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小学英语必背|113个不规则动词过去式&过去分词,5 大规律巧记(完整版)

孩子们学英语,动词变化是绕不过的一道坎。一般过去时要用过去式,现在完成时、被动语态要用过去分词。 但是孩子不愿意记也记不住,主要的原因是没有掌握规律!今天这份汇总,把小学到初中衔接最常用的 113 个不规则动词,按变化规律分成5类,方便孩子成组记忆。建议家长收藏、打印,让孩子每天背一组。 完整版电子文档在公众号后台扣数字10私发❤
① 一般过去时:主语 + 过去式
表示过去发生的动作,常和 yesterday、last week、...ago 连用。
例:I went to the park yesterday.(我昨天去了公园。)
② 现在完成时:have / has + 过去分词
例:She has finished her homework.(她已经完成了作业。)
③ 被动语态:be + 过去分词
例:The window was broken yesterday.(窗户昨天被打碎了。)
💡 记忆口诀:一看二切三伤害,花费伤害放下来,关门读书成本在。
cut — cut — cut 切;割
put — put — put 放
read — read — read 读(注意过去式读音变为 /red/)
let — let — let 让
set — set — set 放置;设置
cost — cost — cost 花费(金钱)
hit — hit — hit 打;撞
hurt — hurt — hurt 伤害;受伤
shut — shut — shut 关闭
split — split — split 劈开;分裂
spread — spread — spread 传播;展开
broadcast — broadcast — broadcast 广播
burst — burst — burst 爆发;破裂
cast — cast — cast 投;抛
thrust — thrust — thrust 刺;猛推
quit — quit — quit 放弃;退出
rid — rid — rid 摆脱;除去
💡 只有一个常用词:beat(打败)。beat—beat—beaten。
beat — beat — beaten 打败;敲打
💡 来、变成、跑,过去分词又回到原形。
come — came — come 来
become — became — become 变成
run — ran — run 跑
💡 数量最多,重点记忆。常见结尾:-aught/-ought、-ept/-elt、-aid/-old 等。
make — made — made 做;制作
have — had — had 有;吃
say — said — said 说
tell — told — told 告诉
sell — sold — sold 卖
buy — bought — bought 买
bring — brought — brought 带来
think — thought — thought 想;认为
fight — fought — fought 打架;战斗
catch — caught — caught 抓住;赶上
teach — taught — taught 教
seek — sought — sought 寻找
keep — kept — kept 保持;保留
sleep — slept — slept 睡觉
sweep — swept — swept 打扫
feel — felt — felt 感觉
leave — left — left 离开;留下
smell — smelt — smelt 闻(美式也作 smelled)
spell — spelt — spelt 拼写(美式也作 spelled)
learn — learnt — learnt 学习(美式也作 learned)
dream — dreamt — dreamt 做梦(美式也作 dreamed)
spend — spent — spent 花费(时间/金钱)
lend — lent — lent 借出
send — sent — sent 送;寄
build — built — built 建造
burn — burnt — burnt 燃烧(美式也作 burned)
mean — meant — meant 意思是
meet — met — met 遇见
feed — fed — fed 喂养
lead — led — led 带领
sit — sat — sat 坐
win — won — won 获胜
stand — stood — stood 站立
understand — understood — understood 理解
find — found — found 找到
hold — held — held 握住;举行
hear — heard — heard 听见
pay — paid — paid 付款
lay — laid — laid 放置;下蛋
hang — hung — hung 悬挂(绞死用 hanged)
shine — shone — shone 发光;照耀
shoot — shot — shot 射击
get — got — got 得到(美式 pp 也作 gotten)
dig — dug — dug 挖
stick — stuck — stuck 粘;卡住
sting — stung — stung 刺;叮
swing — swung — swung 摇摆;荡秋千
spin — spun — spun 旋转;纺
💡 过去分词常见 -en / -own / -awn 结尾。
go — went — gone 去
do — did — done 做
see — saw — seen 看见
eat — ate — eaten 吃
give — gave — given 给
take — took — taken 拿;带走
write — wrote — written 写
ride — rode — ridden 骑
drive — drove — driven 驾驶
sing — sang — sung 唱歌
ring — rang — rung 响铃;打电话
swim — swam — swum 游泳
begin — began — begun 开始
drink — drank — drunk 喝
fly — flew — flown 飞
grow — grew — grown 生长;种植
know — knew — known 知道
throw — threw — thrown 扔
blow — blew — blown 吹
draw — drew — drawn 画
show — showed — shown 展示
speak — spoke — spoken 说(语言)
break — broke — broken 打破
choose — chose — chosen 选择
freeze — froze — frozen 结冰;冻结
wake — woke — woken 醒来
forget — forgot — forgotten 忘记
wear — wore — worn 穿;戴
tear — tore — torn 撕
bear — bore — borne 承受;生育
lie — lay — lain 躺(说谎为规则:lied)
be — was/were — been 是
hide — hid — hidden 躲藏
bite — bit — bitten 咬
fall — fell — fallen 落下;跌倒
forbid — forbade — forbidden 禁止
arise — arose — arisen 出现;上升
rise — rose — risen 升起
steal — stole — stolen 偷
weave — wove — woven 编织
sow — sowed — sown 播种
sew — sewed — sewn 缝
mow — mowed — mown 割草
swell — swelled — swollen 膨胀;肿胀
lie / lay 是重灾区:
hang 有两种变化:
read 拼写不变、读音变:
觉得有用,就点个「在看」,转发给身边需要的家长吧~
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作者:沁蕾
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