专题15完形埴空(15空)（全国通用）（解析版）_高考真题分类汇编_高考英语真题分类汇编（新高考通用）五年（2021-2025）

专题 15 完形埴空(15 空) 考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势 2025全国一卷---搬家免费赠送旧物获得快乐； 考点1 记叙文之 1.主题以人与社会为主，兼 2024新课标I卷—跑步感悟目标量力而行； 人与自我 顾人与自我和人与自然”。 2022新课标I卷—短暂打工经历体会； （5年4考） 2.话题广泛，贴近学生，贴 2021新课标II卷—警察生活多样性。 近生活，贴近时代。 2025全国一卷---老奶奶坚持健身消除网路质疑； 3.熟词生义考查是完形填空 2025浙江1月卷--老师将烹饪发展为新社交平台； 备考难点和薄弱点，应加以 2024新课标II卷—定居意大利的生活; 重视，需要长期积累。 2024浙江1月卷—火车上偶遇中国男士; 4.完形填空短语考查也是不 考点2记叙文之 2024九省联考卷—加油站陌生人帮修车; 少学生的软肋，需要深入积 人与社会 2023新课标I卷—背受伤女孩到终点线; 累和查漏补缺。 （5年10考） 2023新课标II卷—飞行员接力帮陌生人送狗; 5.词语复现是完形填空一大 2023四省联考卷—父亲造成孩子学习困难; 特色，需要学会准确把握上 2022新课标I卷---野营趣事; 下文特定语境照应提升答题 能力。 2022新课标II卷—环球旅行新模式-代为看家 6.完形填空侧重通过故事传 考点2记叙文之 2025八省联考卷—海滩上鸽子帮老人捡项链； 递正能量，讴歌真善美，弘 人与自然 2023浙江1月卷—养蜂人采蜂； 扬社会主义核心价值观。 （5年2考） 2020新课标卷—小岛直树保家园。考点01 记叙文之人与自我 【2025全国一卷】 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42 we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44 with things that, while not particularly 45 , didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场). I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 46 , another asking for a price cut. As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 48 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. 49 , I posted more. My daily posts and the 50 I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51 the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52 . I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53 that share our small space. I take 54 in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55 something that couldn’t come with us. 41. A. painting over B. looking around C. emptying out D. pulling down 42. A. hotel B. office C. cottage D. apartment 43. A. store B. display C. sell D. repair 44. A. covered B. decorated C. stuffed D. equipped 45. A. conventional B. valuable C. complicated D. tolerable 46. A. fees B. photos C. receipts D. models 47. A. move B. pay C. market D. work 48. A. warning B. request C. description D. reply 49. A. Confused B. Interested C. Disappointed D. Encouraged 50. A. visits B. reports C. advice D. money 51. A. remove B. spare C. find D. check 52. A. investigated B. recognized C. encountered D. recommended 53. A. giveaways B. posts C. contributions D. belongings 54. A. joy B. part C. care D. time 55. A. anticipating B. appreciating C. delivering D. withdrawing 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。 41. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和丈夫刚刚卖掉了我们的房子，我们正忙着清空我们一家人花了23年时 间建造的心爱的房子。A. painting over 粉刷覆盖；B. looking around 环顾四周；C. emptying out 清空；D. pulling down 拆除。根据上文“My husband and I had just sold our house”和下文“the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up”可推知，此处指作者卖掉了房子，忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的 东西。故选C。 42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东 西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. hotel 酒店；B. office 办公室；C. cottage 小屋； D. apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment today”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了 公寓。故选D。 43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西， 并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. store 储存；B. display 展示；C. sell 出售；D. repair 修理。根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“our supposedly important objects”可推知，此处指租地方是为 了存放重要物品。故选A。 44. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填 埋场的东西。A. covered 覆盖的；B. decorated 装饰的；C. stuffed 塞满的；D. equipped 配备的。根据上 文“rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects”以及下文“with things”可推知，此处 指房子里仍塞满物品。故选C。 45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填 埋场的东西。A. conventional 传统的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. complicated 复杂的；D. tolerable 可容 忍的。根据上文“while not particularly”以及下文“didn’t belong in a landfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但 不应丢弃的物品。故选B。 46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A. fees 费用； B. photos 照片；C. receipts 收据；D. models 模型。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase”及 “additional”可推知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。 47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着搬家日的临近，我确定了一个新的价格（0美元）并重新发布了它。 A. move 搬家；B. pay 支付；C. market 市场；D. work 工作。根据前文搬家背景及下文“day drew near”可推知，此处指搬家日临近。故选A。 48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：描述：“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”A. warning 警告；B. request 请 求；C. description 描述；D. reply 回复。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online”以及 下文“I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.”可推知，此处指是重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。 49. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：受到鼓励，我发布了更多。A. Confused 困惑的；B. Interested 感兴趣 的；C. Disappointed 失望的；D. Encouraged 受鼓励的。根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.”以及作者后文持续发帖的行为，可推知，此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选 D。 50. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天收到的帖子和来我家里的拜访，在我混乱的房子里变成了一束珍贵 的光芒。A. visits 拜访；B. reports 报告；C. advice 建议；D. money 钱。根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my house”以及“My daily posts”和后文的互动，可推知，此处指去作者家里拜访。故选 A。 51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可能不会遇到的人。A. remove 移除；B. spare 省得；免去；C. find 发现；D. check 检查。根据上文语 境以及下文“the landfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处 spare引申 为“免去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本 可能不会遇到的人。A. investigated 调查；B. recognized 认出；C. encountered 遇见；D. recommended 推荐。根据上文“another person I might not otherwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人 感到高兴。故选C。 53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A. giveaways 赠品；B. posts 帖子；C. contributions 贡献；D. belongings 所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“I sit in my apartment today”以及下文“share our small space”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。 54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西， 我感到很快乐。A. joy 快乐；B. part 部分；C. care 关心；D. time 时间。结合语境，再根据上文“loving each of the 43 that share our small space.”以及下文“in knowing that, somewhere nearby”可推知，此 处指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。 55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我 感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待；B. appreciating 欣赏；C. delivering 递送；D. withdrawing 撤回。根 据上文“I take 43 in knowing that, somewhere nearby”以及下文“something that couldn’t come with us”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。 【2025全国二卷】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a 42 call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43 led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44 . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45 lifestyle, before discovering a 46 for weightlifting. Since setting out on the journey, the 47 lover has not only managed to 48 an impressive set of muscles — but also a huge following on social media. The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look this good. She said it was all down to some key aspects. “Hold on: Consider failure as a 50 to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said. “ 51 others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52 .” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the 53 is to feel good, not look good.” Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the 54 wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 55 or many social media users. 41. A. write B. travel C. exercise D. recover42. A. goodwill B. timeout C. long-distance D. wake-up 43. A. normally B. ultimately C. suddenly D. automatically 44. A. change B. fortune C. wish D. deal 45. A. risky B. traditional C. comfortable D. healthy 46. A. demand B. secret C. passion D. cure 47. A. peace B. fitness C. fun D. nature 48. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax 49. A. need B. choice C. reason D. difference 50. A. green light B. road block C. passing mark D. stepping stone 51. A. Help B. Consult C. Follow D. Forgive 52. A. accepted B. shared C. expected D. celebrated 53. A. goal B. case C. duty D. cost 54. A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters 55. A. authority B. excuse C. inspiration D. option 【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位 65岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活， 消除网络质疑的故事。 41..考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. write写作；B. travel 旅行；C. exercise 锻炼；D. recover 康复。根据下文的“Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. goodwill善意、友 好；B. timeout 超时；C. long-distance 长途；D. wake-up 唤醒。结合语境，再根据后文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可推知，此处指这是一次“警醒”老奶奶的经历。故选 D。 43.考查副词词义辨析。句意：她一直在与饮食失调和健康问题作斗争，最终导致她接受了手术。A. normally通常；B. ultimately最终；C. suddenly突然；D. automatically自动地。根据上文“She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues”以及下文“led her to getting surgery”可推知，此处指健 康问题最终导致手术。故选B。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那次经历之后，她知道她需要做出改变。A. change改变；B. fortune幸运； C. wish愿望；D. deal交易。根据上文“led her to getting surgery”及后文“turn her life around”可推知， 此处指她经历过手术后领悟到了自己需要改变。故选A。 45.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后 她发现了对举重的热爱。A. risky有风险的；B. traditional传统的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. healthy健 康的。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out”可推知，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D。 46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她 发现了对举重的热爱。A. demand要求；B. secret秘密；C. passion激情，热情；D. cure疗法、药物。根据上文“Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 4 5 lifestyle”以及下文的“for weightlifting”可推知，此处指她积极锻炼身体，对举重产生了热情，a passion for sth.意为“对某事充满热 情”。故选C。 47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在 社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. peace和平；B. fitness健身；C. fun乐趣；D. nature自然。根据下文 “workout content”可推知，此处指她是健身爱好者。故选B。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在 社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grow形成，产生；B. control控制；C. activate激活；D. relax放松。 根据下文“an impressive set of muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。 49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理由不能看起来 这么好。A. need需要；B. choice选择；C. reason理由；D. difference差异。根据上文“no”以及下文 “others can’t look this good”可推知，此处指她认为自己可以做到，没有理由别人不能做到。故选C。 50.考查名词短语辨析。句意：坚持下去：把失败当作通往成功的垫脚石，永不放弃。A. green light绿灯； B. road block路障；C. passing mark通过标志；D. stepping stone踏脚石。结合语境，再根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 4 9 others can’t look this good.”和“failure as a”以及下文“to success”可推知，此处指失败是成功的垫脚石。故选D。 51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人：在你的旅程中激励他人。A. Help帮助；B. Consult咨询；C. Follow遵循；D. Forgive原谅。根据下文“Lift others up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享成功更甜蜜。A. accepted接受；B. shared共享；C. expected期待；D. celebrated庆祝。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no 49 others can’t look this good.”可知，这位受人喜爱的奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理 由不能看起来这么好，由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。 53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她此前曾解释道：“你无需拥有完美身材才能锻炼……锻炼的目标是让自己 感觉良好，而非看起来好看。”A. goal目标；B. case案例；C. duty责任；D. cost成本。根据上文“you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise”以及下文“is to feel good, not look good.”可推知，此处指 运动的目标是感觉良好。故选A。 54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明 了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. instructors讲师；B. admirers管理员；C. beginners初学者；D. doubters持怀疑态度的人。根据上文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the”以及下文“wrong in the best possible way”可推知，此处指 Donohue女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D。 55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑，但她以最好的方式证明 了怀疑者的错误，确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. authority权威；B. excuse借口；C. inspiration灵感；D. option选项。根据语境以及下文“or many social media users”可知，一位65岁的老 奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，这对其他人来说就是励志的典范，由此可知，此处指她成为许 多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。故选C。【2024新课标I卷】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I’ve been motivated – and demotivated – by other folks’ achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 42 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run – 15 miles. To be honest, I 44 it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride. The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 53 . I’ve 54 a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever 55 I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 47. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with 48. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved 49. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked 50. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice 51. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges 52. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped 53. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing 54. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried 55. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。它详细叙述了作者在不同阶段对不同运动（跑步和骑自行车）的兴趣和经历， 并通过这些经历反映了作者的成长和心理变化。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held 抓住；C. won赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一 个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。 42.考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. proudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了 动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。 43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指 的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文 “referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。 故选D项。 44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女 孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。 45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再 跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. contribution贡献； D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选 B项。 46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再 跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reason理由。根据 后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会 再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。 47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我开始骑自行车。A. gave up放弃；B. went on继续；C. turned to转向； D. dealt with处理。根据前文“I decided that the only6I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者决定放弃跑步，所以此处应是转向骑自行车。故选C项。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我梦想着参加自行车比赛，直到我飞到圣地亚哥去看我妹妹。A. heard听到； B. dreamed梦想；C. complained抱怨；D. approved批准。根据后文“of entering cycle races”结合选项可 知，此处应是作者梦想着参加自行车比赛，符合语境。故选B项。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天她上班的时候，我借了她的自行车去兜风。A. painted把……描绘成； B. borrowed借；C. bought买；D. parked停(车)。根据前文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”以及后 文“went for a ride”可知，作者去看妹妹，所以要去骑行的话，应是向妹妹借自行车。故选B项。 50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：那里的道路穿过很大的山谷，我一次要骑上坡好几英里。A. problem问题；B. secret秘密；C. principle原则；D. advice建议。根据后文“I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 .”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说，是一个问题。故选A 项。 51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过这样的挑战。A. dangers 危险；B. events 事件；C. opponents对手；D. challenges挑战。根据前文“The 50 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者要骑上坡好几英里，这对他来说是一个挑战。故 选D项。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：。那天，我被大约100个习惯了这种道路的“当地”骑自行车的人超过了。A. passed超过；B. convinced说服；C. admired欣赏；D. stopped阻止。根据前文“I’d never faced such 51 .”可知，作者骑上坡好几英里是个挑战，所以是被很多人超过。故选A项。 53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家，突然骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。A. reliable可信赖的； B. convenient方便的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据前文“That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，作者那天骑行被100多人超过，所以此时是 觉得骑自行车似乎不那么吸引人了。故选D项。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟； C. missed思念；D. worried担心。根据后文“I’ve come to accept that whatever 5 5 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。故选B项。 55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是 我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. goals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，符合 语境。故选C项。 【2022新课标I卷】 My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41 little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its 42 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 43 help during our spring break, for which I had no 44 beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d 45 minimum wage. I’d see how a factory 46 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 47 . Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt. This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d 52 . Dad 53 . The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me. 41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved 42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens 43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary 44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies 45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest 46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived 47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation 48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices 49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove 50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on 52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered 53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused 54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering 55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在一次春假时，作者去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工 作不仅能让孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包 店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered命令；C. made制作；D. reserved预定。 根据下文“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知，这家面包店是制作兔子蛋糕的。故选 C。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包 店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭；C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。 根据下文“throughout Cleveland”以及常识可知，此处表示这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作兔子蛋糕 故选A。 43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最 喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的；B. financial金融的；C. technical技术的；D. temporary 暂时的。根据下文“during our spring break”可知，这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，这段时间我除了听我最喜 欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口；D. hobbies爱好。根据下文 “beyond listening to my favorite records”可知，此处表示作者没有其他计划。故选A。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会挣最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得；C. set放置；D. suggest建议。 根据下文“minimum wage”可知，作者会挣最低工资。故选B。 46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会看到工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed 发展；D. survived幸存。根据上文“I’d see how a factory”可知，此处表示作者可以看到工厂是如何运作 的。故选A。 47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到 了他们的允许。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历；D. invitation邀请。根据上文 “My parents thought all of this was a grand idea”可知，作者的父母认为这个主意很好，所以他们打电话 给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的允许。故选B。 48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。A. joys欢乐；B. ideas观点；C. roles任务；D. choices选择。根据下文“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示作者在工厂的任务。故选C。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止； D. Remove移动。根据下文“bunny from the belt.”可知，此处表示把兔子蛋糕从传送带上拿下来。故选D。 50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的；C. longer更长 的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据下文“ 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，这项工作比听起来更难。 故选A。 51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来；B. Slow down慢一点； C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据下文“and the cakes pile up”以及常识可知，速度慢一点， 传送带上的蛋糕就会堆积起来。故选B。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一晚的晚餐时告诉父母的那样，压力比我预想的要大一点。A. indicated表明；B. witnessed目击；C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据上文“This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知，工作的实际情况比作者预料的压力更大。故选 C。 53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭；B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫；D. refused拒绝。 根据下文“This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”可知，作者的父亲看到作者在挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，父亲笑了。故选 B。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送食物。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering递送。根据上文“The son of a grocer”可知， 作为一个杂货商的儿子，作者的父亲夏天会去送食物。故选D。 55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。 A. withdraw 撤退；B. donate 捐赠；C. receive 收到；D. appreciate 感激。根据下文“the dollars you earned”以及常识可知，此处表示感激自己劳动所得的报酬。故选D。 【2021新课标II卷】 Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, and has even learned to 41 different dialects（方言），leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor". The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a 4 2 However, he is more devoted to his “ 4 3 "than any real actor. In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the 4 4 ，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and 4 5 the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the 4 6 of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the 4 7 of the beggars. “I often 4 8 them to drink alcohol. Once they were 4 9 ,they began to talk a lot," Wang said. “I'd then 50 myself to use the toilet, 51 what the beggars said, and send the 52 to my teammates.” Wang，who is often in 53 situations, is also a judo （柔道） master. “As long as I get close enough, no criminal can 54 from me," he said. Wang's 55 won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit. Paris. 41. A. teach B. compare C. assess D. speak42. A. lawyer B. doctor C. policeman D. businessman 43. A. role B. study C. family D. audience 44. A. minor B. case C. future D. question 45. A. interviewed B. joined C. arrested D. assisted 46. A. challenge B. experience C. appearance D. freedom 47. A. vote B. sympathy C. permission D. trust 48. A. invited B. forced C. helped D. expected 49. A. drunk B. deserted C. bored D. lost 50. A. guide B. persuade C. excuse D. allow 51. A. refer to B. note down C. ask about D. miss out 52. A. plan B. agreement C. direction D. information 53. A. awkward B. dangerous C. unfortunate D. strange 54. A. separate B. recover C. escape D. hear 55. A. courage B. honesty C. kindness D. optimism 【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. A 【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了警察王先生在过去的58年里，多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言， 不顾危险混入犯罪团伙，成功破案的故事。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的58年里，王先生多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，这让 他被称为“奥斯卡获奖演员”。A. teach 教授；B. compare 比较；C. assess评估； D. speak讲话 。根据 “Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times”可知，能扮成别人，还会讲不同的方言。故填 D。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位60岁的老人不是演员，而是警察 。A. lawyer 律师；B. doctor医生； C. policeman 警察；D. businessman 商人。根据“To look into the ____44____，Wang disguised（伪装） himself”以及“including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit.Paris.”可知，王先生 是一名警察。故填C。 43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他比任何真正的演员都更专注于他的“角色”。A. role 角色；B. study学习； C. family 家庭；D. audience观众 。根据“than any real actor.”可知，王投身于演员的角色 中。故填A。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A. minor 未成年人，辅修； B. case 情况,案件；C. future 未来；D. question问题。根据“In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. ”可知，这是一起犯罪案件。故填B。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A. interviewed采访； B. joined 加入；C. arrested 逮捕；D. assisted协助。根据“To look into the”可知，他混入乞丐中。故填B。 46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很 快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A. challenge 挑战；B. experience 经历；C. appearance出现，外表； D. freedom自由。根据“ Dirty shorts and old shoes”可知，这是描述外表。故填C。 47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他看起来像一个真正的乞丐，他那令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。A. vote 投票；B. sympathy 同情；C. permission 批准；D. trust 信任。根据“ his convincing dialect soon won him the”可知，他的方言讲得好，赢得乞丐们信任。故填D。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A. invited 邀请；B. forced 强迫；C. helped 帮助；D. expected期待。根据“them to drink alcohol”可知，为 了套话，王先生请他们喝酒。故填A。 49.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我经常邀请他们喝酒。一旦他们喝醉了，他们就开始说很多话。A. drunk喝醉的； B. deserted抛弃的； C. bored 无聊的；D. lost失去的 。根据“them to drink alcohol”可 知，话多是在喝醉后。故填A。 50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。 A. guide 引导；B. persuade劝说； C. excuse 找借口；D. allow允许 。根据“and send the to my teammates.”可知，为了发送出信息，王借口去厕所。故填C。 51.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队 友。A. refer to 指的是；B. note down作记录; C. ask about 询问；D. miss out 错过，遗漏。根据“what the beggars said, ”可知，王把乞丐醉后真言记下来。故填B。 52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我会借口自己去厕所，记下乞丐说了什么，然后把信息发给我的队友。 A. plan 计划；B. agreement 同意；C. direction 指导；D. information 信息。根据“what the beggars said, ”可知，这是重要信息。故填D。 53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：王是经常在危险的情况下,也是一个柔道大师。A. awkward 尴尬的；B. dangerous危险的； C. unfortunate 不幸的；D. strange奇怪的 。根据“ no criminal can _______ from me,"”可知，经常处于犯罪分子中，这是很危险的情况。故填B。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只要我离得够近，任何罪犯都逃不掉，”他说。A. separate 分离；B. recover恢复； C. escape 逃避；D. hear 听到。根据“ is also a judo （柔道） master. ”可知，身为柔道 大师，他不放过罪犯。故填C。 55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：王的勇气为他赢得了许多荣誉，包括一枚全国五一劳动奖章和11项嘉奖。 A. courage 勇气；B. honesty 诚实；C. kindness 善良；D. optimism 乐观。根据“Wang disguised（伪 装）himself”可知，王乔装打扮混入罪犯团伙，勇气可嘉。故填A。 考点2 记叙文之人与社会 【2025浙江1月卷】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s 41 . A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 4 2 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 4 3 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties. Ribeiro 4 4 €35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 4 5 her hobby of buying food, 4 6 new recipes and holding dinner parties.“It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 4 7 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 4 8 her native home; other times she 4 9 dinner courses with her favorite beers. The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 50 to a restaurant where the service is 5 1 , the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 5 2 . “But it’s also a great 5 3 , for it can sometimes take days to 5 4 a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 55 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.” 41. A. reading B. traveling C. cooking D. teaching 42. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money 43. A. coworkers B. students C. relatives D. strangers 44. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises 45. A. pursuing B. choosing C. discussing D. changing 46. A. passing on B. trying out C. going over D. taking down 47. A. hire B. help C. meet D. train 48. A. in addition to B. in return for C. in honor of D. in line with 49. A. replaces B. tastes C. orders D. pairs 50. A. opposed B. related C. subject D. vital 51. A. invaluable B. impersonal C. unsuitable D. unprofessional 52. A. surprise B. end C. need D. problem 53. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge 54. A. celebrate B. record C. attend D. organise 55. A. selected B. reserved C. evaluated D. requested 【导读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位巴西裔老师利用社交平台，将其烹饪爱好变成一种新型社交 模式的故事。 【解析】 41. C。根据下文的 a three-course meal、her hobby of buying food、new recipes、share my passion for food等信息可知，首句中提到的healthy addiction指的是烹饪（cooking）。 42. A。根据第二段的关键词hobby of buying food、recipes and holding dinner parties可知，这位30岁 的女教师决定好好利用她的业余爱好（hobby）。 43. D。根据第三段的It’s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to ... new people 可推知，每 周到Ribeiro 家里参加宴会的人都是不认识的人，故strangers 符合语境。 44. B。Bookalokal 是一个可以预订由当地居民主办的私人餐宴的网络平台，且根据第一段的twicea week for dinner parties、本段中的buying food 和第三段中的new people可知，Ribeiro 每周要为这些新人购 买食材、做饭、举办宴会，这些都是需要耗费时间、精力、金钱的，所以Ribeiro 会向这些来用餐的人收 费（charges）。45. A。下文提到的buying food、holding dinner parties 都是Ribeiro 追求（pursuing）自己烹饪爱好的体 现。 46. B。根据下文的Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes ... other times she ... dinner courses with her favorite beers. 以及... realise her dream with a great deal of freedom、discover new experiences 等 信息可推断，Ribeiro烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间，她会试做（trying out）新的食谱。 47. C。根据第一段的She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes ... into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties. 可知，Ribeiro通过在网站注册，可以在家举办宴会活动，结识（meet）新 人。 48. C。根据空白处前后的she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 和her native home 的语境可推知， Ribeiro 做传统巴西菜肴是为了纪念（in honor of）自己的家乡。 49. D。根据she ... dinner courseswith ...beers结构可知，她是给晚餐配（pairs）上佳酿，而非用酒替代晚 餐的菜肴。 50. A。根据空白处前的The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom 可知，Ribeiro烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间，再联系下文介绍的餐馆的情况可推知，此处是说Ribeiro在 家准备宴席不同于（opposed）餐馆。 51. B。空白处是在描述餐馆服务的特点，上文说Ribeiro 在家准备宴席时可以自由发挥，相比之下，餐馆 服务则显得缺乏人情味儿（impersonal）。 52. A。根据上文的the menu is known in advance 可推知，餐馆的菜品没有新意，surprise符合语境。 53. D。第三段和第四段都在说Ribeiro在家举办宴会活动的好的一面，根据空白处前的But 可知，本句语 意有转折，再根据后面介绍的原因for it can sometimes take days to ... a single event可知，有时要花数天时 间，可见此事也是一项挑战（challenge）。 54. D。根据上文的it can sometimes take days 和下文的a single event 可推知，这里是说Ribeiro在家筹备 （organise）宴会活动有时候要花数天时间。 55. B。根据本句中的not only... for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences. 可知，这个平台也适用于那些乐意发现新体验的人，并非只为了专业厨师保留，reserved 符合语境。 【2024新课标II卷】 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to 41 , Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I 42 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to 43 a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 44 my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language 45 . After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how 46 Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 47 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small 48 of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my 49 quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional 50 , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation toanother. Families 51 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 52 . These meals are always 53 by laughter and joy. Whatever 54 life in Italy might have, the problems are 55 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 41. A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle 42. A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened 43. A. string B. hang C. mix D. match 44. A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised 45. A. course B. barrier C. area D. test 46. A. open-minded B. strong-willed C. warm-hearted D. well-informed 47. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order 48. A. tricks B. promises C. acts D. duties 49. A. ambition B. success C. appetite D. growth 50. A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale 51. A. gather B. cheer C. leave D. wait 52. A. put up with B. stand up for C. come up with D. make up for 53. A. signaled B. confirmed C. represented D. accompanied 54. A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities 55. A. created B. forgotten C. understood D. identified 【答案】41. D 44. B 45. A 44. D 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。 41.考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢 家。A. study 学习；B. rent 租金；C. visit 游览；D. settle 定居。根据下文“After I made Italy my permanent home”以及“make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选 D。 42.考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A. planned计划；B. struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C. refused拒绝；D. happened出现、发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。 43.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。 A. string串起、连成一串；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。 44.考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。 A. improved改进；B. assessed评估；C. admired钦佩；D. praised赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。 故选D。 45.考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程；B. barrier障碍；C. area 区域；D. test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragementhelped me”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。 46.考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A. open-minded思想开明的；B. strong-willed思想坚定的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. well-informed见多 识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door”和“close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。 47.考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车 窗。A. remind 提醒；B. allow 允许；C. persuade 说服；D. order 命令。根据上文“I discovered how warm-hearted Italians are”以及下文“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作 者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。 48.考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A. tricks技巧；B. promises 承诺；C. acts行为；D. duties职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。 故选C。 49.考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利 那样刺激我的食欲。A. ambition雄心；B. success成功；C. appetite食欲；D. growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激 食欲。故选C。 50.考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A. costume 服装；B. dish 菜肴；C. symbol 符号；D. tale 故事。根据上文“fuels my appetite”以及下文 “every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统 菜肴。故选B。 51.考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. gather集合；B. cheer欢呼；C. leave留下；D. wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“with friends and family”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。 52.考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A. put up with 克服；B. stand up for 支持；C. come up with 想出；D. make up for 弥补。根据上文 “whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。 53.考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A. signaled示意；B. confirmed确认；C. represented代表；D. accompanied伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用 餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompany by”译为“伴随”。故选D。 54.考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些 问题就会被遗忘。A. disadvantages缺点；B. meanings含义；C. surprises惊喜；D. opportunities机会。根 据上文“Whatever”以及下文“the problems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选 A。 55.考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些 问题就会被遗忘。A. created创建；B. forgotten忘记；C. understood理解；D. identified确认。根据上文 “Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems”以及下文“once you sit down to a big mealwith friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会 忘记不愉快。故选B。 【2024浙江1月卷】 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 41 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 42 me on the train. My 43 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 44 to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 47 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 48 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 49 as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 50 him asking at one point. It would have been easy to 51 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 52 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 53 me just how much one can gain from 54 with an open mind, and a willingness to 55 with locals from all walks of life. 41. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment 42. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached 43. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost 44. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right 45. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded 46. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding 47. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable 48. A. publish B. quote C. copy D. download 49. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students 50. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch 51. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with 52. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated 53. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised 54. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 55. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage 【答案】41. B42. D43. C44. A45. C46. A47. D48. B49. A50. C51. B52. D53. C54. A55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现， 年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。 41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了 20个小时的火车时，其间我与 一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A.experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D. appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。 42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救； C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中 国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。 43，考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中 文。A. true 真的；B. so-called 所谓的；C. new 新的；D. long-lost 很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。 A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知， 作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便 迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人 去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。 46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便 迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building 修建；B. sweeping 打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人 修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。 47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时 学习。A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文 “this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动 之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的 整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。 49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学 的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作 家感兴趣。故选A。 50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期； B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年 轻人提过的问题。故选C。 51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。 52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well- behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应 上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之 后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。 53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各 行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked 询问；B. warned 警告；C. showed 展示；D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人 可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各 行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指 带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。 55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各 行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side边；C. negotiate协商；D. engage 参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with 表示“与……接触”。故选D。 【2024九省联考卷】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was 41 , too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no 42 n duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for 43 the car. I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 44 the heat when an older gentleman 45 to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I 46 my predicament (困境). To my 47 , the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and 48 a tool set. Right then and there, this total 49 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long that they were 50 to function. After about an hour, he 51 that my car was safe to finish the trip. 52 came at the hands of a stranger. 53 his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man 54 a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his 55 . 41. A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure 42. A. mechanic B. policeman C. manager D. guide 43. A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining 44. A. feel B. beat C. absorb D. produce 45. A. promised B. refused C. stopped D. volunteered 46. A. solved B. noticed C. escaped D. explained 47. A. surprise B. regret C. amusement D. disappointment48. A. called up B. pulled out C. put down D. threw away 49. A. liar B. beginner C. stranger D. loser 50. A. free B. ready C. uncertain D. unable 51. A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted 52. A. Tiredness B. Kindness C. Loneliness D. Carefulness 53. A. Folding B. Drying C. Soiling D. Mending 54. A. saved B. called C. judged D. banned 55. A. friend B. daughter C. coworker D. customer 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的车在半路坏了，正巧赶上周日，在加油站并没有找到修 车的人。这时恰巧有一位年长的绅士来加油。了解到作者遇到的困难后，他主动帮助作者修了车。作者对 此非常的感谢。 41.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的手机也没电了。A. busy忙的；B. loud大声的；C. dead（因无电力） 不工作的；D. secure可靠的。根据上文“I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down.”以及句中的too可知，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而关机了。故选C。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我设法去了一个加油站，但那是初秋的周日，没有机修工值班。A. mechanic机修工；B. policeman警察；C. manager经理；D. guide指导。根据上文“but it was Sunday in the early fall”可知，作者的车坏了，所以她应该去找修车的。但是因为是周日，所以加油站的机修工都没 上班。故选A。 43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我正努力读完大学，几乎没有钱保养这辆车。A. washing清洗；B. parking 停车；C. purchasing 购买；D. maintaining 保养。根据空前“I was working my way through university then and had little money”可知，作者当时正在在读大学，没有什么钱，所以几乎是不保养车的。 故选D。 44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。 A. feel感觉；B. beat击败；C. absorb吸收；D. produce生产。根据下文“working on a hot September afternoon”可知，事情发生在一个炎热的夏天，作者坐在车边试图保持凉爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎热 的天气中保持凉爽”。故选B。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在车旁坐了几个小时试图避暑，这时一位年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。 A. promised答应了；B. refused拒绝；C. stopped停止；D. volunteered自愿的。根据上文“I managed to get to a gas station”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一辆车停下来加油。故选C。 46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问起我的车，我解释了我的困境。A. solved解决；B. noticed注意到；C. escaped逃脱。D. explained解释。根据上文“He asked about my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者的车出了 什么问题，然后作者向他解释了他的困境。故选D。 47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行 李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. surprise惊喜；B. regret遗憾；C. amusement可笑；D. disappointment失望。 根据下文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and___48___ a tool set”可知，这位年长的绅士听到作者的困难后，告诉作者他也有一个女儿，而且从车里拿 出一套工具。这让作为陌生人的作者感到非常的惊讶。故选A。 48.考查动词短语辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这位先生告诉我，他有一个和我同龄的女儿，然后他打开行 李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. called up打电话给；B. pulled out取出；C. put down放下；D. threw away扔 掉了。根据空后“a tool set”以及下文“Right then and there, this total ___49___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were __50___ to function.”可知，这位绅士从他的车里拿出一套工具，帮作者修起了车。故选B。 49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说，我 的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. liar骗子；B. beginner初学者；C. stranger陌生人； D. loser失败者。根据上文“I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to ___44___ the heat when an older gentleman ___45___ to fuel his car”以及全文语境可知，这个绅士对于作者来说完全是个陌生人。故 选C。 50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，这个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机，一边工作一边解释说， 我的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，以至于无法工作。A. free免费的；B. ready准备好的；C. uncertain不 确定；D. unable不能的。根据上文“as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long ”可知，由于车辆的火花塞已经很久没有更换了，所以导致它不能正常工作。故选D。 51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，他宣布我的车可以安全地完成旅程。A. pronounced宣布； B. agreed同意；C. discovered发现；D. doubted怀疑。根据空后“that my car was safe to finish the trip” 可知，经过一个小时的修理后，那个绅士宣布说车可以安全地完成旅程。故选A。 52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良来自一个陌生人。A. Tiredness疲劳；B. Kindness善良；C. Loneliness 孤独；D. Carefulness细心。根据全文语境可知，一位陌生人帮助了他，所以此处指善意来自一个陌生人。 故选B。 53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个 大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. Folding折叠；B. Drying干燥；C. Soiling弄脏。D. Mending 修补。根据上文“After about an hour, he ___51___ that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，那位绅士 给作者修了一个小时的车。此处指修车时弄脏了自己的衣服。故选C。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个 大学生，只因为她可能和他的女儿同龄。A. saved救了；B. called打电话；C. judged判断；D. banned禁 止。根据上文“Right then and there, this total ___49___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were___50___ to function.”可知，这个陌 生人给作者修了车，所以作者觉得他就像是从灾难中是救了她。故选A。 55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个炎热的九月下午，这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服，从灾难中拯救了一个 大学生，只因为她可能是他的女儿同龄。A. friend 朋友。B. daughter 女儿；C. coworker 同事；D. customer顾客。根据上文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者觉那位绅士帮 助作者是因为他有一个和她同龄的女儿。此处指作者就像那位男士的女儿。故选B。 【2023新课标I卷】On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 4 1 the course earlier than she did. Her 4 2 came because she was carrying a 4 3 across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention. Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 5 2 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 5 3 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day. 41. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 44. A. race B. school C. town D. training 45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange 【答案】41. D42. A43. D44. A45. C46. B47. D48. A49. B50. B51. C52. D53. A54. C55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个 参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛 晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance 机会；C. trouble 麻烦；D. excuse 借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____41____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名 竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。 43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer 志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一 名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的 “hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二 多的时候”。故选A。 45，考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回 来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同 伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。 46，考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid 帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她 的帮助下向前走。故选B。 47.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然 后又走了500英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺 爬到她的背上。故选D。 48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线， 然后又走了500英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续 不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治 疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝 盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文 “later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。 50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查 站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。 故选B。 51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于 Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一 件大事感到困惑。故选C。 52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。 53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave 离开；B. cure 治愈；C. bother 打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线， 然后又走了500英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。 54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。 A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一 场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。 55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display 展示；C. benefit 利益；D. exchange 交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 500 feet to where Lenoue could get ____48____ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。 【2023新课标II卷】 In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41 . They could not afford to pay for 4 2 for their dog, Tiffy, and 4 3 wanted to take her with them. It just 44 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46 Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 47 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a 49 and trust that everything would 50 . After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 51 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 5 2 them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was 5 3 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 41. A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection 42. A. food B. shelter C. medicine D. transportation 43. A. desperately B. temporarily C. secretly D. originally 44. A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed 45. A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed 46. A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up 47. A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious 48. A. hard B. fine C. common D. lucky49. A. coworker B. passenger C. stranger D. neighbor 50. A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off 51. A. feed B. follow C. change D. load 54. A. call B. join C. leave D. serve 55. A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful 54. A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed 55. A. thankful B. generous C. proud D. sympathetic 【答案】41. B42. D43. A44. C45. B46. D47. B48. A49. C50. B51. D54. A55. D54. C55. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另 一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。 41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点；B. budget预算；C. schedule时间表；D. connection联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___44___ for their dog, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food食物； B. shelter 庇护；C. medicine 药；D. transportation 交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___41___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗 Tiffy的交通 费。故选D。 43.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately 非常、拼命地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. secretly秘密地；D. originally起初。根据“wanted to take her with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。 44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把 Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。 根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧 是的作者和另一名飞行员正 在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把 Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed 失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城 带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。 46.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻找； C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞 到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。 47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused困惑的；B. nervous紧张的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. curious好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___49___ and trust that everything would ___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。 48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard困难的；B. fine好的；C. common常见的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___49___ and trust that everything would ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。 49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把 狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. coworker合作者；B. passenger乘客；C. stranger陌生人； D. neighbor邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。 50.考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把 狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed up加速；B. work out解决；C. come back回来；D. take off 起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___48___ for him,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。 51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B. follow跟随；C. change改变；D. load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让 George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B. join加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪 萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。 53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的； B. unexpected意想不到的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那 里。 A. returned返回；B. fought打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___5___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。 55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful感激的；B. generous慷慨的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。 【2023▪安徽省、云南省、吉林省、黑龙江省四省联考卷】 Dr. Smith of New York works at a center for children who can’t learn well. One day a father brought his son to him for 41 at his office. The father told Dr. Smith about his son. “My son has 4 2 in learning and can’t even play baseball. He isn’t doing well because he doesn’t try. I have done everything for him. I have even shouted at him. But nothing 4 3 . ” After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he 4 4 his father. He asked the father to sit in front of a 4 5 and then gave him a pencil and a piece of paper. There was a 4 6 on the paper. He asked the father to look only in the mirror and 4 7 the lines of the star with the pencil. The father made the same 4 8 anyone makes. Every time he 4 9 the pencil, it went the wrong way. The father’s face became red.At this 50 the doctor shouted at him, “Hurry up! Why are you 5 1 so long? You can’t do such an 52 thing! You don’t know left from right!” These 53 made the father very angry. “Now you can 54 , can’t you?” The doctor said to him. “Your son has felt just like that all the time. You scolded (训斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He was afraid of making mistakes. ” 55 the father understood everything. He put his face down. Now he felt so sorry. 41. A. testing B. acting C. teaching D. playing 42. A. confidence B. interest C. experience D. difficulty 43. A. returns B. helps C. appears D. remains 44. A. waited for B. searched for C. believed in D. called in 45. A. mirror B. television C. painting D. desk 46. A. face B. line C. number D. star 47. A. remove B. follow C. cross D. cut 48. A. decisions B. choices C. mistakes D. patterns 49. A. touched B. dropped C. moved D. sharpened 50. A. speed B. corner C. end D. point 51. A. staying B. taking C. preparing D. writing 52. A. easy B. important C. obvious D. exciting 53. A. ideas B. words C. questions D. instructions 54. A. relax B. leave C. understand D. promise 55. A. Interestingly B. Absolutely C. Suddenly D. Unfortunately 【答案】41. A42. D43. B44. D45. A46. D47. B48. C49. C50. D51. B52. A53. B54. C55. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位父亲带学习有困难的孩子去做测试。结果，父亲才是那个造成孩 子学习困难的人。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，一位父亲带着儿子到他的办公室做测试。A. testing测试；B. acting 行动；C. teaching教；D. playing玩耍。根据下文“After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he 44 his father.” 可知，男孩做了测试。故选A。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子学习有困难，甚至不会打棒球。A. confidence自信心；B. interest兴 趣；C. experience经验；D. difficulty困难。根据下文“He isn’t doing well because he doesn’t try. I have done everything for him.”可知，父亲为儿子做了一切，但是还是学习学不好，所以就认为儿子有学习困难。 故选D。 43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是什么都没用。A. returns归还；B. helps帮助；C. appears出现；D. remains仍然。根据前文“One day a father brought his son to him for testing at his office.”可知，父亲带儿 子来做测试，说明自己做的一切都是不起帮助作用的。故选B。 44.考查动词短语辨析。句意：史密斯医生检查完男孩后，把他父亲叫来。A. waited for等待；B. searched for寻找；C. believed in信任；D. called in叫来。根据本句“After Dr. Smith tested the boy”可知，史密斯 医生检查完男孩后会把父亲叫进来说明情况。故选D。 45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让父亲坐在镜子前，然后给了他一支铅笔和一张纸。A. mirror镜子；B.television电视；C. painting绘画；D. desk桌子。根据下文“He asked the father to look only in the mirror and 47 the lines of the star with the pencil.”可知，父亲是坐在镜子前的。故选A。 46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：纸上有一颗星星。A. face脸；B. line行；C. number数字；D. star星星。根 据下文“He asked the father to look only in the mirror and 47 the lines of the star with the pencil.”可知， 父亲是坐在镜子前画星星的。故选D。 47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他让父亲只照镜子，用铅笔沿着星星的线条画。A. remove移除；B. follow 跟随，按照；C. cross跨过；D. cut切割。根据本句“He asked the father to look only in the mirror”可知， 纸上有个星星，但是父亲只能按照要求照着镜子中的星星画。故选B。 48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个父亲犯了所有人都会犯的错误。A. decisions决定；B. choices选择；C. mistakes错误；D. patterns模式。根据下文“Every time he 49 the pencil, it went the wrong way.”可 知，父亲也会犯错误，每次划线，都走错了方向。故选C。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意： 每次他移动铅笔，它都走错了方向。A. touched触摸；B. dropped掉落； C. moved移动；D. sharpened使变锋利。根据本句“it went the wrong way”可知，铅笔走错了方向，应是 父亲移动铅笔。故选C。 50.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！ 怎么花了这么长时间？这么简单的事你做 不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. speed速度；B. corner角落；C. end末端；D. point要点。根据前文 “Every time he 49 the pencil, it went the wrong way.”以及后文“the doctor shouted at him”可知，父 亲犯了错，这时医生对他喊。故选D。 51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！你怎么花了这么长时间？这么简单的事你做 不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. staying停留；B. taking花费；C. preparing准备；D. writing写。根据 前文“Every time he 4 9 the pencil, it went the wrong way.”可知，父亲一直犯错，会花很长时间。故选 B。 54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！你怎么花了这么长时间？这么简单的事你 做不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. easy容易的；B. important重要的；C. obvious明显的；D. exciting令 人兴奋的。根据后文“You don’t know left from right!”可知，分不清左右是很简单的事。故选A。 55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些话让父亲非常生气。A. ideas想法；B. words言语；C. questions问题； D. instructions指示。根据前文“ “Hurry up! Why are you 51 so long? You can’t do such an 54 thing! You don’t know left from right!””可知，这是医生对父亲说的话。故选B。 54.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“现在你明白了，是吗?”医生对他说。A. relax放松；B. leave离开；C. understand理解；D. promise承诺。根据下文“the father understood everything”可知，医生在问父亲是 否明白其中道理。故选C。 55.考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，父亲明白了一切。A. Interestingly有意思的是；B. Absolutely绝对地； C. Suddenly突然；D. Unfortunately不幸的是。根据前文““Your son has felt just like that all the time. You scolded (训斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He was afraid of making mistakes. ””可知，父 亲在听完医生的话后，一瞬间就明白了。故选C。 【2022新课标I卷】My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our 41 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 42 along Chalk Creek. I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 44 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 45 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 46 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip. The 49 picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 51 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 52 , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were 53 . Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 54 , wondering what camping fun and 55 we will experience next. 41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries 42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled 43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried 44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid 45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for 46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed 47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off 48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded 49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed 50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix 51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal 52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly 53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right 54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement 55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict 【答案】41. C42. A43. D44. C45. B46. A47. D48. B49. A50. C51. A52. D53. C54. D55. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和 家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。 41. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A. ideas 想法；B. jokes 笑话；C. memories 记忆；D. discoveries 发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little”可推知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C。 42. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked 散步；D. cycled 骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。43. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. surprised惊讶的C. disappointed失望的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一 根绳子。故选D。 44. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受 伤的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以才会哭。故选C。 45. B。考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to 由于；B. instead of代替、而不是；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。根据上文“He was uncomfortable, and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可推知，此处指孩子身 上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。 46. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened 发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可推知，此处指 作者的密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。 47. D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们 平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册、报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房、结账离开； D. headed off 启程、出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。 48. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们 平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上 文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可推 知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。 49. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度； D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。 50. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动； D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。 51. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wonder惊奇；D. signal 信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫 再次尝试启动，也没有获得好运，船依然无法启动。故选A。 52. D。考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把 我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. helplessly无助地。 根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况 下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D。 53. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全的；D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可推知，此处指得到了渔夫的帮助，作者和家人安全了。故选C。 54. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋， 想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责；C. pride自豪；D. excitement兴奋。结合语境，再根据下文“wondering what camping fun”可推知，此处指作者期待接下来 的露营，充满兴奋。故选D。 55. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋， 想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure冒险；C. performance 表现；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可推知，此处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B。 【2022新课标II卷】 Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it 41 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 42 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 43 . They’re part of a new form of the 44 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no- cost stays in 45 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 46 . It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 47 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 48 . But house sitting also offers a level of 49 they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 50 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 52 . For Jessica, that means 53 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 54 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 55 ,” she says. 41. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time 42. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure 45. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable 44. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural 45. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’ 46. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence 47. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete 48. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please 49. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention 50. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying 51. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment 52. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding 53. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing 54. A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty55. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression 【答案】41-45 DCDCA 46-50 DADBB 51-55 ACCAB 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌 生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很 高，他们总是超出房主的预期。 41. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位45岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。 A. indoors室内；B. online在线的；C. single-handed单手的；D. full-time全职的。根据后文“She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.(在 过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位45岁的年轻人全职从 事这项工作。故选D。 42. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的 方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game游戏；B. service服务；C. vacation假期；D. procedure手续。结合 上文可知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。 43. D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常 的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. affordable买的 起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方 式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。 44. C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local当地的；B. private私人的；C. sharing分享；D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。 45. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠 物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. co-workers’同事的；D. neighbors’邻居的。 根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。 46. D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠 物、给植物浇水。A. favor帮助；B. defense防御；C. honor荣誉；D. absence缺席。根据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。 47. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安 排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. compare比较；D. complete完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。 48. D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安 排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transport运输；C. choose选择；D. please取悦。根据上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。 49. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support支持； B. comfort舒适，安慰；C. control控制；D. attention注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房 子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。 50. B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪；B. staying 停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选B。 51. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。 A. success成功；B. survival存活；C. growth生长；D. unemployment失业。根据后文“rate in getting accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。 52. C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。 A. budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectations期待；D. understanding理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接 受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。 53. C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁， 在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. donating捐赠；C. sending发送；D. borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。 54. A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清 洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. open开放的；C. simple简单的；D. empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。 55. B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜测；B. decision决定；C. response反应；D. impression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确 的决定，故选B。 考点3 记叙文之人与自然 【2025八省联考卷】 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, which was a seaside area in Karachi. There, I would always see the same elderly lady 41 the pigeons (鸽子). The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in 42 , would gather around her before she even had a 43 to take the bag of rice out from her handbag. It was the same each day, part of her 44 . I found that 45 her perform this ordinary task with such 46 was both calming and beautiful. On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her 47 spot to feed the birds. But, as she 48 the bench (长凳) to sit down, her necklace (项链) fell to the ground. I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set. Noticing that, I 49 to get it back for her. 50 , before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the 51 picked up the necklace, 52 to the bench, and dropped it on her lap. I couldn’t 53 my eyes. The old lady, also 54 , began laughing quietly to herself. I was 55 with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset. 41. A. feeding B. pursuing C. training D. collecting 42. A. age B. size C. weight D. number 43. A. wish B. chance C. plan D. reason 44. A. job B. project C. routine D. dream 45. A. watching B. helping C. making D. hearing 46. A. confidence B. enthusiasm C. flexibility D. precision47. A. original B. parking C. hiding D. usual 48. A. repaired B. approached C. shared D. supported 49. A. slipped in B. ran away C. got up D. turned around 50. A. However B. Afterwards C. Gradually D. Fortunately 51. A. sea B. tree C. pair D. group 52. A. walked B. stuck C. pointed D. flew 53. A. lift B. cover C. believe D. close 54. A. satisfied B. surprised C. annoyed D. frightened 55. A. caught B. hit C. left D. met 【答案】41. A42. D43. B44. C45. A46. B47. D48. B49. C50. A51. D52. D53. C54. B55. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢去一个海滨地区的公园看日落，常看到一位老妇人喂鸽 子。一个特别的晚上，老妇人的项链掉落，一只鸽子竟捡起项链放回到她腿上，这让作者和老妇人都很吃 惊，也都非常欣喜。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我总是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。A. feeding喂养；B. pursuing追 求；C. training训练；D. collecting收集。根据下文“On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her __47___ spot to feed the birds.”可知，作者是看到同一个老妇人喂鸽子。故选A。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10到15只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米 之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A. age年龄；B. size尺寸；C. weight重量；D. number数量。根据上文 “usually around 10 to 15”可推知，此处是介绍这群鸽子的数量，指通常在10到15只左右。故选D。 43.考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10到15只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米 之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A. wish愿望；B. chance机会；C. plan计划；D. reason原因。根据上文 “The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in ___54___, would gather around her”和下文“to take the bag of rice out from her handbag”可推知，此处是描述鸽子迅速聚集在老妇人周围的场景，应该是不等她有机会从手 提包里拿出那袋米，鸽子就聚集起来了。故选B。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天都是一样的，这是她日常生活的一部分。A. job工作；B. project项目； C. routine常规；D. dream梦想。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由 此可知，这成了老妇人的常规惯例，即她日常生活的一部分。故选C。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A. watching观看；B. helping帮助；C. making制作；D. hearing听见。根据上文“There, I would always see the same elderly lady ___41___ the pigeons (鸽子).”可知，作者总是看老妇人做这件事，由此可知，是看着 她完成这项平凡的任务让作者觉得平静又美丽。故选A。 46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A. confidence信心；B. enthusiasm热情；C. flexibility灵活性；D. precision精确性。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人对此倾注了热情，因此一直坚持着。故 选B。 47.考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：在这个特别的晚上，这位女士来到她平常的地方喂鸟。A. original 原始的；B. parking停车；C. hiding躲藏；D. usual平常的。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人是来到平常的地方喂鸟。故选D。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当她走近长凳坐下时，她的项链掉在了地上。A. repaired修理；B. approached靠近；C. shared分享；D. supported支持。根据老妇人是来公园喂鸽子的情境，以及下文 “the bench (长凳) to sit down”可推知，此处指她走近长凳坐下。故选B。 49.考查动词短语辨析。句意：注意到这一点，我起身去帮她拿回来。A. slipped in溜进；B. ran away逃跑； C. got up起身；D. turned around转身。根据上文“I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set.”可知，作者坐在附近的草地上，等待太阳落山，由此可知，作者看到老妇人的项链掉落后，起身去帮 她拿回来。故选C。 50.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放 在她的腿上。A. However然而；B. Afterwards之后；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据 下文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___52___ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，一只鸽子捡起项链，归还给了老妇人，这与作者原本的行为形成 转折，应用However“然而”衔接上下文。故选A。 51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放 在她的腿上。A. sea海洋；B. tree树；C. pair一对；D. group群。根据上文“The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in ___44___, would gather around her”可知，这是聚集在老妇人周围的那群鸽子中的一只。故选D。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放 在她的腿上。A. walked行走；B. stuck卡住；C. pointed指向；D. flew飞。根据上文“one of the pigeons” 和下文“dropped it on her lap”可推知，鸽子应该是飞到长凳上，再把项链放在老妇人的腿上。故选D。 53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A. lift举起；B. cover覆盖；C. believe相信； D. close关闭。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___52___ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，老妇人经常喂的鸽子居然帮她捡回项链，这是令人 难以置信的事，因此作者不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选C。 54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老太太也很吃惊，开始静静地笑了起来。A. satisfied 满意的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the ___51___ picked up the necklace, ___52___ to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”和 “also”可知，看到自己经常喂的鸽子居然捡回项链，老妇人的反应和作者是一样的，感到非常惊讶。故选 B。 55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我脸上露出了灿烂的笑容，高高兴兴地继续看日落。A. caught抓住；B. hit 击打；C. left 剩下；D. met 遇见。根据下文“with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset”可知，作者见到这一情景，内心是高兴的，脸上应该是仅有灿烂的笑容，即露出了灿 烂的笑容，短语be left with意为“余下，剩下”，表示在某种情况下，仅剩下某些东西或某种感觉。故选 C。 【2023浙江1月卷】 The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 41 a uniquehoney harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 4 2 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 4 3 . I 4 4 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 4 5 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 4 6 the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 4 7 . He stopped every few minutes to move the 4 8 higher up the tree trunk. 4 9 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he 59 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 5 1 the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too 52 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 53 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 54 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right 55 to go back up. 41. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness 42. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves 43. A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless 44. A. searched B. recognised C. followed D. invited 45. A. gathered B. cleaned C. dropped D. checked 46. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated 47. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing 48. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey 49. A. Finally B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Immediately 50. A. backed B. dived C. shouted D. inched 51. A. cut off B. gone up C. slid down D. held onto 52. A. high B. early C. fast D. close 53. A. hatching B. training C. sowing D. trading 54. A. curious B. hungry C. bored D. angry 55. A. moment B. equipment C. person D. order 【答案】41. D42. C43. B44. C45. A46. B47. D48. C49. A50. D51. C52. B53. A54. D55. A 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特 的采蜜经历。 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. collect收集；C. celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____41____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统 的采蜜方式。故选D项。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards庭院；B. fields田野；领域；C. treetops树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作 的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。 43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B.dangerous危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pointless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ____44____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是 很危险的。故选B项。 44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索； B. recognised 认出；C. followed 跟随；D. invited 邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ____41____ a unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选 C项。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火 把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. dropped掉落；D. checked检查。根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。 46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。 A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可 知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。 47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后 Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。 48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B. leaves树叶；C. rope绳索；D. honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上 攀爬。故选C项。 49.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A. Finally最终；B. Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few minutes to move the ___48___ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬， 终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。 50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入 蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shouted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。根 据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ___43____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的 工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将 烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。 51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off切除；B. gone up 上升；C. slid down滑下；D. held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选 C项。 52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的； D. close 亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ___53___ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。 53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C.sowing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知， 此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。 54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A. curious好奇的；B. hungry 饥饿的；C. bored无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。 55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment时刻；B. equipment 设备；C. person 个人；D. order 点餐；命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed ____53____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机， 等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。 【2020新课标卷】 Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 41 . He learned the value and beauty of 4 2 there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 4 3 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 4 4 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 4 5 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 4 6 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 4 7 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 4 8 during the daytime. He turned to the 4 9 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 50 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 51 young plants in the dry season was 52 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 53 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 5 4 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai 55 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally- grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 41. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice 42. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge 43. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward 44. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage 45. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise 46. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted 47. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust 48. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter 49. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance 50. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed 51. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding 52. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial 53. A. back B. top C. foot D. side 54. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect55. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. D 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨 大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切， 他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在 30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地 成为许多动植物的家园。 41.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. job 工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些 “湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。 42.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. youth青 春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。 43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward尴尬的，笨 拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选 C。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。 A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会 “损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。 45.考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇 的数量减少。故选A。 46.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意； B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少 是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。 47.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音； B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受 炎热的影响。故选B。 48.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给 动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。 49.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动；B. police警察； C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知， Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。 50.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own” 可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。 51.考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集 水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。 52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的； B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办 法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。 53.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的 陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵 树苗的”顶端”。故选B。 54.考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞 的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故 选D。 55.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会； C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的 家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。