too monkey 和 too human 对应，定位至“such
behaviour”；但是such指代不明确，只能往前
看。故最终定位至
Text 1
Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn
has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for
slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as "all too human",
assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely
But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of
方法1 suggests that it is all too monkey. as well.
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They
look cute. They are good-natured,
like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer
attention to the value of "goods and services" than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan's and Dr. de
The researchers spent two years
tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of
rock for slices of cucumber. separate but
adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return
for its rock, their behaviour became
grapes are luxury preferable to
cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the
reluctant to hand over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one
received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other
accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other
in a
female capuchin.
The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by
species. Such co
operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.
Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone.
Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly
members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved
independently in capuchins and humans, or whether
ancestor yet, an unanswered question.
英语试题 . 3 . (共 14 ⻚）
【微信公众号：陈叨叨杂货铺】免费分享
1⃣
、
2⃣
、
3⃣
句。
第1、2句无法准确区分不公平和妒忌；所以还
得看第3句。
1 丰厚的加薪 2 消失
类比开篇： 3 同事 4 名声
that a colleague
通过“人类 5 松懈 6 使震怒
的公平意
7 潜在的假设
with the underlying
识”引出文
8 不满
章主旨“猴 developed sense of grievance.
子也有公平 Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature,
意识”
10 ⽣性温和的 9 南美卷尾猴
co-operative creatures, and they share their food 次要原因
11 乐意地 12 对等的⼈或事
readily. Above all,
主要原因方法1
13 特征 14 候选⼈
Waal's study. teaching their monkeys to exchange
15 代币 16 交换
17 ⻩⽠ 18 独⽴的
However, when two monkeys were placed in
19 相邻的 20 房间 21 作为…的回报
22 显著地
23 葡萄 24 奢侈品 25 更合意的
In the world of capuchins goods (and much
26 作为…的交换
27 不情愿的 28 交出
second was hers
29 扔
either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to
30 引起 31 愤怒
chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment
32 ⼥性的
33 情绪 34 群居的
social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living
35 义愤 36 「单数」（某群体）独有或专有的活动。
37 ⼗分清楚
clear to other
38 起源于
it stems from the common
39 祖先 40 ⾄今
that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as
2⃣ 3⃣ 4⃣
⽯
,
1
区
2
.
应
www.
.C
n
Z
i' 暗示相似
后
nnnii 3
Tnrnnnnn
详细介绍
“猴子的
公平意
markedly different. 考研加油呀！
识”
4
5
再一次强
调文章主
旨，并指
出研究仍
存在未解
7
之谜。 25
.
rnngnt
考研加油呀！
trosotsaestteahtthsttttes21. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by 方式
[A] posing a contrast. 侧重两者差异
[B]justifying an assumption.
相似选项
[ C] making a comparison. 侧重两者相似之处
[D] explaining a phenomenon.
满分技巧3:在相似选项中，A
方法2 满分技巧1：选择题答案主要在两个相似选项中
22. The statement "it is all too monkey" (Last line, Paragraph 1) implies that
文中1、2句更倾向于不公平。（面对能力相同的
[A] monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals.
选项共性： 人，待遇比我们好，我们才会妒忌；能力不如我们
[B] resenting unfairness is also monkeys' nature.
猴子也… 的人，待遇比我们好，我们更容易感到不公平。
[C] monkeys, like humans, tend to be
[D] no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions.
满分技巧2: 通常不选【绝对化词组】的选项
23. Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because
they are
[A] more inclined to weigh what they get.
[B] attentive to researchers' instructions.
[C] nice in both appearance and temperament.
[D] more generous than their male companions.
24. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys
[A] prefer grapes to cucumbers.
[B] can be taught to exchange things.
[C] will not be co-operative if feeling cheated.
[D] are unhappy when separated from others.
25. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
不是主旨题
[A] Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.
[D] Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.
英语试题 . 4 . (共 14 ⻚）
【微信公众号：陈叨叨杂货铺】免费分享
➡
B，答案选B；
或者选程度较弱的那个选项
方法1:
方法2:妒忌一定会feel不公平；但是
不公平不一定会feel妒忌。
方法2
与主旨（人和猴子都注重不公平）沾边
都是次要原因
方法1
现在发现的一定和主旨一致
now
保持客观性！
“倾向葡萄、交换东西和将猴子分开”都
与“不公平”无关
肯定语气
肯定语气
肯定语气
满分技巧4:
【推段落】主旨主要出现在（重点看）：第1句、大写转折句和最后1句。优先看大写转折句和最后1句。
➕
chpg7ilc.is/3Lhrnrnrev-etsssasnesossessreottesessesssaossrses.
41 妒忌
jealous of each other.
42 更倾向于
43 性情
考研加油呀！
将猴子与人对
[B] Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.
比，但是最后主
旨一定会回到人 [C]Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
身上 绝对化词组
考研加油呀！文章主旨： 猴子和人一样，也会有公平意识
语篇分析：
1⃣
类比开篇：通过“人类的公平意识”引出文章主旨“猴子也
有公平意识”。
123句说明人类的公平意识；第4句引出假设“公平意识为人
类独有”；第5句反驳上句引出主旨：猴子也有公平意识。
2⃣ 3⃣ 4⃣
详细介绍“猴子的公平意识”。
2⃣
介绍研究对象：雌性棕色卷尾猴。234句分别从外貌、性格
和心理特征进行介绍。
3⃣
介绍研究方法和概述研究发现。第2句介绍研究方式：用代
币换食物；3、4句将常规情形和特殊情形下的猴子的不同反
应进行对比。
4⃣
详细说明研究发现，强调猴子交换行为的“反常”是受公平
意识支配的。
5⃣
考研加油呀！
再一次强调文章主旨，并指出研究仍存在未解之谜。
1——5句再一次强调文章主旨：“猴子也有公平意识，义愤感
是人类和猴子的共性，都会公开表达不公平的感觉”；第6句
补充指出研究仍存未解之谜，暗示未来可能的研究方向。
考研加油呀！思维导图分析
考研加油呀！
all too human
V
it is all too monkey
L 1. appearance（look cute）
The researchers studied
2. personality （good-natured, co-
the behaviour of female operative, share food readily）
brown capuchin monkeys. 3. psychological characteristics（more
inclined to weigh what they get）
v
Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study.
（exchange tokens for food）
Capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by
social emotions.
1. Whether such a sense of fairness
evolved independently in capuchins
and humans
There is an unanswered
2. Or whether it stems from the
question.
common ancestor that the species
had 35 million years ago
考研加油呀！⻓难句
重点词汇
选项解析
Text2
1 Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill
古
以吸烟问题 us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? That the evidence was 6.
作为铺垫， 1 ⾮决定性的 2 不明确的 3 反对吸烟的游说者 4 是为了…
inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy 方法1:定位法
为后文引出
取反（取非）
全球变暖问 our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans
nvvvn > C 5 置身事外 二分法思维
题埋下伏 bought that nonsense,a nd over three decades,s ome 10 million smokers went to early
笔。 6 相信（尤指不⼤可能的事），承认接受。 7 早死
graves.
8 相似处 9 前仆后继
z There are upsetting parallels today,a s scientists in one wave after another try to
10 使察觉到，意识到 11 专家团
awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the
12 谋求某⼈帮助。
National Academy of Sciences,e nlisted by the White House,t o tell us that the Earth's
13 毫⽆疑问地
atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The
clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the
14 序⾔
National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel's
将吸烟问题 ㄒ
report: "Science never has all the answers. But science does provide us with the best 27
类比全球变
15 ……是⾄关重要的
暖问题；同 available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base
时怀疑者强 mn > D
i ortant policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the
mp
烈质疑科学
家的观点： future consequences of present actions." 莱布尼兹会上岸 整理
16 来⾃多⽅⾯
全球变暖问 3Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the
题与日俱 17 倾倒 18 烟，⽓
science about global warming is incomplete,t hat it's OK to keep pouring fumes into
增。 19 到证据百分之百确凿的时候。
the air until we know for sure. This is a dangerous game: by the time 100 percent of
20 谨慎明智的
the evidence is in,i t may be too late. With the risks obvious and growing,a prudent
21 投保；引申为采取防范措施
people would take out an insurance policy now.
4
Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it's obvious that a
的
说明美国政 22 ⼤多数
majority of the president's advisers still don't take global warming seriously. Instead
府对全球变 23 不断要求
of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research a classic case of
暖问题的态
24 分析导致瘫痪
度并表示不 "paralysis by analysis". 句子为最小单位；定位横线处读整句话。
满。
5To serve as responsible stewards of the planet,w e must press forward on deeper
729
25 担任 26 保护者 27 推进某事
atmospheric and oceanic research. But research alone is inadequate. If the 方法1:定位法
29 ⾏使⽴法权 28 不够的
Administration won't take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin取 反（取非）
作者对保护 30 制定保护措施 vvnnnr > D 二分法思维
fashioning conservation measures. A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West
地球气候提
31 奖励 32 ⼀个很有希望的开端
出具体建 Virginia,w hich would offer financial incentives for private industry, is a promising
33 发电⼚
议：要研究 start. Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to
更要立法行 34 ……是⾄关重要的
meet our energy needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial
动。
35 对环境⽆害
that those new plants be environmentally sound.
36 健康的
考研加油呀！
英语试题 . 5 . (共 14 ⻚）
Fthnsseststtssrsshshssee
【微信公众号：陈叨叨杂货铺】免费分享满分技巧2: 哲理性选项比具体事情选项出错概率小。
c o o
26. An argument made by supporters of smoking was that
方法2:选项逻辑法
[A] there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death. 绝对化选项
[B]the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant.具体事情对错概率为50%
[C] people had the freedom to choose their own way oflife. 哲理性选项出错概率较小
[D] antismoking people were usually talking nonsense. 具体事情对错概率为50%
满分技巧1: 通常不选【绝对化词组】的选项
D
27.According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve as 「某人态度+细节题」
[A] a protector.
[B] ajudge.
[C] a critic.
[D] a guide. 满分技巧3:前后都在回答题目所问时，but后面才更重要。
-
A
28. What does the author mean by "paralysis by analysis" (Last line, Paragraph 4) ?
ˇ ˇ
[A] Endless studies kill action. 贬义 方法1: 内容做题法
[B] Careful inveˋstigation reveals trˋuth. 褒义 （文中未出现的词，选项直接排除）
[C] Prudent planning hinders pro'gress. 贬义
ˇ
37 阻碍
[D] Extensive research helps dec\ision-making. 褒义 考研加油呀！
v
should do说明政府还没有做
D29. AccJording to Athe author, w.hatB should the A.dmincistrationn do about global warming?「作者态度题」
[A] Offe r aid to build cleaner power plants.
方法2:选项逻辑法
[B] Raise public awareness of conservation.
具体措施
[C] Press for further scientific research. D
[D] Take some legislative measures. 方法3: 直来直去法（拒绝脑补）
build power plants、raise public awareness、
scientific research与全球变暖没有直接关系
B
30.The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because
[A] they both suffered from the governmentx's negligence.
[B] a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former.
38 变得更严重
[C] the outcome of the latter aggravates the former. C两者在结果上并没有逻辑关系，说法太离谱
[D] both of them have turned from bad to worse.
X 排除AD，通过前面4题并没有得出政府
的忽视，以及他们越来越差的信息。
满分技巧1: 通常不选【绝对化词组】的选项
满分技巧2: 哲理性选项比具体事情选项出错概率小。
满分技巧3:前后都在回答题目所问时，but后面才更重要。
考研加油呀！
英语试题 . 6 . (共 14 ⻚）
ssszosrss
【微信公众号：陈叨叨杂货铺】免费分享文章主旨：以吸烟问题引出全球变暖问题，强
调应立即采取行动应对全球气候变暖问题。
语篇分析：
1⃣
以吸烟问题作为铺垫，为后文引出全球变暖问题埋下伏笔。
123句说明怀疑者从无确凿证据、自由人权等方面对科学家
“吸烟致命”观点进行质疑；第4句说明怀疑者言论造成的严
重后果，暗示作者对怀疑者的批判态度。
2⃣ 3⃣
将吸烟问题类比全球变暖问题；同时怀疑者强烈质疑科学
家的观点：全球变暖问题与日俱增。
2⃣
说明科学家的观点：全球变暖问题与日俱增， 呼吁人类应
立即采取行动保护自己，并表明作者对其观点的支持态度。
3⃣
批判气候变暖怀疑者的反对观点，呼吁采取行动应对全球变
暖。
4⃣
说明美国政府对全球变暖问题的态度并表示不满。
第1句说明白宫开始关注全球变暖问题；2、3句指出政府并未
严肃看待该问题，仅限于纸上谈兵。
5⃣
考研加油呀！
考研加油呀！
作者对保护地球气候提出具体建议：要研究更要立法行动。
1、2句承接上文，继续批判政府做法不当；3——6句就全球
变暖问题提出具体建议，强调政府务必采取立法行动。
考研加油呀！思维导图分析
考研加油呀！
smoking
the growing threat of global warming
scientists：ˇ doubters：X
x
The Earth’s atmosphere is Science about global
definitely warming and that warming is incomplete
X
the problem is largely man-
made
author：v administration：x
Administration must take X still don’t take global
>
some legislative measures warming seriously
长难句分析
考研加油呀！
分句2
分句1
X
But science does provide us (with the best available guide to the futur)e,and it is critical
宾补 不定式作后置定语 that引导主语从句
that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can
_
_ _ that引导定语从句
主谓宾宾补
provide (concerning the future consequences of present actions.
现在分词作后置定语或状语
译⽂：
但科学确实为我们提供了关于未来的最好的可⾏性指导，我们国家和整个世界在做重要决策时，应该以
科学能够提供的、关于⼈类当前⾏为对未来影响的最佳判断为依据，这⼀点⾄关重要。
考研加油呀！⻓难句
重点词汇
选项解析
Text3
1 Of all the components of a good night's sleep, dreams seem to be least within our
1 暂停
control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead
2 创⽴（新观点） 3 ⾰命性的
people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams
4 伪装的 5 ⽆意识的
were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s,
6 神经学家 7 转变为
neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise" the random 方法2:定位法
总 byp 8 副 ro 产 du 品 cts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers 可
9 ⾃动调控器
suspect that dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat, regulating moods
与B说法
10 有影响⼒的权威⼈⼠
while the brain is "off-line." And one leading authority says that these intensely 逻辑相反
11 控制及利⽤ 12 将…置于意识控制下
powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under
conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. "It's your dream," says Rosalind
13 ⼼理学
Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago's Medical Center. "If you don't like it,
change it." 考研加油呀！
Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during
14 清晰的，⽣动的
REM (rapid eye movement) sleep when most vivid dreams occur as it is when
fully awake, says Dr. Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts
15 边缘的 rni
of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the "emotional brain") is
16 前额⽪层
1especially active, while the preifrontal cortex ( thne center of intellect and reasoning) is
17 推理
relatively quiet. "We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings
18 沮丧的
can stay with us all day." says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.
The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in
19 前半夜
Cartwright's clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night,
20 朝向…发展
progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working
21 克服 V17
through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is
22 被…占据
分 occupied with daily life we don't always think about the emotional significance of the
day's events until, it appears, we begin to dream.
And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can
23 使关注 24 重现
exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken,
>D
identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end
25 设想
instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With
26 确实地
much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.
27 总的来说
At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams
28 恐慌
at all unless they keep us from sleeping or "we wake up in a panic," Cartwright says.
29 恐怖主义 30 不确定性
Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased
X 31 持续的噩梦
people's anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a
32 治疗专家
therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. ㄒ
35
Sleep or rather dream on it and you'll feel better in the morning.
rnnn
> A
英语试题 . 7 . (共 14 ⻚）
【
⼀
微信公
s
众
n
号：
e
陈叨
韏
叨杂
䎹
货铺】
⼀要免费分享满分技巧1: 哲理性、虚拟性选项比具体事情选项出错概率小。
A
方法2: 31. Researchers have come to believe that dreams
方法1:选项逻辑法
定位法
[A] can be modified in their courses. 哲理性、虚拟性选项出错概率较小
原文是梦境支配情i
33 易受… 影响
绪，但是B说梦境 [B] are susceptible to emotional changes.
具体事情对错概率为50%
受情绪变化影响， 34 内⼼深处的
[C] reflect our innermost desires i and fears. 具体事情对错概率为50%
即情绪变化支配梦
[D] are a random outcome of neural repairs.
境；逻辑相反。 具体事情对错概率为50%
满分技巧2: 时间对比性的文章，主旨一定出现在“现在”时刻中。
32. By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to show
i
[A] its function in our dreams.
[B] the mechanism of REM sleep. 满分技巧3: 选项没有暗示，再考虑定位
考研加油呀！
[C] the relation of dreams to emotions.
[ˋD] its difference from the prefrontal cortex. 满分技巧4: 沾边不一定对，但是不沾边一定错。
D
33. The negative feelings generated during the day tend to
[A] aggXravate in our unconscious mind.
原文说的是晚上刚睡着时做噩梦，快
U[B] deve\lop into happy dreams. >
醒来的时候做好梦；并不是指负面情
[C] peXrsist till the time we fall asleep. 绪会转变成好梦。
u[D] show up in dreams early at night.
D
34. Cartwright seems to suggest that
[A] waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams.
[B] visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under control.
[C] dreams should be left to their natural progression.
[D] dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious. > 文中主旨说，梦可以被有意识
管理；即不完全是无意识的。
A
3 5. What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have bad dreams?
[A] Lead your life as usual.
[B] Seek profeㄨssional help.
[iC] Exercise conscious control.
[D]Av oid anxiety in the daytime.
满分技巧1: 哲理性、虚拟性选项比具体事情选项出错概率小。
满分技巧2: 时间对比性的文章，主旨一定出现在“现在”时刻中。
满分技巧3: 选项没有暗示，再考虑定位
满分技巧4: 沾边不一定对，但是不沾边一定错。
英语试题 . 8 . (共 14 ⻚）
h【微h信公h众号s：s陈叨t叨h杂货t铺s】s免费s分s享文章主旨：梦可以有意识被控制
语篇分析：
1⃣
引出文章主旨：噩梦可以有意识被控制。
1、2句介绍梦的表象；3——7句介绍梦的实质。
2⃣ 3⃣ 4⃣ 5⃣
将一步步解释文章主旨：噩梦可以有意识被控制。
2⃣
从大脑成像角度指出“梦与情绪密切关联”。
3⃣
从临床角度说明“梦的情绪调节功能”。
4⃣
进一步说明梦的情绪调节过程，可以被有意识地控制。
5⃣
考研加油呀！
进一步升华主题：偶尔做噩梦的人不用在意，经常做噩梦的
人，可以寻求人为帮助进行干预。
思维导图分析
考研加油呀！
Dreams are closely related to emotions
These intensely powerful
The emotion-regulation function of dreams
mental events can be not
only harnessed but actually
brought under conscious
control.
Those suffering from persistent nightmares
should seek help from a therapist. For the
rest of us, the brain has its ways of
working through bad feelings.⻓难句
重点词汇
选项解析
or in writing, to
5 语⾔学家
Why We Should Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and
6 善辩者 7 ⾃由的 8 保守的 9 胜利
of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s
10 衰落
counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.
定位此句，排除CD
Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism
11 放纵的 12 学术专⻓
against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter's academic speciality is language
history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of "whom", for example,
13 惋惜的 14 词格尾缀
to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.
But the cult of the authentic and the personal, "doing our own thing", has spelt
15 狂热 16 真实的
the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly
17 导致…的死亡
educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even
18 提⾼的 19 下笔，写字
the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the
20 受到好评的 21 充分体现
page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that
22 表述⾏为的23 ⽂学艺术的类型
could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing
24 取得 25 胜过
over speaking, spontaneity over craft.
26 由内⼼驱使的⾏为 27 传统的⼿艺
Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture,
28 ⼀系列的
the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take
the question of his subtitle, why we should, like, care. As a linguist, he acknowledges
28 承认 定位此句
that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, 排除BC
29 ⽅⾔
be powerfully expressive there exists no language or dialect in the world that
30 传达
cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer
think straight because we do not talk proper.
31 准确地思考 32 规范地表达 33 ⼤块
Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of
speech
34 阐述
acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical
35 为…悲伤
education reforms he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more
than useful. We now take our English "on paper plates instead of china". A shame,
perhaps, but probably an inevitable one. artistic
finctional
英语试题 . 9 . (共 14 ⻚）
【微信公众号：陈叨叨杂货铺】免费分享
1⃣
介绍 1 公众⼈物
Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech
McWhorter
2 驾驭 控制 3 渴望，⽴志做
command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such
新书中的一
4 恶化
个观点：正 command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of
式英语的衰 Language and Music and
落源于1960
controversialist
年代的反文
化运动。
2⃣ 3⃣
对英
语语言的
发展趋势
进行评
述。
4⃣ 5⃣
莱布尼兹会上岸 整理
Text4
hennin@T36-T36.vnn
nsB
737
,
738
针对
can
MW书中副
-
标题，评
述他在语
739
言发展问
memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate
题上的矛
that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter
盾心态。
TÜ
考研加油呀！
ommznnhnsstnnB36.According to Mc Whorter, the decline of formal English
[A] is inevitable in radical educatioˋn reforms.
相似
[B] is but all too natural in language development.
[C] has caused the controversy over the counter-culture.
i
相似（结果）
[D] brought about changes in pub、lic attitudes in the 1960s.
D
37. The word "talking" (Line 6, Paragraph 3) denotes
36 表示
[A] modesty.
[B] personality.
[C] liveliness.
[D] informality.
满分技巧1: 词汇题借助文章主旨做（选和主旨沾边的） 考研加油呀！
A
3 8. To which of the following statements would McW hortermost likely agree?
[A] Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.
选项出错概率最小
[B] Black English can be mXore expressive than standard English.
[C] Non-standard varieties of human language are just as ente\rtaining.
[XD] Of all the varieties, standard English can bxest convey complex ideas. 绝对化选项
.
B3 9. The description of Russians' love of memorizing poetry shows the author's
[A] interest in their language. ABC中内容均没有提及，故比选项——选出出错概率最小的。
1
原文：俄国人喜欢背诗，能背很多诗。
[B] appreciation of their efforts.
褒义
文章主旨：英语的衰落。
[C] admiration for their memory. A中，对他们语言（俄语）感兴趣，与主旨相反，排除
贬义 [D] c 3 o 7 n 、t 轻 em 视 pt for their old-fashionedness.C中，原文没有提及“记忆”，排除
B中，effort是很虚的词（因为做什么事都可以被看作是
满分技巧2: 定位太复杂，难以理解；故评估选项 efforts），选B
c40. According to the last paragraph, "paper plates" is to "china" as
38 临时的 39 永久的
[A] "temporary" is to "permanent". 对立关系
[B] "radical" is to "conservative".
对立关系
[C] "functional" is to "artistic".
40 谦逊的 41 ⾼贵的
[D] "humble" is to "noble". 对立关系
满分技巧1: 词汇题借助文章主旨做（选和主旨沾边的）
满分技巧2: 定位太复杂，难以理解；故评估选项
考研加油呀！
英语试题 . 10 . (共 14 ⻚）
mssnopsnsbssn
【微信公众号：陈叨叨杂货铺】免费分享文章主旨：正式英语正在衰落，无法避免又令人惋惜。
语篇分析：
1⃣
介绍McWhorter新书中的一个观点：正式英语的衰落源于1960年代的
反文化运动。
1、2句说明英语使用的现状；第3句说明MW新书中的观点。
2⃣ 3⃣
对英语语言的发展趋势进行评述。
2⃣
M W的观点并未遵循传统视角，目的不在于对1960年代反文化运动进
行批判。
3⃣
说明1960年代反文化运动对包括语言在内的文化艺术造成的影响。
4⃣ 5⃣
针对MW书中副标题，评述他在语言发展问题上的矛盾心态。
4⃣
MW承认，非正式语言同样能够准确传达思想。
5⃣
考研加油呀！
M W对正式英语衰落的复杂心境：衰落无法避免，但仍然心存留恋。
思维导图分析
考研加油呀！
The triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the
decline of formal English.
The cult of the authentic an:d the personal, "doing our own
thing", has spelt the death of formal speech, writing,
poetry and music.
A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.
