reading process rather than gobbling. From my perspective, E-books and paper reading are not conflictive; they can serve our reading together. (Viewpoint) Firstly, as an unfailing source of good books, the online library is massive. (Topic sentence) Sometimes if we cannot find a book in the physical bookstore, we can find it online. Also, whenever you want to bend over in the book world, you can take out your digital devices to read, which can be your mobile phone, Kindle, iPad, etc. The convenient reading helps us to fully use the fragmented time. On the other hand, we exult over the low price of those E-books which make the immense knowledge world accessible to us. While on the other hand, paper reading as our traditional reading style has maintained its popularity for thousands of years. (Topic sentence) The paper books are the archive of our minds. With the weight inour hands and the smell in the pages, we can naturally calm down when reading the paper books. Also, reading paper books damages our eyes less compared with the E-books. Living in modern society, we have realized the significance of reading. Both the E-books and paper books have their own advantages for us to read better; a wise reader always knows which one to choose with different reading needs under certain circumstances. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 ⽏庸置疑 beyond controversy 普遍趋势 ubiquitous trend 全局 the whole picture 动摇 unsettle vt. 偏好 have a predilection for …… 的不竭源泉 unfailing source of …… 沉浸于 bend over in 为 ⽽狂喜 exult over …… 思想的寄托 the archive of minds 亮点句式 There are resolutions for paper reading that cannot be unsettled. 【译⽂】 很多⼈对纸质阅读的决⼼是不可动摇的。 【分析】 意为 不可动摇的决 the resolution that cannot be unsettled “ ⼼ 。这个⼩句可以⽤在很多话题之中，⽐如： ” My resolution towards （我对梦想的决⼼是绝对不可动摇的。） dream cannot be unsettled.Essay 062 电⼦⽀付 现⾦⽀付 vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on the way of payment, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the new payment way, especially your opinion on whether it will replace all the cash payment. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Cash Is No Longer Necessary Thanks to the huge development of the Internet, a trendy new form of payment is gradually taking the place of face-to-face cash payments. The new way is usually called mobile payment, for it is often accomplished by some mobile devices. And nowadays, the wild enthusiasm towards the new method has not seen any signs of declining. With the ubiquitous usage of mobile phones, the mobile payments are witnessing its booming era. According to a recent survey, 70% of Internet users are considering it's no longer necessary to carry cash anymore. The majority of customers are using their phones to make payments. More and more people are bewitched by the mobile payments, for it is bringing huge convenience to our life. Wecan almost buy everything in the fast payment way. From tickets for cinema to shopping in the mall, we are forming a cashless life. The reason why the new type of payment is so popular is multiple. Besides the pleasant enjoyment it has brought to the customers, many retailers use it voluntarily due to its convenience. If you don't follow the herd, you can get a loss in your business, which is beyond controversy. Excerpt 2 The Defect of the Mobile Payment The growing number in mobile payment has shown the advent of a new life style. It has solved problems for us from trivial stuff to formal ones. However, the coin always has two sides. The mobile payment is not flawless. First, some users are not that familiar with this new method. So the payment can be really slow especially in rush hours. What's more, the mobile payment is electronic. It means that if you haven't brought any cash with you but the cell phone has run out of power, then you probably will get into trouble. Always carrying a bit of cash with you is a wise choice, or sometimes, for a person without cash, the loss of phones or the breaking down of your devices can be the doom of a miserable day. Also, in less developed areas the mobile payments are not accepted or even acknowledged by people. They trust the real paper money instead of the untouchable kind. And from the perspective of privacy, the mobile payments are born with the risk of data privacy and financial security. 审题⽴意 本篇作⽂题⽬为电⼦⽀付是否会取代现⾦⽀付。在新的技术与经 济发展的推动下，微信、⽀付宝等⽀付⽅式已经逐渐成为⼤众所认可 的⽀付⽅式，但是这种新的⽀付⽅式也有⾃⾝的缺点与隐患，考⽣需 要在阅读两则材料的基础上，结合⾃⾝经历提出⾃⼰对电⼦⽀付的看 法。写作框架 总结材料中关于电⼦⽀付的利与弊。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⼀⽅⾯应该表述电⼦⽀付给我们的⽣活带来 的便利，另⼀⽅⾯也应该客观说明其不⾜之处。 总结观点。电⼦⽀付会成为我们⽣活中不可或缺的⽀付⽅式， 但是由于其⽀付特点，不会完全取代现⾦⽀付。 精彩范⽂ Be in Rapport with the Changing Payment Ways Nowadays, the highly developed application in mobile devices has brought us the mobile payment. The newly popular payment way has received both praise and abuse. On the one hand, it has greatly facilitated our daily life. Saving the burden of carrying money, we can literally buy everything with mobile payment. On the other hand, there are risks with the mobile payments. As far as I am concerned, though the mobile payment is taking us by storm and is going to benefit more people, it won't completely replace cash payment. (Viewpoint) Compared with the traditional payment ways, mobile payment has shuffled off the troubles like forgetting to carry money with us or taking care of our wallets all the time. It is convenient and feasible. (Topic sentence) And as an electronic bill, it can record our spending. Used in daily activities, the mobile payment has become a very comfortable lifestyle. Living in a society which is full of new technology and information, what we need is totally different from the past. For most of the time, nimble fingers and a nimble mind are needed at the same time. However, behind the delight some problems arise. (Topic sentence) The mobile payment has its stake at the very beginning. We can be hampered by the mobile payment sometimes, for it relies on the phones and the Internet. So if the phone is broken or lost, then the payment is gone. What's more, if a certain place is out of electricity, then the mobile payment shall be forced to be remiss in its duty.In conclusion, the mobile payment is no doubt an ingenious way in our life. But to prevent the incidents, we'd better always have a second plan. (Conclusion) That is to say, carrying some cash with you is always the right choice. 主题词汇 与 融洽 be in rapport with …… 褒贬不⼀ receive both praise and abuse 使 便利 facilitate vt. …… 摆脱 shuffle off 灵活的⼿指 nimble fingers 敏捷的头脑 nimble mind 为某事物所累 be hampered by 玩忽职守 remiss in its duty 新颖的 ingenious adj. 亮点句式 The mobile payment has its stake at the very beginning. 【译⽂】 电⼦⽀付的⻛险⼀开始就存在。 【分析】 表⽰某事物⼀开始 sth. has its stake at the very beginning 就存在⻛险，通常表⽰强调。⽴⾝处世篇 Essay 063 顺境 逆境 vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on prosperity and adversity, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the two different life conditions, especially on which one you think is better for the long run in life. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Underdog Effect Human life is like a journey. Its difference from a real journey is that the destinations and sceneries in life are not decided by its tourists. Everyone experiences the ups and downs in life. Although it is commonly accepted that life is easier in smooth water and harder when you face obstacles, hard situations can be the motivations in life, too. 肢端肥⼤症 Despite Goliath's acromegaly ( ) in doctors' eyes, the duel between David and Goliath is always an inspiring story. And if we take alook at underdogs in society, we'll find the autobiographies of them usually contain two components: the adverse situation and the strong desire to break through. The underdogs usually have a tough heart which is practiced from their weak position. Compared with the person who's used to the feeling of No.1, people in hard situations focus more on their goals and improvement. The reality endows them with the consciousness to know themselves clearly and gives them the perseverance to reshuffle their life. Therefore, people are tougher in adversities and have more faith in pursuing success. Excerpt 2 Success Is Easier in Favorable Conditions Although the adverse situation in life is unavoidable, it is for sure that a favorable circumstance is better for our success. In the advantageous position, our behaviors are easily to be rewarded. A favorable place means more resources and help. And there's no doubt that everyone is yearning for the realization of expectations in life. As we all know, a higher position brings a better view. For the young people who want to lead a life at his or her own sweet will, the well-off conditions are the door for dreams. Assume we are striving hard for the livelihood; then our pursuit of dream can only be delayed. For our personal development, the adverse situation is like a cage that leaves no room for us to fly while the favorable circumstance is the wide sky for us to flex our wings. It is estimated that about 100 million people suffer from various mental illnesses in China. The huge number of mental disease cannot be separated from the pressures in our daily life. The more difficulties we meet in life, the more stressful and anxious we are. 审题⽴意 本篇作⽂的话题是常⻅的顺境、逆境之说。到底是逆境使⼈坚忍 不拔、出类拔萃，还是顺境使⼈如虎添翼、顺⽔推⾈？这是⼀个值得我们思考的问题。⼀⽅⾯，在逆境中挣扎的⼈能够更加坚强，对⾃⼰ 的认识也会更加清醒。所谓的 劣势者效应 即指⼈们其实更加愿意⽀ “ ” 持较为弱势的⼀⽅，如今盛⾏的草根⽂化也可以说是这种效应的体 现。另⼀⽅⾯，在顺境之中，我们有更多可利⽤的资源去提升⾃⼰， ⽽且顺境之中的⼈们在⼀定基础上会进步得更快，从⽽更容易获得成 功。考⽣需要结合两则材料，发表⾃⼰的⻅解。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点：逆境锻炼⼈，顺境成就⼈。 发表⾃⼰的观点。顺境与逆境多半⾝不由⼰，但是⼼态与⽃志 皆由⾃⼰。 总结观点。⽣活的路是漫⻓的，其中种种酸甜苦辣只有当事⼈ 才能体会。顺境与逆境并⾮静⽌不变的状态，所谓 祸兮，福之所倚； “ 福兮，祸之所伏 。我们唯有稳定⼼态，持续努⼒，才能成为⼈⽣赢 ” 家。 精彩范⽂ No One's an Inborn Paragon The topics about life are usually spoken in a philosophical tone. It's probably because life has vividly exemplified the philosophical sense that everything is dynamic. Actually, we cannot even predict what will happen tomorrow. And different people hold different attitudes toward life. A large number of people are taking adverse situations as practice and the warm- ups before they succeed, while others prefer more smooth experiences, for we are all pursuing good stuff in life. In my opinion, although we are not the directors of our fate, we are not supposed to bemoan life when depressed or become complacent when proud. (Viewpoint) Life is a consecutive process and everything we learn from the hard times shall be valuable experience. (Topic sentence) Everyone can be trapped in the vast abyss, but not everyone can remember to look up atthe stars. When life gives you lemons, make lemonade. Our willpower and good wishes are the weapons to support the hard times. And also, we are stronger in the process of solving the problems. Finally, the glory that we stooped to conquer is much more meaningful, for it represents not only our ability but also our growth. On the other hand, we must admit that a better condition provides us a better life which is of great importance to our well-being. (Topic sentence) No one's expecting to change life drastically and taking the plunge in life is definitely the last choice. The favorable circumstances protect us from suffering. We make our dreams come true based on the resources and advantages under good conditions. A preeminent person is always a collection of extremely rich life experiences. (Conclusion) The only way to be more mature is to accept all the rises and falls in life. Everything in life has its own dualities and we should keep a modest and optimistic attitude towards them. 主题词汇 优秀的⼈，完⼈ paragon n. 为 感到叹息 bemoan vt. …… 连续的 consecutive adj. 深渊 abyss n. 忍辱取胜 stoop to conquer 彻底地 drastically adv. 孤注⼀掷 take the plunge 出类拔萃的 preeminent adj. 亮点句式 Everyone can be trapped in the vast abyss, but not everyone can remember to look up at the stars.【译⽂】 每个⼈都有可能陷⼊困境，但并不是每个⼈都能记得仰 望星空。 【分析】 此句中的 仰望星空 意为 看到希望 。该句源于王尔德 “ ” “ ” （ ）的语录，原句为： Oscar Wilde We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars.Essay 064 追求梦想还是安于现状？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about pursuing a dream or accepting things as they are, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the topic, especially your opinion on life choices. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Fighting for Dreams Dream is an abstract definition that everyone talks a lot about, but nobody has ever really touched it. Like the wind, a dream warms us; unlike the wind, a dream is barely around us; nevertheless, we still long for dreams and make every effort to realize them. Dreams keep us young and vigorous. Even if sensibilities always have rational reasons that sense cannot understand, living in accordance with both efforts and wishes enhances our hope for life. Although the roads to our dream is not always decorated with glory and flowers, in the process of realizing our dream we are improving step by step. A person with a dream is moving with ambitions. They plan life in advance and make each day count.Dreamers lead the social trend and create history. From trivial inventions that facilitate our life to the subversive revolution that promotes the wheels of human civilizations, the great minds were all great dreamers. Refusing to be satisfied with temporary life, the dreamers lead a life of realizing wills and fantastic ideas. Just as two roads diverge in the yellow wood, they choose the one less travelled by and that has made their life different. These dreamers were not limited by their present situation and they fought for their dreams bravely. Excerpt 2 Be Content with Life To chase after dreams or to be content with present situation is the choice many people encounter in life. Yet wanting more means paying more. On the contrary, to settle down is probably to lead a life of peace. Being content with life denotes the satisfaction of oneself. Such personalities bring us stability. Without the fierce struggle, we can hold an idea of enjoying life. However, ease isn't equivalent to cease. Compared with wading into a certain target, people who are content with life are soft and unwilling to stir into worldly disputes. Not hurrying to a certain goal, they sketch a whole picture of life happily. On the other hand, aiming high is to take risks. Sometimes we consider our own life as a gold mine. With digging, we know ourselves deeper and deeper. And the expectation towards it never stops. But without knowing where the limitation is, we dig and dig and then the gold mine could collapse. The sense is the same as giving up the present peaceful life to pursue dreams. There's no guarantee that your probing into dreams will bring success. For many occasions, being content with what you already have is the way to be happier. 审题⽴意 本作⽂题⽬是关于追求梦想或者安于现状的取舍。梦想是每⼀个 ⼈⼼中的美好期盼；梦想使我们更加坚强，努⼒成为更好的⼈；然⽽，追梦常常与现实的条件相冲突。曾经⼀句 世界那么⼤，我想去看 “ 看 道出了很多⼈的⼼声，⼜⼀句 理想很丰满，现实很⾻感 也说出了 ” “ ” 很多⼈的⽆奈；在不顾⼀切追求梦想与满⾜于已有⽣活、享受平静幸 福之间，你会做出怎样的选择呢？考⽣在阅读两则材料的基础上，发 表⾃⼰的⻅解。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，梦想的⼒量以及对已有的⽣活感 到满⾜的好处。 发表⾃⼰的观点。观点⽐较灵活，不同的⼈会做出不同的⽣活 选择。但是为了做出正确的选择，我们最好思考⼀下梦想的可⾏性以 及⾃⼰的能⼒。 总结观点，⽣活的终极⽬标就是幸福。⼈活⼀⽣，⽆论是为梦 想孤注⼀掷还是享受⽣活，平静度⽇，只要⾃⼰的内⼼⽆怨⽆悔，感 到值得就好。 精彩范⽂ The Moon or Sixpence As the famous conflict in the book of W. Somerset Maugham about the moon and sixpence, the choice is every one's to make. Whether to leave no retreat in pursuing a dream and being in peril of losing the present peace or take life as the way it is has generated great divergences. Many people think we ought to pursue the dream because it brings ambitions and energy. Others are prone to be content with present life and enjoy what we have. As I see it, a dream is an indispensable part of our creed and we should fight for it. (Viewpoint) Basically, everyone has a dream. Although not every dream is as splendid as Martin Luther King's, every dream is a good wish and deserves to be valued. (Topic sentence) Chasing after dreams is the efficient way to keep us energetic to fulfill each minute of our life. Andunder many circumstances, the realizing of a dream hides behind the surface of life. With one more step, we may break the fetter of illusion and make our dream come true. However, as William Shakespeare said: Every cloud engenders not a storm. Not all your great plans bring happy endings. (Topic sentence) A judicious choice is made after appraisal. The feasibility of your dream and the ability of yourself can be important references. Evaluate our ability and make sure we can afford the cost of doing what we want so that our life would not be grey even if we failed. In conclusion, everyone should be the master of life. (Conclusion) As an independent creature, we need to assert our wills. As long as we have followed the inner voice and would not regret about our decisions, the moon or sixpence is equally meaningful. 主题词汇 必不可少的 indispensable adj. 信条；教义 creed n. 分歧 divergence n. 冒着 的危险 in peril of …… 倾向于 be prone to …… 对 满⾜ be content with …… 明智的 judicious adj. 评估 appraisal n. 可⾏性 feasibility n. 亮点句式 The feasibility of your dream and the ability of yourself can be important references.【译⽂】 我们应该仔细考虑梦想的可⾏性以及个⼈能⼒的⼤⼩。 【分析】 意为 某物可以作为重要的 ... can be important references “ 参考 ，可以⽤来表⽰考虑某种因素或者在决定某事时应该想到什么因 ” 素。Essay 065 内向性格 外向性格 vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the introverts and the extroverts, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the pros and cons of the two personalities. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Actions Speak Louder than Words Society generally gives high credit to the person who is friendly and open to talk. Well, this commonly accepted social value can actually place introverts into an awkward situation. As we know, introverts tend to be more private and favor individual activities over social ones. “Are you an extrovert or an introvert?” is a very common question in our daily life. The question can be proposed by a company's human resources department or your new acquaintance. From the linguistic perspective, we have always heard that what we say is what we are, for one's words and expressions can show one's mental world. But what if someone just doesn't like to talk? Does that mean the person is unworthy to trust or not a friendly person?While the common social value favors extroverts, the introverts are a huge power in society. Their strength can be secretive but still strong. Actually, there are many famous people who are introverts. They speak less but contribute more to our cultures and social improvement. And usually their quiet temperament has helped them succeed. Guess it's time for the public to stop the peripheral criticism towards the introverts. Excerpt 2 Pull the Trigger of Words Different from the introverts, the extroverts are bound up in social activities and they are willing to start a conversation. These outgoing people seem to have a secret list of endless topics. And usually they are the most welcomed people in social networks. If you ask what the most important skill is in the 21st century, a great communicating ability would be the first answer that occurs to most people. It's good to have a conversation without boring others which can lead a perfect connection and a fully understanding. As the spirit of being polite, a nice and pleasant conversation is always needed. By doing so, the harmonious social relationships are built. Just as the American famous science guy Bill Nye said, “Everyone you will ever meet knows something that you don't.” Be an outgoing person, we can always share opinions and ideas with others and learn more. The characteristics of extroverts which include the open mind towards different opinions and the optimistic attitude are the key points that make them popular. 审题⽴意 社会上关于内向、外向性格⼀直存在争议。有⼈说外向性格，尤 其是良好的沟通能⼒是当今社会中必不可少的，也有⼈说内向性格的 ⼈更适合深⼊思考，更有可能成为领导⽅向的⼈物。对于两种性格的 利弊，每个⼈都有⾃⼰的看法，考⽣可以结合材料，提出⾃⼰对于这 两种性格特点的看法。写作框架 总结两则材料，归纳内向的⼈与外向的⼈不同的性格特点。 发表⾃⼰的观点：性格并⽆优劣，不论⾃⼰是哪种性格特点， 都应该客观地认识到两种性格的优点，应该学⼈所⻓、完善⾃我。 总结观点：属于哪种性格并⾮是决定我们⼈⽣的关键，我们要 根据⾃⼰的性格特点，努⼒过⼀个美满的⼈⽣。 精彩范⽂ Be a Lucid Thinker as well as a Forcible Speaker The argument between introverts and extroverts has never stopped. We tend to categorize people into two kinds according to their different characteristics. The introverts are more silent and distanced. We can hardly see an introvert become the center of a crowd of people, while the extroverts are usually talking with others. Each personality has its own pros and cons. As far as I am concerned, there's no such thing as a better personality. Figuring out which type of personality we belong to is a sign for us to learn from other personalities to polish ourselves. (Viewpoint) Generally speaking, introverts are more likely to shun society. (Topic sentence) The amicable relations are not that tempting to them but they have their own circle of intimate friends. The introverts are more calm and solitude, instead of indulging in redundant words and binge. They are always lucid thinkers. Compared with expressing thoughts out, they prefer chewing on them all by their own. On the contrary, an extrovert is seldom the wet blanket in social interactions. Pursuing the boisterous mirth from group activities, the extroverts are better at communicating and team work. They are always the forcible speakers. They talk to people even if they disagree with them deeply on a personal level. Always being passionate without hesitation, extroverts are such type of people who prefer sharing thoughts. (Topic sentence)According to what has been stated above, the extroverts and the introverts are partners. This is perhaps too absolute, but it is not easy to disprove that the two kinds of personalities are neck to neck. They can always learn from each other and complete themselves. Actually, whether someone is an extrovert or an introvert doesn't matter. After all, the ultimate goal is that one can conquer the problems in life with strenuous efforts and be happy. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 头脑清晰的 lucid adj. 有说服⼒的 forcible adj. 避免社交；逃避社会 shun society 友好关系 amicable relations 狂欢 binge n. 扫兴的⼈ the wet blanket 喧闹的欢笑 boisterous mirth 艰苦的努⼒ strenuous effort 亮点句式 The argument between introverts and extroverts has never stopped. 【译⽂】 关于内向和外向的争论从未停⽌过。 【分析】 ，该句式通常可以⽤来描 the argument has never stopped 述材料中所给的观点，⽐如说， 关于 的争论没有停⽌过 ，接下 “ …… ” 来就可以说明两种不同的观点。Essay 066 要不要将⾃⼰与他⼈⽐较？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about comparing ourselves to others, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the comparisons between different people, especially your opinion on whether such comparisons are good or bad for your development. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Break a Narrow Mind by Seeing More The act of finding out the differences and similarities between two people or two objects is usually called comparison. By viewing ourselves and others, we get to see that the world consists of various people. Therefore, we break our comfort zone and get the clue that the world is not exactly as we thought in mind. Living in a group environment, each and every single human being is learning more about the world by self- improvement as well as by learning from others. Specifically, we enrich our experience and knowledge system by comparison. Comparisons between different people avoid isolations. One can only improve constantly by knowing what's weak about him or herself. Since wecannot always see ourselves clearly, this process is finished through the comparisons. After comparison, we begin to learn. Comparison is also acting as a mirror in our life. By comparison, we have complete understanding towards what is right and wrong. We human beings are not supposed to live in a vacuum environment. Interactions and comparisons help us improve. The comparison process is actually a sharing process. We exchange information about each other and therefore acquire new knowledge. Excerpt 2 The Thief of Joy Often, the motivation behind comparison is a wish not to fall behind. But the specific life conditions are different from person to person. Therefore, comparison is unfair from the very beginning. Besides, comparison diverts our attention away from our own merits to others' achievement. Everyone in this world is too unique to be compared to others. No comparing system can finish a proper and complete comparison between different people. The direct results of comparison are either our useless pride or the unnecessary resentment towards others. Yet neither of them can add value or fulfillment to our life. As Theodore Roosevelt pointed out for the world, “Comparison is the thief of joy.” Comparison between each other is one of the most frequent activities in our society and it seems that there are always metrics for us to compare ourselves to others, like the comparison of grades in school, jobs, income, or even the size of houses. Life is never peaceful with the infinite types of comparison with an infinite number of people. 审题⽴意 要不要将⾃⼰与他⼈进⾏⽐较是有关⼈性的重要论题。有⼈说： ⽐较使我们知是⾮、明得失，通过⽐较，我们知不⾜，有则改之，⽆ 则加勉。所谓知⼰知彼，百战不殆，只有通过不断的对⽐和了解，我们才能避免闭门造⻋。但是同时也有⼈提出，⼈⽣中的⽐较是永⽆⽌ 境的，⼀直与他⼈⽐较只会令我们迷失⾃我。⼈们的境遇各不相同， 横向对⽐既不公平，也⽆意义。关于⽐较，考⽣持有什么样的看法 呢？结合材料，表达观点。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，通过对⽐，我们能更 好地了解⾃⼰，了解世界；另⼀⽅⾯，⽐较的背后有⼈性中固有的虚 荣⼼与嫉妒⼼，过度关注他⼈，容易迷失⾃⼰的⽅向。 发表⾃⼰的观点。为了不闭塞，不⾃我，我们需要适当地看看 别⼈；但是更重要的是，我们要与⾃⼰⽐较，不要妄⾃菲薄，更不要 好⾼骛远，这样才能健康成⻓。 总结观点。⽬光⻓远者不惆怅，⽬标明确者不迷茫。我们在⽣ 活中要想明⽩⾃⼰想要的是什么，与⼈⽐较是为了⾃⼰更快的成⻓， 这样我们才不会为⽆谓的情绪所累。 精彩范⽂ Seeking the True Nobility The meaning of comparison between different people has been hotly disputed in our society. Some think that it is legitimate to compare ourselves to others to have a better understanding of ourselves. Others agree that we need to focus on our own life since the nobility lies in being superior to the previous self, as Earnest Hemingway pointed out for us. As far as I am concerned, comparing ourselves to others is optional and comparing with ourselves is optimal. (Viewpoint) Firstly, comparing ourselves to others from time to time gives us inspirations in life. (Topic sentence) No one is perfect and omniscient. By comparison, we see the difference between others and ourselves so that we begin to think and then, we begin to learn. However, we should really pick the right person to compare ourselves to like those who have done greatwork or have great virtue. Also, do not snort at the comparison results, rather, we compare humbly. Otherwise, negative emotions like envy will be in the womb of time. Secondly, always try to be a first-rate version of ourselves. (Topic sentence) Everybody leads a life that is backed by his or her own experiences and talents. We should really pursue greater things in life with all our unique advantages lying squarely in front of us. Therefore, always compare with ourselves and always be better than yesterday. In all, having a flair for what is right and wrong is always necessary. (Conclusion) Set clear goals for life so that we do not get confused. The ultimate purpose of comparison is learning and improving but not competing. Therefore, do not be debilitated in a visional ferocious atmosphere of competition. We need to compete less to appreciate more in life. 主题词汇 合理的 legitimate adj. 最佳的 optimal adj. 全知的 omniscient adj. 轻视 snort at 在酝酿中 in the womb of time 正好地 squarely adv. 对 有鉴别⼒ have a flair for …… 疲惫不堪的 debilitated adj. 残忍的 ferocious adj. 亮点句式 Some think that it is legitimate to compare ourselves to others to have a better understanding of ourselves.【译⽂】 有⼈认为，通过与他⼈⽐较来更好地了解⾃⼰是合理 的。 【分析】 意为 是合理的 。此句型常常可以 It's legitimate to... “…… ” ⽤在作⽂中，如 等。 It's legitimate to ask/to doubt/to consider...Essay 067 关于成熟 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about psychological maturity, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards psychological maturity, especially your opinion on its value. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Maturity Is an Ability with Cost Even if the question about how much the psychological development will affect our life has been frequently raised, the issue is still in need of more attention. Unlike the intellectual abilities, maturity is an excellent capability that is based on one's emotional quotient. Yet for individuals, owning a mature character may mean a higher standard on behaviors and emotions. Since the clearest norm for maturity is one's reactions and behaviors, one being mature or not may depend on his or her proficiency level towards the issue or the degree of our attentiveness on it. Maturity itself has contained a sacrifice of one's emotions and preference. And maturity is relative.On the other hand, maturity is always a social concept. To have a more tolerant character, we need to contain our own emotions from time to time. Surely it's good to learn the puritan spirit to be a better person. Yet restiveness is necessary, for everyone is to be different from others. No one can expect good words from everyone. Therefore, while trying to be more mature, we need to know that a mediocre person is not worrisome but a slick one is pathetic. Excerpt 2 Immatureness Is an Addiction to Reliance Maturity has always been praised as one of the virtues one can acquire via experience and practice since it is usually equal to calm and wise personalities in our society. Growing up in a cozy and comfortable environment, many of the new generation lack the ability of leading an independent life. Although maturity is to the character of an adult as carbon to steel, it has become a rarity in young people nowadays. Nowadays, many of the young people are labeled as “momma's boys” or even ironically called the “giant babies” which indicates the huge contrast between their physiological maturity and psychological immatureness. Psychological maturity is a very important quality for individuals to adapt to the environment and respond to challenges appropriately. It helps us to set meaningful goals in life and realize them with confidence. From education to job hunting, blind dates to marriages, it is not hard to see the traces of the busy parents everywhere. Underneath the parents- dominated phenomenon, we see a bunch of lazy young people waiting for food piteously. It's an issue that matters a lot to the future development of our society. In other words, how can we expect a vigorous and innovative society when the pillars of it have already lost aspirations? 审题⽴意 随着社会对个⼈能⼒的关注，个⼈的⼼理成熟程度也成为社会热 点问题之⼀。成熟本⾝是⼀个⼴泛的概念，它可以指宇宙万物的⾃然⽣⻓规律，也可以指个体到达某⼀阶段后的⼀种状态。就⼈类⽽⾔， ⽣理的成熟是可以随着年龄的增⻓和时间的推移⽽实现的，但是⼼理 的成熟却是⽆关年龄的。缺乏对环境做出适当反应的能⼒是当代很多 年轻⼈的软肋。但是另⼀⽅⾯，成熟常常意味着对⾃我情绪及真实需 求的控制与抑制。同时，成熟也经常与世故联系在⼀起。对于这个问 题，考⽣是如何考虑的呢？结合材料，发表⾃⼰的观点。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，成熟的⼼智是个⼈在 与所处环境的不断斡旋中通过不断的学习形成的。在这个过程中，成 熟与⽆条件的妥协很难区分。另⼀⽅⾯，⼀个不成熟的⼈是⽆法拥有 ⼀个独⽴⽽精彩的⼈⽣的。 发表⾃⼰的观点。成熟并⾮虚与委蛇，并⾮意味着⼀个矮化的 ⼈格；相反，成熟是外物与本⼼的和谐，是⼀个⼈能对⾃⼰的⽣活负 责的前提。 总结观点。成熟与否是⼀个相对的概念，也是⼀个抽象的概 念。从个⼈⾓度来讲，成熟对于每个⼈的要求都不同。因此，与其将 其作为信条⾼⾼挂起，不如不断学习，在实践中领悟适合⾃⼰的成熟 的⽣活⽅式。 精彩范⽂ Away from the Leading Strings Psychological maturity is the precondition for us to be an independent person in society. It is of great importance for young people to be mature enough to handle their own life. With the young generation showing the tendency of relying on their parents, there is a growing awareness towards the issue of maturity. On the one hand, maturity is not endowed. Rather, it needs to be gained with challenging experiences and compromises in life. On the other hand, it is worrisome to see many young people today considerindependence as a hard task, not to mention the ability of striving to get ahead despite all impediments in their path. In my opinion, true maturity is necessary for everyone and it refers to a peaceful state of mind in which we are capable of getting along with everything around us. (Viewpoint) Firstly, maturity is an essential part of our life and it enables us to live on our own humps. (Topic sentence) Maturity is an abstract definition that encompasses the clear awareness towards the meaning of life. It also contains our agile sense of knowing the right moves and the correct timing under all circumstances. A ragged colt may make a good horse with the power of maturity. Secondly, in order to be a mature person we have to be someone temperate in his or her habits. (Topic sentence) In the process of being more rational and calm, we may need to sacrifice the ignorant and capricious parts in us. However, these are not doleful losses. On the contrary, we forbear to indulge ourselves. Someone who loses the power to be self-restraint can never be a mature one and therefore can never achieve great things. Although the depiction of maturity is usually dubious to follow, everyone should try to find out the essence of it since maturity is what we need to become a better person. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 扶⼿索（指需要他⼈帮助） leading strings 阻碍 impediment n. 依靠⾃⼰过活 live on one's hump 令⼈悲伤的损失 doleful loss 克制；⾃制 forbear vi. 令⼈怀疑的 dubious adj. 精髓 essence n.亮点句式 1. A ragged colt may make a good horse with the power of maturity. 【译⽂】 凭借成熟的⼒量，丑驹也可能⻓成骏⻢。 【分析】 句中包含⼀个英⽂谚语，即 A ragged colt may make a 意为 丑驹可能⻓成骏⻢ 后⽣可畏 。 good horse. “ ( )” 2. Someone who loses the power to be self-restraint can never be a mature one and therefore can never achieve great things. 【译⽂】 没有⾃制⼒的⼈永远不会是⼀个成熟的⼈，因此也⽆法 达成伟业。 【分析】 句⼦主⼲是 Someone can never be a mature one and ⽽主语 后⾯跟了⼀个 therefore can never achieve great things. someone who 引导的定语从句，其中， 意为 丧失做某事的能 lose the power to do sth. “ ⼒ 。 ”Essay 068 我对运⽓的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about luck, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards luck, especially your opinion on the substance of luck. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Luck Matters in Life Luck as the presentation of supernatural power is often used to express our blessings to others. Although saying life is closely associated with luck sounds fatalistic, luck does exist. Owning perfect knowledge of odds, we may be able to predict things in life. But no one can calculate luck since it is full of unknown probabilities and because of its randomness, good luck is expected and treasured in life. The usual advice in life is to trust the power of effort, but not to count on the favor of luck. It is for the reason that effort is controllable in life but luck is not. Surely, success is full of great strategies and hard work. However, the trace of luck can also be seen in it. And that's why we see there are people who make all the right moves yet still are unsuccessful. No one can ever promise success or failure since we know luck is naughty.The world is a place that's filled with uncertainties. We human beings admit it and prepare for various situations in life. It's not nihilism. Rather, it's an objective recognition of life and a foundation of a better world outlook. Excerpt 2 Luck is the Humble Expression of the Endeavors There's no doubt that the focus of luck exists in our life from literally every aspect. The essence of luck has been discussed since ancient times. And the conclusion has been given that luck can be earned and accumulated, for it is the reward of our talents and efforts. The appearance of luck is the result of the joint actions. A good mindset is the precondition of handling things calmly; a sense of humor is the support when we are knocked down; focus promises our dedication even in tough situations; building a social network helps you thrive in working; learning from others avoids the painful setbacks. All the above is the dispensable elements in success and they all depend on our own effort. Therefore, another definition for luck is the accumulation of hard work. Actually, those who trust in hard work rather than luck will lead a happier life. They believe that success and happiness can be earned by effort. Although we usually say to others: catch a break, yet the extremely rare breakthroughs can only be caught when we have a solid quantitative foundation. 审题⽴意 运⽓的作⽤⼀直饱受争议。有⼈说： 运⽓在⼈⽣中是真实存在 “ 的，尽管⽆法预料，⽆从追寻，但是运⽓在我们的⼈⽣与成功中扮演 着很重要的⾓⾊。正确认识这些⼈⽣中不可控的因素使我们对待⽣活 更加淡然乐观。 但是针对此话题，也有⼈认为，运⽓是能者与努⼒者 ” 的谦辞。好运的诞⽣必然饱含着前期的努⼒与积累，是量变达成了质 变。考⽣对于 运⽓ 有什么⻅解呢？结合材料，发表⾃⼰的看法。 “ ”写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，运⽓是真实存在的， 在⼈⽣中起着重要的作⽤。另⼀⽅⾯，所谓运⽓就是不断努⼒的结 果，是个⼈能⼒的积累、厚积薄发的产物。 发表⾃⼰的观点。个⼈认为，运⽓是真实存在的，其组成部分 既包括我们⽆法掌控的偶然因素，也包括我们努⼒后的必然因素。 总结观点。 ⼈⽣在勤，不索何获。 ⽆法预测偶然，我们就牢 “ ” 牢掌握必然，相信天道酬勤，越努⼒就会越幸运。 精彩范⽂ We Cannot Count on Sheer Luck Ramifications are always there when it comes to the topic of luck. Some believe that as one of the unpredictable elements in life, luck does exist. Others consider luck as the synonym of the constant effort. In my opinion, luck is a hybrid of the uncertain occurrences and a certain amount of effort. And the most intriguing part about luck is we can expect it, but cannot rely on it. (Viewpoint) Firstly, the role of luck in our life should not be downplayed. (Topic sentence) For many miracle moments that we cannot explain in normal sense, there must be some credit that belongs to good luck. And if failure still comes to us after all the struggle we have paid, then maybe bad luck shall be blamed on. Believing in the existence of luck is not hindsight. Rather, it is a fully prepared attitude to face any situations. Also, the belief in luck leads us to be grateful when good things happen and calm when bad things occur. Secondly, part of luck is still decided by us. That's saying dedications and abilities will always get paid in life. (Topic sentence) Randomness is not playing an inordinate role in luck. Life is a huge web of causes and effects. We should believe nothing in life is pre-ordained. And the only indisputable thing about luck is never to strip away the stock of efforts in it. What's more, you will still miss the chance that you luckilymeet if you are not prepared for it. Just as the saying goes, chance favors those who are prepared. In all, we should hold a positive view towards luck and make an effort to get some luck. (Conclusion) As we say, “no pain, no gain”. Luck belongs to the hard working people. After all, strong will and endurance are needed in breaking a leg. 主题词汇 纯粹的；绝对的 sheer adj. 混合物；混⾎⼉ hybrid n. 不予重视；将 轻描淡写 downplay vt. …… 后⻅之明；事后诸葛 hindsight n. 太多的；过度的 inordinate adj. 预先注定的 pre-ordained adj. ⽆可争议的 indisputable adj. 除去；剥离 strip away 祝好运 break a leg 亮点句式 Ramifications are always there when it comes to the topic of luck. 【译⽂】 当涉及运⽓的话题时，总是有各种各样的分歧。 【分析】 ⼀词意为 分歧；分⽀ ，可以⽤在作⽂开头 ramification “ ” 处，引出两⽅观点，⼜如： There are always ramifications on... （在 上，总有⼀些分歧。） ……Essay 069 我对⾃由的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about freedom, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards freedom, especially your opinion on its essence. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Everyone Is Born Free In a dictionary, the word freedom refers to the right to do what you want without being controlled or restricted by anyone. However, in real life, the definition of freedom is so broad that it literally associates with all sides of our society. Though knowing how tiny we are in the universe, we human beings are leading pleasant life with the absolute recognition of free will and free rights. Among the many reasons for which we love the modern world is the assurance of the citizen's freedom. The liberty in opinions and expressions, the right to choose work or education and the total control of our own life direction are all the very first vantages that shape a real person. Freedom is our basic needs in life that shows a lot on a country's civilized condition.Freedom brings human beings happiness. As Sándor Petőfi has spoke out the voice of all human beings that life and love can all be given up for the sake of freedom. Freedom is valuable and inseparable in human society, for it provides chances for innovations and creations. The right to be free is endowed to everyone and that is what truly makes us equal. Excerpt 2 Society Needs Constraints To be free is the basic right of modern citizens. However, freedom cannot be used as a defense system. Without constraint, the freedom of most people in a community can not be guaranteed, since there must be conflicts among those who act at their own will without considering other people's rights. What's more, the potency of laws will be ignored if the total freedom is applied in our court and the guilt claims what they have done is out of free will. As rights and obligations are always mentioned together, freedom and constraints are indivisible in the modern world. Freedom is based on the request and the self-consciousness of individuals. For instance, the freedom of online speeches is always used for ill intentions nowadays. Causing unscrupulous comments and the misguidance to public affairs, the freedom without limits is the excuses of damaging the social orders. As we can see, such total freedom brings us foolishness and blindness. Also, no true freedom can be lasted without the support of rules. We are actually protected by the laws and moral constraints in our society that shelter us from others' threatening actions. 审题⽴意 ⾃由是什么？这是⼀个从古⾄今⼈们⼀直在思考的问题。⾃由如 ⽔，其范围与定义随着历史与⽣产⼒的变化⽽变化。关于⾃由的多种 看法都是不同的社会环境、⽴场以及思维⽅式的产物。尽管⼈们对⾃ 由的看法并不统⼀，但是追求⾃由是⼈的本性。我们需要⾃由来保障 追求个性的权利，社会也需要⾃由保障⺠主⽂明的进步。但是另⼀⽅⾯，⾃由与约束的关系⼜⼗分有趣。没有约束，⾃由与⾃私地任意妄 为没有区别；考⽣如何看待⾃由呢？到底个⼈⾃由与社会约束之间是 否⽭盾呢？结合材料，发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，⾃由的意义不⾔⽽ 喻，我们⽣存的意义离开⾃由是⽆法实现的。另⼀⽅⾯，社会约束与 ⾃由之间的关系⼜常常让我们对什么是真正的⾃由感到困惑。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⽔能载⾈，亦能覆⾈。⾃由与社会便是⾈与 ⽔的关系。社会是个⼈权利的保障，⾃由的个体需要体现对社会约束 的尊重。 总结观点。⼈类⽣⽣不息，对于⾃由的讨论不会停⽌。随着社 会的发展，⾃由的意义也许会更加深刻。 精彩范⽂ A Tapestry of Freedom in Society Freedom is a magical word with poetic meaning and realistic significance. Although people approve the importance of freedom, they hold different opinions on its definition. Some say freedom is the innate right of human beings and it should be respected. Others stress that there is no absolute freedom and all the free rights must be based on the social constraints. As I see the issue, the two opinions are not opposite. In effect, freedom is not conflicted with the social constraints. (Viewpoint) First of all, freedom is the basic necessity for society. (Topic sentence) Freedom makes us energetic, for it allows us to take actions out of free will. A democratic society grows up from the seed of freedom. The flourishing science and technology is powered by freedom. As the light of innovative spirit, freedom is the core of social development. If a lawful citizen is deprived of freedom, the society that he or she lives in is not a modern and democratic one.In addition, social constraints which include the laws, conventions and moral rules are the safeguard for freedom. (Topic sentence) Constraint is not a barrier to freedom. It ensures that citizens' freedom will not be violated. Capsizing rules is pampering the perpetrating of crime and animosities which will make the wish of freedom backfire. We don't want the disorder in society to make a caricature of freedom. In conclusion, the personal interest is closely associated with the social progress. (Conclusion) Showing respect to social rules is not violating our free rights. The freedom we have is protected by the ordered and fair society. Besides, our freedom is supposed to contribute positive energy to human progress. I believe the definition of freedom shall change with the social changes. However, freedom can never appear without limitations. 主题词汇 关于 丰富多彩的画⾯ a tapestry of …… 实际上 in effect 被剥夺 be deprived of …… 核⼼ core n. 障碍 barrier n. 纵容 pamper vt. 颠覆 capsize vt. 犯罪 perpetrate a crime 憎恶 animosity n. 适得其反 backfire vi. 亮点句式 We don't want the disorder in society to make a caricature of freedom.【译⽂】 我们不希望社会的⽆序成为对⾃由的讽刺。 【分析】 意为 把某⼈画成漫画或讽刺画 ，此 make a caricature of “ ” 处指对某事产⽣讽刺效果。Essay 070 天赋 选择 vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about talents and choices, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards gifts and choices, especially their influence on our life. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Wrong Direction Leads Us Nowhere Arthur Schopenhauer, a German philosopher once said, “Talent hits a target no one else can hit; Genius hits a target no one else can see.” Although the great philosopher is always the spokesman for philosophical pessimism, the opinion on talents makes sense in our life. Thousands of eggs may give the world a good painter, but not a Leonardo da Vinci in the history of art without a painting gift. Believe it or not, it is talent that decides our directions and achievements in life. To be successful in a field, we need to know if we are suitable for this field or not firstly. Everyone has his or her own value and potential. Only by finding out what we are good at can we take a right path. Gifts are significant in our life, for they make everything worthwhile and reasonable.Knowing that setting a right direction in life is prior to the following effort, a growing number of people try to consider their abilities and talents in advance. Also, the consciousness of knowing their kids before they give any forms of education or trainings to them is also increasing among parents. Excerpt 2 Get Busy with the Controllable Part Choices are always important in our life. For thousands of years, the story of Fang Zhongyong who was a talented kid endowed with the amazing gift of writing poems, but finally withered away due to the absence of education has been popular in China. Usually the story is told to highlight the eternal question for kids: To learn, or not to learn. Our talent is a present; that's why it is called a gift. But eventually it's our choice to decide whether we open the gift or not. A gift is what we were born with and it is a case without us sitting in the jury, while choices are what we live with and they are the melody hummed by us. Or in other words, a gift is not one of the choices that we can make, but choices are all decided by us. A man's life is in fact the reflection of all the choices that he has made. The question of “who am I” can never be simply answered according to our configuration; rather, the answer is mostly showed in what we choose or refuse to do in life. 审题⽴意 尽管强调天赋多多少少有些 宿命论 的意味，但是天赋的⼒量在 “ ” ⼈的⼀⽣中很重要。在很⼤程度上，我们这些与⽣俱来的潜能决定了 我们⼈⽣的道路和⼈⽣中能够取得的成就。只有清晰的⾃我认知和发 掘潜⼒才能帮助我们获得成功。不过，天赋如何我们⽆法决定，⽣活 中的选择才是我们能控制的部分。在⼈⽣的道路上，能否做出正确的选择对于命运往往起着转折性的作⽤。考⽣可以根据⾃⼰的⼈⽣经 历，针对天赋与选择的⼒量，发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，对天赋的⼒量和选择的重要性进 ⾏总结。 发表⾃⼰的观点。天赋和选择对于个⼈的发展来讲都是⾄关重 要的。不过，那些与⽣俱来的因素⾮⼈⼒所能掌控，不如修炼提升个 ⼈能⼒，以期在⽣活中做出明智的选择。 总结观点。每⼀个⼈的成功都是多种原因共同作⽤的结果，我 们应该在不断了解⾃⼰的基础上，保持努⼒，保持清醒的头脑。 精彩范⽂ Nature and Nurture Everyone is born with some innate characteristics that distinguish him or her from the crowd and that are what we mean by talent. In our life, we are consistently reshaping our characteristics by the choices we make. Therefore, talents can be seen as our nature and choices are actually the nurture part. Some people think a gift is the deciding part in our life, for it determines what we are capable of. Others hold the idea that life consists of a series of choices. As far as I'm concerned, gifts are important in our life, but they are just needed to be discovered; Choices are more important, for they are needed to be made. (Viewpoint) This is perhaps too absolute, but cannot be disproved that a gift is the range of our abilities. (Topic sentence) In the various attempts in life, we get to know our limitations and advantages gradually, which means that we come to know what we are good at or not so as to avoid the inflated estimate of our abilities. And by sketching a clear picture of ourselves, we can get our bearings in life.However, solely focusing on talent is too pessimistic and we should be aware that we are who we choose to be. (Topic sentence) Even though we can't totally abandon the way we were born with, we can always choose to make strenuous efforts to get what we want. And we shall try our best to leave no regret in life. If life can be described as a dish, then I assume talents are the cooking materials and choices are the cooking ways. And whether the dish can have an aftertaste that lingers is decided by the two elements together, isn't it? (Conclusion) 主题词汇 先天与后天 nature and nurture 先天的，天⽣的 innate adj. 重塑 reshape vt. 反驳 disprove vt. 过⾼的估计 inflated estimate 定位 get one's bearings 悲观的 pessimistic adj. 余味 aftertaste n. 徘徊；继续存留 linger vt. 亮点句式 If life can be described as a dish, then I assume talents are the cooking materials and choices are the cooking ways. 【译⽂】 如果⽣活是⼀道佳肴，那么我认为天赋就是其中的烹饪 ⾷材，⽽选择是烹饪⽅法。【分析】 这句话考⽣可以⽤在很多作⽂话题中，只需将天赋和选 择替换即可。如： If life can be described as a dish, then I assume （如 thoughts are the cooking materials and actions are the cooking ways. 果⽣活是⼀道佳肴，那么思想是烹饪⾷材，⾏动是烹饪⽅法。）Essay 071 独处 社交 vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about solitude and sociality, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the two different lifestyles, especially your opinion on what kind of pattern is good for one's life. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Solitude Is the Glorious Part of Loneliness Finding a position in a group is what everyone does in human society. Yet a complete devotion into the social life may deprive our self- consciousness. Just as Jean-Paul Sartre once said, “Hell is other people”. Although living in groups is the innate characteristics of human beings, the importance of individuals is always devalued among a bunch of people. And surprisingly, short-term solitude may bring us some rest and peace, as well as some privacy and reflections. Solitude is not about the sociopath or the cynics. Rather, it refers to your preference on having more personal time than spending time with others. Solitude brings us the chance of listening to our inner voices. Without being disturbed by others' opinions, we can rely on our own scientificjudgment towards the world. Enjoying your solitude time is actually earning freedom which is rare in modern life. Also, shunning society from time to time provides us the possibility of arranging our time flexibly. Without catering to others' arrangement, we can know our authentic will. It's in this spirit that many people thrive on solitude and find out that in an age of bustle and hustle, the world actually needs solitude. Excerpt 2 Sociality Is Indispensable in Our Life As the Maslow's hierarchy of needs has showed us, human beings need to feel the sense of belonging and acceptance among their social groups. From colleagues to families, we always need to love and to be loved by others. And without the presence of the warmth we need from groups, we may be fragile in front of loneliness, anxieties or mental diseases. A study has found that the isolation from society increases the risk of heart disease by 29 percent and a stroke by 32 percent. As a fundamental requirement in our life, the sociality is not only influencing our development, it is also affecting our health conditions, both physically and mentally. In other words, our well beings are closely linked with our social surroundings. As we all know, the social group is a collection of different people. We grow into a complete human being in society. In getting along with others, we get to learn and improve. It helps us be clearer about our deficiencies and merits which are seldom evident when we are alone. Through interactions, we enrich our experiences and our personalities. 审题⽴意 随着社会的发展与科技的进步，现代⼈之间的沟通交流⼗分频 繁。整⽇的社交活动使得我们逐渐失去了很多独处的时间。在忙碌的 ⽣活中，很多⼈开始提倡独处的⽣活模式。相对于喧闹的社交活动， 独处更能使我们静⼼学习，深⼊思考。但是另⼀⽅⾯，⼈类作为群居动物，需要从社会中获得存在感与归属感。究竟什么是理想的⽣活模 式呢？考⽣可以结合⾃⾝的体会与经历，发表看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，独处使我们意识独 ⽴；另⼀⽅⾯，社交使我们⽣活丰富。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⽏庸置疑，社交是⼈类社会不可避免的活 动，不过社交也分必要与否。我们⿎励有质量的社交，同时留有⾃ ⼰ 复得返⾃然 般的独处时光。 “ ” 总结观点。⼀个⼈是多种性格与⾓⾊的综合产物。如何使得性 情与需求完美结合决定了⼀个⼈的价值及其能为社会做出的贡献。 精彩范⽂ Get Your Inner Equilibrium As time progresses, the argument between sociality and solitude in our society is fiercer than ever. Many proposed that sociality is an inseparable part of our life and it provides the settings to complete our characteristics. Others claimed that only as a solitary being can we get to know who we are and what we really want. In my opinion, sociality and solitude are all the requisites for life. The combination of two conflicted environments account for who we will turn out to be finally. (Viewpoint) First, there's no doubt that human beings are gregarious animals and we are always delighted about striking a responsive chord. (Topic sentence) With the identity of social beings, we get the recognitions and affections. For every exciting and depressed moment in life, there is someone to share and comfort us. We expand our horizons in the interactions. Not to mention the fact that we undertake the mission of pushing the world forward in a lightning speed by working together. But sociality doesn't mean sycophancy or the endless compromise. Finding the ones who bring positive power to you is the golden words in social interactions.However, failing the solitude time, we may form a flaccid character for lacking self-reflections and desires. (Topic sentence) Modern people are becoming stronger in their working abilities and social skills, but we are also becoming weaker because we are gradually losing our innate personalities. Under such circumstances, we are susceptible to our surroundings rather than our wills. Solitude demands no specific conditions like dodging others. Actually, it is just a relaxation in your mind like shutting out the world when you are tired. Human beings are the combinations of various conflicts. But that doesn't mean conflicts are worthless. The inner equilibrium brought by these conflicts is valuable. Sociality and solitude are complementary to each other in shaping us. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 平静 equilibrium n. 必需品 requisite n. 群居的 gregarious adj. 打动某⼈⼼弦 strike a responsive chord 谄媚 sycophancy n. 软弱的性格 flaccid character 易受 的影响 be susceptible to... …… 开阔某⼈视野 expand one's horizon 躲避 dodge vt. 亮点句式 Not to mention the fact that we undertake the mission of pushing the world forward in a lightning speed by working together.【译⽂】 更别说我们是通过携⼿⼯作来完成促进社会极速发展的 任务了。 【分析】 该句旨在强调⼈类社会性对社会发展的重要性，句中的 是⼀个固定句式，意为 更不⽤说 ， Not to mention the fact that... “ ……” ⽤于指出⽐前⾯更重要或程度更严重的情况， 意 in a lightning speed 为 以闪电般的速度 ，表明社会发展之快，考⽣可以参考使⽤。 “ ”Essay 072 成功之我⻅ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about success, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards success, especially your opinion on what is success. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Success Is the Ultimate Achievement In a general sense, success means achieving, acquiring or finishing. Although success is what we all pursue in life, it usually brings us obscurity when we take a closer look at it. The result of a certain task may be the most evident and persuasive criteria in defining success. A final result is a report of all the effort and persistence we paid in pursuing success. We never give up until we see the end of the road and then we will get to know that the power of goals and dreams can actually bring us to a high level that we never expected before. It may sound a little bit absolute. Yet the successful people must contribute to society and bring positive effect to other people, be it a great cause or small influence. The realization of the goal is the powerfulreflection of all the effort in pursuing success. Surely we cannot define success with money, fame or any personal enjoyment. However, we must measure success on a higher level that is one's existing meaning for the world he or she has been living in, or in other words, one's actual influence to society. Excerpt 2 Success Is the Constant Mastering Although a good result is a very tempting goal in our effort, sometimes the unexpected factors shall intervene in and change the original track of our road. Therefore, success cannot be defined as a result. Rather, it is a continuous improvement. The opposite of success is not always losing. It can also be a near win. That is to say, even if we did not achieve the goals, we have mastered the process that will help us be a better person in life and that is much more meaningful than a single exciting success moment. At the same time, a person who is not successful in a general sense is not necessarily a loser. Some of them are just unfortunate. We should be very clear of the difference between incompetence and misfortunes. The worship of results brings us to the wrong direction of serving the others' opinions. Yet when we see the mastery as success, we serve for our own excellence and progress. We get to know the value of the process and therefore understand that life itself is a continuous journey. And the key in living a valuable life is about moving forward, but not arriving. Being successful or not, we know that the present completion is just a break time and it shall never be the end. 审题⽴意 成功 这个词在我们的社会中永远都是⾃带光环的存在。⼈们对 “ ” 于成功的定义也因⼈⽽异。有⼈认为，成功是⼀切努⼒产⽣的最终结 果，⽐如对于他⼈与世界的积极影响就是⼈⽣成功的体现；也有⼈认 为，我们的努⼒与结果之间常常是存在偏差的，在追求结果的过程中，有很多因素是我们⽆法掌控的，⽐如运⽓。除去材料提出的两种 观点，在我们的⽣活中，⼈们对于成功还有着各种各样的说法。考⽣ 是如何看待成功的呢？发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，结果是⼀切努⼒最有 ⼒的说明，因此根据实际效果去判断成功与否是合理的。另⼀⽅⾯， ⼈⽣是⼀条连续⽽漫⻓的路，我们是在不断掌握新知识、新经验的过 程中成⻓起来的，因此成功应当是⼀个连续的过程。 发表⾃⼰的观点。成功不是结果，是状态。能够按照⾃⼰的意 愿不断努⼒，⽣活就⼀定会是精彩的、成功的。 总结观点。⼈⽣中的成功分为很多种。有⼈追逐可⻅的成功， 有⼈追求⾃由；有⼈认为功成名就才有价值，有⼈淡泊也⾜以明志。 按照⾃⼰的⽅式⽣活，便不枉此⽣。 精彩范⽂ Success in the Dynamic Life Success as the final evaluation to a certain task is quite attractive in our world. Whether a small improvement or a big breakthrough, the excitement and pleasures that are brought by success thrill us and encourage us to pursue more. Yet different people see success in different ways. Some correlate success with the actual achievement in life and consider that result is the spokesman for success. Others think success is a continuous process in life which cannot be judged by the present results. Personally, I prefer the second opinion since I believe success must be viewed as a long term project. (Viewpoint) Firstly, completion is a process that is full of uncertainties. (Topic sentence) We cannot be successful in everything. We should not be diffident because of the failures, nor should we have unprincipled pride with temporary achievements. We should avail ourselves of everyopportunity to learn. It is important for us to be an indomitable person in life and know that we can always become better through constant learning even if no one can be omniscient in life. Secondly, instead of worshipping the result, we need to focus on what we want. (Topic sentence) We should not submit to the conventional definition of success. We are open to other people's suggestions yet we should really stick to what we truly want. We should never confine ourselves to the present life situations. Instead, we should manage our life in our own ways and try to realize our own value. To conclude, the most successful life would be achieving what we want in our ways. (Conclusion) To see success in the short term is to narrow our space of growth. The progressive growing and improving would be the best life status that is the biggest success in life. We must know that, “Victory won't come to me, unless I go to it.” 主题词汇 把 与 联系起来 correlate... with …… …… 缺乏⾃信的 diffident adj. 肆⽆忌惮的 unprincipled adj. avail oneself of every opportunity to learn 利⽤每⼀个机会去学习 百折不挠的，不屈不挠的 indomitable adj. ⽆所不知的 omniscient adj. 屈从于 submit to 使⾃⼰局限于 confine oneself to …… 不断前进的 progressive adj. 亮点句式Victory won't come to me, unless I go to it. 【译⽂】 胜利是不会向我⾛来的，我必须⾃⼰⾛向胜利。 【分析】 这句话源⾃美国⼥诗⼈摩尔（ ），考⽣可以诵 M. Moore 记，在相关话题⽂章中使⽤。Essay 073 关于友谊 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about friendship, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards friendship, especially its relationship with money. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Friendship Is the Likeness in Mind Friendship is always one of the most beautiful topics in our society. It is in the beautiful praise in Auld Lang Syne by Robert Burns; it is in the Chinese lines “Long distance separates no bosom friend”; it is in deep affections between two spirits that are the fruit of a mutual effort. The echoes we get from friends are the beautiful melodies that inspire us. True friendship is about understandings and equalities. Distrust and silence separate friends. Friendship is picky, for it emphasizes the mental responses which are quite a higher request and we may find it hard to be forced. But that's just why true friends are valuable. The person knows you so much, even beyond your imagination. No matter life is up or down, afriend is there to support you and comfort you. There is neither flattery nor criticism in your relationship because you don't need to. Friendship does not need us to stoop or to stand on the tiptoe, even if we are financially different. The two sides in a friendship are both closely linked and separately independent. For better or worse, you and your friends can always stick together. Excerpt 2 Friendship Is the Result of Fine Matching Friendship is a special bond which is formed in our social interactions. As the sentiment that is shared by all the social members, friendship is vital to our life. But the gaining of friendship is not a short-term project. A true friend is the lucky coincidences of the same values toward the world, the similar educational background and also the same position in social stratum. Friendship is based on the same opinion we hold toward the world which is directly associated with our formative years. Though a thorough promise cannot be given, the difference between financial statuses mostly results in the difference in living qualities and standard. And in the later life, the income gaps influence the consumption habits, the thinking patterns and the attitudes toward life. It is basically impossible for a person who makes the end meet and the one who makes decent money to be congenial friend, for they can hardly cultivate the tacit ability to share each other's feelings or the higher pursuit in life. The unbalanced financial position in friendship needs more tolerance because the two participants in the relationship are putting up with unfamiliar life styles all the time. 审题⽴意 本作⽂题⽬涉及友谊这⼀话题。友情与亲情、爱情⼀起构建了我 们⽣活中最丰富的感情系统。友情的美好使我们的⽣活更加丰富，使 我们在得意时有⼈可分享，失意时有⼈可倾诉。但是，关于友谊，有 ⼈认为 门当户对 是友谊的前提条件，有⼈认为 ⾼⼭流⽔遇知⾳ ， “ ” “ ”精神上的共鸣并不需要以物质条件作为基础。考⽣结合两种观点，发 表⾃⼰对于友谊的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点，即友情是否建⽴在相同的经济 基础上。 发表⾃⼰的观点。也许经济状况决定我们会遇⻅谁，但是精神 上的共鸣决定谁是我们的朋友，真正的友情是与钱⽆关的。 总结观点，友情的双⽅应当是互相尊重、互相独⽴的。事实 上，⽆论对⽅是家财万贯还是⼀贫如洗，都与友情中的另⼀⽅⽆关。 精彩范⽂ One Man Sharpens the Other Among the interactions between social members, the surprisingly smooth and candid ones are the initial model of friendship. Yet friendship cannot be purchased or sold, rather it is a natural process to sprout and grow. Everyone needs friendship. But friendship is quite different in different eyes. Some think friendship is based on the same life conditions and financial status; others are holding the different opinion that friendship is the communication between two hearts and has nothing to do with money. In my opinion, the financial disparity is the first challenge for friendship, but true friends do not give a hoot to financial factors. (Viewpoint) As commonly accepted that who we are decides who we meet in life, the life circle is the foundation of our friend circle. (Topic sentence) It is about a vicarious understanding and the sympathetic feeling. Only when someone shares the similar life experience with you can this one know your thoughts clearly. Therefore, to say friendship is influenced by money is not convincible than saying friendship is influenced by different life experiences and personalities.The really valuable friendships are the ones that beyond the economic barriers. (Topic sentence) No one needs to grovel in the relationship and the link between two minds is paramount to anything else. Thus the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi is always redolent of friendship. And as the story shows, despite the two people possessed nothing alike in the conventional wisdom, they knew each other well with no need for redundant words. Whether the two totally different people can become friends depends on how you define friendship. But one thing that can hold water here is that financial factors influence the fragile friendships, but not the strong ones. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 使敏锐 sharpen vt. 顺利的 smooth adj. 正直的 candid adj. 计较 give a hoot to 感同⾝受的 vicarious adj. 共鸣的 sympathetic adj. 胜过⼀切的 be paramount to 令⼈想起的 redolent adj. 合情合理 hold water 亮点句式 Among the interactions between social members, the surprisingly smooth and candid ones are the initial model of friendship. 【译⽂】 在社会成员的交流中，那些⼗分流畅⽽坦诚的交流就是 友情的最初模型。【分析】 该句旨在说明友情的基础是和谐坦诚的沟通交流，表达 并⾮所有的交往都能成为友谊的看法，考⽣可以背诵此句，⽤在类似 的作⽂中。Essay 074 关于⾼敏感⼈群 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about high sensitive people, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the high sensitivity of a person, especially your opinion on whether it is beneficial for one's development. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Higher Sensitivity, Poorer Social Relationship Normally the word “high” refers to a relatively positive and upward trend. Yet the combination of the words “high” and “sensitivity” might be the least favorite quality in social activities. Feelings and emotions are the inherent quality of human beings, yet too much of them are definitely a problem. For the high sensitive person, high sensitivity brings them sorrow and worries. They constantly receive and react to the stimuli of surroundings. Instead of focusing on their own needs and developing goals, the high sensitive persons are easily to be disappointed by others' opinions. Social relationships which are supposed to provide help and love for individualsturn into the battlefield for high sensitive people. They trudge through the anxious and negative emotions every day. For people who live with or work with the high sensitive person, the time is also not easy. What mustn't be forgotten is speaking and acting cautiously. It's usually hard to speak the truth since it would be interpreted as the malicious attack on individuals. Obstacles in making friends with the high sensitive person are so obvious that many are intimidated by them. Excerpt 2 Higher Sensitivity, Higher Empathy Ability While the high sensitivity of a person is normally scolded, the high sensitive group has some unique advantages in social interactions. The easiest interpretation of such phenomena would be that people with fragile heart sense others' feelings better. The most salient feature of a high sensitive person is his highly developed perception ability. They receive the information and react to the surroundings faster than the careless person. Their observation ability is also outstanding enough to get to the essence of a certain event. Therefore, they clearly understand what's happening. Even though their mood swings a lot, the high sensitive person has strong empathy ability to care about others. Under most circumstances, they are the best listeners. As a matter of fact, the high sensitive group is also a talented group which cultivates scientists, artists and so on. The high sensitivity enables the lasting attention. They care about the details and collect the comprehensive information. Compared with their coworkers, the high sensitive person has higher standards on themselves. Therefore, high sensitivity is always linked with perfectionism. 审题⽴意 ⾼敏感 ⼈群总是被贴上难相处的标签。在社交环境中， ⾼敏 “ ” “ 感 的⼈总是对于周围的环境、他⼈的⾔语⾏为等做出更快的反应。因 ” 此，传统的看法认为 ⾼敏感 的性格阻碍社交活动。然⽽，随着社会 “ ”的发展，我们看到很多出⾊的⼈都有 ⾼敏感 属性。他们因为⾃⼰的 “ ” ⾼度敏感⽽对周围环境做出更快的反应，因此收集更多的信息。另⼀ ⽅⾯，⾼度敏感使得他们具备更强的共情能⼒，能够倾听他⼈，理解 他⼈的脆弱。这些特质反⽽促进他们的社会关系。对于这样的现象， 考⽣持有什么观点呢？结合材料，发表⾃⼰对于 ⾼敏感 ⼈群的看 “ ” 法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯， ⾼敏感 ⼈群通常在 “ ” 社交活动中给别⼈带来压⼒，也给⾃⼰带来困扰。另⼀⽅⾯， ⾼敏 “ 感 ⼈群相⽐于⼤⼤咧咧的⼈更具有共情能⼒，能够倾听理解他⼈，同 ” 时也能够从周围的环境中收集更多的信息。 发表⾃⼰的观点。我们应该善待 ⾼敏感 群体，敏感的⼈也应 “ ” 该清楚认识到⾃⼰的优势与劣势，不断进步。 总结观点。世界上没有两⽚⼀模⼀样的树叶，也没有两个完全 相同的⼈。每个⼈都有⾃⼰的性格特点，并⽆优劣之分。 精彩范⽂ No One Deserves to Be Eschewed As we always hear, personality decides our life. A concrete and accurate influence of personality may be hard to be evaluated. But the importance of personality is recognized by all human beings. Among the various kinds of people, the high sensitive group is often criticized. However, opinions towards the high sensitivity have changed nowadays. While some people are still having concerns about getting in touch with high sensitive people, others have found that the high sensitive persons tend to be the ones with great empathy ability and better observation skills. From my point of view, people who like to keep things causal and the high sensitive group each has their own advantages. We should respect them all. (Viewpoint)Firstly, people with high sensitivity should cultivate the wisdom to know themselves well. (Topic sentence) The canons of society to passionately participate in social activities without considering personal wills bring pressure to the high sensitive group. But the high sensitive person is not the heretic of society. They need to embrace the fragile feelings and avoid being in a fidget. On the other hand, the high sensitivity cannot be wasted. As a valuable quality, it must be fully activated to achieve better things. Secondly, people who are not sensitive about things must respect others' personality. (Topic sentence) Don't do whatever we like without considering others' feelings. Social interaction needs the constraint to personal behaviors. Sometimes we really need to reflect upon which is to blame: others' high sensitivity or our own unconscious harm to others when we speak our mind or prod them into doing things. Even if there are high sensitive persons around us, we need to focus on who they are instead of their weakness. There's no best personality in the world. Every person has his own merits and weakness. There's no need for us to be in the same mood all day. We try to find out who we really are and what our real personality is. (Conclusion) After that, we exploit our talent and do great things with what we have. 主题词汇 避开 eschew vt. 社会的法规 the canons of society 异端者 heretic n. 忐忑不安 be in a fidget 直⾔不讳 speak one's mind 推动别⼈做某事 prod sb. into doing sth. ⼼情不好，在⽣⽓ be in a mood 发挥某⼈的才能 exploit one's talent亮点句式 The canons of society to passionately participate in social activities without considering personal wills bring pressure to the high sensitive group. 【译⽂】 不考虑个⼈意愿，要求个⼈积极参与社会活动的社会准 则为 ⾼敏感 ⼈群带来压⼒。 “ ” 【分析】 这样的句式可以灵活使⽤，表⽰社会的潜在规则事实上 违背个⼈意愿，⼜如： The canon of society to forgive others no matter （⽆论别⼈说了什么都要原谅 what they say is definitely not acceptable. 的社会准则绝对是不可取的。）经济⺠⽣篇 Essay 075 ⼀带⼀路 倡议 “ ” ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on the One Belt and One Road Initiative, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the One Belt and One Road Initiative, especially on how to make the initiative benefit more for both China and the world. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The One Belt and One Road Initiative Spurs World Economy With the aim of sharing its experience and expertise in infrastructure, trade and energy development, China has proposed the One Belt and One Road Initiative to achieve common prosperity with countries along the ancient Silk Road trade routes. The initiative offers “great potential” for advancing the UN's sustainable development agenda through economic growth, tradeopportunities, job and income generation, infrastructure building and capacity building, said UN Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs Wu Hongbo. According to a report co-authored by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) and China Bond Rating, investors tend to favor the energy, transportation and information technology sectors. In general, the value of all infrastructure projects in 66 countries and regions that fell under the initiative in 2016 was just under $500 billion, according to accounting （普华永道会计师事务所） firm PwC. On the other hand, as Ou Xiaoli, a senior official of the National Development and Reform Commission said, “One of the priorities of the Belt and Road Initiative is to help developing countries be heard and to explore a more equitable, reasonable and justified global governance system.” With the One Belt and One Road Initiative, the global economy is expected to develop faster than before. Excerpt 2 The One Belt and One Road Initiative Brings Stress to China By giving the large-scale of investment overseas, China has made a great contribution to the world economy development and to the relevant developing countries. And also, all these win-win projects China has constructed are making China shining on the international arena. On the other hand, there are a multitude of factors driving China towards this path behind the credit, at core a major issue remains the need to “create demand” to address overcapacity and structural weaknesses in the Chinese economy. The present allocation of resources is a challenge for China. To invest more resources as money, energy and talented minds to overseas will definitely decrease our domestic developing power, which is not good news for China. What's more, according to a report from foreign media, “For the investment of hundreds of millions of dollars in infrastructure in thepotential emerging market could bring risks to China. That means it could fail to deliver returns and lead to some new burdens for Chinese banks.” It's reasonable to say that the One Belt and One Road Initiative has brought stress to China. With the delight of the progress that the initiative has created; we need to consider the other side of the coin. 审题⽴意 本作⽂题⽬属于观点选择型，需要考⽣在阅读题⽬给出的两种关 于 ⼀带⼀路 倡议的观点的基础上，分析并就 ⼀带⼀路 倡议给出⾃ “ ” “ ” ⼰的看法。题⽬中提到 ⼀带⼀路 倡议促进了世界经济的发展以及相 “ ” 关发展中国家的基础设施建设，但另⼀⽅⾯， ⼀带⼀路 倡议给中国 “ ” 带来了投资⽅⾯的压⼒。考⽣应该简单总结 ⼀带⼀路 倡议对于世界 “ ” 和中国的意义，发表⾃⼰的关于该倡议如何更好地造福世界与中国的 观点。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种 声⾳ ，关于 ⼀带⼀路 倡议的积极意 “ ” “ ” 义以及它对于中国的压⼒。 发表⾃⼰的观点。此观点宜客观中⽴，既应该表达倡议的积极 意义，也应该客观评价各项的海外投资会给中国带来的压⼒。 总结观点，即应该继续⼤⼒⽀持 ⼀带⼀路 倡议，但是我们的 “ ” 海外投资也要注意规避⻛险等，同时，我们还应该去努⼒寻求海外经 济⼒量，共同投资发展沿线国家。 精彩范⽂ My Opinion on the One Belt and One Road Initiative In recent years, the One Belt and One Road Initiative put forward by Chinese president Xi Jinping in 2013 has aroused the attention of manycountries. With its aim to cooperate with the relevant countries to promote the economy development and the infrastructure construction in these developing countries, the One Belt and One Road Initiative has received recognition from the world. Although nobody can deny the positive effect of the initiative, there are some concerns that the initiative might exert pressure on China's domestic economy. As far as I am concerned, we need to make the most of the initiative to benefit the world in a balanced way of not stressing China. (Viewpoint) First of all, the One Belt and One Road Initiative does play an important role in world development. (Topic sentence) It has advocated the significant cooperation in the countries along the road. All of these developing countries get to share resources and brilliant minds. With the One Belt and One Road Initiative, these countries can realize common prosperity eventually. Yet that is not the whole picture, on the other hand, these investments China has made actually brought a lot of pressure to itself. (Topic sentence) I assume that expanding our cooperation network with more overseas countries is quite necessary. As with the other types of investments, we need to avoid the risks as much as possible. So the wise way is to seek more investment sources as well as managing a thorough plan before we invest so that it can make financial sense. In all, it's of great importance to carry forward the One Belt and One Road Initiative in a way that can meet the specific needs of both China and the world. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 引起 的注意 arouse the attention of …… 承认；认可 recognition n. 施加压⼒ exert pressure on 充分利⽤ make the most of 扮演重要⾓⾊；起到重要作⽤ play an important role共同繁荣 common prosperity 完整；全局 the whole picture 认为 assume vi. 发扬；推进 carry forward 满⾜ 的具体需要 meet the specific needs of …… 亮点句式 As far as I am concerned, we need to make the most of the initiative to benefit the world in a balanced way of not stressing China. 【译⽂】 我认为，我们应当以⼀种平衡的⽅式，充分利⽤这⼀倡 议来造福世界，同时不给中国带来压⼒。 【分析】 是表达个⼈观点的常⽤句式； As far as I am concerned... 作⽬的状语。 to benefit the world...Essay 076 ⼤学⽣信⽤卡消费 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about college students using credit cards, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the credit cards, especially its influence on college students. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 A Backup in Life The credit card is wining the hearts of more and more modern people because of its convenience. As a payment card, the credit cards are also available for the users to borrow money from the bank. And nowadays, owning a credit card is also the choice for many college students. The borrowed money from the credit cards can be paid month after month. With the curiosity for fresh things, college students are usually interested in doing various activities. And such function of the credit cards is especially conspicuous for the students who have the difficulty in raising money for their school fees and living costs. As a wallet, the credit cards are first of all saving us the trouble of carrying cash which simplifies our outdoor activities. Also, students are nothelpless in an emergency with the help of credit cards. They can have better learning resources and more opportunities like starting a business in advance with the help of credit cards. For the college students who are financially weak, credit cards are the backup of their life which greatly decreases the life pressure. Excerpt 2 A Satisfaction for Vanity Although credit cards are definitely a convenient tool but they are not the best option for the college students because a life which falls into a debt cycle is not good for their long-term development. Because of lacking financial awareness, many college students even have the debt that can't be paid off in a short time. A number of college students have no clue about their credit. A personal credit record is the file of ourselves and it'll follow us for a lifetime. Although the retardation of paying credit cards debt off is not the original intention of us, yet it will lay spot on our credit record which is greatly linked with our future consumptions. Owning the credit cards, college students are prone to have a mindset that they can always seek financial help. And it could directly result in the irrational consumption and excessive consumption. The credit cards are definitely contributing to the fancy brands to bewitch the young adults. Also, for young adults who worship money, the using of credit cards is definitely adding the fuel to such improper ideas. They may form the wrong recognition that money earns us respect. 审题⽴意 本作⽂话题为⼤学⽣使⽤信⽤卡消费。如今，信⽤卡的使⽤已经 ⼗分普遍。很多⼤学⽣也同时拥有很多张信⽤卡。⼀⽅⾯，信⽤卡有 着先消费后还款的优点，使得许多⼤学⽣在措⼿不及时可以得到⽀ 援。但是另⼀⽅⾯，正是因为信⽤卡的这个特点，它也助⻓了很多学 ⽣盲⽬消费的⻛⽓，甚⾄导致他们因为不能及时还款，造成不良征信记录的严重问题。考⽣对于信⽤卡持有什么看法呢？结合材料，发表 ⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，即信⽤卡对⼤学⽣⽣活的两种截 然不同的影响。 发表⾃⼰的观点。信⽤卡的使⽤有利有弊，但是对于⾃控⼒不 强的⼤学⽣来讲，不如避免使⽤。 总结观点。⾦钱对于我们的⽣活的确很重要，但是如果因为信 ⽤卡的使⽤给我们的⽣活带来负担，那么就得不偿失了。 精彩范⽂ Not a Right-Hand Help The debate on college students using credit cards has existed in our society for a long time. From the point of the convenience that credit cards bring to campus life and the advantages of installments, some consider college students owning credit cards are acceptable. Others are pointing out that credit cards are causing the problem of indulging. It's for sure that what kind of role a credit card can play in life is decided by individuals. But in my opinion, we'd better avoid credit cards in college. (Viewpoint) Above all, it's not necessary for college students to fall into a dilemma because of the financial crises caused by credit cards. (Topic sentence) You may naively take for granted that it's comfortable to recline your head on the credit cards and seek help from it. But you haven't realized that this friend is not as affable as you thought. And when your mind is still in a haze, the friend has become your creditors. The original purpose of using credit cards is to release financial stress, but it usually turns out to be the other way around. On the other hand, the colleges should give some instructions to their students to increase their financial awareness. (Topic sentence) The relevant lectures and explanations about the pros and cons of creditcards are needed at the beginning of college life. After all, a great number of students are caught into the mesh of paying debt because they have no idea about the importance of one's credit. The only way that we can avoid to be a slave to credit cards is rational consumption. That is to say, the point lies in a temperate lifestyle. (Conclusion) Surely everyone is hankering for a higher life quality, but we'd better lead a meager life with ambitions but not a seemingly rich life with vanity and debt. 主题词汇 得⼒助⼿ a right-hand help 困境 dilemma n. 依赖 recline vi. 性情温和的 affable adj. 迷迷糊糊 in a haze 债权⼈ creditor n. 渴望 hanker for 贫乏的 meager adj. 亮点句式 You may naively take for granted that it's comfortable to recline your head on the credit cards and seek help from it. 【译⽂】 你可能天真地认为依靠信⽤卡的帮助是⼗分惬意的。 【分析】 句⼦中的 直译为 将某⼈的头斜靠在 recline one's head on “ 某物之上 ，在这句话中指的是依赖信⽤卡的帮助。 ”Essay 077 关于⽹上购物 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about online shopping, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards online shopping, especially your opinion on the pros and cons of it. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 An Easier Shopping Experience with Clicks As the Internet has changed the world in literally every aspect, so has it greatly influenced our shopping ways. The past decade has seen rapid growth of online shopping. Wherever the Internet is available, there are online shopping activities. With the fast development of the mobile devices and the Internet, customers across nearly all age groups are embracing the trending way of shopping online nowadays in our society. Without the limitation of time and space, online shopping today has successfully earned the support and fondness of the customers. Compared with traditional shopping ways, the whole online shopping process is pretty quick that can be finished within a few clicks on your mouse. We are more likely to shop online due to its attractive advantages. Online shopping hasprovided the customers abundant choices and detail information of the products. The appearance of various e-commerce cross-border platforms has made purchasing foreign goods more convenient which has provided the customers with more options. Also, the online shoppers get used to checking the online comments posted on the websites by people who have bought the products which helps them decide whether they will buy them or not. The free and quick deliveries along with the clear information about the delivery charges have made the online shopping convenient and easy. Excerpt 2 Not a Reassuring Shopping Experience Although the popularity of online shopping is overwhelming and unstoppable nowadays, the other side of the coin is also drawing attention. Various complaints were made by customers about online shopping. The number of complaints and disputes related to shopping on the Internet rose so sharply that the network has become a breeding ground for reporting counterfeits and bad quality products. Under many circumstances, the customers' rights are not well protected. Besides, the online products are always pictured to show their bright side. The contrast between the pictures online and the products we receive can be very distinctive, which is quite different from the experience of going to the physical stores and seeing the products directly. What's more, online shopping, as one of the online activities, causes damage to our body. Certain time must be given to face the screen so that we can go through the details of the products. Compared with the traditional shopping ways in which people go out of their home to buy things, the impact of online shopping on our health is even more salient. 审题⽴意 随着技术与⽹络的发展，⽹上购物已经成为我们社会中的新宠。 ⽹络购物不受时间、地点的限制，消费者能够在⽹络上获得⼤量的商品信息，同时也能享受便捷的配送服务。可以说，⽹络购物给我们的 ⽣活带来了翻天覆地的变化。但是另⼀⽅⾯，由于⽹上商品在购买之 前⽆法直接接触，消费者缺少了实体店购物的亲⾝体验，加上⽹店的 商品⻥⻰混杂，质量参差不⻬，商品配送过程中也可能会出现各种问 题，这些问题都会给消费者带来不好的购物体验。另外，频繁⽹购对 我们的⾝体健康（尤其是视⼒）也会产⽣不良影响。作为与互联⽹共 同成⻓的⼀代，考⽣对于⽹络购物想必并不陌⽣，考⽣可结合材料， 发表⾃⼰对于⽹络购物的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，⽹络购物为我们的⽣ 活带来便利，丰富了我们的购物⽅式；另⼀⽅⾯，⽹络购物存在诸多 问题，⼈们对⽹络购物褒贬不⼀。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⽹络购物是购物形式的⼀个进步体现，以其 强⼤的优势在我们的社会中受到欢迎。然⽽，⽹络购物中存在的诸多 问题也亟待解决，消费者在⽹购时应当理性，注意甄别，不盲⽬冲动 消费。同时，⽹络购物的秩序也应该得到规范。 总结观点。⽹络购物作为当今社会的⼀种普遍现象已经成为我 们⽣活中不可或缺的部分，因此，营造更安全、更放⼼的⽹络购物环 境也尤为重要。 精彩范⽂ Shopping Online Wisely Our lifestyles today have changed greatly as the Internet receives its pinnacle of prosperity in our society. Online shopping is one of the trendy activities that grows up with the Internet and has gone viral in recent years. And when many people are keeping their eyes glued to the items that are posted on online shops and spending a lot of time shopping online, the awareness of the problems caused by shopping online is also growing.Therefore, some claim that online shopping is not a safe and desirable experience. In my opinion, online shopping has greatly facilitated our life, yet the online shopping environment is still not ideal enough. (Viewpoint) Firstly, online shopping is earning great popularity due to its convenience, affordable prices and quick delivery. (Topic sentence) All the advantages that online shopping provides have made our life way easier than it was decades ago. The products online are abundant since the websites are the platforms and their space is not limited. Also, the shopping time is flexible for the websites that are available at any time. Online shopping has subverted the traditional shopping model and served the customers to the utmost extent. But on the other side, a more reliable and secure online shopping platform is needed. (Topic sentence) Sometimes the products we receive can be jaw-dropping. It's hard for the customers to separate the husk from the grain with only the online pictures of the products. And it gets tricky when it comes to the quality problems, especially when the online retailers only give lukewarm support. Online shopping nowadays has become prevalent and we need to improve it to be a better platform to shop on. (Conclusion) To protect personal rights in online shopping, the customers should avoid the perfunctory shopping activity and choose the reputed products. To gain the support of the customers, the online retailers may need to allocate more attention to the product quality and the after sale service. 主题词汇 极度繁荣 pinnacle of prosperity ⽬不转睛地看着 keep one's eyes glued to 颠覆 subvert vt. 竭尽全⼒ to the utmost extent 不冷不热的 lukewarm adj.普遍的；流⾏的 prevalent adj. 草率的 perfunctory adj. 亮点句式 And when many people are keeping their eyes glued to the items that are posted on online shops and spending a lot of time shopping online, the awareness of the problems caused by shopping online is also growing. 【译⽂】 当⼈们⽬不转睛地盯着⽹店上的物品，花⼤量时间进⾏ ⽹购的时候，越来越多的⼈也开始意识到⽹络购物中存在的问题。 【分析】 表⽰ 越来越多的⼈意识 the awareness of... is growing “ 到 。该句式经常可以⽤在作⽂段落的开头部分，⽤以引出⽂章要 ……” 探讨的内容。Essay 078 我对外卖⾷物的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about takeout food, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards takeout food, especially on its future. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Enjoy the Convenient Meals If we have to vote for the best partner for today's fast-paced life, the takeout food possesses great chance to be the champion with overwhelming superiority. With the phone and the Internet, it'll take you several simple procedures to order some food to eat. Nowadays, the takeout food has become the first options for the groups like office workers and the students. There are numerous choices of the takeout food since the food ordering applications on our phone are actually the collections of the numerous restaurants and food delivery businesses. Despite the simple and convenient ordering process, the discount of the takeout food is also attractive. The takeout food is relatively cheaper, not to mention that the takeout food restaurants usually provide discounts. By ordering food with delivery service, we have saved a lot of time and energies.For the whole society, the takeout food industry has greatly promoted the cuisine technique. To win the heart of the customers, the cooks have to pay more attention to the food flavors. Also, the booming takeout industry has provided more employment opportunities, especially for the food delivery people. Excerpt 2 Eat with Worries Being super convenient and fast, the takeout food has become the important component in many people's life. Yet with the increasing exposure of some poor takeout food restaurant conditions, the food safety problems have been the biggest concern in the takeout food industry. Seeing the mouth-watering pictures online, we would assume that the sanitary conditions are as good as we expect. But seeing the pictures of the appalling scenes of the kitchens that provide our takeout food, the customers are astonished. The worrisome findings of the takeout food are even worse than the unsanitary kitchens, many unlicensed kitchens are secretively running businesses. That is to say, little guarantee can be given to what we eat. Also, the packages of the takeout food are usually made of plastics which threaten our health and do harm to our environment. Another potential problem of the takeout food industry lies in the delivery process. To provide the food as fast as they can, the delivery people usually drive or ride at a racing speed which has caused the safety risks. And the takeout food delivery service has changed the lifestyles of people in various ways. While some people order the takeout food when they are busy, others are lazier with the help of the takeout food service. 审题⽴意 随着移动电话以及互联⽹的普及，⽹上订餐也在我们的⽣活中越 来越普及。通过⼿机软件直接完成订餐、付款等步骤，消费者就能够 享受配送服务，⾜不出户，就能尝尽美⾷。这种服务通常被我们称作 叫外卖 。外卖以其便捷的优势，轻⽽易举地俘获了都市上班族和 “ ” 学⽣党的⽀持，为他们的⽣活打开了⽅便的⼤门。但是另⼀⽅⾯，媒 体曝光的⼀些外卖配送点那令⼈⽑⾻悚然的做饭环境以及⼤街上飙⻋ 的外卖⼩哥，都让我们对外卖服务有了更深的认识。考⽣作为外卖⾷ 物服务的群体对象，可联系⾃⼰的亲⾝体验，针对外卖⾷物提出⾃⼰ 的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，外卖为我们的⽣活带 来了便利，改变了我们传统的⽤餐形式；另⼀⽅⾯，外卖⾷物存在安 全隐患，令⼈担忧。 发表⾃⼰的观点。尽管外卖⾷物存在着令⼈不放⼼的地⽅，我 们不能否认外卖是⼀种符合当代社会发展特点的服务，我们不能因噎 废⾷，要努⼒去解决⾏业问题使其更好地服务⼤众。但是另⼀⽅⾯， 我们要将外卖作为⽣活中的⼀种选择⽽⾮常态。 总结观点。外卖服务，尤其是⾷物外卖便利了我们的⽣活，但 是我们不能依赖于外卖服务⽽变得更加懒惰。 精彩范⽂ The Takeout Food Syndrome The takeout food has become increasingly important in our life with the great popularity of the mobile phones and the Internet. It seems that ordering takeout food has become a new trend among the modern people. Yet when a great number of people are chanting the praises of the takeout food, others are accusing the worrying sanitary quality of the takeout food. In my opinion, to construct a more regulatory takeout food industry is necessary. Also, the takeout food should be the good helper in our life but not the accomplice to lead a lazy life. (Viewpoint)Firstly, ordering food has come into vogue in our society in recent years and it has greatly facilitated our life. (Topic sentence) The takeout food service in which we can order and get the food in several steps online has provided great convenience to our life. But at the same time, the proliferation of the takeout food kitchens and restaurants has become the biggest concern with regard to the sanitary problems which can cause the diarrhea or even worse results. To construct a healthy takeout food industry, a more powerful supervision is urgently needed. From the public perspective, relying on the takeout food is inadvisable. (Topic sentence) Takeout food is certainly the great choice when we are too busy to cook. But for many people, they have nearly secluded themselves from the world with the takeout food service. The healthy lifestyle is abandoned by these people. Takeout food service is the typical representation of our rapid life model. It might be a little too precocious to predict the future of the takeout food. But what can never be redundant to emphasize is that we should try to live a healthy life under any circumstances. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 症状 syndrome n. 颂扬 chant the praises of 共犯 accomplice n. 开始流⾏ come into vogue 腹泻 diarrhea n. 不明智的；失策的 inadvisable adj. 与世隔绝 seclude from the world 过早的 precocious adj. 亮点句式It might be a little too precocious to predict the future of the takeout food. 【译⽂】 预测外卖的未来发展可能有些⾔之过早。 【分析】 为固定句式，意 It might be a little too precocious to... 为 可能过早 ，可以⽤来论述不要过早做出预测的情况。 “…… ”Essay 079 商品包装之我⻅ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about products packaging in our daily life, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the over packaging phenomena, especially your opinion on the appropriateness of packaging. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Packaging Culture Packaging, as an important section in product marketing, is the first impression that customers have towards the products. To cover a product in order to protect it from being damaged while in transportation was producers' original idea about packaging. With the development of the industry, the purpose of packaging has evolved. The producers found packaging was on the top lists of the factors that attract the customers. And sometimes it can be the only factor on the list if the customers were appearance-oriented. The details of the packaging are not only the simple reflection of the products' properties, but also the representation of the corporate culture. All the packaging choices including the colors, the slogans, and the shapes ofits packaging bags are all the wits of the designers that account for the enterprise image. And also the advertising effect can be seen in the packaging designs. While the common products are bought for satisfying the living needs, some products are used to express personal wishes. Under such circumstances, the need for appearance of the products is generated. For various purposes, the packaging needs are different. Excerpt 2 The Over Packaging Problem Packaging for the products protection and transportation is certainly necessary. And some products need to be attractively packaged to match their high quality and taste. Yet nowadays, the over packaging issue is serious. The experience that the real products can only be seen after endless wrappers is shared by many people. Then we may end up finding that the product itself is actually not as heavy as its package materials and even the products under such over packaged luxury wrappings are inferior. This kind of over packaging is no doubt a waste of the resources, for most of the packaging materials are made from natural resources. And after the unpacking, the environmental pollution is generated. Most of the packaging materials are going nowhere but the trashcan. Sometimes, the protection need of some products makes producers apply special packaging to them. Yet under most situations, they have overdone it. The over packaging has not only invisibly raised the price of the products, for the extra packaging fees are included in the price. Over packaging has also exaggerated the function of the products' appearance of while in fact the quality should be listed as the primary consideration. And many products are just eye candy. 审题⽴意 商品包装作为⼀种市场营销⼿段，已经在保护商品、⽅便运输的 基础上得到了进⼀步的发展，并且越来越注重包装对于消费者的吸引⼒。⽆论是从卖家还是买家的⾓度来说，商品包装都有着重要意义。 对于商家来说，产品的包装直接影响消费者对产品的评价；对于购买 者来说，商品的包装是我们了解商品性质、判断喜恶的直接依据。然 ⽽，尽管包装是必要的，商品的过度包装问题也应该引起我们的重 视。很多商品的包装耗材多、成本⾼，导致资源浪费、商品价格提⾼ 等问题。再者，很多商品是外观漂亮， 表⾥不⼀ 。针对商品的过度 “ ” 包装问题，考⽣发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，商品包装是必要的； 另⼀⽅⾯，商品过度包装问题也较为严重。 发表⾃⼰的观点。商品的过度包装问题是多⽅⾯推波助澜的结 果；商家与消费者都应该为抑制过度包装与包装材料的回收使⽤⽽努 ⼒。 总结观点。商品的适度包装不仅涉及环境与经济问题，也涉及 社会⻛⽓问题。追求商品的质量⽽⾮华⽽不实的外表才是正确的消费 观，有创意的商品包装不等同于过度包装。作为消费者，我们应该有 辨别意识。 精彩范⽂ Unity Between the Quality and the Packaging Although it's commonly accepted that the packaging of the products is a very essential element in the whole marketing process, the over packaging problem has aroused heated discussion nowadays. Seeing the excessive packaging of the products, many people begin to consider the basic principles in packaging. As far as I am concerned, the over packaging problem in our society is serious. (Viewpoint) It's for sure that the packaging of the products is necessary, but it shall never be the supportive reason for over packaging. (Topicsentence) First of all, packaging as both preservation methods and the representation of the corporate culture is imperative and proper packaging contributes to establishing a sound and intimate relation between a product and its users. Yet the advocating of thriftiness is not obsolete in modern age. Refusing over packaging does not mean we should deprive the creative packaging designs or whittle down the attraction towards the customers. On the contrary, it is a higher demand to see the harmony of environment and the appealing packaging. Secondly, the standard of a moderate packaging may not be the same for all industries, but the concept of refusing over packaging should be set in all trades as well as in the whole society. (Topic sentence) The producers should have the consciousness of doing environmental-friendly business. As customers who are directly influencing the packaging trend, we need to focus more on the quality of the product, but not its appearance. The packaging problem is not the stop sign to impede the development of the industries, nor should it be the marketing gimmick. It should be the guidelines for the future productions in which the whole society should clamp down on the specious appearance of the products and the true creative packaging can be exonerated from wasting resources. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 过度包装 excessive packaging 节俭 thriftiness n. 削弱 whittle down 停⽌信号（停⻋标志） stop sign 营销噱头 marketing gimmick 压制；取缔 clamp down on 华⽽不实的 specious adj. 使免罪 exonerate vt.亮点句式 It should be the guidelines for the future productions in which the whole society should clamp down on the specious appearance of the products and the true creative packaging can be exonerated from wasting resources. 【译⽂】 它（包装问题）应该是未来⽣产中的指导⽅针，全社会 都应该反对产品华⽽不实的外表，⽽真正有创意的包装也不必浪费资 源。 【分析】 句中的 意为 使 免受责备 ，⽤在 be exonerated from “ …… ” 本句要表达的意思是：即便是有创意的包装理念也可以做到环保，⽽ 不必⾮要过度使⽤包装材料以致资源浪费。Essay 080 经济发展 环境保护 vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about economic development and environmental protection, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the relationship between economic development and environmental protection, especially your opinion on whether they are conflicted with each other. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Economy Safeguards a Prosperous Society As we all know, economy is a kind of fundamental power in the development of any country. The economic condition of a country would directly influence the life of people and therefore control the development and progress of the whole society. It is closely related to the wellbeing of people which is the ultimate purpose and goals of governmental policies. Based on this, economic development is always placed at the center position among various developing tasks of a country. However, the economic development is usually listed together with the environmental issues. In the process of economic development, it's natural to exploit the resources in the regions and places that have been untouchedbefore which would surely influence the local environment. For instance, many highly developed western countries and cities have gone through the various environmental challenges because of the industrial revolution. A strong economy means a strong country. It is the lifeline of country's future and a driving power of social development. The economic development should always be the focus of the government and society. Excerpt 2 Environment Ensures the Future Prosperity There is no doubt that we need to focus on the economic development to eliminate poverty and improve people's living standard. Yet the truth is that the environment is as important as economy. It's overwhelming for human beings to take the consequences if we develop economy without considering the environment. The natural environment is an important part in people's lives. Mother nature is the foundation and protection of our life. Without a good biological environment, it's impossible for us to eat well and drink well. And we cannot be healthy even if we have gold in hand by then. Meanwhile, the abundant natural resources also belong to our future generations. It would be irresponsible for people today to ignore the environmental problems for the sake of our descendants. And if the next generation is not taken into consideration in a country's development, there's no future for the country. Last but not least, to develop the economy at the expense of environment would finally restrain the economy because we'll have to pay to make up for the damage sooner or later. The reckless model of developing economy would destroy the environment as well as the fate of human beings. 审题⽴意 环境保护与经济发展之间的关系⼀直是社会争论的热点问题。在 ⼈类发展的漫⻓过程中，⼈与⾃然的关系也不断发⽣着调整和改变， 这⼀现象尤其体现在⼈类社会的经济发展进程中。⼀⽅⾯，有⼈认为⼀个社会的经济发展影响环境是在所难免的。但是更有声⾳认为，环 境才是我们⼈类社会能够⻓久发展的基础，不容破坏。对于这样的争 议之声，考⽣认为应该如何正确处理经济发展与环境保护之间的关系 呢？结合材料，发表看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，经济的繁荣发展是社 会⻓治久安的基础。另⼀⽅⾯，环境之于⼈类犹如⼤海与⻥，环境是 我们⼀切⽣产、⽣活活动的基础。 发表⾃⼰的观点。正确处理环境与经济发展之间的关系，经济 要发展，但是不能够以破坏环境为代价，要寻求可持续发展道路。 总结观点。我们要协调环境与经济之间的关系，使⼆者相互促 进，统⼀于⼈类社会的发展。 精彩范⽂ Pursue Economic Growth Correctly The relationship between the economy and environment has always been a hot issue in our society since it's closely related to our future development and even the fate of human beings. Some think the economic activities and policies are the backbone of a country and we should place them at the center position despite their conflicts with environment, while other people assert that the environment is of prime position in our society and no damage to environment is allowed. As far as I'm concerned, the economy and the environment are equally important for our development and we cannot expect a better future without any of them. Therefore, it's of essential meaning for us to seek the right developing path within the substantial development blueprint. (Viewpoint) To have a long lasting developing society, the government must play the leading role positively. (Topic sentence) When making the economic decisions, the government should take local environmental issuesinto full consideration to decrease the damage to nature. Also, long-term vision is needed in making policies. Focusing on the immediate economic benefits, we are more likely to overlook environmental protection. Therefore, the decision makers must be farsighted and learn from the experiences of other countries to increase their consciousness of environmental protection. On the other hand, the effort of citizens is also of importance to the balance between the environment and economy. (Topic sentence) We cannot take the limited resources as the money machine. Only by using the natural resources in a rational way can we make it in a long run. Also, the tasks of using natural resources and recycling them should be undertaken simultaneously to ensure the sustainable development. The behavior of our generation would influence the environmental condition of the next generation and also their living condition. Hence we cannot exploit natural resources unscrupulously. In all, balancing the economy and environment, which are two supporting elements in our world, is actually dealing with the relationship between satisfying the current needs and protecting a longer development. (Conclusion) Economy and environment are like two kites with their lines in our hands and whether we can adjust the power and angle properly decides the height of their flying which would turn back to influence our future development. 主题词汇 ⽀柱 backbone n. 声称 assert vt. 主要位置 prime position 可持续发展 substantial development 蓝图；计划，⽅案 blueprint n. 理性的 rational adj. 承担；从事 undertake v.保证 ensure vt. 肆⽆忌惮地 unscrupulously adv. 亮点句式 When making the economic decisions, the government should take local environmental issues into full consideration to decrease the damage to nature. 【译⽂】 在制定经济决策的时候，政府应该充分考虑当地环境问 题以减轻破坏⾃然的程度。 【分析】 本句中 意为 充分考虑 。考 take... into full consideration “ ” ⽣在写作时经常可以⽤到这样的句式，⼜如： People often take fuel （⼈们买汽⻋时往往把 consumption into consideration when buying a car. 燃油消耗量考虑在内。）形⾊社会篇 Essay 081 应不应该追求时尚？ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on fashion, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards fashion, especially on whether we should follow fashion or not. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Fashion Deserves Credit Fashion is always an attractive word. Narrowly speaking, fashion refers to the styles and customs which are popular in a certain period of time. In daily life, we usually describe fashion with the case of new trend. It possesses the remarks of time. Adding fun to our life, fashion is distinguishing us from being tedious. Fashion and life are like colors and a rainbow. Pursuing fashion is the choice of most people nowadays. From personal perspective, fashion is an attitude. It improves personalappearances and influences our temperament. The pursuing of fashion is the wild enthusiasm we hold towards life and it often keeps us alive. Usually, we reshape ourselves with the magic power of fashion. In social settings, we can always find that the difference between genders and ages results in different fashion tastes. And for most of the time, one's sense of fashion reflects a lot of his or her life attitude. Also, in terms of society, contributions are made to economy and innovation by the passion towards pursuing fashion. With the curiosity of new trend, people are willing to try different activities and new products. Based on this condition, social technology and innovation have been greatly promoted. Excerpt 2 Vanity is the New Fashion As a multifaceted definition, fashion has a wide connotation. It enlivens our life and enriches our minds. There' no doubt that fashion is a motivator for the world to be more colorful. However, the pursuing of fashion is not a single-direction. Various problems have appeared when people have pursued fashion. These problems are especially evident in young people. With romantic plots, beautiful actors and trendy clothing, the TV shows have been a fad among young girls. From hairstyles to make-up, from clothing to speaking style, these young girls are trying their best to follow the “fashion”. Sometimes they pursue the foreign culture insomuch that they lost interest in knowing Chinese culture. And sometimes they focus too much on the superficial fashion that they ignore their inner development. Such abnormal pursuit of fashion is oriented by vanity. Nowadays, intemperate consumption has become a serious problem among college students. Out of the desire of fashion, many students even borrowed money from banks or other financial bodies to buy trendy things. They didn't feel ashamed of wasting money and usually had economic burdens before they stepped out of the campus. Seeing the sick pursuit of fashion, we may take a new look on what fashion has brought to the young people.审题⽴意 两则材料分别描述了追求时尚的美好体验和当今社会普遍存在的 因为虚荣去追求时尚的现象，考⽣在阅读两则材料的基础上应该对此 加以思考：追求时尚这件事到底应不应该被提倡？ 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，即追求时尚的两⽅⾯体会。 发表⾃⼰的观点。追求时尚本⾝是对于美好的追求，但是我们 要适度，不要让时尚沦为虚荣的借⼝。 总结观点，相⽐于追求时尚的⽤品配饰，也许我们更应该追求 时尚的精神与思潮。 精彩范⽂ Fashion Is a State of Mind Nowadays, following fashion as a positive trend represents the social admiration towards beauty, personality, etc. Although fashion is always seen as the signal of social progress, the pursuing of fashion has received different voices. From a personal point, aspiration for fashion changes one's attitude towards life and adds zest to life. Also, the pursuing of fashion has imbued society with curiosity. Various industries are always on the trot to meet the constant needs in seeking better versions of new stuff. Yet others are criticizing that many young people are actually pursuing vanity under the name of fashion. We must admit each opinion has its own sense. I think pursuing fashion should be supported since it is showing our aesthetic perception. But the precondition is that we treat fashion as an attitude that refreshes our spirit in life but not an excuse to waste money and time. (Viewpoint) Firstly, we pursue fashion because it adds spice to our life. (Topic sentence) By pursuing fashion, we are actually pushing ourselves forward. On the other hand, the fashion itself is the collection of styles. Forindividuals, style is an important part to show personalities. Yet the boundary of fashion can be pushed forward far more than the material products. What makes our life fabulous is the effort we make to catch up with the development of the world. On the other hand, fashion is not the reason for us to be bewitched by vanity. (Topic sentence) We should always try to be the first-rate version of ourselves instead of a second-rate version of somebody else. We should see fashion as a state of mind. Neither the blind imitation nor the over attention is supported. And for college students, we may prefer to lead a thrifty life since we are not independent financially. In conclusion, the pursuing of fashion is great, but it shouldn't be hampered by comparisons or vanity. So, be a wise fashion follower and make your life full of mirth and colors. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 追求 aspiration for 增加⽣活热情 add zest to life 灌输 imbue vi. 虚荣⼼，虚荣感 vanity n. 审美 aesthetic perception 使某⼈振作精神 refresh one's spirit 增加情趣 add spice to 节俭的 thrifty adj. 充满乐趣 full of mirth 亮点句式 ...try to be the first-rate version of ourselves instead of a second-rate version of somebody else.【译⽂】 永远成为⼀流的⾃⼰，⽽不是⼆流的别⼈。 …… 【分析】 这句话可以⽤于很多的作⽂中，表达观点时可以⽤此句 加强情感。Essay 082 ⾯包与爱情 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on love and bread, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the relationship between love and personal financial status. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Problematic Love Falling in love with someone is like immersing yourself in a melodious melody. But now love can sometimes be crucified for some reason. In modern society, many people complain that women are too realistic in love. In effect, women nowadays are generally holding higher expectations for their date's financial status than ever before and setting higher standards in finding a date. The new social trend has aroused hot debate of salary in love. According to a report, China has a single population of nearly 200 million. And this number is probably not going to decrease in future years. One of the major reasons that account for this situation is money. Love was once a pure and tender word in common sense. Yet in relation to real lifeissues, it's no longer easy for one to fall in love easily or as we always hear: it's hard to follow our hearts. “The romantic relationship itself is no doubt beautiful. However, money is necessary for young couple. Without satisfying the basic material needs, the lovers can be so pressured that they may have no energy to chase love. The financial status is one of the elements that ensure the quality of a romantic relationship.” says a young girl. Excerpt 2 Love Is Magic True love is the eternal topic in human society. It can warm us beyond the temporal and spatial boundaries. It's beckoning everyone. Among the natures of human beings, love is unstoppable. While we used to see love superior to everything, it is now more likely to be associated with one's financial status. And many people disagree that salary should be considered before devoting into a romantic relationship. “I believe the demand for salary is to make up the deficiency in love. The excuse that love is vain without money is the lack of confidence in a romantic relationship. I don't mean that we can live and love without considering money. It's just that salary should not be the first standard we evaluate someone. I'd rather believe that money can be spent eventually, but a good person will never let us down.” says a married woman Truly, the basic requirement in love is the strong feelings we hold for each other. If we fall in love with someone whole heartedly, we'll naturally pursue a better life and manage to make the other one happy. Compared with salary and other factors, an aspiring personality can speak louder. On the other hand, to ask more about financial status is adding load to our future spouses, which detracts the purity of love. 审题⽴意 本作⽂的话题是年轻⼈经常探讨的爱情与⾯包的问题。在谈恋爱 的时候是否应该考虑对⽅的经济状况是很多⼈⼼中纠结的问题。题⽬中从正反两个⽅⾯概述了恋爱中经济实⼒的地位。⼀⽅观点是恋爱需 要优先考虑对⽅的经济实⼒；另⼀⽅⾯观点认为，把经济实⼒放在⾸ 位实际上侮辱了真正的爱情，同时也为⾃⼰的恋爱带来了压⼒。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，⼀⽅⾯，经济因素是恋爱中不应 该忽视的问题，另⼀⽅⾯，优先考虑经济实⼒会在爱情中迷失⾃⼰。 发表⾃⼰的观点。表达⾃⼰对爱情与⾯包这⼀问题的⻅解。 总结观点。不同的⼈有着不同的恋爱观，考虑薪资问题是个⼈ 的选择问题，应该考虑对⽅的薪资实⼒，但是感情中，薪⽔不应该是 第⼀考虑的要素。 精彩范⽂ Mr. Right Is the Right One A romantic relationship can always bring us celestial happiness. With the momentum of an avalanche, we immerse in sweetness. Love is the topic that everyone shares in this world. Yet, with the social development and our higher demand in life quality, love has encountered its own crises. When the romantic relationship has been intermingled with the consideration of real life needs, people cannot put the salary elements aside any more. Some people hold the opinion that salary plays an important role in a romantic relationship, while on the other hand, many people highlight the purity of love and disagree with putting salary at the first place. Different people have different love choices. As far as I am concerned, salary should not be made a priority in a romantic relationship. (Viewpoint) First of all, it's true that one cannot separate love from real life. (Topic sentence) A basic life assurance is sometimes the most efficient way to provide each other with the feeling of security. In Chinese, we always say “Nothing goes well to a destitute couple”, which suggests money is important in our life. It's common to see that couples are bickering overfinancial issues. So the consideration of salary in a romantic relationship is of great necessity. However, the most important point is that salary should not be the first thing to determine if someone is your Mr. Right. (Topic sentence) Firstly, salary can't speak for someone wholly. We know that it'll take several years for college students to find an ideal job and get well paid. The same is true with a love relationship. The initial denial by salary condition is unjustified. Secondly, I think it's really important to figure out what kind of person you're falling in love with. To see if you two can find emotional resonance and sharing topics is far more important than considering money. Thirdly, money can always be earned by someone who's willing to work hard. Love is the most beautiful feeling in human society. Everyone has the experience of loving someone in life. Do not let love be defiled by the claws of money. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 ⽩⻢王⼦ Mr. Right ⽆⽐的幸福 celestial happiness 以排⼭倒海之势 with the momentum of an avalanche 混合 intermingle vt. 使显著，强调 highlight vt. 优先 make a priority 贫苦的 destitute adj. 被 所污染 be defiled by …… 亮点句式 Nothing goes well to a destitute couple. 【译⽂】 贫贱夫妻百事哀。【分析】 为固定表达， 意为 没什么好事会 Nothing goes well to... “ 发⽣在 ，⼜如： （懒惰的⼈没 ……” Nothing goes well to a lazy person. 有好果⼦吃。）Essay 083 我对⽣活节奏的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on the pace of life, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the pace of life, especially on what kind of life you prefer and why. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Time is Money Just as Benjamin Franklin said in Advice to a Young Tradesman , “Time is money”. Nowadays, these golden words mirror our life, too. To be the elites in society, it is necessary to strive to save time, to be highly capable in work and be more adaptable to the fast changing world. For most people, the more efficiently you work, the more competitive you are, and the more you can earn. According to a study, the present global average walking speed is 10% faster than 10 years ago. With all the technological innovation, the Internet, the new information and the relentless efforts of everyone, the whole world is advancing faster than any time in history.As a white collar worker said, “It is quite common for modern people to be a multi-tasking one. Because of the fast life pace, I have to force myself to be meticulous and absorb plenty of new information every day. In this way, I feel my life is fulfilled. Like squeezing water out of a piece of sponge, I arrange my time scientifically and efficiently. I can always find something new about myself.” Excerpt 2 The Pace of Heart Is Left Behind Although no one can deny the great social progress brought by the fast rhythm, a discussion of the pace of life has been generated. Many people have criticized that the speed is too fast insomuch that there are even deaths from overwork. So many people left this world due to strokes, heart attacks and suicides every year. And one of the major reasons for these diseases is that modern people are highly strained in this fast-paced world. “The world can always find someone to replace you if you fall down. But no one can replace you in your family. ”said one. The impact of living in a fast changing world can also be invisible inside us. Living at a fast pace of life, our tiny brains tend to turn everything into measurable piece. By interpreting and categorizing things simply by the parameters of how much that affects ourselves and whether that is time-consuming, we have lost the joy of life. For instance, we love the delicate Chinese cuisine. In the past, we wouldn't hesitate to cover a long distance to our favorite restaurant. But now, to save time, a big meal is often replaced by fast food. 审题⽴意 本作⽂题⽬需要考⽣在阅读题⽬给出的两种关于 快节奏⽣活 观 “ ” 点的基础上，结合⾃⼰感悟阐述对于当今忙碌⽣活的看法。⼀⽅⾯， 科学技术与信息技术的迅猛发展使得世界的运转频率加快，我们只有 不断提升⾃我，适应这种快节奏⽣活才能跟得上时代的脚步。但是另 ⼀⽅⾯，过快的⽣活节奏给⼈们带来了压⼒，很多⼈甚⾄产⽣过劳的 现象，⾝体透⽀，⼼灵也⽆法得到宁静。写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种看法，即关于快节奏的⽣活的积极意义 以及它对于⼈们的压⼒。 发表⾃⼰的观点，即⾃⼰如何看待这种快节奏的⽣活。 总结观点。我们肯定快节奏⽣活给社会带来的积极发展，但是 作为有⾝体、有⼼理需求的⼈类，我们应该平衡⽣活节奏与个⼈需求 的关系。 精彩范⽂ Call a Truce with Your Haste With the development of science and technology, human society is advancing faster than ever. Living at a fast pace, we have maximized the value of our life by living every minute to the fullest. What we create within the same time nowadays would be beyond the imagination of those who lived decades ago. While we are exulting over the huge achievement we have made today, we are hassled by troubles at the same time. We have always been taught that “cease the struggle and cease the life”, but somehow we have been caught up in it too tight to forget how to lead a nice life now. So far as I am concerned, the outer effort and the inner peace of one person should be balanced. (Viewpoint) Firstly, there's nothing wrong with hard working and keeping learning new knowledge. (Topic sentence) Nowadays, our society is moving forward by leaps and bounds. Keeping ourselves on the trot is of great importance on our way to having a valuable life. Just as Leonard Bernstein said “to achieve great things, you need a plan and not quite enough time.” The rapid life pace promotes the progress of society and also makes us quick on the trigger. On the other hand, unlike cold and emotionless machines, human beings are fragile both physically and mentally to some extent throughout our life. (Topic sentence) To be in the middle of a frazzled day, haunted by the work and kids, swamped by the emails and phone calls,one can be fagged out. With the development of technology and economy, the world is witnessing the prosperity of cities every day and also the stress and pain of many modern people. I think the life journey is like a marathon, and the key to success is that you keep running all the time without rush and haste. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 停战，休战（表⽰不再与某事或某⼈纠缠） call a truce 充分利⽤时间，过得充实 live every minute to the full 为 ⽽狂喜 exult over …… 被 困扰 be hassled by …… ⻜跃地，突⻜猛进地 by leaps and bounds 使得某⼈⼀刻不停地忙碌 keep sb. on the trot ⾏动迅速 be quick on the trigger 疲惫的，精疲⼒尽的 frazzled adj. 精疲⼒尽的 be fagged out 亮点句式 We have always been taught that “cease the struggle and cease the life”, but somehow we have been caught up in it too tight to forget how to lead a nice life now. 【译⽂】 我们⼀直被教导 ⽣命不息，奋⽃不⽌ ，但是莫名地， “ ” 我们⾝陷其中，竟忘了如何美好度⽇。 【分析】 意为 ⽣命不息，奋⽃ cease the struggle and cease the life “ 不⽌ ，是写作⽂时表达拼搏奋⽃精神常⽤到的⼀个句⼦。 ”Essay 084 关于 毕婚族 “ ” ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on “marriage after graduation” members, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards when it is proper for a college student to get married. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Exhausting Practical Issues For college students, meeting the right one in college can be such a romantic event that many of them decide to spend the rest of their lives with each other. Therefore many college students choose to get married right after graduation which is actually not a wise move in many people's eyes. According to research, about 52.2% of young people aged from 18 to 25 think college period is not a good time for marriage. Rushing into marriage in college or straight after college is the challenge of financial conditions. Without a steady income, new couples bickering about trivial issues in life are not rare. What's important for a family is the sense of responsibility of family members. But for the college students who just left the naïve campus life, many of them need time to grow up to be someonewho can take things on their shoulders and solve the problems with patience. Getting married right after graduation is beyond their mental maturity. Also, getting married right after college means that they will face the issue of childbirth, which may possibly add burden to the new couple and obstruct the new mother's career. Excerpt 2 A Real Start of Life Finding the one who really understands you and is willing to face all the oncoming problems in life with you in college is lucky. And getting married after graduation is the natural result of a romantic relationship. Saying “I do” and filling our eyes with tears of happiness is definitely one of the most significant moments in our life. And from that moment, a brand new life begins. Getting married at a relatively young age is beneficial for one's career life. Tied your life with the one you love can greatly increase your confidence in work. For those who get married late, they will probably face all the problems together. That is to say, the young people may get busy working and finding the right one at the same time. Besides, getting married after graduation can give us time to take a breather and finish different tasks separately. We are not unfamiliar with the so-called “leftover” people. With fine education and high salary, these young people can still get stressed in seeking their life partner and constructing a family in their 30s. And a frustrating feeling is easier to be generated if one could not handle the stress properly. 审题⽴意 如今，⼤学毕业就结婚成了许多年轻⼈的选择。⼤学⽣在毕业后 即将⾛向社会，对于⼈⽣的规划意识也逐渐增强。我们经常听到 先 “ 成家，后⽴业 修⾝，⻬家，治国，平天下 这类说法。作为社会成 ”“ ”员，拥有⼀个稳定的家庭是⼀切事业的开始，所以⼤学⽣毕业之后就 结婚能够为稳定的⽣活奠定基础，也避免了在⼀个短暂的时期内慌乱 地解决⼯作和家庭的⽭盾。但从另⼀⽅⾯来讲，刚刚毕业的⼤学⽣经 济基础薄弱，社会经验不⾜，⼼性并未完全成熟，这个时候结婚，婚 姻的稳定性不能得到保障。对于⼥性⽽⾔，也可能会因为孩⼦问题延 迟就业。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，即⼤学毕业就结婚的两⽅⾯观 点。 发表⾃⼰的观点。考⽣作为即将毕业的⼤学⽣，对这个问题最 有发⾔权。结合⾃⼰的⽣活体会，论述⾃⼰关于毕业之后就结婚的想 法。 总结观点。何时结婚属于个⼈⾃由，每个⼈的情况也⼤相径 庭。但是结婚是⼈⽣中很重要的决定，综合各种实际情况去考虑婚恋 问题才是合理的做法。 精彩范⽂ Marriage Is Not a Temporary Passion Whether it's suitable for college students to get married in college or right after graduation is hotly debated by the public. As young adults who haven't earned much social experience or money, they are mostly emotionally impulsive and financially weak. Therefore, many people cast opposing votes on the idea of getting married right after college. However, others agree that such early marriage is beneficial to young couples of college graduates and instead of hampering them, marriage gives them the supportive power to fight for the future. As far as I'm concerned, it's our right to get married whenever we want only if we reach the marriageable age, but we may need thorough consideration before we decide it. (Viewpoint)Firstly, surely the financial status is not important enough to let us abjure what we love, but it can always possess a relatively high position in deciding what kind of life we can lead. (Topic sentence) College students who walk out of the campus with a whole pocket of knowledge and ambitions, but not money, will definitely face the problems of livelihood. When the situation is hard for one person, it'll get worse for two. Secondly, steady marriages are the fruits of carefully running. (Topic sentence) It takes us courage and resolution to settle down with another one after falling in love. And no one can say when is right for someone to get married. But one thing we need to be clear is that marriage is nothing like an experiment which we can afford to start anew for as many times as we like. So if we decide to get married after college in the name of love, then we really need to run it with patience and love, too. Getting married is one of the biggest decisions in our life and we need to treat it seriously. (Conclusion) Some people get married early, some later, and some even don't need marriage at all. Emotional feelings are hard to be explained or controlled. But make sure you have given it a second thought before you get married right after college. 主题词汇 冲动的 impulsive adj. 对 投反对票 cast opposing votes on …… 有益的 beneficial adj. 达到结婚年龄的 marriageable adj. 阻碍 hamper vt. 放弃 abjure vt. ⽣计 livelihood n. 三思 give a second thought 亮点句式But one thing we need to be clear is that marriage is nothing like an experiment which we can afford to start anew for as many times as we like. 【译⽂】 但是我们需要弄清楚的⼀点是，婚姻绝⾮实验，我们承 担不起⽆数次的重新开始。 【分析】 是⼀个固定句式， one thing we need to be clear is that... 意为 我们需要弄清楚的⼀点是 ，其中 意为 绝⾮ ， “ ……” nothing like “ ” 表⽰强调。该句⼦可以⽤在很多话题的论述上，⽐如⼈⽣的旅程、⻘ 春的经历等。Essay 085 关于性别 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on the gender issue, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the gender issue, especially your opinion on whether women are completely equal to men nowadays. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Women Rights Are Highlighted With the changing of the labor division in society and the development of economies, women are joining different social fields overwhelmingly. Since we say culture is the direct reflection of social realities, the popular female topics nowadays are the best illustration of female status. If you are faced with difficulties in life, Wonder Woman is there to support you; If you are interested in women wrestling games, have fun in Dangal. Women are presenting their charisma to the world with their perseverance and abilities. More leadership positions, better pay at work and more rights in society than before are all the characteristics of modern women. Well, these advantages are not pennies from heaven. A study has showed us that with knowledge, skills and social connections women bring to a company, theyare better at constructing a good team. Therefore, more women in management, more market value a group can make. With multi-identities, women are not only the representation of mothers and wives who take care of families all day long, they are also lawyers, teachers, doctors and chief executives. They have really held up half of the sky. Excerpt 2 Female Issues Are Still Highlighted While women are sharing more social responsibilities in the modern world, it is still commonly accepted that one of the most severe challenges in the 21st century is the pursuit of gender equality. Women's rights is still one of the hot topics in our society. Recently, China's educational authorities announced a ban to forbid the gender and ethnicity discrimination requirements with regard to on-campus recruiting. The birth of such a ban is not surprising considering the gender discrimination is not rare in job hunting. Employers reject female applicants because they think men will not be interrupted in work by childbirth. The more worrying situation is that in some areas, women are still considered as the accessory of men. The world has made great effort to get rid of the dark feudalism. But the job in some tech companies just depicts the picture of women's life in old times for us so easily. More attention to women's rights is definitely the good thing which will greatly emphasize the importance of females. But on the other hand, we cannot help wondering that if something is natural and normal, then why it needs to be highlighted. 审题⽴意 当今社会，⼥性在社会中扮演着越来越重要的作⽤，社会的各⾏ 各业都充斥着⼥性忙碌的⾝影，看起来⼥性已经摆脱了传统的相夫教 ⼦的形象。但是另⼀⽅⾯，也有⼈指出，⼥性的权利⼀再被强调，这 恰恰是男⼥权利不平等的表现。不可否认的是，⼥性也确实仍在许多⽅⾯受到限制。关于男⼥平等是否已经实现以及能否实现男⼥平等的 问题，⼀直是社会热点话题。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点：⼥性地位的提升以及⼥权仍属于 争论话题表明⼥性地位并未完全与男性平等。 发表⾃⼰的观点：两⽅观点均有其道理，可以持乐观态度，如 ⼥性地位较之从前如何，随着社会与经济的发展，⼥性的地位必然会 越来越⾼；观点也可以是实际的，如⼥性仍未完全摆脱其弱势地位， 在很多⽅⾯，⼥性的发展还是受限制的，这就需要我们付出更多的努 ⼒。 总结观点：真正男⼥平等的社会中，⼥权问题是不需要单独拿 出来强调的。男性的光环被放在⼥性⾝上的时候也应该是⼀样和谐且 耀眼的。 精彩范⽂ Something Natural Would Not Be Emphasized Due to mostly biological reasons, women are usually in a weaker position than men. Although the world has changed a lot, the equality of men and women is still argued. Some claim that women are gaining the same status as men, for they are playing more important roles in our society, while others contend that the discrimination is not diminished and that's why female issues are still emphasized nowadays. As for the two opinions, I feel impelled to say that I agree with the latter one that women and men are not completely equal yet. (Viewpoint) An unarguable fact is that women have become more important than they were in the past. (Topic sentence) Women are the cores not only for a family but also for a nation just as the famous saying goes: You educate a woman, and then you educate a generation. Nowadays, women are contributing to social fields besides the domestic stuff. The shift is notonly the result of various feminism movements. Rather, it is the natural evolution which records the changing of social structures and economies. On the other hand, more efforts should be made to protect women rights. (Topic sentence) Because of complicated cultural, economic, political and social factors, women are still enslaved in many countries. And even with the laws and regulations on women's rights, female applicants can still be rejected. What I'm trying to say here is the inveterate recognition of weaker position of women is making many people not take feminism seriously. Only when women 's rights are neither highlighted nor criticized, can women be really equal to men. (Conclusion) And that is a world in which women have the confidence to stand or refuse to stand on every stage which used to be considered as men's. At that unprecedented moment, the word “feminism” may be omitted from the dictionary. 主题词汇 歧视 discrimination n. 减少 diminish vi. 推进 impel vt. ⼥权主义；男⼥平等主义 feminism n. 束缚；奴役 enslave vt. 根深蒂固的 inveterate adj. 空前的 unprecedented adj. 省略 omit vt. 亮点句式 Women are the cores not only for a family but also for a nation just as the famous saying goes: You educate a woman, and then you educate a generation.【译⽂】 正如⼀句名⾔所说的那样：你教育了⼀个⼥⼈，就教育 了⼀代⼈。⼥⼈不仅仅是⼀个家庭的核⼼，也是⼀个⺠族的核⼼。 【分析】 本句使⽤了 结构，前后连接两个并列 not only... but also... 关系的成分，在本句中， 前后连接了两个介词短语 not only... but also... 和 ； 是固定表达，意为 俗话 for a family for a nation as the saying goes “ 说 ，正如名⾔所⾔ ；在遇到⼥性相关话题时候，常可以使⽤ …… ……” 来强调⼥性教育 You educate a woman, and then you educate a generation. 的重要性。Essay 086 关于 ⽉光族 “ ” ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about “the moonlight clan”, a group of young people who spend their entire salary before the end of every month, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the moonlight clan, especially whether you are for or against it. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Embrace the Present Joy Moonlight clan is used to describe a large group of people who use up their entire salary before the end of each month, especially young adults. Many of the young people would not become a member of the moonlight clan if they could listen to the last generation who told them to save for rainy days. Maybe the thoughts towards money have been changed because of the economic development in our society. Various forms of shopping are a big temptation that young people cannot resist. And one thing that must be admitted here is that the life quality of the new generation is much higher than that of the last generation in the past. Buying things with the salary ofa whole month may seem ridiculous from a conventional point of view. However, the real value of money is its satisfaction of our material needs and the realization of our wants. Maybe the army of moonlight clan have emerged with our new culture. One of the popular sayings for the youth in our society is YOLO. YOLO is the abbreviation for “you only live once”. And this aphorism aims to imply the wish for treasuring time and enjoying life, for if we don't, we will never have a second chance to live anew. Excerpt 2 Lead a Life on the Seesaw The owner of the salary has the absolute right to decide where to spend the money. But still, it is considered to be unwise to spend all the money we have before the end of the month. These young people may have the ability to manage their next month. But the most possible helper for their financial crisis is their family. Thus, a direct result of moonlight clan is being the parasite of the family. Without a steady number on their bank account, young people will lead a life on a seesaw. That is to say, the account balance and peace of life is hard to be maintained. The consumption habit of the moonlight clan is capricious. Since no one can control the plots of life, spending all the money today and being both poor and helpless tomorrow is never a sweet experience. Tomorrow is unpredictable and we shall never know what comes along with tomorrow. Instead of spending money without considering the future, young people should save a certain amount of money for a rainy day. What's more, finding a way to make us wealthier is wiser than expecting fun in shopping. 审题⽴意 ⽉光族 是社会上⼀直被关注的群体。该群体以其花钱之任性⽽ “ ” 闻名。但是，多数情况下， ⽉光族 并不是贬义的指代。在 ⽉光 “ ” “ 族 看来，⽤⾃⼰的⼯资去享受⽣活是⽆可⾮议的。他们信奉⼈活⼀ ”世，盛年不重来，⼈⽣有钱须尽欢。⽽传统的想法是未⾬绸缪，才能 宠辱不惊，我们应该将钱存⼀部分以备不时之需。攥在⼿⾥的钱到底 是该全部花掉实现眼前的需求，还是攒起来或者投资，为未来做准 备；考⽣可以根据⾃⼰的⾦钱观，对此发表看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，即花钱还是攒钱。 发表⾃⼰的观点。考⽣作为即将就业的群体，对于⾃⼰的⽣活 开销、收⼊⽀出已经有了基本的把握，可以结合⾃⼰的⼈⽣理念和经 历对此发表看法。 总结观点，享受⽣活与为未来做准备实质上并⾮⽔⽕不容。合 理分配⾃⼰的收⼊，就能实现⼆者兼顾。 精彩范⽂ Be Unfazed by Financial Issues While we all admit the importance of money, different people hold different attitudes toward the way of spending it. The rising number of moonlight clan among young people shows one of the typical attitudes. Some are willing to join the moonlight army because they consider the value of earning money lies in spending it to have a better life. Yet others who reject to spend all the money they have earned consider that life consists of weal and woe, and therefore, we need to prepare for unpredictable situations. Weighing these two arguments, I prefer the latter one. We need to save some money in life. (Viewpoint) Firstly, there is nothing wrong with spending the money we earn, but we cannot seek happiness in spending money. (Topic sentence) Spending all the salary in a short time is the reflection of impulsive consumptions. And that'll definitely destroy our virtue of frugality. Also, the real fun of life is not sought in material enjoyment. The mirth we get from unscrupulous consumption is temporary. For someone who is used tospending money without consideration, an unhealthy attitude toward money may dominate their life. Secondly, compared with the short satisfaction of being a moonlight clan, saving for our future life is wiser. (Topic sentence) No one knows what's going to happen in our life and the only thing we can do is to try to be fully prepared. Also, the money we saved can be the fund for future plans like travelling or further study. The traditional virtue of being diligent and thrifty is the secret for us to avoid a devious life. (Conclusion) We should not spend recklessly without saving for tomorrow. Although money is considered as the root of all evil, we cannot lead a life with money being absent. 主题词汇 祸福 weal and woe 俭省，节俭 frugality n. 肆⽆忌惮的 unscrupulous adj. 勤勉的 diligent adj. 节俭的 thrifty adj. 曲折的 devious adj. 鲁莽地 recklessly adv. 罪恶之源 the root of evil 亮点句式 The mirth we get from unscrupulous consumption is temporary. 【译⽂】 我们在肆⽆忌惮的消费中获得的快乐是短暂的。 【分析】 该句式中的 可以⽤在很多情景之 The mirth is temporary 下，⽐如，拖延症的快乐是短暂的，懒惰的快乐是短暂的等。Essay 087 ⼤城市 ⼩城市 vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about life status in big cities and small cities, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the two different life conditions, especially on which one you prefer. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Big Cities Are Full of Surprises Nowadays, the cosmopolis has become the ideal destination for citizens from all over the world. Big cities are attractive for its advantages of development. Providing excellent resources in education, medical treatment, culture etc., big cities are ideal places to settle down. According to the statistics of Ministry of Education in 2015, more than 90 percent of Bachelor degree graduates from 75 universities prefer to find jobs in big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. The situation is ubiquitous due to many factors. Because of a relatively low economic level, the average salary drops when people move to a smaller city. A study shows that those who choose to move to second-tier cities from the first-tier cities will find their salary at 91.2% of the past.Besides that, the application of professional skills is also limited by the scale of a city. Living in big cities is like walking in the front line of social development, for we can get to know the latest achievement in every aspect of society and also in our major. But things are completely different in small cities in which many graduates find it's hard to get a major-related job. Excerpt 2 The Sense of Belonging Is Lost As life in big cities is becoming harder, people begin to doubt whether it's worthwhile to take the stressful life. The high housing prices and the bad weather conditions are giving people more reasons to leave the first-tier cities. Rather, many young people, especially the post-90s generation choose to settle in smaller cities where living costs are relatively low and conditions are better, like second-tier cities. According to a report, 32 percent of 2017 graduates are hoping to work in first-tier cities. The number is four percentage points lower than that in the previous year. The choice of smaller cities can be seen as the compromise to reality, or the pursuit of a more comfortable life. A new survey released by China Youth Daily suggests that about 85.5% of people don't have a feeling of belonging to the big cities where they live or work. The loss of the sense of connection was mostly because of failing to get a household registration. And the skyrocketing price of house in big cities is also overwhelming for the youngsters. Compared with the tense life in big cities, the small cities are more suitable for living. Since life is a one-way trip, the unnecessary suffering in big cities is avoided by many people. 审题⽴意 ⼤城市总是有着神奇的魔⼒，吸引着⽆数的年轻⼈。毕业之后去 ⼤城市发展成为许多⼤学⽣的奋⽃信条。不可否认的是⼤城市以其先 进的经济发展⽔平和前沿⽂化成为现代⽣活的代表。对于个体来说， ⼤城市意味着更多的机会和选择。但是，⽣活在⼤城市也意味着更⼤的压⼒以及更快的⽣活节奏。 宁要⼤城市⼀张床，不要⼩城市⼀间 “ 房 的⼝号也不再盛⾏。⽬前，如武汉、南京等新⼀线城市发展迅猛， ” 吸引了⼤批年轻⼈。因此许多⼈认为如果在⼀线城市举步维艰，不如 退居⼆线城市，提⾼⽣活品质。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，即⼤城市和⼩城市各⾃的利弊。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⼤城市与⼩城市的⽣活各有其优缺点，⽣活 本⾝就是如⼈饮⽔，冷暖⾃知。我们应该依照⾃⼰的意愿与追求做出 选择。 总结观点。受个⼈意愿与经济背景影响，每个⼈对于⽣活都有 着不同的向往。⽆论选择哪⼀种⽣活，⽣活的品质和幸福感是最重要 的。 精彩范⽂ Follow Your Heart If prosperity is the magnetism of the big cities, then ease can be the charisma of small cities. Different cities are attracting different people with their distinctive features. People who choose to live in big cities are fonder of the fresh things. But big cities aren't the paradise for all. Every day there are people who escape from big cities saying smaller cities provide them a higher life quality. For my part, I believe the deciding factors of living in a big city or a smaller one are a matter of personal wills and abilities. (Viewpoint) What kind of life you are looking forward to is the ultimate standard for everything in our life. (Topic sentence) We all know that the advanced culture and rapid developing rate in big cities keep the enthusiasm from subsiding. Still, we can also be encumbered with the struggling life in big cities that are full of competition and temptations. Living in small citiesmay bring us easiness and leisureliness, but we may regret from time to time. So before we make any decisions, figure out our true wishes firstly. Our abilities are in charge of the realization of our wills. (Topic sentence) Whether we can live in accord with the city we choose is very important. The life experience of a person can be so fickle that we really shouldn't limit ourselves within the present situation. That is to say, if we are not strong enough to face the difficulties in big cities, then we can always find other places which are congenial; if we feel like the present life is not wide enough for our development, then moving to a bigger stage is a better choice. Although a prudent consideration can be completed by our brain, the final decision is made by our heart. (Conclusion) No matter what kind of city you choose, just make sure that you are happy about it and you will try your best to fulfill your wishes. 主题词汇 区别性特征 distinctive feature 喜欢的 fond adj. 熄灭 减弱 subside vi. ; 阻碍或妨碍某⼈⾃由活动 encumber sb. with sth. 与 ⼀致 in concord with …… 变化⽆常的 fickle adj. 意⽓相投的 congenial adj. 审慎的，谨慎的 prudent adj. 亮点句式 Although a prudent consideration can be completed by our brain, the final decision is made by our heart.【译⽂】 尽管⼤脑能够仔细思量，最终还是由我们的⼼意拍板做 决定。 【分析】 本句表述了理智与情感的问题。正如在⽣活中，⼩事的 决定权在于⼤脑，⼤事的决定权在于⼼。Essay 088 ⼴场舞 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts on square dance, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards square dance. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Dance with Passion Square dance has become a widely accepted activity in China nowadays. It refers to a popular type of dance mainly among the middle aged women, or as they are often called: Dama. Gathering at an open square or just an open area in the city, the members whose average age is over 50 would do some exercise or dance with certain music voluntarily. Usually, they have their unified moves and gestures that are relatively easy to imitate. The most intriguing part is the group is available for any one. Even if you are just passing by, the dance is free for you to join in. Square dancing has spread rapidly in China. Due to the great pleasure that dancing can bring to someone's mood and the healthy exercise that one can take from practicing it, the army of square dancers is expanding faster and faster. Anytime you see the women dancing on the square, you get tosee these bright smiles on their faces. It can be inferred that they are having a great time. Square dance has enriched the life of many retired people. “Square dancing has refreshed my life. I met those same-aged friends and we gathered together for not only dancing but also chatting, which was really pleasant.” Says a square dancer. Excerpt 2 The Incongruous Setting There's no doubt that square dance has brought the healthy lifestyle to many people. With enjoyment, they can also do exercise every day. However, the loud music and the large-scaled move have disturbed the order of many public areas. Many citizens have complained about the growing chaos square dance has brought to their life. “There is a group of people who dance every night near my apartment. They gather at about 6 o'clock p.m. Then the music won't stop till midnight. My family is annoyed every day. I feel like the night time is turned into a nightmare somehow. I do admit that square dance is in general a positive activity, but try to imagine that your children are trying so hard to do homework while these square dancers are nonchalant about the noise they make.” The complaint has shown us the seemingly positive square dance has infringed other people's right. To reduce the noise, necessary actions are in need. The disruption can be really annoying, for the victims are not suffering it from time to time, but on a daily basis. 审题⽴意 ⻛靡全国的⼴场舞以其活⼒与简单易学的动作吸引了众多中⽼年 妇⼥。⼤街⼩巷都有⼴场舞的⾝影。如今，这项原本⼗分积极的活动 却也引起了诸多问题，⽐如其规模很⼤，通常⾳乐的声⾳也很⼤，这 给周围居⺠的⽣活造成了困扰。所以社会上逐渐产⽣了反对⼴场舞的 声⾳。考⽣可以针对此题⽬，谈谈⾃⼰对⼴场舞的看法。写作框架 总结材料中的两种观点，即⼴场舞对于社会的正反两⽅⾯影 响。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⼀⽅⾯，要承认⼴场舞的积极意义；另⼀⽅ ⾯，也不应该忽视其造成的噪⾳问题。我们应该⽀持⼴场舞的进⾏， 但也应该采取措施减少其对其他居⺠的打扰。 总结观点。社会的友好环境需要每个⼈的努⼒，对于⼴场舞的 问题应该给予解决。 精彩范⽂ My View on Square Dancing With the richness of life after retirement, a new activity has been brought into being. Attracting mainly the middle-aged women in their 50s, square dance has created a positive atmosphere for society. We see groups of people dancing and smiling on the available “stages” like the park or the square. Yet the pleasant “dance as you like” situation has also brought the noises to the citizens. The loud music and the crowded team have impacted their regular life. Created to rejuvenate old people, square dance is criticized for waiving the public peace aside. Taking the pros and cons of square dance into account, I think the existence of square dance is definitely positive, yet the public order should not be disturbed. (Viewpoint) Firstly, square dance has reshaped the life of the senior citizens. (Topic sentence) Many people are tortured by a tedious life after retirement. Sitting around all day long at home can be quite boring. Square dance has provided them with the opportunity to enrich their life and make new friends. It is not earning the popularity for no reason in such a short time. As a public activity, square dance has many positive influences. Yet on the flip side, the complaints about the noises cannot be ignored. (Topic sentence) Square dance itself is a positive activity for the public, but noises are disrupting public order. The conflicted issue must beconsciously treated. Actually, different ways can be applied to solve the problem. For example, some people have proposed to let the dancers wear earphones. Others put forward that the dancing time can be adjusted. Since the dancers are mostly retired, the gathering time can be arranged not to conflict with other people's sleeping time. Co-effort is needed to make square dance an activity without disrupting other people's life. (Conclusion) And the key point that we need to bear in mind in social affairs is that society belongs to every member. That is to say, when we are trying to make our life full of glee, we should also avoid badgering others. 主题词汇 使 出现 bring... into being …… 使年轻，使恢复精神 rejuvenate vt. 置公众安宁于不顾 waive the public peace aside 重塑 reshape vt. 使充实 enrich vt. 另⼀⽅⾯ on the flip side 牢记在⼼ bear in mind 充满欢乐 full of glee 叨扰 badger vt. 亮点句式 It is not earning the popularity for no reason in such a short time. 【译⽂】 （⼴场舞）在这么短的时间⾥受到欢迎不是没有原因 的。【分析】 意为 并⾮是没有原因的 。 ... is not... for no reason “…… ” 该句式经常可以⽤在论据表述部分。如： He is not angry for no reason. （他不是⽆缘⽆故⽣⽓的。）Essay 089 集体运动与个⼈运动 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the different forms of sports, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards team sports and individual sports, especially your opinion on which one is better. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Supported by the Team Including various forms of physical activities, sports are salutary ways for people to improve their physical abilities and skills that are essential for their health. The races for single contestants and the games for team participants can both be seen in the abundant sports systems. Team sports that include more than one contestant playing in the game simultaneously are very popular nowadays. A team sport sticks the members together. The final result of the game hinges on the entire team and the team members share the thrills of success as well as the pain of failures. Therefore, everyone is soaked in the team spirit by moving toward the same goal. In team sports, we get to know that great achievements include not only our own contributions but also thesupport we can give to others. The encouragements between members show us how to be selfless. Furthermore, one usually has a specific task to execute in team sports. It's easy for the players to strengthen their skills and learn to make most of the changes with clear assignments. At the same time, a team provides the chance for us to learn from our teammates. Excerpt 2 Show Your Best Vastly different from the team sport, the individual sport is another important form in the sports system. The result of team sports depends on the performance of every member which is relatively hard to manage. Yet the individual sport is determined by the player himself/herself. By contrast, the individual sport is more flexible. Playing all by oneself, the player has to make the best choice and therefore learn to be independent. In addition, a contestant in the individual sports is supposed to face all the challenges both physically and mentally. Under such circumstance, we learn to control our own pace and build a strong system of resilience with the support of self-esteem. What's more, for the individual sports, the training plans and time can be made and adjusted specifically according to the player's personal conditions. In an individual sport, every competition is a chance for us to beat our personal best. A player is responsible for every move he or she makes. Since there is no need to cooperate with another player, one can be his or her best without worrying about other contestants. 审题⽴意 运动是我们⽣活中的重要组成部分，多种多样的运动使得我们的 ⽣活丰富多彩。在众多分类⽅法中，集体运动和个⼈运动是根据⼈数 来划分的两种运动形式。由于参加运动的⼈数不同，两种运动有着不 同甚⾄相反的特点和要求。集体运动教会我们集体精神和合作精神，⽽个⼈运动让我们不断发掘⾃⼰、张扬⾃⼰的特点。考⽣对于两种运 动类型有什么看法呢？结合材料发表⾃⼰的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，集体运动让我们学会 团结和协作；另⼀⽅⾯，个⼈运动让我们尽情发挥⾃我。 发表⾃⼰的观点。个⼈认为，集体运动更加有趣。 总结观点。运动⽅式偏好因个⼈特点⽽不同，但是对于⾮专业 运动员的我们来说，也要把运动中积极向上的精神发扬到⽣活中，全 ⼒以赴地对待⽣活。 精彩范⽂ Enjoy Sports and Camaraderie Since sport helps us become stronger both physically and mentally and brings us a lot of fun, it has gained great popularity in modern society. Among the various kinds of sports, team sports and individual sports are categorized according to the number of contestants in a game. Although each of them has its own advantage, different people hold different opinions on them. Many prefer team sports because the team setting shows the importance of cooperation as well as the trust between team members in reaching a common goal. Yet others think individual sports have a lot to offer like the flexible training schedule and full development of one's own potentials. Weighing the pros and cons of the two kinds of sports, I would like to join in team sports more than individual sports. (Viewpoint) Firstly, team sports offer us not only the team spirit, but also friendship. (Topic sentence) The team sports teach us that no imperious attitude or inflated character can survive in a team. We learn how to be tender and considerate that is the essential quality throughout our life. Also, the joint effort to win a victory associates the team members closely in which true friendship is bred.Secondly, a team helps its members to set and achieve a determined goal. (Topic sentence) Personal interest can alter, whereas the team goal is not easy to be altered. With the support of the team, the team members would try to jostle with other teams for victory rather than focus on their own frustration. They always know that perseverance is needed for the sake of team honor. By nature, individual sports and team sports are different. The choice is really based on personal preference. Yet two ways are all excellent in improving our health and lifting up our spirit. Regardless of the types of sport, the point is to stay focused and goal oriented which is also applicable to our life. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 友情 camaraderie n. 傲慢的 imperious adj. 膨胀的 inflated adj. 改变，动摇 alter v. 与 争夺 jostle with …… 为了 的利益 for the sake of …… 本质上 by nature 不管；不考虑 regardless of 亮点句式 Personal interest can alter, whereas the team goal is not easy to be altered. 【译⽂】 个⼈兴趣可能会改变，但是团队⽬标是不容易被改变 的。【分析】 这句话也可以⽤在其他话题作⽂中，如个⼈与社会的联 系等。Essay 090 我对电⼦游戏的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about playing video games, a common phenomenon among adolescents, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards playing video games, especially your opinion on whether playing video games should be banned. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Abyss of the Lost As many children take video games as the paradise of fun, their parents and teachers are taking video games as rivalries. The reasons that account for the phenomenon are various. The majority of video game players are young people, especially students. Without a mature and settled philosophy towards life, their devotion to video games could have a terrible impact on their growth. Unquestionably, most video games are accused of eroding the normal life of the youth because of the propagandas of violence and invasions. Under most circumstances, these violent video games breed aggressive thoughts, even if they are not leading to violence directly.Also, like drugs and gambling, video games are addictive for young people, especially for the students' group. Once they are obsessed with video games, the interest in study shall be discounted. Immersing in the fictitious world could lead to a spontaneous apathy towards real life. The children who are crazy about video games tend to be mute in life, for they have accustomed to the online communications and games have been the most intriguing topic for them. Excerpt 2 A Shift of View Video games have always been the ambassador of degenerations and lapses. However, despite the negative views towards it, we should know the other side of the coin. Research that was published in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology has tested the effects of playing so-called “pro-social” video games on children and young adults in three countries. From the answers of their questionnaires and observations, they found that people who spent more time on the game are more likely to cooperate, to share and to help others. The surprising result has overturned the idea that video games are turning children into social people. Viewing video games peacefully, we will find that many children are only considering it as entertainment which can save them from the pressure of study. They get to see these ingenious challenges in the game and it is like a breath of fresh air. And in recent years, the esports industry is booming. Through different tournaments and attractive prizes, the esports industry is becoming a future trend in our society. Many young people therefore take playing video games as their occupation and they can actually earn fine money by doing this. 审题⽴意 本题⽬考查考⽣对玩电⼦游戏的看法。⻘少年沉迷电⼦游戏是社 会⼗分关注的问题。⻘少年⼼智尚未成熟，在游戏⾥⾯受到许多不良的，甚⾄是暴⼒因素的影响。这样的影响使得孩⼦们在成⻓的过程中 性格发⽣改变。有些孩⼦也因为沉迷于电⼦游戏⽽不能⾃拔，以⾄于 荒废学业。但是，在社会对电⼦游戏⼀⽚唏嘘之声的同时，也有⼈提 出了事实上⼀些电⼦游戏使得孩⼦们更加亲近社会，也更乐于助⼈。 随着电⼦竞技的流⾏，很多年轻⼈也成了专业的玩家。考⽣在分析两 则材料所给的电⼦游戏利弊的基础上，可以从电⼦游戏的种类、孩⼦ 们玩游戏的时间等⽅⾯来写作。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的关于玩电⼦游戏的利弊的两种观点。 发表⾃⼰的观点。观点可以是：并⾮杜绝电⼦游戏，但是家⻓ 和⽼师们应该根据孩⼦的成⻓需求对孩⼦们加以引导。 总结观点。孩⼦们的快乐是由多种体验组成的。除了对孩⼦们 玩电⼦游戏的监督与考虑，我们或许可以思考⼀下如何使得孩⼦们在 ⽣活中参与更多有益的活动，获得更多真实的快乐。 精彩范⽂ A Coin Has Two Sides Nowadays, video games are quite popular among young people, but they are not welcomed by most parents and teachers. And as more and more researchers put their effort into the field, discordant views toward video games have been generated. Some proposed playing video games demoralizes children, for there are so many violent elements in the game and these innocent young people are so likely to be bewitched by it that they leave study behind. However, Against the cliché about video games, many have emphasized the good things about playing video games by stating the positive influence like helping others and being more cooperative. In my opinion, to exterminate playing video games is neither pragmatic nor appropriate. Parents and teachers should giveadvice on playing video games for the children instead of banning it. (Viewpoint) Firstly, the proper guidance is needed. (Topic sentence) When the sign of addiction is found, we can remind them video games bring ephemeral joys for they are not real instead of punishing the children with severity. And letting the kids be more active in real social life is a good way. We can provide the kids more chances to go to camps and outdoor activities so that they can realize the abundant joy in life. Secondly, appropriate playing should be allowed after filtration. (Topic sentence) To avoid the situation that children are smothered by study, we should allow the playing of video games. But the time for playing and the game type should be treated carefully. The video games are heterogeneous. Also, the playing time should be limited and an award system can be formed to motivate children's study so that they won't devote all to the games. Thirdly, the lack of communication with parents can be a reason that children seek comfort in video games. (Topic sentence) The problem under the camouflage of playing can be the yearning for love, so more communications between family members are necessary in avoiding overplaying in virtual world. In conclusion, the judgment towards playing video games should not be made hastily. (Conclusion) Pros and cons should be considered objectively. After all, the actual needs of the children are primary. 主题词汇 不和谐的；不⼀致的 discordant adj. 使道德败坏；使堕落 demoralize vt. 消灭；根除 exterminate vt. 短暂的欢乐 ephemeral joys 抑制 使窒息 smother vt. ; 成分混杂的 heterogeneous adj.伪装；掩饰 camouflage n. 亮点句式 And as more and more researchers put their effort into the field, discordant views toward video games have been generated. 【译⽂】 随着越来越多的研究⼈员在这个领域付出努⼒，⼈们对 于电⼦游戏已经有不同的声⾳了。 【分析】 表⽰针对某⼀事情，有众多不 discordant views toward... 同的看法或者是不⼀样的声⾳。这个句式可以⽤在作⽂开头处，⽤来 引出材料的两种观点。Essay 091 关于 协助⾃杀 的争议 “ ” ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about assisted suicide, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards assisted suicide, especially your opinion on whether you are for or against such practice. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Right to Die The exciting breakthroughs in iatrology and the rapid development in technology have helped human beings lead a longer life and enjoy better health conditions. But the number of diseases did not decrease along with all these delightful medical improvements. And nowadays, the unbearable pain from illness has made the patients ask for assisted suicide to end such great pain. The assisted suicide is aimed at reducing the pain of the terminally ill patients in a medical way that doctors intentionally provide the patients with methods or medicines to end the patients' life. All the people have the right to choose their life. For the people who have incurable disease, they have to suffer not only the physical pain, but also the psychological torment of waiting for the end. Compared with themeaningless life, they would rather look forward to the next life, if there is one. Being alive and leading a good life is the right of everyone. A relief from disease is also the right for all. For people who are afflicted by the illness all the time, their wills should be respected and agreed, and it would be inhumane of us to ignore their pleas cruelly. Excerpt 2 The Obligation to Value Life Although seeing others suffer from pain is the last thing we want to do in the world, we have the moral duty to treasure every life. For the whole society, valuing life is a basic and fundamental respect we hold toward each other. The thought that supports assisted suicide is actually to rank the lives according to their physical qualities. The sanction of the assisted suicide is the implication for the terminally ill patients that they are supported or urged to leave the world which would undoubtedly be another serious blow to them. And the standard of the assisted suicide is barely impossible to set. With the amazing development in medicine and medical technology, how could we know that the disease is not expected to be cured in the near future; with so many tough people who showed us the battles with cancers, how could we know the one who asks for assisted suicide cannot be one of the winners and show the world another miracle. The career path is hard if the doctors and nurses are told that their tasks are not only saving people but also ending their life. The feelings of guilt are probably going to occupy their mind and have an unfavorable impact on themselves. 审题⽴意 关于 协助⾃杀 的争论，社会上⼀直有截然不同的观点。⾝患绝 “ ” 症的病⼈遭受⾁体与精神上的折磨，希望在清醒的意识下有尊严地结 束⾃⼰的⽣命。他们是⾃⼰⽣命的主⼈，也应该有结束⽣命的权利。⽽ 协助⾃杀 的⼈员怀着同情之⼼帮助这些病⼈实现最后的愿望似乎 “ ” 也⽆可厚⾮。但是，还有⼈提出，珍惜每⼀个⽣命是我们⼈类社会的 基本道德表现，⽽ 协助⾃杀 所带来的影响远不⽌于病⼈本⾝。对于 “ ” 死亡的⽀持可能会使我们对⽣命的信念崩塌。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，即针对 协助⾃杀 这⼀问题持赞 “ ” 成还是否定的态度。 发表⾃⼰的观点。 协助⾃杀 虽然对病⼈来说是⼀种解脱，但 “ ” 是对于社会来讲，这⼀做法会使⼈们对⽣命价值的认同出现偏差，是 不利于整个⼈类的。 总结观点。我们不应该动摇珍惜每⼀个⽣命的基本道德观念， 与其抛出 协助⾃杀 的举措，不如思考更好的⼈⽂关怀的⽅法。 “ ” 精彩范⽂ The Solemn Life Diseases are merciless and they never inform human beings about their visiting in advance. They come and afflict the flesh to frail conditions and make the patients with serious illness yield to pain and surrender to Death. An assisted suicide is to satisfy such patients' wish for ending their life. But assisted suicide is actually a stubborn problem in our society. Some support it in the belief that sufferings of those terminally ill patients should be relieved. Others are against it thinking that the value of life is supreme and cannot be spoiled under any circumstances. I assume that assisted suicide should not be supported in our society. (Viewpoint) Firstly, assisted suicide is the tacit agreement of degrading the value of life. (Topic sentence) Life is definitely the most important thing in the world. The intentional taking of innocent human life—one's own or that of another—is never a medical treatment, and is never ethical. Therefore, there should be no such thing as assisted suicide. What's more, there is avery short distance between choosing to die voluntarily and choosing to die under pressure from family and medical bills. Even if the assisted suicide is proposed by the patients, the sublime life is destroyed in the whole society. Secondly, granting assisted suicide is not helpful for those terminally ill patients who do not want to die to build their confidence to survive. (Topic sentence) We should never devaluate the power of life. The hope of living but not the right to die is intrinsic to the battle with illness for the patients. The support we give to the patients should be something like finishing what they wanted to do before they are ill so that they can be told that they are valued and respected. Although assisted suicide is proposed with good intentions, it is disobeying the fundamental reverence for life. (Conclusion) The behavior of suicide is a form of giving up, which we shall never support, even with regard to patient issues. 主题词汇 庄严的 solemn adj. 虚弱的 frail adj. 棘⼿的问题 stubborn problem ⾝患绝症的 terminally ill 默⽰协议 tacit agreement 使降低 degrade vt. 崇⾼，⾄⾼⽆上 the sublime 贬低 devaluate vt. 敬畏 reverence n. 亮点句式 They come and afflict the flesh to frail conditions and make the patients with serious illness yield to pain and surrender to Death.【译⽂】 疾病来袭，折磨着⾎⾁之躯直⾄其虚弱⽆⽐，迫使重病 患者向病痛低头，向死神投降。 【分析】 本句中使⽤了 和 两个结构，均表⽰ 屈 yield to surrender to “ 服 之意，是⽐较形象⽣动的说法。 ”Essay 092 我对⽹络交友的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about making friends online, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards making online friends, especially your opinion on whether it is a good way or not. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Harvest of Friendship With the access to the Internet, our life has changed a lot. Despite the many advantages and convenience the Internet has brought to our life, making friends online is a bonus. Overcoming the limit of time and space, online friend-making has expanded our circle of friends. Through certain applications on mobile phones, computers, etc., we get to know people we have never met before. The geographical limitation has been broken through. One of the characteristics of online friends is its accessibility. The amazing experience of sharing thoughts and emotions with someone you don't know has actually reduced the stress of exposure. Without going somewhere or being bogged down in social civilities and activities, we canbe who we really are in the Internet world. We don't need to talk with them face to face, which has greatly eliminated the awkwardness in sharing the mirth as well as the sadness with them. Also, the social competition is fiercer than before, that is to say, making friends in real life settings may easily encounter hardships while the online friendship usually generates no troubles. Thus online friendship is more comfortable. Excerpt 2 Be Destitute of Trust Using various chatting applications, we harvest plenty of friendship. Knowing someone from a different culture or race and talking to someone about our troubles without any physical burdens is definitely an amazing experience. Yet things can be tricky here. The online friendships are full of uncertainties and threatening elements. For instance, we often hear the news lamenting for some innocent young girls. They fell into the meshes of bad people and some even lost their lives. The murderers are their online “friends”. Believing they have found the true friends or even their Mr. Right online, these girls were holding no defense towards crimes. The cases give us deep thoughts if making friends online is full of dangerous and thorny problems. What's more, the Internet has impacted many people. We tend to feel indifferent about our real life. According to a recent report, the users who spend more than 5 hours a week will spend less time with their families. Furthermore, they prefer to spend family time working. The closer distance in the Internet has enlarged the distance in real life. The pattern that the friends online are not trustworthy and the real friends have been ignored can push one to loneliness. 审题⽴意 随着互联⽹的普及，⽹络交友逐渐成为⼀种趋势，尤其在年轻⼈ 当中更为明显。作为⼀种新的交友⽅式，⽹络交友⼀直备受争议。⼀⽅⾯，许多⼈提出，⽹络交友超越了时间与空间，让我们收获更多的 友情；另⼀⽅⾯，许多⼈提出⽹络交友充斥着不信任感，⽽且有着太 多的不确定性。考⽣在阅读两则材料后，可以结合⾃⼰的⽹络交友情 况，针对友情、针对⽹络交友安全等⽅⾯进⾏论述。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的关于⽹络交友的利与弊的两种观点。 发表⾃⼰的观点。观点应该客观地论述⽹络交友的正反两⾯， 提出⽹络交友并⾮洪⽔猛兽，不应该因为惧怕潜在的危险⽽放弃很多 朋友。 总结观点。在⽹络交友的过程中，我们应该谨慎⼀些，尽量避 免那些不稳定的因素。 精彩范⽂ Leave No Regret in Making Friends With the increasingly rapid development of technology, the Internet has become an integral part of our life. Among all the things we do with the Internet, making friends is a very delightful one. Friends are the people who extricate us from being helpless and from getting stuck in the mire. However, making friends online has aroused hot debate. Some people hold the idea that making friends online can provide an emotional sanctuary for us, which means we talk to each other with less pressure and our friends online outnumbers the real friends. On the other hand, the opposite voices are heard. Proposing the Internet is full of uncertainty and unknown information, a lot of people are worrying about the safety problems of making friends online. The miseries of these young girls have shown that the worry is not redundant. I believe making friends is necessary and we shall be regretful if we banish online friends for fear of its potential unstable elements. (Viewpoint)On the one hand, making friends online can break down the boundaries in friendship. (Topic sentence) Without the limitation of time and space, our friends online may be from every corner of the world. Sometimes we just want to shun the real society due to stress, strained relations with colleagues or simply a bad mood. At this time, friends online are the best. We share both sadness and happiness with them. On the other hand, making friends online does pose a risk. (Topic sentence) After all, we don't know each other. But there are always methods to avoid the danger. The practical ones can be the narrowing of scale. For instance, let's say we really want to meet our online friends and see if we can turn this one a real friend. Then carrying a company is a good choice. You may call your friends to go with you. As far as I am concerned, the uncertain elements were substantial at the beginning of using the Internet. We cannot simply ascribe it to the online friends. What needs to be worried is personal consciousness. In conclusion, the friendships are of great significance in our life. Online friends are friends, too. We shouldn't shut the door of friendship because of these worries. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 不留遗憾 leave no regret 使我们免受 extricate us from …… 深陷泥潭 get stuck in the mire 避难所 sanctuary n. ⽐ 多（在数量上） outnumber vt. …… 驱逐 banish vt. 害怕 for fear of 构成⻛险 pose a risk 亮点句式Among all the things we do with the Internet, making friends is a very delightful one. 【译⽂】 在我们使⽤互联⽹做的所有事情当中，交朋友是⾮常愉 悦的事情。 【分析】 意为 在所有的事情当中，某事是怎样 Among..., ...is... “ 的 ，是写作中常⽤的句式。 ”Essay 093 我对⼥性化妆的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about females paying attention to their appearance, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the reasons why women are so obsessed with makeup and photo editor apps. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Everyone Longs for Beauty Various words like “Shall I compare thee to a summer's day” from William Shakespeare and the lyrics of “The most modest, retiring, virtuous, young lady, for our prince a good mate she” from The Book of Songs have showed us though beauty is different in different eyes, the appreciation towards it never fades. As we have always heard, “Your appearance tells a lot.” Thanks to the development of technology and biology, women got to use the wit of the makeup and photo editor applications to make them look better. Women are making effort to look better for professional or personal reasons. Also, it is generally considered that being as beautiful as we can is the respect to the people we meet.The bonus of using makeup is definitely a boost in confidence. According to a recent research, women with makeup can get a mark 10 to 20 percent higher than those who do not wear makeup because the boost in confidence affects their mental ability. Excerpt 2 The Excessive Attention on Appearance Although it is commonly accepted that nothing is wrong with pursuing beauty. Seeing red lips all day long still have turned many people into thinking that maybe women are exaggerating the importance of appearance. According to the YouGov, over 63% of men believed that women wear makeup to attract others and convince them that their beauty is real which is actually unreal on their naked face. What's surprising is 47% of women agree with the opinion. Also, another survey shows that about 74% of people would modify the pictures after they took them. Making the pictures more beautiful is a good thing. But the problem is behind the modifying there may be the fear of accepting the real look of ourselves. A more surprising truth is many women refuse to go out without makeup, not to mention to take part in any activities. We all know that the fine appearance does boost confidence. But if we consider the phenomenon more deeply, the hidden reason of the makeup may suggest the lack of confidence, too. 审题⽴意 本篇作⽂的主题是⼥性化妆。⽏庸置疑，⽆论王侯权贵还是贫⺠ 百姓，爱美之⼼，⼈皆有之，⽽在当代社会，⽆论在职场中或是婚恋 中，⼥性的美丽总能为她们加分。也有⼈提出⼥性化妆、注意形象是 对他⼈的⼀种尊重。但是另⼀⽅⾯，有⼈提出⼥性化妆事实上是受社 会舆论的影响，并且对很多⼥性⽽⾔，化妆与修图是对⾃⼰本来⾯貌 的不⾃信。同时，毕竟⼈的时间与精⼒都是有限的，对于外表的过于 重视有可能导致对内在修养的忽视。写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种 声⾳ ，⼥性化妆的必要性以及过度重 “ ” 视外貌所显⽰出的问题。 发表⾃⼰的观点。考⽣的观点应该既考虑⼥性的职业需要及个 ⼈审美需要；也要考虑究竟内在与外在的关系是什么，以及对于两个 部分的精⼒分配。 总结观点，化妆本⾝⽆可厚⾮。⼥性的魅⼒应该最⼤程度地得 以彰显，⽽且⼥性的美丽对于社会也是⼀道美丽的⻛景。只是对⾃⼰ 外在的追求不应该过度，应该内外兼修。正如俄罗斯作家莱蒙托夫曾 经说过： 有些⼈的外表乍⼀看并不使⼈感到愉快，但等你的眼睛从他 “ 们不端正的五官上窥⻅⼀颗饱经沧桑的崇⾼⼼灵时，你就会喜欢他们 了。 ” 精彩范⽂ Don't Deify the Outer Beauty As we know, human beings have never stopped the pursuit of beauty and women as the pioneers in the marching are always making greater efforts to take care of their appearance than men are. Nowadays, various makeup as well as photo editor applications have become the closest friends of almost all the young women. In view of the phenomenon, many people consider it as natural and necessary, while others hold the view that women are actually overemphasizing the importance of appearance. In my opinion, makeup and a polished appearance for a woman is something that should be supported as long as she can strike a balance between the inner and outer beauty. (Viewpoint) First, there is no excuse for being loutish in front of others. The decent appearance is the sign of showing respect. (Topic sentence) For women, neat and clean clothes show their good lifestyle while a greasy dress reveals their chaotic situation. So paying attention to appearance isdefinitely important. Being as beautiful as she can is a delightful thing for both herself and people she meets. Second, appearance and inner being are as close as lips and teeth. (Topic sentence) People who separate outer beauty from inner beauty will fail to discover the real elegance of a woman. As is publicly recognized, charm consists of not only trendy clothes but also an advanced mind. In addition, beauty itself is an abstract definition. We can be disappointed at any time if we judge ourselves only by appearance. In conclusion, the pursuit of beauty is a desire that everyone shares in life. However, our aesthetic perception shall not be influenced by stereotypes and prejudice about appearance. (Conclusion) That is to say, wearing makeup or using photo editor apps to modify our selfies is not because the lack of confidence or the fear of being exposed to social judgment, but for our personal pursuit of being better. 主题词汇 崇拜美丽 deify beauty 先驱；先锋 pioneer n. 邋遢的；粗野的 loutish adj. 油污的；油腻的 greasy adj. 唇⻮相依 as close as lips and teeth 亮点句式 However, our aesthetic perception shall not be influenced by stereotypes of physical appearance. 【译⽂】 然⽽，我们的审美不应被外表成⻅所影响。 【分析】 此处所⽤的 表⽰ 被 影响 ，⼜ be influenced by... “ …… ” 如： （⻢克 Marx was strongly influenced by German philosopher Hegel. 思深受德国哲学家⿊格尔的影响。）Essay 094 买房 租房 vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about buying a house or renting a house, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards buying a house, especially your opinion on renting a house and buying one. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Basic Assurance for Life Along with clothing, food, and traffic, shelter is one of the basic needs for a person. From a certain point, the house is the representation of a home. It doesn't matter what kind of house you are living in, it's about the feelings it brings to you. With the feelings of safety that are given by our own houses, we can devote into our work and life wholeheartedly. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the new home sales in the first four months in 2016 rose 61.4% year on year to 2.4 trillion yuan in China. The rising number of purchasers is showing the common focus on houses. The housing issues are greatly linked with the nuptial problems. The new couples shall face the hard situation of moving from time to timewhich is not good for a stable marriage, not to mention the life with kids later. Sooner or later, we'll need a house to guarantee a steady life. Thus, buying houses as early as we can lays a solid foundation for the future life. Excerpt 2 A Higher Life Quality Being a house owner is definitely something we are content with, but usually buying a house means running out of the savings and take the burden of mortgage which will probably accompany us for a lifetime. To live with mortgage means a frugal habit is necessary and the spending of every penny is planned. The housing price in many cities is sky-high nowadays. Compared with buying a house, renting an apartment is a better choice for young people because of the less financial pressure, more flexibility and a higher quality of life. According to a blue paper by Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, more than 55 percent of college grades born in the 1990s would rather not buy homes if that means having to “bear the heavy burden of housing loans.” What we see from the paper is the preference for a more comfortable life rather than the possession of a house. Besides that, the young people are the floating people in China. Many young people are on the move all the time. Therefore, it is not a good choice to buy a house before they decide the final city to settle down in. 审题⽴意 买房问题⼀直困扰着许多年轻⼈。⼀⽅⾯，⾐⾷住⾏是⽣活中不 可或缺的⼏⼤⽅⾯。房⼦作为我们的独⽴空间，能够带给我们安全感 和独⽴感。有房才能有家，⼼⾥⾯才能踏实。但是，随着房价上涨， 加之年轻⼈经济基础薄弱， 房奴 在社会上⽐⽐皆是。很多⼈因为买 “ ” 房承担了沉重的经济负担。相对⽽⾔，租房的⼈⽣活质量更⾼。考⽣ 结合⾃⼰的想法，表述⾃⼰对于租房和买房的看法。写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点 买房的必要性与负担。 —— 发表⾃⼰的观点。买房还是租房，取决于个⼈条件。但是个⼈ 更赞同买房。 总结观点。房⼦的问题⼀直困扰着很多年轻⼈。是要买房还是 租房，更多取决于个⼈意愿和经济状况。 精彩范⽂ What Is Bittersweet Is Worth Pursuing Nowadays, housing as the basic need in modern society is the problem for most young people. A house as an independent living space and the harbor for our souls is definitely significant in life. Yet different people make different decisions on buying or renting a house. A great number of people insist that we should buy a house, for we cannot lead a steady life without a steady residence. Others prefer renting a house. Instead of saving to pay the housing mortgage, they'd rather spend money on improving life quality. As for me, although I don't intend to lead a life with pressure, I agree to buy a house. (Viewpoint) For one thing, renting a house cannot save money in the long term. (Topic sentence) Granted, the money we spend on renting a house is much lower than the payment of a housing mortgage. But, our salary is hardly saved by renting a house. For young people who live in big cities, saving money for a house is a big motivation and also a good way to avoid binge. We are glad to buy a house because we are making efforts for something that belongs to us. For another, having a house of ourselves means we are settled. (Topic sentence) Renting a house is telling yourself that your life is partly decided by others. Any problem in your renting could result in a moving and thus sabotage your present peace. And finally, the unrelenting moving makes you so exhausted that you want to have a place of your own. At this moment, we may find the hanging of the famous sentence of Benjamin Franklin “A penny saved is a penny earned” on the wall is late.Buying a house is a wise decision which can be made once for all in life. (Conclusion) And in the process of fighting for a house, we learn to trim our budget and bombard our wasteful habits with stress. 主题词汇 港湾 harbor n. 苦中有乐的 bittersweet adj. 住处 residence n. 住房贷款 housing mortgage 破坏 sabotage vt. 不间断的 unrelenting adj. ⼀劳永逸 once for all 削减预算 trim our budget ⽤ 轰击 bombard with …… 亮点句式 At this moment, we may find the hanging of the famous sentence of Benjamin Franklin “A penny saved is a penny earned” on the wall is late. 【译⽂】 此时，我们可能发现把本杰明 富兰克林的名⾔ 省⼀分 • “ 等于挣⼀分 挂在墙上已经晚了。 ” 【分析】 本句引⽤了富兰克林的名⾔，令⽂章增添⽂采；句⼦主 ⼲为 这 we may find the hanging of the famous sentence on the wall is late. 句话的意思是等到租房之后，我们发现没有为买房攒钱的时候再去⾏ 动就来不及了。Essay 095 仪式感之我⻅ ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the sense of ceremony, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the sense of ceremony, especially your opinion on if it is necessary in our life. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 Live with Passion One of the distinctions between human society and animal groups lies in ritual affairs. Compared with the species that swallow their food, humans prepare and think before they eat. The sense of ceremony optimizes all the choices in human world. The sense of ceremony is to make something different than others and sometimes make some days different than others. With enthusiasm in cherishing trivial things, it empowers us to challenge the mediocre life. At the same time, learning how to treat the special things with passion is an integral part in learning to be grateful. The value of the sense of ceremony is more frequently mentioned than the past decades due to the improvement of life quality and the economicprogress. Behind the pursuit on the sense of ceremony, there's the spiritual demand which bypasses the basic living needs. Yet the reasons are not limited to the positive aspect. It also suggests the rising idea of battling against the quick life pace. Modern society is so quick that people barely have time to process time. With time passed, some people realized that tiredness is all they have. Excerpt 2 Enjoy Life for Real To have the consciousness of refusing a mundane life is the intellectual needs of all human beings. There's no doubt that capturing the beautiful moments in life is the foundation of owing beautiful memories. However, the impulse of formalizing everything in life costs the happiness of living. The most common phenomena in making life dramatic are the pictures. Under the name of giving life more sense of ceremony, people take pictures wherever they are, whenever they want and despite whomever they are with. It seems that the essence of a beautiful life only lies in these wonderful pictures. At the same time, many people begin to express their love easily. Affected by the sense of ceremony in society, gift shops and jewelry stores are in excellent running condition. Many people assume the valuable gifts present the valuable love. Yet such things only brings love to the shallow and simple level. In other words, it devalued love. Under the circumstances, the sense of ceremony makes life an abyss for material desires. It turns such social activities into elegant frames with no paintings in them. 审题⽴意 仪式感 是我们在⽣活中常常提起的话题。 仪式感 代表着为⽣ “ ” “ ” 活注⼊更多的热情。我们唯有珍惜发⽣过的点滴之事，才能学会享受 ⽣活。但是，社会中不乏为了追求 仪式感 ⽽充满形式感的⼈。这样 “ ” 的⾏为将⽣活完全降格为⼀种⽆谓的炫耀与攀⽐。本来， 仪式感 是 “ ” 为了对抗 快节奏 的⽣活，沉淀浮躁的⼼态。但是很多⼈不仅没有达 “ ”成这样的⽬标，反⽽从浮躁变为浮夸，并未真正享受⽣活的乐趣。针 对这⼀现象，考⽣有何看法呢？结合材料，发表⾃⼰的观点。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯， 仪式感 在我们的⽣ “ ” 活中必不可少，对⽣活怀有热情与感恩使得我们成为更好的⼈。另⼀ ⽅⾯，很多⼈在追求 仪式感 的过程中反⽽丢失了真正享受⽣活的乐 “ ” 趣。 发表⾃⼰的观点。 仪式感 在我们的⽣活中是必要的，但是真 “ ” 正的 仪式感 来源于我们的⼼中⽽⾮流于表⾯形式。 “ ” 总结观点。 仪式感 贯穿于我们的⽣活中，这是⼀种积极向上 “ ” 的⼈⽣态度。⽆须刻意强调，⼈⽣却也能因此⽽⼤有不同。 精彩范⽂ Enliven Our Life Recently, the sense of ceremony has become a hot issue in our society. Many people highly emphasize the importance of a sense of ceremony considering the brevity of our life, while others think the sense of ceremony makes life superficial and brings burden to enjoyment. In view of the different opinions, I guess the sense of ceremony is a good thing after all. What we should bear in mind is such senses are stored more in our heart rather than in the forms. (Viewpoint) First of all, we need to figure out why modern people need a sense of ceremony. (Topic sentence) With the rapid development of society, we tend to be as quick as we can. Under such circumstances, modern people are losing their patience with their emotional needs. The sense of ceremony calms us down and reminds us that life is not all about the hustle and bustle. Life is a journey with beautiful sceneries and memorable moments. On the other hand, we must master the right way to be a person with the sense of ceremony. (Topic sentence) The key factor here is todistinguish formalism and the sense of ceremony. True enjoyment is never about tons of pictures or about foisting the different things on you. It's the look on your face when you are obsessed with the dance of a butterfly or the light in your eyes when you see the first beam of sunrise that enlivens our life. The sense of ceremony flows with the up and down of life. In the end, we would understand it is actually the grateful attitude. (Conclusion) We don't take anything in life as granted. And when we conjure up memories of the past, we see that not once have we yielded to the mediocrity of life. 主题词汇 使活跃 enliven vt. ⽣命的短暂 the brevity of life 肤浅的 superficial adj. 强迫某⼈接受某事 foist sth. on sb. 第⼀束光 the first beam of 回忆过去 conjure up memories of the past 屈服 yield to 亮点句式 It's the look on your face when you are obsessed with the dance of a butterfly or the light in your eyes when you see the first beam of sunrise that enlivens our life. 【译⽂】 使⽣活充满活⼒的是我们痴醉于蝴蝶翩翩起舞时脸上的 表情或者是我们看到⽇出的第⼀束光时眼中的光。 【分析】 这样的句式表⽰强调，可以⽤在各种话题的 It's... that... 写作中。如： （从 It's health but not money that supports us in a long run.⻓远来看，⽀持我们的是健康，⽽不是⾦钱。）Essay 096 外出旅游 宅在家⾥ vs. ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the different ways to spend spare time, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards these two activities, especially which one you prefers. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 The Exciting Outdoor Entertainment Ever since Thomas Cook arranged to take a group of people to attend the meeting of the Temperance Society, tourism industry has never stopped to receive the excessive attention from our society. Nowadays, the public demand of high quality entertainment activities is rising with the development of economy and the increasing of people's incomes in China. Therefore, Chinese tourism is welcoming its booming era. According to the data from China National Tourism Administration, the tourist number has reached the zenith on the second day of China's Spring Festival holiday of this year, with the domestic tourists standing at 65.2 million, up 14.7 percent compared with last year. A temporary leavingfrom our present life is the shift of mood. Going out for a few days is the best relaxation for people who have devoted to tense work for some time. The fun of sightseeing lies in the new cultural experiences and the appreciation of the exotic landscape or the beauty of nature. By visiting the historical spots or the natural sceneries, we get to expand our knowledge. And with the convenient mobile phone applications, the best local restaurants and traffic lines can be easily searched which has greatly simplified our tourism plan. Excerpt 2 The Cozy Indoor Enjoyment While visiting the tourist sites is a great way for us to relax ourselves, a great number of people decide to stay at home during holidays. Instead of taking a busy trip with crowds around you here and there on holiday, they'd rather kill time at home in a comfortable way. 宅⽂化 The famous otaku culture ( ) may exemplify the behavior of the indoor people for us. They would like to stay in a private space and focus on their interest without interruptions. The various indoor activities reflect their insistence on personal habits and hobbies. Those indoorsmen and indoorswomen who are busy with their office work enjoy their spare time by playing computer games, reading some books, watching sports games on TV, or simply making themselves cups of tea to drink at home. The highly developed technology has provided the possibility of fun for the indoor cats. With the Internet, we can have an all-round view of the place we want to visit by documentaries which saves us from standing in an endless line to get tickets. And with virtual reality, we can even see the butterfly flitting in the forest. The tourism activities can be completed without the long trudging section and the scams which are likely to occur in our travelling can be avoided. 审题⽴意本作⽂的话题涉及如何度过休闲时间。假期中，很多⼈会选择出 ⾏旅游，去游览⼀些平时没有机会参观游玩的地⽅。⾛访名⼭⼤川、 参观名胜古迹已经成为很多⼈的休闲⽅式。但是宅男宅⼥在这个时代 也并不罕⻅。⽆论假期⻓短，待在家⾥都是他们的第⼀选择。因为家 是⼀个相对隐秘的空间，可以让平时忙碌的上班族们放松绷紧的神 经，做⼀些室内休闲活动。对于美好假期的概念，每个⼈都是不同 的。考⽣可以结合⾃⼰的⽣活经历，谈谈⾃⼰喜欢的休闲⽅式。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种不同的休闲⽅式：⼀⽅⾯是精彩的外出 旅⾏；⼀⽅⾯是舒适的宅家⽣活。 发表⾃⼰的观点。此话题的灵活性较强，考⽣可结合⾃⼰的感 受任意选择。 总结观点。⽣活不应该总是忙忙碌碌的样⼦，劳逸结合才是最 好的状态。在假期休息的时候，我们可以拿出⾃⼰最放松的姿态，享 受⽣活。 精彩范⽂ Add Zest to Life The rapid pace of modern life has made the leisure time especially valuable in our life. According to personal preference, people spend their holidays in different ways. Basically, there are the diehard fans of indoor activities and the ardent outdoor travelers. People who would like to go travelling on holiday are expecting a lift in spirit and a change in environment. And for the people who prefer staying at home in their spare time, they are fond of private spaces and indoor hobbies. As for me, I am definitely a member of the indoor army. (Viewpoint) First of all, travelling is indeed a salutary and educational activity. But a trip can be quite exhausting. (Topic sentence) Since almost thewhole nation share the same holidays, it is hard to find a place for us to pacify our hearts. On the contrary, we are probably jolted by the huge crowd of people in the spots. And the beautiful sceneries we are expecting to see may be replaced by numerous heads. To spend time in our most relaxed mood at home is to be exempt from the strains and the tensions that a busy travel would bring. (Topic sentence) Though staying at home can be regarded as a nerd from time to time, there are cool nerds who make use of the spare time to replenish themselves. The hustle and bustle of the scenic spots cannot bring us the best holidays nor will such kind of relaxation let us truly be away from the usually boisterous life. Instead, baking bread in the shape of SpongeBob and catching up on several episodes of TV dramas at home are full of happiness and pleasurable excitement. We all need to find something that gives us luscious enjoyment so that we can escape from the stress in life. Surely different people have different plans for their leisure time. The point is we are happy to spend time on it. The great delight I can take in staying at home is definitely my top choice during holidays. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 有益健康的 salutary adj. 被 震惊 be jolted by …… 被免除于 be exempt from 呆⼦，⽆聊的⼈ nerd n. 喧闹氛围 the hustle and bustle 喧闹的 boisterous adj. 剧集；插曲 episode n. 愉快的 pleasurable adj. 美好的，甜美的 luscious adj.亮点句式 The hustle and bustle of the scenic spots cannot bring us the best holidays nor will such kind of relaxation let us truly be away from the usually boisterous life. 【译⽂】 旅游景点的喧嚣⽆法带给我们完美的假期，这样的放松 ⽅式也不能使我们真正远离平时嘈杂的⽣活。 【分析】 句⼦中的 指 喧嚣氛围 ，在本篇作⽂ the hustle and bustle “ ” 中指的是旅游景点⼈潮涌动的状态，这⼀短语还可以指代其他，如都 市⽣活的喧闹、意⻅的不⼀致等； nor will such kind of relaxation let 是否定副词 （也不）放在句⾸引起的部分倒装，即谓语动词中 us... nor 的助动词、 动词或情态动词需要提⾄主语前⾯。 beEssay 097 关于整容 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about plastic surgery, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards facial aesthetic surgery, especially on its pros and cons for college students. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 A Chance to Change As cosmetic surgery is getting more and more popular in our society, an increasing number of college students are resorting to it to improve their looks, too. Due to inborn factors, nearly everyone has some deficiencies on his or her face. However, thanks to the self-consciousness, no one wants to be plain. According to Xinhua News Agency, the total turnover in Chinese plastic surgery market is expected to be 800 million yuan next year. Though these young adults know exactly that their face will be cut and sewed if they have the surgery, the huge popularity of plastic surgery continues to increase. Despite the approval of virtues, the young girls still believe in the power of a pretty face.⾸ Maybe the wirepuller behind plastic surgery is the primacy effect ( 因效应 ). As a term of psychology and sociology, primacy effect refers to that we focus on the primary impression of someone more than the later interactions. Inspired by the theory, it's safe for us to say that our look can influence our life a lot. And nowadays plastic surgery provides us with the chance to get a better look which helps us to be both appreciated by others and by ourselves. Excerpt 2 A Risk to Take Nowadays, high school graduates and college students have begun to become clients of the booming plastic surgery industry. Although there's nothing wrong with wanting an attractive face, some of them are pursuing better looks so eagerly that they refuse to take the other side of plastic surgery into consideration. As we always hear, high rewards mean high risks. The golden words in financial area can also be applied to plastic surgery. Pains and risks are the accessories of the beauty that we get from plastic surgery. The scars and deformations are not rare after the surgery. Since many young people are hoping to carve their face according to the look of others, there's no guarantee that the result would meet the expectations. Besides, it is thought-provoking to see the rise of plastic surgery industry. Or in other words, the intentions behind the surgery are complex. However, one thing that can be sure here is that many college students are convinced by the idea that pretty face is making one more popular in school and job hunting. And many students believe that with a good look they can have more chances in the fierce competition. Be this thought right or wrong, plastic surgery is closely associated with college students' physiological and psychological issues. 审题⽴意随着医学技术的不断发展，整容技术也越来越吸引⼈们的眼球。 通过外科⼿术来改善⾃⼰的容貌已经成为⼀股社会潮流。然⽽，在整 容机构众多的客户中，我们也⻅到了很多⼤学⽣的⾝影。爱美之⼼， ⼈皆有之。每个⼈都期待着⼀副完美的⾯孔，因此整容⾏业顺势⽽ ⽣，为⼈们提供了改变容貌的机会。但是，整容的⻛险并不容⼩觑。 整容⼿术后的伤痕和变形屡⻅不鲜。⽽且整容⼿术价格不菲，很多⼈ 执着于整容⼿术，最后财貌两空。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯，整容是⼀次后天改造 容貌的机会；另⼀⽅⾯，整容的背后潜藏着很多⽣理、⼼理的问题。 发表⾃⼰的观点。相对于整容⽽⾔，⼤学⽣应该通过其他⽅式 提升⾃我。整容有⻛险，动⼑需谨慎。 总结观点。世界上本⽆固定的审美标准。若⼤学⽣将注意⼒⼀ 直放在挑剔⾃⼰的⾯貌上，就失去了⻘春之中应该有的⾃信与张扬， 得不偿失。 精彩范⽂ An Adverse Pygmalion Effect With the popularity of plastic surgery, more and more college students are turning to it to have a better look. While some people view plastic surgery as one of the positive actions that help to perfect themselves, the seemingly exciting Pygmalion effect has been doubted by a lot of people. Considering that plastic surgery is quite risky and it could be stimulated by a trace of vanity, many people think the plastic surgery is not suitable for college students. From my point of view, though plastic surgery can help us modify our look, it is not necessary for the bulk of college students. (Viewpoint)From the point of individuals, having plastic surgery means the students are going to bear both the physiological and psychological pressure. (Topic sentence) Even if we are no experts in surgery, we know that any operations on our body may leave scars and abrasions. Not to mention the fact that there is a relatively substantial stake within the whole process. On the other hand, having plastic surgery can be a manifestation of lacking self-confidence. Sometimes the emotion of bemoaning life may be translated as the subliminal dissatisfaction of one's look which is crippling the chances of being happy. And having plastic surgery is not the right way to build our self-confidence, for it tries to verify that our dissatisfactions are right. From the perspective of society, a reflection is needed to see if there is a connection between college students having plastic surgery with the social opinions on appearance. (Topic sentence) It's natural that everyone has an affinity for good looks. But it's not the excuse for us to be wont to judge people by their looks. The college students are actually receiving the implication from society that a better look is a great advantage for future development. Confidence and vitality are the logos for young adults. I suppose that among the various ways to increase our charisma, plastic surgery is the most unnecessary one. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 ⽪格⻢利翁效应 Pygmalion effect 损耗 abrasion n. 下意识的 subliminal adj. 削弱 cripple vt. 证实 verify vt. 喜欢 have an affinity for …… 习惯于做 be wont to …… 暗⽰ implication n.亮点句式 Sometimes the emotion of bemoaning life may be translated as the subliminal dissatisfaction of one's look which is crippling the chances of being happy. 【译⽂】 有时候，对待⽣活的哀叹情绪会被转化为对⾃⼰⻓相的 下意识嫌弃，⽽这样的想法常使我们不得开⼼颜。 【分析】 该句旨在表明，通过整容能够改变⽣活的想法事实上是 在逃避⽣活与学习中真正的⽭盾。Essay 098 关于减肥 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about losing weight, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards losing weight, especially on the reasons for it. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 A Lifelong Career of Health For a long time, women in China have considered being thin and soft as a sign of beauty. Although modern women have totally changed their mind and try to follow feminism, they are not willing to be so wayward to display their right to be a “larger” one. And the truth is that their effort to obtain a regular body weight is supported and worthwhile. Being puffy may be cute to look at, but it's not adorable for our health. The obesity rate is astonishing in recent years, and we should be aware that it is accompanied with a rising number of medical conditions, such as diabetes, hypertension, hepatic steatosis, heart attack and so on. Health problems have been one of the most concerning problems in our society.Because of physiological reasons, it is easier for women to gain weight at their middle age. Obesity jeopardizes our life in a model of Dominoes. Just as the BBC documentary Obesity: The Postmortem has exemplified various obesity problems for us, “Obesity is a killer—not by itself, but in the many ways that it triggers and accelerates disease.” Excerpt 2 A Blind Worship of a Skinny Appearance While maintaining a good figure and having a vigorous body is what we should pursue in life, many people, especially young girls have different opinions on losing weight. Somehow being thin is popular in the fashion world and many young girls try to look sexier by being a bony one. “As the consciousness of losing weight has been awakened from the bottom of our hearts, we are gradually addicted to it. Every day I tell myself that I can eat less and lose more weight and I deserve to be a shining one.” says a college girl. The determined thought towards losing weight may make us wonder why being shining is something that mustn't lack the support of being thin. We know obesity brings various diseases, yet overly losing weight is nothing better. For so many times we have seen the young girls faint because of lack of eating. And other symptoms like anemia, depression, anorexia, and hypomnesis. These diseases are definitely the Sword of Damocles in the process of losing weight. 审题⽴意 本作⽂话题为减肥。作为很多⼥孩⼝中终⾝奋⽃的⽬标，减肥在 社会上的热度可谓经久不衰。出于健康的考虑，很多⼈通过运动等⽅ 式进⾏减肥，从⽽塑造好⾝材，每天神清⽓爽，⾃信满满。不过，现 实⽣活中也有令我们瞠⽬结⾆的减肥过程。很多⼥孩为追求 ⾻感 “ 美 ，不惜重⾦购买减肥产品，甚⾄⼏乎不吃⾷物，其减肥效果虽然明 ”显，但是对⾝体却造成了不可弥补的伤害。同时，很多⼥孩并不肥 胖，减肥的最主要动⼒恐怕是⼀种⾃我轻视。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点，即减肥的利弊。 发表⾃⼰的观点。减肥本⾝并⽆对错，在于个⼈追求，但是减 肥的⽅法和分⼨关系到我们的健康，⽽我们的健康才是第⼀位的。 总结观点。即便需要减肥，我们也应该采⽤健康的⽅式减肥。 同时，外表不能成为我们衡量⾃⼰的唯⼀标准，就像我们不应该以貌 取⼈⼀样。 精彩范⽂ Keeping Healthy Is a Worthy Cause Losing weight has become a trend in our society nowadays. The intention of keeping a good figure as well as health by losing weight is greatly supported, for it represents a positive attitude towards life. But on the other hand, there is criticism about losing weight, for some young girls are so obsessed with it that their health is threatened. In my opinion, we should lose weight if necessary, but definitely in a healthy way. (Viewpoint) First of all, there's no doubt that a good figure shows the good habits of a person. (Topic sentence) Although being thin or fat is not the sole criterion of health, we must maintain our weight at a healthy body mass index. While there are inborn good figures, most good figures are built by regular sports and healthy diets. A woman in good shape must be someone who's temperate in her eating and drinking. Also, a good look gives confidence to us, for it makes us more charming. However, overly losing weight is the sign of lacking confidence. (Topic sentence) Thinking that we can be better if we lose more weight is actually exaggerating the importance of our appearance. Also, some girls are losing weight in an extreme way that even sacrifices their health. Theysometimes refuse to eat anything during their “diet” and some choose to rely on the power of tablets which is actually dancing with death. There's nothing wrong with pursuing beauty. The point is in what way we try to lose weight to be attractive. (Conclusion) We are empowered to be the master of our life and have a grip on what we are doing. We are not losing weight for others. We are doing it out of free will and we are proud of ourselves despite our appearance, just like we respect others no matter how they look like. 主题词汇 有价值的事业 worthy cause 单独的 sole adj. 体质指数 body mass index (BMI) 健康饮⾷ healthy diets 有节制的 temperate adj. 被赋予；天⽣具有 be empowered with 掌握 have a grip on 拿⽣命开玩笑 dance with death 亮点句式 We are doing it out of free will and we are proud of ourselves despite our appearance, just like we respect others no matter how they look like. 【译⽂】 我们这样做（减肥）是出于⾃由意志的，不论外表如 何，我们都为⾃⼰骄傲，就像是我们对待别⼈时不会以貌取⼈。 【分析】 该句旨在表达我们减肥的出发点是个⼈想法或是健康需 求，⽽⾮外界舆论。后⼀句的 just like we respect others no matter how中的 可译为 不以 they look like respect others no matter how they look like “ 貌取⼈ 。 ”Essay 099 我对⼤学⽣做直播的看法 ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about college students being a live-streaming host, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards these college hosts, especially your opinion on whether it's appropriate for a college student to be a live- streaming host. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 A Complex Stage （直播） Nowadays, live-streaming is popular among young people. Consisting of people from different careers and regions, a live-streaming platform is quite an immense space. And among the numerous hosts in live- streaming, college students have become a new power. Yet the online environment is kind of worrisome. The contents of broadcasts are various. The ultimate goal of hosting an online broadcast is to attract an audience. Therefore, many indecent and inelegant performances appear in the broadcast which may include pornography, rumors, violence and fraud that are all counter to social values and exert a bad influence on young people. Although a compulsory requestis given to let presenters of live-streaming register with their real names, the supervision of the online shows still needs to be strengthened. The impact that live-streaming has on college students is invisible. Although college students are categorized as adults physiologically, they are still at a relatively immature period since they are in the pure school environment. Therefore, the negative influences of college students being a live-streaming host is worrying. Excerpt 2 New Way out Among the various live-streaming platforms, the college channel is a very attractive one. Many college students choose to get an online educational job. These college students have become the fresh air in the live-streaming world with their talent and vitality. College students host the online broadcast on a part-time basis. The job of live-streaming host has no harsh requirement on time and location, and all you need is just a smart phone or other devices that can access the Internet when you want to do live-streaming. For college students, such a convenient part-time job saves their time and poses no threat to their personal security. Also, hosting an online broadcast is a good way to exercise the communicative competence of young adults. They manage the whole process and present the content all by themselves. For the students who perform teaching activities online, they get to accumulate the experience and complete their college studies. Therefore, being the live-streaming host is a good way for college students to do some part-time work. And their abilities are also developed in the process. 审题⽴意 如今，直播成为⽹络的新宠⼉，⽹络直播名⼈⽐⽐皆是。观众多 数为年轻⼈的直播是⼗分便捷的社交活动。只需要通过⼿机和⽹络， 直播者就能随时随地分享⾃⼰的所⻅所闻。有很多学⽣借直播平台进⾏教育类活动，在直播过程中与观看的⼈互动并借此赚得外快。但是 直播的内容也有很多涉及少⼉不宜的内容，污⾔秽语出现频繁，甚⾄ 有暴⼒⻩⾊因素。针对⽬前很多⼤学⽣选择做直播的现状，很多家⻓ 和⽼师表⽰担忧，认为学⽣会受到不良⽹络氛围的影响。考⽣可根据 ⾃⼰对于互联⽹秩序的⻅解，发表对⼤学⽣做直播的看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两种观点。⼤学⽣做直播主持⼈收⼊不菲， 时间灵活；但是直播的平台秩序仍需整治，否则，容易给⼤学⽣造成 不良影响。 发表⾃⼰的观点。⼤学⽣做直播主持⼈本⾝并不是什么坏事， 他们凭借⾃⼰出⾊的沟通能⼒和表现⼒做直播赚外快是很阳光的事 情。只是在纷乱的⽹络世界中，⼤学⽣要保护好⾃⼰，远离不良群 体。同时⽹络直播的秩序也需要不断加强。 总结观点。新事物产⽣伊始，总会出现各种各样的问题。通过 社会成员的不断努⼒，直播平台会越来越完善。⼤学⽣是⾛在时代最 前沿的年轻⼈，也正因为如此，⼤学⽣要不断提⾼⾃⾝的判断⼒和修 养，不被低级趣味所染。 精彩范⽂ Do Healthy Live Streaming When college students are jubilant about the pleasant experience of being a live-streaming host, people are worried that they may be tainted for being devoid of discretion. Saying that college students should turn the zeitgeist into their advantage, young people begin to follow the new trend and become live-streaming hosts on platforms. But their fashion pursuit didn't earn much support, for others consider that the live-streaming platforms contain many social ulcers and may impact these students. In my opinion, it is not an evil deed for college students to become live-streaming hosts. Rather, it'll become common with the refinement of the live-streaming environment. (Viewpoint) On the one hand, it's good for college students to host the shows with positive energy. (Topic sentence) For college students, to be a host of a live-streaming broadcast is a practical exercise. They practice how to express their thoughts in a way others can appreciate and many of them can even put what they have learned in college into practice and hone their special skills. For the public, the shows of the college students are educational. We get to learn things from these young people. With the expansion of college students' hosts group, a brighter and pure live- streaming influence will be formed. On the other hand, more efforts should be made to better supervise and regulate live-streaming platforms. (Topic sentence) The general criticisms towards live-streaming are not peripheral. The shallow shows should be discarded. For all the live-streaming hosts, it is their responsibility to give positive and passionate performances to the audience. The online environment is always a mesh of temptation and sometimes negative influence, be it big or small. The public should work together to construct a clean network and college students should have their own judging system and learn to protect themselves. (Conclusion) 主题词汇 为 欣喜 be jubilant about …… 污染 taint vt. 时代精神 zeitgeist n. 缺乏 be devoid of 判断⼒ discretion n. 溃疡 ulcer n. 改良 refinement n. 外围的；肤浅的 peripheral adj.亮点句式 When college students are jubilant about the pleasant experience of being a live-streaming host, people are worried that they may be tainted for being devoid of discretion. 【译⽂】 当⼤学⽣美滋滋地做着直播主持⼈的时候，⼈们担⼼他 们可能会因为缺乏判断⼒⽽被污染。 【分析】 ⽹络环境本来就复杂多样，不仅是做直播的主持⼈，进 ⾏很多⽹络活动的时候⼤学⽣都应该具有⾃我保护意识。因此，该句 可以⽤在其他⽹络相关的话题中。Essay 100 朋友圈 之我⻅ “ ” ⾳频 Read carefully the following two excerpts about the friends' circle in WeChat application, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should: 1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion towards the friends' circle, especially your opinion on how it influences our life. You can support yourself with information from the excerpts. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Excerpt 1 A Circle with Friends and Sharing As one of the main functions of WeChat, “Moments” has earned great popularity in the past few years. Literally, it means “friends' circle” in Chinese. It provides an online social circle in which the users get to share and watch the latest news of their WeChat friends. Thanks to the “friends' circle” function of WeChat, the users can enjoy the free sharing that breaks through the limitation of time and space. Besides creating a communicating platform, the “friends' circle” has also provided a paradise for sharing information. Various content and knowledge that are posted in the form of text, pictures or videos are seen in the “friends' circle”. As many hands make light work, the friends' circle isplaying the role of a massive information spreading resource. The needs for spreading messages to more people are easily satisfied in the friends' circle. Personal views are also broadened with the “friends' circle” function. Checking the “friends' circle” is like going over the recording of a different life. Also, the “friends' circle” brings a sense of belonging to the users. Since the circle consists of the people we know, it is truly a circle of friends. Excerpt 2 A Friends' Circle that Reduces Real Social Activities Although the “friends' circle” has provided convenience for the users in many aspects, the once hot function is now facing the trend of cooling off. Fed up with displays of affection on social messaging apps, many users have had the thought of turning it off. Being satiated with the endless posts of personal life and the concomitant selfies, the pictures of food and travelling, etc, a lot of users have sensed the untruthfulness behind the beautiful post in the “friends' circle”. What's more, numerous advertisements that aim at selling products and various links that seek the help of voting have really torn the users out. The circle of friendship is not pure anymore. What's more, the Internet security has become another concern for the users. Requiring the exposure of personal details, many links have led to the leakage of personal information. With the constant rise in popularity of WeChat, checking the “friends' circle” has become the routine for many users. Yet seeing the post of friends all day long, the intimacy between friends has not been promoted, but possibly receiving the opposite effect. Therefore, the thought of taking the “friends' circle” as the circle of friends has been doubted these days. 审题⽴意 随着微信的使⽤越来越普及， 朋友圈 功能也⽇益成为我们⽣活 “ ” 中的必需品。作为⼀个极好的交流情感、发布信息、传播知识和互通 有⽆的交际平台， 朋友圈 提供了我们⽇常交际所需要的各类因素。 “ ”然⽽，如今的 朋友圈 却因为微商、⼴告、拉票、以及涉嫌欺诈等不 “ ” 良⾏为⽽颇受诟病。同时，其中信息的质量良莠不⻬，各种链接等也 是⻥⻰混杂。虽然⾯对这种现象，我们⽆须因噎废⾷，但是⽤户们也 应该意识到 朋友圈 是⼀个私⼈空间，也更是公众的平台，若不⾃觉 “ ” 维护其纯洁性， 朋友圈 的作⽤将被⼤⼤减弱。考⽣可根据个⼈感 “ ” 悟，发表看法。 写作框架 总结材料中给出的两⽅⾯观点。⼀⽅⾯， 朋友圈 有着各种积 “ ” 极作⽤；另⼀⽅⾯，⽬前的 朋友圈 ⾯临很多问题。 “ ” 发表⾃⼰的观点。 朋友圈 功能本⾝对我们的⽣活有着积极作 “ ” ⽤，⽤户应该⾃觉维护其纯洁性，将其真正打造成良好的交际平台并 从中获益。 总结观点。⽹络时代的到来似乎将⼀切相关的话题都变成了双 刃剑， 朋友圈 功能也正是其中的体现之⼀。其实道理并不难，功能 “ ” 本⾝并⽆好坏之分，问题的关键在于其使⽤者。 精彩范⽂ Create a Friendly Friends' Circle As WeChat has earned great popularity in society, “friends' circle”, an inner function of WeChat, has also won huge support. Yet recently, the fever towards it has been decreased. While the users are appreciating the convenience that “friends' circle” has brought to their life, like recording life and witnessing the life status of friends, they are afflicted with such annoying things as the incessant advertisements and selfies in the “friends' circle”. When asked about the opinion on “friends' circle”, I believe only by consciously maintaining the purity of the “friends' circle” can we make it a veritable friend circle which is wreathed in warmth. (Viewpoint)On the one hand, the “friends' circle” brings us frequent interactions with friends and fresh knowledge. (Topic sentence) Trying to participate in every life moment of our close people is neither possible nor appropriate. Therefore, the “friends' circle” has become a pleasant platform in which we can share and see posts of each other. Also, the popularization of knowledge is available in WeChat, by which we get to enrich our knowledge system. However, we should realize that the “friends' circle” is not only a tool for personal social life; it is also a public site. (Topic sentence) The function of “friends' circle” is like a paintbrush in our hands. We can either choose to post whatever we want and cause vandalism; or we can make good use of it and finally create a beautiful picture for both our friends and ourselves. Last but not least, the “friends' circle” is not the whole content of our social life. It is a supplementary method at best. (Topic sentence) That is to say, friendship cannot be maintained by giving the comments and likes in the “friends' circle”. To know our friends well, we still need to meet and talk to each other. The “friends' circle” itself is beneficial for our social life; however, its influence hinges on the effort of the users. (Conclusion) In fact, in a world full of information via the Internet, individual behavior is facing a more fastidious environment. A nimble finger and a nimble mind are needed at the same time. 主题词汇 受 折磨 be afflicted with …… 不停的 incessant adj. 名副其实的 veritable adj. ⽤ 环绕 wreathe in …… 补充的 supplementary adj. 取决于 hinge on挑剔的 fastidious adj. 敏捷的 nimble adj. 亮点句式 When asked about the opinion on “friends' circle”, I believe only by consciously maintaining the purity of the “friends' circle” can we make it a veritable friend circle which is wreathed in warmth. 【译⽂】 当被问及对 朋友圈 的看法时，我认为只有通过有意识 “ ” 地维护其纯洁性，我们才能真正使其成为⼀个名副其实的朋友圈，充 满温暖。 【分析】 为固定句 When asked about the opinion on..., I believe... 式，意为 当被问及对 的想法时，我认为 。 该句式经常⽤在 “ …… ……” 作⽂开头处，⽤来引出观点。This file was downloaded from Z-Library project Your gateway to knowledge and culture. Accessible for everyone. z-library.se singlelogin.re go-to-zlibrary.se single-login.ru Official Telegram channel Z-Access https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-Library