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专题 04 阅读理解之说明文 12 篇
（23-24高二上·湖南娄底·期末）Many people cannot live without modern technology products, especially
their smart phones. They use devices to stay in contact with family and friends while driving. The most common
method of communication is by sending written messages, a custom known as texting.
A new study suggests that more than half of U. S. parents believe texting while driving a car or other vehicles is
unsafe. Yet most of those questioned said they do it anyway. The finding was reported earlier this month in a scientific
publication.
Researchers questioned 435 parents from across the United States. Regan Bergmark, who led the survey, said
that many people believe texting while driving is unsafe but have also likely done it. In fact, the survey found that 52
percent of millennial (千禧年的) parents said they thought it was “never” safe to text and drive. The same goes for
58 percent of older parents. But almost two-thirds of parents reported reading texts while driving, and more than half
of them have also written texts.Millennial parents were more likely to use email while driving and drive faster than
the speed limit.
“The problem with smartphones is that they have become an unavoidable part of daily life for most people,”
Regan said. “Many people are expected to be reachable by phone or email immediately, to be reachable for their
children or work.Being a responsible adult therefore often means always being reachable-yet we also know that while
driving.Being reachable carries with it the risk of a crash. ”
In general,it is never safe to use a smartphone while driving. There are a number of APPs that can help to limit
distracted (分心的) driving by disabling phone features, when the vehicle is in motion. The simplest thing to do is
put the phone out of sight and out of reach to reduce the temptation (诱惑) to drive distractedly.
1．What is the main problem described in Paragraph 2?
A．People use smartphones to keep in touch with others.
B．People tend to drive faster than the speed limit.
C．People tend to write text messages rather than use email.
D．People use smartphones while driving despite the danger.
2．What can we infer from Regan’s words?
A．People in modern society can’t live without smartphones.
B．People are expected to be reachable every second.
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司C．It’s unwise to be always reachable while driving.
D．It’s dangerous to drive because of the risk of a crash.
3．In the last paragraph, the author means to .
A．summarize the previous paragraphs B．provide some advice for the readers
C．add some background information D．introduce a new topic for discussion
4．Where is the text most likely from?
A．A novel. B．A guidebook.
C．A scientific report. D．A medical magazine.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究，表明大多数美国家长曾在开车时用手机发过消息，这一
行为是很危险的。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A new study suggests that more than half of U. S. parents believe texting while
driving a car or other vehicles is unsafe. Yet most of those questioned said they do it anyway. (一项新研究表明，
美国超过一半的父母认为在驾驶汽车或其他载具时发消息是不安全的。然而参加调查的人中大多数都表示
他们还是这样做过)”可知，第二段描述的主要问题就是人们会不顾危险在开车时使用手机。故选D项。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段引述Regan的原话“Many people are expected to be reachable by phone or email
immediately, to be reachable for their children or work.Being a responsible adult therefore often means always
being reachable-yet we also know that while driving.Being reachable carries with it the risk of a crash.(许多人都希
望能通过电话或电子邮件立即联系到他们，他们的孩子或工作上的事也可以联系到他们。因此，作为一个
负责任的成年人，通常意味着总是可以联系到，哪怕是在开车时。时刻保持联系就带来了车祸的风险。)”
可知，尽管时刻与外界保持联系是现代社会的要求，但在进行开车这样需要高度专注的活动时还要这样是
很不明智、很不安全的。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In general, it is never safe to use a smartphone while driving. There are a
number of APPs that can help to limit distracted (分心的) driving by disabling phone features, when the vehicle is
in motion. The simplest thing to do is put the phone out of sight and out of reach to reduce the temptation (诱惑) to
drive distractedly.(总的来说，开车时用手机是绝对不安全的。有很多的APP能在车辆运转时通过禁用手机
功能来帮助限制开车时分心的情况。最简单的做法就是把手机放在眼睛看不到、手碰不着的地方，从而减
少因此而分心的诱惑)”可知，作者在最后一段提供了一些关于开车时使用手机的建议。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。总览全文可知，本文内容是关于开车时使用手机的一项调查的结果说明与分析，调查研
究最可能出自科学报道。故选C项。
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司（23-24高二上·安徽马鞍山·期末）Language is in a constant state of change. British English shows this
clearly. Take the word “Cheerio!” for example. It has been a British way to say goodbye for more than a century, but
it’s dying out as the English language evolves. These days, many young people simply say “laters”. Or take the word
“marvelous”. At one time it was a common British word meaning “wonderful”, but over the last ten years it’s been
overtaken by the American word “awesome”.
So how and why do words come into and fall out of fashion? The influence of US culture is only one explanation
for why popular words in British English may change or even stop being used over time. “Awesome” is a good
example, but also “fortnight”, a term not used in the US, is now falling out of fashion in British English, and in some
cases has been replaced by “two weeks”.
New inventions also bring in new words. As old inventions are replaced by new ones, the words which
described them also disappear and are replaced. So it’s out with the “Walkman” (a cassette player from the 80s) and
in with MP4 players!
Then there’s the influence of social media. Text messages and emails have reduced words for convenience,
with something like ICYMI (“in case you missed it”) becoming words in their own right. Where “friend” was once
a noun, we now “friend someone on Facebook” and where we used to “love” something, now we’re “loving it”!
1．In what situation do the British use “Cheerio!”?
A．When they give thanks. B．When they ask for help.
C．When they say goodbye. D．When they meet new friends.
2．What does the underlined word “evolves” mean?
A．Returns. B．Develops. C．Follows. D．Falls.
3．Why does the writer talk about “Walkman”?
A．To show its importance. B．To talk about its history.
C．To describe how it came into being. D．To explain how some words are replaced.
4．What effect is social media having on language?
A．It is changing the way that words are used. B．It is making language difficult to learn.
C．It is bringing in many long words. D．It is making meanings clearer.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述随着社会的发展，英语词汇的应用也随之变化，并介绍了其原因。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Take the word ‘Cheerio!’ for example. It has been a British way to say goodbye
for more than a century(以‘Cheerio!’为例。一个多世纪以来，它一直是英国人告别的方式)”可知，英国人告
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司别时会说“Cheerio!”。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据划线词前“Language is in a constant state of change. British English shows this clearly.
Take the word ‘Cheerio!’ for example. It has been a British way to say goodbye for more than a century(语言处于
不断变化的状态。英式英语清楚地表明了这一点。以‘Cheerio!’为例。一个多世纪以来，它一直是英国人
告别的方式)”以及其后“These days, many young people simply say ‘laters’.(如今，许多年轻人只是
说‘laters’)”可知，此处是以“Cheerio”为例说明语言的不断变化，故此处指“但随着英语的发展，它正在
消亡”，evolves意为“发展”，故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“As old inventions are replaced by new ones, the words which described them
also disappear and are replaced. So it’s out with the ‘Walkman’ (a cassette player from the 80s) and in with MP4
players!(当旧的发明被新的发明所取代时，描述它们的词语也会消失并被取代。因此，‘Walkman’（一种
80年代的卡带式随身听）被淘汰，而MP4播放器取而代之)”可知，文章提到Walkman是为了表明一些旧
词汇随着新发明的出现也会随着消失，故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Then there’s the influence of social media. Text messages and emails have
reduced words for convenience, with something like ICYMI (‘in case you missed it’) becoming words in their own
right. Where ‘friend’ was once a noun, we now ‘friend someone on Facebook’ and where we used to ‘love’
something, now we’re ‘loving it’!(其次是社交媒体的影响。为了方便，短信和电子邮件减少了单词，像
ICYMI (‘以防错过’) 这样的词就成为了它们自己的词。‘朋友’曾经是一个名词，我们现在‘在
Facebook上交朋友’，我们曾经是‘喜爱’某个东西，现在我们是‘正在喜爱它’)”可知，社交媒体正在
改变语言的使用方式，故选A。
（23-24高二上·江西萍乡·期末）The words “caring” and “empathetic” (共情的) aren’t ones normally
associated with technology. Yearsley, an Australian enterpriser who is expert in artificial intelligence (AI), is trying
to change that.
Yearsley is the founder of Akin, a robotics startup that currently uses a tablet-based system to help users manage
the tasks related to home life, whether that’s planning meals or reminding you to pay your cell phone bill. Current
home devices made by Google or Amazon or Apple use predictive AI to track patterns, strengthen behaviors and
manipulate (操控) buying decisions, some of which, she assumes, are questionable or just unhealthy.
In contrast, the AI that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful
decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday
celebrations with friends. “It’s the hardest AI I have ever built for it’s a complex system,” Yearsley says.
Yearsley began developing the Akin technology in 2017, when she realized the need to better manage the home
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司is hugely ignored. Besides, she realized that women unequally bear the burden of household work. A United Nations’
report estimates that women do2.6 times the amount of unpaid care and domestic work that men do, or close to 30
hours per week in the U. S. alone.
While Yearsley pictures an army of robots someday helping with routine homemade tasks, the first display for
Akin will take time and money. Akin has received some early seed money from a handful of investors, and was
recently selected as a finalist for tech giant LG Nova’s Mission for the Future program, an annual challenge that seeks
to identify businesses having potential to improve life and lead society into the future.
1．What might the Akin’s AI system suggest?
A．Consuming more drinks to enjoy yourself. B．Staying up late working to make more money.
C．Spending more time staying with your family. D．Purchasing products that may attract you.
2．What made Yearsley develop the Akin’s AI system?
A．The high cost of current home devices. B．Akin’s becoming a finalist for a program.
C．Financial support from investors. D．Heavy burden of housewives.
3．What can be used to describe the Akin’s AI system?
A．Questionable and unhealthy. B．Unstable and insecure.
C．Thoughtful and innovative. D．Mature and ideal.
4．What’s the purpose of the text?
A．To introduce a futuristic AI system. B．To compare two companies’ AI systems.
C．To call on people to care about housewives. D．To seek support for an AI expert.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。
1．推理判断题。根据第三段“In contrast, the AI that she is developing will be designed to run the human home,
encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions
like lunches or birthday celebrations with friends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家
庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动)”可
知Akin的人工智能系统支持与家人一起度过更多时间。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Yearsley began developing the Akin technology in 2017, when she realized .the
need to better manage the home is hugely ignored. Besides, she realized that women unequally bear the burden of
household work.(Yearsley在2017年开始开发Akin技术，当时她意识到更好地管理家庭的需求被严重忽视。
此外，她意识到女性承担家务的负担是不平等的)”可知，Yearsley的AI系统研发的因素之一就是家庭主妇
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司和照顾者的沉重负担。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段“Current home devices made by Google or Amazon or Apple use predictive AI to
track patterns, strengthen behaviors and manipulate (操控) buying decisions, some of which, she assumes, are
questionable or just unhealthy.(目前由谷歌、亚马逊或苹果生产的家用设备使用预测性人工智能来跟踪模式、
强化行为并操控购买决策。其中有一些，她认为，是有问题的或者不健康的)”和第三段的“In contrast, the
Al that she is developing will be designed to run the human home, encouraging healthful decisions such as taking a
nightly walk, refilling the fridge and supporting social interactions like lunches or birthday celebrations with
friends.(相比之下，她正在开发的人工智能将被设计为管理人类的家庭，鼓励健康的决定，比如晚上散步，
给冰箱加满食物，支持与朋友共进午餐或庆祝生日等社交互动。)”可知，Akin公司的人工智能系统是考虑
周到的且新颖的。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Akin has received some early seed money from a handful of investors, and was
recently selected as a finalist for tech giant LG Nova’s Mission for the Future program, an annual challenge that
seeks to identify businesses having potential to improve life and lead society into the future.( Akin已经从一些投
资者那里获得了一些早期种子资金，最近还入选了科技巨头LG Nova的“未来使命”项目的决赛名单，该
项目是一个年度挑战，旨在寻找有潜力改善生活、引领社会走向未来的企业)”并结合全文可知，本文的目
的是介绍Akin公司的一套未来人工智能系统。故选A。
（23-24高二上·辽宁沈阳·期末）When colds and flu hit, many people automatically turn to over-the-counter
(OTC) medicines to push through and treat their symptoms. Although these medicines are easily accessible and
widely used, it might come as a surprise to many people to learn that they are not risk-free. A study estimated that
every year, 26,735 people went to the emergency room for adverse (不利的) events related to OTC cold and cough
medicines.
When two or more drugs are used together, their interactions can sometimes produce unexpected harmful
effects. Physicians are typically knowledgeable about potential drug interactions, so it is very important for patients
to ask their healthcare providers which OTC medicines are safe for them to use.
It is important to read the package ingredients of OTC medicines closely to avoid duplication of doses (剂量
重复). Cold medicines are typically made up of multiple ingredients. A person who takes a single-ingredient medicine
paired with one of these multi-ingredient medicines can receive an unsafe dose of that ingredient.
While everyone could potentially experience adverse effects from cold and flu medicines, some groups —
including older adults, children and pregnant women — may be at greater risk. Older people who are using prescribed
drugs to treat multiple health conditions may have a higher risk of drug interactions because of the higher number of
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司medicines being used at the same time to treat different conditions. The aging body is not as expert at absorbing,
distributing and clearing medicines as younger bodies are. This can put older adults at higher risk for an overdose
and drug-to-drug interactions with some medicines.
The Food and Drug Administration and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention do not recommend
giving cold medicines to children under age 4. Because of a variety of factors, young children have a higher risk of
an accidental overdose and adverse events that could lead to death.
1．What does the author advise patients to do in Paragraph 2?
A．To ask for suggestions from doctors. B．To buy medicines from hospitals.
C．To read the package ingredients of drugs. D．To take drugs as early as possible.
2．What’s the purpose of mentioning cold medicines in Paragraph 3?
A．To provide a medical choice for people who catch a cold.
B．To show cold medicines are more likely to cause bad effects.
C．To explain OTC medicines often have more than one ingredient.
D．To stress the importance of learning about medicines’ ingredients.
3．What can we infer about older people in Paragraph 4?
A．They can’t cope with aging positively. B．Their body can’t handle medicines easily.
C．They are more easily affected by diseases. D．Their desire for health makes them unwise.
4．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Say No to OTC Drugs B．Tips on Taking OTC Drugs
C．OTC Medicines May Not Be Safe D．How to Deal with an OTC Drug Overdose
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要向我们介绍了服用非处方药（OTC），如感冒和流感药物的风险。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Physicians are typically knowledgeable about potential drug interactions, so
it is very important for patients to ask their healthcare providers which OTC medicines are safe for them to use.(医
生通常对潜在的药物相互作用非常了解，所以对病人来说，询问他们的医生哪些非处方药对他们来说是安
全的是非常重要的。)”可知，作者建议病人们应该询问医生哪些非处方药对他们来说是安全的是非常重要
的，即作者建议病人向医生寻求建议。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It is important to read the package ingredients of OTC medicines closely to
avoid duplication of doses. Cold medicines are typically made up of multiple ingredients. A person who takes
a single-ingredient medicine paired with one of these multi-ingredient medicines can receive an unsafe dose of that
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司ingredient.(仔细阅读非处方药的包装成分以避免重复剂量是很重要的。感冒药通常由多种成分组成。一个
人服用单一成分的药物与其中一种多种成分的药物搭配，可能会收到不安全剂量的该成分。)”可知，作者
在第三段中提感冒药是为了强调了解药物成分的重要性。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Older people who are using prescribed drugs to treat multiple health
conditions may have a higher risk of drug interactions because of the higher number of medicines being used at the
same time to treat different conditions. The aging body is not as expert at absorbing, distributing and clearing
medicines as younger bodies are.(使用处方药治疗多种健康状况的老年人可能有更高的药物相互作用风险，
因为同时使用更多的药物来治疗不同的疾病。衰老的身体不像年轻的身体那样擅长吸收、分配和清除药
物。)”可以推断出老年人的身体不容易接受药物。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中的“When colds and flu hit, many people automatically turn to
over-the-counter (OTC) medicines to push through and treat their symptoms. Although these medicines are easily
accessible and widely used, it might come as a surprise to many people to learn that they are not risk-free.(当感冒
和流感来袭时，许多人会不由自主地求助于非处方药(OTC)来克服和治疗他们的症状。虽然这些药物很容
易获得并被广泛使用，但许多人可能会惊讶地发现它们并非没有风险。)”可知，本文主要讲的是非处方药
（OTC），如感冒和流感药物的风险。C选项“OTC Medicines May Not Be Safe(非处方药可能不安全)”最
适合用作本文的标题。故选C。
（23-24高二上·江西·期末）Winning a remarkable science award is really a big deal, especially if you are
12 years old. But Shanya Gill, a middle schooler from San Jose, California, won the top award in the Thermo Fisher
Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge for designing a fire detection system that is superior to existing ones, as stated
in the press release.
“The top winners have exhibited boundless curiosity,” Maya Ajmera president and CEO of Society for Science,
said in the press release. “Their remarkable research not only reflects their talent but also paves the way for an exciting
new future.”
Shanya’s inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022,
reported The Washington Post. “I had never really experienced something like that before,” she told The Washington
Post about the early morning fire at Holder’s Country Inn, which started in the kitchen. “They had smoke detectors,
and yet it still burned down,” she added.
After she studied fire statistics, Shaya spent over a year developing a fire detection system that she believes
could have prevented the fire. Unlike traditional smoke detectors that sense active fires from the smoke in the air,
Shanya’s thermal (热的) imaging device is designed to stop fires from occurring.
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司With a thermal camera and a tiny computer, the device detects when a heat source has been left unattended for
ten minutes and sends a text message warning. Shanya wants to bring the costs down to make it even more common
than hardwired smoke detectors.
“Shanya saw a problem, went after it and tried to solve it, and that’s what we need to encourage with all young
people,” said Ajmera. She also highlighted the significance of supporting individuals, especially girls and kids of
color, in STEM fields.
1．What can we learn about Shanya from the first two paragraphs?
A．She gained a lot of money in the award.
B．She showed a curious nature as a schooler.
C．She set a big stage for young people her age.
D．She was junior to other winners in performance.
2．What motivated Shanya to develop her fire detection system?
A．Her desire to win the science award.
B．Her experience of a destructive fire
C．Her interest in computer programming.
D．Her goal to improve STEM education for girls.
3．What is an advantage of Shanya’s invention?
A．It can send out a warning against a potential fire.
B．It consists of two parts that are easier to conduct.
C．It can detect active fires from the smoke in the air.
D．It functions when a fire breaks out within 10 minutes.
4．Which of the following can best describe Shanya?
A．Reliable. B．Cooperative. C．Innovative. D．Generous.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了来自加州圣何塞的中学生Shanya Gill在赛默飞世尔科学少年创
新者挑战赛中获得了最高奖项，因为她设计了一种优于现有系统的火灾探测系统。文章介绍了这种系统开
发背后的灵感来源以及优点。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段““The top winners have exhibited boundless curiosity,” Maya Ajmera president
and CEO of Society for Science, said in the press release. (科学学会主席兼首席执行官玛雅·阿杰梅拉在新闻发
布会上说：“顶级获奖者表现出了无限的好奇心。”)”可知，Shanya表现出学者好奇的天性。故选B。
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Shanya’s inspiration came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood
during the summer of 2022, reported The Washington Post. (据《华盛顿邮报》报道，Shanya的灵感来自于
2022年夏天一场大火烧毁了她家附近的一家餐馆)”可知，经历了一场毁灭性的火灾促使Shanya开发她的火
灾探测系统。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“With a thermal camera and a tiny computer, the device detects when a heat
source has been left unattended for ten minutes and sends a text message warning. (该设备配备了一个热像仪和
一台微型电脑，当热源无人看管超过10分钟时，它就会检测到，并发出短信警告。)”可知，Shanya的发明
优点在于可以发出潜在火灾的警告。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“But Shanya Gill, a middle schooler from San Jose, California, won the top award
in the Thermo Fisher Scientific Junior Innovators Challenge for designing a fire detection system that is superior to
existing ones, as stated in the press release. (但是，来自加州圣何塞的中学生Shanya Gill在赛默飞世尔科学少
年创新者挑战赛中获得了最高奖项，因为她设计了一种优于现有系统的火灾探测系统)”可推知，Shanya发
明了一种优于现有系统的火灾探测系统，说明她很有创新精神。故选C。
（23-24 高二上·贵州黔西·期末）Self-image is a mental blueprint or picture of ourselves — our own
conception of the sort of person we are. Self-image is built up from our own beliefs about ourselves, the beliefs
formed from our past experiences, successes, failures, relationships, etc.
Once a belief about ourselves is programmed into our minds, we act upon it as if it were true. Our positive
beliefs are developed when we do something successfully or are recognized by people around us. Our negative beliefs
are also developed when we give in to negative ideas. When we fail in something, some of us conclude that we are
unsuccessful, unwanted, condemned, etc.
Thus, self-image is the key element in determining whether our internal guidance system functions for success
or for failure. It sets the limits of our accomplishments, It determines what we can and cannot do. Self-image creates
your character and your personality as well.
You may think the concept of self-image being an internal guidance system was got from the thought of a
trained psychologist. In reality, the idea came from Maxwell Maltz, a plastic surgeon who was more interested in
helping people by giving them emotional facelifts, rather than just physical ones.
“Expand the self-image and you expand the ‘area of the possible’,” said Dr Maltz.
Maltz determined that the human brain and nervous system function as a kind of goal-seeking device similar
to that used to guide airplanes on automatic pilot. Maltz’s idea is simple: each one of us is capable of taking control
of our self-image and programming our automatic guidance system for success. According to Maltz, all behavior is
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司defined by the self-image and no real behavioral change can take place unless the self-image is changed.
1．According the passage, our self-image is build up from the following except__________.
A．experiences B．successes C．hope D．failures
2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．The formation of self-image. B．The function of self-image.
C．The definition of self-image. D．The advantages of self-image.
3．Who defined the concept of self-image according to the passage?
A．A doctor. B．A chemist. C．A psychologist. D．An environmentalist.
4．What can we learn about self-image from the last paragraph?
A．It is used to guide airplanes.
B．It has an effect on our behavior.
C．It can be controlled by our nervous system.
D．It can serve as a goal-setting device.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“自我形象”的概念、构成及功能等信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Self-image is built up from our own beliefs about ourselves, the beliefs formed
from our past experiences, successes, failures, relationships, etc.(自我形象是建立在我们对自己的信念之上的，
这些信念形成于我们过去的经历、成功、失败、人际关系等等。)”可知，我们的自我形象是从我们过去的
经历、成功、失败、人际关系建立来的，不包含希望，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段“Self-image is a mental blueprint or picture of ourselves - our own conception of
the sort of person we are. Self-image is built up from our own beliefs about ourselves, the beliefs formed from our
past experiences, successes, failures, relationships, etc.(自我形象是我们自己的心理蓝图或图片——我们自己对
自己是什么样的人的概念。自我形象是建立在我们对自己的信念之上的，这些信念形成于我们过去的经历、
成功、失败、人际关系等等。)”和第三段“Thus, self-image is the key element in determining whether our
internal guidance system functions for success or for failure.(因此，自我形象是决定我们的内部指导系统是成
功还是失败的关键因素。)”可知，本文介绍了“自我形象”的概念、构成及功能等信息，但没有提及“自
我形象”的优势，故选D。
3．细节理解题。由第四段“In reality, the idea came from Maxwell Maltz, a plastic surgeon who was more
interested in helping people by giving them emotional facelifts, rather than just physical ones.(实际上，这个想法
来自整形外科医生Maxwell Maltz，他更感兴趣的是通过给人们做情感整容，而不仅仅是身体整容。)”可知，
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司“自我形象”这个概念是由一个整形医生提出来的，故选A。
4．推理判断题。由最后一段“According to Maltz, all behavior is defined by the self-image and no real
behavioral change can take place unless the self-image is changed.(根据Maltz的观点，所有的行为都是由自我
形象决定的，除非自我形象改变，否则不会发生真正的行为改变。)”可知，如果“自我形象”不发生改变，
就不会产生真正的行为变化，由此可推断“自我形象”对人们的行为是有影响的，故选B。
（23-24高二上·陕西西安·期末）Chien-Shiung Wu was a Chinese-American nuclear physicist who has been
recognized as “the First Lady of Physics” and “Queen of Nuclear Research”. Her research contributions include work
on the Manhattan Project and the Wu experiment.
Born in a small town near Shanghai, China, on May 31, 1912, Chien-Shiung Wu was the only daughter of
three children. Education was important to the Wu family, which influenced young Wu the most. Her mother, a
teacher, and her father, an engineer, encouraged her to pursue science and mathematics from an early age. She began
her study in one of the first schools founded by her father, and then went to Suzhou School. Later she attended
Shanghai Gong Xue public school for one year. In 1930, Wu entered Nanjing University, where she first pursued
mathematics but quickly switched her major to physics, inspired by a famous female scientist, Marie Curie. She
graduated with top honors at the head of her class with a B．S. degree in 1934.
After graduation, she went to the University of California. There she met Professor Ernest Lawrence, a later
Nobel Prize winner. Wu’s graduate work focused on a highly desirable topic of that age: uranium fission (铀裂变)
products. After completing her Ph. D．in 1940, Wu accepted an offer from Princeton University as the first female
teacher. In 1944, she joined the Manhattan Project at Columbia University.
After leaving the Manhattan Project in 1945, Wu spent the rest of her career in the Department of Physics at
Columbia. She is best known for conducting the Wu experiment, the discovery of which resulted in her colleagues
Tsung-Dao Lee and Chen-Ning Yang winning the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics, while Wu was not included. Wu was
aware of the injustice and at an MIT conference in October of 1964, she stated “I wonder whether the physics symbols
have any preference for either male or female treatment.”
Wu retired from Columbia in 1981 and devoted her time to educational programs until she died in 1997.
1．What played the most important role in Chien-Shiung Wu’s early education?
A．Her father’s school. B．Her family culture.
C．Her personal intelligence. D．Her parents’ preference for her.
2．Why did Wu change her major in Nanjing University?
A．She desired to learn from a great.
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司B．She wanted to develop her strength.
C．She wanted to receive more honors.
D．She was tired of studying mathematics.
3．What can be inferred from Wu at an MIT conference?
A．She argued for female rights. B．She had no desire for Nobel prize.
C．She called on women to study physics. D．She showed respect for people’s preferences.
4．What type of passage is it?
A．An exposition B．A news report C．An argumentation D．A narrative writing
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美籍华裔核物理学家吴建雄。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Education was important to the Wu family, which influenced young Wu the
most. Her mother, a teacher, and her father, an engineer, encouraged her to pursue science and mathematics from an
early age. (吴建雄家庭重视教育，对年轻的吴建雄影响最大。她的母亲是一名教师，父亲是一名工程师，
从小就鼓励她追求科学和数学。)”可知，在吴建雄的早期教育中，她的家庭文化起着最重要的作用。故选
B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段的“In 1930, Wu entered Nanjing University, where she first pursued mathematics
but quickly switched her major to physics, inspired by a famous female scientist, Marie Curie. (1930年，吴建雄
进入南京大学学习数学，但受著名女科学家玛丽·居里的启发，她很快转到物理专业。)”可知，吴建雄在南
京大学转专业，因为她想向一位伟大的化学家学习。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段的“She is best known for conducting the Wu experiment, the discovery of which
resulted in her colleagues Tsung-Dao Lee and Chen-Ning Yang winning the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics, while Wu
was not included. Wu was aware of the injustice and at an MIT conference in October of 1964, she stated “I
wonder whether the physics symbols have any preference for either male or female treatment.”(她最出名的是进行
钨实验，这一发现使她的同事李宗道和陈宁阳获得了1957年的诺贝尔物理学奖，而吴没有被包括在内。吴
建雄意识到了这种不公平，在1964年10月的一次麻省理工学院会议上，她说：“我想知道物理符号是否
对男性或女性有所偏爱。”)”可知，吴建雄虽然作出了贡献却没有得到奖励，因此她要为女性争取权利。
故选A。
4．推理判断题。通读全文并根据第一段的“Chien-Shiung Wu was a Chinese-American nuclear physicist who
has been recognized as “the First Lady of Physics” and “Queen of Nuclear Research”. Her research contributions
include work on the Manhattan Project and the Wu experiment.(吴健雄是美籍华裔核物理学家，被公认为“物
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司理学第一夫人”和“核研究女王”。她的研究贡献包括曼哈顿计划和钨实验。)”可知，文章主要介绍了美
籍华裔核物理学家吴建雄的科学研究成就，因此这是一篇介绍科学领域著名人物的说明文。故选A。
（23-24高二上·浙江绍兴·期末）Scientists at the University of Massachusetts have invented a new way to
produce electricity. Their method uses super-tiny holes to make electricity from moisture (水分) in the air. The
scientists hope the method will one day lead to cheap, clean electricity anywhere at any time.
Moisture in the air is what helps create electricity. Water droplets in the air carry an electric charge. In clouds,
these water droplets build up large charges, which we later see as lightning. One of the researchers, Jun Yao, described
the new invention as a “small-scale, man-made cloud”. Since the new device generates electricity from the air, the
scientists call it “Air-gen”.
Currently, the device only makes a small amount of electricity—enough to power a small sensor. But in the lab
tests, the Air-gen, which is a little bigger than a fingernail, produced that electricity all day and all night for a week,
powered by nothing but the air.
The scientists have tried to make electricity from humidity (湿度) before, but those methods didn’t work for
long, or were expensive to make. But in 2020, Dr Yao and his team found a way of getting electricity from humidity
using special “nanowires” made from bacteria (细菌). In time, that research led the scientists to the key discovery of
the Air-gen: almost any material can create electricity in this way as long as it has nanopores(纳米孔)of the right
size. This is important because it means in the future, the devices can be made very cheaply. The researchers are
hopeful that the Air-gen will become an important green energy source.
Many scientists are impressed with the idea behind the Air-gen. But some have suggested that it might be hard
for the Air-gen to create enough electricity to really make a difference—especially compared to power sources like
solar energy. But Dr Yao and his team are working on ways to make the Air-gen technology more powerful. Because
the device is so thin, the scientists believe that many Air-gen layers (层) could be stacked (堆放) on top of each other
to create more electricity without taking up more space.
1．Why can moisture in the air be used to produce electricity?
A．It varies in state. B．It carries charge.
C．It has tiny holes. D．It traps lightning.
2．What is the current disadvantage of the Air-gen?
A．The insufficient amount of electricity. B．The small size of the devices.
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司C．Its inability to work at low expenses. D．The lack of alternative material.
3．What is Dr Yao and his team’s attitude to the Air-gen technology?
A．Uncertain. B．Optimistic. C．Disapproving. D．Critical.
4．What is the most suitable title for the passage?
A．Will the Air-gen take off in time? B．Creating electricity from the air
C．Is air going to be a money-maker? D．Inventing green devices for air
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了科学家发明了一种新的方法——利用空气中的湿气发电。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Moisture in the air is what helps create electricity. Water droplets in the air carry
an electric charge.(空气中的水分有助于发电。空气中的水滴带有电荷)”可知，空气中的水分可以用来发电是
因为它携带电荷。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But some have suggested that it might be hard for the Air-gen to create enough
electricity to really make a difference—especially compared to power sources like solar energy.(但是有些人认为，
Air-gen可能很难产生足够的电力来真正发挥作用，尤其是与太阳能等能源相比)”可知，Air-gen目前的缺点
是电量不足。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Many scientists are impressed with the idea behind the Air-gen. But some have
suggested that it might be hard for the Air-gen to create enough electricity to really make a difference—especially
compared to power sources like solar energy. But Dr Yao and his team are working on ways to make the Air-gen
technology more powerful.(许多科学家对Air-gen背后的想法印象深刻。但是有些人认为，Air-gen可能很难
产生足够的电力来真正发挥作用，尤其是与太阳能等能源相比。但是姚博士和他的团队正在研究使空气发
电技术更强大的方法)”可推知，姚博士和他的团队对Air-gen技术的态度是乐观的。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists at the University of Massachusetts Amherst have invented a new way to
make electricity. Their method uses super-tiny holes to make electricity from moisture (湿气) in the air. The
scientists hope the method will one day lead to cheap, clean electricity anywhere at any time.(马萨诸塞大学阿姆
赫斯特分校的科学家们发明了一种新的发电方法。他们的方法是利用超微小的孔从空气中的水分中发电。
科学家们希望这种方法有一天能带来随时随地廉价、清洁的电力)”结合文章主要介绍科学家发明了一种新
的方法，利用空气中的湿气发电。B选项“从空气中产生电力”最符合文章标题。故选B。
（23-24高二上·山东青岛·期末）Launched in 2004 by then-Harvard University student Mark Zuckerberg,
Facebook became the biggest social media platform in the world just five years later. It was young people who helped
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司Facebook initially shoot to success, but today’s youth think that “Facebook is for old people”, reported the Daily
Star.
In 2015, a survey found that 71 percent of teens aged 13 to 17 used Facebook. But in 2022, that number dropped
to 32 percent, reported NBC News. Alex Tani, a 25-year-old from the UK, said that when he started university in
2016, his tutors always set up student groups on Facebook to help everyone stay in touch and interact. But by the
time his younger brother went to university three years later, this wasn’t the case.
Today’s younger generation prefers to use other social platforms, such as Instagram, a photo and video-sharing
social networking service also owned by Facebook’s parent company Meta, and TikTok, owned by Chinese company
ByteDance, said NBC News. These two platforms are different from Facebook in that they are mainly image-based
and video-based, not text-based. Visual culture is a rising trend and young people have grown tired of reading people’s
remarks on Facebook, said Forbes.
Another reason for Facebook’s decline in popularity is AI. According to The Guardian, TikTok’s “most powerful
tool” is its algorithm (算法) which predicts what content you want to see. It shares related content with you from
people you may not follow based on what you’ve watched before. This saves people the effort of searching for what
they like, and so becomes an “escape for them”, said North Carolina State University.
Going forward, Facebook plans to use AI in a similar way as TikTok to show short videos and give users a better
platform to discuss video content, said Fortune Media. Only time will tell whether it can stay “young” or remain as
a platform used only by “old people”.
1．Why does the author mention Alex’s experience?
A．To compare differences between the brothers． B．To show Facebook is losing its advantage.
C．To illustrate how Facebook works. D．To emphasize the importance of Facebook.
2．What feature of social platforms attracts young people most?
A．Protecting privacy. B．Being text-based.
C．Providing visual enjoyment. D．Being abundant in remarks.
3．Which word can best describe the future of Facebook according to the author?
A．Misty. B．Predictable. C．Promising. D．Depressing.
4．What’s the best title of this passage?
A．Facebook Struggles for the Favor of the Youth B．Facebook: The Biggest Social Media Platform
C．TikTok Becomes a Favorite Online Destination D．AI: A Powerful Tool in Social Media Platforms
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了Facebook从2004年由哈佛大学生马克·扎克伯格创立，迅速成为
全球最大的社交媒体平台的发展历程以及如今面临的不受年轻人欢迎的困境。
1．推理判断题。文章第二段段首“In 2015, a survey found that 71 percent of teens aged 13 to 17 used
Facebook. But in 2022, that number dropped to 32 percent, reported NBC News. (2015年，一项调查发现，13岁
至17岁的青少年中有71%使用Facebook。但据NBC新闻报道，到2022年，这一数字降至32%。)”指出，
调查发现13岁至17岁的青少年中使用Facebook人数比例从2015年的71%下降到2022年的32%；下文
“Alex Tani, a 25-year-old from the UK, said that when he started university in 2016, his tutors always set up
student groups on Facebook to help everyone stay in touch and interact. But by the time his younger brother went
to university three years later, this wasn’t the case.(25岁的英国人Alex Tani说，当他2016年开始上大学时，
他的导师总是在Facebook上建立学生群，帮助每个人保持联系和互动。但三年后，当他的弟弟上大学时，
情况并非如此。)”中，作者运用Alex Tani的经历举例来表明Facebook正在失去其优势。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Today’s younger generation prefers to use other social platforms, such as
Instagram, a photo and video-sharing social networking service also owned by Facebook’s parent company Meta,
and TikTok, owned by Chinese company ByteDance, said NBC News. These two platforms are different from
Facebook in that they are mainly image-based and video-based, not text-based. Visual culture is a rising trend and
young people have grown tired of reading people’s remarks on Facebook, said Forbes.(据NBC新闻报道，如今的
年轻一代更喜欢使用其他社交平台，比如Facebook母公司Meta旗下的照片和视频分享社交网络服务
Instagram，以及中国字节跳动公司旗下的抖音。这两个平台与Facebook的不同之处在于，它们主要基于图
像和视频，而不是基于文本。《福布斯》称，视觉文化正呈上升趋势，年轻人已经厌倦了阅读人们在
Facebook上的评论。)”可知，年轻人已经厌倦了基于文本的评论，提供视觉享受的社交平台最吸引年轻人。
故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Going forward, Facebook plans to use AI in a similar way as TikTok to show
short videos and give users a better platform to discuss video content, said Fortune Media. Only time will tell
whether it can stay “young” or remain as a platform used only by “old people”.(财富传媒表示，未来，Facebook
计划以与TikTok类似的方式使用人工智能来展示短视频，并为用户提供一个更好的讨论视频内容的平台。
只有时间才能证明它是能保持“年轻”，还是只能作为“老年人”使用的平台。)”可知，Facebook也计划
使用人工智能来展示短视频，提供讨论视频内容的平台；对于Facebook是能保持“年轻”还是作为“老年
人”使用的平台还需要时间来证明。由此可知，作者认为Facebook的未来是未知的，模糊的。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“Going forward, Facebook plans to use AI in a similar way as
TikTok to show short videos and give users a better platform to discuss video content, said Fortune Media. Only
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司time will tell whether it can stay “young” or remain as a platform used only by “old people”.(财富传媒表示，未来，
Facebook计划以与TikTok类似的方式使用人工智能来展示短视频，并为用户提供一个更好的讨论视频内容
的平台。只有时间才能证明它是能保持‘年轻’，还是只能作为‘老年人’使用的平台。)”可知，本文主
要讲述了Facebook在年轻人中间的使用率明显下降，Facebook正努力采取措施解决该问题；A选项
“Facebook Struggles for the Favor of the Youth(Facebook努力争取年轻人的青睐)”能够概括文章主旨，是最
佳标题。故选A。
（23-24高二上·江西上饶·期末）When you hear the word “shapeshifting (变身)”, you may think of magic
in some movies and not the climate. But that’s what animals are doing to go on living in the world.
A new study shows that some animals are slowly growing larger beaks, legs and ears. In this way they can
cool themselves down more easily as the Earth gets warmer. When we talk about the climate change, we often ask
“What can humans do with this?” “How can we live in the future?” “But we should know that animals also have to
face these changes,” said Sara Ryding, from Deakin University, Australia. If animals do nothing to keep their normal
body temperature, they will die.
In one example, the beaks of some kinds of Australian parrots have grown 4 to 10 percent larger. The study
says it has a lot to do with the hotter summer over the years. There are other similar examples. Wood mice have
longer tails and bats in warm climates have bigger wings.
Although the changes are still small, they could be common as the weather becomes hotter. “Body parts like ears
may become bigger, so we might be able to see a real Dumbo (big-eared elephant from a Disney cartoon) in the near
future,” Ryding told the reporters.
1．Why do animals grow bigger body parts?
A．To become stronger. B．To enjoy a better life.
C．To find food easily. D．To keep normal body temperature.
2．How many animals are mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
3．What does the underlined word “they” refer to in the last paragraph?
A．Changes. B．Tails. C．Wings. D．Examples.
4．What does the text mainly tell us?
A．Why climate changes so much. B．When the climate starts to change.
C．How animals deal with hotter weather. D．What the weather will be like in the future.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍动物为适应环境变化进行“变身”。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“In this way they can cool themselves down more easily as the Earth gets warmer.
(这样，当地球变暖时，它们可以更容易地冷却自己)”可知，动物身体部位变得更大是为了让自己更容易保
持凉爽，以保持它们的正常体温。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“In one example, the beaks of some kinds of Australian parrots have grown 4 to 10
percent larger.(在一个例子中，某些种类的澳大利亚鹦鹉的喙长了4%到10%)”以及“Wood mice have longer
tails and bats in warm climates have bigger wings.(木鼠有更长的尾巴，温暖气候下的蝙蝠有更大的翅膀)”可知，
提到澳大利亚鹦鹉、木鼠和蝙蝠共3种。故选B。
3．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Although the changes are still small”以及后文“could be common as the
weather becomes hotter”可知尽管变化很小，但是随着天气更热变化会变得常见。故they指“changes”。故
选A。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“When you hear the word “shapeshifting (变身)”, you may think of magic in some
movies and not the climate. But that’s what animals are doing to go on living in the world.(当你听到“变身”这
个词时，你可能会想到一些电影中的魔法，而不是气候。但这就是动物们为了在这个世界上生存而做的事
情)”结合本文主要讲应对环境温度变热，动物身体出现的变化，可推断文章主要讲述动物如何应对更热的
天气。故选C。
（23-24高二上·辽宁锦州·期末）Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an
artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Then why is art still widely considered “the easy subject” at school,
insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort?
Art can connect culture with commercial products; art generates money and holds significant emotional and
cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, maybe even hotel rooms,
meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience.
What’s more, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social
bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts’ experiences through reflection and discussion, and
their expression of common values.
The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who
frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do
not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people’s well-being. The Public Health discovered
that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and
blood pressure.
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with
drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and
languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in
the arts is essential for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could
help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.
Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used across the world. Life without art would be boring, for art is a
part of what makes us human.
1．Art products differ from most other commercial products because _______.
A．their prices may climb up as time passes
B．most people purchase them for collection
C．they are more expensive and less accessible
D．they have both commercial and cultural values
2．By sharing their arts experiences, community members can ________.
A．develop a stronger tie between them
B．keep the community safe from illnesses
C．learn to appreciate their own works of art
D．offer honourable solutions to their problems
3．How does kids’ engagement with the arts benefit them?
A．It helps to make responsible people out of them.
B．It inspires their creativity in designing their future career.
C．It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth.
D．It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills.
4．What is the best title for this passage?
A．How Art Cures Our Hearts
B．How Art Benefits Communities
C．Art: A Bridge Between Cultures
D．Art: A Blessing to Humankind
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了艺术这一活动对人类的重要意义，是我们不可或缺的社会生活之一。
从赋予商品的商业价值，人类的身心健康和青少年的学术和情感发展等方面论述了艺术的重要意义。
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both
functional and beautiful.(任何公共空间都是由艺术家精心设计的，既实用又美观)”以及第二段的“Art can
connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can(艺术可以将文化与商业产品联
系起来，这是其他很多东西都做不到的)”可知，艺术产品不同于大多数其他商业产品是因为艺术作品兼具
文化价值和商业价值。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences
through reflection and discussion,, and their expression of common values through artworks in honor of events
significant to a nation's experience.(当个人通过反思和讨论分享他们的艺术经验，并通过艺术作品表达共同
的价值观，以纪念对一个国家的经验有重要意义的事件时，社会纽带就在他们之间建立起来)”可知，通过
分享经历，可以建立一种特殊的联系和纽带。故选A。
3． 细节理解题。根据第五段的“Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their
education(参与艺术的孩子在他们的教育中取得更大的成就)”以及“encouraging children to express
themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.(有助于在以后的生活
中形成健康的情感反应)”可知，艺术活动促进了孩子们的学业表现和情感成长。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for
various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.(艺术对
人类生活至关重要，世界各国都在为各种目的庆祝和使用艺术。没有艺术的生活会枯燥乏味，死气沉沉，
因为艺术是使我们成为人类的一部分)”可知，艺术是人类重要的部分，结合文章详细描述了艺术对不同的
人群的好处。所以最佳标题为“艺术：人类的福气”。故选D。
（23-24高二上·浙江宁波·期末）Released on Aug 30, a three-episode web series titled Escape From the
British Museum has gone viral online for its touching and innovative narrative (叙事). The series follows the journey
home of a Chinese jade teapot that has come to life as a girl. She runs away from the British Museum and comes
across a Chinese journalist who helps the artifact return to China. The series, created by two Chinese vloggers, aims
to raise broader awareness of Chinese artifacts that were stolen or looted (掠夺) from China and are displayed or
stored in the British Museum.
The video series echoes the Chinese people’s call for the British Museum to return these Chinese artifacts.
However, some UK media outlets said that the video series promotes nationalism (民族主义). In fact, every country
whose artifacts are displayed or stored in the British Museum wants them back. These countries, such as Greece,
Nigeria and Sudan, have already issued their demands for the return of artifacts. It’s fair enough to say these demands
are shared. They can correct centuries-old wrongs by having the UK return artifacts to their rightful homes.
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司An opinion in the UK newspaper The Telegraph said that if the British Museum gives back its collection of
artifacts, then nationalism will win over humanity’s common heritage. It also said that the artifacts were “lawfully
acquired (合法取得)” by the UK. By “lawfully acquired”, does the writer mean the artifacts were acquired with the
“help” of machine guns and warships? Or does he mean that the cultural artifacts of African, Asian and American
countries should be kept in the hands of looters, rather than in their land of origin?
1．What is the video series Escape from the British Museum mainly about?
A．Cultural artifacts looted by the UK.
B．Hidden dangers in the British Museum.
C．The arguments about the British museum.
D．The journey of a Chinese artifact coming home.
2．What does the video series aim to highlight?
A．Protests against UK’s nationalism.
B．The beauty of Chinese cultural artifacts.
C．The desire of stolen artifacts to be returned.
D．Efforts made by Chinese activists to get artifacts back.
3．What’s the author’s purpose in mentioning countries like Greece, Nigeria and Sudan?
A．To show the UK did something wrong in the past.
B．To stress China’s demands are shared by many countries.
C．To emphasize former colonized countries have grown stronger.
D．To highlight diverse artifacts are housed in the British Museum.
4．What is the author’s attitude toward the opinion in The Telegraph?
A．It’s totally unacceptable. B．It’s a little bit reasonable.
C．It lacks enough evidence. D．It shows the writer’s ignorance.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A
【导语】本文是说明文。一部名为《逃离大英博物馆》的三集网络连续剧于8月30日发布，该剧讲述了一
只中国玉茶壶以女孩的身份复活的回家之旅。这反映了中国人民强烈要求大英博物馆归还这些中国文物。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The series follows the journey home of a Chinese jade teapot that has come to
life as a girl. She runs away from the British Museum and comes across a Chinese journalist who helps the artifact
return to China. (该剧讲述了一只中国玉茶壶以女孩的身份复活的回家之旅。她逃离大英博物馆，遇到了一
名帮助这件文物返回中国的中国记者。)”可知，《逃离大英博物馆》系列视频主要讲述了一件中国文物的
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司回家之旅。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The video series echoes the Chinese people’s call for the British Museum to
return these Chinese artifacts. (这个视频系列呼应了中国人民要求大英博物馆归还这些中国文物的呼声。)”可
推知，该视频系列旨在强调中国人民渴望归还被盗文物。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In fact, every country whose artifacts are displayed or stored in the British
Museum wants them back. These countries, such as Greece, Nigeria and Sudan, have already issued their demands
for the return of artifacts. It’s fair enough to say these demands are shared. They can correct centuries-old wrongs
by having the UK return artifacts to their rightful homes. (事实上，每个在大英博物馆展示或存放文物的国家都
希望将它们归还。希腊、尼日利亚、苏丹等国家已经提出归还文物的要求。可以公平地说，这些要求是共
同的。他们可以通过让英国将文物归还给他们合法的家园来纠正几个世纪以来的错误。)”可推知，作者提
到希腊、尼日利亚和苏丹等国家的目的是强调中国的诉求是许多国家的共同诉求。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“By “lawfully acquired”, does the writer mean the artifacts were acquired
with the “help” of machine guns and warships? Or does he mean that the cultural artifacts of African, Asian and
American countries should be kept in the hands of looters, rather than in their land of origin? (作者所说的“合法
获得”是指这些文物是在机枪和军舰的“帮助”下获得的吗？或者他的意思是，非洲、亚洲和美洲国家的
文物应该留在掠夺者手中，而不是留在它们的原产地？)”可知，作者认为这些文物是在机枪和军舰的“帮
助”下获得的，是被掠夺过来的，由此可推知，作者认为《电讯报》的观点是完全不能接受的。故选A。
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司
