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专题 06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
第一部分 动词的时态、语态
考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势
2025全国一卷--- are revealed；
2025北京卷---had made；
2025北京卷--- are achieved；
2024九省联考卷—were used；
2024浙江1月卷—have started；
考点1考查动词时态语态用法，
2023北京卷—has established；
1.考查动词时态语态用法，
且句中有明确的时间状语提示 2023天津3月卷—has caused；
且句中有明确的时间状语提
（5年12考） 2022北京卷—has been；
示，尤其要掌握一般过去
2022新课标I卷—were；
2022全国甲卷—has walked； 时，现在完成时的时间状语
2021北京卷—has increased；
标志。
2022浙江1月卷—has promised；
2.考查动词时态语态用法，
2021全国甲卷—was built。
且有固定句型限制或暗示，
考点2考查动词时态语态用法，
2022新课标II卷—was fixing；
如 It is the first time that…
且有固定句型限制或暗示 2022北京卷-caught；
等。
（5年3考） 2021浙江卷--sold。
3.考查动词时态语态用法，
2024新课标II卷—were；
2024新课标II卷—was built 且需要考虑主从复合句时态
2024全国甲卷—were; 呼应。
考点3考查动词时态语态用法， 2023新课标II卷—wished; 4.考查动词时态语态用法，
2023全国乙卷--was amazed;
且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应 且需要考虑语境整体时态。
2023北京卷—threw;
（5年9考） 2023北京卷—had arrived； 5.考查情态动词在被动语态
2023天津3月卷—will be bringing; 用法，且注意情态动词后接
2023天津6月卷--is being
动词原形基本用法。
restored。
2025浙江1月卷---is；
考点4考查动词时态语态用法， 2024新课标I卷—walks；
2022浙江卷—noticed；
且需要考虑语境整体时态
2022北京卷—has；
（5年9考）
2022新课标I卷—is designed；
2021新课标II卷—was；2021全国甲卷—hired；
2021浙江1月卷—is considered；
2021浙江卷—was painted。
2025八省联考卷---be treated
考点5考查情态动词在被动语态
2024全国甲卷—should be done；
用法，且注意情态动词后接动词
2024浙江1月卷—could be
原形基本用法 offered；
（5年5考） 2023全国甲卷—can be employed；
2022浙江卷—can be appreciated。
考点01考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示。
1. (2025全国一卷）“The players’ personalities 60 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are
exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
2.（2025北京卷）Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 (make)
several decisions even without noticing.
3.（2025 北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16
(achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance.
4. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity
lately because they are refillable.
5.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in
packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
6.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
7.（2023天津3月卷）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats,
___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades.
A．has caused B．have caused
C．was causing D．were causing
8.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive
if this situation continues.
9.（2021北京卷）There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
10.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)
previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to
increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
11.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in
2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
12.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t surviveif this situation continues.
13.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of
them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
14.（2021新课标 I卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it
_________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
15.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It
_________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
16.（2021北京卷）There _________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
17. （2020全国I卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese
moon goddess _________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
考点02考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示。
18.（2022新课标II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric
hanging from the balcony.
19.（2022 北京卷）Eventually, the man _________ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her
wallet!
20.（2021浙江卷）After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and _________
(sell) most of their furniture.
考点03考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应。
21.（2024新课标II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s
concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo
and Juliet.”
22.（2024新课标 II 卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___
(build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
23.（2024 全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five
awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
24.（2023新课标II卷）As a little girl, I _________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
25.（2023 全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-
existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
26.（2023 北京卷）Soon after moving to Switzerland, I _________ (throw) a house-warming party and was
greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up exactly on time.
27.（2023北京卷）Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to
find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
28．（2023天津3月卷）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that
you ________a group for a birthday party.
A．will be bringing B．have brought
C．have been bringing D．were bringing29.（2023天津6月卷）The wooden tower that _________ will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost
finished.
A．is being restored B．is restored
C．is restoring D．restores
考点04 考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态。
30.（2025浙江1月卷）The concept 62 (be) certainly not new – men have been renting good suits for
decades – but for female shoppers, it is just taking off.
31.（2024新课标 I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors
through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to
Britain for the first time.
32.（2022 浙江卷）When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he _________ (notice)her
smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said.
33.（2022北京卷）Gas naturally (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so
that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
34.（2022 新课标 I 卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the
authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological
buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
35.（2021新课标II卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the
biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
36.（2021全国甲卷）We _________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old
and shaky but did the job.
37.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and
a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
38.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary
loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect
order.
39.（2020 北京卷）The Neanderthals_________（live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of
thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago.
40.（2020 新课标）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, _________ (form) the core
collection of the British Museum that opened in 1759.
41.（2020新课标）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms.
考点05考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形
42.（2025八省联考卷）Every language is worthy of respect and should 60 (treat) equally.
43.（2024全国甲卷）What should 65 (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud.
44.（2024浙江1月卷）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help evenmore if they could sometimes __________ (offer) in smaller packs.
45.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still
_________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
46.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a
painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind?
47.（2020全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece
to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
第二部分主谓一致考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势
2025全国一卷---tries；
2025全国二卷---is；
2024新课标I卷--walks;
2024新课标II卷--were;
2024新课标II卷—was built;
2024全国甲卷--were;
考点1考查语法一致 2024九省联考卷—were used;
1. 考查语法一致（谓语动
（谓语动词的单复数要与主语 2024浙江1月卷—have started;
词的单复数要与主语单复
单复数保持一致） 2023北京卷—has established;
数保持一致）用法。
（5年16考） 2023全国乙卷—was amazed;
2.考查意义一致（一些集
2022北京卷—has increased;
体名词需要根据其语境含
2022新课标I卷—were;
义确定谓语单复数形式）
2022全国甲卷—has walked;
用法。
2022浙江1月卷—is designed;
3. 考 查 就 近 一 致
2022新课标II卷—was fixing;
（ either..or, neither…
2020新课标—are called.
nor…, not only…but
考点2考查意义一致
also….等）的用法。
（一些集体名词需要根据其语
2017江苏--was
境含义确定谓语单复数形式）
（5年0考）
考点3考查就近一致 2021北京卷—has been;
（either..or, neither…nor…, not 2019江苏卷—has given;
only…but also….等） 2019天津卷—was given;
（5年1考） 2017天津卷—is regarded。
考点01语法一致（谓语动词的单复数要与主语单复数保持一致）
1. (2025全国二卷）And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine
scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61 (be) one of them.
2. (2025全国一卷）A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or twopoints as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side.
3.（2024 新课标 I 卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors
through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to
Britain for the first time.
4.（2024新课标 II 卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s
concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo
and Juliet.”
5.（2024 新课标 II 卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___
(build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
6.（2024 全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five
awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
7. (2024九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity
lately because they are refillable.
8.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in
packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
9.（2023北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
10.（2023 全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-
existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
11.（2023北京卷）Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to
find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
12.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive
if this situation continues.
13.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)
previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to
increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
14.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in
2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
15.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive
if this situation continues.
16.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of
them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
17. （2022 新课标 I 卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the
authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological
buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
18.（2022北京卷）Gas naturally (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so
that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
19.（2021新课标II卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of thebiggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
20.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and
a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
21.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary
loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect
order.
22.（2021新课标 I卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it
_________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
23.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It
_________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
24.（2021北京卷）There _________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
25.（2022新课标II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric
hanging from the balcony.
26．（2020新课标）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms.
考点02意义一致（一些集体名词需要根据其语境含义确定谓语单复数形式）
27. (2017江苏)The publication of Great Expectations, which ___________(be) both widely reviewed and highly
praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist.
考点03就近一致（either..or, neither…nor…, not only…but also….等）
28.（2021北京卷）There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
29. (2019江苏) The musician along with his band members ______________(give) ten performances in the last
three months.
30. (2019天津)Amy, as well as her brothers, _____________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last
week.
31. (2017天津)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best
all-round forms of exercise.
