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第 04 讲 阅读理解之议论文
（模拟精练+真题演练）
（2023·湖南娄底·统考二模）
Although students are busy studying, it is important to remember another area of study life skills, such as
washing clothes and growing vegetables. They are useful in our daily life. Here are some opinions about life skills
education.
Children need to learn most of the life skills at school. As parents, we can help them take
part in activities around the house and in the neighborhood.
We have life skills classes at school. They’re quite useful. They help prepare for everyday
real-life situations, from washing dishes to preparing a meal. These classes give us knowledge
we need to live on our own.
I’m not sure whether it is necessary because I haven’t tried life skills classes yet. In my
school, many students pay no attention to learning life skills. They don’t think it will improve
their chances of getting into college.
Having life skills classes at school is important. Besides, there are other ways for us to learn
life skills. We can watch videos on the Internet. We can also learn from our parents and take part
in the activities with them.
1．In Kevin’s opinion, many students pay no attention to learning life skills because _________.
A．they are not interested in it
B．they are not sure what to learn
C．it’s helpless for attending college
2．According to Li Ping, what can we get from life skills education?
A．Knowledge for college. B．Knowledge for living alone.
C．Chances to learn from our parents.
3．Who have the same opinion on life skills education according to the text?
A．Li Ping, Kevin and Mary.
B．Mrs. Blair, Kevin and Mary.
C．Mrs. Blair, Li Ping and Mary.
4．Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Mary thinks having life skills classes at school is important.
B．In Kevin’s school, many students pay no attention to learning life skills.
C．Mrs. Blair thinks children don’t need to learn most of the life skills at school.
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5．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Good habits B．Healthy lifestyle C．Opinions on Life Skills Education
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．C
【导语】本文介绍几个人对于生活技能教育的看法。
1．细节理解题。根据“In my school, many students pay no attention to learning life skills. They don’t think it
will improve their chances of getting into college.”可知，许多学生不重视学习生活技能，因为他们认为这不会
提高他们进入大学的机会。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“These classes give us knowledge we need to live on our own.”可知，这些课程为我们
提供了独立生活所需的知识。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Mrs. Blair Children need to learn most of the life skills at school.”、“Li Ping They’re
quite useful.”和“Mary Having life skills classes at school is important.”可知，Mrs. Blair、Li Ping和Mary有相
同的看法，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“Children need to learn most of the life skills at school.”可知，Mrs. Blair认为孩子们需
要在学校学习大部分的生活技能，C项错误。故选C。
5．标题归纳题。根据“Here are some opinions about life skills education.”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了人们
对于生活技能教育的不同观看法。故选C。
（2023·福建宁德·统考二模）
Exams cause anxiety(焦虑). The silence of the hall; the sound of the clock; the proud look of the person sitting
at the neighboring desk who has finished 15 minutes early. So there is little surprise that those who worry about
taking exams do worse than those who do not.
According to a recent research by Maria Theobald, perhaps, it is not the pressure(压力) of the exam hall that
causes the problem. It is the pressure of review.
Dr. Theobald worked with 309 students who were preparing for a very important final exam. During the 100
days before that, the students used an app which showed them old exam questions and recorded their performance.
They also sat a mock exam(模拟考) 40 days before the real exam. To know their levels of anxiety, students were
given 1-5 points to questions every day.
Dr. Theobald found that anxiety on the day of the test did not predict exam performance at all. What predicted
it was the level of knowledge a student showed in the mock and the earlier digital-learning activities. Those who
perform ed well in these also did well in the real exam. And what actually affected students were high levels of
anxiety during the weeks before the real exam took place. The greater a student’s anxiety in the days before the
exam, the less knowledge he or she got during that time.
To reduce the anxiety, Dr. Theobald has his advice for students. First, they can raise their confidence in their
own abilities. Second, they can reduce the importance of the test by telling themselves that, though it is important,
it is not a life-or-death situation.
6．Which of the following affects exam results most according to paragraph 1-2?
A．The sound of the clock. B．The silence of the hall.
C．The pressure of the review. D．The proud look from the neighboring desk.
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7．Paragraph 4 mainly talks about the ________ of the research.
A．process B．results C．reasons D．importance
8．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A．The test. B．The advice. C．The anxiety. D．The situation.
9．What can we infer(推断) from the text?
A．The more mock exams you take, the better results you will get.
B．Students should pay less attention to the test to reduce the anxiety.
C．If you have more knowledge before exams, you will have less anxiety in exams.
D．Anxiety during review affects exam performance more than that during the exams.
10．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Can you perform well in exams? B．What may cause you exam anxiety?
C．How can you reduce exam anxiety? D．Does anxiety affect exam performance?
【答案】6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了影响考试成绩的压力来源。通过试验得出结论，即真正影响学生
的是在真正考试前几周的高度焦虑。学生在考试前几天的焦虑程度越高，他或她在这段时间里学到的知识
就越少。
6．细节理解题。根据“ it is not the pressure(压力) of the exam hall that causes the problem. It is the pressure of
review.”可知，造成这个问题的不是考场的压力。而是复习的压力。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。根据第四段主要是关于实验的结论的，即考试前几天焦虑程度越高，复习获得的知识越
少，考试结果越不好。故选B。
8．词义猜测题。根据“ they can reduce the importance of the test by telling themselves that, though it is
important, it is not a life-or-death situation.”可知，他们可以通过以下方法降低测试的重要性：告诉自己，尽
管这个考试很重要，但这不是生死攸关的事情。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据“Dr. Theobald found that anxiety on the day of the test did not predict exam performance
at all.”可知，考试当天的焦虑根本不会影响考试成绩，“what actually affected students were high levels of
anxiety during the weeks before the real exam took place. ”，可知，真正影响考试成绩的是考试前复习阶段的
焦虑程度。故选D。
10．最佳标题题。根据全文都是关于考试中压力的来源，且用实验的方法告诉人们考试前期复习过程中压
力才会影响考试成绩。故选D。
（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考二模）
Everybody has a favorite TV show. Some people like to watch cartoons, other people like to watch soap
operas. Now reality TV shows are very popular in many countries. Reality TV shows have no actors. The stars are
real people like you and me. One of the most famous ones is “Survivor (《幸存者》)”. In “Survivor”, sixteen
people try to win one million dollars. For ten weeks they live together far away from home. Their life is very hard.
They have to sleep outside and find their own food. There are many games and tests. If they fail a test, they might
have to leave the show. “Survivor” is very popular. In America, 51 million people watched the last show to see who
would win.
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Is it good to watch a lot of TV? In Britain, most children watch more than three hours every day, and 66
percent of children have a TV in their bedroom. Some people think that watching too much TV is unhealthy for
children because it stops them doing exercise. They say that children should read books or go outside and play.
They also think that watching cartoons that show a lot of violence (暴力) is bad for young people.
But now some scientists say that watching TV can be good. They found that children who watch TV before an
exam can get higher grades. This is because TV helps them to relax before the exam. It also exercises their brains,
but remember: NOT TOO MUCH!
根据短文内容选择最佳答案
11．The meaning of the underlined word “reality” in the first paragraph is ________?
A．真实的 B．现实 C．真人
12．You can win ________ in “Survivor”.
A．$ 100,000 B．$ 1,000,000 C．$ 10,000,000
13．Watching too much TV is unhealthy for children because ________.
A．children shouldn’t watch TV
B．children should watch cartoons
C．it prevents children from doing exercise
14．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．People at the age of sixteen try to win one million dollars.
B．Watching TV can help children to relax before the exam.
C．Most children watch TV nore than three hours every week.
15．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To discuss whether watching TV is good or not.
B．To describe one TV show.
C．To talk about “Survivor”.
【答案】11．B 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个电视节目《幸存者》引出关于看电视的话题，讨论了孩子们看电视的利弊，
并说明了孩子们应该适度看电视，不能过量。
11．词义猜测题。根据“Reality TV shows have no actors. The stars are real people like you and me. ”可知，没
有演员，明星都是像你我一样的真人，所以推断这种节目应是“电视真人秀”，是展示人物的真实情况的，
所以划线单词表示“真实，现实”。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据“In “Survivor”, sixteen people try to win one million dollars”可知，在《幸存者》中，
你可以赢得100万美元，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据“Some people think that watching too much TV is unhealthy for children because it stops
them doing exercise. ”可知，看太多电视对孩子来说是不健康的，因为这会妨碍他们做运动。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据“They found that children who watch TV before an exam can get higher grades. This is
because TV helps them to relax before the exam.”可知，看电视可以帮助孩子们在考前放松，故选B。
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15．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一个电视节目《幸存者》引出关于看电视的话题，讨论了孩子们看电视
的利弊，并说明了孩子们应该适度看电视，不能过量。故选A。
（2023·安徽·校联考三模）
Today, China would like to make its voice heard, by telling true stories. “Story telling is the best way for
international communication,” President Xi Jinping said. “We should tell stories about China well and spread
China’s voice well.” Telling Chinese stories warms people’s hearts and brings the Chinese people and people of
other countries closer. By listening to true stories of China, many people around the world get to know more about
China.
First, a good Chinese story should be about the Chinese national spirit and Chinese cultural confidence (自信).
Recently, the hot Chinese movie of The Battle (战役) at Lake Changjin has been popular with people around the
world. The movies tells an amazing (惊人的) historical story: Seventy three years ago, the People’s Volunteer (志
愿者) Army (PVA) entered North Korea for battle. Under very cold conditions, the soldiers (军人) on the Eastern
Front bravely fought the enemy at Lake Changjin.
Although Chinese culture has continued for thousands of years, we should find a new way to tell Chinese
stories. Li Ziqi, for example, has become famous on TikTok for her short videos. She has received tens of millions
of likes on the Internet. She spread Chinese culture to the world by showing her daily life in the countryside.
Therefore, as a Chinese, learning how to tell a good Chinese story in English is very important. We should
fully understand the Chinese culture and learn English well so that the world will have a better understanding of us.
16．How do people around the world get to know more about China?
A．By communicating with Chinese. B．By reading books about China.
C．By listening to true stories of China. D．By experiencing living in China.
17．What is a good Chinese story?
A．It should tell people how to live well in China.
B．It should tell people how to communicate with Chinese.
C．It should be about how People’s Volunteer Army fought the enemy.
D．It should be about Chines national spirit and culture confidence.
18．How did Li Ziqi tell Chinese stories?
A．By making movies about Chinese culture. B．By showing her daily life in the countryside.
C．By sharing Chinese stories with short videos. D．By talking about Chinese culture on the Internet.
【答案】16．C 17．D 18．B
【导语】本文主要是介绍一个好的中国故事是什么样，以及学会用英语讲好中国故事很重要。
16．细节理解题。根据“By listening to true stories of China, many people around the world get to know more
about China.”可知可以通过倾听中国的真实故事来更多地了解中国，故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“First, a good Chinese story should be about the Chinese national spirit and Chinese
cultural confidence (自信).”可知一个好的中国故事应该跟中华民族精神与中华文化自信有关，故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据“She spread Chinese culture to the world by showing her daily life in the countryside.”可
知李子柒通过展示她的乡村日常生活来讲述中国故事，故选B。
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（2023·重庆·校联考二模）
We all know that Chinese culture values filial piety(孝道) a lot. But in Western countries, there are different
opinions toward this topic. I’m curious about what the younger generation of Chinese people thinks of traditional
filial piety. Let’s have a look. Have you seen any changes?
In traditional Chinese culture, Twenty-four Filial Exemplars(《二十四孝》), a collection of 24 stories about
filial sons or daughters, is widely known. But now, more and more Chinese people dislike the idea in the stories,
believing that such “extreme(极端的) filial piety” is neither realistic(现实的) nor necessary in today’s society.
Some people hold the opinion that it is necessary to support parents, but one should not unconditionally sacrifice(无
条件牺牲) his own life to look after them day and night except for some special cases. Doing one’s filial duty
doesn’t mean giving up one’s own life and dreams. It means more about understanding one’s parents and giving
them enough attention and love.
——Anna, 25, Shenyang
In China, many schools have activities to promote(弘扬) filial piety, such as cooking for parents, helping wash
their feet or writing a “thank-you card”. By doing these things we develop stronger love for our parents, which is
great!
Confucius believed that only if everyone is good to their parents can they be good to other people. Then there
won’t be many fights. Then we could bring peace to the world. I think it is a great idea. Confucius tells of the
importance of loving our parents. Filial piety is not only about loving your parents, but about loving everyone!
So I think we all should try our best to be good to our parents.
——Yan Zihan, 13, Guangzhou
Be there for them when they feel lonely. Help them with housework. Give money to them when they need it.
These are all actions of the greatest kindness.
19．________ young people talk about their opinions on filial piety.
A．Three B．Two C．Many D．Four
20．The word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to “________”.
A．giving up one’s own life and dreams B．sacrificing one’s own life unconditionally
C．doing one’s filial duty D．doing all the chores for the parents
21．What are the things we can do for our parents according to the writer?
a. Help them around the house.
b. Be there for them when they feel lonely.
c. Give up our dreams.
d. Give them money when they need it.
A．b, c, d B．a, c, d C．a, b, d D．a, b, c
22．The best title of the passage may be ________.
A．Love Parents, Love Friends B．Different Opinions on Filial Piety
C．Parents’ Love Is Great D．Always Follow Your Parents
【答案】19．B 20．C 21．C 22．B
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【导语】本文主要讲述了中国年轻一代对传统孝道的不同看法。
19．细节理解题。根据“Anna, 25, Shenyang”及“Yan Zihan, 13, Guangzhou”可知，两个年轻人谈论了他们
对孝道的看法。故选B。
20．词义猜测题。根据“Doing one’s filial duty doesn’t mean giving up one’s own life and dreams. It means
more about understanding one’s parents and giving them enough attention and love.”可知，尽孝道并不意味着放
弃自己的生活和梦想。它更多地意味着理解自己的父母，并给予他们足够的关注和爱。it指代前文的
“Doing one’s filial duty”。故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据“Be there for them when they feel lonely. Help them with housework. Give money to
them when they need it.”可知，我们可以为父母做的事情有：在他们感到孤独时陪在他们身边；帮助他们做
家务；在他们需要的时候给他们钱。即a, b, d符合。故选C。
22．最佳标题题。根据“I’m curious about what the younger generation of Chinese people thinks of traditional
filial piety. Let’s have a look. Have you seen any changes?”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了中国年轻一代对传统
孝道的不同看法。因此最佳标题为“对孝道的不同看法”。故选B。
（2023·安徽黄山·统考一模）
Social media(社交媒体)is certainly an interesting place to learn others’ opinions. You can read everything
from strange ideas to true facts and everything in between. But when you are spending time online and reading so
many opinions, it’s quite possible that you’ll sometimes see someone write something that you strongly disagree
with.
In fact, you might feel so strongly that you feel like you should reply to this person at once. You might do
some research, find some facts of your own and reply to what they’ve written. You finish writing it out, click(点
击) “Post” and win the argument!
Except that it’s not really much of a victory. Most people don’t like it when other people disagree with their
ideas, especially online strangers. It’s unlikely that they will change their opinion just because you argued with
them. In fact, it’s possible that you made them feel more confident that they’re correct.
And the thing is, when you get in these kinds of fights online, it slowly influences you. You might not know it
at first, but the argument that you take part in can actually have a bad effect on your mood(心情). If you argue
often, you start to enjoy arguing and then end up doing it even more. It’s a dangerous cycle.
I guess the best thing to do is to tell yourself that most arguments aren’t worth it. There are much better and
more interesting things to do, whether online or in real life.
23．How does the writer feel about social media?
A．People seldom use it to argue with each other.
B．Many people use it to voice their opinions.
C．It’s a good way to connect with strangers.
D．You can’t see what other people have written on it.
24．What does the underlined word “it” refer to?
A．Your letter. B．Your story. C．Your reply. D．Your experience.
25．How might arguing online influence you?
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A．You will face a lot of dangers. B．You will become more confident.
C．You might feel bad and argue more. D．You will get better at arguing.
26．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Argue until finding the truth B．Communicate in real life
C．Discuss problems with strangers D．Not worth it to argue online
【答案】23．B 24．C 25．C 26．D
【导语】本文主要讲了在社交媒体有不同观点时反驳是完全没有必要的。
23．细节理解题。根据第一段“Social media(社交媒体)is certainly an interesting place to learn others’
opinions. You can read everything from strange ideas to true facts and everything in between.”（社交媒体当然是
一个了解他人观点的有趣地方。你可以阅读任何东西，从奇怪的想法到真实的事实，以及介于两者之间的
任何东西。）可知，社交媒体是一个可以读到他人观点的有趣的地方，很多人通过它来发表自己的观点。
故选B。
24．推理判断题。根据“You might do some research, find some facts of your own and reply to what they’ve
written. ”（你可以做一些研究，找到一些你自己的事实，然后回复他们写的内容。）可知此处的“it”应指
前文提到的“reply”。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据“If you argue often, you start to enjoy arguing and then end up doing it even more.”（如
果你经常争吵，你会开始喜欢争吵，最终会吵得更凶。）可知，参与网上争论后，就会开始喜欢争吵，并
且最终争吵得更多。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段“There are much better and more interesting things to do, whether online or in
real life.”（无论是在网上还是在现实生活中，都有更好、更有趣的事情可以做。）可知，无论是在网上还
是在现实生活中，都有更好更有趣的事情可以做，所以作者的建议是找些更好的事情做，而不是争吵。故
选D。
（2023·四川绵阳·校联考三模）
Have you seen bamboos coming out of the earth? Have you noticed that the days are getting longer, with more
daylight to enjoy? These are signs of spring’s arrival, promising the return of light, colour and warmth. Spring is
nature’s sign that however dark or cold things might be, better days are around the corner. That is hope.
“Hope is the feeling that things can get better.” says Dr. Black. Last year Black interviewed some firefighters
who put out wildfire in Australia. The firefighter said, “If we don’t fight it, there’s no chance of it stopping.” In
addition, hope is also about taking action. Black says, “In our life, we find ourselves caught in difficult situations
from time to time. And our actions start us up and help us out. Make the first move, and we will get them through.”
Experts say that having hope in difficult times can help you worry less, feel calmer and lift your spirits. They
also say that research shows hope can build up your body and help you deal with pain.
Feeling disappointed and worried is part of life. If it’s possible to see hope in them, you should; if it’s not,
don’t worry. Dr. White calls this “practical hope”. “Life is messy,” says White, “but we can be clear about how we
feel whether that’s sadness or disappointment, and focus（专注）on the opposite. You can’t change the fact that
your brother or sister is mean（刻薄）to you. But you can act in a way that is kind and friendly rather than making
things worse. Even in the most terrible situations, we can decide how we live with each other.”
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27．Why is spring mentioned in the beginning?
A．It stands for hope. B．It is a pretty season.
C．It promises warmth. D．It is the start of a year.
28．What question is answered in Paragraph 2?
A．How can hope change our life? B．What does hope really mean?
C．Why do firefighters need hope? D．Who can help us find hope?
29．What can we infer from paragraph 3?
A．Hope is never easy to find. B．Experts never give up hope.
C．Hope is important to our health. D．Experts often give us hope.
30．What does Dr. White mainly talk about?
A．The steps of seeing hope. B．The kinds of practical hope.
C．The possibility of seeing hope. D．The value of practical hope.
31．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．How Is Hope Found B．Finding Hope Is Easy
C．Having Hope Is Helpful D．Where Can We See Hope
【答案】27．A 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要告诉我们要充满希望以及拥有希望的好处。
27．细节理解题。根据“Spring is nature’s sign that however dark or cold things might be, better days are around
the corner. That is hope.”可知，春天是大自然的标志，无论天气多么黑暗或寒冷，美好的日子就在眼前。这
就是希望。可见，春天代表希望。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据“Hope is the feeling that things can get better”可知，希望是一种事情可以变得更好的
感觉。根据“In addition, hope is also about taking action.”可知，此外，希望还在于采取行动。并以消防员灭
火为例。所以第二段主要回答的问题是，希望到底意味着什么。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据“They also say that research shows hope can build up your body and help you deal with
pain.”可知，他们还说，研究表明希望可以增强你的身体，并帮助你处理疼痛。所以说，希望对我们的健康
很重要。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据“Feeling disappointed and worried is part of life. If it’s possible to see hope in them, you
should; if it’s not, don’t worry. Dr. White calls this ‘practical hope’.”可知，感到失望和担忧是生活的一部分。如
果有可能你应该在他们身上看到希望；如果不是，别担心。怀特博士称之为“现实的希望”。所以怀特博
士主要谈论的是现实的希望的价值。故选D。
31．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，第一段讲述的是：春天代表希望；第二段讲述的是：希望是一种事情可
以变得更好的感觉。第三段讲述的是：在困难时期抱有希望可以帮助你减少担忧，感到平静，振奋精神。
希望对我们的健康很重要。第四段讲述的是：现实的希望的价值。所以本文主要告诉我们要充满希望以及
拥有希望的好处。所以有希望是有帮助的。故选C。
（2023·四川雅安·雅安中学校考一模）
A soap opera called “Tiger Mother and Cat Father” is popular in China now. The tiger mother is pretty strict
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with her daughter and the little girl is not allowed to watch TV or play computer games. On the other hand, she
makes all effort to buy the expensive house near the key school, in order to let her daughter have a better education.
However, the cat father has an opposite view of how to raise their child. He gives her daughter more independence
and doesn’t make many rules for her. Which one is better, “Tiger Mother” or “Cat Father”?
In China, it seems that in each family, there is a tiger mother and a cat father, even worse, some families have
two tigers. ▲
What’s worse, Chinese mothers believe key schools will bring a better future to their children.
This soap opera fully shows us a common problem in China. And maybe it is the real reason why such kind of
TV shows can get popular.
Whether the tiger mother or the cat father, respecting children and growing together are the keys to family
education. Confidence, kindness, honesty and independence are the most important qualities to develop a child, not
the grades. Just like a poem said, “Educating children is like walking with a snail (蜗牛), and the steps are gentle
and slow.”
32．In the soap opera, the little girl isn’t allowed to ________.
A．eat vegetables B．get good grades
C．go to the key school D．watch TV or play computer games
33．In the soap opera, the father is called “Cat Father” because ________.
A．he enjoys eating fish just like a cat B．he gives her daughter more independence
C．he is afraid of his wife D．he always stays up late just like a cat
34．Which of the following can be put in “________” in the second paragraph?
A．Chinese parents are tigers. B．Tiger Mother is the better.
C．Chinese parents dislike their children. D．Children can’t decide anything for themselves.
35．Except ________ all are the most important qualities to develop a child in this passage.
A．honesty B．kindness C．grade D．confidence
36．The writer thinks it’s good to ________.
A．slow your steps and grow together with your children B．take a walk with your children often
C．be strict with your children like “Tiger Mother” D．buy an expensive house near the key school
【答案】32．D 33．B 34．D 35．C 36．A
【导语】本文主要通过流行节目引出对中国孩子的教育问题，应该教育孩子就像蜗牛散步，步骤既要温柔
又要慢慢来。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“The tiger mother is pretty strict with her daughter and the little girl is not
allowed to watch TV or play computer games.”可知，妈妈对女儿很严格，不允许小女孩看电视或玩电脑游戏。
故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第一段“He gives her daughter more independence and doesn’t make many rules for her.”
可知，他给了女儿更多的独立性，没有给她制定很多规矩。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据上一句“In China, it seems that in each family, there is a tiger mother and a cat father,
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even worse, some families have two tigers.”可知在中国，每个家庭都有一个虎妈妈和一个猫爸爸，甚至有的
家庭还有两只老虎，由此推测孩子们不能自己做决定，选项D符合语境。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Confidence, kindness, honesty and independence are the most important
qualities to develop a child, not the grades.”可知，自信、善良、诚实和独立是培养孩子最重要的品质，而不
是成绩。故选C。
36．观点态度题。根据最后一段“Whether the tiger mother or the cat father, respecting children and growing
together are the keys to family education.”可知，作者认为无论是虎妈还是猫爸，尊重孩子，共同成长，都是
家庭教育的关键。故选A。
（2023·浙江衢州·统考三模）
“Mom I want a cat,” or “Mom I want a dog,” or “Mom I want a…” are common words that parents may hear
from their children more than once. However, there are many arguments（争论）for and against children owning
pets.
The first argument that supports pet ownership by children is that they help to keep children company. When
children come home from school, pets are always there to greet them. They love children and always want to play.
As a result, children will be less likely to experience loneliness. They will also help to keep children active as they
will need to be walked and played with every day.
Secondly, owning a pet encourages children to learn new responsibilities（责任）. Pets need to be looked
after and be taken care of every day. Children will learn different skills that they can use later in life. For example,
washing and feeding pets are basic skills to learn. Learning these responsibilities will make sure that children will
be able to look after themselves, and possibly their children one day.
On the other hand, some pets can be dangerous. Some dogs, for example, are likely to bite, and children may
become scared of animals as a result of this happening to them. Cats also look very soft and lovely, but they do
have very sharp claws. If they are treated in the wrong way, cats can use their claws to hurt others.
In addition, pets need a great deal of maintenance（维护）. Many pets need to be often exercised and bathed.
As a result of this, children may pay less attention to their studies because they are too busy worrying about their
pets and its well being.
A further argument against pet ownership is that pets are costly; buying food and maintaining their care is not
cheap. Finally, the cost of owning one falls on parents, and as a result, children don’t fully understand the
responsibility of having one.
37．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “company”?
A．a business organization that makes or sells goods or services
B．the fact of being with somebody else and not alone
C．a group of people who work or perform together
D．a social or business visitor
38．According to the text, what may people who are against children owning a pet worry about?
A．Children’s safety. B．Children’s life skills.
C．Children’s health. D．Children’s responsibilities.
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39．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To introduce how to take good care of a pet.
B．To solve the problem of children owning a pet.
C．To list the disadvantages of children owning a pet.
D．To show different opinions on children owning a pet.
40．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】37．B 38．A 39．D 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，分别介绍了支持和反对孩子养宠物的观点。
37．词句猜测题。根据下文“When children come home from school, pets are always there to greet them. They
love children and always want to play. As a result, children will be less likely to experience loneliness.”可知，当孩
子们放学回家时，宠物总是在那里迎接他们。他们爱孩子，总是想玩。结果，孩子们将不太可能经历孤独。
所以company意为“与他人在一起而不是独自一人”。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第四段“On the other hand, some pets can be dangerous. Some dogs, for example, are
likely to bite. If they are treated in the wrong way, cats can use their claws to hurt others.”可知，另一方面，有些
宠物可能很危险。例如，有些狗可能会咬人。如果猫受到错误的对待，它们可能会用爪子伤害其他的。以
此为例说明一些宠物很危险。可见，反对孩子养宠物的人主要担心孩子的安全。故选A。
39．主旨大意题。通过“there are many arguments（争论）for and against children owning pets.”可知，有许
多支持和反对孩子养宠物的论点。通过文章可知，本文主要讲述了对于孩子养宠物，存在支持和反对两方
面的争论点。所以本文表达了对孩子养宠物的不同意见。故选D。
40．篇章结构题。第一段介绍支持和反对孩子养宠物的争论有很多。第二段介绍了支持孩子养宠物的第一
个论点：他们是很好的伴侣。第三段介绍了支持孩子养宠物的第二个论点：养宠物可以鼓励孩子学习新的
责任。第四段介绍了反对孩子养宠物的论点：许多宠物很危险。第五段介绍宠物需要恰当的照顾，孩子们
可能不太注意他们的学习了。第六段段介绍了反对孩子养宠物的另一个论点：养宠物的成本很高。第二段
和第三段介绍的是支持养宠物的观点。第四段、第五段和第六段是反对养宠物的观点。故选A。
（2023·山东枣庄·校考二模）
Teenagers should be allowed to develop a hobby. A hobby can give you different types of challenges. You’ll
need to find different interests and decide which hobby really interests you. You can take up a hobby that can
challenge you physically, such as rock climbing or kayaking(皮艇运动）. While this may be hard to do, here are
four great reasons to work it in:
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Hobbies help build a teen’s confidence (自信). By finding an area of interest, a teen can build his skills. This
leads to positive results and builds teenagers’ confidence.
A hobby helps teens have a sense of their identity (身份）. Our likes and dislikes help us know who we are as
people. Hobbies help by sending a signal, “I like doing this. This makes me feel good. Therefore, this is a part of
who I am.”
Hobbies keep teens from getting bored. Bored teens look for things to do and are more likely to do something
bad. Helping teens develop a hobby is helping them stay out of trouble. Hobbies will help teens to get on well with
their parents. When a teen is busy with a hobby, his parents have easy chances to something to praise him about.
They can communicate with each other easily.
41．According to the passage, hobbies can make teens ________.
A．be sure something they want will happen in the future B．know they are different from their parents
C．feel a little bad about themselves D．have no time to fight with parents
42．The underlined word “positive” in the passage probably means “________”.
A．现实 B．消极的 C．积极的 D．虚拟的
43．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．why it’s not easy to find a hobby B．how to develop a hobby
C．why teens need a hobby D．when a teen is busy with a hobby
【答案】41．A 42．C 43．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了爱好对于青少年发展的好处。
41．推理判断题。根据“Hobbies help build a teen’s confidence (自信). By finding an area of interest, a teen can
build his skills. This leads to positive results and builds teenagers’ confidence.”可知，爱好有助于建立青少年的
自信心，通过找到感兴趣的领域，青少年可以学习新技能，这会产生积极的结果。故可推断爱好可以帮助
青少年增强自信心，使他们确信能实现自己的愿望。故选A。
42．词句猜测题。根据“Hobbies help build a teen’s confidence (自信). By finding an area of interest, a teen can
build his skills. This leads to positive results and builds teenagers’ confidence.”可知，“积极的”结果会帮助建
立青少年的自信心，划线部分单词意为“积极的”。故选C。
43．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了爱好对于青少年身心发展的好处，也就是说明了青少年
为什么需要爱好的原因。故选C。
（2023·浙江宁波·统考三模）
Children should do housework. Different people have different ideas. A few parents will say that their children
are too busy for housework. Many more of us ask them to do housework, or say we believe in them, but the
housework just doesn’t get done.
That’s a problem. For starters, housework is good for kids. Being a part of the work of running housework
helps children develop an awareness (意识) of the needs of others.
One small study, done over a period of 25 years, found that the best predictor for young adults’ success in their
mid-20s was whether they took part in housework tasks at the age of 3 or 4, Those who early shared responsibilities
developed a sense of responsibility in other areas of their lives.
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But for all that their help matters, few kids are doing much around the house at all. In a survey of 1,000
American adults, 75 percent said they believed normal housework made kids “more responsible”. Yet while 82
percent reported having had normal housework growing up, only 56 percent of those with children said they
required them to do housework.
Sports and homework are not get-out-of-housework-free cards. The goal, after all, is to raise the adults who
can balance (平衡) a caring role in their families and communities with whatever lifetime achievement goals they
choose. Housework teaches that balance.
What should you do when getting children to do housework? Accept no excuses. Don’t worry if you must
repeat yourself again and again. If you’re spending more time getting the child to do this job than it would take to
do it yourself, then you’re doing it right, Can a payment help? Maybe. But if you’re trying to teach kids to share the
responsibility of a home, paying them for normal housework is not the right message.
44．What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A．Housework is a must-do for parents. B．Very few children get housework done
C．Children are very busy with housework.D．Family members should admire each other.
45．What is found in the small study?
A．Housework develops a sense of responsibility.
B．Housework helps a man live a happy life.
C．A child must start doing housework at the age of 3.
D．A man’s success depends on his housework.
46．What docs the writer advise parents to do in the last paragraph?
A．Pay the child for housework. B．Balance housework and study.
C．Do house work by themselves. D．Help the child do housework actively.
47．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A．Parents’ Words Speak Louder B．Housework Matters to Children
C．Children Need More Care at Home D．Adults Do Less Housework in the US
【答案】44．B 45．A 46．D 47．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要以“孩子要做家务”为话题，通过研究和事例，论证做家务对孩子
成长的重要性，鼓励家长督促孩子多参与家务活，培养责任意识。
44．推理判断题。根据第一段“Many more of us ask them to do housework, or say we believe in them, but the
housework just doesn’t get done.”可推断，尽管分派了家务活，但是很少有孩子真正去做。故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据第三段“Those who early shared responsibilities developed a sense of responsibility in
other areas of their lives.”可知，该研究发现做家务活有助于孩子们培养责任意识。故选A。
46．推理判断题。根据最后一段“What should you do when getting children to do housework? Accept no
excuses.”可知，作者建议家长给孩子分派家务活时不接受孩子的任何托词，应该让孩子真正去行动才是关
键。故选D。
47．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，第一段首句“Children should do housework.”为该文的核心话题，并在后
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文论述了做家务可以给孩子带来的好处。B项“家务对儿童至关重要”贴合主旨。故选B。
（2023·江苏南京·南师附中树人学校校考三模）
To learn to think is to learn to question. Those who don’t question never truly think for themselves.
Advancements(进步) are made when thinkers start to question. Unfortunately, it is often the great and respected
thinkers who end up slowing the progress of human thought.
Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist whose ideas explained much of the natural world,
often incorrectly. He was so respected by the scientific community that even 1,200 years after his death, scientists
were still trying to build upon his mistakes rather than correct them! Brilliant minds can make up and coming
thinkers believe they are not as good as the minds of giants such as Aristotle, leading many to accept current ideas
instead of questioning them.
I like many thinkers of the past, once believed in my mental weakness. I was certain that my parents, my
teachers were always right. They were like a textbook to me; I didn’t question what was written on those pages. I
respected them, and accepted whatever they told me. But that attitude soon changed. My mind’s independence was
first developed in the classroom.
Astem, a 65-year-old science teacher, once told me that light is a type of wave. I confidently went through
years of school believing that. One day, however, I heard the German exchange student mention that light could be
made of particles(粒子). I started to question my beliefs. I went to the library, read about Einstein’s discovery that
puzzles the world’s greatest thinkers—Light behaves as both a particle and a wave. I realized I had gone through
life accepting only half of the story as the whole truth.
Each new year brought more new facts, and I found myself in the library after school trying to find my own
answers to gain a more complete understanding of what I thought I already knew. I discovered that my parents and
teachers are good tools in my quest for knowledge, but they are never the final word. That’s how I developed my
independent mind.
Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning. How many things
do we know for sure today that we will question in the future? At this moment, I know that our sun will burn for
another five billion years, and I know nothing can escape the gravity of a black hole. This knowledge, however,
may change in the next 20 years — maybe even in the next two. The one thing we can control now is our openness
to discovery, which is the key to making progress for human beings!
48．In this passage, Aristotle is taken as an example to show that ________.
A．he is the greatest and respected scientist of all
B．huge influence of great thinkers may stop human thought from developing
C．advancements are made when thinkers start to question
D．great thinkers make mistakes and then correct them
49．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 has an adverbial clause which expresses ________.
A．reason B．purpose C．result D．time
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50．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage?
A． B． C． D．
51．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．The author is not quite sure about his future.
B．We human beings are afraid of dreaming about the future.
C．The things about black holes will change in two years.
D．Questioning is necessary to intellectual advancement.
【答案】48．B 49．C 50．B 51．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了学会思考就是学会质疑，不质疑就不会真正地思考。
48．推理判断题。根据第一段“Unfortunately, it is often the great and respected thinkers who end up slowing
the progress of human thought.”可知第一段以亚里上多德为例，就是为了说明这个观点（伟大思想家的巨大
影响可能会阻碍人类思想的发展），故选B。
49．推理判断题。根据第二段“He was so respected by the scientific community that even 1,200 years after his
death, scientists were still trying to build upon his mistakes rather than correct them!”可知在他去世后，人们依然
没有纠正错误，可推知句子中的状语从句表明了结果，故选C。
50．篇章结构题。根据第一段“To learn to think is to learn to question. Those who don’t question never truly
think for themselves. Advancements are made when thinkers start to question.”可知第一段提出学会思考就是学
会质疑的观点。第二段以亚里士多德的例子说明观点，第三段以作者自己为例，进一步论证了质疑的作用，
而第四段和第五段详细介绍了作者培养独立思考的过程，而最后一段在总结质疑是通往知识和真理的道路。
结合选项，只有选项B符合题意，故选B。
51．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to
continue questioning.”可知，最后一段说明了质疑是促进进步的必要条件，故选D。
（2023·河北石家庄·石家庄市第四十一中学校考模拟预测）
People have been trying to find out whether homework is good or bad for school children and they have
different opinions.
Most teachers think that homework is an important part of learning for students. They believe it not only
enables children to practice what they have learned in class, but also helps improve their handwriting. They also say
that homework is able to teach children how to work on the own and work independently. Children will learn how
to use resources (资源) such as texts, libraries and the internet. They think it’s a skill which is important to them in
future life. And the think homework is a good opportunity (机会) to connect parents, classmates, and family
member with children’s education. The better the children’s parents support network, the more likely they are to
succeed in class.
Some parents disagree, though. They think homework puts too much stress on children. They think children
need a break from a subject, so they don’t burn out or lose interest. The time spent on homework could have been
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used to do other activities like reading and playing sports. To back up their opinion, they give the example of
Finland(芬兰). In Finland, student have little homework. But the country remains one of the most educationally
successful countries in the world.
In my opinion, whether the homework is good or bad depends on the purpose of it. If there is no clear reason
for giving homework, the students will not get anything from doing it, so it should not be set. However, I still
believe that homework can really help with children’s learning, if teachers clearly tell them why they should do the
homework and let them know how they will do their homework. Students will get more from homework.
52．Which skill do most teachers think is important to children in future life?
A．To play sports. B．To get help from others.
C．To use resources. D．To have good handwriting.
53．Who suggest giving children more time for reading?
A．Most teachers. B．Some parents. C．Some children. D．The writer.
54．What does the underlined expression “back up” probably mean?
A．Support. B．Correct. C．Accept. D．Refuse.
55．Which of the following would the writer probably agree with?
A．We must learn from Finland. B．Homework with clear reason is good.
C．Students should be polite to their teachers. D．Parents should set good examples for their children.
56．What is the best title for the text?
A．Ways to Deal with Stress B．Purpose of Doing Homework
C．Advice on Improving Education D．Ideas about Children’s Homework
【答案】52．C 53．B 54．A 55．B 56．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了关于孩子家庭作业的不同观点。
52．细节理解题。根据“Children will learn how to use resources (资源) such as texts, libraries and the internet.
They think it’s a skill which is important to them in future life.”可知大多数老师认为学习如何使用资源对孩子
未来的生活很重要。故选C。
53．细节理解题。根据“Some parents disagree...The time spent on homework could have been used to do other
activities like reading and playing sports.”可知一些家长建议给孩子们更多的阅读时间。故选B。
54．词义猜测题。根据“Some parents disagree, though. They think homework puts too much stress on children”
可知一些家长不同意，他们认为家庭作业给孩子们带来了太大的压力。根据“they give the example of
Finland(芬兰). In Finland, student have little homework. But the country remains one of the most educationally
successful countries in the world.”可知这些家长为了支持自己的观点，给出了芬兰的例子，故选A。
55．细节理解题。根据“In my opinion, whether the homework is good or bad depends on the purpose of it. If
there is no clear reason for giving homework, the students will not get anything from doing it, so it should not be
set.”（在我看来，家庭作业是好是坏取决于它的目的。如果没有明确的理由布置作业，学生不会从中得到
任何东西，所以不应该设置。）可知作者认为有明确理由的家庭作业是好的。故选B。
56．最佳标题题。根据“People have been trying to find out whether homework is good or bad for school
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children and they have different opinions.”可知，本文主要介绍了关于孩子家庭作业的不同观点，故选D。
（2023·山东东营·东营市胜利第一初级中学校考三模）
Sociologists（社会学家）, working in western countries, have found that a large number of women wished
they had been born men. The number is said to be as high as 60% in Germany.
“Women often wish they had the same chances as men have; and think it is still men’s world,” said Dr James
Helen, one of the sociologists who had done the study.
Many men say that they have more duties than women. A man has to make money to support his family and to
make the important decision, so it is right for men to be paid more. Some are even against their wives at all. When
wives go out to work, the home and children can’t be taken good care of. If women take full-time jobs, they won’t
be able to do what they are best at doing: making a nice room and bringing up the children.
Some women didn’t agree. They say they want to go out of their rooms and to have freedom to choose
between work and home life. Women have the right of equal pay and equal chances.
Ann Harper has a very good job, she also believes in “Women’s Liberation”. “I don’t wish I were a man,” she
says, “and I don’t think women do. But I do wish people stop treating us like second-class people. At work, for
example, we usually do the work that men do but get paid less. There are still a lot of jobs only to men-usually they
are the best ones. If you are a man, you have a much better chance of living a wonderful life. How many women are
scientists, or engineers?”
57．Many men think ________.
A．women can’t do what men can
B．men have to work much harder than women
C．men can make money more easily than women
D．women’s duty is mainly to do housework at home
58．Anne Harper didn’t wish to be a man ________.
A．because she believed in women’s liberation
B．but she wished to get the same job as men
C．but she wished to be treated the same as a man
D．because she had a good job
59．Many men say that they have more duties than women. Why?
A．A man has to make money to support his family.
B．It is right for men to be paid more.
C．A man has to make the important decision.
D．A, B and C
60．From the passage, Ann Harper believes people often treat women like second-class people, such as ________.
A．at work, women usually do the most work
B．scientists and engineers are all men
C．a man has a much better chance of living a wonderful life
D．all the jobs only to men
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61．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．There are more men scientists, engineers than women ones.
B．Women are second-class people, so they shouldn’t live a better life.
C．Women do the same job as men, but get paid less than men.
D．There are some best jobs that women have few chances to take.
【答案】57．D 58．C 59．D 60．C 61．B
【导语】本文是主要讲述一些学者对于关于男女问题的一些研究和不同方面的考虑。
57．推理判断题。根据“Some are even against their wives at all. When wives go out to work, the home and
children can’t be taken good care of. If women take full-time jobs, they won’t be able to do what they are best at
doing: making a nice room and bringing up the children.”可知，许多男人认为，如果女性从事全职工作，她们
将无法做自己最擅长的事情：打造一个漂亮的房间和抚养孩子，所以许多男人认为女性的主要工作就是在
家料理家务，故选D。
58．细节理解题。根据“But I do wish people stop treating us like second-class people. At work, for example, we
usually do the work that men do but get paid less. There are still a lot of jobs only to men-usually they are the best
ones.”可知，希望不要把女性当成二等人，通常做男性的工作，但得到的报酬较低，所以她是希望被像男
人一样的对待，故选C。
59．细节理解题。根据“Many men say that they have more duties than women. A man has to make money to
support his family and to make the important decision, so it is right for men to be paid more. ”可知，男人要赚钱
养家，要做重要的决定，所以男人得到更多的报酬是正确的，故选D。
60．细节理解题。根据“If you are a man, you have a much better chance of living a wonderful life.”可知，男人
有更好的机会过上美好的生活，故选C。
61．推理判断题。根据“and I don’t think women do. But I do wish people stop treating us like second-class
people.”可知，Ann Harper希望人们停止对待妇女像对待二等人，而不是妇女是二等人，故选B。
（2023·广西来宾·校考一模）
From an early age, we were taught that if we wanted to be successful, we had to study hard and get good
results at school. In fact, good students may just end up doing jobs they don’t like, and some even lead an unhappy
life. Why is it like that?
In some parents’ eyes, school grades matter most for their kids. In reality, there are many things to consider
besides the school subjects, for example, how to be a happy person, what to do to keep healthy, and how to get
along well with others. That is to say, school is not just enough if you want to have a great life.
Doing well in school is different from doing well in life. Studies show that people who failed at school may
not end up failing in life. You may have already known that some famous people, like Thomas Edison and Steve
Jobs, didn’t do very well at school or even failed to finish school. In fact, there are a lot more than just the big
shots who are successful in life without finishing school. They catch every chance to learn and finally make it to the
top.
Life is really a long lesson, so long that you can’t define（界定）a person’s success by just one part of it. If
you have already finished school, keep learning because what you have learned at school will never be enough to
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live a satisfying life. If you are still studying, whether you are good or bad at school, don’t take your school results
too seriously as long as you have put your heart into it. Keep learning to make the most of your talents（天赋）.
That’s how you can live a happy and successful life.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
62．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing Paragraph One?
A．To introduce a topic. B．To give examples. C．To ask a question.
63．In some parents’ eyes, what’s the most important for their kids based on Paragraph Two?
A．Being happy. B．Staying healthy. C．Getting good grades.
64．What does the underlined expression “big shots” in the third paragraph mean?
A．好学生 B．大人物 C．神枪手
65．According to the passage, which sentence may agree with the writer’s idea?
A．It takes money to be successful.
B．Doing well in school is the most important.
C．School grades aren’t everything.
66．What can we learn from the text?
A．Old habits die hard.
B．Learning is a lifelong journey.
C．Good grades always promise a successful life.
【答案】62．A 63．C 64．B 65．C 66．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了学习成绩并不能代表一切，学习应该是一生的旅程。
62．主旨大意题。根据“From an early age, we were taught that if we wanted to be successful, we had to study
hard and get good results at school. In fact, good students may just end up doing jobs they don’t like, and some
even lead an unhappy life. Why is it like that?（从小，我们就被教导，要想成功，就要努力学习，在学校取得
好成绩。事实上，好学生可能只是做他们不喜欢的工作，有些人甚至过着不快乐的生活。为什么会这样
呢？）”可知，作者写第一段主要是为了引出本文主题。故选A。
63．细节理解题。根据“In some parents’ eyes, school grades matter most for their kids.”可知，在一些父母的
眼中，好的学习成绩是最重要的。故选C。
64．词义猜测题。根据“like Thomas Edison and Steve Jobs, didn’t do very well at school or even failed to finish
school.”可知爱迪生和乔布斯是一些没有完成学业，却取得成功的大人物，划线单词表示“大人物”。故选
B。
65．观点态度题。根据“That is to say, school is not just enough if you want to have a great life.”可知，想要拥
有美好生活，只成绩好是不够的，由此可知“学校成绩并不代表一切。”这一句符合作者的观点。故选
C。
66．推理判断题。根据“Life is really a long lesson, so long that you can’t define（界定）a person’s success by
just one part of it. If you have already finished school, keep learning because what you have learned at school will
never be enough to live a satisfying life. ”可知，即使完成学业了也要继续学习，学习是一个终生旅程。故选
B。
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（2023·河北廊坊·统考三模）
As the saying goes, “Where there is an opportunity(机会), there is a challenge.” Before a piano grade test, I
felt I was not skilled enough to pass the exam, so I wanted to give up the chance. I told my music teacher what I
thought. However, she said, “You can certainly pass the grade test, because you can play very well”. After hearing
this, I was fill of confidence and finally I passed the grade test. Through this experience, I understand that the secret
of success in life is to take the opportunity when it comes.
But we must keep in mind that opportunities always come to those who are prepared. On the road of our life,
we will have many opportunities. The problem is that most of us usually miss the opportunities, or when they come,
we don’t act. In the end, we complain(抱怨) about our bad luck and ourselves.
Challenges are the difficulties we meet with which we can’t and should not avert. Every time we overcome a
difficulty, we will take a step forward, and new difficulties will stand in our way. We have no choice but to face the
difficulties.
The road of our life is not always wide or straight. We always have to face curved(弯曲的) roads. Wide roads
and straight roads are like opportunities. Curved roads are like challenges. So opportunities and challenges always
come together.
67．How did the writer feel before the piano grade test?
A．Excited. B．Lonely. C．Confident. D．Worried.
68．What kind of problem do most of us have according to the second paragraph?
A．We refuse to accept others’ help. B．We don’t have enough opportunities.
C．We have to deal with our bad luck. D．We fail to take the opportunities.
69．What does the underlined word “avert” probably mean?
A．Avoid. B．Catch. C．Notice. D．Forget.
70．What is the relationship between opportunities and challenges?
A．They sometimes come together.
B．They always come together.
C．They seldom come together.
D．They hardly come together.
71．What is the best title for this passage?
A．Opportunity & Success B．Difficulty & Hope
C．Challenge & Progress D．Opportunity & Challenge
【答案】67．D 68．D 69．A 70．B 71．D
【导语】本文作者用自己的经历向我们证明了机遇和挑战总是相伴而来的。
67．细节理解题。根据“Before a piano grade test, I felt I was not skilled enough to pass the exam”（在一次钢
琴等级考试之前，我觉得我的技能还不够好，无法通过考试）可知，作者是担心的，故选D。
68．细节理解题。根据“The problem is that most of us usually miss the opportunities, or when they come, we
don’t act.”可知，问题是，我们大多数人经常错过机会，或者当机会来临时，我们不采取行动。故选D。
69．词义猜测题。根据下文“We have no choice but to face the difficulties.”（除了面对困难，我们别无选
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择。）可知，划线单词所在句是指我们不能也不应该回避挑战，所以划线单词表示“回避，避免”，与划
线单词avoid同义，故选A。
70．细节理解题。根据“So opportunities and challenges always come together.”可知，机遇和挑战总是相伴而
来的，故选B。
71．最佳标题题。本文作者用自己的经历向我们证明了机遇和挑战总是相伴而来的，全文围绕着机会和挑
战来展开的，故选D。
（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）
Host: As we know, the British have been sending cards since the 19th century. They spend about
1,700,000,000 pounds on cards every year. However, the number of people sending cards and letters is falling.
More than 30 percent of UK children have never sent or received a handwritten letter. Should the tradition of
sending cards and letters be stopped?
Group A: Group B:The tradition has been around for
We live in a fast-developing world and using snail hundreds of years and should stay. Sending a
mail is unnecessary. Making paper uses lots of energy handwritten letter or carefully chosen card shows that
and some cards are hard to recycle. It’s bad for you care. Phone messages and emails are quick and
environment. What’s more, cards are expensive to buy easy, but they seem to carry less feeling. Sending
and so is posting. Nowadays, we usually use our phones letters is good for children because it is a chance to
and computers because they are quick, easy and free. practice writing skills. Also, it’s fun! Receiving post
Traditional cards and letters are out of date. They are not makes you feel special and it’s important if someone
young people’s cup of tea. It’s no surprise that most of lives far away or is lonely—just imagine a birthday
them end up as litter. without cards!
72．What’s the discussion mainly about?
A．When the British send cards and letters.
B．Whether the British should keep the tradition.
C．Why the British like sending cards and letters.
73．Who thinks it’s necessary to keep the tradition?
A．The host. B．Group A． C．Group B．
74．Which picture can show the meaning of the underlined word snail?
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A． B． C．
75．What does Group A think of sending cards?
A．Free but slow. B．Fast but expensive. C．Wasteful and expensive.
76．Which of the following facts directly caused the discussion?
A．People have different opinions.
B．Fewer British people send cards and letters.
C．The British spend too much money on cards and letters.
【答案】72．B 73．C 74．A 75．C 76．B
【导语】本文在讨论英国人是否应该保留寄卡片和信件这一传统。
72．主旨大意题。根据“As we know, the British have been sending cards since the 19th century...Should the
tradition of sending cards and letters be stopped?”可知本文在讨论英国人是否应该保留寄卡片和信件这一传统。
故选B。
73．细节理解题。根据Group B“The tradition has been around for hundreds of years and should stay”可知B组
认为有必要保持传统。故选C。
74．细节理解题。根据“We live in a fast-developing world and using snail mail is unnecessary.”可知我们生活
在一个快速发展的世界。所以此处表示的是和“快速发展”含义相反，结合图片可知，蜗牛移动速度很慢，
符合题意，故选A。
75．细节理解题。根据“Making paper uses lots of energy and some cards are hard to recycle. It’s bad for
environment. What’s more, cards are expensive to buy and so is posting. Nowadays, we usually use our phones and
computers because they are quick, easy and free.”可知A组认为寄卡片既浪费又昂贵。故选C。
76．推理判断题。根据全文可知本文在讨论英国人是否应该保留寄卡片和信件这一传统，B选项“更少的
英国人寄卡片和信件”可以直接引起文章的讨论，故选B。
（2023·四川眉山·统考中考真题）
Do you like to travel alone? Or do you think it’s better to travel with friends? If you’re still deciding, please
read on. I will explain the advantages of both ways.
One of the great things about traveling alone is that you make the rules about where you go and what you eat.
You’ll be surprised at what you discover about yourself without any influence.
Traveling alone really shows you what you’re made of and helps you to discover inner strength (内心的力量)
you didn’t know you had. Besides, it also gives you time to think, learn and grow. When your eyes are wide open,
you’ll get a whole new outlook on the world.
It’s easy to think that traveling alone is lonely. Although that may sometimes be true, you’re hardly ever alone.
When you travel in a one-person team, this can provide a chance for you to enjoy the most interesting part of travel
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—communicating with the locals and meeting travelers from all corners of the world.
In fact, traveling to know more about the world is not easy. There’s research to be done, flights to be booked
and choices to be made, not to mention that things can—and often do—go wrong. One of the main advantages of
traveling with friends is being able to share these things and support each other through the process, even if it’s just
someone who will wait with your bag when you go to the bathroom.
Just as your mother always says, it’s true that traveling with others can give you a sense of safety, especially if
you’re new to travel. You know that if you get lost or have your wallet stolen, there’s someone to hold your hand
when you try to explain your situation in a foreign police station.
There’s no right or wrong way to travel. Whether you travel alone or team up with friends, it depends on you.
77．How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage in Paragraph 1?
A．By telling a story. B．By giving examples.
C．By asking questions. D．By describing a scene.
78．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Traveling alone. B．Inner strength.
C．Outside influence. D．Traveling with others.
79．Traveling with friends has the following advantages EXCEPT ________.
A．sharing a lot of things B．knowing yourself better
C．getting support easily D．having a sense of safety
80．What’s the structure of the passage?
(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2… )
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】77．C 78．A 79．B 80．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了独自旅行以及和朋友旅行的优点。
77．细节理解题。根据“Do you like to travel alone? Or do you think it’s better to travel with friends?”可知作者
通过两个问题引出本文的话题。故选C。
78．词义猜测题。根据“Traveling alone really shows you what you’re made of and helps you to discover inner
strength (内心的力量) you didn’t know you had. Besides, it also gives you time to think”可知独自旅行真的向你
展示了自己的实力，并帮助你发现内心的力量，它也给你思考、学习和成长的时间，故此处it指代“独自
旅行”。故选A。
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79．细节理解题。根据“One of the main advantages of traveling with friends is being able to share these things
and support each other through the process”可知与朋友一起旅行的主要优势之一是能够分享这些东西，并在
整个过程中相互支持；根据“it’s true that traveling with others can give you a sense of safety”可知与他人一起
旅行确实能给你一种安全感。故选B。
80．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出文章的主题；第二至第四段介绍独自旅行的优点；第五至第
六段介绍和朋友旅行的优点；第七段进行总结。故选A。
（2023·山东德州·统考中考真题）
Is fake grass better than a living grass lawn?
What do you need to know?
· Fake grass is made from different types of plastics and used in gardens as well as sports grounds.
· More and more people are using fake grass to replace living grass lawns (草坪) and cover other outdoor spaces.
· One company selling fake grass has sold 50% more compared with last year.
· Some people think fake grass is bad for wildlife and the environment, and mustn’t be sold.
LAST WEEK’S POLL (投票)
Last week, we asked if fake grass was better than a real lawn. Most readers
Environment protectors’ opinion
said they preferred the natural kind of green space, especially because it’s
There has been a large rise in
much better for wildlife.
the number of fake lawns.
Yes—fake grass
Environment protectors say fake
No—fake grass should be replaced
makes gardening easyFake
grass lawns destroy (破坏) wildlife
with real grassGardens bring all kinds of
grass not only looks tidier,
habitats
nature into our lives. Birds can peck (啄食)
it’s also easier to care for,
(栖息地) at a time when we
through lawns for bugs and worms, and
especially for people who
should be trying to improve the
underground wildlife will not be starved of
find gardening difficult or
environment, which is not friendly to
food.
boring.
animals, birds or insects like bees
Plastic grass also heats up more than a
Fake grass can be
which are important to us. However,
natural lawn. In warm weather, it can be
swept and cleaned, but a
looking after a garden can be hard
too hot for bare (光脚的) feet or paws to
natural lawn needs mowing
work, which not everybody is willing
stand on.
(修剪), weeding (除草) and
or able to do.
Also, there is now no easy way to
watering, which takes effort
recycle plastic lawns, so most will end up
and isn’t always good for
in rubbish dumps (堆). One of the best
the environment.
things about real grass gardens is that it’s
A fake grass lawn
rewarding (值得做的). You can’t plant
looks fresh, bright and
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flowers on a plastic lawn. Even a tiny real
colourful in a shady (背阴 grass lawn—which provides food for birds
的) outdoor space. and a home for insects, plants and other
wildlife—is better than a fake, plastic one.
81．What does the word “fake” mean in the passage?
A．Colourful. B．Unreal. C．Wild. D．Living.
82．What do 11% of the readers in the poll probably think of fake grass?
A．It looks untidy and hard to care for.
B．It makes gardening difficult or boring.
C．It takes effort to mow. weed and water.
D．It makes shady space bright.
83．What do 89% of the readers in the poll probably think of fake grass?
A．Friendly to wildlife. B．Hot for bare feet in warm days.
C．Rewarding. D．Easy to recycle.
84．Which is mentioned in the passage?
A．Fake grass can be used indoors too.
B．50% more companies sold fake grass last year.
C．Some people think fake grass mustn’t be sold.
D．Everybody is willing to use fake grass.
85．Which is the main idea of the passage?
A．What is fake grass?
B．Gardening is hard work.
C．Fake grass is better than a living grass lawn.
D．People have different opinions about fake grass.
【答案】81．B 82．D 83．B 84．C 85．D
【导语】本文是人们对于人工草坪的不同看法。
81．词义猜测题。根据“Last week, we asked if fake grass was better than a real lawn.”可知，fake应是与real
相反的词义，也就是“假的”，与unreal词义相近，故选B。
82．细节理解题。根据“A fake grass lawn looks fresh, bright and colourful in a shady (背阴的) outdoor space.”
可知，调查中11%的读者认为它可以使阴凉的空间明亮，故选D。
83．细节理解题。根据“In warm weather, it can be too hot for bare (光脚的) feet or paws to stand on.”可知，
调查中89%的读者认为在温暖的日子里光脚很热，故选B。
84．细节理解题。根据“Some people think fake grass is bad for wildlife and the environment, and mustn’t be
sold”可知，有些人认为人造草对野生动物和环境有害，不应该出售，故选C。
85．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是人们对于人工草坪的不同看法，故选D。
（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）
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One teacher praises a student by saying “You’re so smart!” Another teacher says, “You must have worked
really hard at this!” Which student does better in school? Studies show that students who hear the words of the
second teacher will do better. Those students are learning that their effort is important.
Psychologists（心理学家）looked at what students did after they were given different types of praise. Some
students were told that they were good at a task. They didn’t try very hard the next time. Other students were told
that they had worked hard at a task. They worked even harder the next time. The first group of students was
learning that they had a set amount of skill. They didn’t think they could do any better. This is called a fixed
mindset（思维模式）. The second group was learning that they could do better if they kept trying. This is called a
growth mindset. People who have a growth mindset believe that the brain can grow; people can do better and learn
new skills. If they work hard, they can be successful.
How can teachers and parents help students succeed? They can focus mainly on effort and not simply on
ability. When students succeed, teachers and parents should praise the actual work rather than intelligence（智力）
or talent. When students fail, they should be told how they can do better. Teachers, parents and students need to
value effort, not intelligence.
Beliefs of Fixed and Growth Mindsets
Fixed Mindset Growth Mindset
Things you’re born with that cannot Things you can grow and improve with
change hard work
Something to avoid—could show lack of
Something important—leads to success
skill
Things to avoid—in case you aren’t good
Things that help you learn
enough
86．What kind of people have fewer chances to succeed according to the article?
A．People with a growth mindset. B．People with a fixed mindset.
C．People who often learn from challenges.D．People who often learn from mistakes.
87．From the form we can know people with a growth mindset consider challenges as ________.
A．things they’re born with B．things they need to avoid
C．things that help them learn D．things that stop them improving
88．How does the writer organize the ideas in the article?
A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers.
C．By drawing mind maps. D．By comparing facts.
【答案】86．B 87．C 88．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了固定型思维和成长型思维的区别，告诉我们应该更注重后天努力，而
不是与生俱来的智力才能。
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86．推理判断题。根据“Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didn’t try very hard the
next time”及“The first group of students was learning that they had a set amount of skill. They didn’t think they
could do any better. This is called a fixed mindset（思维模式）.”可知，文章介绍了拥有固定型思维模式的学
生在面对一项任务时，如果受到了夸赞表扬，那么下一次他们就不会再继续努力了，故可推知拥有固定型
思维的人获得成功的机会较小。故选B。
87．推理判断题。根据表格最后一行Challenges中“Things that help you learn”可知，拥有成长型思维的人
会把挑战视为可以帮助他们学习的事情。故选C。
88．推理判断题。根据第二段“Psychologists（心理学家）looked at what students did after they were given
different types of praise. Some students were told that they were good at a task. They didn’t try very hard the next
time. Other students were told that they had worked hard at a task. They worked even harder the next time.”可知，
文章第二段介绍了两组不同的学生在接受不同表扬后的行为表现，说明了固定型思维和成长型思维的不同；
故文章通过对比事实来组织文章中心思想。故选D。
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