文档文本内容
Unit 5 China and the World
精讲精练
责编:王晓丽
句式精讲
1. It’s said that they’re powerful animals which guard the whole nation.
It is said that...是一个固定搭配的句型，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that 从句。它的意
思是“据说……”。例如：
It is said that Mary is very happy in London. （主语从句）
= They say that Mary is very happy in London（宾语从句）
据说玛丽在伦敦是非常幸福的。
【拓展】
另外类似的句型有：It is believed…（人们相信），It is reported that …（据报道），It is
supposed that... （据猜测）。例如：
It is supposed that there is no life on the moon.
据推测月球上是没有生命的。
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
据报道又有一颗地球卫星上天了。
It is believed that on December 21st,1891,the first basketball game in history was played.
人们相信历史上首次篮球比赛是在1891 年12 月21 日举行的。
2. The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world.
one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词/代词，意为“最……之一”，当其做主语时，谓语动词用单
数形 式。例如：
His brother is one of the tallest boys in the class.
他弟弟是这个班最高的男生之一。
The song is one of the most popular songs.
这首歌是最流行的歌之一。
One of us has nothing for breakfast.
我们中有一个人没吃早饭。
3. It is a book which/that introduces China in detail.
which/that 在此引导的是一个定语从句，修饰前面的a book。定语从句就是在主从复合句中用作定
语的句子。引导定语从句的关系词有：who; which; that; when; where 等。
（1）who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：
The person who broke the window must pay for it. 打碎玻璃的人必须赔偿。
（2）which 指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
字典是一本解释单词意思的书。
（3）that 多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：
I’ve read the newspaper that / which carries the important news.
我已经读了那份承载重要新闻的报纸。
（4）when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：
I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.
我从不会忘记我们工作在农场的时间。
（5）where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：
This is the house where we lived last year. 这是我们去年居住的那个房子。
4. Could you tell me more about him?
Could you please…?常用来礼貌地提出请求，意思是“你能……吗？/ 请你……好吗？”肯定回答
常用Certainly…/Sure…/OK…/No problem 等；否定回答常用Sorry,…。例如：
— Could you please come here a minute, please? 请你过来一下好吗？
— Certainly, I’m coming. 当然可以，我就来。
— Could you please carry the heavy bag for us? 你能帮我们提这个重包吗？
— No problem. 没问题。
【注意】
Could you please…? 中的please 常省略。例如：
— Could you tell us how to go to the nearest supermarket? 你能告诉我们怎样去最近的超市吗？
— OK. I’ll take you there right now. 可以。我马上就带你们去那里。
5. He even succeeded in sailing to the east coast of Africa.
succeed 表示“成功”，是不及物动词；表示做某事做成功了，succeed 后通常接in doing sth.。
例如：
His plan succeeded. 他的计划成功了。
At last he succeeded in solving the problem. 他终于成功地把那个问题解决了。
【拓展】
（1）success 表示抽象意义的“成功”，是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 则是
可数名词。例如：
Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。
His new book was a great success. 他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。
（2）successful 是形容词，意为“成功的”，successfully 是副词，意为“成功地”。例如：
The performance was successful. 演出很成功。
Local people have successfully built the bridge. 当地人成功地修建了那座桥。
6. What a great explorer!
本句是一个感叹句。感叹句用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。它主要有what 和how 引导的两种
句型，what 常用来修饰名词，how 常用来修饰形容词、副词。
(1) How 型感叹句：
1) How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！ 例如：
How high the bird flies! 这鸟飞得真高！
2) How + 主语 + 谓语！ 例如：
How time flies! 时间过得真快！
(2) What 型感叹句：
1) What +a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+其他！ 例如：
What a beautiful girl she is! 她是多么漂亮的女孩呀！
2) What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词+主语+其他！例如：
What hot weather it is! 多么热的天呀！
(3) 在一定情况下，两种句型可以相互转换。例如：
How interesting the book is!=What an interesting book it is !这本书多有趣啊！
7. People were either early or late.
（1）either…or…连接两个相同的句子成分，意为“要么……要么……；或者……或者……；
不是……就是……”。例如：
He either stays at home or visits friends on the weekend.
在周末，他要么待在家里，要么拜访朋友。
They will come either tomorrow or the day after tomorrow.
他们不是明天来，就是后天来。
（2）either…or…连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式与紧靠谓语的那个主语的形式保持一致，即遵
循就近原则。例如：
Either I or he is on duty today.
今天不是我值日，就是他值日。
8. She had it built so that everyone would have the same.
so that 的意思是“为了；以致”，它引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句。例如：
Please switch the light on so that we can see what it is．
请开灯，让我们看一下它是什么东西。
I took an early bus so that I got there in time．
我乘了早班公共汽车，及时到了那里。
【拓展】
so… that…的意思是“如此……以至于……”，它引导结果状语从句。 例如：
She felt so sad that tears came to her eyes．
她非常悲伤，泪水盈眶。
He spoke so rapidly（that）we could hardly follow him．
他说得很快，我们很难听清楚他在说什么。
句式精练
I. 按要求完成下列句子。
1. We visited a factory. It makes toys for children.（合并成一句）
We visited a factory ______ makes toys for children.
2. Both Jane and Maria draw it well.（同义句）
Jane draws it ______ well ______ Maria.
3. Cai Lun developed this kind of paper.（改为被动语态）
This kind of paper ______ ______ by Cai Lun.
4. The book is really good. We should read it.(合并成一句)
The book is really ______ ______ .
5. Everyone may know the girl. Her father is called Fang Gang. (合并成一句)
Everyone may know the girl_______ father is called Fang Gang.
6. Deng Xiaoping died in 1997.(同义句)
Deng Xiaoping ______ ______ in 1997.
7. Be patient. The meeting will be over at once.(同义句)
Be patient. The meeting will ______ ______ ______ ______ at once
8. Have you read the poems written by Li Bai? (同义句)
Have you read the poems _______ _______ _______ by Li Bai?
9. Both my father and my mother work very hard every day. (同义句)
_____ _____ my father _____ _____ my mother ______ very hard every day .
10. Internet is very useful in our daily life. (同义句)
Internet ______ ______ ______ ______ in our daily life.
II. 根据短文内容，将所给地名填入文中适当的位置。
A. the Museum of Chinese Revolution
B. B. the Forbidden City
C. C. Chang’an Street
D. D. the Great Hall of the people(人民大会
堂)
E. E. Tian’anmen Square
Welcome to Beijing, everyone! Now we are standing in 1 , which is the most famous square in our
country. On the left there are two museums—the Museum of Chinese History and 2
. We can get lots of
knowledge about Chinese history from here. On the right, over there, is 3
. The government often holds
important meetings there.
Now follow me, please. Let’s go to 4 . It’s opposite the Tian’anmen square. Go across 5 , we’ll get to
it a few minutes later.
1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____
III. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子。
1. 那个老师和他的学生都喜欢踢足球。
Not only the teacher _______ ______his students______ playing football.
2. 他和我都想去购物。
He _______ _______ _______I wants to go shopping.
3. 他不是中国人就是日本人。
He is______ Chinese _______Japanese.
4. 他是我昨天见到的那个人。
He is the man_______ I saw yesterday.
5. 中国是一个拥有五千年历史的伟大国家。
China is a great country that ______ _______ ______ ______of history.
6. 这是一本详细介绍中国的书。
It’s a book _______ _______ ______in detail.
7. 你可以讲述一些你参观那里的事情吗？
Could you tell me something about the places______ ______ _______ ？
8. 上海是世界上最大的城市之一。
Shanghai is _______ _______ _______largest cities in the world.
9. 他们抬的箱子多重啊！
______ _______heavy box they _______carrying!
10. 我会带你到各处看看,好让你和大家见见面。
I’ll show you around _______ ______you can meet everyone.
IV. 从方框中选择恰当的句子补全对话。
A. the character of “man” looked like a body with two legs
B. As time went on, the characters changed.
C. Each one stood for a different thing.
D. It has become one of the most attractive languages in the world.
E. I agree with you.
Steve: I think it’s very hard for foreigners to study Chinese.
Kangkang:
1
The way of Chinese writing is very different from that of English writing. It’s
written in characters. The early characters were a little like pictures.
2
Steve: Really? Could you tell me more about them?
Kangkang: OK. For example, the character for “sun” was a circle with a dot(点) in the center;
3
.
Steve: How interesting! They’re different from modern characters, aren’t they?
Kangkang: No, they aren’t.
4
People could no longer tell what a character meant just by looking at it.
Steve: Although it’s difficult to study, more and more people outside China are beginning to learn Chinese
now.
5
Kangkang: Yes. It’s important for us to learn Chinese. We should work harder at it than before.
Steve: You’re right. Let’s help each other to learn it.
V. 短文填空。
（2014 湖北咸宁中考）
阅读短文，然后在空格处写出适当的单词，单词首字母已给出。[有的词请注意词形的变化]
Wang Yaping is a Chinese spacewoman. She has made history when she was thirty-three years old
— she has been China’s f________(1) teacher in space.
Wang t________(2) Chinese primary and middle school students on Earth physics
phenomena( 现象) in space. She prepared w________(3) for the lecture and expressed full
confidence about the lesson.
Meeting the media, she said, “We are all s________(4) facing the space. We are l________(5) forward to
encouraging our young friends to learn and research the mystical and beautiful space. ”
Wang was born in J________(6) 1980. She is f________(7) east China’s Shandong Province. She
was a pilot in the People’s Liberation Army Air Force with experience of 1,600 h________(8) of flying.
Except the space lecture, Wang w________ (9) responsible(负责的) for monitoring(监测)
the conditions of spacecraft, space experiments and operation of equipment, among others.
Wang has served the People’s Liberation Army s________(10) August 1997. In May 2010, Wang
b________ (11) a member of the second batch of Chinese astronauts. Wang was chosen to be the
member of the Shenzhou-10 space group in April 2013. She was China’s second woman astronaut
w________(12) was sent into space after Liu Yang who flew with the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft.
How great Wang Yaping is!
参考答案
I. 按要求完成下列句子。
1.which/that 2.as, as 3.was developed 4.worth reading 5. whose
6. passed away 7. come to an end 8. which/that were written
9.Not only; but also; works
10. plays an important part
II. 根据短文内容，将所给地名填入文中适当的位置。
1. E
2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C
III. 根据汉语意思完成下列句子。
1. but also，like 2. as well as 3. either…or 4. who/that/whom
5. has about 5000 years 6. which/that introduces China
7. that/which you visited 8. one of the 9. What a; are 10. so that
IV. 从方框中选择恰当的句子补全对话。
1. E 2. C 3. A 4. B 5.D
V. 短文填空。
1. first
2. taught
3. well
4. students 5. looking 6. January/June/July
7. from
8. hours
9. was
10. since
11. became 12. who
