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专题 05 非谓语动词
第一部分动词不定式
考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势
2025八省联考卷—to present；
2024新课标I卷—to give; 1. 考查动词不定式短语作目的
2024浙江1月卷—to benefit;
状语，不定式多放在句首，后边
考点1考查动词不定式短语 2023全国甲卷—to teach;
多用逗号。
作目的状语 2022新课标I卷—to increase;
（5年9考） 2022新课标II卷—to see; 2.考查动词不定式短语作定语，
2022新课标I卷--To strengthen; 名词前有形容词或最高级。
2021新课标II卷—to educate; 3.考查动词不定式短语作主语，
2021浙江卷—to plant。
多用于 It takes time to do sth 句
2025浙江I月卷---to rent;
考点2考查动词不定式短语 2025全国二卷—to discover 型。
作定语 2022全国甲卷—to journey; 4.考查动词不定式短语作宾语，
（5年5考） 2022北京卷—to harm; 需要牢记 aim, threaten, agree,
2022北京卷—to invest。
decide等动词常接动词不定式作
考点3考查动词不定式短语
宾语。
作主语 2021全国甲卷—to walk。
（5年1考） 5.考查动词不定式短语作宾语补
2025全国一卷---to present； 足 语 用 于 allow, encourage,
2024全国甲卷—to catch;
考点4考查动词不定式短语 persuade 等动词用于“动词+sb
2023新课标I卷—to bite;
作宾语
to do sth.”。
2022新课标II卷—how to thank;
（5年6考）
2022浙江1月卷—plan to continue; 6.考查动词不定式短语作原因状
2021全国乙卷—aim to have。 语，多用于“be+形容词+to do”
考点5考查动词不定式短语
2024新课标II卷—to find; 句型。
作宾语补足语或原因状语
2022浙江卷—to do。 7.考查动词不定式主动形式被动
（5年2考）
意义，常用于“be+形容词+不
考点6考查动词不定式主动
形式被动意义 2020全国II卷—to care。 定式”结构。
（5年0考）考点01考查动词不定式短语作目的状语，多放在句首，后边多用逗号
1.（2025八省联考卷）The goal was two-fold: 56 (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the
equal use of all six tongues.
2.（2024新课标I卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These
sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
3.（2024九省联考卷）He knows that computers are here (stay) and that they will not disappear.
4.（2024浙江1月卷）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However,
if you’re shopping for one, buying extra (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
5.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) __________ (teach) a lesson or to
pass on wisdom.
6.（2022 新课标 I 卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously
unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority __________
(increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
7.（2022新课标II卷）Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto
the balcony, and climbed up __________ (see) them.
8.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of
public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have
thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
9.（2021新课标II卷）I decided to do something __________ (educate) people about this problem.
10.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over __________ (plant) flowers in the front
yard.
11.（2020全国I卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 __________ (find)
and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
12.（2020 全国 III 卷）The next morning he hired a boat and set out __________ (find) the well-known
painter.
13.(2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology __________
(change) lives.
考点02考查动词不定式短语作定语
14.（2025全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying
me the chance 62 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after
sunning clothes for an entire day.
15.（2025浙江I月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women 60 (rent) rather than purchase
them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing.
16.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first
step __________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
17.（2022北京卷）As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an
intention __________ (harm) her, Helen started to run.18.（2021 北京卷）Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need
(invest) in disaster prevention.
19. (2019·全国 II 卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans
__________(retire) from her 36-year-old business.
考点03考查动词不定式短语作主语
20.（2021全国甲卷）It is possible __________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
21.（2020北京卷）It takes them hundreds of years __________ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the
ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins.
考点04考查动词不定式短语作宾语
22.（2025全国一卷）We hope 58 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context,
and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.
23.（2024全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend
61 (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
24.（2023新课标I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing
the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on
your tongue.
25.（2023新课标I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___________
(lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents.
26.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know __________to thank him.”
27.（2022 浙江 1 月卷）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans
__________ (continue) the practice.
28.（2021全国乙卷）Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of
its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim
__________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
考点05考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语或状语
29. （2024 新课标 II 卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said
Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___63___ (find) the
connection between the two great writers.
30.（2022浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do).
31.（2020浙江1月卷）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位
数的) age of an American in 1950 was 30; today it is 41 and is expected __________ (increase)to 42 by 2050.
考点06考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义
32.（2020 全国 II 卷）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are
easy__________ (care) for and make great presents.
第二部分 动名词考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势
1. 考查动名词作介词宾语，有
考点1考查动名词作介词宾语
时该介词省略，需要平时注意
（有时该介词省略难度增
2023全国乙卷--recording
积累 spend time(in) doing, have
加）
trouble (in) doing, prevent sb
（5年1考）
(from) doing…等句型。
考点2考查动名词作介词宾语 2025八省联考卷—improving；
2.考查动名词作介词宾语，需
（介词出现显性考查难度 2022全国甲--staying;
要抓住介词 in, after 以及 look
低） 2021全国甲卷--spending;
forward to, object to, be devoted
（5年4考） 2021全国乙卷—visiting。
to …动词短语等。
考点3考查动名词作动词宾语
2025浙江1月卷---returning。 3.考查动名词作动词宾语，需
（5年1考）
要积累动词enjoy, appreciate。
考点4考查动名词复合结构
4.考查动名词复合结构，难度
2020新课标--walking
（5年0考）
较大。
考点01考查动名词作介词宾语（有时该介词省略，属于隐形考查）
1.（2023 全国乙卷）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years (record) everything I
discovered.
考点02考查动名词作介词宾语（介词出现，难度偏低）
2. (2025八省联考卷) Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 63 (improve) communication
and cooperation between China and the rest of the world.
3. (2022全国甲卷) I was unwilling to talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not ___________(stay) out
with my friends too late.
4.（2021全国甲卷）After ___________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we
decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
5.（2021全国乙卷）Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:•Minimize the impact of
___________ (visit) the place.
6.（2019全国III卷）If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.
7.（2019全国I卷）Scientists have responded by ___________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚
集) around human settlements.
8.（2019 全国 II 卷）A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ___________ (be)Britain'soldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week.
9.（2018全国I卷）You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___________(die) early
by running.
考点03考查动名词作动词宾语
10.（2025浙江1月卷）“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always
mean 65 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
11.（2018全国 III 卷）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ___________(look) directly into his
eyes so he doesn't feel challenged.
12. (2017全国II)This included digging up the road, (lay) the track and then building a strong roof
over the top.
考点04考查动名词复合结构
13. (2020新课标) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine
themselves living at a different time in history or ____________(walk) through a rainforest.
第三部分 现在分词
考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势
考点1考查现在分词短语作伴随、时间状语 2025北京卷---traveling 1. 考查现在分词短2024新课标II卷--Recalling;
2023全国甲卷--borrowing;
语作伴随、时间状
2023全国乙卷—Having visited;
语，分词与句子谓
2023天津3月卷—Dating
语动词构成主动关
（与句子谓语动词构成主动关系）
2022新课标I卷--Covering;
系。
（5年10考）
2022全国甲卷--planning; 2. 考查现在分词短
2022全国乙卷—inviting; 语作定语，表示一
2021新课标II卷—thinking; 个主动的、正在进
2021北京卷—resulting。 行的动作。
2023新课标II卷--visiting; 3.考查现在分词短
2023天津6月卷--originating; 语作宾补补足语，
考点2考查现在分词短语作定语
与句子宾语之间构
2022新课标II卷--falling;
（表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作）
成主动关系。
2022浙江卷-- existing, sighted;
（5年6考）
4.需要考生掌握现
2021新课标I卷—aching;
在分词和过去分词
2021新课标I卷--living
的基本区别是主被
考点3考查现在分词短语作宾语补足语（与
动关系。
句子宾语之间构成主动关系） 2023新课标I卷--wanting。
（5年1考）
考点01考查现在分词短语作伴随、时间状语（与句子谓语动词构成主动关系）
1. (2025北京卷)When 17 (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences.
2. (2024新课标II卷) ___________ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III
in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony
Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang’s play was beingperformed.”
3.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful
existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old
fables.
4.（2023全国乙卷） (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of
old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
5．（2023天津3月卷）________ back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.
A．Dating B．Being dated
C．To date D．To be dated
6.（2022新课标I卷） ___________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the
GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
7.（2022全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He
flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, ___________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
8.（2022 全国乙卷）To strengthen the connection with young people, the event included a number of public
promotional activities on social media, ___________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world
to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
9.（2021新课标II卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___________ (think)it is
food.
10.（2021北京卷）From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ___________
(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.
考点02考查现在分词短语作定语（表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作）
11.（2023新课标II卷）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese
zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
12．（2023天津6月卷）The Palace Museum has the most remarkable collection of fine clocks in the world,
mainly _________ from Europe and China.
A．originating B．originated C．being originated D．having originated
13.（2022新课标II卷）When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry
ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___________ (fall)
child.
14.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their ___________ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that
of ___________ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
15（2021新课标I卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the
whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___________ (ache) legs.
16.（2021 浙江 1 月卷）This may be due to some disadvantages for people ___________ (live) in the
countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports
facilities.
考点03考查现在分词短语作宾语补足语（与句子宾语之间构成主动关系）17.（2023新课标I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am
always left ___________ (want) more next time.
18.（2020 全国 III 卷）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds, ___________
(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
第四部分 过去分词
考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势
2025全国二卷---left；
2025八省联考卷---written；
2024新课标II卷--inspired
2024浙江1月卷--designed;
2023新课标I卷--recognized; 1.考查过去分词短语作定
考点1考查过去分词短语作定语 2023全国甲卷--intended; 语，与被修饰名词构成被
（与被修饰名词构成被动关系）
2023全国乙卷—built; 动关系。
（5年12考）
2023浙江1月卷--surrounded; 2.考查过去分词短语作宾
2023全国乙卷--built; 语补足语，与宾语之间构
2022全国甲卷—held; 成被动关系。
3.考查过去分词短语作表
2021浙江卷1月—studied;
语 ， 多 表 示 “ 感
2021北京卷—caused。
到……”。
考点2考查过去分词短语作宾语补足语 2025北京卷---scared；
（与宾语之间构成被动关系） 4.考查过去分词短语作插
2021新课标I卷—astonished。
（5年2考） 入语。
考点3考查过去分词短语作表语 2024新课标I卷--closed;
（多表示“感到……”）
2021全国II卷—excited。
（5年2考）
考点4考查过去分词短语作插入语
2020浙江卷1月—compared
（5年0考）
考点01考查过去分词短语作定语（与被修饰名词构成被动关系）
1.（2025全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 65 (leave)
to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
2.（2025八省联考卷）At the same time, a language and its individual 59 (write) forms make up the
“soul” of a national tradition.
3.（2024新课标 II 卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, __________(inspire)by The Peony Pavilion,was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
4.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs
__________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
5.（2023新课标I卷）Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food
historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace.
6.（2023全国甲卷）Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone.
7.（2023全国乙卷）From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than
3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully (build)
system of ring roads.
8．(2023天津3月卷)_________ several adjustments to the design for two months, the engineer eventually
succeeded in building a highly efficient system.
A．Trying B．Tried
C．Having tried D．Having been tried
9．(2023天津3月卷)The hero’s touching story ________ online has drawn thousands of “likes” and hundreds of
comments from the public.
A．posting B．to post
C．posted D．to be posted
10.（2023 浙江 1 月卷）In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, (surround) in
concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
11.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in
Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
12.（2021浙江卷1月）In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries ________
(study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
13.（2021北京卷）There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20
years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
14.（2020 北京卷）A piece of stone __________ (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human
relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought.
考点02考查过去分词短语作宾语补足语（与宾语之间构成被动关系）
15.（2025北京卷）When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that
he might have someone 12 (scare).
16.（2021新课标I卷）But that’s how nature is —always leaving us _____________（astonish）.
17.（2020全国 II 卷）They make great gifts and you see them many times ___________ (decorate) with red
envelopes and messages of good fortune.
考点03考查过去分词短语作表语（多表示“感到……”）
18.（2024新课标I卷）These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In
cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants.19.（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.
考点04考查过去分词短语作插入语
20.（2020浙江卷1月）The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large ____________
(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population
