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考向 51 应用文写作之祝贺信和报道类写作
祝贺信
【写作示例】
假定你是李华, 得知你的外国笔友Peter获得了“汉语桥”中文演讲比赛一等奖。你为他感到骄傲, 并给他
写一封祝贺信, 要点如下:
1. 天天练习讲汉语, 从不会到流利, 终于成功;
2. 继续努力, 有机会来中国留学;
3. 希望见面和交流。
注意: 1. 词数80左右。
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
参考词汇: “汉语桥”中文演讲比赛“Chinese Bridge” Chinese speech contest
【考场审题】
Step 1: 精准审题 谋篇布局
人称 第一人称 (I), 第二人称(you)
时态 一般现在时; 一般过去时
开头点题: 表达祝贺
段落布局: 主体段落: 成功的原因并进行鼓励
结尾: 再次表达祝贺
Step 2: 头脑风暴 字字珠玉
(1)美词: express my congratulations, opportunity, communicate
(2)佳句:
①As the saying goes, “Everything comes to him who waits”.
②Going on studying Chinese harder, you will have the opportunity to study in China.
Step 3: 斟酌词句 妙笔生花
要点1: 正如谚语所说: “成功属于有准备的人”。
一般表达: There is a saying going like this, “Everything comes to him who waits”.
句式升级(定语从句)
As the saying goes, “Everything comes to him who waits”.
要点2: 如果你继续努力学习汉语, 你就会有机会来中国学习。
一般表达:
If you go on studying Chinese harder, you will have the opportunity to study in China.句式升级(分词短语作状语)
Going on studying Chinese harder, you will have the opportunity to study in China.
Step 4: 衔接过渡 斐然成篇
【参考范文】
Dear Peter,
I would like to express my congratulations to you on your receiving the first prize of “Chinese Bridge” Chinese
speech contest.
I know that you were not good at Chinese at first. However, you practiced speaking Chinese every day. As the
saying goes, “Everything comes to him who waits”. Finally, you succeeded! In my mind, this match is very difficult
for a foreign student. So I’m so surprised that you become champion of this competition. Going on studying Chinese
harder, you will have the opportunity to study in China. At last, I hope to see you and communicate with you.
Sincere congratulations to you again!
Yours,
Li Hua
报道类
【写作示例】
假定你是李华, 上周日你校举办了5千米越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道, 内容包括:
1. 参加人员;
2. 跑步路线: 从校门口到南山脚下;
3. 活动反响。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式作答。
A Cross-Country Running Race
【考场审题】
Step 1: 精准审题 谋篇布局
人称 we时态 一般现在时, 现在完成时
开头点题: 点明越野赛的时间、参与人员和目的
段落布局 主体段落: 越野赛的过程
结尾: 表达参加越野赛的收获
Step 2: 头脑风暴 字字珠玉
(1)美词:
inspire sb. to do sth. , on the way, fall behind, keep running, build up, be of great importance
(2)佳句:
①It was all the students in Senior 3 who participated in it.
②Not only have we realized that building up our body is of great importance, but we have also learned more about
“persistence leads to success”.
Step 3: 斟酌词句 妙笔生花
要点1: 参赛者是我们高三全体学生。
一般表达:
All the students in Senior 3 took part in it.
句式升级(强调句式, 高级词汇)
It was all the students in Senior 3 who participated in it.
要点2: 我们不仅意识到了锻炼身体很重要, 还对“坚持就是胜利”体会更深了。
一般表达:
We have realized that building up our body is of great importance, and we have also learned more about “persistence
leads to success”.
句式升级(倒装结构)
Not only have we realized that building up our body is of great importance, but we have also learned more about
“persistence leads to success”.
Step 4: 衔接过渡 斐然成篇
【参考范文】
A Cross-Country Running Race
Last Sunday, our school held a five-kilometer cross-country running race. It was all the students in Senior 3 who
participated in it. The purpose of this race was to inspire us students to pay more attention to physical exercise.
At 7 a. m. we set off at the school gate. And then we ran all the way to the foot of South Hill. On the way,
although some students fell behind, they kept running until the finishing line.
From this activity, not only have we realized that building up our body is of great importance, but we have alsolearned more about “persistence leads to success”.
【检测训练】
1．假如你是李华，得知美国好友Eric已成功申请耶鲁大学（Yale University），现请你用英文给他写封电子邮
件向他表示祝贺，内容要点包括：
1.成功的祝贺；
2.努力的肯定；
3.未来的祝愿。
注意：
1、词数80左右；
2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【参考范文】
Dear Eric,
Learning that you have been admitted to Yale University, I’m writing to extend my heartfelt congratulations.
Undeniably, opportunities favor those who are well prepared. In the past three years, you’ve been exploring,
accumulating and progressing steadily in your study. Now your efforts have paid off. You’ve made it to your ideal
university. And I am sure, at Yale University where more chances will be available for you to exhibit your competence,
you will make even more remarkable achievements.
Congratulations again and best wishes for your bright future.
Yours
Li Hua
【写作步骤】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般将来时和现在完成时,少量现在完成进行时和一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 对他的成功表示祝贺；
2. 对他的努力表示肯定;3. 对他的未来表示祝愿。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
be admitted to; pay off; be available for sb. to do sth.; make even more achievements; best wishes for
第三步：连词成句
1. Learning that you have been admitted to Yale University, I’m writing to extend my heartfelt congratulations.
2. Undeniably, opportunities favor those who are well prepared.
3. In the past three years, you’ve been exploring, accumulating and progressing steadily in your study.
4. You’ve made it to your ideal university.
5. Congratulations again and best wishes for your bright future.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
本文主要使用了表并列补充关系的衔接词：and
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【写作亮点】
[高分句型1]. Undeniably, opportunities favor those who are well prepared. （由关系代词who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]. And I am sure, at Yale University where more chances will be available for you to exhibit your
competence, you will make even more remarkable achievements. （由关系副词where引导的定语从句）
2．假定你是李华，你观看了英国好朋友Leslie参加的学校演讲比赛直播，他的演讲“Success comes from Hard
Work”获得了一等奖。请你给他写一封祝贺信，内容包括：
1.表示祝贺。
2.评论及赞赏。
3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【参考范文】
Dear Leslie,
I really enjoyed watching your English speech competition on TV and I was delighted to see you win the first prize.
I am writing to convey my sincere congratulations to you.It did not surprise me at all when host announced you as the winner. It has always been your burning desire to be an
outstanding speaker, and you have been so industrious and perseverant to make your dream come true. As a famous
saying goes, “no pains, no gains”. Your hard work has now finally paid off. As you said in your speech, success really
does come from hard work.
Congratulations once again. I wish you further success in the future.
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作亮点】
[高级句型一]
Is was your effort and perseverance that made your dream come true. 是你的努力和毅力让你梦想成真。句中使用
了强调句型。
3．假定你是李华，你的堂兄李国强在美国留学，后来去苹果公司实习，最后婉拒公司的挽留，决定去华为技术
有限公司（Huawei Technologies Co. LTD）就职。请你根据下面提示给他写封邮件表示祝贺。
1.祝贺他学成回国；
2.华为在信息与通信技术（ICT）领域的地位；
3.你的感想。
Dear cousin,
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Yours sincerely,
Lihua
【参考范文】
Dear cousin,
I would like to express my congratulations to you on your successful graduation in the United States.
However, what shocked me most was that you even turned down Apple’s tempting offer and decided to return to
China and have already obtained the current job offer from Huawei Technologies co. LTD, which is the pioneer in
Information and Communications Technology currently.
To be honest, your spirit of patriotism touches me deeply. I believe that with your sensible choice, there will be
more oversea students like you to make their choices wisely . I am really proud of you, and you set a good example not
just to me but also the whole younger generation. We will see our Chinese enterprises becoming more and more
competitive internationally, and our motherland getting stronger than ever before.Faithfully yours,
Lihua
【写作亮点】
范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如 express congratulations
to sb. on…；shock；turn down；obtain；touch；sensible choice；make a choice；competitive；get stronger；be
proud of；set a good example等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如主语从句的运用和定语从句的运用
However, what shocked me most was that you even turned down Apple’s tempting offer and decided to return to China
and have already obtained the current job offer from Huawei Technologies co. LTD, which is the pioneer in Information
and Communications Technology currently.；there be句型的运用there will be more oversea students like you to make
their choices wisely；“see+宾语+现在分词作宾语补足语”的运用we will see our Chinese enterprises becoming
more and more competitive internationally等。
4．你校的体育节刚刚结束。请给学校英语报写一篇报道，报道体育节的主要活动、精彩瞬间及意义。
注意
1.词数100词左右；
2.可以通当增加细节，使文连贯；
3.报道的开头已为你写好，不入词数。
参考词汇:开幕式 opening ceremony 项目 item
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【参考范文】
The school sports carnival, which took place last Friday and Saturday, was a great success. The crowds cheer on
their classmates who took part in more than 10 exciting events.
The carnival started with an opening ceremony which included a student athlete march and dance performance by
our school’s street dance club. This was followed by the events themselves. Among the many great performances was Li
Hua’s win in the 1500-metre running race and QiQi’s dominant victory in the girls 100-metre race. Perhaps the biggest
cheer of the meet was for the students when they defeated the teachers in the tug-of-war competition.
After its conclusion, many students said they love the sports meet as it provided them with an opportunity to relax,demonstrate their sports abilities and build friendship and school spirit among the students.
【写作步骤】
第一步：审题
体裁：提纲类作文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时。
结构：总分法
要求：报道体育节的主要活动、精彩瞬间及意义。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
take place；cheer on；take part in；dominant；defeat；demonstrate
第三步：连词成句
1. The school sports carnival, which took place last Friday and Saturday, was a great success.
2. The crowds cheer on their classmates who took part in more than 10 exciting events.
3. The carnival started with an opening ceremony which included a student athlete march and dance performance by our
school’s street dance club.
4. This was followed by the events themselves.
5. Among the many great performances was Li Hua’s win in the 1500-metre running race and QiQi’s dominant victory in
the girls 100-metre race.
6. Perhaps the biggest cheer of the meet was for the students when they defeated the teachers in the tug-of-war
competition.
7. After its conclusion, many students said they love the sports meet as it provided them with an opportunity to relax,
demonstrate their sports abilities and build friendship and school spirit among the students.
第四步：连句成篇
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also),
including,
3.表转折对比关系：while, meanwhile, However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On
the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【写作亮点】
文章结构合理，思路清晰，使用了恰当的连接词及词组使行文连贯，如“which，who，after”，也运用了一些高级词汇和表达，如“take place；cheer on；take part in；dominant；defeat；demonstrate”以及定语从句、状语从句
等，增加了文章的亮点，体现了学生较高的英语学科素养。
5．假定你是校英语报的记者李华，上周日，你和班里的同学去参观了杭州科技馆，请写一则新闻报道报道, 内
容包括以下要点：
1.活动内容(至少两项）；
2.简短评论。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【参考范文】
Last Sunday, the students from Class 3 of our school went to visit the latest technology exhibition at the Hangzhou
Science and Technology Museum.
First of all, under the leadership of teachers and staff, the students entered the Biology Museum and saw a variety of
biological specimens, which surprised the students.After that, the students entered the Space Museum. Many students
experienced simulated Star Trek on the astronaut trainers.Finally, everyone came to the Robot Museum. Industrial robots
performed dancing, Beijing opera and played rock and roll for visitors.
Through personal experience, the students learned more about science in a relaxed environment, and had a better
understanding of the development of science and technology, which has enhanced their motivation to explore science.
【写作步骤】
1.词汇积累
新的：latest→ newly/freshly 领导：leadership → guide
各种各样的：a variety of → various/multifarious
亲身：personal→ in person
2.句式拓展
合并简单句原句：Finally, everyone came to the robot Museum. Industrial robots performed dancing, Beijing opera and played rock
and roll for visitors.
拓展句：Finally, everyone came to the robot Museum, where Industrial robots performed dancing, Beijing operaand
played rock and roll for visitors.
【写作亮点】
[高分句型1]Museum and saw a variety of biological specimens, which surprised the students.(使用which引导非限定
性定语从句。)
[高分句型2]Through personal experience, the students learned more about science in a relaxed environment, and had a
better understanding of the development of science and technology, which has enhanced their motivation to explore
science.(使用动名词understanding作宾语，which引导非限定性定语从句。)
6．假定你是李华，上周你学校邀请了几位专家来校做职业生涯规划的讲座，你作为学校英文报的记者写了一篇
报道，内容包括：讲座的目的、主要内容和同学的体会。
注意:
1．词数100左右。
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3．报道题目已给出，不计入总词数。
Set sail on career planning!
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【参考范文】
Set sail on career planning!
Last week, our school brought in some experts to give a series of lectures concerning career planning with the aim
of broadening students’ horizons and keeping them more exposed to the present-day society.
The lectures were mainly about the introductions of some professions, including law, medicine, public media and
finance. All the speakers, who were well-prepared and of humorous style, gave vivid and informative presentations to us.
Through analyzing the professional characteristics and outlook, they brought home to us what are the most important
qualities and abilities required by the job market. All present were attentive all the way and highly responsive by raising
questions in the Q&A section, which helped further clarify the puzzles they had about their future careers.The lectures have a positive and far-reaching effect on us high school students given that we are mostly ill-informed
of what is expected of us in the future society. Many students had a very positive feedback about the events, thinking that
these lectures unfolded many career possibilities for them. Besides, some students even suggested that field trips to
companies should be organized so that they can have a clearer picture of what many different careers really look like.
【写作步骤】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时和一般现在时。
结构：总分总法
要点：讲座的目的、主要内容和同学的体会。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
bring in；a series of；experts；lectures；career planning；with the aim of；broaden students’ horizons；exposed to；
present-day；the introductions of；public media；well-prepared；vivid；professional characteristics and outlook；the
most important；job market；all the way；Q&A section；raise questions；future careers；have a positive and far-
reaching effect on；ill-informed；feedback；field trips；so that；have a clearer picture of等
第三步：连词成句
1. Our school brought in some experts to give a series of lectures concerning career planning with the aim of broadening
students’ horizons and keeping them more exposed to the present-day society.
2. The lectures were mainly about the introductions of some professions, including law, medicine, public media and
finance.
3. All the speakers, who were well-prepared and of humorous style, gave vivid and informative presentations to us.
4. All present were attentive all the way and highly responsive by raising questions in the Q&A section, which helped
further clarify the puzzles they had about their future careers.
5. The lectures have a positive and far-reaching effect on us high school students given that we are mostly ill-informed of
what is expected of us in the future society.
6. Many students had a very positive feedback about the events, thinking that these lectures unfolded many career
possibilities for them.
7. Some students even suggested that field trips to companies should be organized so that they can have a clearer picture
of what many different careers really look like.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：and；besides；2.表因果关系：so that；given that等
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
【写作亮点】
范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多
主从复合句，如：Our school brought in some experts to give a series of lectures concerning career planning with the
aim of broadening students’ horizons and keeping them more exposed to the present-day society.使用了不定式作目的
状语、非谓语动词；The lectures were mainly about the introductions of some professions, including law, medicine,
public media and finance.使用了非谓语动词；All the speakers, who were well-prepared and of humorous style, gave
vivid and informative presentations to us.使用了who引导的非限制性定语从句；All present were attentive all the
way and highly responsive by raising questions in the Q&A section, which helped further clarify the puzzles they had
about their future careers.使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句；Some students even suggested that field trips to
companies should be organized so that they can have a clearer picture of what many different careers really look like.使
用了that引导的宾语从句（从句使用了虚拟语气）和so that引导的状语从句等，还使用了一些固定短语：a
series of；with the aim of；all the way；have a clearer picture of等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高
的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
