高三英语 · 高考一轮·写作专题

二轮复习·第7周 · 含近年全国卷应用文与读后续写真题拆解及写作实战

一、知识点精讲

写作占高考英语 40 分（应用文 15 + 读后续写 25），是二轮提分的关键板块。本讲从"应用文交际语域"与"读后续写三步法"两个维度拆解。

1. 应用文：身份—结构—衔接三件套

交际语域：先定写信人身份（李华/校报编辑）与收信人关系，再定语气——对师长用 半正式、谦敬，对平辈用自然口吻。三段式：开门见山亮目的 → 分点展开 2–3 个信息点 → 礼貌收束（期待/感谢）。衔接：用 First of all / What's more / I'd appreciate it if 串起要点，避免要点堆砌。

2. 读后续写：读—析—续三步法

读：抓六要素（who/when/where/what/why/how），标出矛盾（problem）与伏笔。析：由段首句反推情节走向，确定情感基调与主题升华点。续：以动作链 + 情感线双线推进，用具体细节（语言/动作/心理）替代空泛抒情，与段首句无缝衔接。

二、高考真题分析

【真题1】(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·应用文·满分15)

假定你是校广播站英语节目"Talk and Talk"的负责人李华，请给外教 Caroline 写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容：1. 节目介绍；2. 访谈的时间和话题。词数 80 左右。

解析：身份=校广播站负责人，目的=邀请访谈；要点①介绍节目宗旨（帮助同学学英语），要点②约定周五 18:00–19:00、话题"如何学好英语"。半正式礼貌语气。

参考范文：Dear Caroline, I'm Li Hua, leader of the school radio station. I'm writing to invite you to an interview on our English program "Talk and Talk", which aims to help students improve their English. We'd like to interview you this Friday from 6:00 to 7:00 p.m., and the topic will be "How to Learn English Well". Many students are looking forward to your advice. I'd appreciate it if you could accept our invitation. Yours sincerely, Li Hua

要点：身份亮明 + 节目宗旨 + 时间话题 + 礼貌收束，四步齐全即满分骨架。

【真题2】(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·应用文·满分15)

你校英文报 Youth 正在庆祝创刊十周年，请写一篇短文投稿。内容：1. 读报经历；2. 喜爱的栏目；3. 期待和祝福。词数 80 左右，标题 Youth and Me。

解析：体裁是投稿短文（非信件），用第一人称回顾语调；三段对应三个要点，结尾自然落到祝福，避免生硬口号。

参考范文：Youth and Me — I began to read Youth when I entered senior high. Its articles, from campus life to global issues, have broadened my horizons. Among all the columns, "Cultural Corner" is my favorite because it introduces traditions worldwide. On its 10th anniversary, I wish Youth a brighter future and hope it will keep inspiring more readers.

要点：经历→栏目→祝福，三段式清晰即达标。

【真题3】(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写·满分25)

材料：善良的 Meredith 一家想帮助贫病交加的小男孩 Bernard。孩子们想出做爆米花义卖的主意。段首句①：When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one, too. 段首句②：With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business.

解析：主题=善意互助；矛盾=Bernard 家贫想挣钱；解决=做爆米花售卖。第一段续写全家支持、采购制作并教会 Bernard；第二段续写他外出售卖、赚到钱、学会独立与回报社会，呼应段首句。

参考续写：① When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one, too. They went to the supermarket, bought corn and paper bags, and made lots of popcorn at home. Then they brought it to Bernard's family and taught him how to sell it. Bernard and his parents were deeply grateful, and the children felt happy to help. ② With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. He went from house to house and sold all the popcorn. To be self-dependent, he asked Mrs. Meredith to teach him how to make it, even adding cream and salt to improve the taste. Years later, Bernard grew into a remarkable man who never forgot to help those in need.

得分点：动作链（采购→制作→售卖→自立）+ 主题升华（善意传递）。

【真题4】(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷·读后续写·满分25)

材料：留学生秋雨（Qiuyu）因中文名难发音，怕麻烦同学而停止纠正，却发现错失了分享文化身份的机会。段首句①：In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. 段首句②：Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class.

解析：主题=文化身份认同；矛盾=名字发音难、怕被嫌烦→转而隐藏；转折=课堂分享重建连接。第一段续写解释"秋雨"的诗意含义、同学好奇；第二段续写课后围观、文化桥梁建立。

参考续写：① In a class discussion, I was invited to explain the meaning of my name. I told the class that "Qiuyu" means "autumn rain" — a poetic image suggesting calm and nourishment. To my surprise, my classmates listened with curiosity instead of struggling with pronunciation. I wrote the characters on the board and explained how each stroke carried meaning. For the first time, I felt proud rather than awkward. ② Many of my classmates got interested and came up to me after class. They asked about other Chinese names and gently tried to pronounce "Qiuyu". Some shared the stories behind their own names. I realized that sharing a small part of my culture could build a bridge, not a barrier.

得分点：情感转折（尴尬→自豪）+ 主题词 bridge/barrier 点题。

三、模拟题解答

【模拟1·应用文】假定你是李华，你校"英语角"下周将举办"我最喜欢的中国传统节日"分享会，请你给外教 Smith 写邮件邀请他参加并做个简短发言。内容：1. 活动时间与地点；2. 请他分享一个英美节日。词数 80 左右。

解答：Dear Mr. Smith, I'm Li Hua. Our school English Corner will hold a sharing session "My Favorite Chinese Traditional Festival" next Friday afternoon in the school hall. I'm writing to invite you to join us and give a short talk. Could you please share one of your favorite British or American festivals and its customs? We'd love to learn from you. We're looking forward to your participation. Yours, Li Hua

范文要点：时间地点 + 邀请发言 + 礼貌期待，三段式完整。

【模拟2·读后续写】材料（原创）：雨夜一只小猫被遗留在路边，女孩发现了瑟瑟发抖的它……段首句①：The girl carefully picked up the shivering kitten. 段首句②：A week later, the kitten was no longer afraid of anyone.

解答：① The girl carefully picked up the shivering kitten. She wrapped it in her scarf and brought it home, feeding it warm milk. The kitten gradually stopped trembling and fell asleep in her arms. ② A week later, the kitten was no longer afraid of anyone. It played happily with the girl's family and even jumped onto the sofa to greet guests. The girl realized that a small act of kindness had brought a new member of joy into her home.

训练点：动作链（捡起→包裹→喂养→安睡）+ 情感落点（善意带来欢乐）。

四、同步学习建议

1. 应用文：每周写 2 篇不同体裁（邮件/投稿/申请），限时 12 分钟，写完后按"要点齐全 + 衔接自然 + 语域得当"三查。

2. 读后续写：先练"读—析"提取矛盾与伏笔，再练"续"的动作链；背诵 10 个通用衔接句（To my surprise / For the first time / Years later…）。

3. 语块积累：建立"交际语块本"（I'd appreciate it if / look forward to）与"情感动作语块本"（shiver / tremble / feel proud），考场上直接调用。

4. 下周预告：进入"七选五与完形"二轮提速训练，敬请关注本号更新。