【高中英语这样学】【回归课本】外研社|选修三|Unit 5: Learning from nature|词汇学习

学习重点

Ø词汇学习

Ø语法：Review: non-finite forms as subject, object and predicative

Ø口语&写作：Write about a lesson from nature & Make a speech on the topic ‘Nature is our best teacher’

词汇学习

名词 n.

lotus 莲花，荷花

例句：The white lotus stands for purity in traditional Chinese culture.

译文：在中国传统文化中，白莲花象征纯洁。

termite 白蚁

例句：Termites can cause severe damage to wooden buildings.

译文：白蚁会对木质建筑造成严重破坏。

mound 土堆，土丘

例句：Ants built a small mound at the corner of the garden.

译文：蚂蚁在花园角落筑起一座小土丘。

algae 藻类（植物）

例句：Green algae grow fast in warm pond water.

译文：绿藻在温暖的池塘水中生长迅速。

pine cone 松果，松球

例句：Squirrels collect pine cones for food in winter.

译文：松鼠冬天收集松果当作食物。

tile 瓦片

例句：Broken tiles on the roof need to be replaced before rainy seasons.

译文：屋顶破损的瓦片需要在雨季来临前更换。

architect 建筑师

例句：The young architect designed several environmentally‑friendly houses.

译文：这位年轻建筑师设计了数栋环保房屋。

waterfront 滨水地区

例句：Many citizens enjoy taking walks along the city’s waterfront.

译文：很多市民喜欢沿着城市滨水地区散步。

promenade 滨海步行道

例句：Tourists took photos while wandering along the seaside promenade.

译文：游客一边沿着滨海步行道闲逛，一边拍照。

plumbing 管道系统

例句：We have to check the building’s plumbing for hidden risks.

译文：我们必须检查大楼的管道系统排查隐患。

biomimicry 仿生学

例句：Biomimicry inspires humans to invent new machines by copying nature.

译文：仿生学启发人类模仿大自然发明新机器。

dioxide 二氧化物

例句：Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas.

译文：二氧化碳是主要的温室气体。

frontier （学科的）知识前沿

例句：Scientists keep exploring the frontiers of medical research.

译文：科学家持续探索医学研究的知识前沿。

pond 池塘

例句：A group of frogs are jumping around in the small pond.

译文：一群青蛙在小池塘里四处蹦跳。

wisdom 智慧

例句：We can gain much wisdom from ancient folk stories.

译文：我们可以从古代民间故事收获很多智慧。

bat 蝙蝠

例句：Bats mainly rely on sound signals to move in darkness.

译文：蝙蝠主要依靠声信号在黑暗中活动。

echo‑location 回声定位

例句：Bats make use of echo‑location to hunt for food at night.

译文：蝙蝠利用回声定位在夜间捕猎。

radar 雷达

例句：Radar plays an important role in weather forecasting.

译文：雷达在天气预报中发挥重要作用。

swimsuit 游泳衣

例句：She bought a new swimsuit for the coming summer vacation.

译文：她为即将到来的暑假买了一件新泳衣。

dragonfly 蜻蜓

例句：Dragonflies are good at catching small flying insects.

译文：蜻蜓擅长捕捉小飞虫。

drone 无人驾驶飞机

例句：Farmers use drones to sow seeds over large fields.

译文：农民使用无人机在大片田地里播种。

spider 蜘蛛

例句：The spider spins fine webs to trap insects.

译文：蜘蛛织细密的网捕捉昆虫。

physician 医生；内科医师

例句：The experienced physician gave him practical health advice.

译文：经验丰富的内科医生给了他实用的健康建议。

cottage 乡村小屋

例句：They spent their holiday in a quiet cottage in the rural area.

译文：他们在乡下一间安静的乡村小屋度过假期。

mulberry 桑葚；桑树

例句：We picked fresh mulberry under the old mulberry tree.

译文：我们在老桑树下采摘新鲜桑葚。

purity 纯洁；洁净

例句：Many poets praise the purity of the mountain spring water.

译文：很多诗人赞颂山泉水的洁净。

ease 舒适，悠闲

例句：Living in the countryside brings him great ease of mind.

译文：乡村生活带给他内心极大的闲适。

fulfilment 满足（感）

例句：Helping others gives her a strong sense of fulfilment.

译文：帮助他人带给她强烈的满足感。

动词 v.

mimic 模仿

例句：Some birds can mimic sounds they hear in the wild.

译文：有些鸟类可以模仿野外听到的声音。

convert 使转变；使转换

例句：Solar panels convert sunlight into electric energy.

译文：太阳能板把阳光转换成电能。

sow 播（种）

例句：Local farmers sow wheat seeds in the early autumn.

译文：当地农民在初秋播种小麦。

employ 使用，运用

例句：Writers often employ vivid metaphors in their articles.

译文：作家常在文章中运用生动的比喻。

bow 鞠躬

例句：People bow to show respect for the old tradition.

译文：人们鞠躬来表达对古老传统的敬意。

withdraw 退出

例句：He decided to withdraw from the competition for personal reasons.

译文：因为个人原因，他决定退出这场比赛。

depart 离开

例句：Most trains will depart from this platform before noon.

译文：大多数列车会在中午之前从这个站台发车离开。

resign 使自己顺从于（做）某事；安于

例句：She resigned herself to the fact that she could not change the result.

译文：她安于自己无法改变结果这一现实。

reject 拒绝接受

例句：The committee rejected his suggestion for lack of practical value.

译文：委员会因为缺乏实际价值拒绝接受他的提议。

attain 得到，获得

例句：You can attain your goals through continuous efforts.

译文：通过不懈努力，你能够获得你追求的目标。

evaluate 评估，评价

例句：Teachers will evaluate students’ performance from different aspects.

译文：教师会从不同角度评估学生的表现。

形容词 adj.

superb 极好的，出色的

例句：We watched a superb performance given by young musicians.

译文：我们观看了年轻音乐家一场极为出色的演出。

domestic 驯养的；家养的

例句：Cats and dogs are common domestic animals worldwide.

译文：猫和狗是全世界常见的家养动物。

depressive 抑郁的

例句：Long‑time pressure may lead to depressive feelings.

译文：长期压力会带来抑郁的情绪。

reluctant 不情愿的；勉强的

例句：He was reluctant to admit that he had made a mistake.

译文：他不情愿承认自己犯了错误。

botanical 植物（学）的

例句：We visited a large botanical garden during the field trip.

译文：实地研学期间，我们参观了大型植物园。

rural 农村的，乡村的

例句：More young people choose to work and live in rural villages.

译文：越来越多年轻人选择在乡村工作生活。

decent 可接受的，相当好的

例句：He got a decent job after graduating from college.

译文：大学毕业后，他找到了一份相当不错的工作。

副词 adv.

superficially 表面（上）地

例句：The two plans look similar superficially, but they differ greatly in essence.

译文：这两个计划表面看起来相似，本质却相差甚远。

deliberately 不慌不忙地，从容不迫地

例句：The old artist deliberately explained every step of the painting.

译文：老艺术家从容不迫地讲解绘画的每一步。

介词 prep.

atop 在……顶上

例句：A little bird stood atop the ancient stone tower.

译文：一只小鸟站在古老石塔的顶上。

短语词组

take…for granted 认为……理所当然

例句：We should never take clean fresh water for granted.

译文：我们绝不应该把洁净的淡水视作理所当然。

seek solutions to 寻求解决方法

例句：Scientists keep seeking solutions to environmental problems.

译文：科学家不断为环境问题寻求解决方法。

take inspiration from 从……中获取灵感

例句：The designer takes inspiration from natural plants.

译文：这位设计师从自然界植物中获取灵感。

at ease with 不拘束，放松

例句：She feels at ease with her close friends around her.

译文：身边有好友相伴时，她感到放松不拘束。

📝自测题

一、英译汉

1.architect ________

2.mimic ________

3.biomass（无，biomimicry）biomimicry ________

4.convert ________

5.frontier ________

6.domestic ________

7.reluctant ________

8.depart ________

9.attain ________

10.evaluate ________

11.superb ________

12.deliberately ________

13.atop ________

14.take…for granted ________________________

15.seek solutions to ________________________

16.take inspiration from ________________________

17.at ease with ________________________

二、汉译英

1.白蚁________

2.土堆，土丘________

3.瓦片________

4.滨水地区________

5.管道系统________

6.池塘________

7.智慧________

8.无人驾驶飞机________

9.乡村小屋________

10.纯洁，洁净________

11.满足感________

12.退出________

13.拒绝接受________

14.安于，顺从于________

15.植物学的________

16.农村的，乡村的________

三、句子翻译

英译中

1.We ought not to take the peace we enjoy for granted.

2.Many modern inventions take inspiration from creatures in nature.

中译英

1.这位建筑师从仿生学中获取设计灵感。

2.他不情愿退出项目，但安于已经发生的现实。

✅参考答案+解析

一、英译汉

1.建筑师

2.模仿

3.仿生学

4.使转变；使转换

5.（学科的）知识前沿

6.驯养的；家养的

7.不情愿的；勉强的

8.离开

9.得到，获得

10.评估，评价

11.极好的，出色的

12.不慌不忙地，从容不迫地

13.在……顶上

14.认为……理所当然

15.寻求解决方法

16.从……中获取灵感

17.不拘束，放松

二、汉译英

1.termite

2.mound

3.tile

4.waterfront

5.plumbing

6.pond

7.wisdom

8.drone

9.cottage

10.purity

11.fulfilment

12.withdraw

13.reject

14.resign

15.botanical

16.rural

三、句子翻译

英译中

1.我们不应当把我们享有的和平视作理所当然。

2.很多现代发明从自然界生物身上获取灵感。

中译英

1.The architect takes inspiration from biomimicry.

2.He was reluctant to withdraw from the project, but resigned himself to the reality.