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必修第三册 Unit 2 Making a difference
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
(2024·山东济南期末)
As the world has changed，so has education.Since 2018，Nelly Cheboi and her nonprofit
TechLit Africa have been bringing computer technology into schools in Kenya，helping students
join the digital world，and unlock their potential.With its own software programs，curriculum(课
程) and teacher training programs，this nonprofit hopes to change Africa.
In 2012，Cheboi received a scholarship to College in Illinois that changed her life.She grew
up in poverty in rural Kenya，watching her mother struggle to support her family alone.Cheboi
had no experience with computers before moving to the US to study.She handwrote papers and then
struggled to type them out on a laptop computer.Somehow she fell in love with computer science
and began a career in the field.But she did not lose sight of her origins.“As an undergraduate，I
invested all of my income from various campus jobs into my community back in Kenya，” she
said on the TechLit Africa website.But soon she wanted to do more for it and that is how TechLit
Africa began.
Cheboi recalled how her background helped her understand how important technological
knowledge could be for children living in poverty.She built a school with the idea of bringing
computer science as part of kids’ curriculum growing up.But she found that it was going to be
really hard to impact as many people as possible，because it was so hard to fund raise.Then in
order to reach more students ， she introduced computer training to existing schools.Cheboi
physically dragged over 40 recycled computers that had been donated to them by various tech
companies to Kenya in suitcases.
Now，since the nonprofit has grown，it works with various companies that help them clean
the donated computers of data and send them to Africa.TechLit Africa runs its own curriculum with
its own software programs in 10 Kenyan schools，and the hope is to increase to 100 throughout
Africa by next year.The students love learning about computers，and in turn are gaining skills that
will help them make use of their talents into a way out of poverty.
1．What has Cheboi been doing since 2018?
A．Boosting her science career.
B．Promoting digital education.
C．Starting a scholarship program.
D．Updating the computer courses.
2．What inspired Cheboi to set up TechLit Africa?A．Her love for computer science.
B．Her desire to help her hometown.
C．Her dream of supporting her family.
D．Her childhood experience in the US.
3．What do we know about Cheboi from paragraph 3?
A．She hopes to help more kids.
B．She plans to build new schools.
C．She seeks to develop new courses.
D．She calls for donations of computers.
4．Which of the following can best describe Cheboi?
A．Sensitive. B．Considerate. C．Devoted. D．Cooperative.
B
If you’ve ever emerged from the shower or returned from your walk with a clever idea or a
solution to a problem you had been struggling with ，it may not be a surprise.Rather than
constantly concentrating on a problem，research from the last 15 years suggests that people may
be more likely to have creative breakthroughs when they’re doing a habitual task that doesn’t
require much thought.
“People always get surprised when they realize they get interesting ， novel ideas at
unexpected times，” says Kalina Christoff，a scientist at the University of British Columbia in
Vancouver，“because our culture tells us that we should do it through hard work.”
Now researchers begin to understand why these clever thoughts occur during more passive
activities and what’s happening in the brain.They have found that the key is a series of brain
activities—within what’s called the default mode(DM) network—that occur while an individual
is resting or performing habitual tasks that don’t require much attention.
“Simply put，it is a state that your brain returns to when you’re relaxed，” explains
Christoff.“By contrast，when you’re working on a demanding task，the brain’s executive
control(EC) systems keep your thinking focused，analytical，and logical.”
Researchers find that the DM network is also involved in the early stages of idea generation，
drawing from past experiences and knowledge about the world.When your mind wanders ，
you’re allowing thoughts to playfully cross your mind，which helps you combine information
and ideas in new ways and something clicks.
“A cautionary note：While the DM network plays a key role in the creative process，it is
the EC systems that help you to evaluate and apply the creative ideas effectively to your problems
in the real world，” Christoff says.“So it’s unwise to place blind faith in the discovery that
creative ideas can be generated in the shower or during any other kinds of mind
wandering.Instead，you have to do the work to set the groundwork for creative ideas to emerge in
the first place.”5．What is the most unlikely function of the EC systems?
A．To start your thinking process. B．To help you analyze.
C．To let you get novel ideas. D．To keep you focused.
6．What does the underlined part “something clicks” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．A clever idea occurs. B．Something drops down.
C．A memory disappears. D．A funny thought happens.
7．What is Kalina Christoff’s attitude to the culture of hard work?
A．Disapproving. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.
8．Which statement might the author agree with?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．Where there is a will，there is a way.
C．Everything comes to him who waits.
D．All work and no break makes Jack a dull boy.
Ⅱ.完形填空
I recently attended a wedding in Canada，in the countryside.When the taxi driver sent us back
at midnight，I was 1 worried all the way home about tipping him since I was not rich.I 2
nervously in my purse and realized that all I had was a $100 note，which I was keeping for a(n)
3 ，nothing else but two chocolates from the wedding.I couldn’t not tip him，so I was 4
between a rock and a hard place.I handed in the note at last，controlling the urge to ask for 5 .
Tipping has long been a source of 6 interactions throughout the world.Tipping customs
7 wildly from country to country，which generates no small amount of 8 .Norwegians，
who come from a culture where wages are high and tips are low，could 9 people in Las
Vegas with their tiny offerings. 10 ，high-tipping Americans might anger people in Tokyo
because good service in Japan is a 11 of honour.
Such an embarrassed mess often occurs because there’s no 12 logic to any of
this.None! Similarly，a 2016 study from Cornell University 13 that people are twice as likely
to tip a supermarket delivery person than a supermarket store worker.Why is that？And nobody can
work out the reasons for this 14 .
Perhaps，tipping one and not the other only 15 in terms of what has become customary.
1．A.helplessly B．curiously C．secretly D．strangely
2．A.selected B．fished C．weighed D．calculated
3．A.emergency B．tip C．award D．deal
4．A.buried B．lost C．stuck D．locked
5．A.gratitude B．permission C．help D．change
6．A.common B．awkward C．necessary D．active
7．A.vary B．spread C．grow D．work8．A.panic B．harm C．bond D．confusion
9．A.amuse B．astonish C．annoy D．satisfy
10．A.Therefore B．Likewise C．Otherwise D．Furthermore
11．A.matter B．choice C．way D．trick
12．A.official B．convenient C．practical D．consistent
13．A.found B．ensured C．confirmed D．witnessed
14．A.assumption B．concept C．difference D．accident
15．A.pays off B．takes place C．takes effect D．makes sense
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2024·浙江杭州期中)
“Painting is just another way of keeping a diary，” said Spanish artist Pablo Picasso.Wu
Liren has been maintaining such a “diary” of the Grand Canal 1. 1978.
The 65-year-old painter from Hangzhou City，Zhejiang Province，has been using ink and
brush for more than 40 years 2. (record) the beauty of the arterial(干线的)
waterway，the hospitality of local residents and the richness of culture 3. flows all
the way.
Wu says memories and emotions run deep in his paintings ， and these are far 4.
(important) than any technical perfection.“My art has always been about the Grand
Canal.Sometimes I paint what I 5. (see) in the past and sometimes I reproduce what I
heard about people who lived by the canal，” he says.
Wu believes the Grand Canal is often compared with the West Lake，one of the most famous
scenic 6. (attraction) in Hangzhou.“The West Lake is seen as a beautiful treasure that
needs to be cared for.But the Grand Canal is like our mother，who has watched us grow up，earn
a living along her busy banks，leave her in search of a better future 7. return to her
embrace later on，” he says.
Recently，Wu completed a 100-meter-long scroll(卷轴) painting of the canal’s Tangxi-Xixing
stretch in Hangzhou.“I have actually painted the entire Grand Canal in Hangzhou,8. (borrow)
historical anecdotes from every dynasty，” Wu 9. (proud) says.“The story of the
canal needs to be told and the culture it represents must 10. (pass) down.”
