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非谓语结构
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1 、 单选题
Classical logic is characterized by a concern for the structure and elements of
argument _____ that thought, language, and reality are interrelated.
A : based on the belief
B : on the belief based
C : belief based on the
D : the based belief on
正确答案: A
解析:
句意:经典逻辑以关注论点的结构和组成为特点,论点则基于思想,语言和现实相互联
系的信仰。base on the belief that基于…的信仰。句中用来修饰argument。故选项A正
确。
2 、 单选题
_____, and members of the congregation having returned, this church too will start out
with _____ effort in the work that lies before them, which will be taken up by the
different departments.
A : The summer vacation is over; great
B : The summer vacation being over; renewed
C : As the summer vacation over; refreshing
D : Had the summer vacation been over; sacred
正确答案: B
解析:
句意:暑假结束了,教堂的会众们回来了,教堂要重新开始对他们所面临的问题作出努
力,那就是将要被不同的部门所接管。这道题考的是独立结构,being over和having
returned为两个并列动名词独立结构放在句首作状语,renewed是形容词,更新的,重
建的,符合句意。3 、 单选题
Although a teenager, Fred could resist _____ what to do and what not to do.
A : to be told
B : having been told
C : being told
D : to have been told
正确答案: C
解析:
句意:尽管Fred只有十几岁,他却拒绝接受别人指使他该做什么和不该做什么。resist后
面只能跟动名词,所以A项和D项可以排除。having been told表示已经被告知,而being
told泛指一般的被告知。
4 、 单选题
There had been windows on the westerly side of the school, but they appeared to
have been built up for a long time _____ of the workmanship on the outside.
A : estimated in the outlook
B : to presume upon the clue
C : to be detected in the trace
D : judging from the appearance
正确答案: D
解析:
句意:校园的西边有一些窗子,但是从外观判断他们已经存在很长时间了。judging
from由…判断出,现在分词做独立成分,和句子的主语没有关系,一般可以认为动作发
出者是作者或大众一般视角。所以D选项正确。
5 、 单选题
_____ lunch, the committee members discussed the problem.
A : Serving
B : Having served
C : Being served
D : Having been served
正确答案: D
解析:
句意:吃过午饭以后,委员会成员讨论了这个问题。句子主语是委员会成员,故采用现在分析引导短语做伴随状语。
6 、 单选题
The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighbouring
country, _____ by the police each time.
A : had been captured
B : being always captured
C : only to be captured
D : unfortunately captured
正确答案: C
解析:
句意:这三个人多次试图偷偷越过边境溜入邻国,却每次都被警察逮住。only to be反而,
结果却,不料。前后两分句之间为转折关系,必须用only to be的结构来凸显此意。
7 、 单选题
There seemed little hope that the explorers, _____ in the rainforest, would find their
way out.
A : having deserted
B : to have been deserted
C : to be deserted
D : having been deserted
正确答案: D
解析:
此句中having been deserted用于描述explorers的状态,是已经被遗弃在雨林里。选
项A中缺少被动态,可以排除。to do表示打算、计划做,to have done则是表示本来打
算做但实际上没做,是虚拟语气的用法。因此选项B和C都可以排除。余下的选项D为正
确答案。
8 、 单选题
_____ about the bookkeeper’s honesty, the company asked him to resign.
A : There be some questions
B : There are some questions
C : There have been some questions
D : There being some questions
正确答案: D解析:
句意:簿记员的诚实受到质疑,公司要求他辞职。现在分词构成独立主格作状语。
9 、 单选题
_____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom.
A : There was
B : Due to
C : As to
D : There being
正确答案: D
解析:
句意:由于没有恐慌, 那位老人又回到卧室去了。there being通常表示“已经存在的事
情”。 there was单纯的表示过去存在。due to由于。as to至于,关于。
10 、 单选题
For there _____ successful communication, all present must be attentive and get
involved in the discussion.
A : is
B : to be
C : will be
D : being
正确答案: B
解析:
句意:为了能够成功的交流,每个在场的人都必须集中注意力并且参加讨论。for表目的,
动词不定式作独立主格。
11 、 单选题
The hero of the book, Charles, is a conventional nineteenth-century gentleman; the
heroine Sarah, _____ by her lover, is a “fallen woman”, whom Charles tries to help.
A : to be discarded
B : to have been abandoned
C : having cast away
D : having been deserted
正确答案: D解析:
句意:这本书的男主角Charles是一个传统的19世纪绅士,女主角Sarah是一个“妓女”,
被她的情人抛弃了,Charles试图去帮助她。空格处应该用现在分词完成时被动式作独立
结构,所以D选项正确。
12 、 单选题
A new technique _____, the output of the shirt factory increased by 50 per cent.
A : having been worked out
B : has introduced
C : having worked on
D : has been turned out
正确答案: A
解析:
句意:由于产生了一项新的技术,衬衫加工厂的产量增加了50%。句子主语是工厂,与
研究出一项新技术是主动关系,故此应该用现在分词做伴随状语,故A项正确。work
out设计出,作出,计算出。turn out结果是。introduce引进。work on继续工作, 设法
说服, 影响。根据语法和句意,A项正确。
13 、 单选题
Language learners should remember that idiomatic expressions are like vocabulary
items, and need _____as complete phrases.
A : to be learned
B : to study
C : to remember
D : to be known
正确答案: A
解析:
句意:语言学习者应该记住惯用语表达就像词汇一样,需要从整体上来学习。句子应该
采用被动语态,故排除B、C两项,D项表示“知道”,不符合文意,故A项正确。
14 、 单选题
The people who had been injured in the explosion lay _____ in agony.
A : screeched
B : groaned
C : screaming
D : to shriek正确答案: C
解析:
句意:在大爆炸中受伤的人躺着,痛苦的尖叫着。Screech尖叫。Groan呻吟,叹息。
Scream尖声叫。Shriek尖叫。Lay doing something表示“躺着在做什么”。
15 、 单选题
They called in an electrician _____ he could put a finger on the cause of the short
circuit.
A : to hope
B : to be hoping
C : hoping
D : to have hoped
正确答案: C
解析:
句意:他们叫来了电工,希望他能帮忙查出短路的原因。hoping在此处为现在分词形式
表原因状语。
16 、 单选题
While _____ an efficiency test on an engine, certain precautions should be observed.
A : making
B : to make
C : being made
D : made
正确答案: A
解析:
句意:在进行发动机的效率测试时要采取一些预防措施。while引导从句时,如主从句的
主语一致,且从句谓语又含有be,则从句主语和be可省略。while后可直接跟现在分词、
名词、形容词或介词短语。在本题中从句和主句的主语都是人,从句省略
了people/workers are。
17 、 单选题
_____ with the picture, Mary hid it in the closet.
A : Thoroughly dissatisfying
B : eing thoroughly dissatisfied
C : To be thoroughly dissatisfiedD : Having thoroughly dissatisfied
正确答案: B
解析:
句意:玛丽对这幅图画一点也不满意,所以她把它藏在衣柜里。因为主语是mary,这里
用现在分词引导短语做伴随状语,故B项正确。