雅思听力精听跟读|考场真题Part 4:Heat Pump Technology 热泵技术与实地试验

01｜雅思听力真题：Part4：Heat Pump Technology

02｜参考答案汇总

31. homes32. solar33. experience34. boiler35. air

36. bacteria37. radiators38. training39. simple40. supervisor

03｜答案句精听 / 跟读 / 分析

先听答案句音频 → 看句子确认漏听点 → 跟读 → 回到全文复听。

发音标注：连读‿；弱读灰色to；省读/失爆/同化为蓝色t；意群停顿 /；

Q31 减排要关注哪个领域？

定位词 / 参考答案

定位：carbon dioxide emissions；energy；used in答案：homes

同义替换

used in → consumed inaround a quarter → approximately 25%

干扰项与易错点

很多同学拿题目上的25%定位，但是文章里替换成了around a quarter，没有反应过来的话就会跟丢了，另外定位到后要去找考点词consumed in的替换used in，后面就是答案homes，注意homes的复数发音

单词与短语表达

adopt a target　确立目标carbon emissions　碳排放a quarter of　四分之一的rather than　而不是

Q32 哪种绿色能源最受欢迎？

定位词 / 参考答案

定位：the most popular green energy；答案：solar

干扰项与易错点

most popular green energy定位出现后，插入了干扰项wind、biomass heating 和 ground heat，很多同学在这三个中间选了一个做答案填，尤其是wind，实际这些都只是范围中的例子，不是最后选出的“最受欢迎”的能源

单词与短语表达

at present　目前a range of　一系列；多种biomass heating　生物质供暖readily accepted　容易被接受的

Q33 为什么人们不愿投资热泵？

定位词 / 参考答案

同义替换

limited experience → lack of experiencereluctant to invest → little investment

干扰项与易错点

听到同位 UK 后马上开始注意听考点词 lack 的替换词limited，后面修饰的experience就是答案了。这里的 experience 表示使用经验，不加复数 s。

单词与短语表达

field trial　现场试验；实地试验relatively new　相对较新的be reluctant to do　不情愿做某事invest in　投资于

Q34 热泵和什么设备用途相同？

定位词 / 参考答案

定位：the same reason；答案：boiler

同义替换

used for the same reason → serve the same purpose

干扰项与易错点

这题前面有个 a，预判是个单数名词，同学们可能会下意识注意听 a 后面的词，所以可能误填fuel，另外还要注意boiler的拼写

单词与短语表达

boiler　锅炉heat source　热源central heating　集中供暖domestic hot water　生活热水

Q35 热量主要来自地下或哪里？

定位词 / 参考答案

定位：Most heat pumps；either … or ；the ground 答案：air

同义替换

ground → earthtake heat from → get heat from

干扰项与易错点

考并列关系，注意并列对象就是考点词，可能会被替换，不要只注意听原词，而这里earth就被换成了ground。紧接着后面还有一组并列ponds or rivers是纯干扰项。

单词与短语表达

either … or …　……或……ground　地面；地下pond　池塘occasionally　偶尔

Q36 为什么要把水加热到60℃？

定位词 / 参考答案

定位：sixty degrees centigrade；kill off答案：bacteria

同义替换

kill off → destroy

干扰项与易错点

定位到 60°C后注意听考点词destroy的替换词kill off。另外注意bacteria本身就是复数，不要写成 bacterias，还有其拼写也是很多同学的易错点。

单词与短语表达

cylinder　圆筒形储水罐periodically　定期地kill off　杀死；消灭immersion heater　浸入式加热器

Q37 试验监测了哪两类供暖系统？

定位词 / 参考答案

定位：central heating systems；monitored；and；underfloor答案：radiators

干扰项与易错点

考并列关系时候注意听题目给出的并列对象，这题 underfloor 没有替换还是比较容易找到答案，就是要注意 radiators 的拼写和复数s

单词与短语表达

radiator　散热器；暖气片underfloor heating　地暖increasingly popular　越来越受欢迎的

Q38 安装人员需要什么改进？

定位词 / 参考答案

定位：installations；need for；better答案：training

同义替换

better training → improved trainingfitted the heat pump → pump-fitting technique

干扰项与易错点

在定位到 installations 后，也听到了 fitting，很多同学会着急写答案，但是还没有出考点词 improved 的替换词，在下一句里才出现了另个定位 need for，以及考点词improved的替换词 better，所以答案是后面的 training

单词与短语表达

sensitive　对条件敏感的fit the heat pump　安装热泵emphasize the need for　强调对……的需要be involved in　参与

Q39 什么样的设计表现更好？

定位词 / 参考答案

定位：designs；more efficient答案：simple

同义替换

designs which were simple → simple designswere more efficient → performed best

干扰项与易错点

先要预判这里可能填形容词，修饰 designs，听到 designs 后注意听 performed best 替换词，通常考点词带比较关系，替换词也会带，这里替换成了 more efficient

单词与短语表达

in most cases　在大多数情况下efficient　效率高的manufacturer　制造商bear in mind　记住；考虑到

Q40 谁来统筹整个安装过程？

定位词 / 参考答案

定位：appointed；oversee；responsible；the whole installation答案：supervisor

同义替换

oversee and be responsible for → coordinate

干扰项与易错点

预判这个空是个单数名词，很多同学会注意听 a 的后面，结果这里有很多 带 a 的干扰项“plumber、installer 和  contractor” ，重点要找的是 考点词 coordinate ，也就是找是谁来协调全程，这里另个难点是coordinate的替换词oversee很多同学不认识导致无法辨析出答案，还有就是 supervisor 的拼写问题。

单词与短语表达

in sufficient detail　足够详细地plumber　水管工appoint a supervisor　指定一名主管oversee　监督；统筹be responsible for　对……负责

04｜完整原文

I'm going to talk about a field trial that was carried out on heat pumps. But first, some background. The UK has adopted a very ambitious target for reducing carbon emissions. Twenty-seven percent of British carbon dioxide emissions come from the energy used in homes, so around a quarter of all reductions must also come from that sector rather than industry.

So it's not surprising that the government, private companies, and independent agencies have been looking into green energy alternatives. At present, the most popular green energy from a range which includes wind, biomass heating, and ground heat is solar. This has been the most readily accepted by the public.

However, the field trial I've looked at researched heat pump technology. Heat pump technology is relatively new to the UK market, and because there is such limited experience of this technology, people have been reluctant to invest in it. So a field trial was needed to monitor this in a sample of heat pumps in real situations.

The heat pumps in this trial are used for the same reason you'd use a boiler, but rather than burning a fuel to produce heat, they move heat from a low temperature heat source and pump it to a higher temperature, where it can be used to provide central heating or domestic hot water.

Most heat pumps take heat from either the ground or the air, but water from ponds or rivers may occasionally be used. The general advice in the UK is that the temperature of the hot water stored in a cylinder should be periodically put up to sixty degrees centigrade to kill off bacteria.

It is sometimes necessary to use an electric immersion heater to achieve this temperature, as most heat pump installations will be designed to produce domestic hot water at temperatures between fifty and fifty-five degrees centigrade.

For this field trial, eighty-three UK sites were monitored, and they provided a wide spectrum of performance results, even in installations that seemed similar. Some installations performed as well as heat pumps studied in European field trials, but many failed to meet these levels.

This field trial monitored two central heating systems, radiators, and the increasingly popular underfloor systems.

The observations of the field trial led to some key conclusions. One was that heat pumps are sensitive pieces of equipment. In some of the early installations, there were problems because the engineers hadn't fitted the heat pump correctly. This observation emphasizes the need for better training for everyone involved in the installation. Many different systems were monitored in the field trial, and it was found that in most cases, designs which were simple were more efficient. So this is something which both pump manufacturers and installers should bear in mind.

Many customers mistakenly came to the conclusion that their system wasn't working as well as they'd expected. However, when this was further investigated, it was found that they had not realized how to regulate the controls properly. There had been a failure to explain this insufficient detail to the householders, and it was often the case that for the installation, all sorts of workmen might be involved. For example, a groundworks contractor, a plumber, a heat pump installer, and an electrician. It was obvious that a supervisor should be appointed to oversee and be responsible for the whole installation.

So what are the implications of this technology on a wider...

05｜本篇词汇与短语汇总

field trial　现场试验；实地试验

carbon emissions　碳排放

green energy alternatives　绿色能源替代方案

be reluctant to do　不情愿做某事

invest in　投资于

boiler　锅炉

heat source　热源

central heating　集中供暖

domestic hot water　生活热水

cylinder　圆筒形储水罐

periodically　定期地

kill off　杀死；消灭

immersion heater　浸入式加热器

radiator　散热器；暖气片

underfloor heating　地暖

installation　安装；安装的系统

efficient　效率高的

bear in mind　记住；考虑到

regulate the controls　调节控制装置

supervisor　主管；监督人员