文档内容
绝密★启用前 A. Helen Mirren. B. Peter Morgan.
C. Dylan Baker. D. Stephen Daldry.
2019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷 III)
23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?
A. Animals Out of Paper. B. The Audience.
英 语
C. Hamilton. D. On the Twentieth Century.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
B
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
"It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief
creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
A
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-
OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS
inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese
Animals Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami（折纸术）artist aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition
invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.（West Park had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that
Presbyterian Church,165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.）
The Audience sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are
Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China — some of the
twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on
Previews begin Feb.14.（Schoenfeld，236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.） Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hill.
Hamilton For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. "The most famous
Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers," she says. "China is no longer just another market; in
an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.（Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.） many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China —its influences, its
On the Twentieth Century
direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."
Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a
24.What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?
Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star’s love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs, for A. It promoted the sales of artworks. B. It attracted a large number of visitors.
Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12.（American Airlines Theatre, 227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.） C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes. D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?. 25.What does Hill say about Chinese women?
A.A type of art. B.A teenager's studio. A. They are setting the fashion. B. They start many fashion campaigns.
C.A great teacher. D.A group of animals. C. They admire super models. D. They do business all over the world.
22. Who is the director of The Audience? 26.What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?A. learning from B. looking down on C. working with D. competing against 30.Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?
27.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Local politicians. B. Common people.
A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World C. Young publishers. D. Rich businessmen.
B.A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York 31.What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?
C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics A. It was a difficult process. B. It was a temporary success.
D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends C. It was a robbery of the poor. D. It was a disaster for printers.
C D
Before the 1830s,most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.
Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers
Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys
little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In
taking place in the 1830s would change all that.
The trend, then, was toward the "penny paper"— a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the
meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and
on the street. the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven
This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this
newspapers before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy. Street example.
sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than
cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny—usually two or three cents was charged —and some of the half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.
When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to
older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase "penny paper " caught the public's fancy, and soon
underestimate（低估）a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing,
there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.
This new trend of newspapers for "the man on the street" did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企业)were for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys
immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction（小部分）of the smaller number to it.
"This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this
change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.
28.Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s? experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”
A. Academic. B. Unattractive. C. Inexpensive. D. Confidential. 32. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?
29.What did street sales mean to newspapers? A. They fed them. B. They named them.
A. They would be priced higher. B. They would disappear from cities. C. They trained them. D. They measured them.
C. They could have more readers. D. They could regain public trust. 33. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?A. By drawing a circle. B. By touching a screen. G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
C. By watching videos. D. By mixing two drinks. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
34. What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys? 第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
A. They could perform basic addition. B. They could understand simple words. 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
C. They could memorize numbers easily. D. They could hold their attention for long. The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late
35. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? September to mid-March— 41 six months out of the year.
A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Education. D. Science. Of course, we 4 2 it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
sky is 4 3 , but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a 4 4 day.”
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 But that 4 5 when a system of high-tech 4 6 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks（山峰）
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 While I
into the valley below. Wednesday, residents（居民）of Rjukan 4 7 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of
have only listed two of each, these are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend
reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 4 8 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 4 9 them
the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance.
to turn along with the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam
Do's
（束）of light onto the town’s central 5 1 , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 52
• 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design,
, Rjukan residents gathered together.
read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain
“People have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 of each other," Ro says. "The town square was
sight.
totally 55 . I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all 56 the sunshine at the
• Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38 Be sure to
same time. 57 , the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s 58 residents.
stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
"It's not very 59 ,” she says, "but it is enough when we are 60 .”
Don'ts
41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best
42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice
friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39
43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 When a student attacks a professor on the social
44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm
media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's
45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered
professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments. 46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras
A. That's what they are for. 47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined
B. Turn to an online instructor for help. 48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use
C. If more information is needed, they will ask. 49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails. 50. A. day B. night C. month D. year
E. Below are some common do’s and don’ ts for online learners. 51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped 注意：
53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting 1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it
56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a
57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly
special theme such as like "Tang Dynasty". In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment
58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved
what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different
59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy
city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.时间；
On our way to the house，it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 62
2.活动安排；
（get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
3.欢迎他表演节目。
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their
注意：
masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65
1.词数100左右；
（recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66
（compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 （tradition）stories about
Hawaii that were 68 （huge）popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we 69 （invite）to
attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars， 70 （listen）to musicians and
meeting interesting locals.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷III） ordinarily
just an cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like
ordinary to
参考答案
"Tang Dynasty". In the cafe, customers will enjoy
第一部分 听力
yourselves what
in the historical environment is created for them. If I succeed
1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C themselves that/which
6. C 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. C
manage city
11. B 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B in one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different . Each of my
managing cities
16. A 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A
第二部分 阅读理解 an
cafes will have a different theme and unique style.
a
21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A
第二节（略）
26. D 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B
31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
36. E 37. G 38. A 39. C 40. F
第三部分 语言知识运用
41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B
46. C 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A
51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B
56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. D
61. so 62. to get 63. of 64. who 65. recommended
66. competition 67. traditional 68. hugely 69. were 70. listening
第四部分 写作
第一节
opens
I’ve had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to a cafe.
open
required
Though it may appear simple, it a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not
requiresA. Helen Mirren. B. Peter Morgan.
2019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷 III)
C. Dylan Baker. D. Stephen Daldry.
英 语 23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?
A. Animals Out of Paper. B. The Audience.
C. Hamilton. D. On the Twentieth Century.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
【解析】
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
这是一篇应用文。这篇文章对一些话剧的开幕和新剧首映进行了介绍。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
【21题详解】
A
细节理解题。根据话剧Animals Out of Paper的Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by
OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS
Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.可知，
Animals Out of Paper
Rajiv Joseph创作的的话剧是关于折纸的一种艺术。故选A。
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami(折纸术)artist
【22题详解】
invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.(West Park
细节理解题。根据话剧The Audience的Stephen Daldry directs.可知，本剧是Stephen Daldry导演的。故
Presbyterian Church，165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.)
选D。
The Audience
【23题详解】
Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with
细节理解题。根据话剧Hamilton 的Li-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton in
twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey.
which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.可知，话剧Hamilton的主题是美国的诞生，
Previews begin Feb.14.(Schoenfeld，236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.)
由此可知，如果你对美国历史感兴趣，你可以看这部话剧。故选C。
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as
B
an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.(Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.)
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
On the Twentieth Century
"It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief
Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a
creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs，for
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired
Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12.(American Airlines Theatre，227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.)
fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美
21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?.
学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record
A. A type of art. B. A teenager's studio.
attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
C. A great teacher. D. A group of animals.
"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that
22. Who is the director of The Audience?sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are 趣。）由此可知，纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者，故选B。
central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best 【25题详解】
designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on 细节理解题。答案定位在第四段Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell
Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hil. dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion-
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. "The most famous they are central to its movement . （中国模特是向全世界女性推销梦想的美和时尚活动的代言人，这意味着
designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers," she says. "China is no longer just another market; in 中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。）由此可知，Hill说中国女性开创了新时尚，故
many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China-its influences, its 选A。
direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways." 【26题详解】
24. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York? 词义猜测题。下文and beating them hands down in design and sales说并在设计和销售上击败他们。由此
A. It promoted the sales of artworks. B. It attracted a large number of visitors. 推断出上文Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Mare Jacobs的意思是
C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes. D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models. Vera Wang、Alexander Wang和Jason Wu正在与Galliano、Albaz和 Mare Jacobs竞争。taking on意思
25. What does Hill say about Chinese women? 是“竞争”，故选D。
A. They are setting the fashion. B. They start many fashion campaigns. 【27题详解】
C. They admire super models. D. They do business all over the world. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段china and its culture have long been an inspiration for western creations.
26. What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?
以及最后一段 If you talk about fashion today , you are talking about China - its influences , its
A. learning from B. looking down on C. working with D. competing against
direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
that in many ways."（如果你今天谈论时尚，你谈论的是中国——它的影响，它的方向，它令人惊叹的服装，
A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
以及年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。），结合全文内容，可知这篇文章最恰当的题目是“中国
B. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
文化助力国际时尚潮流”，故选D。
C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
C
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. D
Before the 1830s,most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year.
【解析】
Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens.
这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了中国文化对世界时尚届的影响，中国年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面
Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had
被认可。中国成了世界时尚的风向标。
little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was
【24题详解】
taking place in the 1830s would change all that.
细节理解题。答案定位在第三段 The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge
The trend, then, was toward the "penny paper"-a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It
interest in Chinese influences.（此次展览吸引 的参观者人数创下了记录，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴 meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copieson the street. 分析选项，A . Academic学术的；B. Unattractive没有吸引力， 无魅力的； C. Inexpensive廉价的，不贵的；
This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers D. Confidential机密的，保密的。可知 A、C和D是错误的，只有B符合题意，故选B。
before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were 【29题详解】
almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At 推理判断题。根据第二段提到“便士报纸”针对大众，很便宜的。更重要的是，在街上可以买的到报纸。 结合第
first the price of single copies was seldom a penny-usually two or three cents was charged-and some of the older well- 三段中间的“streets sales of newspapers would be commonplaced in eastern cities”可知，报纸的街头销
known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase "penny paper " caught the public's fancy, and soon there would be 售随处可见。由此可推断出，街头销售意味读报纸的多了。分析选项可知C符合题，故选C。
papers that did indeed sell for only a penny. 【30题详解】
This new trend of newspapers for "the man on the street" did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企业)were 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The trend, then, was ‘penny paper’—a term referring to papers made
immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to widely available to the public. perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought
change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling. in single copies on the street.”可知，这种“便士报纸”针对大众的，在街上可以买的到报纸。分析选项可知，
28. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s? 选项B符合题意，故选B。
A. Academic. B. Unattractive. C. Inexpensive. D. Confidential. 【31题详解】
29. What did street sales mean to newspapers? 推理判断题。第二段“The trend, then, was ‘penny paper’”及最后一段“The new trend of newspapers
A. They would be priced higher. B. They would disappear from cities. for ‘the man on the street’ did not begin well. Some of the early ventures were immediately
C. They could have more readers. D. They could regain public trust.
failures. Publishers already in business, people who owners of successful papers, had little desires to
30. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?
change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.”可知，“便
A. Local politicians. B. Common people.
士报纸”新趋势一开始并不好，一些早期的尝试立即失败了。已经进入商业领域的成功的出版商，并不想改变这
C. Young publishers. D. Rich businessmen.
一传统。后来一些年轻而大胆的商人才推动了这件事。由此可推断出“便士报纸”的诞生是一个困难而曲折的过
31. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?
程。分析选项可知，A项符合题意，故选A。
A. It was a difficult process. B. It was a temporary success.
C. It was a robbery of the poor. D. It was a disaster for printers.
D
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A
Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.
【解析】
A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers
本文为记叙文。文章叙述了“便士报纸”的诞生历史。
and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys
【28题详解】
combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Before1830s，... Accordingly newspapers were read almost only by rich
Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In
people. In addition ,most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to mass audience. They
their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the
were dull and visually forbidding.”可知，在19世纪30年代之前,只有富人才能读报纸，而且大多数报纸中
other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and
几乎没有能吸引大众的内容，让人感觉无聊，，视觉上令人望而却步。由此可得出那时的报纸没有什么吸引力。the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screen…If the
drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this monkeys touched the left side of the screen, they would be rewarded with seven drops…; if they went
example. for the circle, they would be rewarded with…”可知，当猴子触摸屏幕左边时，它们会得到7滴水或者果汁
After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than 的奖励；当它们触摸屏幕的另一端（即画着圆圈的部分）时，它们会得到17滴水或果汁的奖励。由此可知，猴
half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination. 子是通过触摸屏幕得到奖励的。B选项正确。
When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to
【34题详解】
underestimate(低估)a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for 细节理解题。根据第四段“The monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time,
example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each
always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction(小部分)of the smaller number to it. combination”和第五段中的“When adding two numbers…”可知，猴子会在超过一半的时间内选择更高的
"This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this
值，这意味着它们在进行计算，而不仅仅是记住每一个组合的值。由此可知，A选项正确：猴子能够进行基本
experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”
的加法计算。由此亦可以排除C选项。
32. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?
【35题详解】
A. They fed them. B. They named them.
推理判断题。通读整篇文章可知，该文介绍的是哈佛医学院的科学家 Margaret Livingstone领导的一个研究团
C. They trained them. D. They measured them.
队对猴子进行实验得出的研究结果。这属于“科学研究”范畴，故该文应出现在报纸的“科学”板块。故D选项正
33. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?
确。
A. By drawing a circle. B. By touching a screen.
C. By watching videos. D. By mixing two drinks.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
34. What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys?
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A. They could perform basic addition. B. They could understand simple words.
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. ___36___ While
C. They could memorize numbers easily. D. They could hold their attention for long.
I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend
35. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.
A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Education. D. Science.
Do's
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
• ___37___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course
【解析】
design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in
这是一篇说明文。研究发现：猴子可以进行基本的加法运算。文章对研究的经过和结论做了介绍和分析。
plain sight.
【32题详解】
• Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ___38___ Be sure to stay
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys…The researches
on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
then tested how…”可知，在对这些猴子进行测试之前，研究者们对它们进行了培训。故C选项正确。
Don'ts
【33题详解】
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your bestfriends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. ___39___ 【39题详解】
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___40___ When a student attacks a professor on the social 根据本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends教授不是训练有素
media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's 的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息
professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments. 的话，他们会主动问起的，故选项C符合语境。
A. That's what they are for. 【40题详解】
B. Turn to an online instructor for help. 通读本段，并根据本段主题句Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告诫读者，每个人
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F符合上下文语境。
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
【答案】36. E 37. G
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
38. A 39. C
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from
40. F
late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year.
【解析】
Of course, we ___42___ it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We
本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。
see the sky is ___43___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___44___ day.”
【36题详解】
But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring
根据文章段落结构和本段首句 In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with
peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray of winter sunshine:
professors is very important，可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康 的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文 A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that
___49___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a
中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故选项E符合语境。
concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters.
【37题详解】
When the light ___52___, Rjukan residents gathered together.
根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢
“People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other," Ro says. "The town
迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，可知，与G项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”
square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all
相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。
___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ___58___
【38题详解】
residents.
根据前一句 Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for
"It's not very ___59___,” she says, "but it is enough when we are ___60___.”
dialogue.可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选
41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely
A。
42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
but down in the valley it's darker可知，我们看到天空是蓝色 的，但是到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，故可知，
44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm
太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选D。
45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered
【43题详解】
46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras
考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue蓝色的；C. high搞得；D. wide宽的。根据常识可知，有太阳的时
47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined
候，天空是蓝色的，故选B。
48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use
【44题详解】
49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows
考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy多云的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm温暖的。根据前文
50. A. day B. night C. month D. year
down in the valley it's darker可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故选A。
51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street
【45题详解】
52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped
考查动词词义辨析。A. helped帮助；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. mattered关系重大。根据后文可知，
53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting
该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选B。
54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold
【46题详解】
55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent
考查名词词义辨析。A. computers电脑；B. telescopes望远镜；C. mirrors镜子；D. cameras相机。根据后文to
56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store
reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，故可知，为一枚镜子，故选C。
57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly
【47题详解】
58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved
考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered记得；B. forecasted预报；C. received获得，收到；D. imagined想象。根据
59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy
句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选C。
60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing
【48题详解】
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. A 53.
考查名词词义辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk风险；C. rest 休息；D. use使用。根据前一句their very first ray of
D 54. A 55. B 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. D
winter sunshine可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，故选 D。 put sth to use把某物投入
【解析】
使用。
本文属于记叙文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了一套镜子设备把阳光反
【49题详解】
射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添一丝明亮。
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，在大风的天气就
【41题详解】
自动关闭。A. forbids禁止；B. directs指导，导演；C. predicts预测；D. follows跟随，追随。本句描述这套系统
考查副词词义辨析。A. only仅仅；B. obviously 显然地；C. nearly几乎；D. precisely准确的。根据前文
的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。
from late September to mid-March可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故选C。
【50题详解】
【 42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. month月；D. year年。根据文章可知，太阳光出现在白天，
考查动词词义辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear听见；D. notice注意。根据后文We see the sky is 43 , 故选A。【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。A. trying尝试；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 观看；D. sharing分享。根据句意可知，大
考查名词词义辨析。A. library图书馆；B. hall大厅；C. square广场；D. street街道。根据后文The town square可 家一起晒太阳就足够了，故选D。
知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选C。
【52题详解】 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared 出现；B. returned 归还；C. faded 褪去；D. stopped 停止。根据后文 Rjukan 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
residents gathered together可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故选A。 On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take
【53题详解】 ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
考查动词词义辨析。A. driving驾驶；B. hiding隐藏；C. camping露营；D. sitting坐。根据本句and standing there We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their
可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故选D。 masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and
【54题详解】 ___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and
考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures照片，图片；B. notes笔记；C. care照顾；D. hold抓住。根据文章可知，会彼此
other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
拍照，故选A。 When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting
【55题详解】 ___66___(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many
考查形容词词义辨析。A. new新的；B. full满的；C. flat平坦的；D. silent沉默的。根据后文I think almost all the
___67___(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-
people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故可知广场全是人，故选B。
long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，
【56题详解】
___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
考查动词词义辨析。A. block阻挡；B. avoid避免；C. enjoy喜欢，享受；D. store储存。根据句意可知，并不是
【答案】61. so 62. to get
3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选C。
63. of 64. who
【57题详解】
65. recommended
考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Similarly相似地。前一句意思
66. competition
为并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的意义不仅仅提供光线，故可知前
67. traditional
后句属于转折关系，故选B。
68. hugely 69. were
【58题详解】
70. listening
考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-loving热爱自然的；B. energy-saving节能的；C. weather-beaten受风雨侵蚀的；
【解析】
D. sun-starved渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳光，故可知小镇人们渴望阳光，故选D。
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后收到的礼遇，主人热情招待他们，
【59题详解】
还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。
考查形容词词义辨析。A. big大的；B. clear清晰的；C. cold冷的；D. easy容易的。根据前文可知，镜子反射的
【61题详解】
光线有限，范围不够大，故选A。 考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so…
【60题详解】
that…”意为“如此…以至于…”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。【62题详解】 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
动词，故填to get。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
【63题详解】 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
【64题详解】
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为
I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required a
masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。
lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special
【65题详解】
theme such as like "Tang Dynasty". In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is
考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地
created for them. If I succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.
方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommeded。
Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
【66题详解】
【答案】opens→open
考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词 an与空格后的不定式 to watch 可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填
required→requires
competition。
ordinarily→ordinary
【67题详解】
cafe后面加上to
考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填traditional。
去掉like
【68题详解】
yourselves→themselves
考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。
what→that/which
【69题详解】
manage→managing
考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根
city→cities
据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。
an→a
【70题详解】
【解析】
考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个
【详解】1. 本句考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语，to后用动词原形。故把 opens改为 open。2. 本句考查动
动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后
词的时态。短文的主体时态都是现代时。故把 required改为 requires。3. 本句考查形容词的用法。修饰名词
meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。
cafe，应用形容词。ordinarily 是副词。故把 ordinarily改为 ordinary。
4. 本句考查动词的固定搭配。want sb to do sth“ 想要某人做某事”。故在have前加to。5. 本句考查介词的
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
用法。such as和like都是用来举例子，重复了。故把like删除。6. 本句考查代词的用法。customers是句子
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
的主语，故把 yourselves改为 themselves。7. 本句考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，指物，关系代词用that/which。故 把what改为that/which。8. 本句考查动词的固定搭配。succeed in
doing something“成功的做了某事”。故把manage 改为managing。
9. 本句考查名词的用法。many different后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把city改为cities。
10. 本句考查冠词的用法。an用在元音音素前，a用在辅音因素前。unique是以辅音音素开头的单词，前用
a。故把an改为a。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72.假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括:
1.时间；
2.活动安排；
3.欢迎他表演节目。
注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】参考范文略
【解析】
【详解】本题解析略。
