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2015 年英语二· Text 3 真题精讲
发布时间：2026-10-08 08:54:32 最近访问：2026-10-08 08:54:33
2015 年英语二· Text 3 真题精讲
| 考研英语二 · 阅读真题精讲 | | 2015 Text 3｜职场话术的"讽刺"：人人嘲笑，人人使用 | | 答案速览：31.A 32.C 33.D 34.A 35.D |
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| 标注图例：谓语动词 红色加粗 ｜ 连词 蓝色加粗 ｜ 从句 黄色荧光 ｜ 非谓语（to do / doing / done）不标色。先看图例，再逐段精读。 |
Even in traditional offices, "the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained thanit was 20 years ago," said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn. She started spinning off examples. "Ifyou and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990, we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey, mission, passion. There were goals, there were strategies, there were objectives, but we didn't talk about energy; we didn't talk about passion."哈佛商学院教授南希·科恩说："即便在传统办公室里，'美国企业界的通用语也比 20 年前情绪化得多、更加"右脑化"（感性）了。'"她接着举出一连串例子。"如果你我在 1990 年空降回《财富》500 强公司，会看到 journey（旅程）、mission（使命）、passion（激情）这类词的使用频率低得多。那时候有目标、有战略、有目的，但我们不谈能量，也不谈激情。"| lingua franca | 通用语，共通语 |
| corporate America | 美国企业界 |
| right-brained a. | 惯用右脑的；感性直觉的 |
| spin off | 衍生出；一连串地举出（例子） |
| parachute v. | 空降，空投（熟词僻义） |
| Fortune 500 companies | 《财富》500 强公司 |
| objective n. | （具体的）目标，目的（31 题 D 项相关） |
| 长难句拆解 ①｜Para 1 首句（31 题定位句） |
Even in traditional offices, "the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional ... thanit was 20 years ago," said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn.第一层｜引语主干：the lingua franca has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained（has gotten = 变得，系动词用法）第二层｜than 引导比较状语从句：than it was 20 years ago（比 20 年前更……）第三层｜主句谓语倒装：said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn ＝ Nancy Koehn said——直接引语提前，说话人居后，said 是主句谓语难点词：lingua franca（通用语）；right-brained（右脑思维＝感性、直觉，与 emotional 互为佐证，31 题答案的双重印证）；spin off examples（连珠炮似的举例）译文：哈佛商学院教授南希·科恩说："即便在传统办公室里，美国企业界的通用语也比 20 年前情绪化得多、更加感性了。"Koehn pointed outthatthis new era of corporate vocabulary is very "team"-oriented—and not by coincidence."Let's not forget sports—in male-dominated corporate America, it's still a big deal. It's not explicitly conscious; it's the idea thatI'm a coach, and you're my team, and we're in this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies, but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win."科恩指出，企业新词汇的这个时代非常以"团队"为导向——而这并非巧合。"别忘了体育——在男性主导的美国企业界，体育仍是件大事。这并非刻意的自觉，而是一种观念：我是教练，你们是我的队伍，我们同舟共济。不同公司里有许许多多的 CEO，但大多数都把自己视作教练，把公司当作自己的球队，而且他们想赢。"| point out | 指出 |
| team-oriented a. | 以"团队"为导向的（32 题题干原词） |
| not by coincidence | 绝非巧合（提示下文讲来源） |
| male-dominated a. | 男性主导的（32 题 B 项设坑点） |
| a big deal | 了不得的大事 |
| explicitly ad. | 明确地，直白地 |
| coach n. | 教练（体育隐喻核心词） |
These terms are intended to infuse work with meaning—and, as Rakesh Khurana, another professor, points out, increase allegiance to the firm."You have the importation of terminology thathistorically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations: Terms like vision, values, passion, and purpose," said Khurana.这些术语还意在给工作注入意义——并且，正如另一位教授拉凯什·库拉纳所指出的，增加员工对公司的忠诚。"过去与非营利组织、宗教组织相关联的一整套术语被引入了企业：诸如愿景、价值观、激情、使命这类词。"库拉纳说。| be intended to | 旨在，目的是（33 题 aims to 对应） |
| infuse ... with ... | 把……注入…… |
| allegiance n. | 忠诚，效忠（33 题答案原词） |
| importation n. | 引入，引进 |
| terminology n. | 术语 |
| be associated with | 与……相关联（33 题 A 项设坑点） |
| non-profit organization | 非营利组织 |
| 长难句拆解 ②｜Para 3 首句（33 题定位句） |
第一层｜主干：These terms are intended to infuse work with meaning（这些术语旨在给工作注入意义）第二层｜and 并列第二个目的：and (to) increase allegiance to the firm——increase 前省略了 to，与 to infuse 并列，共用 are intended插入｜as 引导非限制性定语从句：as Rakesh Khurana ... points out（正如……指出的），as 指代整个主句内容，插在 and 与 increase 之间制造割裂感难点词：allegiance to the firm（对公司的忠诚）→ 33 题 D 项 employee loyalty 的同义替换原点；infuse A with B（把 B 注入 A）；intended → aims to（题干同义改写）译文：这些术语还意在给工作注入意义——并且，正如库拉纳所指出的，增加对公司的忠诚。This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance.The "mommy wars" of the 1990s are going on today, prompting arguments about whywomen still can't have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg's Lean In, whose title has become a buzzword in its own right.Terms like unplug, offline, life-hack, bandwidth, and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home. Butif your work is your "passion," you'll be more likely to devote yourself to it, even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.在围绕工作与生活平衡的争论日益激烈之际，这种对个人成就感的新关注有助于让员工保持干劲。上世纪 90 年代的"妈咪战争"延续至今，引发了一轮轮关于"女性为何无法兼顾一切"的争论，也催生了谢丽尔·桑德伯格的《向前一步》等著作——书名本身已经成为一个流行语。unplug（断网）、offline（离线）、life-hack（生活小窍门）、bandwidth（精力带宽）、capacity（容量）这些词都在谈如何为办公室与家庭划清界限。但如果你的工作就是你的"激情"所在，你就更可能全身心投入其中——哪怕这意味着回家吃过晚饭后，还要在孩子睡下之后工作到深夜。| personal fulfillment | 个人成就感 |
| amid prep. | 在……之中 |
| work-life balance | 工作与生活的平衡 |
| mommy wars | "妈咪战争"（职场妈妈与全职妈妈之争） |
| prompt v. | 引发，催生（34 题因果判断关键） |
| have it all | 拥有一切（兼顾事业与家庭） |
| buzzword n. | 流行语，时髦词 |
| in its own right | 凭本身（的资格），本身 |
| devote oneself to | 投身于，献身于 |
| 长难句拆解 ③｜Para 4 第二句（34 题定位句） |
第一层｜主干：The "mommy wars" of the 1990s are still going on today（"妈咪战争"延续至今）第二层｜prompting 现在分词作结果状语：prompting 两个并列宾语——① arguments about...（争论）② books like...（著作）＝战争"催生"了争论和书第三层｜why 宾语从句：arguments about why women still can't have it all（关于女性为何无法拥有一切的争论）第四层｜whose 定语从句：whose title has become a buzzword in its own right（whose 指 Lean In 的）难点词：prompt（催生）——34 题 C 项把因果倒过来设坑：是"妈咪战争"催生了《向前一步》一类书，不是书引发战争；buzzword（流行语）；in its own right（本身）译文："妈咪战争"延续至今，引发了关于"女性为何无法兼顾一切"的争论，也催生了《向前一步》等书——书名本身已成流行语。| Para 5 | officespeak 的讽刺：边嘲笑边使用 |
But this seems to be the irony of officespeak: Everyone makes fun of it, but managers love it, companies depend on it, and regular people willingly absorb it.As a linguist once said, "You can get people to think it's nonsense at the same time thatyou buy into it."In a workplace that's fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning, officespeak can help you figure out howyou relate to your work—andhow your work defineswho you are.但这似乎正是职场话术的讽刺之处：人人都拿它开玩笑，可管理者热爱它，公司依赖它，普通人也欣然接受它。正如一位语言学家曾说的："你可以让人们一边认为它毫无意义，一边又照单全收。"在一个对你的生活及其意义根本漠不关心的职场里，职场话术能帮你想明白自己与工作的关系——以及工作如何定义了你是谁。| irony n. | 讽刺，反讽 |
| officespeak n. | 职场话术，办公室用语（全文主旨词） |
| make fun of | 取笑，调侃（35 题＝mock） |
| willingly ad. | 心甘情愿地 |
| absorb v. | 接受，吸纳（35 题＝accept） |
| buy into | 信以为真，接受（习语） |
| indifferent a. | 冷漠的，漠不关心的（35 题 C 项设坑点） |
| figure out | 弄清楚，想明白 |
| relate to | 与……相关联；认同 |
| 长难句拆解 ④｜Para 5 末句（35 题定位段压轴句） |
第一层｜介词短语内嵌定语从句：In a workplace that's fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning（在一个对你的生活及其意义根本漠不关心的职场里）第二层｜主干 + 双 how 宾语从句并列：officespeak can help you figure out how A—and how B（帮你想明白①与工作的关系②工作如何定义你）第三层｜嵌套：第二个 how 从句内再嵌 who you are（defines 的宾语从句）——三层从句层层套难点词：indifferent（冷漠的）——35 题 C 项故意把 fundamentally 挪用到 officespeak 身上设坑；buy into（照单全收）；relate to（与……产生关联）译文：在一个对你的生活及其意义根本漠不关心的职场里，职场话术能帮你想明白自己与工作的关系——以及工作如何定义了你是谁。| 四步做题法：STEP 1 找定位词 → STEP 2 找定位句 → STEP 3 精读定位句 → STEP 4 匹配合适选项。每道题都走完整流程，方法才能内化成考场本能。建议：先掐时间自己做一遍，再看解析。 |
| 31 | According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become ______. |
题干核心：Nancy Koehn（人名是最好用的定位词）+ office language has become（语言变得……）——回 Para 1 找她说的话。"the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago," said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn.译：美国企业界的通用语比 20 年前情绪化得多、更加感性了——科恩教授说。has gotten much more emotional：get 作系动词＝"变得"，语言变得"更情绪化/更感性"；right-brained（右脑＝感性直觉）是同一判断的第二次印证。两个证据指向同一个答案。正确答案：A｜more emotional（更情绪化）| 选项 | 判断 | 依据与解析 |
| A | √ 正确 | much more emotional 原词复现，right-brained 二次印证，最稳妥的细节题答案。 |
| B | × 排除 | 反向干扰：objectives 是 1990 年代的旧词，如今恰恰"谈得少"，语言变得更不客观。 |
| C | × 排除 | 反向干扰：原文"现在谈 energy"，不是 less energetic。 |
| D | × 排除 | 反向干扰：strategies 是过去的词，原文没说现在"更少战略"。 |
| 32 | "Team"-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to ______. |
题干核心："Team"-oriented corporate vocabulary（带引号的 "team" 是绝佳定位词）——回 Para 2。this new era of corporate vocabulary is very "team"-oriented—and not by coincidence. "Let's not forget sports... it's still a big deal... most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win."译：企业新词汇以"团队"为导向——绝非巧合。"别忘了体育……大多数人把自己看作教练，公司是球队，他们想赢。""绝非巧合"是信号词：前句提出"团队话术"，后句立刻解释其来源——sports（体育）。coach（教练）、team（球队）、win（夺冠）整段是体育隐喻链，说明"团队"话术源自体育文化。正确答案：C｜sports culture（体育文化）| 选项 | 判断 | 依据与解析 |
| A | × 排除 | 无中生有："团队"话术的来源是体育，不是历史事件。 |
| B | × 排除 | 背景干扰：male-dominated 只交代"体育在美国企业界吃香"的背景，不是"团队"话术的来源。 |
| C | √ 正确 | sports / coach / team / win 体育隐喻链完整对应"团队"话术的来源。 |
| D | × 排除 | 曲解：CEO 是"把自己比作"教练，不是说他们运动员出身（athletic）。 |
| 33 | Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to _______. |
[A] revive historical terms[B] promote company image[C] foster corporate cooperation[D] strengthen employee loyalty题干核心：Khurana（人名）+ importation of terminology（术语的引入）——回 Para 3。These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and, as Rakesh Khurana, another professor, points out, increase allegiance to the firm.译：这些术语旨在给工作注入意义——并且，正如库拉纳指出的，增加对公司的忠诚。题干 aims to ＝ 原文 intended to；Khurana 指出的目的落在 increase allegiance to the firm——allegiance（忠诚）＝ loyalty，对公司的忠诚 ＝ 员工的忠诚度。同义替换一步到位。正确答案：D｜strengthen employee loyalty（增强员工忠诚度）| 选项 | 判断 | 依据与解析 |
| A | × 排除 | 偷换："历史上与宗教组织相关"是这些词的来源，不是引入它们的目的；revive（复兴）更无从谈起。 |
| B | × 排除 | 无中生有：全文未提"公司形象"。 |
| C | × 排除 | 张冠李戴："注入意义"≠"促进合作"；"团队"导向是第二段 Koehn 的观点，别混到 Khurana 头上。 |
| D | √ 正确 | increase allegiance to the firm（增加对公司的忠诚）＝ strengthen employee loyalty，标准同义替换。 |
| 34 | It can be inferred that Lean In _______. |
[A] voices for working women[B] appeals to passionate workaholics[C] triggers debates among mommies[D] praises motivated employees题干核心：Lean In（书名，专有名词）——只在 Para 4 出现，推断题需要读它所在的整句话。The "mommy wars" of the 1990s are still going on today, prompting arguments about why women still can't have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg's Lean In, whose title has become a buzzword in its own right.译："妈咪战争"延续至今，引发了一轮轮关于"女性为何无法兼顾一切"的争论，也催生了桑德伯格的《向前一步》等书。因果链看清楚：mommy wars（妈咪战争）→ prompting（催生）→ ①arguments about "女性为何不能拥有一切" ②books like Lean In。《向前一步》诞生于"职场女性处境"的争论语境，主题是为职场女性发声。正确答案：A｜voices for working women（为职场女性发声）| 选项 | 判断 | 依据与解析 |
| A | √ 正确 | "女性为何不能拥有一切"的争论催生的书，推断其为职场女性处境发声，合理且有据。 |
| B | × 排除 | 张冠李戴："passion／devote yourself"是下一句的泛论，与该书无关。 |
| C | × 排除 | 因果颠倒：是"妈咪战争"辩论催生了书，不是书引发了妈咪之间的辩论。 |
| D | × 排除 | 无中生有：原文没说这本书"赞扬有干劲的员工"。 |
| 35 | Which of the following statements is true about officespeak? |
[A] Managers admire it but avoid it.[B] Linguists believe it to be nonsense.[C] Companies find it to be fundamental.[D] Regular people mock it but accept it.题干核心：officespeak（全文主旨词）——判断题，末段集中出现，四个选项各自对应末段一句话，逐项比对。Everyone makes fun of it, but managers love it, companies depend on it, and regular people willingly absorb it.译：人人都拿它开玩笑，但管理者热爱它，公司依赖它，普通人也欣然接受它。这是"主体＋态度"配对题，一个主体对一个态度：everyone→嘲笑；managers→热爱；companies→依赖；regular people→嘲笑（everyone 包含在内）＋欣然接受（willingly absorb）。选项只要改掉其中一个要素就是错的。正确答案：D｜Regular people mock it but accept it（普通人嘲笑它却接受它）| 选项 | 判断 | 依据与解析 |
| A | × 排除 | 后半句错：managers love it，是"热爱"不是 avoid（回避）。 |
| B | × 排除 | 张冠李戴：语言学家说的是"可以让人们认为它无意义"，不是语言学家自己断定它是废话。 |
| C | × 排除 | 偷换概念：原文是 depend on（依赖）；fundamentally 在原文修饰的是职场的"冷漠"，不是公司认为它"根本重要"。 |
| D | √ 正确 | make fun of＝mock（嘲笑）、willingly absorb＝accept（接受），双替换精准对应。 |
| 题号 | 答案 | 定位段 | 核心线索 |
| 31 | A | Para 1 | has gotten much more emotional / right-brained |
| 32 | C | Para 2 | not by coincidence → sports / coaches / team |
| 33 | D | Para 3 | increase allegiance to the firm |
| 34 | A | Para 4 | war → prompting → arguments / books like Lean In |
| 35 | D | Para 5 | regular people willingly absorb it（＝accept） |
| 潘老师划重点：本篇是"人物观点"高频套路篇——31/32/33 全部靠"人名"定位，观点永远藏在引号里，见人名先圈出来。35 题是"主体＋态度"配对：everyone→嘲笑、managers→热爱、companies→依赖、regular people→又嘲笑又接受，改任何一个要素就是错项。替换对子背下来：allegiance＝loyalty、make fun of＝mock、absorb＝accept。34 题的坑在因果方向：是"妈咪战争"催生了《向前一步》，不是书引发辩论——prompting 引导的因果链一定要顺着读。 |
| 词汇和长难句建议回顾 2 遍 ｜ 逐题精讲配合「定位词→定位句→精读→匹配」四步走 |
| 觉得有用，点个「在看」，转发给一起考研的 TA ｜ 下一期真题精讲见 |