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Unit5 What are the shirts made of?
第五课时(分层作业)
基础达标
一、汉译英:单词/短语
翻译
1.变成
2.发送;派遣
3.处于困难之中
4.升入空中
5.剪纸
6.在高温下
7.被用来做……
8.地下停车场
9.在午夜
10.例如
【答案】
1.turn into 2.send out 3.be in trouble 4.rise into the air 5.paper
cutting 6.at a very high heat 7.be used for doing sth 8.the underground
parking lot 9.at midnight 10.such as
【解析】1.turn into是固定短语,把…变成…,后面可以跟名词作宾语。
2.send out发送,派遣,是一个固定的动词短语。
3.be in trouble处在困难中,是一个系表结构的短语,trouble是名词,“困难”,在
介词in后作宾语,组成介词短语,作表语,表示状态。
4.rise上升,是一个动词;into到…里面;air空气。rise into the air是一个短语,升入
空中。
5.paper cutting是一个名词短语,意思是剪纸。
6.at a very high heat在高温下,是一个固定短语。短语中heat是名词,意思是“高温,
热度”。
7.be used for…被用来…,是一个固定短语,被动结构,used是过去分词形式,for是
介词,后面跟名词或者动名词形式。be used for doing sth.被用来做…。
8.underground 地下的,是一个形容词;parking lot停车场,名词短语。the
1underground parking lot组成了一个短语,地下停车场。
9.midnight午夜,半夜;at midnight是固定短语,在午夜。
10.such as是固定短语,例如。
【点睛】这个题目是汉译英,考查了一些固定短语和句型。如第1小题和第2小题,
这是两个固定的动词短语;第3小题是介词短语in trouble,常位于系动词be后作表语。
再如第7小题,考查了一个固定句型be used for doing sth.被用来做…,for后要跟动名
词形式。
二、根据首字母填空
根据句意和所给汉语完成句子。每空一词。
11.A new (国际的)school will be built in our city next year.
12.Each different part of China has its own special (形式)of traditional art.
13.I saw many colors of (气球)flying in the sky in our neighborhood.
14.The market is quite (生机勃勃的)in the morning.
15.I need to cut the paper with a pair of (剪刀).
【答案】11.international 12.forms 13.balloons 14.lively 15.
scissors
【解析】11.句意:明年在我们城市将会有一个新的国际学校将会被建成。
根据所给空的汉语意思以及后面的school可知,应该是形容词作定语,故答案填
international。
12.句意:中国的每一个地区都有其独特的传统艺术形式。
根据所给空汉语意思以及前面的special“独特的”形容词修饰名词,Each different part
of China可知,应该用的是名词复数,故答案填forms。
13.句意:我看到许多颜色的飞舞在我们附近的天空中。
根据所给空汉语意思以及前面的many colors of可知,应该用的是名词复数,故答案填
balloons。
14.句意:早晨市场是生机勃勃的。
根据所给空汉语意思以及前面的is quite可知,应该是形容词原形作表语,故答案填
lively。
15.句意:我需要一把剪刀来剪纸。
根据所给空的汉语意思以及“剪刀”本身就是复数,修饰时,要用量词修饰,故答案
2填scissors。
三、根据汉语提示填空
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
16.Mike is a (活泼的)child.
17.The sun (使变热)the earth.
18.WeChat is one of the most widely used (形式)of communication today.
19.He flew hundreds of miles in a hot-air (气球).
20.To cut paper, he bought a pair of (剪刀).
【答案】16.lively 17.heats 18.forms 19.balloon 20.scissors
【解析】16.句意:迈克是一个活泼的孩子。
根据汉语提示可知,英语中活泼的是lively,并且在此句中活泼的修饰名词child,应该
用形容词形式,所以填lively。
17.句意:太阳使地球变得很热。
根据汉语提示可知,英语中变热是heat,是一个动词,而在此句中主语是单数名词,
所以动词应该用三单形式,所以填heats。
18.句意:微信是如今交流使用最广泛的一种形式。
根据汉语提示可知,英语中形式是form,而这里表示最……之一,所以名词应该用复
数形式,所以这里填forms。
19.句意:他乘热气球飞了几百英里。
根据汉语提示可知,英语中气球是balloon,这里表示热气球应该是hot-air balloon,所
以直接填balloon。
20.句意:为了剪纸,他买了一把剪刀。
根据汉语提示可知,英语中剪刀是scissor,因为剪刀是由两部分组成的名词,所以这
种名词一般出现都是以复数形式,一把剪刀是a pair of scissors,所以这里填scissors。
【点睛】根据汉语提示完成句子的题目首先要根据中文意思知道这个单词应该是什么,
然后再根据句子结构的分析,了解这个地方应该填什么形式,比如本题中第二小题
The sun _________(使变热)the earth.根据中文知道变热是heat之后,再由句子主语
可知,这里动词应该填单数形式,所以填heats。
四、多句选词填空
3用所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
rise,light,finish,shape,turn into
21.Usually,the most common things objects of beauty.
22.Look!The sky lantern into the air slowly.
23.People the clay art by hand very soon.
24.The room was so dark that the girl a candle to make it bright.
25.The student all his tasks,so he is very happy.
【答案】21.are turned into 22.is rising 23.will shape 24.lit/lighted
25.has finished
【解析】21.句意:通常,最常见的东西都会变成美的东西。
根据所给空前面的the most common things和后面的objects of beauty是相反的意思,可
知,应该是“变成”,主语是the most common things“最常见的东西”不能发出turn
into“变成”这个动作,所以要用被动语态,由usually可知,用一般现在时且主语是复
数,故答案填are turned into。
22.句意:看!天上的灯笼正慢慢地升到空中。
根据所给空前面的The sky lantern可知,应该是rise“上升”,Look为现在进行时的标
志词且主语是The sky lantern,故答案填is rising。
23.句意:人们很快就会手工塑造泥塑艺术。
根据所给空后面的the clay art可知,应该用的是shape“塑造”,soon为将来时的标志
词,故答案填will shape。
24.句意:房间太黑了,女孩点了一支蜡烛使它明亮起来。
根据所给空后面的a candle可知,应该是light“点燃”,由The room was so dark可知,
时态为一般过去时,light的过去式为lit或lighted,故答案填lit/lighted。
25.句意:这个学生已经完成了所有的任务,所以他非常开心。
根据所给空后面的all his tasks可知,应该是finish“完成”,由so he is very happy可知,
应该是“过去发生的动作对现在造成了影响”且主语是the student,故答案填has
finished。
能力提升
五、单项选择
26.No matter __________,she is always with her family at weekends.
A.how she is busyB.how busy is she C.how is she busy D.how busy she
4is
【答案】D
【详解】句意:无论她多忙,她在周末的时候总是和她的家人呆在一起。
No matter how修饰形容词或副词时,该形容词或副词必须紧跟其后,故排除A和C,
根据no matter引导的让步状语从句,从句用陈述语序,故答案选D。
27.Today,sky lanterns __________ as bright symbols of good wishes.
A.saw B.see C.will see D.are seen
【答案】D
【详解】句意:今天,天灯被视为美好愿望的明亮象征。
根据所给空前面的sky lanterns“天上的灯笼”主语发不出see“看见”这个动作,所以要
用被动语态,故答案选D。
28.After __________,they are fried __________ a very high heat.
A.drying;on B.drying;at C.dried;at D.dried;on
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在死了之后,它们在高温下被炸了。
after后面直接加一个动词时,它是作为一个介词,动词用ing形式,排除C和D,at a
very high heat“在高温下”为固定搭配,故答案选B。
【点睛】1、after后面直接加一个动词时,它是作为一个介词,动词用ing形式。
2、after是引导一个从句,从句是一个独立完整的句子,可以用各种时态和语态。
3、after做介词时,后面只能加名词/代词/动名词短语(doing sth),形成介宾短语,做句
子的状语(时间状语/地点状语)。
4、after做连词时,引导一个时间状语从句,意思是“在...之后”
例如题目中的后面直接跟动词,可知,应该用的是doing的形式,所以答案是drying。
29.─Why did you stay up late last night?
─Because I was asked to __________ my work yesterday.
A.complete B.admire C.punish D.suggest
【答案】A
【详解】句意:昨晚你为什么熬夜了?—因为昨天我被要求完成我的工作。
本题考查的是动词辨析,A. complete完成;B. admire赞赏;C. punish惩罚;D. suggest
建议,根据所给空后面的my work可知,应该是“完成”,故答案选A。
30.The computer has influenced people's life since it __________.
A.invents B.invented C.is invented D.was invented
【答案】D
【详解】句意:自从电脑被发明,它就已经影响了人们的生活。
5根据所给空前面的it是主语发不出invent“发明”这个动作,所以要用被动语态,排除
A和B,since引导的时间状语从句,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时,故答案
选D。
31.─Why does the earth look blue in space?
─Because most of the earth's surface __________ by the ocean.
A.covers B.is covered C.cover D.are covered
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——为什么在太空中地球看起来是蓝色的?——因为地球表面大部分
都是被海洋覆盖的。
考查被动语态。cover表示“覆盖”,动词原形;covers第三人称单数形式;is covered
被动语态,主语是不可数名词或者可数名词单数;are covered被动语态,主语是可数
名词复数。most of the earth's surface作主语,不可数名词,谓语动词用is。主语与
cover之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态。故选B。
32.(易错题)I tried _________ there on time, but I was too late.
A.not to get to B.not to get C.to get D.getting
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我尽量按时到那儿,但我还是太迟了。
根据句意理解可知,这里表示尽力做某事,英语中表达结构是try to do sth.意为“尽力
做某事”,try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事”,由连词but表示转折可知,表达的应该
是尽量按时到达那里,故选C。
33.As far as we know, roses are seen _________ love.
A.for B.with C.as D.to
【答案】C
【详解】句意:众所周知,玫瑰花被看作爱情。
A.for为了; B.with带有,具有; C.as作为; D.to到,朝……方向。本题考查介
词的辨析,根据句意理解可知,这里表示被看做,英语中表示当做,作为的介词是
as,be seen as意为“被看作……”,是固定搭配。所以选择C。
34.Can you help me _________ the time for all the flights to Beijing?
A.look for B.look after C.find out D.find
【答案】C
【详解】句意:你能帮我查明所有飞往北京的航班的时间吗?
A. look for意为“寻找”;B. look after意为“照顾”;C. find out意为“查明;弄清
楚”;D. find意为“找到”;根据句意理解可知,这里表示查出航班的时间,应该是
6需要搜索才能得出的结果,所以应该用find out,所以选择C。
【点睛】英语中表示“寻找”的词的辨析要注意。look for强调找的动作,find强调找
的结果,find out强调通过调查才能得出的结论,做题要根据句意选择合适的词。
35.— What’s this?
— ________ a cat. ________ name is Mimi.
A.It’s; It’s B.It’s; Its C.Its; It’s D.Its; Its
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——这是什么?——它是只猫,它的名字是咪咪。
考查代词辨析。It’s它是;Its它的。根据问句可知答语第一句是It作主语,谓语动词
用is。第二个空是形容词性物主代词修饰名词name,a cat对应的形容词性物主代词是
Its。故选B。
36.Lily, here’s an e-mail for my friend. Could you please help me ________?
A.send up it B.send it up C.send out it D.send it out
【答案】D
【详解】句意:莉莉,这是给我朋友的电子邮件。你能帮我把它发送出去吗?
考查动词短语。send up发射;send out发送。根据“e-mail”可知,应该是发送子邮件,
send out符合语境,send out是“动词+副词”结构的短语,代词作宾语应放在两词之间。
故选D。
37.Miss Gao is very popular with her students, because she always makes her classes
_________.
A.lively B.alive C.difficult D.boring
【答案】A
【详解】句意“高老师很受她的学生欢迎,因为她总是使她的课堂生动活泼。
A. lively“活泼的,富有生机的”;B. alive“活着的”;C. difficult“困难的”;D.
boring“乏味的”;根据句意可知,“受学生欢迎”是因为“课堂生动活泼”,所以选
择A。
六、阅读还原7选5
A recent survey has shown that China is considered to be the most "industrious" nation in
the world, 38 . The survey─with more than 8,000 people surveyed from Canada,
France,Germany,India,Netherlands,the UK and the US-ranks their“industriousness”
(勤奋度),which describes the level to which a country is“hard-working,creative in
producing new ideas or products”.
7According to the international survey , 39 ,followed by workers from Germany
and the US. Employees from France are considered to be the laziest people in the world. German
employees replied confidently to the survey,placing themselves first in the order of global
industriousness. French employees,on the other hand,seem to know their limitations(能
力局限) 40 .
A German newspaper reported that Chinese employees work on average 44.6 hours per
week 41 .
42 Chinese employees have only ten days of paid leave on average,while German
employees have twenty-five days.
Industriousness Rankings: China,Germany,the US,Canada,India,the UK,
Netherlands,France.
根据短文内容,从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多
余选项。
A.employees from China get the second place in the list
B.Although China has more public holidays than Germany
C.and many of those surveyed placed France in the last place
D.Chinese employees are the most industrious people in the world
E.while German employees average about 33.5 hours of work per week
F.according to the research from Monster Worldwide and GFK,a German global market
research institute
【答案】38.F 39.D 40.C 41.E 42.B
【分析】文章大意:文章主要介绍了一个调查报告,告诉我们中国员工是世界上最勤
奋的员工,而法国员工则被列成了最懒惰的员工。
38.根据第一段第一行A recent survey has shown that……. “一个调查表明”,故知此处
说的是:根据这个来自……的调查,故答案选F。
39.根据第三段第一行A German newspaper reported that Chinese employees work on
average 44.6 hours per week“报道指出中国的员工每周工作44.6个小时”,故知此处说
的是:中国员工是世界上最勤奋的人们。故答案选D。
40.根据文章第二段第二行“Employees from France are considered to be the laziest
people in the world”可知,法国排在最后,和前文一致,故知此处说的是:许多被调查
者把法国排在最后,故答案选C。
841.根据所给空前面的句子“A German newspaper reported that Chinese employees work
on average 44.6 hours per week”一份德国的报纸报道:中国的员工每周工作44.6个小时,
可知,应该是两国雇员的工作时间对比,故此处说的是:德国员工平均每周工作33.5
小时,故选E。
42.根据上下文语境可知,空格5处为逗号,后面是完整的句子,因此此处应填从句
或短语,又根据后半句讲的是关于休假的问题,故知此处说的是:尽管中国的公共假
日比德国多,故答案选B。
拓展训练
七、完形填空
The umbrella is a very common object. It keeps the 43 and the sun off the people.
Most umbrellas can be folded up(折叠)so it is 44 to carry them.
However,the umbrella was not always as 45 as it is now. In the past,it was a
symbol of importance. Some African countries still use umbrellas in this 46 .Someone
carries an umbrella and walks behind the king or the important person.
Umbrellas have a long history. People in different parts of the world began to 47
umbrellas at different times. The Chinese had them more than 3,000 years ago. From there,
umbrellas 48 to India and Egypt. In Greece and Rome, 49 wouldn't use them.
They believed umbrellas were only for women.
England was 50 the first country in Europe where common people used umbrellas
against rain. The weather there is very 51 and umbrellas are very useful.
Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you 52 one, thinking that for
centuries only great men and women used them, you'll feel you are the important person, too.
43.A.rain B.cloud C.air
44.A.lovely B.easy C.hard
45.A.light B.heavy C.common
46.A.way B.size C.reason
47.A.discover B.use C.examine
48.A.walked B.travelled C.rode
49.A.children B.parents C.men
50.A.probably B.already C.suddenly
51.A.sunny B.rainy C.snowy
52.A.carry B.return C.borrow
9【答案】
43.A 44.B 45.C 46.A 47.B 48.B 49.C 50.A
51.B 52.A
【分析】文章大意:本文主要介绍雨伞的历史,携带雨伞最初的含义以及现在演变到
现在世界各国都使用雨伞。
43.句意:它使人不受雨和太阳的影响。
A. rain意为“雨、雨天”;B. cloud意为“云”;C. air意为“空气”,keep sth off
sb“使某人免受…的侵害”,文章第一段第一句The umbrella is a very common object.“雨
伞是非常常见的物体”,It代指雨伞,根据and the sun可知雨伞遮挡雨和太阳,故答
案选A。
44.句意:大多数雨伞都可以折叠起来,所以携带起来很容易。
A. lovely意为“可爱的”;B. easy意为“容易的”;C. hard意为“困难的”,根据
folded up(折叠)可以知道“折叠使雨伞变小”,所以携带比较方便,it is easy to do
sth“做某事容易”,故答案选B。
45.句意:然而,雨伞并不总是像现在这样常见。
A. light意为“轻的”;B. heavy意为“重的”;C. common意为“普通的、常见的”,
根据however可知表转折,然而,与本文第一段第一句对应The umbrella is a very
common object.雨伞非常常见,本句讲的是然而雨伞之前没有现在常见,故答案选C。
46.句意:一些非洲国家仍因为这个原因使用雨伞。
A. way意为“方式、方法”;B. size意为“尺码”;C. reason意为“原因”,根据前
句In the past,it was a symbol of importance.“在过去,雨伞是重要的象征”,后句中的
behind the king or the important person,“国王或者重要的人”,可知以这种原因,重
要的特征,故答案选C。
47.句意:世界各地的人们在不同的时间开始使用雨伞。
A. discover意为“发现”;B. use意为“使用”;C. examine意为“检查”,根据at
different times“在不同时刻”及后面In Greece and Rome, 7 wouldn't use them.
中 use them,可知本句是使用雨伞,故答案选B。
48.句意:从那里,雨伞传送到了印度和埃及。
A. walked意为“步行”;B. travelled意为“旅行、传送”;C. rode意为“骑行”,前
句The Chinese had them more than 3,000 years ago.“中国在三千年以前就已经使用雨伞
了”,from there,从这里,可知从中国传到了印度和埃及,故答案选B。
49.句意:在希腊和罗马,男人是不用雨伞的。
10A. children意为“孩子”;B. parents意为“父母”;C. men意为“男人”,根据后句
They believed umbrellas were only for women“他们认为雨伞仅仅为女性使用”,可知,
女性的对立面是男性,故答案选C。
50.句意:英国可能是欧洲第一个普通人使用雨伞挡雨的国家。
A. probably意为“大概地”;B. already意为“已经”;C. suddenly意为“突然地”,
already所在的句子一般是现在完成时,而突然地与句意不符合,故答案选A。
51.句意:那里经常下雨,雨伞很有用。
A. sunny意为“阳光的、晴朗的”;B. rainy意为“多雨的”;C. snowy意为“雪天
的”,根据前句末尾against rain.“遮挡雨”可知,这里天气多雨,故答案选B。
52.句意:下次你拿着一个,以为几个世纪以来只有伟大的男人和女人用过,你会觉
得你也是重要的人。
A. carry意为“携带”;B. return意为“返回”;C. borrow意为“借”,根据文章第一
段第二句Most umbrellas can be folded up(折叠)so it is 2 to carry them.“折叠
起来的雨伞容易携带”,故答案选A。
八、阅读单选
Ancient China produced many types of beautiful works of art. Among them, calligraphy
(书法), poetry (诗歌) and painting were the most famous. Often they would be put together
in art. These became important starting with the Song Dynasty.
Calligraphy is the art of handwriting. In the old time, the Chinese considered writing as
an important form of art. Calligraphers would practise for years to learn to write perfectly, but
with style. Each of over 40, 000 characters (汉字) needed to be written correctly. And each
stroke (笔画) in a character had to be written in a certain order.
Poetry was also an important form of art. Great poets were famous all over the country,
but all educated people were expected to write poetry. During the Tang Dynasty, poetry was so
important that writing poetry was part of the examinations to become a civil servant (文官) and
work for the government.
Chinese painting was often connected with calligraphy. It is one of the oldest artistic
traditions in the world. The most traditional way of Chinese painting is known as “national” or
“native” painting, which is quite different from Western painting. People can draw mountains,
homes, bird, trees and water on it.
53.Calligraphers needed to write over ________ characters correctly in the old time.
A.10,000 B.20,000 C.30,000 D.40,000
1154.What was part of the civil service examinations during the Tang Dynasty?
A.Painting. B.Calligraphy. C.Writing poetry. D.Playing music.
55.The underlined word “it” refers (指) to ________.
A.Calligraphy B.Art C.Chinese painting D.Western
painting
56.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A.Calligraphy, poetry and painting were the most famous works of art.
B.The strokes of each character could be written in any order.
C.Poetry was an important form of art like calligraphy.
D.Chinese painting was often connected with calligraphy.
57.What’s the passage mainly about?
A.Chinese art. B.Chinese examinations.
C.Chinese history. D.Chinese dynasties.
【答案】53.D 54.C 55.C 56.B 57.A
【分析】文章主要讲述了中国出产了很多种美丽的艺术形式,书法,诗歌和绘画是其
中最著名的形式,然后作者分开介绍了各种艺术形式的特点。
53.根据文章第一段:Calligraphers(书法家)would practice for years to learn to write
perfectly,but with style.Each of over 40,000 characters needed to be written correctly.可
知,四万中的每一个汉字都需要被正确书写。故答案为D.
54.根据文章第二段:During the Tang dynasty poetry was so important that writing poetry
was part of the examinations to become a civil servant (文官)and work for the government.可
知,在唐朝,诗歌非常重要,以至于写诗是选拔人才的一部分。故答案为C.
55.根据文章第三段:Chinese painting was often connected with calligraphy. It is one of
the oldest artistic traditions in the world. 可知,中国画经常与书法有关系,他是世界上
最古老的传统方式之一,可知it代指Chinese painting。故答案为C.
56.根据文章第一段:And each stroke(笔画)in a character had to be written in a certain
order.可知,在一个汉字中的每一笔画不得不按照一定顺序书写。可知B项错误。故答
案为B.
57.根据文章第一段第一句话Ancient China produced many types of beautiful works of
art.Among them,calligraphy(书法),poetry(诗歌)and painting were the most famous.
可知,中国出产了很多种美丽的艺术形式,书法,诗歌和绘画。故答案为A.
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