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必修 Book 1 Unit 5 Languages Around the World
A 卷·基础知识通关练
一、词汇与短语
I. 重点词汇默写
1. adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n．本地人
2. n. 态度；看法
3. prep.即使；尽管
4. n. 因素；要素
5. n. 方式；方法；途径
6. n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
7. adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n. 经典作品；名著
8. n. 公共事务；事件；关系
9. n. 地方话；方言
10. n．&vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗
11. n. 间隔；开口；差距
12. n. 舌头；语言
13. n. 词汇
14. n. 公寓套房
15. billion n.
16. bone n.
17. carve vt. & vi.
18. shell n.
19. dynasty n.
20. calligraphy n.
21. semester n.
22. gas n.
23. petrol n.
24. subway n.
25. pants n．[pl.]
II.拓展词汇变形
1. n．体系；制度；系统→ adj. 系统的→ adv.系统地
2. vi. 提到；参考；查阅vt. 查询；叫……求助于→ n. 参考
3. vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据→ adj. 以
(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→ adj. 基本的；基础的
4. n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→ vi. 不同； 变化
→ adj. 不同的；各种各样的
5. vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值→ n. 欣赏；感激；
领会；重视
6. n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待→ prep. 关于
7. adj. 全球的；全世界的→ adv.全球地；全世界地
8. adj. 特定的；明确的；具体的→ adv. 特定地；明确地；具
体地
9. adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研
究→ n. 多数；大多数
10. vt. 联系；讲述→ adj. 相关的；有联系的→
n. 关系；联系
11. n. 符号；象征→ adj. 象征的；象征性的→
vt. 象征；是……的象征
12. n. 文明；文明世界→ adj. 文明的
13. n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的→ adv. 相同地；
同样地→ n. 平等
14. n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问→ adj. 要求
高的；苛求的
15. n. 描写(文字)；形容→ vt. 描述；描写
16. vt. 联系；讲述→ adj. 相关的；有联系的→
n. 关系；联系
III.核心短语互译
1. 对……的态度
2. 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
3. 注意
4. 追溯到
5. 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
6. 因……著名
7. 被看作
8. 至关重要
9. 在……中起重要作用10. 导致
11. 观点；看法
12. 适应；习惯于
13. 与……相关；涉及；谈到
14. 放弃
15. 做某事有困难
16. 取决于；依靠；依赖
17. match...with..
18. official language
19. be connected with
20. at the beginning
21. develop into
22. global affairs
23. no matter where, who, what, etc.
24. be considered to be
25. be related to
26. fall in love with
27. fight for
28. fall silent
29. can't help but do sth.
30. bridge the gap
31. keep sth. straight in one's mind
32. give a description of sth.
IV. 根据汉语提示用本单元词汇的正确形式填空
My love for Chinese can ① (追溯到) my childhood when I visited
an exhibition about Chinese ② (文明) and Chinese calligraphy. Since
then I have been ③ (爱上) Chinese. To ④ (领会)
Chinese culture much better, I am now in China studying in Peking University and my ⑤
(专业) is Chinese literature. ⑥ (在……的开始) the first semester, it was
really a ⑦ (难事) for me to understand what the ⑧
(本地的) speakers of Chinese said. However, I would ⑨ (决不) give up
and ⑩ (看待) it as a chance to explore the writing ⑪
(系统)．
⑫ (尽管) the fact that there are ⑬ (各种各
样) dialects and ⑭ (符号) in Chinese, I have been ⑮
(努力) to learn it. ⑯ (无论如何) I come across a new character, I always
⑰ (查阅) the dictionary. (无论哪里) I go, I tryto communicate with the local Chinese people and ⑲ (谈到) them.
Gradually, the harder I work, the larger my ⑳ (词汇) will become and the
more classic works I will be equal to reading.
From my (观点), though there may be some
(浮沉) in learning a foreign language, one needs to take a positive (态
度) to it. Besides, set a (明确的) aim and work hard, and one day you
will surely make it.
二、句式与篇章
I. 教材原句补全
1. There are many reasons , but one of the＇main factors has
been the Chinese writing system.
其存续的原因有很多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。
2. That writing system in uniting the Chinese people and culture
这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
3. Even today, Chinese people live or what dialect they
speak,they can all still communicate in writing.
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写（文字）进行交
流。
4. I learnt of a language, my brain would grow.
我对一门语言了解得越多，我的大脑就发育得越好。
5. Don't you like to you if the pants look good or not?
你不喜欢让别人告诉你这些短裤是否好看吗？
II. 单句语法填空
1. That year Johnson (refer) to the earthquake as the most powerful disaster
in history.
2. They have made every effort to find out a (system) way to deal with the
problem.
3. With (refer) to your advertisement, I'm writing to acquire some
information.
4. The man you are referring to (be) a man with great determination and
wisdom.
5. Great attention must be paid to (stay) calm in an emergency.
6. There are a (vary)of books in the bookstore for us to choose from, like
history books, science books, literary books and so on.7. I am pleased with your work. This card is to show my (appreciate) and
respect.
8. I (specific) told you not to go near the water!
9. More attention should be paid to those (globe) events.
10. Calligraphy (regard) as an art form, and I really enjoy it.
11. (base) on a true story, the book has caught much attention.
12. The ancient building (date) back to the Tang Dynasty is really amazing.
13. In some countries, the color white (symbol) purity (纯洁)．
14. The outing seems to be impossible because the majority of the students
(be) against it.
15. Every possible means (try) so far, and we find only
this means is it possible to persuade him.
16. Several (factor) have led to the disaster that happened in the small village.
17. Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be (equal)
respected.
18. The scenery of the ancient town is really beyond (describe)．
19. The job is really (demand), but he manages to do it well.
20. She (struggle) to support a large family on her own last year.
21. No matter where he goes, he will buy books which are (relate) to calligraphy.
22. I am not fond of pop music, because I often have trouble (understand) the
words.
23. Our manager was very busy and didn't feel equal to (receive) visitors.
24. The policeman demanded of us (tell) him everything about the accident.
25. The closer you are, the (much) you will see.
26. Do you mind (share) your points of view with me?
27. I can't help but (finish) the book based on a true story.
28. As you get older, your attitude death changes.
29. The survivor who lives in the shelter is a native Sichuan.
30. The reason he found German so difficult is that its grammar is so confusing.
31. His efforts have played important role in the success of the project.
32. Sign language is great importance to people who are deaf.
33. It was a time I could hardly understand what the native speakers said.
34. In spite of ups downs, she never loses heart.
35. The teacher will put forward a variety of questions, depending your different
answers.
36. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate my students.
III. 句式升级1. 为了解快这个医疗问题，所有可能的方法都尝试了。
①Every possible means to solve the medical problem.
②All the possible means to solve the medical problem.
2. 这本词典对中学生很有用。
①This dictionary middle school students.(of+n.）
②This dictionary middle school students.(useful)
3. 图书管理员要求他把从图书馆借的书还回来，
①The librarian demanded that he had borrowed from
the library.
②The librarian demanded of him he had borrowed from
the library.
4. 在我看来，通过这些活动，你可以更好地了解春节。
① ，you can have a better understanding of the Spring
Festival through the activities.(point)
② ，you can have a better understanding of the Spring
Festival through the activities.(view/opinion)
③ ，you can have a better understanding of the Spring
Festival through the activities.(concerned)
5. The film is based on a true story,and it is very popular.
→ ，the film is very popular.
(分词短语作状语)
6. According to the expert,the building has a history which dates from/back to the early Tang
Dynasty.
→According to the expert,the building has a history . (分
词短语作定语)
IV. 课文缩写填空
The Chinese writing system is one of the (factor) that have helped the Chinese language
and culture survive despite many ups downs.
At the beginning, written Chinese was a picturebased language, (date) back to the use of
longgu—animal bones and shells on symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols (become) a welldeveloped writing system. Over the
years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were dividedgeographically, leading to many (vary) of dialects and characters. However, after Emperor
Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country, the Chinese writing system
began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great (important) in uniting the
Chinese people and culture.
means of written Chinese, Chinese people today are connected with those of the past. The
Chinese writing system is so important that Chinese calligraphy (regard) as an important part of
Chinese culture.Today, as China plays a greater role in (globe) affairs, an increasing number of
international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through Chinese.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
三、单元语法小练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. The reason for she changed her mind is quite clear.
2. The days they travelled together meant a lot to him.
3. The hotel in we stayed was very clean.
4. The house he lived 10 years ago has been pulled down.
5. Nobody knows the reason for she didn't attend the meeting.
6. I'll never forget the time we visited Xi'an.
7. I didn't get a pay rise, but this wasn't the reason I left.
8. We visited the car factory my uncle once worked three years ago.
9. This is the factory I visited last year.
10. The train has just left is for Shanghai.
Ⅱ.对比填空(每空一词)
1. ①This is the factory the most expensive cars are made.
②Is this the factory makes laptop computers?
2. ①The old couple will never forget the days they had a summer camp in Australia.
②The volunteers will never forget the days they spent together in Guangzhou.
3. ①Do you know the reason he didn't vote for your party?
②Do you believe the reason he gave for his spending so much money in a week?
4. ①There are two points we must stick to.
②Their relationship has reached the point they have to divorce.
5. ①Jinan is a city there are many wellknown springs.
②Jinan is a city is famous for its famous springs.
6. ①The girl lives in the house is opposite ours.②The girl lives in the house door is painted red.
③The girl lives in the house she was born and brought up.
④The girl lives in the house of the door is painted red.
Ⅲ.用适当的关系词补全下面的短文
I have a close friend is called Irene. I've known her for about 15 years now. We met at work
—she was a colleague of mine at the company I used to work, and we used to have our coffee
breaks at the same time.
We get on very well although we don't have a lot in common—we have quite different
interests. From 2010 on, during time I changed jobs, we lost touch for a couple of years. But
now we phone each other once a week, and we see each other about twice a month. We have
completely different tastes in films, and that's the only reason we sometimes argue.
