文档内容
LANGUAGE AROUND THE WORLD
5.1 Reading and Thinking
一、基础巩固 2.His first book to be published next month ___________ a
true story.
3. _____________ how many products we make, the center
I．单词拼写
will sell them all.
1.Over the next 40 years，the world will be adding some 3
4.In the nursing profession，women are ____________.
b_____________(十亿) people.
5.Now when people___________ England you find Wales
2.As for students like us ， we should have a good
included as well.
a___________(态度) towards failure.
6. A stone tablet, ______________ the Qing Dynasty (1644-
3.They have a support s_____________(系统) of these all
1911), has been discovered in north China's Hebei Province,
around from one base to another.
4. More than 90,000 foreign-invested companies have been
local authorities said on Friday.
7.With the development of global service trade in recent
set up in Shenzhen, one of the s____________ of China's
years, CIFTIS（服贸会） has ___________________ in the
reform and opening up.
modern world.
5.The main f__________(因素) in deciding whether or not to
8. Lamian now is ________ the noodle that helped us get rid
do so is the size of your project.
of poverty __________ the noodle that is helping us achieve
6.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two
prosperity（繁荣）.
c__________(经典的) books on painting to take home.
9. ___________________ young people have joined the
8.They have s_______(明确的) requirements of how to do
fans of Kunqu for their taste in the traditional art.
that.
10.The piano has accompanied me throughout my
9.Above the main gate was a sign written in large
___________________ in its own way. It brings so much
c___________(文字).
pleasure into my life.
10. D_________ the heavy hit of the COVID-19 pandemic on
the global economy, Shenzhen has shown strong economic
Ⅳ.完成句子
vitality（经济活力） and attracted foreign money with its 1. 无论走到哪里，他总是带着本书。
excellent business environment. __________________________，he took a book with him.
II.单句语法填空 2. 过去河上曾有座桥。
_____________________ a bridge across the river.
1.She shows little a____________(appreciate) of good music.
3. 他迅速切断了电源，阻止了一起意外事故。
2. He，as a famous c_______________(calligraphy) in our
He cut off the electricity quickly， preventing an accident .
country，has an influence on the later generations.
4._________________when I hated going to school.
3. Rural children are more energetic and they enjoy
有一段时间我讨厌去上学。
r________（run）and jumping.
15. 水果对我们的健康非常有益。(be of＋抽象名词)
4. The discovery provides an important material
Fruits are _________________.
r__________（refer） for studying the development of local
culture and education in southern Hebei V.根据课文填空
5.B_________(base) an important decision more on emotion The main reason 1. ________ China's ancient
than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later. civilization has continued all the way through into modern
6. I believe that China's success is a global success－a great times has been the Chinese writing system. At the beginning,
c_____________（civilize）that has escaped from poverty written Chinese was a picturebased language, which 2.
(and) developed advanced technologies is a great benefit for ________ (date)back several thousand years to longgu.
the world. Symbols 3. ____________ (carve)on animals bones and
7.Xu Zhen's work s__________ the fast pace and dynamic shells by ancient Chinese people. Over the years, there was 4.
（活跃的）nature of Shanghai and urban（都市的） life. ____ time when the Chinese people were divided
8.The quality of life has improved and watching films is geographically, 5. ________ (lead) to many varieties of
regarded as a good m_________(mean)of entertainment. dialects and characters. Emperor Qinshihuang united the
9.Missing the train means w________(wait) for another hour. seven major states into one unified country, making the
10.The young man m___________（major） in Chinese Chinese writing system begin to develop 6. ____ one
while he was at college. direction. It was of great 7. ________ (important)in uniting
the Chinese people and culture. People in modern times can
III.短语填空
read the classic 8. ________ (work) written by Chinese in
an increasing number of , refer to，date back to, not only… ancient 9. ________. Nowadays, Chinese calligraphy has
,
but also…,be known for，be based on, up and downs, no become an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays
matter，played an important role, be based on，in a majority a greater role in 10. ________ (globe) affairs, a large number
1.The actress _________ many excellent TV plays she starred of international students are beginning to appreciate China's
in. culture and history through this amazing language.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂二、拓展提升 4.In Paragraph 3，the example of the little boy is used to
show that .
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A. adults often learn from their young
A B. “pig” is a dirty word because pigs are dirty
Language as a System of Symbols(符号) C. words are not connected with the things they stand for
Of all systems of symbols，language is the most highly D. people sometimes have wrong ideas about how language
developed. It has been pointed out that human beings，by works
agreement，can make anything stand for anything. Human B
beings have agreed，in the course of centuries of mutual(相
How words came into being is unknown. All we assume
互的) dependency，to let the various noises that they can
is that some early men invented certain sounds，in one way
produce with their lungs，throats，tongues，teeth，and lips
or another，to express thoughts and feelings，actions and
systematically stand for certain happenings in their nervous
things，so that they could talk with each other. Later they
systems. We call that system of agreements language.
agreed upon certain signs，called letters，which could be put
There is no necessary connection between the symbol together to show those sounds，and which could be written
and that which it stands for. Just as social positions can be down. Those sounds，whether spoken or written in letters，
symbolized by feathers worn on the head，by gold on the are called words.
watch chain，or by a thousand other things according to the
culture we live in，so the fact of being hungry can be
symbolized by a thousand different noises according to the The power of words，then，lies in their associations—
culture we live in. the things they bring up to our minds. Words become filled
with meaning for us by experience；and the longer we live，
However obvious these facts may appear at first
the more certain words bring back to us the happy and sad
glance，they are actually not so obvious as they seem except
events of our past；and the more we read and learn，the
when we take special pains to think about the subject.
more the number of words that mean something to us
Symbols and the things they stand for are independent of each
increases.
other，yet we all have a way of feeling as if，and sometimes
acting as if ， there were necessary connections. For Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts
example，there are people who feel that foreign languages but also express these thoughts in words which have powerful
are unreasonable by nature；foreigners have such funny effects on our minds and feelings. This clever use of words is
names for things，and why can’t they call things by their what we call literary style(文体).Above all，the real poet is a
right names？This feeling exhibits itself most strongly in master of words. He can express his meaning in words which
those English and American tourists who seem to believe that sing like music，and which by their position and association
they can make the natives of any country understand English can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose
if they shout loud enough. Like the little boy who is reported our words carefully and use them correctly，or they will
to have said，“Pigs are called pigs because they are such make our speech silly and common.
dirty animals，” they feel that the symbol is inherently(内在 1.We learn from the text that language might have begun with
地) connected in some way with the things symbolized. .
1.Language is a highly developed system of symbols because A. expressions B. actions C. signs D. sounds
human beings . 2.What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?
A. have made use of language for centuries
A. The learning of new words.
B. use our nervous systems to support language
C. have made various noises stand for any events B. The importance of old words.
D. can make anything stand for anything by agreement
C. The relation of human experience with words.
2.What can we conclude from Paragraph 2?
D. The gradual change and development of words.
A. Different noises may mean different things.
3.In the last paragraph，what does the author suggest that we
B. Our culture determines what a symbol stands for.
should do?
C. The language we use symbolizes our social positions.
A. Use words skillfully.
D. Our social positions determine the way we are dressed.
B. Make musical speeches.
3.In Paragraph 3 the underlined phrase “take special pains”
C. Learn poems by heart.
probably means “ ”.
D. Associate with listeners.
A. try very hard
.完形填空
B. take our time
C. are very unhappy Throughout history，people have been interested in
knowing how language first began ，but no one knows
D. feel especially painful
exactly where or how this happened. 1 ，we do know a lot
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂about 2 ，the languages of today and also the languages of speaks. They feel that what the speaker says disappears
3 times. There are 4 about three thousand languages in the 57. they can follow. This frequently means that students
world today. Chinese is the language 5 the most speakers. 58. are learning to listen cannot keep up. They are so
English，Russian and Spanish are also spoken by many busy 59. (work) out the meaning of one part of what they
millions of people. 6 ，some languages in the world have hear that they miss the next part. Or they 60. (simple)
less than one hundred speakers. ignore a whole section because they fail to catch it quickly
enough. Another difficulty is that the listener is not always in
There are several important 7 of languages in the
a position to get the speaker to repeat what has been said.
world. For example，most of the languages of 8 are in one
And，of course，repeats cannot 61. (ask) for when
large family 9 the IndoEuropean language family. The
listening to the radio or watching TV.
original language of this family was spoken about 4,500
years 10 .Many of the present languages of Europe and Besides,62. (choose) of vocabulary is in the hands
India are modern 11 of the language of 4,500 years ago. of the speaker，not the listener. Very often，for people
listening to a foreign language，an unknown word can be
Languages are 12 changing. The English of today is
like a suddenly 63. (drop) stone making them stop and
very different 13 the English of 500 years ago.Over time
think about the meaning of the word，64. (cause) them
some even 14 completely. About 1,000 years ago 15 was
to miss the next part of the speech. In listening，it really is a
a little known relative of German 16 on one of the
case of “He who 65. (stop) to work out the meaning is
borders(边界) of Europe.
lost”.
If a language has 17 speakers or if it is very old，
IV. 写作
there may be 18 in the way it is spoken in different areas.
That is，the language may have several 19 .Chinese is a 假设你是李华， 你的外教Declan让你推荐一份英文报
good example of dialect differences. Chinese has been spoken 刊，供同学们阅读。 你建议订阅 “学英语”报，请你
for thousands of years by many millions of speakers. The 给Declan发一封电子邮件说明理由。
differences among the dialects of Chinese are so great that 内容包括：
speakers of Chinese from some parts of China 20 1. 与教材同步，适合中学生;2.内容丰富，开拓视野;3.
understand speakers from other parts. 提高英语水平，深受欢迎。
注意：
1.A. But B. Rather C. However D. Besides
1. 词数100左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连
2.A. English B. history C. Chinese D. languages
贯。
3.A. earlier B. latter C. modern D. hard _________________________________________________
4.A. frequently B. probably C. fluently D. gradually _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
5.A.for B. with C.in D. of
_________________________________________________
6.A. In a word B. At present
_________________________________________________
C. On the one hand D. On the other hand _________________________________________________
7.A. blocks B. accents C. families D. changes __________________________________
8.A. Europe B. Asia C. Africa D. America
诗欣赏
9.A. called B. spoken C. calling D. speaking
送友人
10.A. before B. ago C. later D. old
李白
11.A. times B. families C. forms D. members
青山横北郭，
12.A. always B. seldom C. often D. sometimes 白水绕东城。
13.A. about B. with C.in D. from 此地一为别，
孤蓬万里征。
14.A.die out B. die away C. die down D. die off
浮云游子意，
15.A. Spanish B. English C. Chinese D. Russian 落日故人情。
16.A. called B. referred C. spoken D. named 挥手自兹去，
萧萧班马鸣。
17.A.a great deal of B. a few C. a little D. a number of
FAREWELL TO A FRIEND
18.A. speakers B. differences C. identity D. changes
Translated by Xu Yuanchong
19.A. dialects B. spellings C. usages D. expressions
Green mountains bar the northern sky;
20.A. mustn’t B. may not C. won’t D. can’t White grids the eastern town.
III.短文填空 Here is the place to say goodbye;
You’ll drift like lonely thistledown.
Many English language learners believe that the With floating cloud you’ll float away;
56. (great) difficulty with listening comprehension(理解) Like parting day I’ll part from you.
is that the listener cannot control how quickly a speaker You wave your hand and go your way;
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Our steeds still neigh, “adieu,adieu!” 1.答案 D
答案 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“All we assume is
一、基础巩固 that some early men invented certain sounds，in one way or
another...”可知，sounds很可能是最初的语言雏形。
I．单词拼写
2.答案 C
1.billion 2.attitude 3.system 4.symbol 5.factor
解析 段落大意题。阅读第二段中的“The power of
6.classic 7.specific 8.means 9.characters 10.Despite
words，then，lies in their associations—the things they
II.单句语法填空 bring up to our minds.Words become filled with meaning for
1.appreciation 2.calligraphist 3. running us by experience”可知，该段主要讲了人类经历与语言的
关系。
4.reference 5.Basing 6.civilization
7.symbolizes 8.means 9.waiting
3.答案 A
10. majored 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“We should
therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them
III.短语填空
correctly，or they will make our speech silly and common.”
1.is known for 2.is based on 3.No matter4. in a majority 可知，作者建议我们应巧妙地用词。
5. refer to 6.dating back to 7.played an important role .完形填空
8.not only…but also… 9.An increasing number of
语篇解读：
10.ups and downs
本文主要介绍了语言的起源及变化。
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.Wherever/No matter where he went
1.答案 C
2.There used to 解析 语言的起源一直是人们感兴趣的事情，但是没人
确切地知道语言的起源究竟是怎样的。然而，我们还是
3.preventing an accident.
对语言有许多了解。but后不能出现逗号，因此此处用
4.There was a time when however表转折。
5.of great benefit to our health.
2.答案 D
V.根据课文填空
解析 由上下文可知，此处讲的是对语言的认识，而不
1.Why 2. dates 3.were covered 4.a 5.leading 6.in 单纯是对汉语或英语的认识。空后的“the languages of...”
7.importance 8.works 9.times 10.global 是提示。
二、拓展提升
3.答案 A
Ⅰ.阅读理解 解析 人们对现在的语言以及更早的语言有所了解。由
上下文可知此处与today对应。
语篇解读： 4.答案 B
语言作为高度发展了的符号体系，它与文化有着密切 解析 现在世界上可能有大约三千种语言。probably可
的联系。 能，符合语境。frequently频繁地；fluently流利地；
1.答案 D
gradually逐渐地。
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知选D项。
5.答案 B
2.答案 B 解析 由with引导的介词短语作定语，修饰language，表
示“汉语是使用人数最多的一种语言”。
解析 段落大意题。由第二段两次提到的“according to the
culture we live in”可知，本段在谈论我们的文化决定了某
6.答案 D
种符号代表着什么，因此B项为正确答案。 解析 上文提到汉语是使用人数最多的一种语言，接着
3.答案 A 又说英语、俄语和西班牙语也有数百万人使用，后文话
锋一转讲到，还有不到一百人使用的语言。on the other
解析 词义猜测题。根据其所在句中的“...they are actually
hand另一方面，符合语境。in a word总之；at present现
not so obvious as they seem except...”可猜测出“take special
在；on the one hand一方面。
pains”的意思是“努力尝试”。故A项正确。
7.答案 C
4.答案 D
解析 由后面的内容可知，语言有 几大语系
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者列举
(family)。“For example，most of the languages of are in
小男孩的例子是为了说明人们有时对语言是如何发挥作
one large family the IndoEuropean language family.”也是
用的产生误解。因此选项D正确。B语篇解读:
提示。block块；accent口音；change变化。
本文主要说明了语言的来历以及如何用词。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂8.答案 A 解析 考查形容词的比较等级。听力最大的困难是无法
控制说话者的语速。故答案为greatest。
解析 由后面的“IndoEuropean language family”可知，欧
洲的大多数语言都属于一个大的语系——印欧语系。 57.答案 before
9.答案 A 解析 考查连词。他们感觉还没有来得及理解，说话者
说的内容就消失了。连词before在这里表示“还没有来得
解析 过去分词called作定语，表示“被称作”。
及……就……”。
10.答案 B
58.答案 who/that
解析 由前面的was spoken可知，此处应该用与一般过去
解析 考查定语从句的引导词。根据句子结构可知，此
时连用的ago。before用于完成时的句子中。
处为定语从句，关系代词who/that指代先行词students并在
11.答案 C
从句中作主语，不能省略。
解析 现在印度与欧洲的许多语言实际上就是4 500年以 59.答案 working
前的语言的现代形式(form)。
解析 考查固定搭配。be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某
12.答案 A
事。
解析 由下文可知，语言一直都在发展变化。always与现 60.答案 simply
在进行时态连用表示“总是”。
解析 考查副词。修饰谓语动词ignore，作状语要用副词
13.答案 D simply。
解析 be different from与……不同，为固定短语。 61.答案 be asked
14.答案 A 解析 考查动词的语态。本句主语repeats与动词ask之间
解析 随着时间的推移有些语言甚至完全消失了。die out 为被动关系，所以要使用被动语态。
灭绝，消失，符合语境。die away逐渐模糊，逐渐减弱； 62.答案 choice
die down逐渐变弱，暗淡；die off相继死去。
解析 考查词形变换。在句中作主语要使用名词choice。
15.答案 B
63.答案 dropped
解析 一千年前的英语还与欧洲边界地区人们讲的德语
解析 考查非谓语动词。不认识的单词就像突然落下的
有关。
石头。此处是过去分词作前置定语。
16.答案 C
64.答案 causing
解析 表示“讲(某种语言)”用speak，此处用过去分词作定
解析 考查非谓语动词。突然出现的不认识的单词就像
语表示被动。
突然落下的石头，让人们停下来去思考单词的意思。这
17.答案 D
属于正常的、意料之中的结果，故要用现在分词作状
解析 如果讲某种语言的人多或某种语言很古老，那么 语。
不 65.答案 stops
同地区人们说话的方式就有差别。A、C两项只修饰不可 解析 考查定语从句中的主谓一致。关系代词who指代先
数名词；a few表示“几个”，意义不符。 行词He在定语从句中作主语，从句的谓语动词stop要与主
18.答案 B 语he保持一致，所以使用stops。
IV. 写作
解析 由上文可知，此处指人们说话方式的不同
(difference)。 Dear Declan,
19.答案 A There are several English papers aiming at helping us
improve our English , the best of which is Learning English.
解析 根据后一句中的dialect differences可知，一种语言
Learning English is written according to textbooks , so it
可能有几种方言。dialect方言，符合语境。
is especially fit for us students. Besides, the paper is rich in
20.答案 D contents, whose articles include stories, school life, news ,
foreign cultures, technology, environmental protection and so
解析 汉语方言的差别如此之大，以至于来自不同地区
on. It also provides plenty of necessary exercises for us to
的人都无法相互沟通。此处表示“不会，不能”，故用
strengthen our skills. With the help of the paper , we can
can’t。
greatly broaden our horizons and knowledge.
III.短文填空
I have been using the paper since I studied English. It is
very popular with us because it can help improve our English.
语篇解读：
I am looking forward to your reply.
本文主要分析了很多同学发现英语学习中听力最困难 Yours,
的具体原因。 Li Hua
56.答案 greatest
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dynasty affair specific calligraphy classic
Characters
Reference appreciation means global Russia sound beautiful
civilization carving enjoy doing symbolize basic civilized
appreciate appreciation
date back to be based on refer to a variety of major in no
matter do business neither nor communicate in see as play a role
in an increasing number of connect with according to not only
but also be known as /to/for
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