文档内容
1、
Take a very commonplace, often discussed and critical topic: Are we detecting
a greenhouse effect, and related to this, is it exacerbated by "anthropogenic
factors," i.e., human actions? Most would be inclined to give a positive answer
to both of these questions. But, if pushed, what would be the evidence, and
how well grounded would it be for such affirmations? Within scientific
communities and associated scientifically informed circles, the answers have to
be somewhat more ambiguous, particularly when rigorous questions concerning
evidence are raised. Were scientific truth to be a matter of consensus, and
some argue that scientific truth often turns out to be just that, then it is clear
that there is beginning to be a kind of majority consensus among many earth
science practitioners that the temperature of the Earth, particularly of the
oceans, is indeed rising and that this is a crucial indicator for a possible
greenhouse effect
答案：C
The answer is Cannot Say.
Non-scientific communities are not specifically addressed in the passage.
While it is stated that "Most would be inclined to give a positive answer" we
cannot draw any definitive conclusion on the proportions of the non-scientific
community in the entire population.
Note that while common sense would guide us to assume that non-scientific
people comprise the majority of the general population, in this test we cannot
rely on such knowledge
2、
Take a very commonplace, often discussed and critical topic: Are we detecting
a greenhouse effect, and related to this, is it exacerbated by "anthropogenic
factors," i.e., human actions? Most would be inclined to give a positive answer
to both of these questions. But, if pushed, what would be the evidence, and
how well grounded would it be for such affirmations? Within scientific
communities and associated scientifically informed circles, the answers have tobe somewhat more ambiguous, particularly when rigorous questions concerning
evidence are raised. Were scientific truth to be a matter of consensus, and
some argue that scientific truth often turns out to be just that, then it is clear
that there is beginning to be a kind of majority consensus among many earth
science practitioners that the temperature of the Earth, particularly of the
oceans, is indeed rising and that this is a crucial indicator for a possible
greenhouse effect
答案：C
The text presents two questions: Are we detecting a greenhouse effect; is it
exacerbated by human actions? According to the passage ”within scientific
communities… the answers (to these questions) have to be somewhat more
ambiguous, particularly when rigorous questions concerning evidence are
raised.” That being said, the passage suggests that the fact that the
temperature of the Earth, particularly of the oceans, is rising serves as crucial
evidence for a possible greenhouse effect. However, the passage does not
mention any evidence regarding the impact of human behaviour on the
greenhouse effect. Thus, the answer is Cannot Say
3、
Take a very commonplace, often discussed and critical topic: Are we detecting
a greenhouse effect, and related to this, is it exacerbated by "anthropogenic
factors," i.e., human actions? Most would be inclined to give a positive answer
to both of these questions. But, if pushed, what would be the evidence, and
how well grounded would it be for such affirmations? Within scientific
communities and associated scientifically informed circles, the answers have to
be somewhat more ambiguous, particularly when rigorous questions concerning
evidence are raised. Were scientific truth to be a matter of consensus, and
some argue that scientific truth often turns out to be just that, then it is clear
that there is beginning to be a kind of majority consensus among many earth
science practitioners that the temperature of the Earth, particularly of the
oceans, is indeed rising and that this is a crucial indicator for a possible
greenhouse effect
答案：C
Please pay close attention to the last sentence of the passage. The beginning
('Were scientific truth ...') is phrased as a hypothesis. Everything that is said in
this sentence is only hypothesised. The fact that 'there is beginning to be a kind
of majority consensus [...] that the temperature [...] is indeed rising and that
this is a crucial indicator' is not enough to conclude that it is all definitely true.
Therefore, it is not a strong enough evidence to contradict the statement. Aswe cannot contradict the statement, and as the passage does not really provide
a full definition of the greenhouse effect, the best answer is 'cannot say'.
4、
Take a very commonplace, often discussed and critical topic: Are we detecting
a greenhouse effect, and related to this, is it exacerbated by "anthropogenic
factors," i.e., human actions? Most would be inclined to give a positive answer
to both of these questions. But, if pushed, what would be the evidence, and
how well grounded would it be for such affirmations? Within scientific
communities and associated scientifically informed circles, the answers have to
be somewhat more ambiguous, particularly when rigorous questions concerning
evidence are raised. Were scientific truth to be a matter of consensus, and
some argue that scientific truth often turns out to be just that, then it is clear
that there is beginning to be a kind of majority consensus among many earth
science practitioners that the temperature of the Earth, particularly of the
oceans, is indeed rising and that this is a crucial indicator for a possible
greenhouse effect
答案：B
Focus on these sentences in the passage:
1. "... the answers have to be somewhat more ambiguous, particularly when
rigorous questions concerning evidence are raised."
2. "... it is clear that there is beginning to be a kind of majority consensus
among many earth science practitioners ..."
3. "... this is a crucial indicator for a possible greenhouse effect."
It follows that the evidence for a greenhouse effect is still ambiguous, not
everyone accepts it and those who do are not entirely sure ("possible"). We can
therefore infer that although ther
e is a growing consensus for the existence of a greenhouse effect, there is still
no unequivocal evidence.
The answer is False
5、Water occupies 71% of our planet. About 96.5% of the water found on Earth is
not readily available for human consumption, and resides in the oceans and
seas. Out of the remaining 3.5%, 1.7% can be found in groundwater, 1.7% in
glaciers and ice caps in Antarctica and Greenland and 0.001% in the air as
vapour and clouds. Water moves continually through the water cycle of
evaporation and transpiration, condensation, precipitation and runoff, usually
reaching the sea. Whereas evaporation refers to the phase shift of any liquid to
gas, transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant. Runoff is
the flow of water over the Earth's surface. It's created when too much rain falls,
and there is no more room in the soil to absorb more water. One of the reasons
seas are salty is because they contain large amounts of highly soluble salts
(such as sodium and chloride) which were washed away by runoff water on its
way to the sea
答案：C
Although the passage mentions all stages of the water cycle, it does not provide
any information in regards to the duration of each stage. As we cannot
determine whether the statement is true or not, the correct answer is cannot
say
6、
Water occupies 71% of our planet. About 96.5% of the water found on Earth is
not readily available for human consumption, and resides in the oceans and
seas. Out of the remaining 3.5%, 1.7% can be found in groundwater, 1.7% in
glaciers and ice caps in Antarctica and Greenland and 0.001% in the air as
vapour and clouds. Water moves continually through the water cycle of
evaporation and transpiration, condensation, precipitation and runoff, usually
reaching the sea. Whereas evaporation refers to the phase shift of any liquid to
gas, transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant. Runoff is
the flow of water over the Earth's surface. It's created when too much rain falls,
and there is no more room in the soil to absorb more water. One of the reasons
seas are salty is because they contain large amounts of highly soluble salts
(such as sodium and chloride) which were washed away by runoff water on its
way to the sea
答案：B
According to the first sentence, “Water occupies 71% of our planet.” The
following sentences do not describe additional parts of the planet containing
water but break down these 71% into various types. Taking into account the
ice caps water in Greenland and Antarctica does not add to the 71%. Notice
that the statement reads "over 71%" and not "71%". Therefore, the correctanswer is False
7、
Water occupies 71% of our planet. About 96.5% of the water found on Earth is
not readily available for human consumption, and resides in the oceans and
seas. Out of the remaining 3.5%, 1.7% can be found in groundwater, 1.7% in
glaciers and ice caps in Antarctica and Greenland and 0.001% in the air as
vapour and clouds. Water moves continually through the water cycle of
evaporation and transpiration, condensation, precipitation and runoff, usually
reaching the sea. Whereas evaporation refers to the phase shift of any liquid to
gas, transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant. Runoff is
the flow of water over the Earth's surface. It's created when too much rain falls,
and there is no more room in the soil to absorb more water. One of the reasons
seas are salty is because they contain large amounts of highly soluble salts
(such as sodium and chloride) which were washed away by runoff water on its
way to the sea
答案：B
The passage reads: “Whereas evaporation refers to the phase shift of any liquid
to gas, transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant.” This
is the exact opposite of the statement, which is thus false.
8、
Water occupies 71% of our planet. About 96.5% of the water found on Earth is
not readily available for human consumption, and resides in the oceans and
seas. Out of the remaining 3.5%, 1.7% can be found in groundwater, 1.7% in
glaciers and ice caps in Antarctica and Greenland and 0.001% in the air as
vapour and clouds. Water moves continually through the water cycle of
evaporation and transpiration, condensation, precipitation and runoff, usually
reaching the sea. Whereas evaporation refers to the phase shift of any liquid to
gas, transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant. Runoff is
the flow of water over the Earth's surface. It's created when too much rain falls,
and there is no more room in the soil to absorb more water. One of the reasonsseas are salty is because they contain large amounts of highly soluble salts
(such as sodium and chloride) which were washed away by runoff water on its
way to the sea
答案： A
The third sentence breaks down water into several types: “1.7% can be found
in groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers and ice caps in Antarctica and Greenland and
[...].” Glaciers and groundwater are mentioned as two separate types, each
making up 1.7% of the water on our planet. As this confirms the statement,
the correct answer is true
9、
Fiscal discipline in the United States was thrown to the winds after the
presidencies of Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, and Bill Clinton. The opening
shot was Medicare Part D-free pills for seniors. To enact it, Congress had to
abandon its 1990s rule that any bill for new spending had to provide new tax
revenues to pay for it. The bill violated the principle of "fiscal neutrality": such
programmes make people feel far wealthier than they are, leading to reductions
in saving and domestic investment. But eventually people look to the horizon
and see massive levels of public debt. Then markets get frightened and asset
prices plunge. Thanks to Bush's tax tables, a working-class couple with two
minor children would pay no federal tax at all on income up to about $30,000
and would pay 15 percent on additional income up to about $25,000. The
middle class gets off lightly too. The federal tax on $85,000 would be about
$10,000. In effect, the bottom half of America's economy appears to be using
its voting power to tax the top half
答案：A
The first $30,000 of income is not taxed, the passage above explains, and
additional income of up to about $25,000 is taxed 15%. The couple in the
statement above earns $25,000 of additional income beyond the tax-free
$30,000. 15% of $25,000 is $3,750, a calculation that is easy enough to do in
your head (10% of 25,000 plus half of that for the remaining 5%). Therefore
the answer is True
10、Fiscal discipline in the United States was thrown to the winds after the
presidencies of Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, and Bill Clinton. The opening
shot was Medicare Part D-free pills for seniors. To enact it, Congress had to
abandon its 1990s rule that any bill for new spending had to provide new tax
revenues to pay for it. The bill violated the principle of "fiscal neutrality": such
programmes make people feel far wealthier than they are, leading to reductions
in saving and domestic investment. But eventually people look to the horizon
and see massive levels of public debt. Then markets get frightened and asset
prices plunge. Thanks to Bush's tax tables, a working-class couple with two
minor children would pay no federal tax at all on income up to about $30,000
and would pay 15 percent on additional income up to about $25,000. The
middle class gets off lightly too. The federal tax on $85,000 would be about
$10,000. In effect, the bottom half of America's economy appears to be using
its voting power to tax the top half
答案：C
This question is complex. Let's break it down. What we are told above is that
Congress embraced a rule in the 1990s that all new spending had to provide
for new taxes to pay for it. Then we are told that the new Medicare bill violated
the principle of "fiscal neutrality." We are not told that Congress' aim in passing
the above rule was to adhere to the principle of "fiscal neutrality." Therefore,
the answer is Cannot say
11、
Fiscal discipline in the United States was thrown to the winds after the
presidencies of Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, and Bill Clinton. The opening
shot was Medicare Part D-free pills for seniors. To enact it, Congress had to
abandon its 1990s rule that any bill for new spending had to provide new tax
revenues to pay for it. The bill violated the principle of "fiscal neutrality": such
programmes make people feel far wealthier than they are, leading to reductions
in saving and domestic investment. But eventually people look to the horizon
and see massive levels of public debt. Then markets get frightened and asset
prices plunge. Thanks to Bush's tax tables, a working-class couple with two
minor children would pay no federal tax at all on income up to about $30,000and would pay 15 percent on additional income up to about $25,000. The
middle class gets off lightly too. The federal tax on $85,000 would be about
$10,000. In effect, the bottom half of America's economy appears to be using
its voting power to tax the top half
答案：B
According to the passage, "The middle class gets off lightly too." The word 'too'
refers to the previous sentence, where working class taxes are described, implying
both working class and middle class are in the same group (the one that gets off
lightly). It cannot be true, then, that they each belong to a different half of America's
economy. Therefore, the statement is false
12、
Fiscal discipline in the United States was thrown to the winds after the
presidencies of Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, and Bill Clinton. The opening
shot was Medicare Part D-free pills for seniors. To enact it, Congress had to
abandon its 1990s rule that any bill for new spending had to provide new tax
revenues to pay for it. The bill violated the principle of "fiscal neutrality": such
programmes make people feel far wealthier than they are, leading to reductions
in saving and domestic investment. But eventually people look to the horizon
and see massive levels of public debt. Then markets get frightened and asset
prices plunge. Thanks to Bush's tax tables, a working-class couple with two
minor children would pay no federal tax at all on income up to about $30,000
and would pay 15 percent on additional income up to about $25,000. The
middle class gets off lightly too. The federal tax on $85,000 would be about
$10,000. In effect, the bottom half of America's economy appears to be using
its voting power to tax the top half
答案：C
According to the text, Medicare Part D was “the opening shot” of fiscal discipline
being thrown to the wind and it caused congress to “abandon its 1990s rule
that any bill for new spending had to provide new tax revenues to pay for it”.
This implies that Medicare Part D did not provide any new tax revenues to pay
for itself, but bear in mind, that this is possibly not the only bill to pass at that
time, and that other bills might have proven fiscally disciplined and neutral -
which could have provided additional tax revenue. Therefore, we CANNOT SAY
13、Two studies published recently show that 13 of 16 children treated with gene
therapy – treating diseases by correcting a patient's faulty genes - for severe
combined immune deficiency, or SCID, have had their immune systems
restored. The best treatment for the disease is a bone marrow transplant from
an immunologically matched sibling. But when no matched donor is available,
unmatched donors, such as parents, are recruited; these transplants are only
around 70 percent successful. The success of gene therapy now rivals or betters
that seen in these unmatched donor situations. In 2001, a child in the trial
developed leukemia, thought to have been induced by a component in the
modified virus, or vector, the researchers used to insert the correct gene into
the boy's cells. Of the 30 children worldwide who have been treated with gene
therapy for another form of SCID, marked by a deficiency in the enzyme
adenosine deaminase (ADA), none has developed leukemia. Yet medical
researchers maintain that gene therapy is still a better alternative than the
conventional treatment for X-linked SCID in some children because 19 of the
20 children who have received gene therapy for X-linked SCID are still alive.
When told these odds, all parents of children with X-linked SCID have opted for
gene therapy
答案：A
The passage states the following:
1. "The best treatment for the disease is a bone marrow
transplant from an immunologically matched sibling,"
2. "..bone marrow transplants from unmatched donors are only
around 70 percent successful.
3. .."the success of gene therapy now rivals or betters that seen
in unmatched donor situations,"
Combining this information allows us to infer that the treatment with the same
or lowest rate of success is a bone marrow transplant from an immunologically
unmatched parent.
Therefore, the answer is True
14、Two studies published recently show that 13 of 16 children treated with gene
therapy – treating diseases by correcting a patient's faulty genes - for severe
combined immune deficiency, or SCID, have had their immune systems
restored. The best treatment for the disease is a bone marrow transplant from
an immunologically matched sibling. But when no matched donor is available,
unmatched donors, such as parents, are recruited; these transplants are only
around 70 percent successful. The success of gene therapy now rivals or betters
that seen in these unmatched donor situations. In 2001, a child in the trial
developed leukemia, thought to have been induced by a component in the
modified virus, or vector, the researchers used to insert the correct gene into
the boy's cells. Of the 30 children worldwide who have been treated with gene
therapy for another form of SCID, marked by a deficiency in the enzyme
adenosine deaminase (ADA), none has developed leukemia. Yet medical
researchers maintain that gene therapy is still a better alternative than the
conventional treatment for X-linked SCID in some children because 19 of the
20 children who have received gene therapy for X-linked SCID are still alive.
When told these odds, all parents of children with X-linked SCID have opted for
gene therapy
答案：C
The passage discusses "an immunologically matched sibling" and "unmatched
donors, such as parents." The passage however does not say whether or not
siblings are always immunologically matched. Since the reader bases their
answer solely on the information in the passage and does not rely on outside
knowledge, the correct answer is Cannot say
15、
Two studies published recently show that 13 of 16 children treated with gene
therapy – treating diseases by correcting a patient's faulty genes - for severe
combined immune deficiency, or SCID, have had their immune systems
restored. The best treatment for the disease is a bone marrow transplant from
an immunologically matched sibling. But when no matched donor is available,
unmatched donors, such as parents, are recruited; these transplants are only
around 70 percent successful. The success of gene therapy now rivals or bettersthat seen in these unmatched donor situations. In 2001, a child in the trial
developed leukemia, thought to have been induced by a component in the
modified virus, or vector, the researchers used to insert the correct gene into
the boy's cells. Of the 30 children worldwide who have been treated with gene
therapy for another form of SCID, marked by a deficiency in the enzyme
adenosine deaminase (ADA), none has developed leukemia. Yet medical
researchers maintain that gene therapy is still a better alternative than the
conventional treatment for X-linked SCID in some children because 19 of the
20 children who have received gene therapy for X-linked SCID are still alive.
When told these odds, all parents of children with X-linked SCID have opted for
gene therapy
答案：C
Examine the last sentence of the passage: "When told these odds, all parents
of children with X-linked SCID have opted for gene therapy." While we are
explicitly told that no parent vetoed gene therapy for fear of their child incurring
leukemia, it is erroneous to conclude that these parents do not worry about
their children's recovery. Therefore the answer is Cannot say
16、
Two studies published recently show that 13 of 16 children treated with gene
therapy – treating diseases by correcting a patient's faulty genes - for severe
combined immune deficiency, or SCID, have had their immune systems
restored. The best treatment for the disease is a bone marrow transplant from
an immunologically matched sibling. But when no matched donor is available,
unmatched donors, such as parents, are recruited; these transplants are only
around 70 percent successful. The success of gene therapy now rivals or betters
that seen in these unmatched donor situations. In 2001, a child in the trial
developed leukemia, thought to have been induced by a component in the
modified virus, or vector, the researchers used to insert the correct gene into
the boy's cells. Of the 30 children worldwide who have been treated with gene
therapy for another form of SCID, marked by a deficiency in the enzyme
adenosine deaminase (ADA), none has developed leukemia. Yet medical
researchers maintain that gene therapy is still a better alternative than the
conventional treatment for X-linked SCID in some children because 19 of the
20 children who have received gene therapy for X-linked SCID are still alive.
When told these odds, all parents of children with X-linked SCID have opted for
gene therapy答案：C
According to the text, gene therapy rivals or betters bone marrow transplant
from unmatched donors, while a bone marrow transplant from an
immunologically matched sibling is the best treatment.
The text does not mention how many bone marrow transplants from
immunologically matched sibling there are, compared to cases of unmatched
donors. Therefore, we cannot determine whether gene therapy is preferable in
most cases of bone marrow transplant. The answer is CANNOT SAY
17、
India’s economy grew faster than estimated last quarter, maintaining pressure
on the central bank to extend its record interest-rate increases even as the
global recovery weakens. Stocks, bond yields and the rupee advanced. Gross
domestic product rose 7.7 percent in the three months ended June 30 from a
year earlier, the Central Statistical Office said in New Delhi today. That compares
with a 7.8 percent climb in the previous three months. The median of 26
predictions in a Bloomberg News survey was for a 7.6 percent gain. India’s
consumption has “remained strong” because of higher salaries and inflation
may remain “stubborn” in the near term, the Reserve Bank of India said last
week. By contrast, growth has cooled in other Asian nations such as Taiwan,
South Korea and Malaysia as a faltering U.S. recovery and Europe’s debt crisis
curb demand for the region’s exports
答案： B
The passage says that during the last three-month period, the GDP rose by 7.7
percent; the three-month period before that by 7.8 percent; while the expert
prediction was a rise of only 7.6 percent. That means that India's gross domestic
product is higher this year than foreseen. Therefore, the answer is False
18、
India’s economy grew faster than estimated last quarter, maintaining pressure
on the central bank to extend its record interest-rate increases even as the
global recovery weakens. Stocks, bond yields and the rupee advanced. Gross
domestic product rose 7.7 percent in the three months ended June 30 from a
year earlier, the Central Statistical Office said in New Delhi today. That compareswith a 7.8 percent climb in the previous three months. The median of 26
predictions in a Bloomberg News survey was for a 7.6 percent gain. India’s
consumption has “remained strong” because of higher salaries and inflation
may remain “stubborn” in the near term, the Reserve Bank of India said last
week. By contrast, growth has cooled in other Asian nations such as Taiwan,
South Korea and Malaysia as a faltering U.S. recovery and Europe’s debt crisis
curb demand for the region’s exports
答案：C
The passage says, "The median of 26 predictions in a Bloomberg News survey
was for a 7.6 percent gain." We are also told that India's GDP rose by 7.7
percent in the past three-month period and by 7.8 percent in the preceding
three-month period. Do not be fooled by the numbers, by the fact that 7.7
minus 7.6 is "within a 0.1 percent range" as presented in the statement. Read
the statement as well as the wording of the passage very carefully. "The median
of 26 predictions" means that the 7.6 percent gain was the middle prediction,
the prediction by survey participants that was precisely midway between the
higher predictions and the lower. Now, if each and every participant in the
survey made the same prediction of a 7.6 percent gain, then the median of the
predictions would be within a 0.1 percent range. But the text does not tell us
whether or not this is the case. This does not mean, as the statement says,
that "Every participant in the Bloomberg News surveys was accurate to within
a 0.1 percent range." Therefore the correct answer is Cannot say
19、
India’s economy grew faster than estimated last quarter, maintaining pressure
on the central bank to extend its record interest-rate increases even as the
global recovery weakens. Stocks, bond yields and the rupee advanced. Gross
domestic product rose 7.7 percent in the three months ended June 30 from a
year earlier, the Central Statistical Office said in New Delhi today. That compares
with a 7.8 percent climb in the previous three months. The median of 26
predictions in a Bloomberg News survey was for a 7.6 percent gain. India’s
consumption has “remained strong” because of higher salaries and inflation
may remain “stubborn” in the near term, the Reserve Bank of India said last
week. By contrast, growth has cooled in Asian nations such as Taiwan, South
Korea and Malaysia as a faltering U.S. recovery and Europe’s debt crisis curb
demand for the region’s exports
答案：A
According to the passage: "... growth has cooled in Asian nations such asTaiwan, South Korea and Malaysia as a faltering U.S. recovery and Europe’s
debt crisis curb demand for the region’s exports." The demand for exports from
Taiwan has lessened in the U.S. and Europe, which means they are importing
not as much as they used to.
Therefore, the answer is True
20、
India’s economy grew faster than estimated last quarter, maintaining pressure
on the central bank to extend its record interest-rate increases even as the
global recovery weakens. Stocks, bond yields and the rupee advanced. Gross
domestic product rose 7.7 percent in the three months ended June 30 from a
year earlier, the Central Statistical Office said in New Delhi today. That compares
with a 7.8 percent climb in the previous three months. The median of 26
predictions in a Bloomberg News survey was for a 7.6 percent gain. India’s
consumption has “remained strong” because of higher salaries and inflation
may remain “stubborn” in the near term, the Reserve Bank of India said last
week. By contrast, growth has cooled in other Asian nations such as Taiwan,
South Korea and Malaysia as a faltering U.S. recovery and Europe’s debt crisis
curb demand for the region’s exports
答案：B
According to data presented in the text, India’s Gross domestic product (GDP)
rose 7.7 percent in three months, compared to a year before, and again rose
7.8 percent. When combined, these numbers equal 15.5. However, we cannot
simply add these numbers together, as each represents a percentage rise from
a different period, meaning that from one baseline, there was a 7.7% rise,
creating a new baseline period, from which there was a 7.8% rise.
The statement is FALSE
21、
India’s economy grew faster than estimated last quarter, maintaining pressure
on the central bank to extend its record interest-rate increases even as theglobal recovery weakens. Stocks, bond yields and the rupee advanced. Gross
domestic product rose 7.7 percent in the three months ended June 30 from a
year earlier, the Central Statistical Office said in New Delhi today. That compares
with a 7.8 percent climb in the previous three months. The median of 26
predictions in a Bloomberg News survey was for a 7.6 percent gain. India’s
consumption has “remained strong” because of higher salaries and inflation
may remain “stubborn” in the near term, the Reserve Bank of India said last
week. By contrast, growth has cooled in other Asian nations such as Taiwan,
South Korea and Malaysia as a faltering U.S. recovery and Europe’s debt crisis
curb demand for the region’s exports
答案：B
We are told that the “faltering U.S. recovery and Europe’s debt crisis” have
curbed demand for exports from other Asian countries. The word 'other'
indicates that India is also an Asian country. Since we are told that India's
economy has been growing impressively, not all Asian economies are cooling.
Therefore, the statement is False
22、
The trove of fossils at Zhucheng, China, is probably the largest single deposit
of dinosaur bones in the world. While the massive quarry has given rise to nine
new species of dinosaurs, the event that killed the species is still a mystery.
One researcher thinks a landslide ripped the dinosaurs apart and mixed up their
bones; another suspects the animals were dead and decomposing when their
skeletons were swept to this spot by a massive flood or mud flow. Discoveries
in Liaoning and Xinjiang are also helping scientists unravel the evolution of
modern-day birds, a lineage that one Chinese palaeontologist believes begins
with dinosaurs. One of his most recent discoveries, the chicken-size Xiaotingia
zhengi, is giving scientists cause to rethink the classification of the
Archaeopteryx, long considered the oldest-known bird. The Xiaotingia zhengi,
they argue, provides evidence that both species were, in fact, feathered
dinosaurs, not full-fledged birds
答案：A
The passage reads: "One researcher thinks a landslide ripped the dinosaurs
apart and mixed up their bones; another suspects the animals were dead and
decomposing when their skeletons were swept to this spot by a massive flood
or mud flow."
Both palaeontologists mention a natural catastrophe as the reason for the
appearance of bones at this location, regardless of what killed the dinosaurs.Therefore, the answer is True
23、
The trove of fossils at Zhucheng, China, is probably the largest single deposit
of dinosaur bones in the world. While the massive quarry has given rise to nine
new species of dinosaurs, the event that killed the species is still a mystery.
One researcher thinks a landslide ripped the dinosaurs apart and mixed up their
bones; another suspects the animals were dead and decomposing when their
skeletons were swept to this spot by a massive flood or mud flow. Discoveries
in Liaoning and Xinjiang are also helping scientists unravel the evolution of
modern-day birds, a lineage that one Chinese palaeontologist believes begins
with dinosaurs. One of his most recent discoveries, the chicken-size Xiaotingia
zhengi, is giving scientists cause to rethink the classification of the
Archaeopteryx, long considered the oldest-known bird. The Xiaotingia zhengi,
they argue, provides evidence that both species were, in fact, feathered
dinosaurs, not full-fledged birds
答案：B
According to the text, researchers do not believe that bird lineage should be
extended to include Xiaotingia zhengi; rather shortened in order to exclude the
Archaeopteryx, long considered the oldest-known bird. The reason for this is
that both the Xiaotingia zhengi and the Archaeopteryx are thought to be
”feathered dinosaurs, not full-fledged birds.”
Therefore, the statement is FALSE
24、
The trove of fossils at Zhucheng, China, is probably the largest single deposit
of dinosaur bones in the world. While the massive quarry has given rise to nine
new species of dinosaurs, the event that killed the species is still a mystery.
One researcher thinks a landslide ripped the dinosaurs apart and mixed up their
bones; another suspects the animals were dead and decomposing when their
skeletons were swept to this spot by a massive flood or mud flow. Discoveries
in Liaoning and Xinjiang are also helping scientists unravel the evolution of
modern-day birds, a lineage that one Chinese palaeontologist believes beginswith dinosaurs. One of his most recent discoveries, the chicken-size Xiaotingia
zhengi, is giving scientists cause to rethink the classification of the
Archaeopteryx, long considered the oldest-known bird. The Xiaotingia zhengi,
they argue, provides evidence that both species were, in fact, feathered
dinosaurs, not full-fledged birds.
答案：B
According to the passage, this is what we know:
1. Xiaotingia zhengi is a new discovery. This means that it is
being classified now for the very first time.
2. This discovery has made scientists believe both Xiaotingia
zhengi and another creature were dinosaurs.
As Xiaotingia zhengi is only now being classified, it follows that it is
considered to be a dinosaur, not at all a bird. It cannot be true, then,
that it is classified as a bird due to its size, even though it really was
relatively small.
Therefore the answer is False
25、
The trove of fossils at Zhucheng, China, is probably the largest single deposit
of dinosaur bones in the world. While the massive quarry has given rise to nine
new species of dinosaurs, the event that killed the species is still a mystery.
One researcher thinks a landslide ripped the dinosaurs apart and mixed up their
bones; another suspects the animals were dead and decomposing when their
skeletons were swept to this spot by a massive flood or mud flow. Discoveries
in Liaoning and Xinjiang are also helping scientists unravel the evolution of
modern-day birds, a lineage that one Chinese palaeontologist believes begins
with dinosaurs. One of his most recent discoveries, the chicken-size Xiaotingia
zhengi, is giving scientists cause to rethink the classification of the
Archaeopteryx, long considered the oldest-known bird. The Xiaotingia zhengi,
they argue, provides evidence that both species were, in fact, feathered
dinosaurs, not full-fledged birds
答案： C
The text states that the trove found in Zhucheng is probably the largest single
deposit of dinosaur bones in the world, while discoveries in Liaoning and Xinjiang
“are also helping scientists unravel the evolution of modern-day birds”. Thisdoes not provide any evidence that one discovery is more or less important
than the others.
The text does not provide any relative order of importance between the
discoveries, therefore we CANNOT SAY
26、
The trove of fossils at Zhucheng, China, is probably the largest single deposit
of dinosaur bones in the world. While the massive quarry has given rise to nine
new species of dinosaurs, the event that killed the species is still a mystery.
One researcher thinks a landslide ripped the dinosaurs apart and mixed up their
bones; another suspects the animals were dead and decomposing when their
skeletons were swept to this spot by a massive flood or mud flow. Discoveries
in Liaoning and Xinjiang are also helping scientists unravel the evolution of
modern-day birds, a lineage that one Chinese palaeontologist believes begins
with dinosaurs. One of his most recent discoveries, the chicken-size Xiaotingia
zhengi, is giving scientists cause to rethink the classification of the
Archaeopteryx, long considered the oldest-known bird. The Xiaotingia zhengi,
they argue, provides evidence that both species were, in fact, feathered
dinosaurs, not full-fledged birds
答案：C
According to the text, the remains of nine newly-discovered species were found
in China. However, the text does not mention where these species originated.
Therefore, we cannot say whether the statement is true or false
27、
The
ineptly titled "America Invents Act," S. 23 and H.R. 1249, currently meandering
through Congress is likely to bring woe to small inventors and startup businesses
that collectively drive the nation's economy. A key feature of the current patent
system is the incentive for inventors to disclose their invention in a patent
application in exchange for the possibility that they may achieve a patent grant
in return. The subsequent publication of the patent application serves to inform
the public about the invention, and thus enables others, including competitors,
to build upon it. However, the new law would award the patent to the first
person to file a patent application on the invention, rather than the one who isactually the first to invent. Another provision would eliminate the "grace period"
that has traditionally allowed an inventor to get his invention "off the ground"
without forgoing the opportunity to patent it.
答案：C
The text depicts the legislation as “currently meandering through the U.S.
Congress”, implying that it is a work in process and is likely to go through the
House of Representatives and Senate, where the law would be introduced as
an act with a corresponding number and possibly the initials of the
institution.
However, these inferences do not emanate from the text alone and require the
reader’s knowledge on the specific issue.
In addition, the initials presented could stand for something other than ‘Senate’
and ‘House of Representatives’, but the text does not offer enough evidence to
determine definitively.
Therefore, the answer is Cannot Say
28、
The ineptly titled "America Invents Act," S. 23 and H.R. 1249, currently
meandering through Congress is likely to bring woe to small inventors and
startup businesses that collectively drive the nation's economy. A key feature
of the current patent system is the incentive for inventors to disclose their
invention in a patent application in exchange for the possibility that they may
achieve a patent grant in return. The subsequent publication of the patent
application serves to inform the public about the invention, and thus enables
others, including competitors, to build upon it. However, the new law would
award the patent to the first person to file a patent application on the invention,
rather than the one who is actually the first to invent. Another provision would
eliminate the "grace period" that has traditionally allowed an inventor to get
his invention "off the ground" without forgoing the opportunity to patent it
答案：B
Do not be fooled into thinking that the statement is true simply because it offers
a positive reason for keeping the current patent law and the author clearly
favors the current law. The statement above, while logical, posits that the
current patent law does something that it does not.
Nowhere in the passage is the law described as enabling the inventor to "reapall the rewards." On the contrary, the inventor pays the price of disclosing every
aspect of the invention which competitors can then build on, in return for the
patent grant: "The subsequent publication of the patent application serves to
inform the public about the invention, and thus enables others, including
competitors, to build upon it."
Therefore the answer is False
29、
The ineptly titled "America Invents Act," S. 23 and H.R. 1249, currently
meandering through Congress is likely to bring woe to small inventors and
startup businesses that collectively drive the nation's economy. A key feature
of the current patent system is the incentive for inventors to disclose their
invention in a patent application in exchange for the possibility that they may
achieve a patent grant in return. The subsequent publication of the patent
application serves to inform the public about the invention, and thus enables
others, including competitors, to build upon it. However, the new law would
award the patent to the first person to file a patent application on the invention,
rather than the one who is actually the first to invent. Another provision would
eliminate the "grace period" that has traditionally allowed an inventor to get
his invention "off the ground" without forgoing the opportunity to patent it.
答案：A
The words, "Another provision would eliminate the 'grace period' that has
traditionally allowed an inventor to get his invention 'off the ground' without
forgoing the opportunity to patent it," is synonymous with the statement.
Therefore, the answer is True
30、
The ineptly titled "America Invents Act," S. 23 and H.R. 1249, currently
meandering through Congress is likely to bring woe to small inventors and
startup businesses that collectively drive the nation's economy. A key feature
of the current patent system is the incentive for inventors to disclose their
invention in a patent application in exchange for the possibility that they mayachieve a patent grant in return. The subsequent publication of the patent
application serves to inform the public about the invention, and thus enables
others, including competitors, to build upon it. However, the new law would
award the patent to the first person to file a patent application on the invention,
rather than the one who is actually the first to invent. Another provision would
eliminate the "grace period" that has traditionally allowed an inventor to get
his invention "off the ground" without forgoing the opportunity to patent it.
答案：C
While the passage explicitly claims that the "American Invents Act" will take
away inventors' incentives to file for patents and will hinder, not help,
innovativeness, nowhere does the passage discuss the U.S.'s innovative
standing in the world. Therefore, the answer is Cannot say
