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Unit 3 Grammar
基础篇
一、写出下列名词的复数形式。
1 apple ________ 2 monkey ________
3 class __________ 4 desk _________
5 Foot _________ 6 box __________
7 piano __________ 8 family _________
9 child _________ 10 toy __________
11 Chinese __________ 12 boy _________
13 photo __________ 14 potato __________
15 city __________ 16 sheep _________
17 country __________ 18 tooth _________
19 month __________ 20 woman __________
【答案】1.apples 2.monkeys 3.classes 4.desks 5.feet 6.boxes 7.pianos 8.families 9.children 10.toys
11.chinese 12.boys 13.photos 14.potatoes 15.cities 16.sheep 17.countries 18.teeth 19.months 20.women
二、将可数名词和不可数名词分类，填入对应的位置：
apple, bread, coffee, egg, juice, milk, potato, advice, tomato, tea, desk, guitar, tree, bus, weather,
information
可数名词：________________________________________________________________ ______________
不可数名词：___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】可数名词：apple, egg, potato, tomato, tea, desk, guitar, tree, bus,
不可数名词bread, coffee, juice, milk, advice, tea, weather, information
三、单项选择。
1 Here are some ______.
A. photo B. photos C. photoes
【答案】B
【解析】photo 的复数形式只加s。辅音+O结尾的单词，如果表示“没有生命”的事物只加“S”。其余
情况加“es”
2 I’m hungry. Can you give me some ______ to eat?
A. food B. foods C. foodes
【答案】A需要更多资料，请加微信：educat51
【解析】food 一般泛指作不可数名词用。
3 A cat has four ______.
A. foot B. foots C. feet
【答案】C
【解析】foot 复数是feet
4 My two brothers are both ______.
A. policeman B. policemen C. policemans
【答案】B
【解析】 policeman复数是policemen
5 Can you see eight ______ in the picture?
A. sheep B. horse C. dog
【答案】A
【解析】 horse dog都要用复数。Sheep 单复数同形。
6 Please give me ______.
A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread
【答案】C
【解析】2块面包。用2 pieces of bread ，bread 不可数。
7 Three _______ and two _______ are talking.
A. German; Japanese B. Germen; Japaneses C. Germans; Japanese
【答案】C
【解析】German德国人复数规则变化。+s。 Japanese 单复数同形。
8 There _______ some _______ in the pool.
A. are; fish B. is; fish C. are; fishs
【答案】A
【解析】fish 作鱼讲可数名词。单复数可以同形，也可以+es。 但作鱼肉不可数。本句是可数名词。
9 There _______ two _______ in the room.
A. is; chair B. are; chairs C. is; chairs
【答案】B
【解析】2张椅子用复数。用There are。
10 There are 20 _______ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. women teacher C. women teachers
【答案】D
【解析】女教师woman teacher 复数形式。是women teachers 这2个词都变成复数形式。apple tree 的复数需要更多资料，请加微信：educat51
形式只将中心词“apple”变成复数就可以。
11 How many _______ are there in your family?
A. people B. peoples C. person
【答案】A
【解析】people 作“人”讲只用复数。集体名词。不用+s。 一个人要用person。A person。不能用 a
people。
12 Don’t throw _______ into the lake.
A. rubbish B. rubbishs C. rubbishes
【答案】A
【解析】rubbish不可数名词。
13 I’d like to drink some _________.
A. water B. waters C. wateres
【答案】A
【解析】water 不可数名词
14 There ______ two cups of coffee on the table.
A. is B. are C. have
【答案】B
【解析】there are后面主语复数。
15 — Are there _______ flats near your school? — Yes, there are _______.
A. any; some B. any; any C. some; any
【答案】A
【解析】any用疑问句中， some用于肯定句中。
四、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. I want to buy two bottles of ____________ (milk) in the shop.
2. Three ____________ (quarter) of the Earth is covered with water.
3. We can see a lot of ____________ (pollute) everywhere.
4. I saw many ____________ (animal) in the zoo yesterday.
5. There _______ (be) two books and a pencil on the desk.
6. There _______ (be) a pencil and two books on the desk.
7. We can get a lot of __________ (energy) from food.
8. There _______ (be) four ____________ (Japanese) and two ____________ (German) in the group.需要更多资料，请加微信：educat51
9. There ______ (be) an apple and two pears on the table.
10. We have twenty ________ (sheep) on the farm.
11. There is some ________ (food) in the bowl.
12. The baby has only two _______ (tooth) now.
13. There is a lot of _______ (water) in the bottle.
14.There are five ________ (people) in his family.
15. Let’s take some ________ (photo) of the beautiful place.
16. I have lots of ___________ (tomato) here.
17.The __________ (child) are playing games on the playground now.
18. Their ____________ (dictionary) look new.
19.They are ________ (woman) doctors.
20.They are __________(orange) trees.
【答案】1.milk 2.quaters 3.pollution 4.animals 5.are 6.is 7.energy 8.are Japanese Germans 9.is
10.sheep 11.food 12.teeth 13.water 14.poeple 15.photos 16.tomatoes 17.children 18.dictionaries 19.women
20.orange
五、翻译短句。(there be 结构)
1 椅子下面有一只猫。
【答案】There is a cat under the chair.
2 教室里没有20个学生。
【答案】There are not 20 students in the classroom.
3 袋子里有一些面包。
【答案】There is some bread in the bag.
4 书桌上有两本书吗？
【答案】Are there are 2 books on the desk?
5 你们学校有多少个班？
【答案】How many classes are there in your school?
提高篇
六、语法选择：
We throw away garbage almost every day. ____1____ does it go? Most of it ____2____ into the sea. There
____3____ five large garbage patches (垃圾带) in the sea. The largest one is the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.需要更多资料，请加微信：educat51
Scientists are saying that the patch is getting bigger and bigger.
The patch is in the Pacific Ocean between California ____4____ Hawaii. It is quite large. According to
Livescience, ____5____ has an area of 1.6 million k㎡. That is about 100 times (倍) ____6____ than Beijing.
Most of the garbage is plastic (塑料), including bottles, bags and fishing nets. According to Fox News, there
are about 79,000 tons (吨) of plastic in the patch. That’s about 250 pieces of plastic for every person ___7____
Earth. Is one of those pieces from you?
The plastic can harm (伤害) sea animals and ____8____ the water. Scientists are trying ____9____ ways to
clean up garbage in the sea. But the most important thing is ____ _ 1 0____ _ garbage from going into the sea.
1. A. Whose B. How C. Why D. Where
2. A. go B. goes C. going D. went
3. A. are B. is C. am D. be
4. A. but B. or C. nor D. and
5. A. it B. its C. it’s D. its’
6. A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. biggest
7. A. at B. in C. on D. under
8. A. pollute B. pollutes C. polluting D. polluted
9. A. differ B. difference C. different D. differently
10. A. stop B. stops C. stopped D. to stop
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. D
【解析】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述海洋垃圾。海洋垃圾对海洋生态系统造成极大的破坏，最后呼吁
我们停止向海洋扔垃圾。
1.句意“这些垃圾去哪里了？”。
本题考查疑问词辨析。A.谁的；B.如何，怎样（问方式）；C.为什么（问原因）；D.在哪里（问地点）。
根据Most of it ____2____ into the sea“他们大部分都进入了海洋”可知，问地点，故选D。
2.句意“他们当中的大部分进入了海洋”。
本题考查动词形式以及主谓一致。根据句式可知，空处应填谓语，排除C；且表示客观事实，用一般现在
时，排除D；主语为most of it，谓语用单数goes，故选B。
3.句意“在海洋中，有五大垃圾带”。
本题考查主谓一致。there be句型中，be动词的单复数根据be动词后面的主语决定。根据空后five large
garbage patches“五大垃圾带”可知，用复数are，故选A。
4.句意“太平洋的垃圾带位于加利福尼亚和夏威夷之间”。
本题考查连词辨析。A.但是（表示转折）；B.或者，否则；C.不；D.和（表示并列，顺承）。根据句意可需要更多资料，请加微信：educat51
知，译为“在加利福尼亚和夏威夷之间”。between...and...“在……与……之间”。故选D。
5.句意“根据生活科学网，它有160万平方千米”。
本题考查代词。A.它（人称代词主格或宾格）；B.它的（形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词）；C.它是；
D.形式错误，应为its或it’s。根据句式可知，空处缺少主语，且代指the patch，用it，故选A。
6.句意“那个比北京大100倍”。
本题考查形容词的比较等级。A.原级；B.比较级；C.最高级；D.最高级。根据空后than可知，用比较级，
故选B。
7.句意“这相当于地球上每个人拥有250块塑料”。
本题考查介词辨析。A.以……；B.在……里；C.在……上；D.在……下。根据句意可知，表示“在地球
上”。on Earth在地球上，故选C。
8.句意“塑料能够伤害海洋动物以及污染水”。
本题考查动词的形式。根据空前and可知，空处与harm并列，所以空处用动词原形pollute，故选A。
9.句意“科学家尝试不同的方法来清理海洋垃圾”。
A.使……不同（动词）；B.不同（名词）；C.不同的（形容词）；D.不同地（副词）。根据空后ways可
知，空处用形容词，译为“不同的方法”。故选C。
10.句意“最重要的事情就是阻止垃圾进入海洋”。
本题考查动词的形式。根据空前is可知，空处用不定式作表语，译为“阻止垃圾进入海洋”，表示命令、
建议和劝告，故选D。
七、语法填空
Long time ago, people thought that the Sun went around the Earth. In some countries people
even said that the Sun 1. (is) a god. They thought the god drove 2. the sky each day on a
3. (gold) horse.
Now we know the Earth 4. (go) around the Sun. It takes the Earth a year
5. (go) all the way around the Sun. They tell us that the Earth travels over a thousand 6.
(mile) a minute on its journey around the Sun.
The Sun is 7. (real) a star. It is much bigger 8. the Earth and it is very hot. Some
people have been to the Moon, but we know that no one can even go to the Sun. It is 9.
hot for people to live anywhere near it. The Sun is three hundred thousand times 10.
(heavy) than the Earth and more than a million times larger.
【答案】1.was 2.across 3.golden 4.goes 5.to go 6.miles 7.really 8.than 9.too 10.heavier需要更多资料，请加微信：educat51需要更多资料，请加微信：educat51
