27考研英语大小作文模板手册【必背】万能模板+真题解析

Part 0  考场操作总流程（必看）

一、时间分配（总分 30 分，建议 50 分钟写完）

• 小作文 Part A（10 分）：15–18 分钟。审题 2 分钟 → 套模板 10 分钟 → 检查 3 分钟。

• 大作文 Part B（英一 20 分 / 英二 15 分）：30–35 分钟。审题 3 分钟 → 三段写作 25 分钟 → 检查 5 分钟。

二、考场三步法

第 1 步：判断题型（看 Directions 里的动词 + 图画/图表）。

第 2 步：从本手册调出对应骨架，把 [ ] 里的内容换成题目给的主题词。

第 3 步：数字数（小作文 100 词左右；英一大作文 160–200 词；英二大作文 150 词以上），不够就从"万能理由库"再抽一句补上。

三、字数自检口诀

• 小作文：称呼 1 行 + 三段 8–10 行 + 落款 2 行。

• 英一大作文：第一段 5–6 行（描图）+ 第二段 11–12 行（论证）+ 第三段 4–5 行（结尾）。

• 英二大作文：第一段 6–7 行（描图）+ 第二段 10–11 行（原因）+ 第三段 2–3 行（预测）。

Part 1  小作文万能模板（英一英二通用，100 词）

一、格式硬规矩（写错直接扣分）

1. 称呼顶格写，后加逗号，如 Dear Sir or Madam,

2. 正文每段开头缩进 4 个字母；第一段不写日期。

3. 落款在右下角，两行：第一行 Yours sincerely,  第二行 Li Ming。

4. 不要写真名、不要写地址、不要写标题（书信类）。

5. 通知类（Notice / Announcement）：标题居中、正文不缩进、右下角写单位 + 日期。

二、书信万能三段骨架（所有类型通用）

【第 1 段 2–3 句】 自我介绍 + 写信目的

Dear [Sir or Madam / Professor Wang / my dear friend],

I am Li Ming, a senior student majoring in Chinese Language and Literature.

I am writing this letter to [make some suggestions on… / invite you to… / recommend… / extend my sincere gratitude / make a sincere apology / convey my warmest congratulations / make a complaint about…].

【译】尊敬的[ ]，我是中文系大四学生李明。我写此信的目的是[ ]。

【第 2 段 4–5 句】 总起 + 分点（按题目提纲写 2–3 点）

The details are as follows. To begin with, [提纲一改写]. In addition, [提纲二改写]. Last but not least, [提纲三改写].

【译】详情如下。首先[ ]；此外[ ]；最后[ ]。

【第 3 段 2 句】 感谢 + 期待回复

Thank you for your time and consideration. I would be much obliged if you could take my letter into account / reply at your earliest convenience.

【译】感谢您抽出时间。如能尽早回复，我将不胜感激。

                                                                  Yours sincerely,

                                                                  Li Ming

————————————————————————————————————————

三、9 大类型专属"替换句"（背这 9 组即可）

① 建议信（考频最高，英一 6 次 / 英二 5 次）

I am writing to offer some practical suggestions on how to [improve students’ physical condition / reduce food waste].

In my humble opinion, you would be wise to take the following actions. To begin with, it is advisable to [arrange more PE classes / hold a monthly sports meeting]. In addition, the university ought to [extend the opening hours of the gym]. Last but not least, we students ourselves should [set aside at least half an hour for exercise every day].

I hope you will find these proposals helpful and practical. I am looking forward to your early reply.

【译】我写信就[ ]提出几点建议。依我之见，您不妨采取以下行动：首先[ ]；此外学校应[ ]；最后我们学生自己也应[ ]。希望这些建议有用，盼复。

② 邀请信

It is my great privilege to invite you to attend [an English speech contest / a campus culture festival] and deliver a keynote speech.

The event is scheduled to be held in [the Student Activity Center] on [Friday, December 20, 2026], from 2 pm to 5 pm. As one of the most respected experts in this field, your presence would surely bring us immense inspiration. We would be greatly honored if you could spare the time.

We would be looking forward to your participation. Please let us know your decision before [December 10].

【译】很荣幸邀请您出席[ ]并做主旨演讲。活动定于[时间地点]举行。作为本领域最受尊敬的专家之一，您的出席将给我们巨大鼓舞。期待您的参与，请于[ ]前告知是否方便。

③ 推荐信 / 介绍信

I am writing to recommend [a book named The Old Man and the Sea / the ancient city of Pingyao / my classmate Zhang Wei] to you, which I believe will meet your expectations perfectly.

The reasons are as follows. First and foremost, it is widely recognized as one of the most [inspiring / time-honored / well-crafted] works of its kind. In addition, it offers readers not only [entertainment] but also profound insights into [perseverance / traditional Chinese culture]. Last but not least, its language is graceful yet accessible, which makes it ideal for English learners.

I do hope you will enjoy it. Please feel free to contact me if you have any further questions.

【译】我写信向您推荐[ ]，相信它一定符合您的期待。理由如下：首先它是同类中公认的杰作；其次它不仅带来[ ]，更让人领悟到[ ]；最后其语言优美易懂，特别适合英语学习者。希望您喜欢，有问题随时联系。

④ 感谢信

I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for your generous help during [my preparation for the postgraduate entrance examination / my stay in London].

But for your timely assistance, I would not have [overcome the difficulty / finished the task so smoothly]. Your patient guidance and thoughtful encouragement have left me a lasting impression. I do hope to have the chance to repay your kindness when it is convenient for you.

Again, please accept my heartfelt thanks. I am looking forward to seeing you soon.

【译】我写信对您在[ ]期间的慷慨帮助表示诚挚谢意。若不是您及时相助，我不可能[ ]。您耐心的指导与鼓励令我铭记于心。希望有机会报答您的善意。再次致谢，盼早日相见。

⑤ 道歉信

I am writing to make a sincere apology to you, for I cannot [keep the appointment / return the book on time] as planned.

The reason is that [I was suddenly required to attend an urgent group meeting / I fell seriously ill yesterday]. I am truly sorry for any inconvenience this may have caused. To make up for it, I wonder if we could [make it another time, say, next Saturday morning / send the book back by express post this weekend].

I hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation. Looking forward to your reply.

【译】我写信向您致歉，因为我无法按计划[ ]。原因是[ ]。对此造成的不便我深表歉意。作为补偿，不知我们可否[ ]？希望您能接受我的道歉并理解我的处境，盼复。

⑥ 祝贺信

I am delighted to hear that you have [been admitted to your dream university / won the first prize in the national English contest]. I am writing to convey my warmest congratulations to you.

Your achievement is well deserved — it is the fruit of years of your painstaking efforts and perseverance. I sincerely hope that you will continue to pursue higher goals and scale new heights in the future. As the saying goes, "Every finish line is a new starting line."

Congratulations again. Wish you all the best in your future endeavors.

【译】得知你[ ]我非常高兴，谨致最热烈的祝贺。你的成就是多年努力与坚持的结果，实至名归。希望你继续追求更高目标。正如常言道"终点即是新起点"。再次祝贺，祝未来一切顺利。

⑦ 投诉信

I am writing to express my disappointment and dissatisfaction with [the electronic dictionary I bought from your online store last month / the service I received during my stay in your hotel].

The problems are as follows. To begin with, [the device broke down only one week after I bought it], which has seriously affected my study. In addition, I have contacted your customer service twice, but no effective solution has been provided so far. I would appreciate it very much if you could [refund my money / send me a new replacement] as soon as possible.

I trust that you will take this matter seriously and give me a proper reply at your earliest convenience.

【译】我写信对[ ]表示不满。问题如下：首先[ ]，严重影响了我的[ ]；此外我已联系客服两次，但未获解决。希望您能尽快[退款/换货]。相信您会认真对待此事并尽早回复。

⑧ 通知（Notice，英一 4 次 / 英二 2 次）

                              Notice

To [enrich students’ after-school life / recruit volunteers for the international conference], the Students’ Union is organizing [an English speech contest / a one-month volunteer program].

The details are as follows. First, the event will take place in [the University Hall] on [December 25, 2026], from 9 am to 12 am. Second, volunteers should [be fluent in spoken English, outgoing, and cooperative]. Last but not least, those with prior experience will be preferred, and outstanding volunteers will be awarded [certificates and a small scholarship].

Those who are interested are welcome to sign up with your monitor before [December 15]. We sincerely look forward to your participation.

                                                                  The Students’ Union

                                                                  December 1, 2026

【译】通知：为[ ]，学生会将举办[ ]。详情：时间地点[ ]；要求[ ]；奖励[ ]。有意者请于[ ]前向班长报名。期待参与。落款：学生会，日期。

⑨ 会议纪要 / 备忘录（2025 新大纲新增，备用）

Subject: Preparation for the Annual Food Fair

Time: 9:00 am – 11:30 am, December 20, 2026

Location: Conference Room 301, Library Building

Attendees: Professor Smith, Mr. Wang (Dean), and members of the Students’ Union

The meeting reviewed the preparations and reached the following decisions. First, the fair will open on January 10, 2027. Second, three keynote speeches will be arranged. Third, volunteer recruitment will start next Monday.

Submitted by: Li Ming       Date: December 20, 2026

【译】主题：年度美食节筹备；时间地点参会人如上；会议审议并决定：时间、发言、志愿者安排。提交人李明，日期。

Part 2  英语一大作文模板（图画作文，160–200 词）

一、审题四步法（动笔前 3 分钟做完）

Step 1 看图画下方有没有标题——有就直接翻译，主旨基本确定。

Step 2 看图中人物有没有对话 / 旁白 / 内心独白——引号里的话往往就是主旨。

Step 3 一幅图：找中心人物 → 地点 → 神情 → 动作 → 周边事物。两幅图：先左后右。

Step 4 判断题旨是"正面品质 / 负面现象 / 双刃剑"，决定第三段用哪一套结尾。

二、P1 图画描述段（5–6 行，只描不评）

▶ 单图（一幅画）：

This vivid drawing presents a thought-provoking scene: in the [middle of the classroom / at the foot of a mountain], there [stands / sits / lies] a young man, [staring at his smartphone / sweating and struggling to climb], with [a huge pile of books beside him / a signpost reading "the finishing line" in the distance]. The caption below the picture reads, "[把图画标题抄在这里]".

【译】这幅生动的画呈现了一个发人深省的场景：在[地点]，[位置]着一个年轻人，他正[动作/表情]，旁边有[周边事物]。图下标题写着"[ ]"。

▶ 双图（左右对比）：

Two instructive drawings unfold before us. In the first picture, [图一人物 + 动作 + 状态], whereas in the second picture, the same person [图二人物 + 动作 + 状态]. The caption informs us that "[标题]".

【译】两幅有教育意义的图画映入眼帘。左图中[ ]，而右图中同一人却[ ]。标题告诉我们"[ ]"。

★ 描图段铁律：① 不许评论（important / should 这类词全删）；② 用介词倒装句"On the ground stands…"加分；③ 字数不够就加一个 with 伴随状语。

三、P2 主旨论证段（11–12 行，核心得分段）

【段首主旨句】

Simple as the picture looks, it conveys a thought-provoking message: [主题词，如 perseverance / the importance of cooperation / the phenomenon of waste on campus] is of far-reaching significance in today’s society. The reasons can be listed as follows.

【译】图画看似简单，却传递了一个发人深省的信息：[ ]在当今社会意义深远。原因如下。

【万能理由库① — 经济科技】（任何题都能用）

To begin with, the rapid economic and technological development of China over the past decades has laid a solid material foundation for ordinary people to [pursue their personal interests / pay more attention to spiritual well-being].

【译】首先，中国过去几十年经济科技的飞速发展，为普通人[追求个人兴趣 / 关注精神生活]打下了坚实的物质基础。

【万能理由库② — 社会风气 / 观念】

Moreover, a subtle shift in social values has taken place. People used to [regrieve money / focus solely on academic scores], whereas nowadays an increasing number of individuals come to realize that [health / creativity / a balanced life] matters far more.

【译】其次，社会观念悄然转变。过去人们[看重金钱 / 只盯分数]，而如今越来越多人意识到[健康 / 创造力 / 平衡的生活]才更重要。

【万能理由库③ — 媒体 / 政策】

Furthermore, mass media — newspapers, magazines and the Internet alike — have been vigorously promoting the idea that what truly counts is not [the opposite side] but [the theme word], which has gradually shaped public behavior.

【译】此外，大众媒体一直在大力宣传：真正重要的不是[反面]，而是[主题词]，这逐渐塑造了公众行为。

【万能理由库④ — 个人 + 名人例子】

Last but not least, a convincing example is [Yuan Longping / Tu Youyou / a close friend of mine], who [devoted his whole life to hybrid rice research / persisted in repeated failures for decades] and finally achieved world-renowned success. This best proves that [主题词] paves the way to a brilliant future.

【译】最后，一个有说服力的例子是[袁隆平/屠呦呦/我的一位好友]，他[毕生致力于杂交水稻研究 / 在数十年反复失败中坚持]，最终取得举世瞩目的成就。这证明了[主题词]是通向光明未来的铺路石。

★ 写法：4 条理由挑 2–3 条写，第一条必写①经济科技，第二条写②或③，第三条写④名人例子。用 To begin with / Moreover / Last but not least 串起来。

四、P3 总结建议段（4–5 行，按题旨三选一）

▶ 正面品质（坚持、合作、乐观、读书）：

In conclusion, [主题词] is indeed of great essence. Life is like a voyage on the sea: storms and reefs are inevitable, but as long as we [keep a positive attitude / stick to our goal], our ship will never sink. Let us join hands and embrace a brighter future.

【译】总之，[主题词]至关重要。人生如航海，风浪难免，但只要我们[ ]，航船永不沉没。让我们携手拥抱更光明的未来。

▶ 负面现象（浪费、造假、过度依赖手机、拖延）：

In conclusion, the current situation is thought-provoking and demands immediate action. It is imperative that the authorities launch wide-ranging education campaigns to raise public awareness, and that every one of us starts from small things. Only in this way can we reverse the grim trend.

【译】总之，现状发人深省，需立即行动。有关部门应开展广泛教育活动提高公众意识，我们每个人也应从小事做起。只有这样才能扭转严峻趋势。

▶ 双刃剑（网络、智能手机、远程办公、人工智能）：

In conclusion, [主题词] is like a double-edged sword. If we are armed with wisdom and self-discipline, we can surely make the best of its advantages while steering clear of its potential drawbacks.

【译】总之，[ ]是把双刃剑。若我们用智慧与自律武装自己，就能扬长避短。

Part 3  英语二大作文模板（图表作文，150 词以上）

一、审题三步法

Step 1 看表头标题，确定图表讲的是什么主题（如：某市居民春节花销比例）。

Step 2 判动态 / 静态：

· 有 ≥3 个时间点（折线图 / 柱状图）→ 动态图，写趋势；

· 只有 1 个时间点或纯比例（饼图 / 单年柱状图）→ 静态图，写极值。

Step 3 横纵坐标单位看清楚（%、亿、万人、岁），数字别抄错。

二、P1 图表描述段（6–7 行）

【段首句】

The chart above clearly illustrates [the statistics concerning / the changes in] [主题，如 the consumption of residents during the Spring Festival in a certain city].

【译】上述图表清晰展示了[某市春节期间居民消费]的相关数据。

▶ 动态图（多年变化，折线图 / 柱状图）：

As can be seen, the number of [A] increased dramatically from only [约 X] in [起始年] to [约 Y] in [结束年]. Meanwhile, the figure for [B] witnessed a steady rise / slight decline over the same period, [from X to Y]. By contrast, the number of [C] remained stable at around [Z].

【译】如图所示，[A]的数量从[起始年]的约[X]急剧上升至[结束年]的[Y]。同期[B]稳步上升 / 小幅下降，从[X]到[Y]。相比之下，[C]稳定在约[Z]。

▶ 两年对比柱状图：

In [第一年], [B] topped the list, accounting for [X]%. However, in [第二年], it dropped sharply to [Y]%. By contrast, [A] jumped from [X]% to [Y]% during the same period, while [C] stayed roughly unchanged at [Z]%.

【译】[第一年]，[B]居首，占[X]%。然而到[第二年]骤降至[Y]%。相比之下[A]从[X]%跃升至[Y]%，[C]基本持平在[Z]%。

▶ 静态饼图 / 单年柱状图：

The percentage of [A] is the highest among all the categories, at approximately [X]%. It is followed by [B] and [C], which account for [Y]% and [Z]% respectively. In contrast, [D] only takes up a small proportion of [W]%.

【译】[A]占比最高，约[X]%；其次是[B]、[C]，分别占[Y]%、[Z]%；相比之下[D]仅占[W]%。

★ 描图段铁律：① 只描述数据，不分析原因（原因留到第二段）；② 最高值 + 最低值必须写；③ 单位抄对，大约数用 about / approximately / around。

三、P2 原因分析段（10–11 行）

【段首句】

The statistics reflected in the chart are well worth our attention, and the major reasons can be summarized as follows.

【译】图表所反映的数据值得关注，主要原因如下。

【理由① — 经济 / 收入】

To begin with, with the steady improvement of Chinese people’s living standards, an increasing number of residents can afford to [travel / buy houses / pursue further education], which directly drives the growing trend shown in the chart.

【译】首先，随着人民生活水平稳步提高，越来越多的居民有能力[旅游 / 购房 / 深造]，这直接推动了图表所示的趋势。

【理由② — 观念转变】

Moreover, a remarkable shift in people’s lifestyles and outlooks is another driving force. In the past, people [used to save money / prefer to stay at home], whereas today they are more willing to [spend on experiences / enjoy life], which is vividly mirrored by the figures.

【译】其次，人们生活方式与观念的显著转变是另一动力。过去人们[储蓄 / 居家]，而如今更愿意[为体验花钱 / 享受生活]，这在数据中得到生动体现。

【理由③ — 政策 / 媒体 / 技术】

Furthermore, the support from government policies, the widespread coverage of mass media, and the popularization of [smartphones / high-speed railways / the Internet] have jointly made it possible for this trend to flourish.

【译】此外，政府政策扶持、媒体广泛宣传以及[智能手机 / 高铁 / 互联网]的普及，共同促成了这一趋势。

【理由④ — 个人动机】（备用，凑字数）

Last but not least, for many ordinary individuals, [A] has become a necessary part of daily life, because it not only [saves time] but also [brends a sense of well-being].

【译】最后，对许多普通人而言，[A]已成为生活必需，因为它不仅[省时]，更[带来幸福感]。

★ 写法：写 3 条理由即可，①②必写，③④挑一条。动态图解释"为什么变"，静态图解释"为什么是这个比例"。

四、P3 总结预测段（2–3 行）

▶ 中性 / 积极趋势：

Taking all these factors into consideration, we may safely predict that this trend will continue to gain popularity in the years to come, and it will surely bring more rewards to our society.

【译】综合考虑，我们可以有把握地预测，这一趋势在未来几年将继续流行，并为社会带来更多回报。

▶ 消极趋势：

Taking all these factors into consideration, this phenomenon deserves our close attention. It is advisable for us to [guide the trend properly / encourage positive behaviors], so that we can embrace a healthier and more harmonious society.

【译】综上，这一现象值得高度关注。我们宜[合理引导 / 鼓励积极行为]，从而拥抱更健康和谐的社会。

Part 4  完整范文示范（背 1 篇顶 10 篇）

范文 A：英一图画作文（正面品质类，2019 真题"途中"改写）

This vivid drawing presents a thought-provoking scene: at the foot of a mountain, there sit two young climbers, one of whom is sweating and about to give up, while the other is pointing at the summit and encouraging his companion. The caption below reads, "On the way to the summit."

Simple as the picture looks, it conveys a thought-provoking message: perseverance is of far-reaching significance in today’s society. The reasons can be listed as follows. To begin with, the rapid economic and technological development has laid a solid material foundation for young people to pursue higher spiritual goals. Moreover, a subtle shift in social values has taken place — people no longer equate success with immediate gains, but come to respect long-term persistence. Last but not least, a convincing example is Yuan Longping, who persisted in hybrid-rice research for decades despite countless failures, and finally fed hundreds of millions of Chinese people. This best proves that perseverance paves the way to a brilliant future.

In conclusion, perseverance is indeed of great essence. Life is like a voyage on the sea: storms and reefs are inevitable, but as long as we stick to our goal, our ship will never sink. Let us join hands and embrace a brighter future.

【译】（约 190 词。第一段描图，第二段用了"经济科技+观念转变+袁隆平"三条理由，第三段用正面结尾。）

范文 B：英二图表作文（静态饼图类，2018 真题"餐厅消费因素"改写）

The chart above clearly illustrates the statistics concerning the factors consumers care about when choosing a restaurant in a certain city in 2017. The percentage of "taste" is the highest among all the categories, at approximately 36.3%. It is followed by "environment" and "service", which account for 27.3% and 9.8% respectively. In contrast, "price" only takes up a small proportion of 8.4%.

The statistics are well worth our attention, and the major reasons can be summarized as follows. To begin with, with the steady improvement of Chinese people’s living standards, an increasing number of residents can afford to pursue a high-quality dining experience rather than simply filling their stomachs. Moreover, a remarkable shift in lifestyle is another driving force: young people today regard dining out not only as a way to eat, but as a social and emotional occasion, so the environment and service matter a great deal. Furthermore, the popularization of food-review apps has made consumers more demanding about taste, which further pushes restaurants to improve their cooking.

Taking all these factors into consideration, we may safely predict that this trend will continue in the years to come, and it will surely push the catering industry toward higher quality.

【译】（约 180 词。第一段描静态饼图极值，第二段用了"经济+观念+技术"三条理由，第三段中性预测结尾。）

范文 C：小作文建议信（2014 英一真题"建议改善学生体质"）

Dear Mr. President,

I am Li Ming, a senior student majoring in Chinese Language and Literature. I am writing to offer some practical suggestions on how to improve students’ physical condition.

The details are as follows. To begin with, it is advisable to arrange at least one more PE class every week, so that students can have regular exercise. In addition, the university ought to extend the opening hours of the gym and playground, making them available after 8 pm. Last but not least, a monthly sports meeting could be held to raise students’ awareness of the importance of fitness.

Thank you for your time and consideration. I would be much obliged if you could take my suggestions into account.

                                                                  Yours sincerely,

                                                                  Li Ming

【译】（约 110 词。三段式：自我介绍+目的 → 三条建议 → 感谢+期待。）

Part 5  3 天背诵计划 + 默写自检表

Day 1（骨架日）

□ 背小作文"三段骨架"+ 9 类开头结尾句（Part 1 二、三节）

□ 背英一大作文三段段首句 + 三选一结尾（Part 2 二、三、四节）

□ 背英二大作文三段段首句 + 动态/静态描图句（Part 3 二、三节）

Day 2（理由日）

□ 背熟万能理由库：经济科技、社会观念、媒体政策、个人+名人例子（共 4 条）

□ 把 2015–2026十年真题的主题词列出来，每个主题词套进段首主旨句读一遍。

Day 3（默写日）

□ 严格限时：小作文 15 分钟、英一大作文 30 分钟、英二大作文 25 分钟。

□ 各挑 1 篇真题动手写，写完对照本手册检查：

    1) 字数够不够？

    2) [ ] 里是不是都换成了题目主题词？

    3) 三段结构完整吗？

    4) 落款、称呼格式对吗？

主题词替换速查（先背这 15 个高频主题）

★ 最后叮嘱：模板是"脚手架"，不是"墓志铭"。考场上一定要让 [ ] 里的内容与题目扣紧，否则会被阅卷老师识破模板痕迹。背熟之后，一定要自己动手默写 3 篇以上，否则考场写不出来。

Part 6  零基础手把手：从拿到题目到写出作文（逐题演示）

这一部分专门给"英语四级飘过、单词还没背完"的同学看。你不需要会写复杂句，只要跟着 5 步走，就能拼出一篇及格偏上的作文。

第一步：花 3 分钟判断题型，在草稿纸上写 3 个字

拿到题目先别慌，做三件事：

① 小作文：看 Directions 里的动词——suggest / advise = 建议信；invite = 邀请信；recommend = 推荐信；thank = 感谢信；apologize = 道歉信；complain = 投诉信；notice / announcement = 通知。

② 英一大作文：是一幅画还是两幅画？画下面有没有中文标题？画中人在干嘛（学习/玩手机/爬山/浪费食物）？

③ 英二大作文：是折线/柱状（有时间变化）还是饼图/单年柱状（静态占比）？表头写的是什么主题？

在草稿纸上写下：题型 + 主题词英文（不会写就写中文，后面从语料库里挑）。

第二步：从本手册调出对应骨架，先把"骨架句"抄在答题卡上

例如英一图画题，先把这 6 句骨架抄上去（约 60 词）：

This vivid drawing presents a thought-provoking scene: ___. The caption reads, "___".

Simple as the picture looks, it conveys a thought-provoking message: ___ is of far-reaching significance.

To begin with, ___. Moreover, ___. Last but not least, ___.

In conclusion, ___.

这样你已经写了 1/3 的篇幅，心里不慌了。

第三步：往 [ ] 里"填词"，不会写的词从语料库里挑

场景：2025 年英一图画题，画中两个人一个在"低头刷手机"，一个在"抬头看书"，标题"选择"。

• 主题词填什么？—— choose books / develop good habits / not be addicted to phones。

• 描图段怎么扩？—— On the desk sit two young men, one burying his head in a smartphone, while the other reading a book attentively.

• 理由段三条怎么填？—— ① 经济：生活好了，有条件读书；② 观念：大家意识到手机浪费时间；③ 例子：屠呦呦坚持读书做研究。

第四步：数字数，不够就从语料库再抽一句

• 小作文写完数一下，少于 80 词就在第二段多加一条提纲。

• 大作文写完数一下，英一少于 160 词就在 P2 多写一条理由；英二少于 150 词就把图表里第二个数据也描述出来。

第五步：用 3 分钟检查这 5 件事（救命级）

□ 1. 每句开头大写了吗？结尾有句号吗？

□ 2. 第三人称单数加 s 了吗？（he likes / it shows）

□ 3. 书信落款是 Yours sincerely, 换行 Li Ming 吗？

□ 4. 字数够了吗？

□ 5. 有没有把题目里的主题词抄错？

————————————————————————————————————————

【完整演示】2023 年英二真题：2012–2021 我国居民健康素养水平变化（折线图，从 8.8% 升到 25.4%）

Step 1 判题型：英二大作文 + 动态折线图 + 主题 = 健康素养。

Step 2 抄骨架：

The chart above clearly illustrates the statistics concerning ___.

As can be seen, the number of ___ increased dramatically from ___ in ___ to ___ in ___.

The major reasons can be summarized as follows. To begin with, ___. Moreover, ___. Furthermore, ___.

Taking all these factors into consideration, we may safely predict that this trend will continue.

Step 3 填词成稿（约 165 词）：

The chart above clearly illustrates the changes in Chinese residents’ health literacy level from 2012 to 2021.

As can be seen, the percentage of people with basic health literacy increased dramatically from only 8.8% in 2012 to 25.4% in 2021, which is nearly three times that of ten years ago.

The major reasons can be summarized as follows. To begin with, with the steady improvement of Chinese people’s living standards, residents are paying more attention to their health, rather than merely focusing on food and clothing. Moreover, a remarkable shift in public awareness is another driving force: the government and mass media have been vigorously promoting health knowledge, which has gradually raised people’s literacy. Furthermore, the popularization of the Internet and smartphones has made it much easier for ordinary people to acquire medical and health information anytime and anywhere.

Taking all these factors into consideration, we may safely predict that this positive trend will continue in the years to come, and it will surely benefit the whole society.

★ 你看，全程没有一句是"现场创作"的，全是把语料库里的句子拼起来、把 [ ] 换成题目主题。这就是模板的威力。

Part 7  背诵语料库（考前 1 个月每天读 20 分钟）

7.1  高分替换词表（把小学词汇换成考研词汇）

7.2  连接词大全（让文章像议论文，不像流水账）

【第一/首先】 To begin with, / First and foremost, / In the first place, / To start with,

【第二/此外】 Moreover, / Furthermore, / In addition, / What is more, / Besides,

【最后】 Last but not least, / Ultimately, / Finally,

【转折】 However, / Nevertheless, / On the contrary, / By contrast, / Conversely,

【因果】 Therefore, / Consequently, / As a result, / Hence, / Thus,

【举例】 For example, / For instance, / A case in point is, / Take…as an example,

【对比】 On the one hand… On the other hand… / While / Whereas / Rather than

【总结】 In conclusion, / To sum up, / In a word, / Briefly, / Taking all these factors into consideration,

【强调】 Indeed, / Obviously, / Undoubtedly, / It is no exaggeration to say that…

7.3  图画描述高频词（描图段不用愁）

【人物】 a youngster / an adolescent / a young man / a college student / an elderly man / two friends

【地点】 on the ground / in the classroom / at the foot of a mountain / in the office / on the campus / beside the desk

【动作动词】 sit / stand / lie / squat / stare at / gaze at / glare at / focus on / be absorbed in / be engaged in

【表情】 smiling / frowning / sweating / looking exhausted / wearing a disappointed expression / with a confused look

【伴随状语】 holding a smartphone in hand / with a pile of books beside him / sweating heavily / whispering to his companion

【万能描图句】 On the desk lies a young man, burying his head in a smartphone, with a pile of untouched textbooks beside him.

7.4  主题词分类速查（不会写主题词就从这里挑）

7.5  万能理由扩写库（每条理由给 3 种说法，随便挑）

理由① 经济发展：

• With the rapid economic development over the past decades, Chinese people’s living standards have improved dramatically.

• The steady growth of household income has laid a solid material foundation for ordinary people to pursue higher-level needs.

• Thanks to the booming economy, an increasing number of families can afford to spend money on education, travel and health.

理由② 观念转变：

• A remarkable shift in people’s values has taken place in recent years.

• People used to hold the traditional view that…, whereas nowadays they have come to realize that…

• Public awareness has been gradually raised, which is vividly reflected in the statistics.

理由③ 媒体/政策：

• Mass media, be they newspapers or the Internet, have been vigorously promoting the idea that…

• The government has issued a series of favorable policies to encourage…

• The popularization of the Internet and smartphones has made it much easier for…

理由④ 个人利弊：

• For young people, … is not a choice but a necessity, because it directly determines their competitiveness in the future job market.

• Without …, one can hardly adapt to the fast-paced modern society.

• A convincing example is Yuan Longping / Tu Youyou, who spent decades on … and finally achieved world-renowned success.

7.6  小作文功能句替换库（同一意思换着说，避免模板痕迹）

7.7  结尾万能句（按题型挑一句）

• In conclusion, we should spare no effort to…, and our world will become a better place to live in.

• It is high time that we took effective measures to reverse the current situation.（虚拟语气，加分）

• Only in this way can we embrace a bright and promising future.（倒装句，加分）

• As the saying goes, "Constant dripping wears away the stone." Perseverance will eventually pay off.

• Let us join hands and make our due contributions to building a harmonious society.

Part 8  考场急救包：不会写了怎么办？

8.1  单词不会写的应急替换

• 想写"智能手机"不会写 → 写 mobile phones / phones 也行，不扣分。

• 想写"健康"不会写 → 写 good body / keep fit 都行，意思到即可。

• 想写"环境污染"不会写 → 写 make the environment bad 也比空着强。

• 原则：**用会的简单词把意思说清楚，比硬写高级词拼错强 100 倍**。阅卷老师看的是流畅度，不是词汇量。

8.2  凑字数万能句（字数不够就抄一句进去）

• It is widely acknowledged that … plays an increasingly important role in modern society.

• There is no denying that the trend described above will continue in the years to come.

• As far as I am concerned, the advantages of … far outweigh its disadvantages.

• This phenomenon has aroused wide public concern across the whole society.

8.3  最容易丢分的 5 个语法错误（写完一定检查）

1. 第三人称单数：He like → He likes；It show → It shows。

2. 时态：描述图画用一般现在时；描述过去数据用过去时。别混。

3. 逗号拼接：不能用逗号直接连两个句子。要用 and / but / while，或者写成两句。

✘ He is busy, he has no time.   ✓ He is busy, so he has no time. / He is busy. He has no time.

4. 冠词：可数名词单数不能裸奔。a book / the Internet / smartphones。

5. 书信格式：称呼后逗号；落款右下角两行；不要写真名（用 Li Ming）。

8.4  考场时间红线

• 小作文超过 20 分钟立刻停笔，哪怕没写完，保住大作文。

• 大作文超过 40 分钟立刻收尾，用一句 In conclusion… 结束。

• 留 3 分钟检查上面 5 个语法错误，比多写一句华丽废话值钱。

★ 这份手册不是让你"背得越多越好"，而是让你"考场上 30 分钟内一定能写出一篇完整、不跑题、没大错的作文"。把 Part 1–3 的骨架背熟，Part 7 的语料每天读一遍，Part 8 的急救原则记牢，英语大小作文 20+ / 25+ 是稳稳的。

Part 9  小作文 9 类完整范文（每类一篇，背熟直接套）

每篇都约 100–110 词。斜体【】是讲解，正式背的时候忽略。

范文 1  建议信（图书馆改善服务）

Dear Mr. Librarian,

I am Li Ming, a sophomore from the School of English. I am writing to offer some practical suggestions on how to improve the service of our library.

The details are as follows. To begin with, it is advisable to extend the opening hours during the examination period, since many students need to study deep into the night. In addition, the number of computers in the reading room should be increased, for they are always fully occupied. Last but not least, more latest academic journals, especially those in our major, are badly needed.

Thank you for your time and consideration. I would be much obliged if you could take my suggestions into account.

                                                                  Yours sincerely,

                                                                  Li Ming

【译】套用：目的段照抄，第二段三条建议换成题目提纲，结尾段照抄。

范文 2  邀请信（邀请教授做讲座）

Dear Professor Smith,

I am Li Ming, Chairman of the English Club. It is my great privilege to invite you to deliver a lecture on American literature to our members.

The lecture is scheduled to be held in the Lecture Hall on the second floor of the Library Building on next Friday evening, from 7:00 pm to 9:00 pm. As a renowned scholar in this field, your enlightening ideas would undoubtedly benefit us a great deal. We would be extremely honored if you could spare us some time despite your busy schedule.

We are eagerly looking forward to your participation. Please let us know your decision before this Wednesday.

                                                                  Yours sincerely,

                                                                  Li Ming

【译】时间地点+恭维+期待回复三段式。

范文 3  推荐信（推荐一本书）

Dear Tom,

I am more than glad to hear that you are eager to read a good English book in your spare time. I am writing to recommend *The Old Man and the Sea* to you, which I believe will never disappoint you.

The reasons are as follows. First and foremost, it is widely recognized as one of the greatest works by Ernest Hemingway, and it has inspired generations of readers around the world. In addition, the language is concise and graceful, which makes it perfectly suitable for English learners. Last but not least, the story conveys a profound truth: a man can be destroyed but not defeated.

I do hope you will enjoy it. Please feel free to contact me if you have any further questions.

                                                                  Yours,

                                                                  Li Ming

【译】推荐人/书/电影/景点都能用这个骨架。

范文 4  感谢信（感谢外教改论文）

Dear Professor Smith,

I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for your generous guidance on my graduation thesis.

But for your patient revisions and constructive suggestions, I would not have finished the paper so smoothly. Every time I read your comments in red ink, I am deeply moved by your sense of responsibility. Your advice on academic writing will surely benefit me for the rest of my life. I do hope to have the opportunity to repay your kindness.

Again, please accept my heartfelt thanks. I am looking forward to seeing you soon.

                                                                  Yours sincerely,

                                                                  Li Ming

【译】But for… 虚拟语气是加分句，背下来。

范文 5  道歉信（推迟还书）

Dear Tom,

I am terribly sorry to tell you that I cannot return the book *One Hundred Years of Solitude* this weekend as promised. I am writing this letter to make a sincere apology to you.

The reason is that I was suddenly assigned an urgent task by my supervisor and have to go to another city on business. I am truly sorry for any inconvenience this may have caused. To make up for it, I wonder if we could meet next Saturday morning, when I will return the book to you in person.

I hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation. Looking forward to your reply.

                                                                  Yours,

                                                                  Li Ming

【译】道歉+原因+补救措施三件套。

范文 6  祝贺信（朋友考研成功）

Dear Li Hua,

I am overjoyed to hear that you have been admitted to Tsinghua University. I am writing to convey my warmest congratulations to you.

Your success is well deserved — it is the fruit of your three years of painstaking efforts and perseverance. I still remember you studying in the library until midnight every day. As the saying goes, "No pains, no gains." I sincerely hope that you will continue to pursue higher goals and scale new heights in your postgraduate studies.

Congratulations again. Wish you all the best in your future endeavors.

                                                                  Yours,

                                                                  Li Ming

【译】祝贺+肯定努力+引用谚语+祝福。

范文 7  投诉信（网购质量问题）

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am Li Ming, a customer who bought an electronic dictionary from your online store last month. I am writing to express my strong dissatisfaction with the product.

The problems are as follows. To begin with, the device broke down only one week after I bought it, which has seriously affected my English study. In addition, I have contacted your customer service twice, but no effective solution has been provided so far. I would appreciate it very much if you could either refund my money or send me a new replacement as soon as possible.

I trust that you will take this matter seriously and give me a proper reply at your earliest convenience.

                                                                  Yours sincerely,

                                                                  Li Ming

范文 8  通知（招募志愿者）

                              Notice

To enrich students’ after-school life and promote campus culture, the Students’ Union is now recruiting 30 volunteers for the upcoming International Culture Festival.

The details are as follows. First, the festival will take place in the Student Activity Hall from December 20 to 25, 2026. Second, volunteers should be fluent in spoken English, outgoing, and cooperative. Last but not least, those with prior volunteer experience will be preferred, and outstanding volunteers will be awarded certificates and a small scholarship.

Those who are interested are welcome to sign up with your monitor before December 10. We sincerely look forward to your participation.

                                                                  The Students’ Union

                                                                  December 1, 2026

【译】通知标题居中，落款是组织+日期，不写 Yours sincerely。

Part 10  英一大作文三类题旨完整范文

按"正面品质 / 负面现象 / 双刃剑"三类各背一篇，考场上只换主题词。

范文 A  正面品质类：合作（2008 真题"拔河"式）

This vivid drawing presents a thought-provoking scene: on the playground, four youngsters are working together to pull a thick rope, each leaning backward with full strength, their faces glowing with confidence and team spirit. The caption below the picture reads, "Cooperation makes success."

Simple as the picture looks, it conveys a thought-provoking message: teamwork is of far-reaching significance in today’s society. The reasons can be listed as follows. To begin with, the rapid economic and technological development has made modern work increasingly complex, and hardly any challenging task can be completed by a single individual. Moreover, a subtle shift in social values has taken place — people have come to realize that a strong team, rather than a lone hero, is the driving force behind great achievements. Last but not least, a convincing example is the Chinese women’s national volleyball team, who won the Olympic gold through perfect cooperation rather than individual stardom. This best proves that teamwork paves the way to victory.

In conclusion, cooperation is indeed of great essence. Life is like a voyage on the sea: storms are inevitable, but if we sail in the same boat, our ship will never sink. Let us join hands and embrace a brighter future.

【译】约 195 词。三段分别用了：描图+合作主旨 → 经济+观念+女排例子 → 正面结尾。

范文 B  负面现象类：过度使用手机（2015/2019 真题风格）

This vivid drawing presents a thought-provoking scene: in a restaurant, four young people are sitting around a table, but instead of talking to each other, each of them is burying his head in a smartphone, the dishes untouched. The caption reads, "A gathering divided by screens."

Simple as the picture looks, it reveals a worrying phenomenon: nowadays, an increasing number of people, especially youngsters, are overly dependent on smartphones, which has severely damaged interpersonal relationships. The reasons can be listed as follows. To begin with, the booming digital economy has made smartphones affordable and packed with entertaining apps. Moreover, mass media and short-video platforms keep users glued to the screen, gradually eroding their willingness to communicate face to face. Last but not least, many people, under great work pressure, regard the phone as an escape from real life, without realizing that virtual connection can never replace a sincere talk.

In conclusion, the current situation demands our immediate attention. It is imperative that we put down the phone more often and spend quality time with family and friends. Only in this way can we reverse the worrying trend.

【译】约 200 词。第二段三条原因全是"负面向"，第三段用负面结尾。

范文 C  双刃剑类：人工智能

This vivid drawing presents a thought-provoking scene: in an office, a worker sits in front of a computer, smiling at an AI assistant that is finishing his task for him, while on the wall hangs a question mark. The caption reads, "A helper or a threat?"

Simple as the picture looks, it touches on a controversial issue: artificial intelligence is now transforming our work and life. On the one hand, AI tremendously boosts efficiency, freeing people from repetitive work and allowing them to focus on creativity. On the other hand, it also triggers widespread anxiety — many routine jobs are being replaced, leaving a growing number of people uncertain about their future. It is no exaggeration to say that AI is like a double-edged sword, bringing both opportunities and challenges.

In conclusion, AI itself is neither a blessing nor a curse. If we are armed with wisdom and continuous learning, we can surely make the best of its advantages while steering clear of its potential drawbacks.

【译】约 185 词。双面写两段，结尾用双刃剑套句。

Part 11  英二大作文四类图表完整范文

范文 A  动态折线图：博物馆数量与参观人数（2017 真题）

The chart above clearly illustrates the changes in the number of museums and their visitors in China from 2013 to 2015.

As can be seen, the number of museums increased steadily from about 4,165 in 2013 to 4,692 in 2015. Meanwhile, the number of visitors grew dramatically, from 630 million to roughly 780 million during the same period.

The major reasons can be summarized as follows. To begin with, with the steady improvement of Chinese people’s living standards, residents are no longer satisfied with mere material comfort, but are eager to enrich their spiritual and cultural life. Moreover, a remarkable shift in leisure concepts is another driving force: more and more families choose visiting museums as a meaningful weekend activity, instead of merely shopping or dining out. Furthermore, the government has invested heavily in museum construction and most museums are now open to the public free of charge, which greatly lowers the threshold for ordinary visitors.

Taking all these factors into consideration, we may safely predict that this positive trend will continue in the years to come, and museums will become an increasingly important part of Chinese cultural life.

【译】约 185 词。动态图必写"从…到…"。

范文 B  两年对比柱状图：毕业生去向（2019 真题）

The bar chart above clearly illustrates the different destinations of graduates from a certain university in 2013 and 2018.

In 2013, taking a job accounted for the largest proportion, at 68%, whereas in 2018 it dropped noticeably to 48%. By contrast, the percentage of students pursuing further education jumped from 26% to 34% during the same period. Meanwhile, the proportion of those starting their own business rose slightly from 6% to 8%.

The major reasons can be summarized as follows. To begin with, with the fierce competition in the job market, an increasing number of graduates come to realize that a bachelor’s degree alone can hardly secure an ideal position, so they choose to pursue a master’s degree. Moreover, the government has issued a series of favorable policies to encourage entrepreneurship, which has inspired more young graduates to start their own businesses. Furthermore, parents today are more willing to support their children in continuing their studies rather than pushing them to work immediately.

Taking all these factors into consideration, we may safely predict that these trends will continue in the foreseeable future, reflecting the growing diversity of graduates’ career choices.

【译】约 195 词。两年对比必写"while / by contrast"。

范文 C  静态饼图：春节花销比例（2015 真题）

The pie chart above clearly illustrates how residents in a certain city spent their money during the Spring Festival.

The percentage of spending on gifts is the highest among all the categories, at approximately 40%. It is followed by expenses on dinner parties and transportation, which account for 20% and 20% respectively. In contrast, other expenditures only take up a minor proportion of 20%.

The statistics are well worth our attention, and the major reasons can be summarized as follows. To begin with, the Spring Festival is the most important traditional festival in China, when people attach great importance to showing respect and affection through gifts, which explains the largest share of spending. Moreover, with the steady improvement of living standards, an increasing number of families choose to hold reunion dinners in restaurants rather than cook at home. Furthermore, as more people work or study far away from their hometown, transportation costs inevitably rise during the holiday rush.

Taking all these factors into consideration, we may safely predict that this pattern of spending will remain stable, reflecting the unique cultural traditions of the Chinese Spring Festival.

【译】约 185 词。静态图必写"最高 + 其次 + 相比之下最低"。

范文 D  静态柱状图：锻炼方式（2021 真题）

The bar chart above clearly illustrates a survey on the ways residents in a certain city take physical exercise.

It can be seen that working out alone accounts for the largest part, with a proportion of 54.3%, followed by exercising with friends, which takes up 47.7%. In contrast, taking exercise with family members and joining in team sports only occupy 23.9% and 15.8% respectively.

What the statistics reflect is closely related to the following factors. First of all, with the fast pace of modern life, people in mounting numbers prefer to arrange exercise on their own schedule, such as jogging in the morning or working out in the gym after work. What is more, exercising with friends is a popular choice, because it not only builds up the body but also strengthens friendship. Last but not least, family members and colleagues often fail to share the same free time, which makes joint exercise less convenient.

Based on the analysis above, we may reasonably predict that this pattern will continue, and public awareness of physical fitness will keep rising in the future.

【译】约 180 词。

Part 12  2021–2026 真题审题示范（拿到题第一步做什么）

考场上花 3 分钟按下表判断，就能立刻调出对应模板。

★ 看到题目后，先在草稿纸上写三个词：题型 + 动态/静态 + 正面/负面/双刃。然后直接翻到对应章节抄骨架。

Part 13  2016–2026 大小作文主题词汇总 + 逐题套用分析

把这张表打印出来贴在墙上，看到任何真题都能立刻反应"用哪套骨架"。

一、英语一大作文 2016–2026 主题词汇总

★ 重大趋势：2024 起英一大作文不再纯考图画，2025 直接考表格，2026 考双图表。所以 Part 3 英二的图表模板也要背！

二、英语一小作文 2016–2026 主题词汇总

三、英语二大作文 2016–2026 主题词汇总

四、英语二小作文 2016–2026 主题词汇总

五、重点年份逐题套用示范（照着这个流程写）

▶ 示范 1：2026 英一·养老机器人双图表

Step 1 判题型：英一·双图表（饼图+柱状）·双刃剑题材 → 用 Part 3 英二图表模板 + Part 2 双刃剑结尾。

Step 2 P1 描图：饼图说"养老机器人接受度"（接受 35% / 观望 40% / 拒绝 25%），柱状图说"最期待的功能"（陪伴 60% / 护理 50% / 做家务 45%）。

The two charts above clearly illustrate Chinese residents’ attitudes towards elderly-care robots. According to the pie chart, 35% of respondents accept such robots, 40% are holding a wait-and-see attitude, and 25% reject them. The bar chart further shows that the most expected functions are companionship (60%), nursing care (50%) and housework (45%).

Step 3 P2 原因：①经济（老龄化加剧，养老压力大）+③科技（AI 技术成熟）+④个人利弊（双刃剑）。

The reasons can be summarized as follows. To begin with, China is now stepping into an aging society, and the traditional family-based elder care can hardly meet the growing demand. Moreover, the rapid development of artificial intelligence has made smart robots technically feasible and increasingly affordable. However, it is also worth noting that elderly-care robots can never replace family affection, and there remain concerns over data privacy and mechanical failures.

Step 4 P3 双刃剑结尾：

In conclusion, elderly-care robots are like a double-edged sword. If guided properly, they will surely become a reliable helper for senior citizens rather than a cold substitute for family bonds.

▶ 示范 2：2026 英二·儿童户外活动好处

Step 1 判题型：英二·静态饼图/柱状·正面题材 → Part 3 静态图模板 + 积极预测结尾。

Step 2 P1 描图：满足好奇心 54.5%、提高观察力 54.6%、锻炼身体 48%、亲近自然 45%。

The chart above clearly illustrates a survey on the perceived benefits of children’s outdoor activities. As can be seen, "improving observation skills" ranks first, at 54.6%, closely followed by "satisfying curiosity" at 54.5%. Taking exercise and getting close to nature account for 48% and 45% respectively.

Step 3 P2 原因：①观念转变（家长越来越重视素质教育）+②学校家庭（双减后户外活动时间增加）+③个人成长。

The statistics are well worth our attention. To begin with, with the improvement of living standards, parents are no longer solely focused on academic scores, but begin to attach importance to children’s all-round development. Moreover, schools and families are increasingly aware that outdoor activities not only strengthen the body but also cultivate curiosity and observation, which textbooks alone cannot provide. Furthermore, under the "double reduction" policy, children now have more spare time to spend outdoors.

Step 4 P3 积极预测：

Taking all these factors into consideration, we may safely predict that outdoor activities will play an increasingly important role in children’s growth, and more parents will realize that nature is the best textbook.

▶ 示范 3：2026 英一小作文·回复 Paul 关于手写信

Step 1 判题型：回复信 + 介绍类 → 用 Part 1 ③推荐信（介绍事物）骨架。

Dear Paul,

I am more than delighted to receive your email and learn that you are interested in those Chinese families’ handwritten letters.

The letters, written decades ago by parents to their children, convey deep family affection and daily stories, which is why they are regarded as priceless. Good news for you: a special exhibition of these letters is now on show at the National Museum of China, lasting until the end of this year. I strongly recommend you visit it in person — the atmosphere is truly touching.

If you decide to go, I would be happy to be your guide. Looking forward to your reply.

                                                                  Yours,

                                                                  Li Ming

套路：开头回应邮件→ 中间介绍事物（是什么+展览信息）→ 结尾邀请/期待。

▶ 示范 4：2019 英一·途中（经典正面品质题）

Step 1 判题型：单图对话·正面（perseverance）→ Part 2 单图模板 + 正面结尾。

Step 2 P1 描图：两人爬山，一人坐石头上"我累了不爬了"，另一人递水"别呀，到顶上看日出"。

As is vividly shown in the picture, two young men are climbing a high mountain. One of them is sitting on a rock, sweating and complaining, "I’m too tired to go any further," while the other, with a bottle of water in hand, encourages him, "Come on! The sunrise is just ahead."

Step 3 P2 理由：①经济（时代进步，但仍需坚持）+②观念（成功无捷径）+④名人（司马迁/爱迪生）。

Step 4 P3 正面结尾：坚持就是胜利。

★ 把这 4 个示范反复读三遍，考场上任何题都是"换主题词不换骨架"。2026 英一改考图表只是形式变了，理由库和结尾句完全通用。

Part 14  本手册使用方法与注意事项

一、这本手册怎么用（建议 4 周通关节奏）

二、必背 vs 选背（时间不够就背这些）

【必背· 不背一定丢分】

• 小作文三段骨架（Part 1 二节）

• 英一大作文 P1 描图句 + P2 主旨句 + P3 结尾三选一

• 英二大作文 P1 动态/静态描图句 + P2 原因引出句 + P3 预测句

• 万能理由 4 条至少背熟 3 条

• Part 13 真题主题词表（眼熟即可，不用全拼）

【选背· 冲高分用】

• Part 7 替换词表（把 good→beneficial、important→vital）

• Part 9–11 完整范文（时间够就背 2 篇找语感）

• Part 7.7 结尾万能句（倒装、虚拟语气加分）

三、注意事项（这些坑别踩）

1. 模板是"脚手架"不是"墓志铭"

考场上 [ ] 里的内容必须和题目紧密相关，不能生搬硬套。比如考"养老机器人"你不能写"袁隆平研究杂交水稻"，要换成"老龄化社会""AI 技术"等贴合主题的内容。

2. 不要全文背死一篇范文

阅卷老师每年看几千份卷子，原文照抄模板痕迹很重，会压分。正确做法：背骨架 + 背功能句，现场根据题目组合。

3. 字数宁多勿少，但别凑废话

英一少于 160 词、英二少于 150 词会扣分。写不够就从 Part 7 语料库抽一句万能理由补上，不要重复啰嗦。

4. 书写比高级词汇重要

阅卷老师平均 30 秒看一篇。字迹工整、段落清晰、没有涂改，比用三个长难句更能拿分。考场上一笔一划写，别连笔。

5. 小作文格式别错

称呼顶格、落款右下、通知写 Notice 居中——这些格式错一个扣 1–2 分，白丢的分最可惜。