文档内容
2024 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（模拟）
英语 2024.3
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷
上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
EYLEA
Consumer Brief Summary
This summary contains risk and safety information for patients about EYLEA. It does not include all the
information and does not take the place of talking to your eye doctor.
What is EYLEA?
EYLEA is a medicine that works by blocking vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）, which can cause
fluid to leak into the macula（视网膜黄斑）.
What is EYLEA used for?
EYLEA is indicated for the treatment of patients with:
·Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusion（RVO）
·Diabetic Macular Edema（DME）
·Diabetic Retinopathy（DR）
How is EYLEA given?
EYLEA is an injection（注射）administered by eye doctor and the injections are given on different schedules.
Confirm with your doctor which schedule is appropriate.
What are the most common side effects of EYLEA?
·Eye pain
·Light sensitivity
·Increased eye redness
For more possible side effects, ask your eye doctor. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of
prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch, or call1-800-FDA-1088.
What should I tell my eye doctor before receiving EYLEA?
·Infections in or around the eye
·Eye pain or redness·Being allergic to any ingredients in EYLEA
·Being or planning to be pregnant
Where can I learn more about EYLEA?
For a more comprehensive review of EYLEA safety and risk information, talk to your health care provider and
see the full information at EYLEA. com.
1. Who is the passage intended for?
A. Eye doctors. B. Medicine students.
C. Drug researchers. D. Patients with eye conditions.
2. How can you learn more about EYLEA?
A. Visit EYLEA.com. B.Call1-800-FDA-1088.
C. Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch. D. Talk to a medical professor.
3. What is this text?
A. A medical report. B. An introduction to a book.
C. A healthcare contract. D. A piece of medical instructions.
B
Watford and her family have lived in Curtis Bay, Baltimore for generations. Her community has faced
environmental injustice. Heavy industries continued to move in her community. As a result, her neighbors have had to
live with serious respiratory（呼吸的）problems.
When she knew a plan to build the nation’s largest trash-burning incinerator（焚化炉）less than a mile away
from her high school, she realized she had to take action. The incinerator was being sold wrongly as clean, renewable
energy equipment but actually it would be a source of brain-damaging chemicals and would release 200 million tons
of greenhouse gases per year, both worse than coal burning. Watford felt she had a responsibility to warn her
community to work together to shut this plant down.
She co-founded Free Your Voice（FYV）, a 10-person student organization devoted to community rights and
social justice. Together, they decided to start a campaign to take down Energy Answers, the incinerator’s developer.
They went door-to-door talking to neighbors and organizing protests.
When it was discovered that Baltimore City Public Schools（BCPS）was going to be a customer of Energy
Answers, the organization fought with the board and presented their case, urging BCPS to withdraw from the project.
BCPS was convinced to cancel their contract, which in turn inspired 22 other customers to do the same. Without any
financial gain, Energy Answers had no market to move forward with its plan.
Watford continues to work with Curtis Bay residents toward fair development. They have a vision for the future
which includes building a zero-waste movement, a solar farm, and green jobs. She wants the entire human family to
join the fight for environmental justice because survival as a species depends on our ability to take action.
4. What caused respiratory problems in Watford’s community?
A. Poor medical care. B. Terrible environmental conditions.
C. Constant bacterial infection. D. Unbalanced distribution of resources.
5. What is Watford’s attitude to building the incinerator?
A. Unfavourable. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent.
6. What was the result of their campaign?A. BCPS lost financial support. B. Energy Answers stopped its plan.
C. The investors found new market. D. Many customers revised their contracts.
7. What would be the best title for the text?
A. A teenage hero against urban pollution
B. A teenage hero fighting for an advanced city
C. A battle for Baltimore’s sky by a teenage hero
D. The social justice challenge for a teenage hero
C
Humans work hard to avoid viruses. Sick people are isolated, diseased animals are killed and fields of infected
crops are fired up. Reviving（复活）an ancient virus would surely be a disaster.
But a new study led by Fiddamanfrom Oxford, challenges this conventional wisdom. It shows how the revival of
an ancient virus can unlock the secrets of its evolution.
The virus in the study is Marek’s disease virus（MDV）, killing more than 90% of chickens. Yet when it was
discovered in 1907, MDV rarely caused death.
Dr Fiddaman wondered whether its new-found virulence（毒性）was a result of large structural changes. To
find out, he and his colleagues got their hands on nearly 1,000 chicken bones from ancient times across Europe and
Asia, some of them up to 2000 years old. Sections of DNA from these remains were mapped on to the ones of today’s
virus.
As the authors pieced together the sets of genes of ancient MDV, however, they noticed that the genes were
arranged identically to those in modern species. It suggests that the increased virulence resulted not from large
structural changes, but from point mutations（突变）. In particular, changes had occurred in the arrangement of a
gene called MEQ, which has an essential role in tumour（肿瘤）formation.
This discovery suggests that the ancient MDV may not have been able to cause tumours. To test this assumption,
Dr Fiddaman followed up with a daring experiment. He made the ancient form of the MEQ gene and shoot it into
living chicken cells. It did not turn on any of the genes associated with tumour formation. In comparison, a modern
MEQ gene quickly showed its tendency to cause tumours.
By combining ancient and modern genetic biology, the methods pioneered in the paper reveal how, and more
importantly why, any virus mutates. That could help scientists tackle other viruses that pull on the purse-strings of
farmers —by designing new vaccines（疫苗）, for instance— or even to work out how to prevent another global
pandemic.
8. What is widely acknowledged about the revival of an ancient virus?
A. It is a challenging task. B. It reveals the virus evolution.
C. It means a disaster for humans. D. It helps people fight diseases.
9. What caused the virulence change of MDV?
A. Point mutations in MEQ. B. The occurrance of a new gene.
C. The reproduction of the ancient MDV. D. Large structural changes in modern species.
10. How did Dr Fiddaman test the assumption?
A. By investigating a typical case. B. By conducting a field survey.
C. By studying the related theories. D. By doing a comparative experiment.11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Viruses weaken gradually when they mutate.
B. The finding throws light on handling other viruses.
C. A global pandemic requires a world effort to end it.
D. Farmers will face more complex challenges than before.
D
When American anthropologist Colin Turnbull published The Mountain People in 1972, he referred to his
subjects —a Ugandan group called the Ik — as “the loveless people.” After two years of observations, he decided
that they reflected humanity’s basic instincts（本能）: cheat, thievery, and pitilessness. But when Athena Aktipis and
her colleagues from the Human Generosity Project took a deeper look, they identified a community that shared
everything. “Turnbull had visited Uganda during a disastrous famine（饥荒）. All he saw is what happens when
people are starving.” says Aktipis. But her team revealed that despite living under pressure, the Ik placed a high value
on helping one another when they could.
Aktipis believes that altruism is more common and beneficial than evolutionary social science has long thought.
“It was assumed that people are designed to only do things to help themselves or their relatives.” she says. By
studying the unique, selfless practices that helped nine communities across the world to continue to exist, the experts
from the Project are looking to show that we are indeed capable of widespread cooperation.
The Maasai people in Kenya provide one of the project’s main points. They rely on two-way friendships for
resources like food or water when they’re in need, without expecting any repayment. Also, a world away, in New
Mexico, while folks often help transport cattle and receive support in return, they will assist without repayment if
someone faces difficulties, such as an injury or the death of a loved one.
Aktipis believes theoretical frameworks she’s perfected through studying these groups can apply broadly to any
interdependent systems. Her big goal is to design social-service systems that support everyone. Take market -based
insurance in the United States as an example: It’s priced based on individual risk factors such as health histories and
where people live, which means millions of Americans can’t afford it. But in a system built on neighboring, pooled
costs（合并成本）would level the burden during collective hardship like natural disasters and pandemics.
12. What did Turnbull think of the Ik people?
A. Heartless. B. Helpful. C. Restless. D. Generous.
13. What does the underlined word “altruism” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Trying to be strong and tough to survive.
B. Making full use of the surrounding resources.
C. Being devoted to themselves or their relatives.
D. Caring about the needs and happiness of others.
14. What does paragraph 3 intend to convey?
A. Friendships guarantee a well-being life. B. Folks assist each other to get support.
C. Cooperation is a good and natural instinct. D. People tend to provide resources for free.
15. How does Aktipis intend to apply her findings?
A. By designing a policy for public health.
B. By monitoring individual health histories.C. By creating a system against collective hardship.
D. By lowering insurance prices for individual victims.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban
farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning. 1 6 Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes,
cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun. The sounds of dogs, pigs, roosters,
and a group of stirring bees drown out the sounds of the city.
In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street. 1 7 “It was dirty,” he said.
“There were always vacant lots, but they had always been maintained for children to play on.” He knew that if he
just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again. 1 8
Covington started with a small community garden. 1 9 One mother sent three children to help him build a
larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives. Little by
little the seeds took root, as the hands on the garden that would evolve into a farm multiplied.
2 0 On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a
farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse. “It’s somewhat spiritual for me,”
Covington says. “It’s like a sanctuary（圣殿）. People come here and don’t want to leave.”
A. But if he planted stuff, they might not.
B. It’s a typical morning scene at the collective.
C. He saw garbage piled high in vacant, abandoned lots.
D. Covington made the garden a little bigger to plant more.
E. And almost immediately neighbors began asking to participate.
F. He planted a garden to help feed residents and enrich their lives.
G. What began as an effort to remove trash has turned into a site of community.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该
项涂黑。
Whatever the patient’s age or disease, a hospital stay can be stressful, especially for kids. Efforts like Ella’s are a
（an） 2 1 spot during a tough time.
It began in 2018, when Ella celebrated her birthday in a 2 2 way — a gift drive. Since then, it has 2 3
each year in early October, a few weeks before her birthday. Along with a（an） 2 4 to her party, Ella’s friends
get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital. For the youngest 2 5 , gifts might include building blocks or
stuffed toys. Then it’s time to share the gifts. “Seeing other people’s 2 6 — that’s all that matters to me,”
Ella says.
After the first round, the number of donations 2 7 every year. But she doesn’t keep an exact count.
28 , she judges by sight. “We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living room,” Ella says. “Last year,
it 2 9 the entire carpet.”Allison, working at Brigham Children’s Hospital, has seen firsthand the 3 0 of Ella’s gift-giving. “She
puts smile on the faces of these little patients in our hospital,” Allison says. “They are all amazed at her 3 1 at
such a young age.”
Ella’s 3 2 to help kids in the hospital have inspired others to 3 3 in her footsteps. Friends have
collected and 3 4 gifts for their birthdays too.
“ 3 5 to others is a good feeling to have at the end of the day,” Ella says. “I want to keep doing this as
long as I can.”
21. A. independent B. extra C. free D. bright
22. A. new B. private C. fancy D. natural
23. A. worked out B. kicked off C. given out D. thought up
24. A. letter B. recreation C. invitation D. cake
25. A. workers B. patients C. parents D. nurses
26. A. happiness B. recognition C. behavior D. admiration
27. A. changes B. grows C. declines D. maintains
28. A. Thus B. Somehow C. Sometimes D. Instead
29. A. reached B. included C. decorated D. covered
30. A. excitement B. effect C. inspiration D. feature
31. A. generosity B. exploration C. ambition D. progress
32. A. promises B. aims C. efforts D. proposals
33. A. follow B. engage C. track D. mix
34. A. received B. counted C. gathered D. donated
35. A. Responding B. Relating C. Giving D. Comparing
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Playing an instrument or singing in a choir may boost your brain. For generations, parents 3 6
（encourage）their children to practice playing musical instruments. Parents have good reason to prioritize their
children’s musical education. Learning an instrument is not only associated with 3 7 （good）educational
attainment but also with improved cognitive（认知的）abilities and intelligence（智力）scores in children.
The results of a recent study 3 8 （investigate）this question showed that musical people had better
memory and the ability to stay 3 9 （focus）on tasks than those with less or no musicality.
However, 4 0 made a difference among those who played an instrument was whether they continued to
play 4 1 had only played in the past. Current amateur musicians exhibited the highest cognitive performance
among participants.
Continued engagement 4 2 cognitively stimulating activities, like playing an instrument, is likely 4 3
（lead）to sustained brain health. In contrast, playing the recorder for only three years in primary school may not
44 （significant）impact our cognitive performance later in life.
Given the overall benefits of learning an instrument or participating in a choir, engaging in such a cognitive
45 （stimulate）as we age could be beneficial.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）
假如你是李华，你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见，请你给外教回复一封邮件，陈述
建议并给出理由，内容包括：
1.材料选择；
2.阅读形式（小组合作或自主阅读）。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ryan,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Becky, a 12-year-old girl, was deep in her maths homework. Her father Bill asked her to help fix the gate of the
stall（牛栏）. “I couldn’t come out and help, Daddy,” she responded, without even looking up. “I’ll get extra
marks if I do these equations（方程式）.”
Frowning, Bill was concerned about Becky. She only loved numbers, showing little interest in other things. Bill
hoped his daughter could enjoy animals and help on their farm.
“Wouldn’t you like to win the blue ribbon competition with your very own calf next year?” Bill refused to give
up. In the competition, children show the calves they raise and the best calf（小牛）with a large build, well-
developed muscles and strong legs would get the blue ribbon.
Becky listened without a word. “You know, raising a calf also requires mathmatics, like calculating the
expenses to maintain health and muscle development during growth.” Bill continued.
It seemed that something clicked with Becky, “It might be a perfect opportunity to show my math talents.” She
then followed her dad into the stall. Bill pointed to a new born calf. “Here she is! Tag 333. She will be the best calf!”
Becky looked, and a smile brightened her face. “OK. I’ll give it a try.”
In the following weeks, she started a journal of projected expenses —vaccinations, registration fees, vet bills,
grain and hay. “She’s finally getting interested in cattle,” Bill thought. But for Becky, the calf seemed more like a
mathematical challenge than a living animal that would require care and love.
Winter came —the tough time for the calves. One morning, an extreme snowstorm hit. Calves! Bill and Becky
hurried to the stall to check. All the calves were inside except Tag 333! Where was she? They searched everywhere
and finally found her a mile away from the stall. The little calf was lying still, covered in ice and snow. Her eyelids
were sealed shut by glittering frost. “Is she dead?” Becky cried. Bill pressed his fingers against the calf’s chest.
“No. But we need to do something —fast,” he urged.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.
They rushed the calf into the stall.
Time flying by, the judging day finally arrived.高三一模考试英语试题
参考答案
2024.3
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
1~3 DAD 4~7 BABC 8~11CADB 12~15 ADCC
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
16~20 BCAEG
第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
21~25 DABCB26~30 ABDDB31~35 ACADC
第二节语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
36.have encouraged/have been encouraging 37.better 38.investigated 39.focused
40.whatt 41.or42.in43.to lead44.significantly45.stimulatior
第三部分写作(满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
One Possible version:
Dear Ryan.
All the students are excited about the upcoming English reading activity,and I am writing to express my
opinion about it.
If students are allowed to choose what they read,I believe they will prove to be enthusiastic readers.Besides,it is
beneficial to form reading groups so that we can discuss with those who have the same taste.Activities like role-
play,movie appreciation,or reading experience sharing would provide more chances for students to better the
understanding of the books as well.
Hope my opinion will be helpful and the event will start soon!
Yours.
Li Hua
应用文写作评分标准
一、 评分细则
1.本题总分为15分，分五个档次进行评分。
2.评分时应主要从内容组织、词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑。具体为：
(1)对于内容要点的覆盖情况以及表述的清楚程度和合理性。
(2)使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。
(3)上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。
3.评分时，先根据作答的整体情况初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量确定或调整档
次，最后给分。
4.评分时还应注意：
(1)词数少于60的，酌情扣分。
(2)单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英美拼写及
词汇用法均可接受。
(3)书写较差，以至影响交际的将分数降低一个档次。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求
第五档：(13-15)能写明全部要点，语言基本无误，行文连贯，表达无误。第四档：(10-12)能写明全部或绝大部分要点，语言有少量错误，行文不够连贯，表达基本清楚。
第三档：(7-9)能写明基本要点，语言虽有较多错误，但能基本达意。
第二档：(4-6)能写出部分要点，语言错误多，影响意思表达。
第一档：(1-3)只能写出一两个要点，里面错误很多，只有个别句子正确。
第二节(满分25分)
One possible version:
They rushed the calf into the stall.Bill quickly started a fire while Becky quickly fetched blankets and wrapped
her,rubbing and holding her body gently."Dad,she is moving!"Becky gave an excited shout.Then she fed a few
drops of warm milk in the calf's mouth and the tiny jaws moved slightly.From then on,the first thing Becky did
after school was going to the stall and feeding her.Day by day,Tag 333 became a strong calf with huge brown
eyes,and a coat that shone like silk.“She'll be the champion in the competition!”Becky thought.
Time flying by,the judging day finally arrived.Flags,musicians,shouting children and bawling cattle added to
the excitement at the county fair.The judge began checking each calf carefully,then questioned its young owner,who
tried hard to describe how good their calves looked like.Becky's turn came last.She recited all the numbers since
Tag 333's birth she had clearly memorized.Pointing to Tag 333,the judge announced,“Ladies and gentlemen,my
choice for first place is this one!”Holding the blue ribbon,Becky realized the experience of love and care is beyond
what numbers can convey.
读后续写评分标准
一、评分原则：
1.本题总分为25分，按五个档次进行评分。
2.评分时，应主要从内容、词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑，具体为：
(1)续写内容的质量、完整性以及与原文情境的融洽度。
(2)所使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。
(3)语句间的衔接和全文的连贯性。
3.评分时，应先根据作答的整体情况确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整
档次，最后给分。
4.评分时还应注意：
(1)词数少于120的，酌情扣分；
(2)书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分；
(3)单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英、美拼写
及词汇用法均可接受。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求：
