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初中英语中考一轮复习 八上—Units 8— 10
——教材知识点
一、单词盘点
shake(n./v.)摇动;抖动; peel(v.)剥皮;去皮;
pour(v.)倒出;倾倒;高频考点 spoon(n.)勺;[来源:学科网ZXXK]
add(v.)增加;添加;高频考点 finally(adv.)最后;最终;
salt(n.)食盐; machine(n.)机器;机械装置;
dig(v.)掘(地);凿(洞);挖(土); piece(n.)片;块;段;
traditional(adj.)传统的;惯例的; celebrate(v.)庆祝;庆贺;
fill(v.)(使)充满;装满; mix(v.)(使)混合;整合;
cover(v.)遮盖;覆盖;(n.)覆盖物;盖子; serve(v.)接待;服务;提供;[来源:学+科+网]
prepare(v.)使做好准备;把…..准备好; available(adj.)有空的;可获得的;
until(conj./prep.)到……时;直到……为止; catch(v.)及时赶上;接住;
invite(v.)邀请;高频考点 accept(v.)接受;
refuse(v.)拒绝; reply(v.)回答;答复;高频考点
forward(v.)转寄;发送;(adv.)向前;前进;
sad(adj.)(令人)悲哀的;(令人)难过的; glad(adj.)高兴;愿意;
without(prep.)没有;不(做某事); concert(n.)音乐会;演奏会;
event(n.)大事;公开活动;比赛项目; meeting(n.)会议;集会;会面;
upset(adj.)难过;失望;沮丧; advice(n.)劝告;建议;
unless(conj.)除非;如果不; angry(adj.)发怒的;生气的;
careless(adj.)粗心的;不小心的; mistake(n.)错误;失误;
advise(v.)劝告;建议; solve(v.)解决;解答;
trust(v.)相信;信任; else(adj.)别的;其他的;
二、重点短语
milk shake 奶昔; turn on 接通(电流、煤气;水等);打开;
prepare for 为……做准备; another times 其他时间;别的时间;
hang out 闲逛;常去某处; the day before yesterday 前天
the day after tomorrow 后天; look after 照料;照顾;
turn down 拒绝; take a trip 去旅行;
look forward to盼望;期待; hear from 接到(某人的)信、电话等;
potato chips 炸土豆条;炸薯条; keep…to oneself 保守秘密;
in half 分成两半
三、情景交际
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【发出、接受和拒绝邀请】
--Can you come to my party in Saturday?
--Sure, I’d love to./ Sorry, I must study for a math test.
--Can he go to the party?
--No, he can’t. He has to help his parents.
--Can they go to the movies?
--No, they’re not free. They might have to meet their friends.
四、语法详单
【名词】
(一) 可数名词 · 定义 可数名词是指能以数目来计算,可以分成个体的人或东西。可数名词在应用时有
单数和复数的区别,可在前面加one 或使用不定冠词a/an 表单数;要表达两个或两个以上,用复数形式,其形
式变化分为规则变 化和不规则变化两种。
· 规则变化
1. 在单数名词词尾加s,如:map → maps boy→ boys horse→horses 注意:以ch 结尾发音为k 的名词复数也
加s,如stomach→stomachs
2. s,x ,sh,ch 结尾的词加es,如:class→classes box→boxes dish→dishes bench→benches 3. 以辅音字母加y 结
尾的名词,变y 为i,再加es,如:family→families city→cities party→parties
4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词,变f 或fe 为v,再加es,如:shelf→shelves wolf→wolves life→lives knife→knives 某
些复数加-s,如:roof→roofs
5. 以-o 结尾的词,通常加-es,但如果o 前面是原因字母或外来词,缩写词以o 结尾则只加s,有生命的要加es,
没有生命的加s。
【题源】【改编】
Would you like to have some __________ (potato) for lunch?
【答案】potatoes
【解析】
试题分析: 句意:对于午饭来说,你愿意吃一些土豆吗?根据句意可知用名词的复数,potato 的复数直接加
es,根据句意,故答案是potatoes
考点:考查一般将来时。
【题源】【2016 山东东营】
-Why do people never cut up the _______________ on their birthdays?
-Because they are a symbol of long life.
A. eggs B. cakes C. noodles D. dumplings
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【答案】C
考点: 考查名词
· 不规则变化
1. 国人复数:英法a 变e,中日两瑞不变形,其他末尾加s,如: Englishman→Englishmen Chinese→Chinese
Swiss→Swiss American→Americans German→Germans
2. 单复同形: 中日两瑞,鱼羊鹿,如:sheep→sheep deer→deer
3. 集体名词复数:集体名词既可以作单数(整体)也可以作复数(成员),如class(班级,班里的学生), family
(家庭,家庭成员)crowd(人群,一群人)couple(夫妇,丈夫和妻子) group(群组,一组人)government(政
府机构,政府人员)。
4. 集合名词复数:集合名词虽是单数形式,却总是用作复数,谓语要用复数,前面不可以用不定冠词, 如:
people, police,cattle 等。其中cattle 要表示量的概念,要使用量词head,且用单数, 十头牛的表达是ten
head of cattle.
5. 合成名词:合成名词的复数由主体名词决定,有主体名词则主体名词变复数。如: son-in-law→sons-in-
law passer-by→passers-by;无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数。 如:grown-up→grown-ups
6. 其他:经常出现的其他不规则名词复数有:
child→children foot→feet tooth→teeth goose→geese woman→women man→men,ox→oxen 等。
【题源】【2016 山东东营】
-Why do people never cut up the _______________ on their birthdays?
-Because they are a symbol of long life.
A. eggs B. cakes C. noodles D. dumplings
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:-为什么人们在生日时从不切断面条?-因为是长寿的标志。A. eggs 蛋;B. cakes 蛋糕;C.
noodles 面条;D. dumplings 饺子。生日,吃长寿面,人们不剪断意味着“长寿”,故选C。
考点: 考查名词 学科网
【题源】【改编】
There’s little ________ left at home. Go and buy some, dear.
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A.carrots
B. potatoes
C. rice
【答案】C
考点:考查名词辨析。
· 只修饰可数名词的词:
1. 表示“许多、大量”的短语词汇中,只能修饰可数名词的复数的有:many, a good/great many, a
(great/large) number of, scores of, dozens of 等。 例如: Scores of people went there in the first few
days after its opening. 开张后的头几天,很多人去了那儿。 There’re a number of students reading
English in the classroom. 教室里有许多学生在读英语。
2. 表示“少量”的短语词汇中,只能修饰可数名词复数的有a few, quite a few, few, only a few。表示“另一”
的短语词汇中,只能修饰可数名词的有another,other。
不可数名词 · 定义 不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表
示物质材料的东西。 不可数名词没有复数形式,前面也不可以用不定冠词修饰。
· 用法 1. 不可数名词没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。其复数形式体现在量词上,如:a
bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, 2. 只修饰不可数名词的词: 表示“许多、
大量”的短语词汇中,只修饰不可数名词的有: much, a great deal of, a great/large amount of 等。
例如: Is there much water in the bucket? 桶里有很多水吗?
例如:He always has a great amount of work to do. 他总是有很多工作要做。
表示“少量”的短语词汇中,只能修饰不可数名词的有:a little, little。
3. 兼用修饰词: 表示“许多、大量”的短语词汇中, 既可以修饰可数名词复数,也可以修饰不可数名词。
它们是: a lot of, lots of, plenty of ,a great / large quantity of ,quantities of 。 其他还有some other 等。
First, .... Next,.... Then, .... Finally .... 首先,.... 其次...., 然后....., 最后....
【题源】【2015 年广东省中考】
Mickey mouse is one of the most famous ______ in American ______.
A. symbol, culture B. symbol, cultures C. symbols, culture D. symbols, cultures
【答案】C
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【考点定位】考查名词的用法。
名词复数特殊形式
1) 以y 结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s 变复数。例如:
two Marys the Henrys
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays
2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时:
a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos
radio---radios zoo---zoos;
b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes
c. 上述a 和b 两种方法均可,如zero---zeros / zeroes。
3) 以f 或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:
a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs
safe---safes gulf---gulfs;
b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves
knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves
wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves;
c. 上述a 和b 两种方法均可,如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。
1.3 名词复数的不规则变化
1) child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth
mouse---mice man---men woman---women
注意:由一个词加 man 或 woman 构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women,如an Englishman,
two Englishmen。但German 不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans.
【题源】【2015 年湖南省娄底市中考】
—Would you like some _______for dinner?
—OK.
A. tomatos
B. tomato
C. tomatoes
【答案】C
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【考点定位】考查名词复数。
【题源】【2015 年江西省中考】
There are lots of _____that students have to follow in school.
A. exercises B. problems C. skills D. rules
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:学校里有许多学生必须遵守的规则。A. exercises 练习,锻炼;B. problems 问题;C. skills 技能;
D. rules 规则。能与follow 搭配的是rules:follow the rules 遵守规定。故选D。
【考点定位】考查名词辨析。
2) 单复同形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin 等。但除人民币的
元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。
3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如:
people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a
head of cattle, the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,
作复数用,如The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
4) 以s 结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:
a. maths,politics,physics 等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数。
b. news 为不可数名词。
c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945 年组建起来的。
d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。例如:
"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。
5) 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes 等,若表达具体数目,要借助数词 pair
(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 等。
6) 另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods 货物,waters 水域,fishes(各种)鱼。
4 不可数名词量的表示
1)物质名词
a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。
比较:Cake is a kind of food. 蛋糕是一种食物。 (不可数)
These cakes are sweet. 这些蛋糕很好吃。 (可数)
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b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时,可数。例如:
This factory produces steel. (不可数)
We need various steels. (可数)
c. 当物质名词表示份数时,可数。例如:
Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。
Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。
2) 抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数.
例如:
four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations 四个现代化
物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量,如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice 一则建议。
5. 定语名词的复数
名词作定语一般用单数,但也有以下例外。
1) 用复数作定语。例如:
sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室
talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系
2)man, woman, gentleman 等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例如:
men workers women teachers gentlemen officials
3)有些原有s 结尾的名词,作定语时,s 保留。例如:
goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产
customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush 衣刷
4)数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如:
two-dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路
two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan. 一个五年计划
名词的格
英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teacher's
book。名词所有格的规则如下:
1) 单数名词词尾加"'s",复数名词词尾没有s,也要加"'s",如the boy's bag 男孩的书包,men's room 男厕所。
【题源】【改编】
-- ________is it from here to the airport?
--It’s about ________ taxi ride.
A. How long, 10 minutes’ B. How far, 10-minutes
C. How long, 10- minutes D. How far, 10 minutes’
【答案】C
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考点:考查疑问词和名词所有格的用法。
【题源】【2015 年山东省泰安市中考】
-----When shall we start out, Linda?
-----Right now! The theme park is about _____ ride from here.
A. two hour B. two hour’s
C. two hours D. two hours’
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析hour 小时,可数名词,因为被two 修饰,所以用复数形式hours;two hours 的所有格为two hours’,句
意:琳达,我们什么时候出发?现在,主题公园距离这里骑车大约要两个小时。故选D。
考点:考查所有格的用法。
2) 若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加" ' "。
【题源】【改编】
— It’s convenient to travel from Ezhou to Wuhan by taking the n ewly-built green railway.
— Yes. It’s said that ________________ is enough.
A. fifteen minutes drive
B. fifteen-minutes drive
C. fifteen minute’s drive
D. fifteen minutes’ drive
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:——乘坐新建的环保型铁路线,从鄂州到武汉旅行是很方便的。——是的。据说十五分钟的
车程足够了。此处数词单位名词作定语是可以用连字符连接单数名词,也可以用名词所有格作定语。因此此
处为fifteen-minute drive= fifteen minutes’ drive。故选D。
考点:考查名词所有格的用法。学科网
【祈使句】
含义:用来表达请求、命令、警告、禁止等得句子,以动词原形开头。
【例句】 1. Have a cup of milk shake.→Don’t have any milk shake.
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2. Be careful, please.→Don’t be careless.
3. Let them leave here.→Let them not leave here.
4. Do be careful when you cross the road.(强调句)过马路时你务必小心。
【题源】【改编】
on the grass, or it will “city”.
A. To walk B. Not to walk C. Walk D. Don’t walk
【答案】D
考点:考查祈使句的用法。
【题源】【改编】
Be careful _ too fast, or there _ be an accident.
A. not to drive; must B. to not drive; may
C. not drive; must D. not to drive; may
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:本题的含义是当心开车不要开得太快,否则可能会发生交通事故。Be careful not to do 表示当心不
要做某事的意思,动词不定式的否定形式在to do 前加not,may 表示可能性或许的意思,故本题选D。
考点:动词不定式的否定形式。
【What 和how 引导感叹句的区别 】
一、 由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不
定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。
这类句子的结构形式是: what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).
如: ① What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀!
② What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀!
③ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀!
④ What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀!
⑤ What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀!
⑥ What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀!
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二、 由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容
词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how 修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式
是: How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is).
如:① How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀!
② How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀!
③ How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀!
④ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀!
⑤ How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀!
三、 在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用"what"引导,也可用"how"引导。如:
① What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀!
② What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀!
③ What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀!
④ What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的阳光呀!
四、 感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。
如:① What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀!
② What an honest boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀!
③ What red apples! 多么红的苹果呀!
④ How cool! 好凉快呀!
⑤ How wonderful! 精彩极了!
【题源】【改编】
______ useful book about playing ______ chess! I shall get one for my son.
A. How a; the B. What a; / C. How; / D. What an; the
【答案】B
考点:考查感叹句和不定冠词的用法。
【题源】【改编】
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. _____ it is to fish by the lake in _____ weather!
A. How great fun; such a fine
B. What great fun; such fine
C. What a great fun; such fine
D. How a great fun; so fine a
【答案】B
【解析】[来源:学,科,网]
试题分析:句意:这么晴朗的天气在河边钓鱼真是太好了。1 how + 形容词/副词 + 主语+系动词/动词。 2
what+名词/名词词组+主语+系动词/动词。结合句意,故选B
考点:考查感叹句的用法。
【题源】【2016 湖北黄石】
Look! The model is walking to us. ______ nice dress!
A.What
B.What a
C.How
D.How a
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:看!模特儿向我们走来了。多么漂亮的衣服啊。感叹句几what 或how 引出。What 引出的感
叹句强调名词或名词短语;how 引出的感叹句强调形容词或副词,本句中“nice dress”是名词短语,用what 引
出,dress 是单数的可数名词,前要加不定冠词。故选B。
考点:考查感叹句。
【must 与have to 的用法区别】
1)两词都是'必须'的意思,have to 表示客观的需要,must 表示说话人主观上的看法,既主观上的必要。
My brother was very ill,so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把
医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事) He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。
(主观上要做这件
事)
have to 有人称、数、时态的变化,而must 只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。
He had to look after his sister yesterday. 3)在否定结构中:don't have to 表示"不必"mustn't 表示"禁止", You
don't have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。 【题源】【2016 山东东营】You mustn't tell him about it.
你一定不要把这件事告诉他。
-Excuse me, sir, visiting hours are over. You ___________ leave.
-Pardon me, nurse. I didn't hear the bell.
A. may B. can C. must D. need
【答案】C
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考点: 考查情态动词辨析。
【题源】【2016 湖北黄石】
Joe go to the doctor because his leg is broken .
A、have to B、can C、has to D、may
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:Joe 不得不去看医生,因为他的腿摔坏了。have to 有人称、数、时态的变化,而must 只有一种
形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务,故选C。
考点:考查单词的辨析。
【if 引导的条件状语从句】
条件状语从句表示主句动作发生的条件,在初中阶段常由if(如果)引导,表示假如有从句的动作发生就会有
主句的动作发生。
例如:
Please call me if he is at home. 假如他在家的话,请给我打电话。
条件状语从句和主句还有一个共同的伙伴,有时它可以替代从句和主句,它就是“祈使句+and / or+简单句”。
其中and 表示句意顺承;or 则表示转折,意为“否则”。
例如:
If you work harder, you’ll pass the exam.
= Work harder, and you’ll pass the exam. 如果你再努力些,你就会通过考试。
If you don’t hurry up, you’ll miss the train.
= Hurry up, o
r you’ll miss the train. 如果你不快点儿,你就赶不上火车了。
【题源】【改编】
If he harder, he’ll catch up with us.
A. work B. works
C. worked D. will work
【答案】D[来源:学科网]
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【考点定位】考查条件状语从句。
【题源】【2016 贵州黔东南州中考】
There _______ a sport meet next week if it ______.
A. is going to have; doesn’t rain B. is going to be; doesn’t rain
C. is going to be; won’t rain D. is going to have; won’t rain
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果不下雨,下周将有一个运动会。这是一个there be 结构的一般将来时态,其结构是:There
is/are going to be;A、D错;后半部分是if 引出的条件状语从句,主句谓语是一般将来时态时,条件状语从句
要用一般现在时态。故选B。
考点:考查条件状语从句及there be 结构。
在学习条件状语从句时,同学们要注意以下几点:
一、时态
如果主句是一般将来时态,这时从句不可以用将来时态,而要用一般现在时。
例如:
I won’t go there with you if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨的话,我就不和你一起去那儿了。
二、主从句的位置
大多数情况下,从句可以位于主句之前,也可以位于主句之后。不过从句在前时,主从句之间必须用逗号隔开。
例如:
Please tell me if he comes back.
= If he comes back, please tell me. 如果他回来了,请告诉我一声。
【题源】【改编】
I’m sorry I’m very busy now. If I ______ time, I ______ come to see you.
A. have, would B. had, will
C. were, will D. have, will
【答案】A
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【考点定位】 考查if 条件状语从句。学科网
五、实战演练
【基础测查】
【题源】[首发]山东省武城县育才实验学校2016-2017 学年八年级上学期
单项选择。
从A、B、C 和D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.—I’m going to Hawaii with my aunt this month for my holiday.
—_____!
A. Have a good time
B. Best wishes to them
C. Thand you very much
D. It’s OK
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:根据上文,这个月我要和我的姑姑去夏威夷度假。Have a good time 祝你玩得愉快; Best wishes to
them .给他们最好的祝福;Thank you very much. 非常感谢你;It’ s OK 不错。结合语境可知选A。根据题意。故
选A。
考点:考查交际用语
2. —Excuse me, which is the way to the post office?
—Sorry. I’m new here.
—_____.
A. Not at all
B. Bad luck
C. Thank you all the same
D. Thank you
【答案】C
考点:考查交际用语
3. —Would you like to go for a picnic with us?
—_____, but I’m too busy.
A. No, I can’t
B. Yes, I would
C. I’d love to
D. Why not
【答案】C
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【解析】
试题分析:句意:——你愿意和我们一起去野餐吗?——我愿意去,但是我太忙了。A. No, I can’t 不,我不能;
B. I’d like 我喜欢,我想要; C. I’d love to 我想要去; D. Why not 为什么不,后面用问号,题中给的是逗
号,故排除D 项;连词but 表示转折关系,后面表示忙无法去,故前半句表示想去,故排除A 项。I’d like/love to
表示想要去,宾语与前面内容相同时,省略动词不定式符号to 后面的内容。故选C。
考点:考查交际用语的用法。
4. There ____ some bread and two cakes in the plate.
A. is B. are C. has D. Have
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:在盘子里有一些面包和两个蛋糕。There be 句型中be 动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和
数上保持一致。如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语,be 动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致,也
就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。根据题意。故选A。
考点:考查主谓一致
5.Would you like ____ soccer with us ?Sure. I like ____ soccer very much.
A. to play, playing B. playing, play C. to play, play D. playing, playing
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:你想要和我们一起去踢足球吗?当然,我非常喜欢踢足球。Would like to do sth 想要做某事,
like doing something 喜欢做某事。故选A。
考点:考查不定式和动名词用法
6. It ____ Danny an hour to walk to his friend’s house last week.
A. spent B. paid C. costs D. Took
【答案】D
考点:考查动词的辨析及固定句型
7. I’m thirsty. But there is ____ water in the cup.
A. a little B. little C. a few D. Few
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【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:虽然我口渴,但是杯子里几乎没有水。A. little 很少的,修饰不可数名词;B. a few 一些,修饰
可数名词;C. few 很少的,修饰可数名词; 修饰不可数名词water,因此用形容词little,故选B。
考点:考查形容词的用法。
8.A bus is slower than a plane, ____ it doesn’t cost so much.
A. but B. then C. or D. So
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:一个公共汽车比飞机慢,但是花费的不是很多。But 但是;B. Then 然后;C. Or 或者;D. So 因
此。根据题意。故选A。
考点:考查连词的辨析
9.You’d better ____ up late.
A. not to get B. not get C. not getting D. not got
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:你最好不要起床晚。You’d better+not+动词的原形,这里表示最好不要做某事。根据题意。故
选B。
考点:考查固定句型
10.—Must I clean the room now, Mom?[来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K]
—No, .
A. you mustn't B. you needn't C. you can't
【答案】B[来源:Zxxk.Com]
考点:考查情态动词辨析。
11.--- Jack, don’t always copy what others do. ______ your head, please.
--- Thanks for telling me.
A. Using B. Used C. Uses D. Use
【答案】D
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【解析】
试题分析:句意:--杰克,不要总是抄袭别人的,动动自己的脑子。--谢谢你告诉我。这里是祈使句,其肯定句的
结构是以动词原形开头,故选D。
考点:考查祈使句的用法。
12.-- Can you play the guitar?
-- No, I _____ .But I _____ play the piano
A.can;can B. can’t;can’t
C.can’t ;can D. can;can’t
【答案】 C
【解析】
试题分析:试题分析:句意为:---NIIT 会弹吉他吗?---不,我不会。但是我会弹钢琴。can 引起的一般疑问句,
肯定回答为:Yes,主语+can。否定回答为:No,主语+can’t。表示“能、会”应用...故选C
考点:考查情态动词的用法。学科网
13. - _____ heavy the rainstorm is!
-Yes, the town has experienced the most serious flood during the past ten years.
A. How
B. What
C. How a
D. What a
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:--多么大的暴风雨呀!--是的,这个城镇已经经历了在过去的十年里最严重的洪水。这里是
感叹句,其结构是What a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他;What++形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他;
How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其他;这里heavy 是形容词,所以用how,故选A。
考点:考查感叹句的用法。
14.—Alan, don’t ________ too late, or you will feel sleepy in class.
—Sorry, Mrs. Black. I won’t do that again.
A. set up B. put up C. stay up D. stand up
【答案】C
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考点:考查动词短语的用法。
15.________ the Hope Project, many homeless children can go to school.
A. Thanks for B. Thanks to C. Thanks as D. Thanks in
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:多亏了希望工程,很多无家可归的孩子能去上学了。Thanks for 为……而感谢,Thanks to 多
亏,由于故选B
考点:考查动词的用法。
二.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。(每小题2 分,共10 分)
11. The baby is very young. He has no _______ (tooth) now.
12. Yang Liwei is one of the _______ (hero) in my heart.
13. When the students heard the news,they were all _____.(excite)
14. He spends two hours _______ (exercise) every day.
15.I often see him _______ (dance).
【答案】
teeth
heroes
excited
exercising
dance
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考点:单词填空
三.补全对话
A: Hello, Tom !
B: Hello, Jane ! 1_________________________.
A: Tired? Because I went to bed late last night.
B: Why? 2____________________? Did you do your homework?
A: No, I just watched a football match between two famous teams.
B: 3________________________________________.
A: Yes, very exciting. But I was a little disappointed.
B: What happened?
A: My favorite player missed a good chance. He couldn’ t kick the football into the goal. All his fans were very
angry with him.
B: 4_____________________,I am sure he must have done his best.
A: Yes, I think so . Oh, you look unhappy. What’s the matter?[来源:学科网ZXXK]
B: I was lonely. My parents went to Beijing for an important meeting. I am alone at home.
A: 5_________________________. I’ll stay with you.
B: Thank you very much.
A: You are welcome.
【答案】
Why do you look tired?
What did you do?
Was it exciting?
You shouldn’t be angry with him
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Don’t worry
考点:情景交际。
【备战中考】
完形填空
Be pleased to do anything even though it is very tiny. In fact, there's no single thing that is not worth doing or
you are not able to do. So living a happy life with a light heart is the mos t important. A good mood decides your
quality of life . Then 21 can you live a happy life?
Make each day meaningful(有意义的) by helping someone or just making someone smile. The feeling which
makes you want to help others 22 at the bottom of your heart. Happiness depends on your feelings in your heart.
Helping others is helping yourself. By helping others, you 23 more. Seeing their satisfied smile will make y ou
feel 24 of what you have done.
Face difficulties bravely in your life. 25 may meet with difficulties. No one can avoid them. The difficulties
can teach you a lot. They are your treasure. They will help you to be closer to 26 .
Focus on the good experiences you 27 in the past few years. Be grateful to life. Don't think too much about
the negative things. They 28 bad weather. Bad weather will pass sooner or later, so will the negative things. You
may find many dead ends in your life. but you will 29_ find your way out of them. Everything will get better al
last.
Never worry about the things you can't change, Worrying isn't useful. Worrying ran 30 change the situation
30 solve any problem. Perhaps, not every dream will be realized; not every effort(努力) will he completed. Never
mind, and take it easy.
Come on, everybody! Let's live a happy life with a light heart and enjoy the beautiful sunshine every day.
根据短文内容选择最佳答案。[来源:学科网ZXXK][来源:Zxxk.Com]
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A. what B. how C. why
A. May B. staying C. slays
A. arc giving B. will give C. will he given
A. proud B. afraid C. tired
A. Somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody
A. failure B. success C. trouble
A. have had B. have C. has
A. are different from B. are fond of C. are similar lo
A. always B. seldom C. never
A. not only; but also B. neither; nor C. either; or
【答案】
B [来源:学科网]
C
C
A
C
B
A
C
A
B
C 考查动词及语境的理解。A. May 五月;B. staying 停留;C. slays 第三人称单数;那种使你想要帮助其他人的
感觉就在你的心底。根据主语是动名词,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数,故选C。
C 考查动词及语境的理解。A. arc giving 进行时;B. will give 将来时;C. will be given 被动语态的将来时。根据
上文帮助别人就是帮助自己,可知句意:通过帮助别人你将获得更多。主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系,所以
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用被动语态,故选C。
A 考查形容词及语境的理解。A. proud 骄傲的;B. afraid 害怕的;C. tired 疲惫的。看着他们满足的微笑将使你
为自己所做的事感到骄傲。根据句意,故选A。
C 考查代词及语境的理解。A. Somebody 有人;B. Nobody 没有人;C. Everybody 每一个人。根据后文没有人能
避免他们,可知句意:每一个都可能遇到困难。结合句意,故选C。
B 考查名词及语境的理解。A. failure 失败;B. success 成功;C. trouble 麻烦。根据上文可知困难将帮助你离成
功越来越近。故选B。
A 考查动词及语境的理解。A. have had 选择完成时;B. have 动词原形;C. has 第三人称单数。关注在最近几年
里你所拥有过的好的经历。感恩生活。in the past few yearsz 在最近几年里,现在完成时的标准词,故选A。
C 考查短语及语境的理解。A. are different from 与……不同; B. are fond of 喜欢; C. are similar lo 与……相
似。他们和坏天气相似。糟糕的天气早晚都会过去,消极的事情也是一样。结合句意,故选C。
考点:考查人生百味类短文。学科网
【中考备战】
【题源】【2016 山东滨州】
单词拼写(共1 小题,计10 分)(一)根据句意,用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空.
(5 分).
candle
prevent
wood
near
develop
It is _____three years since we studied in this school.
Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s _____.
﹣What _____you from joining us last night?
﹣The heavy rain.
I never take_____chopsticks or plastic forks when I buy takeaway food.
If the birthday person blows out all the _____in one go,the wish he has made will come true.
【答案】
nearly
development
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23
prevented
wooden
candles
【解析】
试题分析:句意:﹣你知道科学家屠呦呦吗?﹣是的,由于她的伟大成就她嬴得了2015 年的诺贝尔医学奖。
surprise 惊讶;achievement 成就;education 教育;satisfaction 满意;赢得诺贝尔奖的人一定是有巨大成就的,故
选B。
句意:自从我们在这个学校学习,现在已经将近三年了。nearly,“几乎,差不多”.根据句意“自从我们在这
个学校学习已经______三年了.”可知此处应该填一个副词来修饰时间状语;根据形容词near,“在…附
近”,可知应变为副词nearly,汉语意思为“几乎,差不多”.故填nearly
句意:医生说太多的压力对孩子的发展不好。development,“发展”.根据句意“医生说太多的压力对孩子
的_____不好.”可知此处应该填一个名词;根据动词develop“发展”,可知其应变为名词development,汉语
意思为“发展”.故填development。
句意:﹣昨天晚上是什么阻止你加入我们呢?﹣大雨。prevented“阻止”.根据句意“.﹣昨天晚上是什么
_____你加入我们呢?﹣大雨.”;同时结合prevent sb.doing sth.“阻止某人干某事”,因为时间状语是last
night,所以使用prevent 的过去时态.故填prevented。
句意:当我买外卖时,我从来不带走木质的筷子和塑料的叉子。wooden,“木制的”.根据句意“当我买外卖
时,我从来不带走_____的筷子和塑料的叉子.”,结合名词wood,“木头”,可知使用其形容词形式
wooden,“木制的”来修饰后面的名词chopsticks.故填wooden。
考点:单词拼写。
【题源】【2016 浙江金华】
阅读下面短文,从各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Huw Thomas fell in love with Megan. But then an accident changed his life, and he ha d to move to Canada. Megan
promised to write to him. But Huw never heard from her ... until one day a letter arrived.
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He saw the letter came from where he and his father had lived in their early years. Who was writing to
him? He turned the envelope (信封) over in his hands several times. Then he took out the letter and read:
Dear Huw,
I don’t know if this letter will reach you, and I don’t really know why I’m writing to you after all these years,
but ...
Huw turned to the end of the letter and saw:
Best wishes
Megan
He couldn’t believe it. He turned back to the first words of the letter and read:
... after all these years, but I’ve just found your letters to me from Canada. Believe me, th is was the first time
I’d read them and they made me cry, even after 50 years. I found them in a box of my father’s papers. They were
never opened.
Huw, I never knew that you’d written to me. I thought your new life in Canada had made you forget me. Now
I realize that my father kept your letters. I can still remember asking him if there was any letter for me, and he
always said “ ▲ , my girl. I told you he was no good.” Finally, after about a year, I believed him.
But why did he keep the letters? Do you think he wanted me to find them when it was too late? Anyway, he’s
dead now, so I can’t ask him. All I can say is I’m sorry. Sorry for what my father did, sorry that you never heard
from me and sorry for… everything.
I hope that at least this letter reaches you. Of course, I’ll understand if you don’t want to write back to me, but
if you do, I am still Megan Jenkins, and I still live at the same address.
Best wishes,
Megan
Huw read the letter again. Everything with Megan came back to him. He had never forgotten her. He couldn’t.
Every day he looked at her face on the wall. He had a drawing of her. It had traveled everywhere with him. But to
hear from her again …
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“Are you all right, Dad?” asked Mike, coming into the room.
(Adapted
42. Why did Huw turn to the end of the letter before he finished the rest of it?
A. Because he was not interested in the beginning.
B. Because he didn’t like to read letters from Megan.
C. Because he wanted to finish reading it in a short time.[来源:Z*xx*k.Com]
D. Because he wanted to know whom the letter was from.
43. Megan failed to read Huw’s letters because _______.
A. her father kept them
B. they were lost
on the way
C. she moved to another city
C. he didn’t post them at all
44. Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲ ?
A. Sorry, it’s my fault
B. Look up here
C. No, he has forgotten you
D. Yes, here are the ones from him
45. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Huw had never got married all these years.
B. Megan was still living with her father in Canada.
C. Megan was sure that Huw would receive her letter.
D. Megan still loved Huw and felt sorry for what had happened.
【答案】
42.D
43.A
44.C
45.D
42.D 考查细节理解题。【问题】在他没读完这封信剩余部分之前,休为什么转到这封信的结尾?根据第一段
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第三四句Megan promised to write to him. But Huw never heard from her…until one day a letter arrive. 梅甘答应
给他写信。但休从来没有收到她的来信…直到有一天,一封信到。以及第二段这封信来自他早年父亲工作的
地方,也是他和梅甘谈恋爱的地方,她想知道这是谁给他写的信。故选D。
43.A 考查细节理解题。【问题】梅甘没读休的信因为________。根据第五段最后倒数第二句I found them in a
box of my father’s papers.及第六段第三句Now I realized that my father kept your letters.可知选A。
44.C 考查语境理解题。【问题】下面的哪一个句子能放在_▲?根据对前句I can still remember asking if there
was any letter for me(我仍然记得问是否有给我的任何来信。)以及后句my girl, I told you he was no good.(我
的女儿,我告诉你了他不好。)可知她的父亲会说,没有,他已经忘记你了。故选C。
45.D 考查推断理解题。
【问题】从这篇文章中我们能推断出什么?A.休这些年没有结婚;B.梅甘还和她的父亲
生活在加拿大;C.梅甘确信休将受到她的信;D.梅甘仍然爱着休,对发生的事感到难过。根据本文最后一句
“Are you all right, Dad?”asked Mike, coming into the room.可知A 是错误的,休结婚了;根据第一段第一二句
Huw Thomas fell in love with Megan. But then an accident changed his life, and he had to move to Canana.可知
Huw 搬到加拿大,故B 是错误的;根据倒数第三段第一句I hope that at least this letter reaches you.可知梅甘希
望这封信休能收到,故C 是错误的;根据倒数第四段最后二句All I can say is I’m sorry. Sorry for what my
father did, sorry that you never heard from me and sorry for…everything.可知梅甘仍然爱着休,并对发生的事
情感到难过,故D 是正确的,选D。
考点:考查故事类阅读。学科网
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