2019.6-浙江省大学英语三级考试答案解析

Section A-Passage One

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage: 

l recently started a new job, in a small office,where four of us share a fridge. In that fridge is a Brita water filter pitcher (大水罐).One of my coworkers complained that the water tasted “dirty". It went on for a few days,and she was greatly surprised that I could drink the water without any trouble.I started to doubt my taste buds（味蕾), but the water really tasted fine. 

Finally, she figured out the problem was actually her cup. She simply forgot to clean it, and after awhile it started to affect the water inside it.原因是她忘了洗杯子 She cleaned her cup, and drank the water with no problem.

l looked at this incident very differently and thought about the world we live in.Too often we quickly blame other people,other things,anything else but ourselves."You're racist"."You're intolerant". "You're the problem”".The world isn't perfect,I know,but I think we should take a step back sometimes and ask ourselves some tough questions.

Can l be better? Is my heart really pure? Can I help this situation with kindness?

l want to tell you this: please clean your cup.（主旨句，用杯子比喻自己，埋怨之前，先从自己身上找问题）Because when you do, the water will taste much better. I promise you this.

1.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A)Tolerating other people.

B)Doing general cleaning.

C)Making taste buds sensitive.

D) Being aware of one's own fault.

要意识到自己的问题

2.What did the writer's coworker complain about?

A) The dirty cup. 

B)The dirty water. 

同事抱怨水脏（其实是她杯子脏）

C)Her unreliable taste buds.

扭曲事实，文中只提到作者怀疑自己味蕾有问题

D)The irresponsible cleaner.无中生有

3.What does the phrase"figure out”(Paragraph 2) most probably mean?

A) solve 解决

B) admit 承认

C) handle 搞定

D) understand 理解，明白

34.What was actually the cause of the writer's coworker's problem?

A)The water is dirty.

B)Her cup is not clean.

C) Her taste buds were spoiled.

D)She has never used a Brita before.

35.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A)Clean Your Cup 

呼应结尾的比喻句，洗杯子比喻反思自己的问题

B) Don't Complain 不要抱怨，不够切题

C)Never Blame Others  过于绝对

D)Be Kind to Your Co-workers 对同事友善，跑题

Section A-Passage Two

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

Henry John Heinz 亨氏番茄酱创始人（如上图）

同义词的替换是本文一大难点：

food conservation=food preservation 食品保存

conserve=preserve v.保存

can v.把食物罐装保存

canned food 罐头食品

tin n.罐头

One of the first men to make a commercial success of food conservation was Henry John Heinz. 取得食品保存商业成功 In 1869 he founded a company in Pittsburgh,USA.Like other Americans of his generation, Heinz made his name a household word throughout the western world.At last,man seems to have discovered how to preserve food without considerably altering its taste.The tins of food (Heinz tins!) which Captain Scott abandoned in the Antarctic were opened 47 years after his death, and the contents were not only edible (可食用的), but pleasant.

The main argument against conserved foods is not that the canning of food makes it taste different; rather,people complain that the recipes which the canning chefs dream up are tedious (令人生厌的) or tasteless. 反对罐装食品的理由不是A而是B（rather后才是答案）。But any recipe is tedious or tasteless if it is eaten in great quantities. And a company like Heinz can only produce something if it is going to be eaten in great quantities. The tomato is very pleasant to eat when it is freshly picked. A regular diet of tomatoes alone could well prove tedious.The canning companies try to cook the tomato in as many ways as possible. The Heinz factories in Britain use millions and millions of tomatoes every year.

There are many people who do not like to eat food out of season过季的.They like their food to be fresh新鲜，and they like to cook it themselves in"the old-fashioned way" 用传统方法烹饪（区别于罐头食品）. It is very difficult for modern man to realize what it is like to live without the advantages of pre-packaged and canned food.预包装/罐头食品的好处 European society in its present form could not cope without 离开后者就不行modern methods of food processing.Imagine your local supermarket without all the cans of pre-packaged foods. The supermarket would turn into a chaos of rotten vegetables,stale bread and unhealthy meat. 如没有预包装与罐头食品，大量食物将很快变质 The health problems would be insurmountable (难以克服的), unless we all went into the country to support ourselves. 

So next time you reject canned food as being tasteless or unimaginative,remember that you can only afford to eat fresh food because canned food exists. 因为罐头食品的存在，你才能买得起新鲜食品（超市食物变质快，成本上升，价格就会上涨）

36.In which way was Henry John Heinz successful?

A)He sold his home-made food to Captain Scott.

B) He sailed around the world and reached the Antarctic.

C)He achieved a commercial success in food preservation.

在食品保存方面取得了商业成功（第一句）

D) Branches of his company were established throughout the world.

37. The main disadvantage of conserved food is________.

38. A) the change in taste

B) the mass-production

C) the relatively high price

D) the tedious or tasteless recipes

令人生厌或无味的食谱

题干中disadvantage对应argument against

38.Why do some people especially dislike canned food?

A) Because they like food freshly fixed.

他们喜欢新鲜处理食物（换了一种表达）

out of season, fresh, cook in old-fashioned way

B) Because they do not like canning chefs.

C) Because they know how to preserve food in their own way.

D) Because they dislike foods that are made to a traditional recipe.

39. What would happen if there were no canned food?

A) Health problems would occur more quickly.

B) Supermarkets would sell food at a higher price.

超市的食物售价会更高

对应最后一段的afford（买得起）

C) The modern society would not function properly.

D) People would have little food supply and starve to death.

40. What is the writer's attitude toward canned food?

A) Neutral. 中立的

B) Negative. 负面/消极的

C) Indifferent. 漠不关心的

D) Approving. 赞许的（最后一段表明态度）

Section A-Passage Three

Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:

In good years, more than 100,000 tourists flock to 蜂拥而至 the Marino Ballena National Park on Costa Rica's Pacific coast to see humpback whales (驼背鲸) breathing in the blue waters. 游客蜂拥来观鲸 But warming temperatures - driven by climate change and strengthening EI Nino (厄尔尼诺) events - are beginning to threaten the region's tourism economy.由气候变化与不断增强的厄尔尼诺事件所引发的气温上升，正开始威胁当地的旅游经济。

“When temperatures rise two or three degrees [Celsius] above the region's average, we have very few whale sightings compared to normal years,"温度上升，能看见鲸鱼的次数就很少。said whale specialist Jose David Palacios, who works at the Marino Ballena National Park with the Keto Foundation, a Costa Rican marine conservation organization. 谁说的，身份是什么，只要不考，就跳过

Whales are one of the main tourist draws for Marino Ballena National Park, one of Costa Rica's most visited natural areas. As climate change hits the country' s parks and biodiversity, it is also threatening local economies highly dependent on tourism, scientists and local people say.

鲸鱼是该公园吸引游客的主要原因之一，气候变化不仅破坏生物多样性，还对高度依赖旅游业的当地经济造成威胁。

“What's happening with the whales is worrying. In previous years (2015-2016) there was a decrease in the amount of tours precisely because the probability of finding whales was very low,' said Rafael Sanchez, a tour operator from the company Adventure Bay. 找到鲸鱼的可能性很低，游客人数就下降 Scientists similarly have noticed a drop in whale sightings in the park, mainly in warmer-than-average years, they said.类似的，水温高于往年均温的时候，看到鲸鱼的次数也下降。

Although more study is needed, they believe rising water temperatures may be altering（改变） the migration routes of humpback whales moving past Costa Rica from the north.

水温上升，改变了座头鲸迁徙的路线（从北而来，经过Costa Rica）

When the whales descend in search of warmer waters to reproduce, they may now be finding them before reaching the park, scientists believe. 当鲸鱼南下寻找更温暖的水域进行繁殖时，他们现在可能在抵达该公园之前，就已经找到合适的水域了（公园往北）。The problem is that, as the whales spend time elsewhere, the community of Bahia Ballena could see its income dry up. 鲸鱼不来这里，当地收入就慢慢没有了。

“Whale sighting tourism really moves this community. Tourism has been the main economic activity in the region for a couple of years now. Recently, it's been growing in these type of activities," said Mr. Sanchez, the tour operator.

A study published in the journal Nature in 2014 estimated that extreme EI Nifo events, like the recent one in Costa Rica, will become twice as likely due to climate change. That is a growing worry for tour operators 旅游公司 in Bahia Ballena. 

41. What leads to the problem that the Marino Ballena National Park is faced with?

A) The rise of water temperatures.

B) The hunting of humpback whales.未提及

C) The pollution of the blue waters.未提及

D) The increasing number of tourists. 说反了

42. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about the Marino Ballena National Park?

A) Most tourists have visited it to see whales.

"whales are one of the main tourist draws"

游客主要是来观鲸的

B) Tourism has seriously affected its biodiversity.

应该是“旅游业与生物多样性都被水温上升影响”

C) Scientists and local people work for it together.未提及

D) The climate change is a result of human activities.未提及

43. Why is there lower probability of seeing whales in the park now?

A) The park cannot prevent the water from drying up.公园无法阻止水干涸

B) They may reproduce elsewhere north of the park.

从北往南迁徙，还没到达公园就找到合适水域，所以是在公园以北

C) The park has financial difficulty in sustaining them. 

公园没钱维护他们

D) They have changed the direction of their migration. 方向一直都是从北往南，只是终点变了

44. What are tour operators in Bahia Ballena increasingly concerned about? (同义词 growing worry)

A) Tourists will lose their interest in watching whales there.

B) The coastline in Costa Rica will be destroyed by tourism.

C) The locals will have to move because of the climate change.

D) Extreme weather events will reduce the community's income. 极端天气会减少当地社区的收入

45. Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?

A) Alterations in Costa Rica Coasts 海岸线变更，未提及

B) Whales in Marine National Parks 以偏概全

C) Economic Activities and Ecology 太大，未体现主题

D) Climate Change and Local Tourism 

气候变化与当地旅游业

Section B

The natural climate cycles, for the past million years,consist of long periods of glaciation (冰川) with short interglacial warm periods.We are now in one of those warm periods.We don'texpect the natural cycles to _46_ significantly to warming.Humans have taken over.The human-caused_47_in CO2 in the last two centuries has led to a 1.5°C rise in land temperatures. With the expected CO2 increases from human burning of fossil fuels,we can expect_48_1.5°C rise in the next 50 to 100 years. That is my own conclusion based on our _49_ analysis at Berkeley Earth.org. It does not depend on the IPCC models or on government analysis.

We can adapt, but it is difficult to_50_rapidly without significant disruption.However, we can also avoid the large temperature rise. Doing so requires_51_approaches: improved energy conservation, substitution of natural gas for coal and greater reliance on nuclear power.Any one of these could have a_52_impact than the treaty proposed in Paris. If you read my older books, such as Physics for Future Presidents，you'll recall that I was once a big fan of solar._53_, solar has disappointed me;right now less than 0.1% of the energy use in China is solar.

The real _54_ for my choice is that all of them can be done profitably.In the developing world, if it isn't profitable, it isn't sustainable.Yes, we can and will adapt. But countries fight wars _55_energy, and adaptation is likely more filled with misery than making a profit.The difficulties with that are largely government disinterest (e.g.conservation) or active opposition. The US has not been setting a good example by its exaggerated fears of nuclear power.

A. adapt         F. But                    K. over

B. another      G. However          L. smaller

C. bigger        R. increase           M.reason

D. contribute     I. independent    N. three

E. decrease     J. other                O. with

Section A-完形填空

Most Americans who get married today believe they are choosing their own partners after falling in love with them. Arranged marriages，which_56__ common in some parts of the world,are a _57_ here. But while doing research about arranged marriages, I've made a_58__ observation:These seemingly different kinds of matrimony(婚姻生活) may be_59_ to converge （聚集）.

56.

A) stay B) keep 

C) remain 保持不变，后文有此用法 D) maintain 

57. 

A)gift  B) fact  

C) rarity 罕见的事，对比common D) reality

58.

A) simple B) surprising C) disrupting D) disappointing

59.

A) seeming  B)preparing 

C)beginning  D)appearing （似乎，与may重复）

Couples who superficially marry after spontaneously falling in love_60_do that with some help from online dating _61_or after meeting through dating apps. And modern arranged marriages_62_my own--are becoming more like love marriages. _63_ some estimates (估计n.），more than half of the marriages__64__around the world each year are arranged.They are the norm in India，__65_at least 90 percent of all marriages. The_66_also remains （提示56题）relatively common elsewhere in

South Asia, parts of Africa, the Middle East and East Asia.

60.

A) widely  B)quickly  

C) relatively D) increasingly 越来越多地

61.

A)couples   情侣/夫妇  B) services 服务 

C) supplies 供应          D)applicants 申请者

62.

A)explaining B)concluding 总结

C)including   D)excluding 除外

63.

A) According to B)Depending on

C) In spite of   D) In view of

64.

A)falling apart B)taking place 发生

C)breaking off D) taking shape

65.

A) counting B) comprising 组成

C) taking     D)making

66.

A) habit 习惯    B)norm 准则

C)system 系统 D) practice 做法

l believe that most people in communities_67_arranged marriages predominate still feel that parents and other_68__relatives are qualified to select marriage _69_. Some young Indians consider their parents as more_70__than they are about (与objective搭配） this big decision and more adept（精于...的) at spotting compatibility. In addition,arranged marriages_71_couples uphold维护 cultural and religious traditions that have_72_the test of time 经受住时间考验.Perhaps this explains_73_people in arranged

marriages tend to get divorced less frequently.

67.

A) what B) when C) which D) where （等于in which）

68.

A) tight 

B) close （close relative近亲，父母及其他近亲）

C) direct （direct relative【法律】直系亲属，过于严谨）

D) familiar

69.

A) parties 党派 B) partners 伴侣

C)parcels 包裹 D) patterns 模式

70.

A) objective 客观的 B) subjective 主观的

C) reliable 可靠的    D)probable 可能的

71.

A) set B) put C)help D) give

72.

A) took B) kept

C) stuck D) stood 经受住

73.

A) when B) where C) why D) how

Data _74_ divorce rates within countries for arranged and love marriage are hard to come by得到.But in the U.S.，between 40 and 50 percent of all marriages _75_ in （与end搭配）divorce. In India,the divorce rate for all marriages is about 1 percent and it's higher for love marriages than arranged ones there.

74.

A) comparing比较（比较国家间两种婚姻的离婚率）

B) suggesting建议 C) supporting支持  

D) contrasting对比（强调有大差别，但数据还未得到）

75.

A) finish  B) complete

C) end  （end in以...结尾）D) start

Section B-简答题（每题答案不超过10个单词）

Studies have shown that children from poor families have more difficulty in school than other boys and girls. Children with higher socioeconomic 社会经济的roots seem better prepared and perform better on school tests.

穷孩子在学业上会面临更多困难，条件好的孩子成绩更好

Now, American researchers may have found a biological reason生物学原因for that difference （指第一段提到的“不同”）. They found differences in the brains of students who had low standardized test scores.Their brains had less gray matter and their temporal lobes(大脑颞叶) developed more slowly than the other children. （76题：大脑具体的不同）The findings were reported in the journal JAMA Pediatrics.

Temporal lobes and gray matter are very important brain areas,says researcher Barbara Wolfe.She is a professor of economics, population health and public affairs at the University of Wisconsin at Madison.

The brain areas are "critical in the sense that they keep developing until individuals are well into their adolescence青春期 or early 20s, and critical关键的 in the sense that they are important for executive执行 function," she said.

Researchers studied brain images of nearly 400 children and young adults(77题).The youngest subjects 调查对象were four years old.The oldest were 22. Researchers looked for a connection between the person's socioeconomic status and his or her test results.(78题）

On average, young people from poor families had test scores between three and four points below what is expected for their age group.

The poorest students scored between 8 and 10 points below the developmental norm. Ms. Wolfe says there are several reasons （79题：成绩更差的原因，就是穷孩子所缺少的东西） why poorer students often have lower scores.One reason could be poor children do not get the food they need for healthy development. Poor parents are

less likely to stimulate their children's brains through talk,play,and activities. Ms. Wolfe also blames the "stress that parents face in trying to deal with poverty, putting food on the table." （内容较长，需加工）

The researchers say that up to 20% of the achievement gap, or difference in test performance, could be tied to poverty 与
“贫穷”有关.（80题）

Ms.Wolfe suggests early action may improve the brain development of children living in poverty. Reaching out to children when they are very young could help raise their test scores and academic performance when they are older.

She says that when the source of the deficit(逆差) is known, "these areas of the brain can be developed," she said."... It means that policies 政策can be developed that overcome this deficit." （这段并没有交代source是什么，要往前找）

76.What are the differences found in the brains of students performing poorly in test?

Less gray matter and temporal lobes developing more slowly.

77.Who are the subjects in the research?

400 children and young adults.

78.What do researchers tend to look for?

A connection between the person's socioeconomic status and test results.

一个人社会经济地位与测试成绩之间的联系。

79.According to Ms.Wolfe,what do poorer students lack缺少 for better scores?

Food and parents' stimulate to their brains.

80.What is the source of the deficit逆差?

Poverty.

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Modern Ways of Payment.You should write at least 120 words,and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:

1.很多人使用现代支付方式。

2.这些支付方式的好处。

3.这些支付方式的弊端。

答案略