文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．Confucius n．孔子
2．mansion n．公馆；宅第
3．cemetery n．墓地；公墓
4．philosophy n．哲学
5．descendant n．后裔；后代；子孙
6．heel n．足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟
7．Achilles’ heel (喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点
8．kingdom n．王国；领域
9．currency n．通货；货币
10．military adj.军事的；军用的
11．landscape n．(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景
12．ancestor n．祖宗；祖先
13．courtyard n．庭院；院子
14．county n．(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县
15．feast n．盛宴；宴会；节日
16．cattle n．牛
17．scent n．气味；气息
18．stew n．炖菜(有肉和蔬菜) vt.& vi.炖；煨
19．sensory adj.感觉的；感官的
20．transition n．过渡；转变；变迁
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．individual adj.单独的；个别的 n．个人
2．chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的 n．(公司或机构的)首领；酋长
3．nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近
4．conquer vt.占领；征服；控制5．battle n．战役；搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗；奋斗
6．port n．港口(城市)
7．charge n．收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电
8．amount n．金额；数量
9．gallery n．(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊
10．approach n．方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近
11．ensure vt.保证；确保；担保
12．butter n．黄油；奶油 vt.涂黄油于
13．honey n．蜂蜜
14．position n．位置；姿态；职位
15．snack n．点心；小吃
16．roll vi.& vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动 n．卷(轴)；翻滚
17．dot n．点；小(圆)点 vt.加点；遍布
18．roar vi.& n．吼叫；咆哮
19．ocean n．大海；海洋
20．pub n．酒吧；酒馆
21．wine n．葡萄酒；果酒
22．beer n．(一杯)啤酒
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj.令人困惑的→puzzled
adj.感到困惑的
2．belong vi.应在(某处)；适应→belonging n．[U]归属；[pl.]动产，财物
3．defence n．防御；保卫→defend v．防御；保卫→defensive adj.防御的；保护的
4．legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.不合法的→legally adv.法律上地
5．surround vt.围绕；包围→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surroundings n．环境
6．evidence n．证据；证明→evident adj.明显的
7．achievement n．成就；成绩；达到→achieve vt.达到；实现
8．location n．地方；地点；位置→locate vt.确定……的准确地点；找出……的位置
→located adj.坐落于；位于
9．fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinate v．使……入迷，迷住→fascinated adj.
着迷的
10．announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→announcement n．宣布；通知→announcer n．广播员；
解说员
11．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generosity n．慷慨；大方
12．eager adj.热切的；渴望的→eagerly adv.热心地；急切地→eagerness n．热切；渴望13．poet n．诗人→poem n．诗歌→poetry n．诗歌(总称)
14．greet vt.问候；迎接→greeting n．问候；致意
15．custom n．风俗；习俗；习惯→customer n．顾客→customs n．海关
16．striking adj.引人注目的；显著的→strike vt.打击；攻击；打动 n．罢工
17．crowd n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的
1．authentic /ɔː'θentIk/ adj.真正的；真实的
2．comb /kəʊm/ vt.梳(头发)；梳理 n．梳子；篦子；梳理(头发)
3．sternly /'stɜːnli/ adv.严厉地；苛刻地→stern /stɜːn/ adj.严厉的；苛刻的；严峻的
4．opt /ɒpt/ vi.& vt.选择；挑选
5．boast /bəʊst/ vi.& vt.自夸；自吹自擂 n．夸耀；夸口
6．lick /lIk/ vt.舔；舔着喝(吃)
7．disgusting /dIs'ɡʌstIŋ/ adj.令人厌恶的；极糟的
8．terrified /'terIfaId/ adj.恐惧的；非常害怕的→terrify /'terIfaI/ vt.使恐惧；使惊吓
9．glance /ɡlɑːns；NAmE ɡlæns/ vi.瞥一眼；扫视；浏览 n．一瞥；扫视
10．triumph /'traIʌmf/ n．胜利；重大成功
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来
2．break away (from sb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱
3．belong to属于
4．as well as同(一样也)；和；还
5．keep your eyes open (for)留心；留意
6．add...to...把……添加到……中
7．refer to谈到；查阅；指的是
8．take over接收；接管
9．leave behind把……抛在后面；留下；遗留
10．have a great influence on对……有极大影响
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．The United Kingdom，Great Britain，Britain，England—many people are confused by what
these different names mean.(what引导的宾语从句)
联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——很多人对这些不同名称的含义感到困惑。
2．So what is the difference between them，if any？(if的省略结构)
如果有的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？
3．They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and
military defence.(过去分词短语作后置定语)像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗。
4．They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.(have sth
done)他们在英格兰各地建造城堡，并对法律体系进行改革。
5．If you keep your eyes open，you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its
present.(if引导的条件状语从句)
如果你留心去观察，英国的过去和现在都将展示在你的面前，令你叹为观止。
6．The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for
the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.(with的复合结构)
“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称
一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
7．With all this beauty，it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that
include music，dancing，and dining.(It is＋adj.＋that...)乡村景色如此优美，在爱尔兰形成这
些浓厚的传统包括音乐、舞蹈以及餐饮就一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。
When studying in the United Kingdom，I was no longer 1.____________(puzzle) about
when England got Wales，Scotland and Ireland joined to it or when the southern part of Ireland
broke away from it.The four countries belonging to the UK use the same currency and
military defence,2.____________ they have different legal systems.I saw much evidence that
showed the Romans，the Vikings as well as the Normans invaded and conquered the Great
Britain,3.____________(leave) behind their so-called achievements and influencing the names of
locations and vocabulary.There were many fascinating places，so I had to keep my eyes
open.Later I traveled to Ireland 4.______________ I found myself fascinated by the landscape.It
was such a feast for my eyes that I felt as if I were approaching a gallery in which I
5.__________________(surround) with beautiful pictures.Every day I was greeted with the
rolling mountains 6.______________(dot) with sheep and cattle，the roar of the ocean and
the scent of flowers.I often had a sip of wine or beer in nearby pubs which charged only a
small amount of money 7.____________ their service.Once I talked about their customs with
8.____________crowd of Irish people who were interested in our Confucius philosophy，
poems created by poets in the Tang Dynasty and our ancestors’ chief
9.____________(achieve)．They were generous and shared with me a snack cooked with
butter and honey and a mouth-watering stew.The journey is so striking that I’m eager
10.____________(go) there again.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
surround vt.包围；围绕(surrounding adj.周围的；附近的 surroundings n．环境)
surround...with...用……包围……be surrounded by/with被……包围
(1)Surrounding yourself ____________ people who will provide you with support can be very
beneficial.
(2)您可以给我一些关于如何适应陌生环境的有益的建议吗？(应用文写作之求助信)
Would you please offer me some beneficial advice on __________________________________？
(3)绿树掩映，这个农场坐落于我们学校附近的山脚下。一条小河曲曲折折穿行其中。
(2020•全国 Ⅱ，书面表达)
________________________，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school.There is a
small river winding through the farm.
charge vt.收费；控告；充电；(向……)冲 n．收费；指控；主管
•charge sb with (doing) sth ＝accuse sb of (doing) sth 指控某人犯……罪
charge sb money for sth 因某事/物收某人钱
charge at向……发起冲锋，扑向
•free of charge＝for free免费
in charge of掌管(表状态)
take charge of掌管(表动作)
in the charge of被……掌管；由……负责
(1)We have enough evidence and confidence to charge you ____________ abuse of power.
(2)The generous owner charging me nothing __________ the noodles，I felt a wave of warmth
and gratitude welling up in my heart.(读后续写之情感描写)
(3)上周我们就市民是否可以免费使用科学博物馆展开了热烈的讨论。(议论文写作)
Last week we had a heated debate about _________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
(4)恶狼张开血淋淋的嘴巴，跳起来扑向我，好像要把我一口吃掉似的。(读后续写之情境描
写)
The fierce wolf ， opening its bloody mouth ， sprang to its feet and
____________________________ in one gulp.
(5)我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。(2021·全国甲，书面表达)
I will ____________________________________ designed to introduce traditional Chinese
cultures to foreigners.
announce vt.宣布；通知；声称(announcement n．宣布；通知 announcer n．广播员；
解说员)
•announce sth to sb向某人宣布某事It is announced that...据宣布……
as is announced...正如宣布的那样……
•make an announcement (to sb)(向某人)发通知
(1)Our school’s English broadcast station is looking for an ____________(announce) who is
capable of speaking fluent and authentic English.
(2)The host announced ____________ us that a painting exhibition would be held in the city
gallery next weekend.
(3)The authority announces that a new railway station will be built here to promote its tourism.
＝________________________ a new railway station will be built here to promote its tourism.
(4)大家请注意，在我们上课之前我要下个重要通知。
Attention，please，________________________________________________ before our class
starts.
amount n．金额；数量 v．总计，共计；相当于，等于
•the amount of...……的数量
“大量/少量的”表达：
a large/small amount of＋n.[U]＋v.(单数)
large/small amounts of＋n.[U]＋v.(复数)
•amount to共计，总计；等于，相当于
(1)Yesterday large amounts of honey and butter ______(be) used to make this kind of snack.
(2)为了保持健康，有规律的适量锻炼是相当必要的。(应用文写作之建议信)
In order to keep healthy，________________________________________________.
(3)暑假期间我总共挣了300美元，这笔钱可以帮助养活我的家人。
(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)
The money I earned during the summer holiday ____________________________________，
which could help support my family.
approach n．接近；方法；途径 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近
•an approach to (doing) sth (做某事的)方法/途径
at the approach of...在快到……的时候
•with...approaching在……快到的时候
(1)With the Spring Festival ____________(approach) ， we could hardly contain our inner
excitement.
＝ ________________________________________ ， we could hardly contain our innerexcitement.
(2)解决这个问题的方法有多种，但我们最好找到最经济的那种。
__________________________________________，but we’d better find the most economical
one.
(3)那只小鸟正拍打着翅膀向我靠近。(2023•浙江1月，读后续写)
There was the little bird，flapping her wings and ________________________.
eager adj.渴望的；热切的(eagerly adv.热心地；急切地eagerness n．热切；渴望)
•be eager to do sth 渴望做某事
be eager for sth 渴望得到某物
•with eagerness＝eagerly热切地；急切地
hide one’s eagerness掩饰某人的渴望
(1)Learning that you’re leaving for the United States soon，I’m ____________(eager) writing
to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help.(应用文写作之感谢信)
(2)每个人都渴望成功，但成功只属于那些意志坚定、坚持不懈的人。(读后续写之主旨升华)
____________________，but success only belongs to those who are determined and persevering.
(3)当这个男孩被问及是否想要一个生日礼物的时候，他无法掩饰他的渴望。(读后续写之心
理描写)
When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday，___________________________.
belong to属于；是……的成员；是……的组成部分{belong vi.应在(某处)；适应，合得
来 belonging n．[U]归属；[pl.]动产，财物}
a sense of belonging归属感
注意：belong to 没有被动语态和进行时态，用作非谓语时要使用doing形式，用法相同的短
语还有date back to(追溯到)，consist of(包括)，take place(发生)等。
(1)Having sold most of his ____________(belong)，the poet almost had nothing left in the house.
(2)We were reminded to take whatever ____________(belong) to us before getting off the train.
(3)正是因为你的慷慨帮助，我很快就产生了归属感，适应了新的环境。
It is because of your generous assistance ____________________________________________
____________________________________________________.
as well as同(一样也)；和；还
•as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词，通常不位于句首。
作“也，还”解，连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与as well as前面的主语保持一致(就远原
则)。•用作介词时，as well as相当于besides，in addition to，意思为“除……之外”，后面通常
接名词或动名词，尤其是位于句首时。
(1)Your wife as well as you ____________(be) friendly and generous，for which I am very
grateful.
(2)As well as ____________(eat) a five-course meal，they drank seven bottles of wine.
(3)我们的班主任和五名学生代表被邀请在昨天的成人礼上发表演讲。
(2020·天津7月，书面表达)
________________________________________________________________ at yesterday’s
coming-of-age ceremony.
if的省略结构 So what is the difference between them，if any？如果有的话，那么它们
之间的区别是什么呢？
if any(如果有的话)是一个省略句，相当于if (there is/are) any...。
if not如果不是这样的话
if so如果是这样的话
if ever如果曾有的话
if necessary如果有必要的话
if possible如果可能的话
(1)If it is necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
＝____________，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
(2)如果有人要来的话，请让我知道有多少，我好做准备。
Please let me know how many people are coming ， ____________ ， so that I can make
preparations.
(3)我想知道这个星期五晚上你是否方便到机场接我。如果是这样的话，那就再好不过了。
如果不方便，那就请提前帮我订一辆出租车。
I am wondering if it’s convenient for you to pick me up at the airport this Friday
night.____________，it couldn’t be better.____________，please help me book a taxi in
advance.
with的复合结构 The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green
counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and
cattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，
堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
(1)With the victory ____________(announce)，all people present cheered up with great joy.
(2)With so many tricky problems ________________(approach)，the newly-elected president will
have a tough period to go through.with的复合结构在句中作状语和定语，主要包括：
•with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作)
•with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行)
•with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成)
•with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv.
(3)Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in
his eyes.(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)
①Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，_____________________________________.(用
with的复合结构改写)
②Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，_________________________________.(用独立
主格结构改写)
(4)____________________________________，we sit together and eat mooncakes and fruits，
sharing our stories.皓月当空，我们围坐在一起，吃着月饼和水果，分享我们的故事。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．charge
A.n.费用 B.v.收费；要价 C.n.掌管；负责 D.v.指控；控告 E.v.充电 F.v.向……冲
G.v.使充满
(1)My phone is having a dead battery；please help me charge it._________
(2)To our shock，the shy man should be charged with murdering his wife.________
(3)They normally charge three hundred pounds but we got it for half price.________
(4)The dog barked ， jumping—four feet in the air—mouth open and charging at the
man.________
(5)One moment it was quiet and calm in the forest；the next，the air was charged with
tension._________
(6)Failure to provide enough cheaper ones will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult.
(2022·新课标Ⅱ)________
(7)People who dress up as Roman soldiers in charge of photos won’t be allowed near hot tourist
spots.(2022·全国乙)________
2．approach
A.vt.& vi.靠近；临近 B.vt.与……商量 C.vt.处理 D.n.方法；途径(1)The students approach their teacher for advice.________
(2)InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development，which
focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.
(2023·浙江1月)________
(3)Not seeing or hearing any fire engines approaching，Grant rushed to a side entrance and ran
up the stairs.(2020·新课标Ⅱ)________
(4)Human qualities also involve how you think，how you approach problems，and how you
break them down；and that takes a lot of algorithmic(算法) design.(2021·天津第二次笔
试)________
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)I am writing to apply for the position of Chief Editor.____________
(2)After reading the book，you must put it where it belongs.____________
(3)Psychologist Susan Levine，an expert on mathematics development in young children at the
University of Chicago，found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop
better spatial skills.(2022·全国Ⅱ)____________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．A province attempted to break ____________ from the country，which accounted for why
the president was upset.
2 ． The identity card doesn’t belong ________________ me ， though the picture looks
particularly similar to me.
3．She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if in ____________(defend)．
(读后续写之动作描写)
4．__________________(surround) by familiar colleagues，he felt a strong sense of belonging.
5．Brimming over with ____________(grateful)，I waved goodbye to the family and watched the
truck until it vanished around a turn，feeling a hint of warmth in my heart.(读后续写之心理描写)
6．The only approach to ____________(solve) the problem is discussing it at the conference.
7．I am eager ____________(keep) myself updated with the latest news by surfing the Internet.
8．The supermarket was crowded ______________ people who wanted to buy goods at a
discount.
9．It ________________(announce) that the blog posted by the troll contains much false
information.
10 ． For one thing ， the overall development over the past decades has been so
____________(strike) that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.
(2020·江苏，书面表达)假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Alex来信说将要在寒假期间去北京旅行一周，请你根据
以下提示给他回信，向他推荐一个你最喜欢的地方，帮助他更好地旅行。
内容包括：1.推荐的景点；
2．推荐理由以及需要注意的事项；
3．表示真诚期待与欢迎。
完成句子
1．得知你渴望在即将到来的寒假去北京旅游，我写信给你一些建议。(be eager to do；现在
分词短语作状语)
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2．北京有许多著名的旅游景点，其中最重要的是故宫博物院。(“介词＋which”引导定语
从句)
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3．故宫博物院由内城和外城围成同心圆(concentric circles)，自明代以来一直是北京的中心。
(surround；过去分词短语作后置定语)
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4．随着寒假的临近，来北京的游客数量将急剧增加。(with复合结构；approach)
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5．如果是这样的话，你最好提前预订机票和住宿。(if的省略结构)
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组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
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教材语料整合
[情感描写] eager→eagerly→eagerness；puzzle→puzzled→puzzling；
fascinate→fascinating→fascinated
亮词
[动作描写] break away from；belong to；surround；battle；keep your eyes
open (for)；approach；greet；crowd
1.Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all，offering something for each of
the senses.(拟人修辞)
2.The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a
true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.(比喻
修辞)
3.And down by the sea，the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make
美句
up the music of the coast.(环境描写)
4.On a quiet morning in the mountains，feel the sun on your skin，and breathe in
the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning
song.(动作描写＋拟人修辞)
5.With all this beauty，it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong
traditions that include music，dancing and dining.(情感描写)
拓展语料积累 自然环境细节描写(二)
thunder n．/v.雷声；打雷；spring n．春天；泉水；horizon n．地平线；dew
单词 n．露水；露；colourful adj.五彩斑斓的；freezing adj.极冷的；snow-covered
adj.积雪覆盖的；frozen adj.结冰的；golden adj.金黄色的
spring showers春雨；cherry blossoms樱花盛开；look like the boundless yellow
carpet看起来像无边无际的黄色地毯；a season for harvest/revival丰收/复苏的季
节；be covered with a layer of green覆盖一层绿色；be dotted with shining stars
词块
繁星点点；wrinkle the surface of the lake使湖面泛起波纹；be bathed in the
golden sunshine沐浴在金色的阳光下；tall branches waving in the wind高高的树
枝在风中摇曳
1.Spring thunder rumbled with continuous rain which moistened the whole earth.
春雷隆隆，连绵的雨水滋润着整个大地。
句型
2.With spring approaching，the earth gets covered with a layer of green.随着春天
的临近，大地被覆盖了一层绿色。3.The sun just crept out of the eastern horizon and rays of golden red penetrated
through the white clouds and across the sky.太阳刚刚从东方的地平线上爬出
来，数缕金红色的光线穿透了白云，划过天空。
4.The ground was covered with tender grass，on whose blades some dew
drops were glistening in the sunshine.地上长满了嫩草，叶子上一些露珠在阳光
下闪闪发光。
5.A gentle breeze came up，wrinkling the surface of the lake.It was really a
beautiful morning.(分词作状语)一阵微风吹过，使湖面泛起波纹。这真是一个
美丽的早晨。
6.Birds flew around the woods singing cheerfully and restlessly.(拟人修辞)鸟儿
在树林里飞翔，不停地欢唱。
7.It was a clear stream which ran quite merrily along on its narrow way
through the damp greenness.穿过这片潮湿的绿草地，一条清澈的小溪沿着狭
窄的水道欢快地流淌着。
语料运用 人与自然
With spring approaching，①________________________________________________.On
a beautiful morning ， we started our camping out of city.As we approached the campsite
②________________________(过去分词作定语)，we could hardly contain our excitement.On
reaching there ， my mom opened the door of the car immediately ，
③________________________________________________.The surrounding landscape was so
fascinating that it was really a true feast for our
eyes.④____________________________________(分词作状语)，we lay on the grass with a
light heart.Birds were singing happily ⑤____________________________________(as if引导方
式 状 语 从 句 ) ． My family chatted comfortably ，
⑥________________________________________________(独立主格结构)．
随着春天的临近，大地被覆盖了一层绿色。在一个美丽的早晨，我们开始在城市外露营。
当我们接近群山环绕的露营地时，我们几乎无法抑制自己的兴奋。到了之后妈妈马上打开车
门， 冲到外面，急切地催促我们搭起帐篷。周围的景色如此迷人，真是一场视觉盛宴。沐
浴在金色的阳光下，我们躺在草地上，心情轻松。鸟儿在欢快地歌唱，好像它们在热情地迎
接我们。我们全家舒舒服服地聊天，过去的美好回忆涌上我们的心头。
